ry'TPUtSUtU $[ ENERGIET'

MI$CAREA tlE ROTAIIn

A CORPUL{JIRIGID
fnarurrt&r metodic
problemelorde mecanicd
pentru rezolvarca
 ' -
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i{ MfNISTERUL,VfirAuWni.r-ur, TTNERETULUT
$rSpoRlUr"l.rt
i,:.,..*, I :r ; ", ,' AL REPUBLICII MOLDOVA
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1{'ii
,i..'4.
i' ':1- Universitatea Tehnic[ a Moldovei
itt'fi
,'t:rli-".,-.,$"

Catedradefizictrnr. I

.LEGILE CONSERVARN
IMPTILSIJLUI $I EI{-ERctrBI.
'
:, MIfiCARSA DE ROTATIA
'

' ri, . a t i

I ,:r
Indrumar rnetodic
pentru rezolvareaproblentelorde mecanied

'/r{'*<**'
&-^\ 1 \
,IflL--l>\
-r
_gq4
\E?tc-:

Departamentuledltorial- poltgratic al U.T.M.

Ch$indu
1997
 }t ezentrrlinrtrumsr motodiopcntru rezolvarorproblenrolord;'..rdd;
dstualctrtuitln conformitatecu programaOonicf p*tro hiiiililt
supuiortghniogi dertinatutilizlrii tn-crnu rurnir,.tiirot6 fiJ;i;6
studurl-din anulI,gtr roatospeiarizhitede ia u.T.M. *ouremir.fi
tor,.1ufo{ *. ;toredin diverralrrsc i"**ru il-bbli;;,id,
flTt_"::"
0 partedin proble,.rq pfopuso 'n;
drrt de autori.
,-r-.'l'

r'' .
,llcdtuitari: conf. unlv, Profir Bardafchi t, ,
prof. univ" dr. !ab. Mihai Vladlmlr '; , , ,,
prof. univ. dr. Mihai Mariooiuo
'!'i'atlut:ere
din lhnbarnsd;prof. univ. dr. Nicolas Surbulsa

Reuactarrcspowabil;prof. univ. dr, Ion Samud

a u.T.[I.. l9f?
 1- t,&rlJs cprsnnvllrt rupuIJouIJuI$r ENERcTET

&e6i1e conrarvf,rll ener6le , lopuleulul, noncntulut oLacticr

ql altor oErlol rialoe eint lcgi fun<larlental ala nstur^r.

1.1. Lregea coneervlrll topulsulul

Se nuoepte iopule, aeu canfitate de olgeara a punct.ului oa.

tcrlal( parti.dulci ) uA.rioea flalcE ve borialI lunerlc egall cu
produsul dintre &asa partlcuiei qi vlteaa el , adied p-,t.tt,.
Viteaa varlaflci. .inpulaului particul,ei este.egall cu forfa ce. .
ecfloncarl aoupra .eetelat jB _ F
aT--r'' t1)
loeaetSl eoualte reprealrt[ cxpreeia mstenablcil a leglt a doua
t lul Fs[ton. Dqc[ asupra pubctulul natcnial ooocooltoot sctl-
oneaz|l attevs torfe atuucl, Lo odnforoitEte cu ,,riDclpiul lode-
pcodcnlcl acftuall lorlelor, Ln legea R dous a t uI flewtoo ?
ac conaldcrl ca rcrultantr tuturor forfelor. Din (1 1 ee obeorvl
o[ daat rcrulteata tuturor forlclor ce acflou rz{ eeupra parUt-
culol e6t egull cu'aero atulol tnpulaul psril,OuLl estc o of,rtma
oonstaatI
n :
P- corr-st. (z)
&tprcata (2) reprealntll lcgea cotserv[rll lnpuleulul. partl.cu].el.

oa tnt.ractioneazE intrc clc, Irncult gl cu corpurllc ortrrloam.

tror$elG dc lateraoltulc dintrc punoUelc natertale cc eparflp el-
atcr lul ls voo lotc ou fiC't forfe tatcrae), Lar tortrlr dc ln.
tcracfiunc dlntrc punctoie mstcrlalt als aletenulul gi corpurllr
crpcrloarc ti (torgc crternc)i Von ecrla ccualh El?clrtt
(lcgca "
.3o,rq a .Iut l{crton) DGotru fiecaro punct naterlel crr i.n.-
puleul Pr , urdc L ta valorl" Cp le 1 pfnf Ia n ( [- 1, I,
t
,r...rtl).
#=
F=fi,ni,+. . - *{*, +F,,
- i t ? / P + - + t '
1"'+{ur+ Frr
??={r,r+f*,r

#; r;,'i;,'*''''Ti,o'
o,n l t
Iuslulltod aceEte ecuatii obtineo:

$u
#(ffnE*:".*Tn)=[*F,*,.,;F )
fntruclt suma vcctorlali s tuturor forfclor iltclncr oqotorl
Iegli e treia a lul [e*toa, cete cgrl[ ou lcro. ta (l) sooetce
n,r llgureaz[. Ecua]k l) poate f! prcaontrtd. sub fornr;

'f 4F= F'.

crt t'
(4)
.in{E cu Ye s-8 rot.t suoa tuturtn lopulaurllor prrttculelot
ce conetibule aiatcuul! + :L +

+ P*=ftR, .+ nr-r (5)

Pc, ae oqrc,.b. luptrteur aletcnurul , ,." F* Ed c6to
rsrultaDta fortclot axter0a.
Irpularrl siatooulul porte f,l preaoatat aub forqi dc;rodqa
Iubi'e iirasralstsnulul M = E mi 1l vltcrq acratuia t o i
un increg, adici
_' _F
R' l'l.S . (6)
rlaslerrs (5) ec prrrte ecrl o I
mf"=
1*r4', (?)
de urde =fi?tni$i.
Se (8)
iiltse, sonfor-n definifioil poate f,l sqrlsL aub forua:
f,=i+: tiw4#;#ftf wt-, (e)
C e . r n r l e u r n e a z { r + - }
E, * fr$ +niEttd6fist.
ooqeuaora iofrr. poarc fi dcrololnqrl iltr unalros""rjnli"**
derenter r.oroula (10) trebutr el fte'varrbltl pcrtnr or.loc als *
teiri de punatc aaterlrlo, laqilugiv palbrii sl,stooul toroat dlatr-un
pirocb rbtrlal. Bvtdclb, Ln roeat crr li errdl rrninc sunal ua
ulngur brrocn. de erenplu prtroul . adlcil Eo=Ea qt M-,ht1 r
Aerfet, dia (,10) rctultl cI OAffit . O.
Din ecest uotl-r i
I
il=#4+n$ ('l'l )
lEttel detinlt t- reprctlrtI rasa v6oto6n. I ocstrulul dr oer
si ( centfirlul d 6 ilaeffta ) rl srFf;;itrfff[:
0osforo .11) coordonat,.1. "Iiffit da nacf, Bu!! Oetc- allrtr
de l< rul6lar
""=# ntri; t/.* #t, no,y,; (re;
$.=.lfir'r,r,.
*
 ,Coufort (9) gf (rl't)r'vttcza eietenulul to eoiacide cu vitera
oentrului de roael al. acestuiarllr lnpulsul- eu lnpuleuI oedtrrl.*
1u1 do argl.. Dec' (4) reprezittii ecualle nlqclrl3 csntr'r'!-ul de
nasf, aI aletcnulul dc prrtlcule, cere trnpreunl ou (6) p-att
ttr prczentetl eub toloa,
I ,* #.= H* = |uld'.=
E ({r)
uldo (Ic rrtr rocaleratlr cettru- t dc rtrl el elstonulul.
lqadarr aeltrul dc rrgl el alateuului ce partlculc efeot.raarl
o nlqcare de tranelafle ca ua puDot Baterial a clrul nasA eete
egr1l cu uaea latrcgului slsten pl aeupra carula aclloneaz5 rezrr,
ltanta lorlclor Gxr,erlolre aD,ll.otte ststenulul. Eoua?la (1_!) tp^
glngftJlgsfi!_lgJ'amentelt e dfnanrclr nrlolrtf de trirelefd
r ptgteroulul de paitlcule (a cor?ulul)_.U.n (.ll) rc obccrvl cl
rr..ol fGrultDta forlelor ertcrloare eate cgall cu reror atuncl
aLateuul de punctp naterl,elc este lacble (tcola )r 1ar lnprrleul
'
Iul rlnflc colstent Il tl&Dr
_

For.ourr
t.*l ""n,"*.ig;" "k;l*, leulur"r"rjll]
Iul de Prltlaulc.lgig-sgggrjdrlt lu*leg!g|_ reaultl dln pro-

#ta Deralell a rlatcnulul, lachlg n3 trebule sL ag rlefringil reupr.r

prgprlctl?llor: ttd e alstelnulul gl leglloi dc.nl?cqre aLe
fgBstula.Leg"r colscrvlrtl lnpulaulu!, ecte ye1qblll l,eDtru rl.r-
tooc tnchtac (lzoletc)rlostrtX Lcga portc ti sattsflcutl perfl*
aI 71 ia srrul siatcrclor aelrsbtec rau aclzolate.Dac[ arrmatu-
tutor totr?clor ortcrl,olte Gc acfloteaaf, aariprr alstcnulul Fi o
rnuoitl dltoo?lc catc r6rll cu rcloratu[cl lupulaul pc eeeertl
dlrccfl'c 66te oo!rt!!t ta tlup.oln legea ooneervrrl,l trpurculul
rclultl el luprSrul eate tlaurr rilotrll dc trrasle!1e.

Inprrtrrrl coraulul (atetcnulut do perttcule) fltrd algun

llgalrtl Ce treaalcflc a eocstuLr, !u poltc eervt qt mfturl
_Ilifqllef LlglLTl.tgf !9_f_9I*!9_rtg-nlg-c_grgr_Drept__ualca_n{quql
a dtterltelor forne dc aljeerr Bervegte ulrtnea ftrlci nrrmiti[ ,.
eDorti6.
_-_
 Pentnr csracterizarea cantltatlv& a di.ferltelor toluo de nlicar
re studlqte lu f,lctcr ee l,$troduc fo]me reepcetive de e[ergier
iecanic!',laternr.releotronagaetlcr etc. [c von llnlla la gtudlul
eoergtel necgalce.
vgrlafla ntgc{rit uesanlco {i prllt v,g::''rarc1l
eaer61el corgulul
Blu ! partlculel are loe cg fclulttt sl later
rac|lunli ace.iel pa!"tcute cu aLte partleul"c.
caracterigtlca carrLi'ratlvE a varlaflei energlel eate luorul.
LucruL Gi.:rnenta! este defiait prin f,oraular

F dA = (F dn, (trL
La care (t d; ) eete produsul scalar al vectorllor tor|[
F
gi deplaoare ereoentarr df a puneturul d6 sprr,o'Fe a acesterr.
tn 8I luerul !e expriuA ln JoulX t|l ,
I,ucrul etectuat Lu uattatea e.-tfrp 8o nu[cltB putere. Dl*
cI deptasar"" d? reb efcctuatt lo tripur ctt ,"..riliG"r""
eece e6aII cu ^

irnde
-
;_; r= #= (frir)=(r r), (16)
U=
f,f sste rritcla parUiculel,
tn eiput .ea ae exprlnll fn
I/S ,
unltatea I/s 6e nunc?rc *"ti6rtr1 , lV* lUS.
f,ucrul efeotust pe o porfruae arblirarl r tr.,ieotorler cur
prinr i tntre punctele date de retelc veotolrc d
il f , cetc
egal cu sunie tuturor lucturllor elencnterc, eteotuete cl fcrul*.
ta* aI acesrel derlqsl*1 t t

in*ucrt
ruerur
". J;"!#,=r.h"{ :l}*-" n""}.*ln:i,-
nentqro ele tral.cctorlei, edlcl pe srulto etlrl, relu[tl cI ln
eaz gencfal lucrul deplnde d.e nodul ln cere varigzl
stlrfr .
orl.ce vartlt* a ettrtt rc luneltc ppoc?. o"or, in "ri-i.""""a,
luerul- est6 frdofl de pFoees.Ou "iI. ogvlatcrlucltrl
Gfccturt.:
tr.a deglararae pcrtlculci drplndc dc foror trrlactorlal !c.!tolt.
i'ocugl erletl fort. rr crror ruonr cltc dtcmtnrt
atrsrr de po-
tlftile lnlfta- I ql ftnalt alc partleuletrlrr totor ttilector!._
el nu lnfluenlearl qauprr vrlortl lucrulul.
..st.tel de torla 6c tunrdc cooacrvatlvc. toate eelclrlto
-
rtat forle TGq.oljllllllll! I,uenrl f@+ir coDrervrri{G dcplrda
n',llaslde porllttle ifii?ialf, 6t ll-rll elc pertldrrl,l ?l cttc
CFtirel.6rt de fortult
 2

f,\racrla
*(r)""."i;"t"(T.1,1I;"1,f;];
*tl,l;,,.
"",::l
regte glrerEla po .ntlald. E acesteea. Ea fntotdear-
6 srrl esltfi..
cafla eaer6lel dc lnteracllune dl.rr.re partlculo.Dln
(,tg) 86 6b*
tcrvr' cl luc.rr forferor ooaeervatrv. i"a"ti"""o;
""t"'a*"a cu
varli?ra dc energle potenfiall a partleursr rr deprae"r], "l
'S*D!r-:g--p-czlttc lq al-!_q_o
rra depl Faree qarrlculei-.*DG o trllacto*
rle faobiel lucrul forfelon
este nulp ueoarece i";;;;r.
n""rgrr*
s r n n a t i lc o r n ord r
$ (f.J? )= A (19)
lc.csto ftrad coa{;g$e golacrvoaag a ;!gg!g}g1.
bergl" pffi rcercapt unttf,fl , or gt
_
}uc.rl. &c'gla poteafralf, r paftrcurel ca funefle
de raza yse-
t lre r puactulul dta epcflu deptlde
de trel coodonate I,Ur! *
oootdoattcle ratel vectoerc.g-a deooaetr,
i cll d. ..[ funcfla
u(x,y'I) t"t"'i"itl-l't,-"r conpooentele
rorlei
^!-9 =
ce Rcgr'ODeaar,
aaupra pertloulel tn puncutrl cu rsza ." :.toare ?
alat date de forgnuleler

",k;ffi;,,l*;ffi;"*hffii,,Iil
1:".:,: tlilji el cselltrfllor (2o) nsurerrr derrvetelo partr-
:,it:11
rle._are (,t[I,",I, ta raport cu verlabllelg f,!rX .ta natene-

:i:i,ru"f-.il1:f
atnbolul 6red*.*
lfr1",;;a;:::-:.
ii'_il"I[#;""ft r"jioi;rtn ro'! vcato"t*i-"s"'i{rr"
ro lcrlu agtfcl_r
taoI
Fl
F=_VU=_ gead,U., (z,t)
Itmgee etealte esupra unltoarct i*f"uf"*tlfl ttportratc.
fe_lergta porenfhll cc eusi o nlrlne
|cf conetentf, atuacl
rorrr r'E'oe nescblnbatf,, deoereoccrlculur -u-."", el Be reduce r.a dl*
". c.e:Et or pot iajt rl e. *ri ;;;;;lr.
l:::rlt:r" 19, ".,
este deterolDarl lD nod ncurevoc ou eproxtn.gr..;;;
;;;;;""r.
rccsrGt c-onstaatsDu noqtncf tablo*
:,*1::::: :l f:.-"ulTercr
""::T"?ludt tortrfotr. De obloet ooastenre arbltrrrf,
: sG ,te*
Es rarrcr ol veroarer cacrgr.cl potG4trle r uael particure
radc-
lann* dc li gurge l" ,or;i-"r-;-;r:;i':;;:"".
**:::.t" '.
!r'D (aU u'caar r roltr ooascrvrtlvr
ic eelroncrzr aaupre prr*
tlulct ?t enrgle Dotctttrll
*r-"i *nrndl auqat de eoc:drne _
 rltuatl prrtlcula'Deoa-'
tele puactulut din apallu i'n cere eete
u'! vsctor forfl
rece fl.ecl.'rl punct aI spaftulut tl corcapunds
blnedeteronlnatrvalorllctorfolf'ntoatcpunctclcolractcr:ltcl'
lcolt crr
rl proprietlltlc rlnftulul 9c tnconJoerl per'ttcule'tn
cme partlctli.
;;;;" "t ""te aat'"n clop potea'flal de lorfe tr
ir "" rtq"f.
^udi'fiu de 'rxlatcDtl r ctapulul lntau|la1 da torfr
crtt dttl dc gxPresta ('19).
be dla potenlialt a unei partlculc.rldlelte Ie tnllllnee
L u" il'";;;";;;;-illntrrlur u"lu l1*g{,';qr."o31sta unlg-''- ' '
& eatc
nesort defor'..,atielastlc aviod cons-anta elastlof,
-lrJ"o
"'- E.f . unde
ll- Cc egte dEforoerea'
. oq*rry eate cnergli cere este nreu-
E""Lr"
ra nlqcf,ril er necaiiilfrFl@lrl cu lucnll-qtcqtuaq de-prrr'
'l tn ?' Vo grtodl'
ticull la nlqcarea sa dln Bod!tra Bodllr
co !' d;el rsctl-
energia cl.neticl a ulcl Drrtloulc ds nraf,;t
ou vlterr f . Iruor,ul cteoturt dc perttcutl 1r dilrrrrrc'
rUti

