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IA
Funcia sinus
sin : [ 1,1] este periodic (perioada principal T*=2 ), impar, mrginit.
Funcia arcsinus
arcsin : [ 1,1] , este impar, mrginit, bijectiv.
2 2
Funcia cosinus
cos : [ 1,1] este periodic (perioada principal T*=2 ), par, mrginit.
Funcia arccosinus
arccos : [ 1,1] [ 0, ] mrginit, bijectiv.
Funcia tangent
Funcia arctangent
arctg : , este impar, mrginit, bijectiv.
2 2
Funcia cotangent
ctg: \ {k ; k } . este periodic (perioada principal T*= ), impar, nemrginit.
Funcia arccotangent
arcctg : ( 0, ) mrginit, bijectiv.
1
2
2
2
2
2
3
2
1
2
3
1
3
sinx
cosx
T
0
3
2
1
3
tgx
ctgx
/
0
III
IV
sinx
cosx
tgx
+
+
+
ctgx
+
+
Identiti fundamentale
sin
-x =cosx
2
tg
-x =ctgx
2
sinx
cosx
tgx
ctgx
II
III
IV
cos
-x =sinx
2
ctg
-x =tgx
2
tgx ctgx=1
arcsin ( sinx ) =x
arccos ( cosx ) =x
arctg ( tgx ) =x
arctgx+arcctgx=
arcsinx+arccosx=
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II I
III I
IV I
sin x =
sin ( x ) ,
sin x =
sin ( 2 x )
cos x =
cos ( x ) ,
cos x =
cos ( x ) ,
cos x =
cos ( 2 -x )
tgx =
tg ( x ) ,
tgx =
tg ( x ) ,
tgx =
tg ( 2 x )
ctgx =
ctg ( x ) ,
ctgx =
ctg ( x ) ,
ctgx =
ctg ( 2 x )
sin x =
sin ( x ) ,
Formule paritate
sin x
sin ( x ) =
arcsinx
arcsin ( x ) =
arccos ( x ) = arccos x
tgx
tg ( x ) =
arctgx
arctg ( x ) =
ctgx
ctg ( x ) =
arcctg ( x ) = arcctgx
cos ( x ) =
cos x
Formule periodicitate
2
tg ( k + x ) =
tgx
cos ( 2k + x ) =
cos x
+ x ) ctgx , k
ctg ( k =
sin ( 2k + x ) =
sin x
tgx + tgy
tg ( x + y ) =
1 tgx tgy
tgx tgy
tg ( x y ) =
1 + tgx tgy
ctgx ctgy 1
ctg ( x + y ) =
ctgy + ctgx
ctgx ctgy + 1
ctg ( x y ) =
ctgy ctgx
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ctg 2 x 1
2tgx
ctg
x
=
2
1 tg 2 x
2ctgx
Formule pentru unghiuri triple
tg 2 x
=
cos 3 x =
4 cos3 x 3cos x
sin 3 x =
3sin x 4sin 3 x
ctg 3 x 3ctgx
3tgx tg 3 x
ctg
x
3
=
1 3tg 2 x
3ctgx 1
Formule pentru jumti de unghiuri
tg 3 x
sin
x
1 cos x
x
1 + cos x
=
cos =
2
2
2
2
x
1 cos x
sin x
1 cos x
=
==
2
1 + cos x 1 + cos x
sin x
R
tg
x
1 + cos x
sin x 1 + cos x
=
=
=
2
1 cos x 1 cos
sin x
x
2
ctg
x
x
2tg
1-tg 2
2
x
2 = 2t
2 = 1 t
=
sin x =
cosx
unde t tg
2
2
x
x
1+ t
1+ t
2
1 + tg 2
1 + tg 2
2
2
x
x
2tg
1-tg 2
2t
1 t2
2
2
tgx =
=
ctgx=
=
x 1 t2
x
2t
1-tg 2
2tg
2
2
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1
sin ( x + y ) + sin ( x y )
2
1
cos x cos
y
=
cos ( x y ) + cos ( x + y )
2
1
sin x sin
y
=
cos ( x y ) cos ( x + y )
2
sin x cos
y
=
sin x =1 x =
sin x = 0 x = k
+ 2 k
sin x =1 x = + 2k
2
cos x =1 x = + 2k
+ k
2
cos x =1 x =2k
cos x = 0 x =
sin x = a [ 1,1] S =
{( 1) arcsin a + k / k }
k
tgx = a S = {arctga + k / k }
ctgx =
a S =
{arcctga + k / k }
a + b2
numerele obinute cu sin respectiv cos, transformnd apoi n formula sin ( ) .
i nlocuim
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EXERCIII FORMULE
1. S se calculeze sin 1350 .
2. S se calculeze sin 2 100 0 + cos 2 80 0 .
3. S se calculeze sin 2 130 0 + cos 2 50 0 .
4. S se calculeze sin 2 1350 + cos 2 450 .
5. S se calculeze sin 120 0 .
6. S se calculeze sin 170 0 sin 10 0 .
7. S se calculeze cos 0 0 + cos10 + cos 2 0 + ... + cos180 0.
8. S se calculeze sin 60 0 cos 30 0 .
9. S se calculeze sin(10 0 ) sin(9 0 ) ... sin 9 0 sin 10 0 .
10.S se calculeze sin 30 0 cos 450 + sin 60 0 .
