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Cimentarea coloanelor
Dg
hd4
Hc
p
h
D
Dg diametrul gaurii de sonda pentru coloana de ancoraj
Di = D-2t = 444.48 mm
h = inaltimea inelului de retinere fata de siu = 20m
1. Adancimea de cimentare
Hc = Ha= 800 m
kcav = 1,2
V p Asi H a Ai h D g2 D 2 H c Di2 h k cav Ds2a D 2 H c Di4 h
4 4 4 4
45
Vp 1,2 0,62232 0,47312 800 0,44452 20 154 m3
4 4
4. Volumul fluidului de refulare
Vn k 2 Ai H h k 2 Di2 H a h
4
Vn 1.03 0.44452 800 20 124.7 m3
4
5. Cantitati de materiale
- cantitati unitare
a 1000 kg/m3
c 3150 kg/m3
v a v c 1m 3 p.c.
v a a v c c 1 pc
vc 1 v a
va 1000 1 va 3150 1 1800
2150 v a 1350
v a 0.628 m3 apa/m3 p.c.
v c 1 v a 1 0.628 0.372 m3 cim/m3 p.c.
mc v c c 0.372 3150 1172 kg cim/m3 p.c.
- cantitati totale
6. Numarul de autocontainere
M c 180.5
N ac 18.05 => N ac 18ac
M ac 10
M ac 10...12 tone
7. Numarul de agregate de cimentare
N ac 18
N agr 1 1 10agregate
2 2
8. Presiunea de pompare
46
V p Vicol
V p 154 m3
Vicol Di2 H a 0.44452 800 124.14 m3
4 4
Incepe pomparea
p p1 pc
pd 1 0
V p1 0
pc=0.012H+16 = 25.6 bar
1~[0;25.6]
Pasta de ciment ajunge la siu
Ha
n
47
n
hd3
pc
x
4
V3 V p 87.45 m3
3~[187.45;-10.58]
48
Se alege AC-350A cu caracteristicile din urmatorul tabel:
Tc Tp Td Tn
Td 15 min
V p Vn 278.7 103
Tp Tn I
1280 min
Q areal 217.6
Tc 15 1280 1295 min
49
Cimentarea coloanei intermediare 1
100150m
Ha
Hi
1. Adancimea de cimentare
kcav = 1,2
V p Asi H a Ai h D g2 D 2 H c Di2 h k cav Ds2a D 2 H c Di4 h
4 4 4 4
V p 1.2 0.374652 0.298452 1100 0.275682 20 69.75 m3
4 4
50
Densitatea pastei de ciment este inferioara valorii de 1750 kg/m 3 si o vom considera o pasta
usoara ce va fi preparata din apa, ciment si cenusa.
a. cantitati unitare
a 1000 kg/m3
c 3150 kg/m3
cenusa 1800 kg/m3
vx x
m0 v
c c
vc v a v x 1
v v v 1
c c a a x x p
[(1 m) (1 m1 )m0 ] a c x
p
( a m c ) x ( a m1 x )m0 c
x (a p m p c a c m a c )
m0
c ( a x a x m1 p a m1 c p )
m0 0.03
m0 v c c
vx
x
m0 v c c
v a 1 vc
x
m0 v c c a
vc c a vc a m0 v c c 1 p
x
m0 c a
vc ( c a m0 c ) p a
x
p a 1700 1000
vc 0.405
m0 c a 0.03 3150 1000
c a m0 c 3150 1000 0.03 3150
x 1800
0.03 0.405 3150
va 1 0.405 0.5748
1800
v x 1 0.405 0.575 0.020
Cantitati totale
51
M c mc V p 1275.75 69.75 88984 kg = 88.98 t
M x mx V p 36 69.75 2511 kg = 2.51 t
Numarul autocontainerelor:
M M x 88.98 2.51
N autcontnc c 9.149 N ac 9ac
M autoc 10
6. Presiunea de pompare
V p Vicol
V p 69.75 m3
Vicol Di2i H i 0,275682 1800 107.44 m3
4 4
p p pc pd
pc 0.012 H i1 16 0.012 1800 16 37.6 bar
p c const
Incepe pomparea
p p1 pc
pd 1 0
V p1 0
1~[0;37.6]
52
n
hd3
pc
x
4
V2 V p 69.75 m3
2~[69.75;8.94]
Pasta de ciment ajunge la siu
Ha
n
53
9.Alegerea agregatelor de cimentare
Tc Tp Td Tn
Td 15 min
V p Vn 179.19 103
T p Tn 823.5 min
QaIreal 217.6
Tc 15 823.5 838.5 min
54
100150m
Hi1
Hi2
Adancimea de cimentare
kcav = 1,2
V p Asi H Ai h Dg D H c Di2 h kcav Ds2a D 2 H c Di4 h
2 2
4 4 4 4
V p 1.2 0.25083 0.19368 900 0.16828 20 26.89 m3
2 2 2
4 4
Cantitati de materiale
a 1000 kg/m3
55
c 3150 kg/m3
v a v c 1m 3 p.c.