' (ee)

Itlrlnea G q!: reprcrlntl encrgh ohotlol r p"rtlculel'

ca u! glatoa dc prrt$'
oric, elctcnenecrDi6 DO*to tl r9Br6!G!tet
Ddn rcctt Dotlv encrfu alretlol S
cule (puncte naterlalc).
clactlco
a slstcnulul nect.nlc eete egell Gu aum' sDcrgtlloD
"t"-i"*"tot celorN pertlpulr or fonerrl eocrt rtrtclt
q '=f ![!.*., ( at)
l-f- t'
rualc *tlr lt t rtat relr tl "i["t" prrtlcurrt f, '
Aqrierr ta.rt1r ats.ttol | '1,!tqrulul "t' ttt drDlln Co'
pru'
terulnetl ae velorttc nleclor 1l rrltcaelnr dc nl;orrc rlc
cortttttulfi!. Il tlu deplade de nodul ta errs
"a"ro" nrtafirla
ptrftlc GorpotritiS.rl.G ltltesulul dlt ru olgltrt tttoralO rcq$s*
ct lver
Acerctl :aclurtc so F6atG l6nulr retlclr *r cualll
ui vitcra V
e i i:dg d6 elegdrta
tl trl'dG mlertafl.
Li deducerea fot*fuicldr (?!) fl (A!) t-. p!.lultue cl ntlcrrca
j orl Gohitlatl
be efcttrc.$ ln et,;tpnul lnerfir.l ttc r"ct'littr
i rpltcerce L811or lul lertonr lotult lr
d, *r li lott I 'potttltll
*
fi
fi, f,.
n
[:
Fi
FJ
E
 dlfcrtte aletene laer|la'e de refcrtalr cc ac utgcr unur rn re-
Dort cq rltul, valortle vitezei 0; "r" parttoulci i "toa *r"_
rlte 7t priD urrero, cacrgla c .rctlcl
r ct gt cncr-gtr cllettol
-]io."""
' btrc$rlul cls-e.o au eirat aceleagl. cu elti "";t;;;;
olcrglcl cl|letice I alatenulul, Ce1.-nde de
alcgercr sl.tcqulul
dr nlcrtatlrrdlcl c!t. o ntrrirne relattvl.

?t' pot$thll crrc'pot sf, lc tr'.rsrorue una tn

rrtr ql, de asc-
rcDaa, la rltc tor.IEc de energie (aeneeaaice).
'-
nel4lile centl.tafi.ve dlntre energlile.ctnetlce
fl pore!?1*
uuturlt ata rceatorr sirt drtc de tescr
:::-1I:f11":"" noeratc.. locastl lG6o r! enur?I aetietr
:::,"i1*t.cn3rttcr
el gc traaetonne
3r
l- eltcle.lAal crnttt.t.r -,t +Ar.-.rr -r-ff

llj-"jl3l_":.rlop.-rsti.i
tl:fi.*b ::,T::.;-r!,, dffi; E rffiTiJieu
'D"crtlc pote$trlc
or-;"iiiiil ":* crce*,*". iltll_
e:tefr.olrc nunrte strttop.fe. pGlta.u l D! oo!*
locr.taryoo raaltle ,,a "t".J, ara
llg.^a" fl Drrtleulo tl u_
tlol de coudlftrl. vr't'rf!'r GlGrg'.t a1!tlca r prrtlcr,,cl
tl prczcatrtl t ort,
to lclrg urnltorr

.!.!Ilr!tlv
**"$:.:g].",,
=*F:,:ii;'"*:*;5[ll
lccoaaclvatlvi co .o?io!.r". "",rpr"
;;;;;;- i,
brrjlr crDerlcl T a btrcsulur ai-rci ;";;-;;;-i,.
'!'t*'.ror'olrctioe "_.
rre tutuor Jcror r{ o;;i;.;r-loi"rrr*"

(lt_
rlcGrnrl rtrr vrq[r]tr cl- iltrrun lntcr

p;Ri'. ffi i*r:irii#irlj,

'rl "r.,
r
totrl qtrcttut dc toatc t;+"ri1i"";;;"-;'i*r"".r*
'"*l'.1]r;
itr eco,rt
lrrodf- '.Jili il li"Ir, uo_
t.!t&rf U |u11
. .l$dJ|.,rl r:.rlq lftrllet do rlap
rr cour
r--.-all E(E:-'aA)=
dla nerttr
dA' - dU.
rlrcepti I ccu41ct (il) rcplcuntt
dA (r; o- )i ctcoiirri tu"'rJ"r"., rorrfela,
l1i'rt-to1r'
tlw. Dcct, ccuapr (a+;-",
!.Gotr!.rer-
IrottG !cr{.. ""b ;;;;,
!'r d T +d i l i d A <*..1 ,^,,

9
 undt E= T* tl eatc eaerglr uecanlcl totald q eiete&ulul atudlr
at,Dec!, siste&rrl necanic se atl.I tn condifll lnvoriabi.le f,a
tlnp.adlcl dacll slstenul cete oouecrvatlvlrtulcl lucml cfectu-
at *e torfelo scconecrrratlve aete egal crr tero ( d.ACr...l .0 . ).
slgjlcnul nacal-jle peflcul: qe,,nHct
f,i:rtele txtGrsp d.g lltsrlqttupc din3rc part.tculq s+ntlgascrv.t
ttv?.1a: {qrtele cxternc., eta!_ f,llttogarg Al cgaeoryattvc. fcn-
tru un astfcl dc gl,stcn
E =T* L. =CorSt, (26)
adlcl er,ergla pecaatc6 totall c slstcnul,ul eoascrvstlv cgtc
invar'jeutl l- ttnp.
Energla potenflaltr tl poote tl prorcatrtll sub fortq:
[= Lliat [,for G?)
:l ilnrie Utr. cste energlt potcofiall de lnteraofluac d-In1 ,, ptr,
i.
ulculcle eist+urrlult ll+rcste cnerglr potcullall a sleteuului
in cLopul ctterlor. Dc3g|*g_leQ_: :prlul lcgcr coassrvlrll cn?*
Ea cate yalablll.tt partlculrrrpcatru alateuul
i
l
Slg_g3Jg3lgg.
)orrB6rv8t1v lncble, pcDtru eletonul eaupaa elrulr nu ac]loncer
lE forfc cltcrlolr3nlrr torf.cle trntcrlosrc etnt ,:onacrvlttvc,
l DacE asupr'a elatctului
(crtrrloars pqu lnterloarc).
rollOncerl lorfc rconbclvatlv.
atuacl clorgtr eleteuulur. varlorl
sl crrjtcrcr ol (varla!!a)_9ggc-_g6ql!'.9u luorrrl eoclto! totta

E.- E,=ltr.") , (aa;

lael caergic ueearttcl r rtstcsulul dc pgrttcule trcptrt
ee nicqorclrl drtorlttr traneforadrlt. cl ln tltc toruo dc oac-
rgie (ncmeconicc), atuaQl un attfcl dr llrton sc luts.?tc
d151gq.b1V.tarproceeul d6 tftnefotrocrr e. cncrglol sc lueeetc
pl.oce! dr <llelpatlc (diturle) s encrglel.
ls6eq aonrervlrlt rrrer'611 relrrltl dln onogcnltatea tlu-
pul,-i, adlol dll ctr'ctrla ln raport cu transtorbolca deplasE-
rii tnceputu)',i dr oltLrt a ttnpulrri t.ot.+t' , lagca oon-
aer'sdrl.1 91 trirnrfororlr'll cler.glel. ar-. o teralflcalle ttlolo*
1'f i pr:ofuudl, fa cotrfi,rn[ *oelent uaul dln frtnctltilh dd
brr* al e riaterlcllpnului dlal*otlc potrlvlt e6rula ulqcarea
eei,e o pr.oprletatetnJ"enul ; oer-,tfai.ft au poat ft crertF
qi erte indl gtructibillred trrruai F tr.anEfornl tliltr+6 foral
l n a l . te ,
 Fo baca le6tt ooarerv&.it ener6iel stecalalee a slrtnului
'ooaservatlv
l,ncbls re poatc atudla problena ecblllbnrlul .nul
estfer de sraten- glctcnul de F:.:tlsure se
ert6 rn ccblrrbru
dacd eI poatc tl rcot dla aceaeti etere mrnal ea ;r&err
I uDef,
acltunl crterloare, gtarea ds cchJ tb r.u tre
Duregte gtqbll[ deoh
o utrcf, ecfrune crtGrloara Bsuprq eretenurul proloae{
o dae ..r",
'rlaftc a strrlt ac6stur.s" in carul scclta r.r srsteu apar fcr:fe
.llter-Loc$ care tlnd sI readucE ietemul La etarca lntftalI"
Bt3ya de eotrillbru Fc Dr&lrte lletalijji. alaci la o foale ntcf
rcltunc exterloeri erste'ur r"u" ""sn;G eecastd etar,e. ta etp.
res de cchtltbru gtsbll cnargla potenflald
s slsteourul fachlg
cete Dlnllod, lar lr 6tarea, de eehillbru Lnetsbrl-trexlnd.
oalel
bat' etablle elcrl a etsterourul lrl corcrpunde ci.nrn.,l
abeorrrt er.
. cnerglat potenflal.e.
. Benarclu c[ leglle contcrvdrll eaerglel ql inpuleulul ee
senlfectl gregraot !,n cerul ci.ocllril co. purllo. . ClocDtrllc
Bot !1 atf.t claetlcc oi,t gl n6eloetlce. i,a ""ar,t "tocot"tf
perfcct clactr'oc eaergla ctactlcr totela
a.rpa "io".ni-.-"-t"
.rceeeg{ ce gl lnal.ntc de clocntrc. ia oeeu1 cJocul.rtl totnl
neelastlce (pleatfcc) au loc pterdert de energlc
c!.aetlcE,
oaergla poten!1a16 a corsurllor r6nf lnd necchlubatl.
fupul^aul
totel al sLsteutur ra corecrvr tn orrcg crocnire
lte elaetleE,
flo acelaeticl

Ele pot fl claslftcatc ia felut ulultor r

'l) problcno
do calcul al lucnrlul gl puterii(rclolvaree Isr,
rc r lucc La hto3rare)g
2) problclc cu vartefla ancrgtct tlatcnrlul (rcrolverco lor rc
nduoe la celcutul lucrulul);
!) problcne ou legcr oonscrvlrll gl traneforulrll rlcrglct;
4) problcue cu varlella lnpulrulul.rlctclulul (rcrolvaica lor
t rcducc 1a tategrana rcueficl lcgll r.dour a lul ferton);
!) problcne cu lcgce ooor"rri.,ll fuapulculul;
6) problcuc da tlp nltrt dare conflr clcucntc Atn pr*ilenetc
scDtioaite rnal rutS

tl
 Pentru retqlvqroa acagtqr 'lpurl. dc problona Bs.rcoean-
.rd umrdtorrrl algorltn.
t. )* achifer,. .i. daaenul" l
?. 8e alege aisteeul de coordonatc.
l. 8 eprellntd. lonlele ce aelloacat6 oeupre ftocfuul 6$r?
al sl.etenulul ln porllj curent5,.
4, 8e anal.lzeesi. cinaoterrrl lor{elor co acfl.oaaar{ (oomecnve- : '
t I v er d l r l p n + 1 v o) .
5. 8e verlticd, ceractcrul ircble aI elgteaului ft31c1 adic$
se ver.tflcd in<r,.rplrntrca
condtltt.Iot \fi**
!' I Efi1=?*rfifif=O. *
i, Se scri lcgea"vqrlagfei urdrfrit reipeoutvu u." l".g*a*d?u"o"".J
uare a mdrinti liulce .
?'8eprrrtectealdpeoxeIedccoordonateccua1t!1e1cgt1orde'
var,lafte eau de con6el'var'ca nErlnllor vectorlalo.
B. 5e rerolvl slotcnul de ccualll oblinut !n report *u sdrtgl*
19 bggugqgorrte. i t
9" 8e anqllrcari' eolufla obflnrrtl. 8e snellseasl cesurl].o er*
Lrene.
{0. 8e verlflc[ r,r.,t[fllc n6rlnllor ftrloc edutctc.
{1" 8e efeEtueaail celculul nu&orlo. :
42. Be eetlneaal plaudbllttetca tclultatulul obfir.-t.

"1.r.1 .$'robleqo nerolvqtE

'l '1. 1'f9J o loeouotlvl dc uasd tat tnoepe rlgcaroa d.e

[5t
la stafle aatfelrlncf.t vltem ci varLell dup6 Lcgea f. d' r
unde o( egte o conataatil; S - dlataata parcursE," 8[ ae caL-
culagc lucr'ul total al tuturor for'felor cc aollonear[ aaupra
loeomotlvel tn pltuelc t secundc de Ia fLr.putul rlqelrll"
n6rolvqr!-. Bchlltn dloacrul (tlg.'!). Alegeu un gleteft
r'eetaneular dc coordonets eu axr :t, orl,entatd i,n aclaul
alqc&rlt.. ln oal.!,tatc dt orl6tla alegcn prrnctut dln carc a
lnr.cgut nlpoerar jln moncntul lntllal.
L,ucrul totsl h prlncLa t accunric ..upd tnceputu!. ntqol-
r{i' fl 6

(,r)

.t
 unde F estc rszurtanta tuturor f,orfelor ee aelroncazd aruxrrf,
locoootlve!.t g - dtabarla parcuraI.
- Forla F ac deterutn; afll_lna r
le6ea a doua a lui Nerton;
Lt/ ..,o
P=Mop (2) f
uade O. eate accateqafta.
tU,- _-T--l-*f
h
rrro dellutfte o= lft'f
$-lim"rflurt .1
fnpf,rftnd cu JS ,f:rprcala pentn; o,
ia fona;

u
afc oul 0."$$., n"orr*t""cor-crafte ae obfllecrprcarar
a =o(.Jr
{'rtnd
*(lVcl =
cout dc qgl gi-Cll *rgr".il# (,t) ec scr,fc,
(r)
,[= ftr'.as = 4/fls = wr4's.
Dlstanfap"""u."Jo'i "; F"iltoa ""rH-tn"""u""" rnnt,r, "lo)
# = f '<'{3. $)
scpartrd
'"rr#rr;" ; i;i,
d.Jt.
$1 lntggrtadrBre&r *=

-"-^t+ :-.F+;
Eubetutuiu (G) lo (4)robflncu t
eous=+lt'
"r
. Gt
, .

F J t
i=;*tt '
S
zp; t.'tz+l . Un taug avlac nJre ,tvL. ogo kg gl tunslmer
9. 1r5 r ec afll pt o u*& cu acpertt6ft aottel'f""ft-'aui
dln crpetc attrul do pc uargtr.r aollicoa.
Langut f;;";; de lr,- ':
alny el clrucoc d1n noncatiJ cfno part""
ec srfral conrtr;;;'
'h dla rungloea rul. gc tulo. crectueez-x-t""tli"-*
^^_?' ct!r!! ,*-
care acftoa;aal osupDa lanfulullla
' ' ' . { ' alunccarca ionptctl
dcDcaesfi?
Xp?olvrre. gcbilln dereaul (tt6.2).
" Alcgcd etrtcnul
":oyo*!b cu sr(ele orlGrtaro la conrut de ntgca*"
:: e lanfutut.
Bfocturn cmllla t.uturof f'rteror oc lcfloncarf ao'pra 1.an]ul*r
gl 1o reprereatf,r pc deeen.
forfe ,t rtare a plrttr da lanf d.e lrrngtne
,
Lo t{:::_erte
ce attrn[i l,
U/e. - naae ualtlfll de lur.glne a lanfrrlui.

