Contribuii privind proiectarea strucurilor sudate de mas minim prezente pe aeronave

Contribuii privind proiectarea structurilor sudate de mas minim prezente pe aeronave

Contributions regarding the design of the aircraft lightweight welded structures
Cond. t,
Prof. Univ. Dr. Ing. BALCU Ion

Doctorand,
Ing. DIMA Dumitru - Gabriel

Rezumatul tezei (lb. Rom + lb. Englez)

Cele mai ntlnite structuri sudate din componena aeronavelor sunt structuri de tip grind sau cu
geometrii complexe, care trebuie s reziste sarcinilor impuse de regulamentele de certificare, n
condiiile unei mase minime. n urma studiului literaturii de specialitate, a mai multor aeronave, dar i
ca rezultat al unei activiti de proiectare i calcul n domeniul aeronautic, s-a constatat doar
disponibilitatea unor cunotine calitative despre proiectarea de detaliu a acestor structuri. Plecnd de
la acest considerent, s-a dezvoltat i validat experimental o metod de calcul bazat pe analiza cu
elemente finite care, mpreun cu metodologiile de calcul ale structurilor tubulare din ingineria civil,
s-au constituit ntr-un instrument pentru studiul structurilor sudate u oare.
n acest mod, s-a studiat influena pe care o au guseele asupra factorului concentratorilor de tensiune
din jonciunile tubulare, ncepnd de la forma i amplasamentul acestora, pn la varia ia parametrilor
geometrici. Cercetrile au continuat cu determinarea for ei capabile a jonc iunilor sub solicitri
compuse, respectiv modaliti de reducere a factorului concentratorilor de tensiune n jonc iunile cu i
fr guseu.
Ca parte integrant a acestui cercetri s-au realizat mai multe studii de caz, pentru diferite structuri
puternic solicitate (fuselaj, suport motor, banchet pasageri sau suport armament acro at). n cadrul
studiilor de caz s-au clarificat probleme precum: influen a guseelor asupra comportamentului grinzilor
plane i al unui schelet spaial, reproiectarea pentru mas minim, proiectarea bazat pe optimizarea
topologic, respectiv o comparaie ntre concepte de proiect realizate prin diferite tehnologii de
fabricaie.
Lucrarea de fa vine n ajutorul colectivelor de proiectan i cu contribu ii n domeniul proiectrii
conceptuale, predimensionrii i calculului pentru mas structural minim i durabilitate maxim a
structurilor sudate din domeniul aeronautic.

***
Most of the welded structures on aircrafts are latticed beams or complex shapes, having to withstand
the certification loads for a minimum weight. After the documentation from dedicated literature,
directly on aircrafts, and also by the activity of design and calculation of aircraft structures, it was
found that only qualitative information about structural detail design are available. Starting from this
point, a method based on the finite elements was developted and experimentaly validated. This,
together with calculation methods of the tubular structures from civil industry, formed a tool for the
lightweight welded structures.
Iut was studied the influence of the gussets over the stress concentration factor form tubular joints,
taking into account shape, placement and all geoetrical parameters. The researches were continued
with the capacity of mulltiloaded joints and methods to decrease the stress concentration factor of the
joint with or without gusset.
As part of the research program, were few case studies for hevy loaded structures as a fuselage, an
engine suport, a passenger seat or a weapon carrying system. There were clarified issues like the
influence of the gussets over plane beams and spatial structures behavior, redesign of a structure for
weight saving, design based on topology optimization and an assessment of some design concepts
manufactured by different technologies.
The research program will asist engineering teams in conceptual design, dimensioning and calculation
of the lightweight aircraft welded structures.

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