11.S se calculeze cos 80 0 + cos100 0 .
12.S se calculeze sin 2 80 0 + sin 2 10 0 .
sin 1350
.
cos 450
14.S se calculeze tg 2 30 0 + ctg 2 450 .
15.S se calculeze cos 10 0 + cos 20 0 + cos 160 0 + cos 170 0 .
3
16.S se calculeze cos x, tiind c sin x = i x (0 0 ;90 0 ) .
5
2
0
2
0
17.S se calculeze sin 150 + cos 30 .
18.S se calculeze sin 2 120 0 + cos 2 60 0 .
19.S se demonstreze c expresia (sin x + cos x) 2 2 sin x cos x este constant, pentru oricare ar
13.S se calculeze
fi numrul real x.
20.S se arate c sin 10 0 cos 80 0 = 0 .
1
2
4
5
1
cos(180 0 x) tiind c cos x = .
3
2
0
2 sin 135 .
sin 2 250 + sin 2 650 .
lg(tg 40 0 ) lg(tg 410 ) ... lg(tg 450 ).
29.S se calculeze
30.S se calculeze
31.S se calculeze
32.S se calculeze produsul (cos10 cos 9 0 ) (cos 2 0 cos 80 ) ... (cos 9 0 cos10 ).
23
.
12
23
1
43.S se calculeze tg arctg . V23
2
2
44.tiind c tg = 2 , s se calculeze sin 4 . V23
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1
3
49.tiind c 0, i c tg + ctg =
2 , s se calculeze sin 2 . V29
2
2 2
. V30
2
8
51.S se arate c sin 6 < 0 . V31
unghic ABC n care are loc relaia sin B + cos B = sin C + cos C .
1
3
54.S se arate c numrul sin arcsin + sin arccos este natural. V37
2
2
6+ 2
. V37
4
6 2
. V39
56.S se arate c sin15o =
4
57.S se demonstreze egalitatea sin ( a + b ) sin ( a b=) sin 2 a sin 2 b, a, b . V40
1
2
IA
. S se calculeze
58.Fie a i b numere reale astfel nct sin a + sin b =
1 i cos a + cos b =
cos ( a b ) . V41
6+ 2
2
3
13
2
65.S se calculeze tg ( a + b ) , tiind c ctga = 2 i ctgb = 5 . V51
70.S se calculeze
71.S se calculeze
72.S se calculeze
73.S se calculeze
74.S se calculeze
1
, s se calculeze sin . V65
3
cos 2 x , tiind c tgx = 4 . V66
2
3
4
. V67
sin + sin
+ sin
+ sin
3
3
3
3
1
cos 2 , tiind c cos = . V67
3
11
. V68
sin
12
7
. V69
cos
12
7
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1
+ cos x . S se calculeze sin 2x . V80
2
1
4
o
o
o
86.S se arate c tg1 tg 2 tg 3 ... tg 89o =
1 . V83
3
2
0
89.S se calculeze suma cos1 + cos 20 + ... + cos1790. V86
. S se arate c x y =
90.Numerele reale x i y verific egalitatea arctgx + arctgy =
1 . V88
3
3
93.S se arate c sin 40 sin140 =
cos 2 1300 . V91
1
3
94.Fie , astfel nct cos = . S se calculeze sin 2 . V92
3
2
2
5
1
2
103. S se rezolve n mulimea [ 0, 2 ) ecuaia tg ( x ) =1 2tgx . V11
1
2
105. S se rezolve n mulimea [ 0, 2 ) ecuaia sin x + cos x =
0 . V15
2
3
1
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1
3
1
2
114. S se rezolve n mulimea numerelor reale ecuaia cos 2 x + sin x =
0 . V48
115. S se rezolve n mulimea [ 0, 2 ) ecuaia 2sin x + 1 =0 . V61
1
. V68
=
3 3
3
. Care este probabilitatea ca, alegnd un element
2
6 2
din mulimea A, acesta s fie soluie a ecuaiei sin 3 x + cos3 x =
1 ? Bac2010
Fie mulimea A = 0, , , ,
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128.
10