1'
 Lq al.unecatec elerseptulul de lanl JI- lucrul ofeotuat tnpot-
t't.va forfe- or de frecare vs fl
I
dA=*[..dr. (.r)
Lucrul totcl cfectuat LnBotrlva
x lorfelor de llreca:rc

A = - [{" 1*. (2)

lorfa dc fresare

tFft-rr) F,'.=
rg1{-r).9. (r)
8ub, "tulnd (l) fn (2) Er lnteg*
rtad obflacnl

i=- ryt{(r-zf.(4)
Ooeli.cleatuL de fncoare poatc fl
ar6.a deternlnat dln eondilta tnccpcrtl
alunecErii
IJsbtul Ln :Fe sd aluuece dla nornentul cirrd. forfa dc greu-
Late a p{rfil ce s-tlrn5 va-ft egald cu tor}e de f,rccarc dlatrg
e,anfurutrur
*""u,Jalce rc# l&_e,),
l:';il""*"s6 {.#,*
=#'-
lc=?fr- (r)
subet,atuld (5) la (+), obflacnr
rt** *flt?u"t)/e,
- 15I,
I [fr'f .'rZe] Fsrt&cule de masl +r4 ec rrrtgol po o traieo-
torle cl"rcular6 de relr I ou accelcrafla nornal{ care vrrtarr
in tinp dupL legea 0.- ott' , undc /, .ste o co6Bt15tl.g| sr
etqblleqecd depehdenla de tlnp a putcrll tutusgr f,orfclor.cc qo-
florreall asuprq parttculel gl veloarer nedle c aoertcL.putcrl
fu prlnele t atonndc dqr!. tncegutul gtptrll.
lrtolvarc. EchIlCn dcccnul (tlg.t). lla6ca al,ateuul dG eosr'
do$atc lcgat dr Drrtlcul! tn ulgoarc. orlentlad una dlr rrc f,a
lirngul r.azal epre oeltru.
llaup?a par.tloulei cc cfectucarl, c rlqorrc*clroulrrl aoflo*
rreard.doul lorfer tangenflrlr 91 nornar{ ( (ccntrrpctl).
I

aI
 'rorla lirr efectueard
tucrul Jl= f,.dS " Varlefla luonrlul
Sn rrnitatea da tlnp rcprcrlntl
Eiuterer nonentsn'

-.- dr Fag=
fl*,=4= F,.i-
, - -' f,'fr. (1)
dt
Prla dellrtlte
Ir
E=rnnS* (2)
6ubctututnd (A) ts (.|)rrrcnr

?nl= nt dd!c - . (r) .

tr te!! llrtard Flg. 3

$ ee glregtc din dettnlfla nccclcre$iei
centrlpote O6 gt foloalnd ctgfcle
Xrroble :l
6I.=-#- = dt,
(4)
dorradc
f=thE.
_-. (5)
Substttutnd (F) !n (l) obflncn qrprcrk dcpendeufet putrrtl
rolr[trre dc tfup;
frq - w^t2't
. 1-
(
'<
.
(6)
fntsgrtrd (e; la tlrttclc t "
ds ta O ptr& la t 9t rn$ertr$o-aut.r
ot$trncr DutGraa nodlc !a pr.l.nclc t eecunde
dupfi tnceputul niP*
89311!
'frtl' =
tt )ln rO= ,,4tht-
l' &
.
oFi ,-lr4 Ua dtao evlld nrga Ht - jo g eturccl frrl
_,^
rn ua slau trclluar ",r.,rogbi.rr-d" i" "i", a( _
:1.:1
gr -t"tltrll pc
percurglnd 16.
or.t,roatell dlatanfe f - fr cr rc oprcgtc. gI
sc dctcmltre lucrul lorfclor Oc tritare pc
-f tot dmrnul n"rru",
conrldcr{,ad c[ cocftclcit,,t a" t""""i
- Or,G-ua" """r"Ur.
Barolvare. Bchlf& dcecnul (ffS.a),
- llegan elatcnui dr eoo-
il1a:tc ou rrctc r (x') orrcnrrtc ri
roenr ;" "i;;;;;-ie f,rcc*c
portluDc ds dr'n S
$ d . luonrl totrl ctecru"t'r"potiir;-;;;:"
frlor df trrctrc cltc
 .tr.Jl^+
l*, (,r)
unde l,= -tS.,S.-r,l,icotat,, -
) lr=*fip.f' EnJt, (a)
/w

\ r
Llrrrr
Ftgrf
j,utrglnGr plsnulrtd fneltnat S ee deterlnlnE dla contldcrsn:
te cinenatlce
r=#,
uodc * cgtc vltega disoului lla punctul O' .
Aooclerafla (L poate ft detcrulnaid dln couayla nlgcfull
in lrrrgrrl ptanulul lncltaat:
twtu=ngtt'u,/.-EmgAnSa,
$)
rrerrnde L=$?O,^-Erql).
- n .,)
lucrul fnpotrlvr fortel de freoarc F.tt" p" por.|luaca orlroatqll
c*te egal eu varlafLa caergtel dlsoulul pc dcant acctor, adLel
-l " LE,
a'u tmgl.*- krt:,
d,, re f= arXe| (6)
ir.lrcrrtrrad (5) tt (6) in (!)r-rve"rr

S= nef$tua*rceost), C?'
 'lvlnd tn vodeno (r)r(a) qt (?, pcntnr lusnrl I oblrncnr
"[ = - kwX(/'.t-t44 = - o,-r]'f",-'
'
S fS*.,t?f.l o: "r: dlee A aluroc[ ffuI vrtard inltiqld
dtr vtrfut urul plau iuclln", o"r"il
*auburlnr
orrroniarr.
""o:1 "" rr*ji,l,folT"*;#:1.J"_
qrl v! puourr
fn rbor o dteta..gl oairnA
aocrrt[ dlataa][? S ? ou cc ecte egall

ecur,tdro.o::u:,.a (frg.5;.^t,
,-- .Rezolvqre'
donate ,en elrtcour dc coor-
cu axe .E tn a*"Ii
,"lottatl nr"rului orl.aontal ,Dcrslcl
ua Y t"""""1"r' puretuldcderprrntrera
;: llT::ff*lffier''
Dln euurlul problcrocl rcsultl
cI lorla de frecarc nu
oncrzr (Blaqut eetc ncted).prna acti_
rs ;;n, oderee a" t""*i,rrrnul
ff:T"ffTliJ:l';ffii1;i+";; JJ's"*ut"t"
el dercaerruno
Ilupl doaprlndere aaupra .dl,scu_
ful acfloncaltr nunal fortq
de
etrrcftc a pIa!,ntulul.
Dcoarece acectc forlc
-
lllt fo+o coaecrvqttvn retul_
tI cI slatcnul 'all6c_pA,nfltn
crtc uouservatlvradlcl
enorgie
ru1 oate coastaat!, i,n tlup.
bl.n urtqrc
8t9.5

-lE-: oEl* (1)

i\rl^dent, A[9= g aooarecc diceul18,
nu lnflueafcazE
rtt PEntltutui. egupre at6*

, 1i"s.":Ti,'fr':
.tdunr' obfraen : ff:* ffrn"r"c*"
q: ofilrlh*lll o:
.=r
Dupd
desprrndero . (2)
.r""";:;"ffnt
roa.*'i*i'x,"dr;r-i-:H':T]i';fri:;f,:'":;;.?'
11c,!i ,
ge rntgcE ualf,orn
dlecul
aca"lcl"
gl
t: #
1?
tri uoryrcutul atcrLrlrtt 5= S.r lrr t=O.
a=frE (r)
dyadar S= 0t j

s =I JT(t{-Ii-
Dln .(2) P (l) t. obfh'
(4)
rc "etrrnln! dln con4ffla dr laxlnun r
tn&ltnor trauoullDrl
fu.ncftri S(1.)
q+ =s- (u-tl)/Jftn-D,
oh (5)
da uldc J.= H l *
i Bd (5) fu (a) glah dtota{r narlll dc lbor;
Eutretit

S**=H.
a[c:'t.r!9]
- L' " t ua qnur nctcd dc oaucluc avlad xungltcr 4 9t
: O.
coigbautc claettcl l( cate euspendat (lc un ceplt il prrnctul
O 'ma pupctul O tlc ''c e[
La eal[lalt crplt ccto ua cuport
un nlc n oq"u rt de &cp! 1a1 '!r611!l'ltl nscqls gnurulul 1t
cad6'
uaxlol a gau4rlul'
s suportuLul el se dctomln' alunglrea
ale6ird axa X in dl*
Iiqzolvare, schl"tdn dcaeaul (lie'6)
""::t::t
rac$la qrtqc6rll naagonulut. tlung1ry9 AX aDarc ;t -
tn vlr$u*
ar nrgclrll nanqonulul .ll ,
tea lnorftcl, dupl cc v-! etlnge supoftul
"'
B . ir*aata lrarcurPl f+ax
ac po6tc dctctltlpa dtn coadlfk'clde:'
rtl ltbcrc a nanqciautut tn rbr*fr
forlcl do ltscarc

[*o'=7tfu' (1)

tn soest cal vlteza so detcrolnC dla

foroula: t- gt. (e)
8
Ian?oaut ac afll ln ctnpul Potsattrl
flg' at forfclor as etf,actle. 8orlcle dlait
pative ( f o r l e l e de freeare) llpecro. trltr utuartlleteruul fllic
e-.rri cLnEervatlv 9i energla nanqooulul eete eonstantf,t de u4de
1 6s r : Lt E cI
el
E!- = (r)
a-
l8
 Scaoflarer ecuaftttor (i) -(t) Lr rrporr cu AX
l' couafla coaduce le
pltrattcl:

(4)
tourfle (4) erc .rout rlotcfrt:
: ,: at,e=T[, !..fn@].
$cr3r1 -e rloua Du rrc aenalftcatte rlrtcrrricoercce coregpuadc
(5)
''.rlurut de contrect*s e rDunrl"t-Dect,
dct:.oltr deerpreet"' -. "rt"
Sruugltea sr,a"uiur ' '
o*. #[{*\@-'i -
,tSZf -9i,runglno
, I lf*.
, un
|erf
atCrnf, de ua flr erLa6tadu_ee
dc nael ,m- lr, l,,l;lr,
cu capf,tul lntertor d supfaft?;
nceel. Xrupl ce flr. - e foat ara
lenfr,I o clzut pc naal- gf, ee
detgro1ae1Dpulultottltrd!6et5ci"nt'";"r].

8r echllearl deeen],r (r_..?),

^- --!"notr""", i e66D o ax1 do
llofoof!:_ca.odef,mr t! Duriotur ds auDetrstc at lanfulut.
vor
oi.atal leaful rn porflrral cletrerrterr
lt*: dx
-;r""";:;Je oase d,a .
Conaldertrd larful onoseD voD lote . p.i1e.
de ltragtnc (dearttatcr llalarl). unltt?r
!fae1 eleueutul"l--;;-i" ,,
'
Drrnr rnf^-- E'tt ('t)
Dupl tr{crcr - tlrulut
.,---,-:^ : ."":
eleteaut ttzlc
"""f-lao! dev{ae dcecbte la dircefta
txel I. Dla ecert notlv lupulgul
rrl_
y nael_este e6cl cu ,;;;;""---
l"
tnpularluJ. l$?ulut. llhorrr eicrcnt
rl hnfulnl la rooeatul oldcrll trra_
rrlt. lorcl teprgauf '

dPo t.J'
.&ro o ;;r::'"r","o.*,,r(t)
ettaal tl c&tcrcr dc h ta[]tlcr.?C
.
.' Droercoc trafnl cedc ll,bcr, rvrr
f=,@'. {r) t
gtrtstituuc (1)
7r tll t <rl.looln;o,
aP=
Ao- b-,fE
^!IL i^-
?J$.{*ax, (4)
IttogrtDd (+) e" ra O- ptrrI ,.a {
I g{elr lqpuleul total tranenia

11-
V=
{,,z r9
G
 uer11 o =T @ [ ; * =
*'W
e[f; l.lfOl O btl' de ofet de nasl a.-f;(lt cede de ra tnll-
ftnrea fi:{,0r1 : euplafat' orizontalll a i:neL pt6cl rnaalve.gl
se ddte$.iae ir"puleul total trarsnis ptf,cti ca rruLtet rl rul-
tlplelor .:outur.l. a1e bllel, dacl Lr fleoe'c cl"ocnlre vitega
bi]el vayiaaH de t - OrB ot'|,.
!g-:."fvs\ Ecblffur dcscnul (fig.B).Alegore alstenul dq coor-
donate cu o arl tu lurgur euprafofei. orfuonta!.e a plEctt gr. al,ta
n o r : , n a l dp e e c -

3
Ito Flt. , . t ; l
i
It ,, ; f ,

i >r,
i
, Dle.8
rls,pra btlet ln & i.er.e acfloncald forfa dc rtrrcttc dlrl Drrtc,
Prninturul, noconpeDsqtl de alte lode. Dtl acea$tl cauzll 6rEtc-
r',rrl fizlc 'blla Ln rrigcare- suprafali ori,zontarrrnu eate raorati
lo fiecare Eocnire '^rre irane't*" "rn"*i4"t1tt"""i"t"
-
ja1,rilsut fp = E+ - Et * , ,.nao i--"**" olr-
r,,frul. elor,nir.ii (L - ,lrAlti ...); Pt4 - r.mpulgul f,tlcl dupl
elocrtr.ee L I fU -lnpuleutrrrliift
.ttprr.leul total trlrerlr rrylrfrlol odrortrlo rlt. c6rl
eu AF*f,nPi I .f*- 61C,)*-rn0*J Gn-4)".:, I r,ri;,-fi,f.;,
--'
' ,
"lr+ rnll n!5 ."{+...'rngji
1 r n0.., . (it'
ln purotrlr cuptrtorrr ttttrrlr bl ''"Eo3rr'r
"''-[,
t,. f,'i"Ji;; T:I"i:.:illF,rli"r
'rtde +r = lE
e [s {rty!r..., dlr orla oe,[l lorrrll
( ' l ) r r f o r r r i :'
rnD,+ rn0r. hilr r ilgt t r,rQ r.. . h["
lPr r r hr gr,.:r

20
 (r)
Ootfon crunlulul probleacl
(4)
ftatnd cont de (4) loroula (!) te rrto trrurfonre:
AP =r n { + l n l , ( t*t'*,..r tt)" yn 0f{+f?
r ( #|+yL+...*?*' ' il.
Icnf1ooIoe[u1t1ou].nclbrutleprce1ct'ob}tlutercpreril}l
o progrcal,c gconetrlcl.
tn rccetc*
Ap. ns,(l**f )- ,."t, Ir)
vitc. tr = JrJf
t:]
:.ate vltrra bllet l,r cldcrsr tlberl p,ol Ie prlor clocrl*
. 'rrfeta orllontrll a pllclt lsstvo. gubrtttutld (6) ln (g)r
obflncn: ap - ^ r[t$. tt!- .,
' '
Calculclc dau valoarca anrncrlcl 0,, = or2+y
F h