v a a v c c 1 pc
vc 1 v a
va 1000 1 va 3150 1 1800
2150 v a 1350
v a 0.628 m3 apa/m3 p.c.
v c 1 v a 1 0.628 0.372 m3 cim/m3 p.c.
mc v c c 0.372 3150 1172 kg cim/m3 p.c.
Cantitati totale
M c mc V p 1172 26.89 31.5t
Va v a V p 0.628 26.89 16.88m 3 apa
La acestea se va adauga un coeficient de pierdere de 5%.
M c 33.09t
Va 17.73m 3 apa
Numarul autocontainerelor
M c M x 50.82
N autcontnc 5.082 N ac 5ac
M autoc 10
Presiunea de pompare
V p Vicol
V p 26.89 m3
Vicol Di2i H i 0.16828 2 3400 75.61 m3
4 4
p p pc pd
pc 0.012 H i 2 16 0.012 3400 16 56.8 bar
p c const
Incepe pomparea
56
n
p p1 pc
pd 1 0
V p1 0
1~[0;56.8]
hd3
pc
x
57
c
Ha
n
58
Viteza p a , bar Qa , l / min Qareal , l / min
I 210 372 297.6
II 110 700 560
III 60 1265 1012
Tc Tp Td Tn
Td 15 min
V p Vn 104.31 103
Tp Tn I
479.4 min
Q areal 217.6
Tc 15 479.4 494.4 min
Timpul de pompabilitate
59
Cimentarea coloanei de exploatare
De = 5 in = 127mm
tmed = 8.05 mm
H = He = Hsd = 4450m
Di2 = 7 5/8 in = 193.68mm
Deimed = 110.9mm
Hi2 = 3400m
Dse = 158.75mm
Hc = H - Hi2+200m = 4450-3400+200 = 1250m
Di2imed = 168.28 mm
k1 = kcav = 1.2
h = 20m
Hs=4250m
fis = 2.25 bar/10m
ne = 1750 kg/m3
pn = 25cP = 2510-3 Ns/m2
0 =5N/m2
pia = 628.8 bar
1. Adancimea de cimentare
p min p p max
pmin n 100...300 1750 100 1850 kg/m3
p fis fis H s p fis g H s H H c n g H H c
fis H s n g H H c
p fis
g H s H Hc
2.25 10 5
4250 1750 9.81 4450 1250 3
p fis 10 3950 kg/m
9.81 4250 4450 1250
p p 200 3950 200 3750 kg/m3
max fis
Ciment S2:
pp = 316.01p 522.85 = 316.012 522.85 = 109 cP = 10910-3 Ns/m2
0p = 213.08p 370.19 = 213.082 370.19 = 56 N/m2
p = 900p2 3050p -2602= 9004 30502-2602 = -5012
vom utiliza p= 0.3pn = 7.5 cP = 7.510-3 Ns/m2
0p = 213.08p 370.19 = 213.082 370.19 = 55.97 N/m2
60
V p Aen H H i Aet H c H H i Ai h
Aen Dg2 D 2 0.1739 2 0.127 2 0.011083 m2
4 4
Dgnetubata k1 Ds 1,2 0.15875 173.9 mm
D = 127mm
Aet Diim2
D 2 0.168282 0.127 2 0.009573 m2
4 4
Ai Di2 0.1109 2 0.019318 m2
4 4
Di D 2 t 110 .9 mm
V p 0.011083 4450 3400 0.009573 1250 4450 3400 0.019318 20 13.94 m3
4. Cantitati de materiale
- unitare
va vc 1
v a a v c c 1 pc
p a 2000 1000
vc 0.465 m3ciment/1m3pasta
c a 3150 1000
v a 1 v c 1 0.465 0.535 m3apa/1m3pasta
qc v c c 0.465 3150 1464.75 kg ciment/1m3pasta
- totale
Mc 21.4
nac 2.14
M ac 10
nac 3
61
k 3 1,03 (coeficientul de compresibilitate al noroiului)
Vnr k3 Ai H h 1.03 0.019318 4450 20 88.14 m3
602.4
Qagrreal 602.4l / min 10.04 l/s
60
Qagrreal 10 l/s
Doua autocontainere la un agregat de cimentare.
