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Cretinismul. dei avea acelai Dumnezeu peste tot, se practica diferit i era
mprit n trei zone. Cele trei zone erau:
Europa Apusean;
Patriarhul Antiohiei;
Patriarhul Ierusalimului;
Patriarhul Alexandriei.
Prin secolul al X-lea au aprut i alte ordine religioase. Clunizienii din Frana
urmau reguli stricte de srcie i castitate ca reacie la corupia crescnd
din snul Bisericii. Ordinul cistercian, fondat prin anul 1115, era i mai sever,
clugrii rugndu-se ncontinuu i fcnd munci agricole. Sfntul Francisc de
Assisi a fondat, n anul 1206, Ordinul franciscanilor, iar Papa, n ncercarea de
a-i spori puterea i influena, a fondat, n anul 1216, Ordinul dominicanilor .
Apar certuri intre 2 din cele 3 zone. Biserica Apusean i cea Rsritean au
avut numeroase conflicte terminate cu pace, n timp ce a 3-a zon, cea din
Orientul Mijlociu, ncepea s se destrame. Apoi au aprut numeroase
alteprobleme:
^ https://ehrmanblog.org/christians-and-their-exaggerated-numbers/
^ Ehrman, Bart (2005) [2003] (n englez). Lost Christianities: The Battle for
Scripture and the Faiths We Never Knew. New York: Oxford University Press. p.
176. ISBN 978-0-19-514183-2. Accesat la 26 iulie 2010. As a result of this
ongoing scholarship, it is widely thought today that proto-orthodoxy was
simply one of many competing interpretations of Christianity in the early
church. It was neither a self-evident interpretation nor an original apostolic
view. The apostles, for example, did not teach the Nicene Creed or anything
like it. Indeed, as far back as we can trace it, Christianity was remarkably
varied in its theological expressions.
Theologische Realenzyklopdie
Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon
Le Dictionnaire de Spiritualit
Encyclopedia of Philosophy
Pauly-Wissowa.
Jean-Marie Mayeur, Charles und Luce Pietri, Andr Vaucher, Marc Venard
(Hrsg.): Die Geschichte des Christentums. Religion Politik Kultur. Deutsche
Ausgabe herausgegeben von Norbert Brox, Odilo Engels, Georg Kretschmar,
Kurt Meier, Heribert Smolinsky. Herder, Freiburg i Br. 1991ff (14 Bnde,
Online: Prezentare)