9 [:; r.tX]l !c na:rginca uaul clnrclor Denlgcat dc nral M

stau dol apirrtlvl, nasq tlcclruea fl-adt+t. [gllJttd for]r
dc trecarcral ae deto'lDc vltoza clructorulul dupl cc rnb'l
rpo*lvl vor e:iri de pc el cu acccagl vttczl ort:ootrl{ fr
f,o raport cq clnrclorqrlr 1) conooaltc.ti p) uaut dupt eltul.
la co caz vltor! clnrolonrlut va tl rel _erc At da cltc ort?
&,ezolvarc. Echlffu doacaul (t16i9). llcget aletcnul dr or-
ncoljoat cu rrclc orlsltrta tl dtrcc|le gl rcsgcctl,v
:"do""::
pc dtrccfrc rrgcrrrl ar.atcnutut rcrr.'cior-aportrvr'
lfr"c19"rar "
Dln claltrrr tor.'rl'or cc rcfloncrrr raulrra rlstcnulrrr rcrrrltr
acerle oatc i'asbre ra dlrcclre erct x ,rlpuraur sr.stcnurur
1l
lacbls cete colatalt fr ttup- rcnflonrn cl top'reru arrtcaurur
laelntc dc r elrr qrorttvlt oatc iui dcorrsco crructor.l
crr
reolgcrt. lt
P!|,l urntrc, tn canrl O
btll ciaC qtortlvll ala eor-
corltaDt dc pc clruclorrlc6ce
colscrvlr|.t tnpulaulul erc
loroa

llg.9
 (1)
u-*. *:l Gst6 yltrrr uporttvllor te ra5lort or cl4uotenrll
v - yl,ter. e!.ruclonrlut .
-ia (1 ), glatl
f=- 4 n =, t
Mfd4
a ,

tr oarul a1 dotrrr oild eportlvil pei,dc ar olrrrotor rurrl, dupl

,
altul, hi.leul elrtcculul dc tslrcacr ac conecpf,. l9r 6rr
p.rtru oraul stld'r'r rportlr r srrlt dc pc clruclol ,i|r ': dtnL' ,,:r
r rlrm po ol cgcc collcarlrll trpr _nrlEl, g .:
roitr3
+n(i+fr)* (utw)i, = o, (a)
urdc
rI
cgte "rtcrr crnroror.lur rryrcut ou aportlrro ,ra."
pc cl. taalEtc dc r rrrl prlnur Eporttv olnrolonrl cre
lr ,.u"or.
Drr (2) obtt6r '
Ivr=--Ii nT fi . A,,, .-, ; ,'
.
: _i) ,,,
I pl cc dc pe crructor r alrlt gt rl dolicr aDortlr f.Crf oor- .,
r*vrr'' lnpuraulul
. q '
-1ii,:1" (& s, ) * rurB , (+)
ut. -c vr este vltcrl clnrclorulul dupl cc r elrlt dc ac cI gt
axrortlvut rl.dotfce.Bubatttutnd (r) fe (t) rcrc,vtrd
91 ccuagtr:l;
oblht 'iL tn raport "l 0.r , 6ls1l
''
[-t, --- #,(4,t!,11!]=.
(it+h) (h +Zri)
f.
(r)
Brportul vltcrolor lc rrat[ oL Dar Sa

r0l2; 2.6.tJ pe jlrc Ec !f[L o rerp L dc naal +no=llt;

96
-oopl oate flxrt ur tun
de nael ?r"=f,f, dtn crrc ac cfeatucarl
o Lupuqalfurl fn dtrcofla gl,nelor. llrlt protcctulai, ttrs"-lo1x;g,
lar vltczr lut lntltalf, b raport cu tulul 1f,=tr@orn/6-.g; eqo
dotcru!.lo vltecr rlr e raapel hcdlat dupt lrpugcltulf,,drclr
: .
s
1) r&Dr s taot llobtl6' :
2) raapr rc.ntgel ou vlr.r! 01= 4t&.ft,1 hpugclture
r fset efscturi tr eclsol llgclrii cig
'91 n
)) raopa cc rlgcl cu vltcra rl,, ao h/4 tnpugclrur
- :
r to, ,; cfectqatl tr,ocarul opur ltgcllrtl, ,t',

Fs:o1varc. BcblfEn dctraul (l^g.10). llcgcl Gldtcrrrl

dc
eoor.'iloartr tat ,l,l cn rxg t edcrtetl tr Circcft,a gfrcfor-1f
 txr U parpeldlculell pe ?t!c,
Dcorrsoa sletcnul
llric nriopl-tuan I
ll dl,rccfla dc o.-
gcrrc catc fncbtrr
(rocasta rrlultI
tlll rncllra forfc-
ler oo rcllonealil
rtupn rlrtcnulul),
It rqrolvrnca pro-
0
blcnct pcltnr ecc-
rrtl dlr..ctlq ,rc , llg.1O
rDllol lcgor ooacu, Irll lopuhulul.
.l) ln orrut
c!10 lrnpe crr tuobtll vttcn
lllfllll r t!,!-
i otllurr.n tr raport cri Ernbtul
cra rgrrd cu vttrrr lco'turr
rrnort cc tulul. hn urnrrc; f"r". conaervf-ll, lupulaulul
fl
tr rorat ctr !! vl eorlc;
( t n , r m r + . t ? , r ) . d = t n r 0 o +( n , + m r ) t ^ ,
urdc ht, !at!
(1)
!r!! rropol -
i . ml- - Drat tuaulu i ylll_ """,
lii,ll,flitt: *o.'$"_ e'o (;fi.
,oor*
';t" inobur)iracouefir (.r)
s.orur n'hugn
.o.lo";ff"tffi;.t..t
ac coraldcrl polttivl, cdt_ol 0J"'-; ctunct .t.< o
;:j$ .Xion"orrru.,,
nlqol tl scleul oDur.6.!rul,ul , rrDpr eo

.*.f'}.1;qLtrui.jr':;t"i:ssttriiiil;:iill'";
Ar rticar, r prolcottlulul.

0e= C.+ $r, gt a.a".-ooo""."iia*r.puhulul

(t, mc '---
fone;
, + urtr',s)tt.nr!s.+e.1+
dr rudr ttr,i;;r;r; (E)
Y1r (rtlll altta\r\ - ffr(l.t li/tr,rnS
rrnftodn a JC\s
of , 0r>o , rctol **. ooltroul rl rr nt;tr
rofl.tl ll
3ql; tarr 31 o vrttt ,.i._i*.t,
!) hcr hpujclrun ". ,rroioil.i rn "-" ogur ,rarulul
r r'rrrt,r:,,roi rqot!,r=-L-Lo 'rver
i: rottt
r|r ::!:T oar cour?ta (2) -, r rlrrs
fr fol11., +-
' @t - (l';-o')+
ui; -..t1'-
T::Y)t':''
*t1++Qrr - F,*'n'-)s*
ira-r.,li<^,;;= sr)
il"ll"u" - 6,1
rrnr ae rorh;i dmii. (.,i;::_1,"{.ois
)r

2'
agi.;l ranpa co4tinul r[ ee nlpte tn aoelrll aenat SlaI ou o
uloerA sporiii

'11, :'rrtleulr I s-r ctscnlt elrstlc ou prrtleulr 2 tnoblll.

.inra egte raportrrl rrqL-or prrtlculelortdrctr clocnlDqe lccstor!
pste cestrall qi elc a-.u lrprllgtlat ln gensurl opuo. ou rcclcegl
o l b c z e.
leaoliare. 8chlffto deeenul (1i6.1'l).llegcn slstcoul d. coor*
doorbe nenigcat cr ara I orleatat{ rn Esasul nlqcbtl Dqrtlsu*
I
lol 't fnai:ite de ciooal.rc, llr arq g peqtcadicularl pc dtlcoflr
de gigcrrc. Deo;rca .6uprr prrtteulelor la dtrcofta aleL tr tu
rclloaearl,forfe ertsrt"orrc rsrultl qI ta rocestl itrocltc elstot'
rlrrl" este lachie, rdtcl iopulsut slttcnulul crtr qonstrnt lr tlrp
'l)
tur.$r,o + an1,t,o = +n10a+rr1'frr ,

-_?r
!,
.f
l1g.{1

,odu I,o , fr,, Et T, , S, sint vttcrcl. prltloulclor llrllto ;t

;:eepectir dupl oloorlre.
I.. Etdchlrar Dtll.ot rlerttcl rlerglr 'occrnlol r peltlculrlol
$u se transforcl ln eltc fonc da ersrSlc. Prln uroete

f
Io::rflile (f) lf (2) dcaoliu toltr crrurllr
h craul cioosl.rl carttll.
io clocrlm .l.rtlcl.
pertloulclc ac rl;cl il Lua6ul llalel
ce u[este qbtrcta ior ;t citra oolnoldc ou lre !C ledtol rcstorl,l
gt
r
ll

1.,.r., , S, rl aitt ooltrcarl, omptac tcrocitr orn ('l) ?l

(!) ce cooltr iccarll lndtct fI lfinlrtltrd (2) ur ('!'] (tr tneert
iirsstoi.ror:'.),_", "ofi::*fi
* &,.n[ " (r)
?.1
 Dtn (1) it (l) pent* F, T, ,avenr
il
= /tu*n^s ; (4)
Irl* = Y,*,)$";i*$"
(nr-h,)Sr,o+Am,$r,o11+n,tn^)
, $)
ln orrul drt 8,.- o 9l decl
T,= ty, -42\t,"/(wl r har) i' (6)
l* r lra,ll , lt^,-, wtl .-'
(e) .l.,ldt ol aect h,>fr*parrlcutr
lrr tnrtt v-r ooor,",1l'
b roelljl n. qi iaarrt" dc cr_6s113"ptrcu vt* . ?
3T"".: :.T
frrrr rrr r'durrl'"Doc' vn,lwto
trrgol.prrtlcula lprlne particul. ac tlto*el
e douerdupli*'"a""iil dlo (?), re re rlgcr
ln rcckTt asna ln rrrc sc ot?ol prrttoull
tatll lnellte cr
lgadar, tn accer aas ( i+iw*) parrtoulcl ao vor
:i'oc:r!o.
|ol-qfgqtq*_1g""o"r"1 '$,=- aorrspurdo eoadiftcl prob-
.:puacr"fapr*s
lomcr. urllrrtnd condlfra
l;, (o) er (7) oirfrnenr
\mt= 3
r,, rtuair*=t-*llli *q :"q:"*:::,H
Dra (5) 91 (?) rcru

ocrlrc u ll llout
;:iil:,3:",:T;
ichlob Cc vtterc.

1,3.2. probl|nd pfopuE. psttru

reloltattr
ladlvldurll

t, ta'tt Ur oorp
flo nasl n, r,
-l(f1
rr.i iooru.t'"ou
;;r;;;;ffi ?'":il'fiTrl::I
cate ollcttatl
uil.r'"
trngont k trt.
kotor*. (ttg.1e). 8d nc dr*
tcnlac lucrul racatcl lorfc
drcl tallf^iuor plraulut tnct t
.!at retc fr
,lrfngtnce betal
rccetuta catt L gl coeflet

hiTilfi"fl",fffi-*r
),
-'"%

Fts"12
25
 a[:i r.la7J un corl oLe da nasL tfi-4Eg eo rflE pc un
pl n oriront:"I ln purrctul 0 . 0orpulut I alc loprlnat vltori
uri.rontall f'= 'lrS'a/s .8!i cc dstorrils puterea nedle dczvol-
tatll d: lorla de lreoare tn tlopul alqclrll aorlrulul dacl coell*
r:ieotul de f,recrrl k or2? (1P> = -f,,ir.Xi"/1 = -lW ).

f[f;r.l:'fl un alsten eate format dln doul resorturl rcgctr

ig eertc Ai nvla{ so!.t&tal6 elqatlce Fr ?l e& :gI sc dctcr-
aise lucrul olnin crrc trebute etqoti'at paatru r tstloilc socat
sistm su LL, ( l".rn.tre 6t)t r ur& K. I.,*t. l.
Rr+ El
+[flf.fl+J I]o-e lua6ul uaui plaa tacllnet dc iraght o( .st.
ts*sit ll aoi un cor? de nrel rrt eu vlterq talflaln Q, . ooc-
ftai*ntul de trecare estc E .Cc dlate$E v-t gero'rrGc oorlrul
plnS la oprlr'a gi ce luoru v-c .fsctu! for:|e do trgoarc g aoc-
r ;E drstanlc?' qS=t/ltt15'*,rrrcarlJI rt = - *^ *7frr<*iy,l )"

llz!"S>f I,,: pe un plaa tacll.aat do ta[l]tue egall ou 4*

Er lul6irret de l0it alunee{ uE cory do uaal egal[ cu {kt . 8o
co;ar 1) energla elaettcl a co4rului la bala planu1ut tnoll.aatl
i ;) vii rsq corlrulul la bala planulul; !) dtctaafe gcroarel dc
i
c*rp pilE 1a oprll.e pc porlluneq srtsontalE. Coeflclentul da fre
i i r t r e F e t u t d r u t u l p a r c u r a e a b e a c e 1 a 9 1S l e E N l c u . 0 . 0 J .
( L,:. i.''p{i:i*r"tt.s44)i4,9};
$. JnF=3,lnls1 S"E"/(rn{t"(0r,,
}.
cf;; 1"'il6J Un corp mio.{ fncepa a{ aluncee de la ind.tftoea
f. pe rc uluc taclileu traoaitorlu lntr-un ccrc d6 n# L/Z
tr;;,'i4;" SeB!-iJird frecafee, eX se d6terrlne vlte&r corpu!.ui

Fig.{ l

?6
la punctul aL trsleotorlci (dupl deaBr{ndarer ir Ir
Jtuporf?I
ulua).( $-- *{iltr ).
? . |
71"; 99) Ua oorp nlc qluoecl La joa p3 u! uleo lnclinrt trrn-
ritorlu tatr-un rlef aortr de raal R (ft8..la). De tr ce iniilfi*
no trsbulc aI taccrpl corpul'nlgcarea pontru cr ef au ad sc

Fig. 14
desprlndl dc la uluc ta punctul euperlor al tralcctoriei i
( fi=4sR).
ap;l] U! rclobat serc pe o B1aa6 clasticll de Ie indt]tner
de '{0e. " De cttO oei lotte nlrlnll dr Brcarulo G scrobstulul De
plaall eebe oqL oars dacl,t fonfa de greutate l ecestula, dqc{ au.*
geata da llcovolene a plaeel la.egtnul statle 6rcd0e.r l.Iase
plaqel a6 va coqoldcra oegtlJablld.

Ird,icat+e. 6r reeultrt r1 elaattolt{gtt plaae- torts ee

aoflorau&. aaupre ccrobatutui din parrea plaael ve fr
lFi: rcr r
uode n e6to coDqtEet{ laBtlal !1|6s1i ! * algoetr d.e tneoo
folre ae1. tn punatul laferlor )C*I.,n, qi laportul alutrt
nt= . 9fueatr qtriol de tneovolre e plaael poate ft
#
dctcrolnftH. dlu lc6.a c6!srt"fi.!i.{ 6!a!glcl
- ' Ld *.?. (a={x.*.fHut*.1)/x.= u).
!:?^:iJ**"d
91.5{t.l6ltr Un tun de Ersf, M laccpc ed aluaecc ltbcr uE ?,
plao taolinaU neted 6u rrrBhlul ile 1r virf a( . Ctnd tunul
a par*
curs dtatan|r t ,-* toui pL oe r:iufr.t proloetllul r rburrt
tu d.lree!!a ortxontals lrlnd lapulsd
F llar trrnul E-r oprlt
27
 -
Feglijlnd
(rnpusc,rruril nasa proiactilulul.sg,
). ( t =i;;;: if.J6iffiiffi,.b'""'"*;. ee dctam{q- r..--r

'3:-F'r{09] Fe o plrci de o}er crite llber

,-- rlrl _ o btlr do rasr.
l: sr aye in sue1r tarltrnc" ir;;;-.;; ." d6*_
utac topulaul p prlott rtc btti fu urns "io"orrii.
In' -ftf
Dour
..*,liTf:;r.r5+J crruclo"",
ra"(otr.:: r- fl]""];
*qb. disrli rafrAu;11*j|^: olr
orgcr fitrt f"i""". p.
rrtrrrfi opue'' rn ootcatul etad-""cIrucloarclc t1!, tn
fi,rclro "-.u'"irrnr.t, alr
dll clr ps eclllelt r gdr
rarli pe drreoflr de olgcsre "
,;;r::::r::.t::'::n::f:*;:
o*r1{ a-r -prrtrlrr c[rucroru]
z a-coatr""g.tf"".er ta accergi
dlrecfie I tfell foof,t vtte4 lul e devealt
.,S" c6r vttorelo F
ln*f1are qrc c{rucioaretor
{ sr $", o"oi-r."" ir]ln*,
(fIrI ou) eeteH; iar oseq._tiecirul-ou cdruclor
be 141 . *
( S = -nT/(u-,^)j F"='ni lqn-n)
1,
lzl-Sil.l>S-l Doull clructolre ld
ulul dupl altul cuaceeasr
rr*crr,'"$::":":t"ff:i"ff:irtffi:l
q*' uao! dsr
,rnrerr* *r:{ ;f#"ilT1'"ff"i:*r.,:ffi":;;:l*l;'
{
rlod nrsa lleclrul clructor
irl ,"1 ," dststoilc
oeralor du'{otrrtturr., vl,tclele c6rrcl,_
_
i $.-#tm.f ;_= F"f
'rrh'ri
ih* il";:
lr,6J
. .rrn.prolc*rl rbur{rd cu r*crr S=d*;;:
rtrr eupfadu-se ta rtouf, traguc"i". *"*".;;-;.;;;*. "rplo:
*tl' ea". {6"/^ d'o trrsr oitrul rsa
rj'tetr Br"t"*ii*ul, c rbu.o.t tl scrr opue cu
trr= f5 ols.BE
"t 'o'(" "" "*"jtj".rlfr"ll
o"t"-iollr..j"7tt_t:_::l
ElL ortrc. -';.
ao r t*gnqntulut
,f4. r.sl u*. rc"r(tr.", ='4co,c;i
_
dreaprr.,eratateroalat" 3:;E^
lovegre o b*r
p,rgro*;;:"J;::iilff"ff:fir::
rdentiol "'roo o*J""_fr=tovn
rtrlel ce ur.gte .eltrelr J;;.;; 'o rul*ur
btlel0r.-rl "" dctemlnr
btte conatdcrfndctoenr.., rrtcra utttcct
ori.io" i"rr"ot ehsrtel
.-ig.*{oy, l.

2B
 15fri1.157:1 86 aa cqrcur.ele crefterea eaergtel elnetlcc
s
uoul slsteu lachie tor:nat din dou[ blle de oaee *rt, 1L ma La
ctocalrel neelgttcr, aalor, dacE lnalnte
{e gLgc ire vltesere bi-
lclor au foet {, ql ft , ( A E = - p ( t r : } r } - , u n d e t r t =\ i n * . ) ,
J ' J In,r.I*1
*

2. rI$OtB&a D8 nor.$rs .t coBPuLIrI

NIGID

2.1 . Xoltuul gl fc .oulc de barl

tn acest capltot prfn liei{ee fnfelege ul slstem de pur rp

tsrtgrlale peDtru care. dletqrfr dlntre or.tcc pergcf r de punote
rllotnc tatotdeauna aceeagl. lpsasta Lngeaool cr uu pot avea 1os
depherrt relatlve tntre tlileritele plrft oe arcEtulesc rigldul,
el dosr nlqolrl ale intreEului aosanbld cqre au nodlllc{ dlgta!_
fr dlltrc purrctels sale laterisLe.
O nlgcrre poetbll[ a rlglduLul eete qlEcarea de rotatigr io
cqc-ul c{rolr toet puactele solldulul descriu ".r"uti concentrt".
cc rlc orror qentre l! :lae-c pe o drea, tr perpcndlcularr pc pra.
Aul ceircurllor doscrlgcl numtt{ arI dr qotefle.
. lvldentr cl la tlupul at trrlor6 tuturor pulctelol oetsrl*:
rlc r1o oor?ulul eool eril ulul ql acelr;t oghf Atf r nuslt ulshl
dq. rotetlg
{q. rotetlg tn g1.pul At
1o tlopu} (tlg.,t5)r
(tlg.,l5)r
fl,;d
hpldltet.r roteflet csts ctrrcteft*
rrtl de olrlata tlrlol sgrl{ cu i,a *
$ontul dtatrr uagblul d6 rotrltc fl
tDtcryrlul dc tlap fteprcttvr aualtd
vltcre uoghlulerl ocdle dur>: 49- .
h lkltl oled At* o oblhii vt-
g6ss "rtblulerl r{
oooentanl)r

'#-:,
(rter !i.u !s-=- df . (,t) -'J-*
tt+o At 4t
Ycotorul vtterl ul3hlulul - ,
rodulul ollucr r6tc Artclrilet da
fifrruh ('l), cate orlcatrt tl tul-
gul arcl dr rotttlc lr cdrebirrade*
fc ari leglrlr uorghtululi
La mtlre* ftglalulul od tr" r
'A{
5}r{u1 ruretul 6st}1el s{i6rrrg6

nq
 dfatnala AS= t Aq unde ? eate dletaala punatulul
plnl La xa de rota?ie. - , pE"gfoa
t aceaatl .relafie cu At
trtcf"d la riuitd elnd ll
At --6 , obgraeo rei.aflc dtnt$r yr.-
tera llnlrrl vitata unghlularll
91 .ii
'r
rS= 2'tr.l ,.
DupIcun Be vadedtr frs.l!, vcctoru{ t''tr,
reclproc perpeadl0ulrrt. 6(ii".
lvi',,d tn vecere produsul vectorlalrob-
|inen rehlh vectorlalil dlatre vfterc
F = [ 0 f . e ]. (t)
lceclaraflr punotolor rtgtdu!.ul
c t;ff":""_
d6roratrern ;urut unclqrair,,
ponentele ol. n""rl ;i":SI;:J
lccelcrelta uo6hlulaiil eate
at=#=$(z-)= ?;[f '
r{rroer
E-=C!g , (4)
cl-b

|- '.
(l= = ?:lt+ 1124
- trbosrbrn
dourodrurrprrttour.re elc rtgcfuit'
r) U l t I o r a [ "" our"gr.-*rr"". n" *ojil. ,
.
Gorstrrt{, ((,rl r aoast). tl rocrt.ir, *'"ra"rrlr*iror".l
o*o . Dll (1) dg.wdt.
fitagrtnd rocaatl crprcrt.
flataO,n.ic aolt cI Qr, crt. ooDltt_
otl jr $rtgutristaa.ot tl^'i;O,
ulsbruf d. aotrflr i-Ji
. ..t t. , r,,
,. ,.,. , ."..
{l Eu.t. .,
b) vatlorn virlrblf l_- -.-___-
, .toorirrrr.
-"sLt:'r uoo"tinir-(b, ;;:S:tjirtiHltr*.
Ooorrsce {.r 6ontt
, tltrgrllcr - Jc*ct orp-rratts cu ooadl}it
*::":"ilT:lli:l-.i t ,t- ;;;_ l::sfrurrr.frrfuo,,.,
Ct.).+ (to + gt. ,., ,
,, ', (?)
C r
"t.
-d9= ardt o ttl"dt + etdt .
ll^lll3t exprealc , , : Iltcgr{Ed,
:""":.1 fi-ntadu_eeooar cI <rlo
re ql tn oonesrul t;c 6 $ rlnt oonstra-
ua$riut ae rotei,]-EJo,
olttrcpr
q=
. urJ +TLtt (8)

to
,i. ltc4loadr o[ lornulcle (5) - (B) atnt aatloglcc eu toroulelr
reapccttro peatnr qoor{oart gl vlteal e puactulul naterlal ln
llgcana:unliornll s6u ullfor! vqrlabill .ia tuugut unel drcpta.
Pr.taolprk problaol[ q dtnool,olt o!.qolrtrl de rotefle e corrpu
,
lul ri.gld tn Jurul une{ axc llrs oatc stabllheq depcndenfot dla_
tra aeracterul nlgctrrll dc rota|le a corpulut gl forlelo oa ,ctto-
ncarl re' na lulr adlcl probleD! aaa. ;gl,oi cu cen carc dI por bl -
lltetce rsrorvrrll ccuaflel lcgll a doua a lul l{eutol Je[t'u pur -
otul naterhl :au a corlrulul rt6ld ln nrgoarea de traaala|lc. r,c
gec rcepectlvl poate ft obfluuta ponalnd dc Ia legce e --,oe
a tut
f,erton apltcatr la partlculclc ce constltulc corpul rotltors F^tl
dtn rclafll caergetlce. Atcl s-a alca a doua calc
' f?a cun a-r ar{rar La. capltotul aatlrlor
ffonoufr (e+)-l I
varlatle onergiel ctngl!"e o efstendul de punc
sqLI cu su@alucrurllor elerentere .f" f*Etcr * *li"*""r" .
C" l."ttt"t, c, voluos clctcaq
tero $ de oqse a,rti . lcvete oass sr.nertere ( puactc oatlrt-
ele. 1r--eraoftooear{ totre els ou forfc ce satleta" i,"g." a trcla
r lul l{erton gL ae nuoeno tr...}e latorlo re. Aqa cuu d.ietaa}eLo
dlatre orlce Bcrechc de guucte oaterlale ale oorpu- i fn tlnpul
ulje{rll de rotaflc rEntn oeschiobatc, Be poate arltc cr, rucrul
total ql tuturor fortelor latercloare este .g$_-ggggpo,. ptT_
oarcr yglg!1!_j?!glalet olaettce a coro.ulut rtglrt ssf cgalL cu
".-" f exterloerc ca actloacerl
edtcI
';i$
, cdT
= - t ' iFr.aE
i ' l = }= .d2i, (9)
ooau f cst6 relu-I'tan-a*rorjei.or ertcrtiaro ce ac, roncacr a'upra
punctului raatcrlsl i ; d4 - deplaearca eranentarl q seesceea.
E n c r g i r a L r s t I c F a oorpulul ri61d ln nlqoaree
de iotafie poete tl caloulatl dtn foruula geoeralE
.T,- s- Arylf
unaeQ, rst vlrran"'r"i"r,f,rffil denasaAr,?li
.
dr.ntanfa acestul punct de la exa tre rotafre eete egald
_DacE
au Zt , rturcl. i,n corcapundore au (2) v!t6& ,"e"tulq
&= fr* ,
vltesa unghlulerr cste .eelret p"out-rutoat pu'otele corpulut.
Dect

vo' n6tacu T= F a^'f"r - f *tF A'+ti.*r.

,1
latfcl otergla cinetlcl a cot,.,rl,ul-rotltore ee va ex;lrlnr prlD
loruuh -r'- Xgl*
' l = T (11")
llenflondo cll a..:aat6 cxpreete oste a[slogtcl cu fo-puula
pontnr energia cluetlc{ mY* a punctulul uaterlal, nunal cll
'
tn locul vlterel, li.nlare f ftgureazl vtrteze u[6hlu1ate u)
a corpulul, lar Lo locul naael are este uleura taer]let punatulul
ueterlal f,lgureall o{rloea deflrttf, J , carc 6e lunceto
n c : a e n t d e l n e r l t e e o o r p u l u l , l a r a p o r t
. r sxa de rotafle reepectlvl.. in corespuadete c.u (10) oonentul,
de luerfle al oorpulrrl ln raport cu axe oets grl cu aueo pro-
dueelor dlntre naaele volumelo:r elementare ale aoeatula 91 pI-
trateLe dlstF"lelor lor de le axa de rotafle. Evldent, nor6a -
tul de lnerfio aL corpulul deptnde de nasa acs8tulq g{ de re -
par'' lzarea -asel fn rqport cu era de rota|le.
Sxpreola (10) reprerint[ foroule de rarl pentru calculul
uonentelor de lnerfle a1c coraurllor. Von coneldera un cxeopl,r
alnplu de epLloafle a dcsatl foroule. Von deducc f,ornula no -
nenbulul de tpertle al clltndrulul ouogen 91 naalv Ln raport cu
i BIs Beoeetricil a acestula. Von nota cu .ryn oaea clllndrulul
lar'cu'' R naaa lul. Von dlvlzi oLntrl eccgt clilndru nqslv
.r , tntr-o totatltqta dc
. : n'
u
clltadrl cu pcrefll
eubftri.. tn acoet cal
sc pocte coaaldora cl
toate partlouleLe cl-.
llsdrulul cu porofll
oubftrt se r(tl le cgl-
i'Yil lc dtsteD?e do Iq qxr
dc rotafte OO'(11g.16.).
tt l - _ - l I- _ _ L ,l Voq coasldera o1-
,'ll<::I-t-----*lf . lladrul t, ou pereftt
' aubflrl. llotIn raza
s'- \--i,
toter.ioorll a accatula
cr. 2j ,lar groelnca
peretelul cu A?1 .
foate per-tlculele accstut
119.16 elllndru ec rfl{ la

,?
F
f,

&
I
l
I ., dtetaola ?; de la axe dc rotafie. pentrg a utlllra formula
('lO) vou glal nasa Artt " c-ttaaiutirl
cu peregtt eubflrl. ,DecA
6ste detsltatea oatorlalului. lqrAV
f voluo,,l ctltnarulul,
atulcl uaaa AFri=1pAVi . volunul eate
egel cu produaur dlntt,
arle suprafefel baeel ".St fu ftg.16
J laguratr) ir roarjrr"" L
e cl,ltrdnrlutl AVi= fa65, . Ouprelefa oSi eote egall cu
erla fl . iGl de h.rnglne egall cu lur.-inea.
clrcuofcrlntol bar I
b\i '"ourtltr curnfi-.eafi?r;;;t- ;;;=;t !'='lttzto2;.
d';. L.,I*zi.aa;qi Am1.-eryna^i,.,e;i"trtdoa
9ot1?g:
lD ('f0) gt acofrad raatorii conunr. r,n afara guoer aven
Joo,= lighfl 2f a2r.
trcclnd ds Ia tneunere ll tateirare
ln ttnetete d la 0 plail Ie
Rr' '---: 'Joo,=
gllcln q .. i- . t\,
l.Ul"Jz,dt=J*fL,.* =
**pt d .
Po de altl partor osga cilladrulul 6= lrgtd. ca rcrultat,
tlq,'tnr aooentur rlc lnc-' ic aI arrradr rui"ouoge-
"";;"-;o raport
ou arr gcouctrlcll e locatula obflnen
ft \ .torlula:
Joo,=**F. (,ra)
Prl.n rcccegl .-.1: -, ," po"fi obffu.c
. foruula pcntnr none.ttul
dc lacr|lc rl utcl bllc onog ac pffni dc naall
. fi! rr rrrl R la
r|DorE u ars cc taoce pr.l,a ccntrul
cl

.oncrtulg. raorgrc.
"r J:'r=r"*"llnr* oooselG denaa,#tl,
lunsloe I tn ""pont ou .ra a" ".t"fi" ;"-;;;-";i"Tiir**
buol" gor2eadtculqr
lrs a, cstc cgal cu

c& la rottnrr eociorrjf oorAurf In raport cu altc

_Scldcnt
rotEllc noocatclg lor dc t:rgtt
:t.:. vor ayce altc valorl..
Ecleivtrca aoortel probrcnc poetc
-e fl alnpllfl.catr drcll sc utl-
if ru'rr! rcor'r rur-g ;;-.-;-;-;]
|r1c$ "]1.'n1".r.,
ll]l**-"-cntutut rtc tacrgtc el oorpulul fo ,""o"t-oo-J
'lbt'trrrrd. drol rc cn!oi?r. norcarur i" ti"ar"-ri-"""]rJa "rl
b rrporr ou lrr clrc rraocprltr s*tml "o*
o"'r""i-.i'^il1"r"a"-
ll cu.ert dc roteglc oolrlAqe{ttr
erlttrerl.
In oorca ,rndcr6 ou tomufu (,lt)
rUn orpltolul prcocdent
ran-vaotoirc a cc[trulul dc tarrl d al corjulutr crtr datl
crpreale dc

,,
 d,= # EL ^nt6 (1r)
unde 'ln= 2l,w: - ! .at. oaea oorpululi
T . ?- ratl-vactorr\r
e punctulul oqterlal [, ( voluoulul cleoeltar), ir
Voo ooasldcr? uD oory rfgfa gi "o.
*f"g"' ua slstro dc
Or'y'J ol:l-tnca tn cenrnut dc naait,
:,":::r:t" lm alt
alatcq de coordoaeto a?H*
tl voq.ale6c astfcr oa OI l,l17,,
2l-tlO&', rar arercO/- oorncldtr
(ng. iz).rrotrn
dletanta dtatro arcl.eOlo t^Qyt-ie
-;";,volunul
?L'OI,o"u O . ^"r9r"r, Dcltnr
:l::::::'^ -i -.:."'1:'"tclc r' i=x'1qt y i= ut;; lii;

3:l: ::
xlgld
ai;r,@ffi.'fr'"Jn"r"'u"';;;; il ;;**
'. rrpdrt --
"o ":1-j;_rrc af-r rcopcotlv lg_gfc ou_.

it;g' /|l "'

: '
Y -\
Jor= o*r ai
F awrr((xif+
(yl+o1) (i5)
'nf
?
Jor=F^*tz:f=!arrr(qr.1(yil.) . $?)
S? r,.^ r-r.l e"!r . a- ,.a . r r-\

i - folrui.r
voo traueforaa (16) flatad-cont dc (1?) Of dc frptul
cl cstc rtaer ;;;;:
E,twti*tn ;grder,

'54
F

tu;i*d= fo1,*lalarlyJ* nqt (1s)

Jos=f,arnr(<rr,f:i(yf)"
I
tq statenul lc ooordqnatc ou orlgiase lu ce[trul de nao[.
conforo loruulel (15)r sveo V;; #fiawtifi.
Jeoereos oaDttuL de usgl sste alea oa oa orlgldea eistenulul dc
c o o l d o n a 'L ' I, ( TQa
cooldonaL | - O O )),, rrerultl
e r u l t l cce
[ i?Aru?i.o, ^aula
^au la prote
prote
!-Altt?i.O,
'
lrr Eavr{t-"i:9. ' F^ riyj
Dcci,-f,ormul.a i18) ta fo'rus
-' * o , Eormi*i :* o.

: JoN= Jor'+ IYL*. ({9)

leeagta sate sxprala natsoattcl a teoreoel lut 8, -tuorr Eggg3:
tul de lnertlc aI corpulul la rapori cu u axI allitrar{.rie rs:
@tWgpjr:::_
port cu ar6 ce trece prl,n oentrul de naed, paralcl cu axa dat["
plue produaul dintre.. ma-? corpulut T1 .)Atrltul. .:-jrtqnt:l qfg!::
ry.
Voo trsngforna oxpresla dln prlna parte a for.mulef (9)
pntru luorul forfelor exte ioare os ac:toaeatil e$upra oolpqlul
rrsrd,, dA=Xflafi
'
Deplaaereaerenentari dE. S+a r ,{,:cl
dl=AFiEUt. + * (eaqa
ao;
Dup[ cun ae. E!le, produsul "!"fJo "f aof vacrort d 9f 6
esal:ou d"d= q6cos (dld) . Dqr .,6cas(d. e): npou(-
eatciprol.eatl3
lectorulul { po dlrccfta vcctorulul d .'Frtn
urnaro, fu,{,=Q,.tt',i.--6. ffntnd c o n t d r o e a atl
cxpreals ! produaulut ecalar pt de lornufa (?) 6rproela pentru
'-""1,[:'#i,ti6T{at- qo:lt
luoru se poqte acrle gub forng

vonaora *-
F 2t*Pr-F.(e.r)
M
Deoareoe c^ldt:"dV: F}np*F[
iste "iffriful eLencnter de rorefle ,
terultl ctr lucrul torfelor crtcrloaro
d"{* MdB, (22)
loeaat[ elprcelc peltnr luorul qleocltat' sI (or'?olor extentoaro
crr aoftoncar[ aeupra corpulul rdtltor catc aaaloglo[ ou rpro
ela pentru luarul elorcntdr ql t-rettil f,oe ecfioneitl aauprd
punctulut materlalr dA- Fdf . nro ioraparalla a"ceto.
doud ,.xpreeIl peatru ruc.ru, obserelliocl afulnea H in cerul

,5
 mlgclrii de rotafie s corpului JoacA rolul forgel
F to catul
olgaE.rit punctulul oatcrlat. ltErluea M a Druoegt m o n e_
n t u l f o r l e l o r e x t e r L o a r e l n r q p o r t
c u a x o d e r o t a ? I e. tlenfloalm cI noneutut
iofo",
in raport eu o axd. eot o ullrloe ecqlar6.
purerea p=
#L= MryE_=
MCU,
Str stabtl,tm nai dotalLqt senntfLcafla flrtc6
a no'eutului
ro^get. tn acear scop von doecoopune
for:1a E ""1|i*"i""ra
aupre punctul.ul oaterl^a1 ln tret eooponent
reclproc per?sndl-
curare: [u - paralela ou axa de , ,"gr",
cl.rcunfertnfet deocrleo de puactul E', --;; ;"*ii ""nur
,"t"ri"f-!r F1B - io-r*"*
tangentei
lg rcgsetd cl.rcuroferint[ ( ft6.lgl, "aie
h - l'l,ut lr* [,." . nete evldent cE prlnele
doul
oo )uoento Du pot provoca rotirea corpulul:
fo"tl *ioaiu
Eu poote
deplaoa corlut fn lungul de notafle forfa fr!, foaof
&ter Decl, cqpecitstea rorggr -axei
{ do a rotl "o"pL 6ate det r._
utaotl de cooponenra .=fo aoe6t csr prote"ire rorgei-
pe dlreolie !n {-
apqElt q (eennul ;*, *o*""puoa"
csEuluL oln{ f,or?B are aoeiapf sflrs 'eenar:.
s& gt vlteza I
u-n 91
.{g*g"aa*&..gtna noo?91doi,
*._"_lT aoostt dol, vectort
veotorl sf,nr-
elat rra 6oio.,{ opuse).
de aensur! ^*..-^\
U aetfel forqula (2,r) pentru
{lV
rlonentul f,orfelor to "*ro"i
cu axa de rotqgl6 se va
tralsorle:
M = 7 ( ? E o ) .< ' o r
tlen|lonlfi cE ?a qste dte-
fr tqnta de lgsup0rtul coo-
pooentel FXr ntal lc ara
de rotefle. AceastE distea-
I
t ?trecnatluuegtebragul
tl
t
to rlel.Eef.!uroarci
E-
--l-*-- 4-- -v' - flosqro senbnr al euoel
''r (23) dln
Frrl reprerlnall produsul :
dlntre torfl gt breful cl
luet cu esurul reapectlv.
lcuE sr poe'to rcrolvr,-,,
probleoa la caurl gl obthc
819.18
rr
F
i
l"e6oe dlnanlclt nigcdru de eotstle e unur coryr La
Jurur unel
are tlre, tn scegt ocopoubetitufla(:!1) gl (2A) fn f,orouta (9)
cosduce
ta expreata
,
d(t,ryr,r= Rt.lE ,
ooat
slnrnd cE't - "i?*lir,l*;
de uadc rezulrE ecuafi*
?f;n*o'*''
Jd!g= M
D '-
e4)
c{.t
tn coreepundere cu {4), denivata day'.rtC*, eate dccle*
ralta urshlulard,
er ,"t,
(
ffl?.g . (25)
aooaata oete legeo rundeuentald a dinqni.att ntgctrrtl <re rotalre
a corpulul rtgld in Jurt'r une!. rxe frxer prg-duaul dlntre aorne,,-
tul de inertie ar corpurul rotltor er ao"ffi

se actlosearll asupre cor?;I"l

f"""tf o"t*
fl oerJal gub qlta for.rnr,. v.,u traaecri.e expreara t:,4) Fub fpturr

voodefrnl.a.r,""ttt;:l# (e6;
n3olt6 & ooont r, 1 s l net I o ( rloentuf i,apufauf,.ii
a l ,q o r p u l u l i a r a p o r t c u B r r , l u r o r s _
t I c. .letfel obflreo couafta

Derlvata tn raoort
#=F
:flrgpilf -g nooentulul. clntlc
(27)
fafd, de axa
* ' rotatte*este
- - : - - - - _ _
aq
dq egatl ou Eooetql;ilF r sxterlodne
se.aottgnea
cr" "'rg"rEr"s*cfi;ffi"
h.r
3 rrcrtoo F,,,.^t: S;;-';;;d';;iil;"r;'lil"'r""ll_
loourrcqconoo"rtcairF; lrl ;-E;E :il;"rii""i,"r"
noneatul olnetto
olnetto L. fr*l
L.Xr*l csi' analo*to top;, ,"irip*^F',
loneDtul
ter lagea lurdaoertard c dlnanrort nlgorri.r dr f6t.tr. euu rornr
(fl) regrertntl o clprealg_rualoqgl
'- ligXf e duur s lut Urrton
rarlat eub torna AF/A=F .
Dfn (3?) .re vcdi cl rlaol
.M* O I rtubcl
L* co,cs*.' (?8)

,?
l o e s t r e z u l t a t e s t o c u [ o e c L .o- e 1 e g e e c o r g c r v f , -
r I I o o o o n t u l, u t o I n c t L ct nooentul cltrotlo aI
"l"p}] 1'1 fn raport 9r, "r" d. t*"tl.-;t

og9__994_cu_19:9'
.tvln<t in vedere defldfla noocntulul olDctlc (26) legca
oonaorvlrll (28) ee poate tr'Jnscrl,c eub forEa:
J,^: = coir-sti, (29)
lrin aoeaatl lornull ac vcdc cl decl tl tlogul rotlril varlaaf,
rlomeltul de tnerflc al. cor?ulul ( dc exeogluo. DrlE olrl.rcl stu
!4lcgorarea dtatanfcl partlculclo oorpulul ptnl la ara dc ro-
tafle, atuDcl rspoatly vl--vsrle gl vltera urghlularl a lul.
dar aatfcl -ocf,t produeut 7t"0 o[ rinl,nl coretaDt.
Lcg " fuodaoeatall r dlagoleti olgcf,rll dc rotaflc o oo!-
1 lul rl6id Ln Junrl ru6t qrc tlrc At le6ea oonaervlrll oooeatu-
Iul clnetlo au loet obftnutc Ota teorcr . varleflct energtot ct-
aetloc, carg la rlndul cl, a teet atabllltl pornlnd de Ia I rgllc
lul llertoa. renllonlu or lcgce ooaicrvlrll roncltulut clnctts sc
rcepeotll gt in ornl Eultor toaoocas cc nu fln dc occaolca acl-
tonlarls da ercuplu, tl fcnooenc ctootoc, ptoosas olcctronag-:-
tloc ctc.
Iogea ooneerwlrtl noncotulut ollctlc cata u!. db lagtlci
fiindaoentala ale netur{l. Ocrcct{r.lle tcorctl,cc au erltet ol
cccaatl lege eete h rcleflc cu cerrctenrl laotro1llc rl apeflu-
Iut, adtol ou laptul ol ta qeflu uu ertetil dtrccflt prlvllcgl- I
ate. - tost. dtre_oflllc tn eDeffu etat ldrDtlor.
Prcrcatln tabe!.ul oolparatlv el nlrlnll,or 91 tomulslor oc
osraclrrl.lsarl ntgoelor Dulstulrd. artcrl.rl gt olgcure dc
cotaflc e co- rulul rtgld.

Iccaalca . Icogaler oorTulrd r.lgld oc rs roto-

pulct.rlul netcrlrl
- -37
Do?hoaaca
tri" .,-- f: #,;r --
rcc.clerafle^ *,foo
A-J!
Ooordonatala ciiul # Trgol"tt
lecttllnll unl.forne
tr tot lt : 9. 9.f t^rt
'?tc I^o Junrl uncl rrc flrc
r t ,eltul dc rotrj!,r-, . A{
' rtil* '*oiil;- ,n.:#
r locclcralta unchluhtl e;*F=
ung$ur dc roteflc r.a casil rollrrr
rulforro
,8
 vlterq gi coordonata Ln ca-: vlteze 'rnghiulari
1 ungbiul- de ro-
rul s I lcrril roctrllaii unt- tatta lu oarul rob!.rll uulforu vs -
toro varlate r rlste
C-= O"*taxt g,2 c iDr r f't
o
: r . = i' . t + 9L8 | .' . w$, + E;,f
' L ^.r
lfasa 4,n l{oneatul do tortlo ? - 4-lmi ei
lorfa F . : llonentul forfat M.?(r ".
Fi.r) ,-
Inpuleul p' vmF t llonentul clnotlc (impuleulul; l_='Jtrl
rcgea fundanertar[ e dinaqlr legea f,unilsoestsrl a dlnamtcll ni -
o11 punotulul rnatcrlel I carll dc rc.fqfls a p, _.pulul ltgld
*
htE: F ""'$f=F , Jt=[4 aau# - tul
LogsA Ernscrv6.rtt
Irogq Eln8crvetll lupulaulut Lc6ea coaservlril r-rlnestului qi[e*
deol -lol dqca
F=O , atuaol fl' -o.st I =O , atuncl L=ConS!
ruc- ul clcoentqr aA= Fli r LuoruLcloertar dA=Mc{t,
Putereq P= F l- : P.rtereq P- Mu{
Eaergla ohettc[ T= r Enersla ctnotlcl T.
t, tt

2.2. Problene de dlaanica nigcd,rlt de rotaftc

locgtca pot f1 olaslfloote :a lclul uroltorr

I 'li probreno pertru calculul nopenturur dc tnerfle
al corpur.ul
ln bam dcfhtttol aoer .,uloi
?) pnoblenc cu lcgoa fuadaoentald e ntgolrtt tle rotafte (pno*
blcua dlrcdtt s dlaantalf conat[ tn Oeternfa"""" ,o""irurut
forft dupl aarrotcrul cuioaout Al rotatlcl, tar. problema {n.
dlrectr - ln dctcrolnarcs oaractcrr.ttolror clncnatico dupd
torlolc eu'o'outei pe llaEl aqestee ertstl
;t a trcla probleral
( mpllncntard)- detr'olaarea Eo, -rntelor de
rner,i6 are cor?u-
r'llor Dotltosfo dupl uoncntclc fofte1of Ouoogsutg
El csrqctc*
ril,atlatte olaenetlor <tc rotqfle);
1) pmbloae cu lcgce aonsc$lftl ronoDtirlul olnctlGl
-* 1) p,fq!!e-oc-{9gg*$ gl*l.1gr_ur$r'Jg9-tr-B_te1
cr!.rt6e acu al
VArtatiet et tU caruI eorpultrl lotftO*r

,9
 Sezolvarea ecotor p, bleoe Lopune respectarca uroEtoare-
Lor recomanddrlI
't. Dup[ cum se vede dla deflnt]ia (10), oooeotut de iser-
tlc aI slstenulul de corpurl eete egal cu eulna nooenlelor de
Iaerfle alo corpurllor ce f,ormeaztraca6t slaten. lloats EooD-
tele de lnerfie trebul,e s[ fle ca]culate ia raport cu aceeaql
axil <le rotafte. Pe lfngI ao( sta, oomeotul de lnerfte al cor-
pului. cu oavltdfl eate egatr, evldeit, iu nooentul ile inerfle
1 oorpulul mallv ( adiclt al oorpulul, cavltllile cllruta sint
coopletate cu eubstenfl de eceeagl dsuaLtate) olaue nonentele
de lnerfia alc oorlrurllor caro ar fl, corpletat aseste cavltltt;
2. to unele problgs ec cu.oagte nunlrul de rotafll lJ '
ale oorpul"i, eou nunlrrrl tL de rotalli. 3a unltetsa dc tlop.
Deoareoe Ia o .rotafie cor;lul 60 rote?to cP uagnut &l , evldcnt
^{ ungb. .l de rotaftd el corpulut t=lAN,'lar vlta?a ungbiu;
IarI llo n llin . Gu aJutonrt aceator fom:rle urneell trecerga Co
Ia mdrtnlle d gl n la n&{nlle clnenaticll ulgclrtt de ro-
tafre f 9I co ?
,,t. tn Droblcoelc ou legoa tundsoeaGald a dlaanlcll olg-
olrtt de rotafle corpul lotl.tor. eate lcgat lrecveot cu altc
oorpurl care efeetucarl ntgclrl d" transletie sau, dc asenesgo
re roteao. la eetfel de ocnrrl trebule sI sc arltc b llgucl
forfele c ectlonazl aeupra coqrurl.lor alateoulul gl a[ oa
ecrle lcgea reagectlvd a dbaolotl pentru tlaoaro oorlt-Iegca
a doua a lul lferton peutnr corpurtle ce.efcctuea:l olgclrl dc
trls iqtls 91 legca fuirdeoentell a llgclrtl d rotrtle e oor-
';otsac.
Durllot oo s6 ta eoitiauaror c6oqntt* 6lopiotf tr'rlulc
cooplctate ou couafttlc carre c4rrlol rclefte dtntra rccolcrstl-
itt r. ightularc pl llntarc ale oorpurtloil fotoaatl trebtrte qe
evut f,a veder'e cI deoarece flrelg carg Ioegl oorpurile tntotdga-
uBE se corelderE lnerteasiblle, ecceleralta llatarl a cotgulul
oe efectuearl o nlgcan dc traaslstl.e cgta oBII ou accelcrafLa
tangenftall o pruictelor corpulul lotltof cq oers tlnrl coatao-
tearlt. ta ooreapundere cu condlgllle probleuel cote poatbtlf
uttll:aarea ecuafltlor clncnattctl.. ta esle ilir:.irn& ss oDttae ua
aleteo Lnchle cle ecuafli, care fliod rerolvat. ec g{ccac olctnllc
clutate.

40
r
I
L
4. tn problene!.e cu 3.egea coaeervdrll
trebule tltrut
.
co.t d.e ua fai., l'portantr
ee deplaeoaed pe circuolerinfa
calcul rr1 uouentul'rl .de lnerlle
nooenbulul clnttlo
dacd ':unctur. neterlal
ranpei rotltoa*+,
gL unul aetfel
atuncl tn
de pu.uct eete
tecesar ea ee gieeasc{ vr.tcza gr rnpuraul """"*tlJ"-"Jpo"t
ru F6ntttul oare apol se lonullegre cu brqful
gt se "ofir"
rgoaentul iletlc ln raport cu Fd.lofnbi-r. Legea concervarli au-
sentulul cinetlc trsbule tcLdeartn6 ecrlaE niulal" rn si..,Eeme
laerftale de - :lerllt6, de rcgulE, Lo eisteuul de referinge fe
get cu P&ofntur'- 'not tn.aceat srgten
de *ef,eriafd( dacE riu ee
cers altul) oe recolvE gi probleneLe de olcul aX energiei
oi*
netlce sau variafl,el acegbeea

?"2.1. Froblene raiolvete

'l
.Patru blle de nasl rfl = qolry:ltecare efat flxa$e f&
.
vt,rfurtlo urcul pltrat i, Iature a=\2,,. Coaelder.iad bilele
pulocte netortale, 1ar nasa barelor ce ftrrcaall bilele negliJa-
bil' s{ ae cslcurre noEe[tul de rnerfre r,a raport
"u "i" "r-
f1.nfauul pdtrrtur,rl
31te f . csre tr6c prtnts-o bll.il,, para+
LeL cu dlagonala ptrtratulul.ce, gegte btlela
negle.. , cu aoeei
grin care trcoo xq ds rOtattc.

Eerotrverc- Bepreaettln. fl degen etsteaul

. db btle gl axa
de rotalie (fle.19). lg corgfuod.r6 cu rlcttnltta hssettutul
(10)raven t=
1: T""tt:,
d16t?Els bllcl
fla lf ,'r*." g,--*r"
de oaal ltrl delir ara
,ie rotafte.
'
_feruftA E3o, 2r=21=aeg$o =
o 9r{ -?r* &2r= a
,
llae*lo'orfclor^fllnd egalc -gc obttnu
y='|motL I J=$,t.t6'rX.ii
af+r reeJ Un dtsc da cuprri ,s
!,- -
1.,+
rarl ft-o,lnr gl gmetuc $'a lO-tu
ana gqre tlieturi dc rcre f=oro|m o
Octttot t[leturLlot oe etlfi,1lr o
otrcr.rn.ferlafil -u ecntrul tn ocntnrl
dlnculul 9l rara 2,,9o6* egat
r1g.1g

._
 dietanlate una de elta (ig.20). g6 ae calcul.eze ooostul de
llertte al dleculul La raport cu axa cg trece p:ela centrul dldr
cului perpendlcular pe pLaaul acestula.
ligrolvare. Ir...aentul de lnerfle aI dlsculut au tireturl
eate egaL cu noueotul ite toerlte al dieculul l,ntreg de ral[ R .
ninus nomentele de laerlte ale
dlgcurllor t*l.qte dio el de
raae 2 .
Xooeatul de loer{le aL dlecu-
lul l,ntre6 tn raport cu axa co t/_
t-eoe prla centrul lui cgte7;nrLf Z
|
l{asa acestut <llec 'urt.=g\.fi6X ,
uade f est denoltatea ctqrrulul.
lls.2o Agadar \= ttpPe.
Nor.DtuI de iaerlie al dlacrrrui de ralll E l,o rport cu
axa oe trece 1g dtetrnla 21 de la ceni.nrl lutr se poate Bllel
oooforo teoreoel lul- stelner 2 Jr=
tnat+ mrf- mr(o,Sel+ 2ll".
Apa cun mr. t!1* , rerult[ Tr= tr(Z\o,St+ 2l).
l{ooeDtul de lner}te
-c aI disoulul ou tllcturt
J =t ; lt" = o,stf(PL 4 ee|1o
s 9"!a| ) = 63d (o,s{- 52L 62tq\ .
Dtn
)ln tebet-sdeln"
tebel gdeln gr.{,l.tya'eg1rf.
,P,.AJ.p'eJItlf Btecrutad celcutelc,
obflneo J ' lrll,loarx1 ,wL.
tFltt -2S] O jiere uselv!, de oral u.,l?rcX gr raaf,
[: efr+r ao rotegte ta junrl aret ce trcce pr.Ln centrul c1r
confono cuetter lsl+&iv+Ctl , , uodc A.4fi!;e.-l# I
8i e. etablloascll legee de varlalle a oonoatuluf fdrgcior dc
acflonearll asupfe gf6rrt. Bl sc,calculere dqncntul lorfclor M
g 6 n t r ' r t l o p u l t t l S , , ' l, . . . . , , . i , , '.. , . . , , , . . . , , . : . :
Eezolvp-e. Voo apltca legea tua0aocatald. g dlnantctl otqcf,-
rll de rota?le 3. = M . [oocntul dc laer]lc el atcrci tl
raport cu ara cG tr6cc prla o6atrul acegtcia ,7= $ lr.PL . lcco-
lerefta aghlularl I -.
t= d3= tli+6)t - Ioocntul
jC+)
{or}elor cc ac}toncerf, aet[rr cfrrcl t"t.f *trC+ r:
frl:-o,6( af.nr.
up;tZ9l. ju ce fr -f[ trcbute apilear goborul
dc tr{,rl care
foata ce alsetucarl .1rr1gt"l[s portru a o oprl f,!,tl[pul l.bt
t
cec[ oaaa ro]ll catc repar.ttratr pc obedl gf eate agstjc,.
n- |Orfi t sitl ,r.:ldel 8: Orlu ? Coeflclcntul. da . frccarq
: 42 : '...:"
dlntle sabotul de frlnil fll obsdl eets E;<c,5,
8c:olvprg. lu aonf,otoltstc cu leEca fundamentelf, a dlnani*
cil. o1go6111 de rotafl,e
f e=M. (1)
lga cuo oasa rolll sato rcl,rtiratl po obad{, adicl toate parti-
culelc roftl ee efll Ia egale distante R d Ia sxa de rotalle,
rerultl c,^ noneotul de taerfte aI rotrl
I = nr0'. (2)
Forfa de lrsoire
cc acfloaea:.il aeupra rolll st6 ooogtanrl gi
dlD scc6t ootlv roata ao rotolte unlf,oru lscetlnit. Dln forcrul6
pctrtru vltls unghlularl {rr - t^r. + t | }ts,l,Dd coot c{ ia
oDrtre o)=o r obflnen
P ;_g&_
F =* =ioa_
"T-' ^
(.r)
t
torto da lreaare oate ta..geutl la obadl gl eete orlentat{ tn
rtns llvers rotlrlt, de acct nogrentrrlde rotai te M=-l-{..R i
trar lorla de lrecare , unde lrl eere for"fa de
fr=,:r.l
pre tule lornrll cu osro trebuie ap{sat aabotul de trlnli aprc
roatl. hln urnare,
frl=- Ka.J.R. (4)
Bubstttulo f,oruulc1.o (z) - (4) in (1)r
-R.(-*)=-rcAJR
dr urde forfa clutat[ ., Il-*mR .
lr3--8{.- {* lg,b1 hl .
'
plca tnoll.nat cu r.: ghlrrl de lq vlrt ot=45o ee
- 9. Fs un
aflil ua bloc prlanatlc dc uacl mrsor4fl )rle,at rte ua ftr tnfd-
Surst po us qrbors qasj r dc lOrnl sllhdrls{ de nas{ *r"=o,5tcgt
pl rarl [rgLfu (fig.l,l). 0oeftoleatul d6 f,recere dtatr.r
blooul prtanrttg gi pleaul
lnclllrt eatg E "otL lrlt
Idatldu-sc llber blooul prla- U
natlo tacepo el aluncoo tn Joa. e
il Ee 0rtc:rulsc gqcelerafi.r bl.o-
culul prlenattc gl vltcaa ua6bl-
ularl a grborclul pcetc tx 5r
{e le taeeputrrl nrlpe{ll.t.
e. Aeuprr bloorrlut
Eg"lg_lygr
acllorcazA fsrf a tle 6r'eut*c hr$, I.1S"?1

\1
 plaaulul tpgttnct f ,
forfa de trcoaro Fi, 91 forfr ec tenelune
4{! T . lrborclo
ac rotr:be aub aoflunca forfer dc teasruac ilt,of . oolrleo-
rlnd c[ blocul elun"cl cu acceleraflr , voo aorlc.tcgct r
1[
douq a lul ttertoD h,t - m$+il *-Ftr.f .
Frotaotlod pe exele I gl
i r obfllco tilro,: mt3St.4_FO_T,
O. -rnt,lSu6e+r.J
lorfa dc frccarr gubetltulr t!
Qr= n{-" Kril,tco5d..
p.^ee osue?tc
YnrOs tr.?(Sir'4- riCrr.)-T . (1)
Pe'trnr arbsrcrc totrtor yoo .:rrg rcgea fundancntrrl .
.
dlnanlcll algcfutt de rotatta X,-M. IooraGul dc lncnflc
al arborelu- T. torf, rcecleratla unghlularf, E-Hi,
ler nornen' I dc'rotaflc Ms ftT'- g1 . Obtlaco-
l,h*a t. dI , dc undr urocarr (2)
* rlq {:
Dacil cltmiaAn T Ota (,f) ff,-(a) glele aoccleralla bloculut
!. 1.-
natro o = ln,g(fia- r.c,.fl.)/(lqtn) | e* 4il* .
lccclrrrfh ua6blulerl r arborclut = o/R , lar vltcl
tl lournrul dr ttllp, t :oetc - t -'cd,ftiqr=ao-t
Tghlul.arl , to

Sp; f?e] Ps ul erborc ou tlilptc ds ratc R1= e3r.r i

lf
$*:orln etat tntlgurata Lr "ro"uor opuac douf, tlrc oc crr-c|lol
capctc llbcrc otot euapcadet. oor?ur.lc dc Erlc +rl,l=t*,
tl-
mln}r| (tl8.3). roocatEl dt.tlcrtlc et rrborolul y4ri'* ,
gl rc drtcrnlDo lccclcratttlc oor-
,- \.
. purl,lol $t tortrlc rlc trarluao dll
tlsrr.dml torfr dc t!oorr!. ast.
:aogllSabl.1l. r ',..
,, ,, ,
Xgrolvarl. bppr.atl tortclc co
i:

ecf loacarl rtupra corpultlor. rlr-

terulul conrldctott forfclc dr grc-
*
l:,ii#'t;"'LJq,'r:"T'+
'
?rTj .!Ytd"!r,
-tt fd.f.
etf;f+l?J.'ll.
t;, ltc cl- corput dr mal
tl ,1oacu lcoclcrltft
i{'
4
.; rtgcl

,tT 44
, t . . . , . . . . . , : ,
'', ,,': ,
tl,',
r
lrr accrapl tiqr oo'pur do nasll jnL as otgcl ln Bua cu accclcrl-
q& lar erborslo a riitegtc tn aencul hyar. tsolor dc
?la
ocaeofalc ou acocl6ralta uaghlularl C.
r'.u gsrlc in prolccflt po dlrcofla rooclcrrflllor legee
I dour r lut tcrton pc[tru llcocrc corl tn parta
r,1llf -r,,_)
hL&ttT; -n*, (1)
)
Poatnr lrborc uon ecrlc lc6ca tuadancltrrf, q dlnaolclr nlgcErll
dc rotaflc. llourentclc de rota,glc fr,l,.:lR1 gl l'11.T1R.1 eiat
oDuta or acne, dcol
J6.10,*Tr&", (2)
uttllr& rolaflllc dlntro rooelerafltlc llllare olr oorpurtlor
;1 roooltrrftr uagblultr: I erborolull
Or'0rf , Or* lr' (')
Dln eourftllc (t). (2) ti (l)1 obltacor
1. tr,,(r-o,)
= nr,(3-0rtlI
(4)
(a)h .&'"T;$"1?#l!gljtl"l-,
lubr*rurnd rc.':Isratle
W$llulrrt e I anboreluLl
t6 = 'n,(1-e,e)
[, - Hl.(tt 3't:)R1I
or,erdr
rrere e=Sffiffi*.X .
0rloulclr !u[cr|.o. oonducla f,r iftft. ou roeaetl ve]oaro
dlr tt) gtrrr alt l.?t alSL , 4lr o,st hl*, lar dln
(0) - tortrk ie.teprlr.. dla ttrr iast6,l6tt t,f=i|t\g,
'
?Ft ?.td tl ocntiut urul dtgo Otrlrottal oc .o rorerr.
ou vltcti urqhlutol trt;r 3fl tn ,1,rtrrlutrul at vsrtlcal arrc
trcor trl.l,.noentr& lul rr rtt.l uo or 6a
tl,to il olal o barl de
tuagtoc {rl. gl Ce arrl ,qrllrct .!ara ostr paracutloularl
rr. dr rotttlc fl tLJtooul cI obtldl,dr ou olr Daol onul lotc;r
?c
tr bttl rrtftl. taott er rf, ooincr.rtl du sre cG tre6a pr!,t trul
ttc rdtt?tc, tot 6htc&rr1 tnorpc rl tC rotorge{ ou vltqrt u6ghtu-
l.lf, urar 6s'' .!l sc {rt6s[tD. aoorntur do tBcrflc rl onurut
drol oolcntul {c llcrflc rl illteutul !"* ,l,a,t.nt , o ludrrt a
tlrdruer 6rhut bdhtilbtlo po$fte h6ft{ t

+5
 Rerolvaroa Dcoarccc u.rent,r forfclor cxterroarc ta raport
clr axe do rotafle a dlaculut cete nul, rcrulHl cL ooocatul
ct-
nltla rl aistcnulul dlgb-on-bari ec ooneervlr x,.r,t frdr.
Iornsntul de lnerfr'.: t cate egai ou 6qn! Eo[.Dto1ott]C l11gr.
fle at dtecului % r ql onulu! J.. gl al baret \=lint r.
rdlcr I= %t l"-+ lint. to oaaul al atotlos ooocltur dr
locrlle aI bqrcl Ln raport c- ora cc trGcc Ln lurgul
barct
ratc nul, dccl Jt. T. t to^ . lgadar, legca conacrvlrll
. .;scatulul clastlo lo torue
(r.*T** ftr1lt)rr= (l.r!.^)@L, .
llc uodc g6air noocatul dc hortt ^ aI o@ulul
I".' nla,,/Err(opto.)l-t" ; 1o-' 5ro,I'*''
Lucftr' slcctuat dc oo le acbiobarea porlftct bercl a6tc
cgal cu varlatle Gn.rElel, ohetl,cr a algtenululr
i ' +- - t#= l(r..r*)fi fi- Sne\.1
) .0.Jc[.
2.2.2. probleqs prolrugg prntru reaolvere lodlvtduall

F.'r-{
tlrate pe o barl cubftrc dc naal ncgltJablll
6s 1,,.g1-oe l;ql-
s?a our sc aratt t!,d6tonu! rtll fl.gurr Z! crb. 6tI sc detctetna
oooentul. dr_la.rltc rl rtatcnulul tl raport cu rr! pGrlraDdlc-_
larl pe bar{ 9l carc grcor prta oeFItuI ct O
ta rnUcic c6lur*t'.
Dlneoaluailc btlcloq gtrt trcguJgbltc. -C.;
[%".f 1,a.l,C,rilgr..
Is, ]^*; !c- 41,6tc6.^t7,,_-_: -,==.:

rp;+-ez.fs[ac
.j -- -itj
fi 2m
-

doternlic nonc..tul dc
9f
inerfte al uael oufc
::,;
olllaq,rlcc fn raport cu
"1"...
are ce coincrde cu "*"-f,)^F
de sltsotrle q ao6stcc!. -,)
Iaga oufci n. lrt riara
lntarloar6 Zno,&e, 2
rerr ittcrt66gi frorofr .

[y'ih.(* *\ J,J,atttJ.*J.

{5
F'
$
I
F . t
I Uo clllsdlu
I 3" ll;+-aeJ dc dlarerr'; {e o,#rr gl naea w;J*i
"
slto b contact ou ur pLsn orlroltal" B{ ee deterdlae roomsntui
de lnerflo aL ciL!.adrului ln raport cu sxa ce c! nclde cu llnla
de ct. taet cu plaoul. []= mdL; J= l,64.tri'LrX"wll,
t
:
+[flarfe] 8A ss deternlac non*ntul de inerfle qt uqel
bare subl;lr'l de lul6lnre (.za,Su ft maeA*r;, (.ir.J ln rapo,.
cu axa, pcrpendlculari pe i,aril qi oare trece prla punctul ba*
rgl sttug.t la rlietanfa (t.ot., tt d.e Iq un capdt al el.
I J = *( S - b + d);'1 - e ,to a zX '*';.--
,5[tll]gJ Dou[ bare eubltrl onogeoea AB de )_un6ioe
^
(axt4* qt maal n,z o,9t+S tf Cb dc '.uugi,fle tr=ri,6n gi uu-
s[ wfa q4xX atqt fkate oub unght drept (fi 6,?4). 86 se
ilctemine irqooitul de k.rfle al sletemulul de bare tn raport
cur ") axa OC' oe trece pllrr
capdtul. bqrei ilB peralel cu
k\ bara CD ib) axa ce trece prin
Ounctul.,1| perle.adlcular pc
planul 3a care oo afIA barelc;
e) axa G trcce Bria puactui
B pcrpeldlcular p6 planul tn
9ar''6.8c ef,14 bqrel.q.
[J"=(t wttu,jtf, !o.4ttzne
,rl
| .A: Ia" I n,ll " w,(t tt r ti1;q"=
o,iv
Ft6.?a Efr'w'jl= S+u,(l * lz^rti ;
7.=O,oIfnX,nzf
a.o'lJ ur votant ts fornfi ,lc dlsc do nas6 m*lacg
iP QL
raril fl,*orttrr 6c rot6?tc ltbor tl Juful axel ec trece piln
ccrtrul accgtul.a ou vltcal 'nghlulrrf, tlo* {,L$l . fre frtaara vo*
kntur ac oprogtc pcrtr t$t- i$[ rc d.tef,etn. &oncntur torfet
d! trgotro.
ugt.l"tU+.1;
f 1,4" l\* oftgr,/,nJ.
F i
? $rtZa] o etcr& $ltrf tr neif, ra" drg gi. lari fi-orof,rtr
sa rotc?be tn JuruL lxet 60 tra66 s*la beatrul accatels, latr-u!
purct oel nal lnacpfrtat dc ls a a dr r,btettc
aaflonearl o fortd
tangent* ie b*pfefafe sfclcLr.tla6trful de rotagra
dl efe el va.
4?
 F

rlaa[ conforn ecua]iel Q c l+ lt- tt. 8f, se detcrnlnr

valoorea fortel co actioneal[ aauora efcrcl.
f F - * , ' Q . i *, - R # 1 F = ' o , o N
l J.
a[+;rar] u.r vJieut ln f,orol de dlec de oaail tne.Soc! Ql
[: o,lm , tllnd delrlsuolt plni Ia frecvcofa ,A=ba""lsa loat
lleat llbcr. 8ub lnflucnfa forfct dc lrcoaro apltcatl tangcot
l a o b a d de I s e . o p r e g t . 6 5 . s e d e t e r n f a c f o r $ a d e f r o o a r e , c o n -
slderf,nd-o coaatantl, dacl volantul ptnl Ia oprlre a rtcotuali
{*too de rotafrt. E Br= ,tnlnP.f(tu);F5.=5ilJ.
F t

9l!i't??) Pe obada uoul d.rc onogo dc rqsl f,:orl,at q6g6

apltcat& f,orfa taogen|1a16 coeataotl F.{00tJ .Ira rotlre aaupfa
dlacului rclloncar[ forfa de frccare, nonentul clrela
lvilr= t N.wr . 8d ec deter rine Dasa dlaoulul <lacll ac gtlco
el eI ae-rotelte cu accelcrafle unghlularil ooaataotl t ' 10Of:
I m ' f 1 . FR - h { ")/(*e ); m; T ,5 r5J.
fOp;+-Zl] Un oor? la atarq do rcpaua qatc f{cut sl ec
roteaac[ Io Jurul unsl, lro orltoltels cu eJutorul uncl 6reu-
t$1, tn oldere tcgat[ Ca u$ glr tatlgurat pa rr. 8l ac dct-n-
mlnc nooentul atc tDcrftc al ooraulutl dacl greutatca de nael
m* $-q" tn tlnpul t'{li d-l ocborit "t lrolrr .8are crulul
[.$.dfdr,rr.. Ior]r d. trrcarc ac ve uegli.Ja.
I Y" *RtS- r); !=o,o9rX*{J, :
ll B; a-A+] uD volalt dc ural rrrf {5 ffxet pc o roetl dc our.r
de .ar[ faorr{*r gl uaal mr.o,ltl ; late flout eI gs rotcrdol
du o ereutaie la a[acre ac'ia$ lr5nd|Vn lcgatl dr orpf,tul
unu{ llr lnfi!.gurat pa rorta do rurrlri Pceto ott ttng eltrtc
urghtuler[ , voleatulut rr ettl6r vrlbrarq ol= lO.frir ?
3o vo ooualdcrn cf tortf rrlr volaltulut grtc Clltt"lbultlrpe,.:.;
' 1
obsdl, la dlstaate Rt q{* Ce h ere Cc tmtrtlc.
[r'(r.gr1(o,sj.+rn'}2i7(h5ta;i;ild::.-|'.;_''..-'.'
'
ra[T j7.a] Dc capcrctr u;at ttr ro.iiro"rtili'jl r,ryoaacrri,
bll..trecut prtn.f.ntul ulul dtro ftr dc aril fa,- orlt, r'atri-t
rueptDdat( ddu: aorTur:' {c nc66 +r,tz otlv| lt_,tttfF orrfri-,,,,,
Ooraurlle aa ellll la eceaapl lallftnc. Slsicoul tttaa tlratt.,,,,'',,
'tbal lncepr eil rc nigte.. feeli.Jtnc trrctrllr cc Eitl{fi
lbfcr
48
 1:."* ?1 sluaeceroq ,lr.ululr ad ae dete&nlne
dktqnlq dlntre tlupul ta oatc
cor?url yq rl
3grt cu H=5,f - .
It trtJ ; t ' /,rSsl_
1r. Un flr eubflre
- incrtcnslbll er
el cllrul -,ooelt de talEgurat pe un
laertrc i;-;:;;;.:ste ex
c - a r u a c a t p e-irr*.n:r.
ate uo'"" ip"t"' l l r a ; - K 1= o , l - * r
_.pot ;r7r:
::"1 lr o,,4 lll g:.91":lo,uo6'o
d"'

(dl
i'ti-z::.";,Y,""3#-
Jtnd to:rga de fr*qre
\fl -'
lt
::y:!gqea rl"g.,rl_eeae de.:
Lrnnlne acceleri-fii
unghtu_
lartr e axulul:
t f, =_
yj! :!9,+1o,s
nr+n11af)1
.. c, --4t{ s-t] . m3

";il,':.,
:,:"ji?:;::ll,_*J';:T::.ff tu.,:,
::-i!:i_,...";" h,r
iiil:i:ffi:#I' I il.;';; sc.ipete
".f;*.','::::'
""i'".li,*"n
i; ;;;;"1:'::lrn" rip""qi".'rrJeiiriil
.",,
::Tt'l
eorlpctelull eX sc <tetcrotr
nc dlataafr parcursit
dc cor.
" t, ?L trre ta prlnc_
llot,t ggeuadc dc
t lr
:"- llcepu_
tut el?cfuit.
Is=frffiJ,
rsft;+-+oJ Br gc
-. - - oo&oDtul
rlrc
dcrcr-
de llc:nfrJ--;;-
re1efu otrettcl r unutrolltrn_
f1-fuuu.lar dc luastmc(,;;;i;
ec sc rotcftc pc
ur
ri rat*roJJ
;; I"':Lffill;
stg.26
eht recpeetlv
?: r,j*:;;lr;;;
tUndrul de rotaftl
aLe f1ry6go1rr1.
w' lt*t/s , dedeltatcl
4g
 ti,Wl^'. I y" *f](RL zq)(,;T=2*5-i;!"1-$i-
ofelului.g: T1&5.
i,S*rL;i= t,rr.r4]
r6.P;+-27 I c" Lrr""r, trebula cfcatuet pentru nlbirl frao*
venla de rotafle a voiaotulut de naEilfi:l$Oord repartllatf, pe.
obadd,91 dlanetrul d. {,Sun, de la O plnl Ia. q:s rotafll_pe
eecusd{. trroearesee va uesrilr. I fi".ftLndtull*;fi=aJ.1l$J. ,

rZ.Fol*-+J o bar[ eubltre onogen6de lunglro C aoate ah

ee roteasc[ in Jurrul sxel orltbotala cE treoo prlnt!-ru osPf,t
al barel perpendicuLar pe Eooa6'4. Bsra filnd f,ncltnatfl gub
unghful 90o tn xaport cu poal,|la de echlltbru eatc lisatil, llbtr.
fld se det.rrlbe vttola rl q oapfitu],ut lrterlor in rnorircntul ol,nd
scesta ' rooe irln porlfla dc ech''.lbru. [ 0= JW ] .

la[o; I,a.a]Pe o barl ortuontalll r,rrpotderabllf, cets ltxetf

mufa B (punct uuterlal), legatd. ou u[ lir do Ltraglna o, dc alul
oo' , ln raport:cU cdrt alslionul ae rotegte -ou vltGs! un6htu-
l a r E constentl GJo' (fIts.2?).,
d'
trirul fllDd tllat, nufa
incepc s[ qluaccs pc bar[.8f,' ,,
oe g[eeaacE dcpendenla vlte+, :
rel unghiulare UJ1 a nuf,cl
dedletaulalC aacegtela
pf"n$ la ayul de rotallc.
[ ,* =#.,r"].
upi+-1]r..:o
-
narl
gtoot.fr : nt.Srilrp ir{craas-asou
vitore 0 - Bggr"t/j nlocregtc i-.,*,
tn punctul { (oro,5rr) at,
unui pendul ballattc ds tor:.,
atune (f15.28)r el c[rui uo- ,,
nent de tnerfle fl*Qozf rc;.nl;'
EL sa deternlne vttctt uh5!tu-
lartl, tntflal[ r pcndulululr
l]"
[ ** ##F ; trl'nEos
llg.88

to
 20 Elr"l.r]l ua dtse orlrontel do psstr
^ w gl rcrr
R poarc er, c; roteaecr ril-;;;;.e
ln Jurur rrcl v6mlca1s
'o'oc trecc prrn "*r*i ""*;;;:;" narglaca d.i culur ac a.l
ua bf:at (punot ortcrlel) dc uael hno . Inl|ial sl.ateoul cstr
ln rcpaua. ta qoncatul tro bllatul l,nccpo aI ec ulqte pc
orrstacadtaoururoonlorutogrr s=-
8l sc 6ll,sesoallvttcra ,,qghtulgrl f ;-";;";tlu
aracur.
Ar. g1 sccelc: gl.a rroghtutr.,I
E r Clscutul tn luac|tc .." tiopJT.
f'W-+m"Gt-. f -,?ryr,@
GoInTi;.fEJ. l
.(;^@n.)
ua dtso onlrooret tr rcpauo
" -l!:t?:alr[ do aast wr gi rr",,{
ec rotteaar frrl frccarc l:
-1 ^:::t" raport o". erul vortroqt
3c tracc prl.n ceatrul dc grcutatc
sl aocgtula. la dlstqala t,
dc la ar sa rtlll un oo (. uact
naterial) ds acoarfl oasl. Onul.
tnecp aI sc oigta uatforo pe clrcuoferln?{
ac .rrl Z lt tc
Ocpleeoldl cu uogblul fr"1,
i, n"oo* 0.,"" unshr
'l'e rotlor"ouii-J'rt=t*iitril2lfidt""'t.

uo dtao ortrooral sc rctegtc

-- ..aatgl+-lfJ la j :ul uaut rr
vtftlcal cu vltera uu6btulad
' &fq , rvlnd noaentul de lnorflc
Jt rn raport cu 111'r-d-e rotagle.
*-"t"-t-ii"""""u""." art <ttss
tu Boaottul dc loer$to Ta
, tn rrport cu aoelagl arl gl vltn
trl8tlulrri trJ, , p-l.anunllc dtscuritor elat Darelolc, lar s6n!rs,
-1."-1,9" - p aorcqrt U[lr vcrttc.tl. guprafale laferloartr
s'ulrfl ae oad c'to r dls_
lnreatratl oo "orgr. o.r,G sc fnpllatl
!!afa19 aqrntoarl- tn eu_
dt ;gulu{ dc .;oe t{racrl dtF urllG cs ur
tltecg. Be ecrcr o) vtlela urghfuiNrl ?t
e rlstcoulut .obflaut;
b) varlc?ta cicrglol olactlcc -t totalc a anbclol dlacurt dr
dcnca dracur
ur ai dan;;; ; i;;;; ; r,r;tl(y. ilj fi
4t#*&
F ' ' & ( l t + ! ) r '
'?pt5'7 ) ua dtao orlroare-r
_ . dc naar ht g, rer{
te;tc la vl.rtutoq tncrfi,et R. ac tro-
ou vtrtere unghlularl oJ6 .a
uDfl crc verttoale ( rirf Jurul
tn"o"i.j]-ui orn (p,,,i"t oar,erlat) dc
qae{ tlho
, iatftat afltndu-sc l!'."ot*f discului, se deplrrca-
rI ln luogul : er*i
pulrn oeraoo,,r"r'liiiJl";"oi"1ilj."artsf1seue*gter
t,
;;;til,.6flE$$i,1,
g'l
 f a
2+^15i1"??6) Uh dt6c oriroutsl ooogen dc nee& m gt
racq R ee rotegte liber ln Jurul oxutul yertie:l ce traeo
prin n. rtrutr flcsotrrl.sr in dleg eete praattcat un
di.rector naill*
al, in-lungrrl ctfura poate aI aluneco f$r[ f,recane uniborp uic
de nasil fu.o , , . Oe oorp eate legat un f,lr ugor trecut prln
axul.
:u:ur:rfajoe'{dfra1oorpu1geaflapenarglneadtsou1u1?1
tdt ai.sbenul ee rotea cu vlteza unghtulqril (A.2o
-; " '. lpol La oa_
pitul, de Joe. ei frnrLut e-a eBl.tcar to;;-
"oo-liiruou"
e' rea oarpur. a fort frcet aproptat de axul de rotafl.e. ge
eerer
e) vltera unght,riar{ a elatemului Ln gterea ftnald,; b)
lucruL
"rsotuab
derorfa F .fre.r=1t+.r*)r"",
A- trfri"tp1fJfl"
ztlli;" r + .p" o nEeufdroruodil ce ee rotegte cu vltcza uagbiu-
: [ o ; + .ra].
- - -
lard k, SS-t ea
e aflE,
a a n[ un
u n on o e . ' .'i_ae
o n ce irre ccu
r r nf,l,ni.tc
nftn{lr ttstlnse
n}{naa r^
Ia
di ;tenfa lqt 1t6rn doud,grcuttfi. omul apropllad grcutdftle
ptntr Ia dlatanla lfz o,ga vltera uagiriulsrl a etsteuulul 8-r
u[rft pfn{ Ia t,J;i 9ft. SI ae detenotae 1ucrul cfectuac-di'
laaaaileotuel srreurgi earo +n. Lrl . Uoneatul de
li: illn
tnertle rl ooulul tn raport_ ou, axi ulaufa!.
.',,r ufal ne va oo[stdert olsts8t.
I A;f ' (ei:6J
w,y)e;::,.;n,E{n}i;.
.e4,.,:.',--.!.?':e-:. .-

Cdopxrr saloc ni rqypoyOdUCIifronrr. - I. i llpocssqe-

8. - I.:

3.

d.
i,ll..:
,lr :: '

5.
6. r,t'il;,:

r7

s.
q

rypey odqail tFuanxlr.*

- l[.: fucuai Exo-
 EIJPR[.NS
L l,egile conserviiriiimpuliului mergiei
9i
l.l l,egeaconse:vf,riiimpulsuiui *, J

1.2 r-egeaconservilriieirirgiei '

j
1.3.Problemeeu legilecoaierviirii , ".f
t t
2. I',{ipai . a de rotalii a corputuirilid
2.1.Notiuni gi formulede' tA 29
,!rl
frgltrnr_ de dinamics n,;cdrii da rotagiq
-J f,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ;
Bibliografie
i,)

I,EGII,E CON$ERVAruT
iluPUrSuLUr $r ENERG{E|.'
Mr$cARE{DE RorA.atE
, A CORFULUI RIGTfi

iadrumar mebdic
. , .:. pentu lezolvoreu problemelor de
me*anicd
/
*l#tuilart; profir Bardelchi
Ilfihat yladtmtr
: Mihal hfadneiue

Redactor:$tqfen liron
+:i;::*a
Bundetipar0?.03-9f -_

Hlrtie ofsctnr.l.
Coli de ttpar 3.2f, ttpar cfset. firaj;i
" 2d;;
: Comandaff. 32.

DeparrnTg3j i9rr4.:p."irurane
fdistf. Studenlilor. J u. r.il.
r.htttnitu, I t.