Qp 20
nagr 2
Qagrreal 10
n agr 2
Q p 2 Qagrreal 2 10 20 l/s
Q p 20 l/s
62
v d echiv
Re
p
0 d echiv
Bi
v p
Qs 10 10 3
- fluid separator: v is 0.52 m/s
Ai 0.019318
Qn 30 10 3
- fluid de refulare: vi 1,56 m/s
n
Ai 0.019318
Aen H H i Aet H i 0.011083 4450 3400 0.009573 3400
Aemed 0.00993 m2
H 4450
Dg H H i Dii H i 0.1739 4450 3400 0.16828 3400
Demed 0.1696 m
H 4450
Demed D 170 127 43 mm
Q 20 10 3
exterior: - pasta de ciment: v e A 0.00993 2.014 m/s
p
p
e med
Qs 10 10 3
- fluid separator: v e 1.007 m/s
s
Aemed 0.00993
Qn 30 10 3
- fluid de refulare: v en 3.021 m/s
Aemed 0.00993
11. Presiunea la manifold
pm 0.7 10 Q 2
pm 0.7 10 1750 (30 10 3 / 2) 2 4.64 bar
pm 0.7 10 2000 (20 10 3 / 2) 2 2.7 bar
pm 0.7 10 1900 (10 10 3 / 2) 2 1.175 bar
Debitul l/s 10 20 30
Spatiul -- Interior Exterior Interior Exterior Interior Exterior
Viteza m/s 0.52 1.007 1.04 2.014 1.56 3.021
Fluid de Re 4037 7817 8074 15635 12110 23452
foraj
Bi 43 22 21 11 14 7
63
Regim Laminar Laminar Turbulent Turbulent Turbulent Turbulent
0.083 0.07 0.027 0.028 0.017 0.015
pm 1.1375 2.45 4.6375
Fluid Re 3652 7073 7305 14146 10957 21218
separator
Bi 43 22 21 11 14 7
Regim Laminar Laminar Laminar Laminar Turbulent Turbulent
0.185 0.15 0.054 0.043 0.028 0.028
pm 1.175 2.6 4.975
Pasta de Re 1058 2049 2116 4098 3174 6147
ciment
Bi 110 57 55 28 37 19
Regim Laminar Laminar Laminar Laminar Laminar Laminar
1.2 0.78 0.29 0.28 0.15 0.12
pm 1.2 2.7 5.2
64
Lungimi de fluide Presiunea
Interior Exterior
Momentul Debitul pp pcap-col pfis-strat
ln ls lp hn hs hp
2.Sfarsitul
pomparii
10 4045 405 0 4450 0 0 10,95 9,85 422,68
fluidului
separator
3.Incepe
pomparea
20 4045 405 0 4450 0 0 30,43 27,73 430,29
pastei de
ciment
4.Sfarsitul
pomparii pastei 20 3323 405 722 4450 0 0 2,7 0 430,29
de ciment
5.Incepe
pomparea
30 3323 405 722 4450 0 0 3,175 0 434,42
noroiului de
refulare
6.Pasta de
ciment ajunge 30 3661 0 789 4250 200 0 3,175 0 434,42
la siu
7.Sfarsitul
operatiei de 30 4430 0 20 3000 200 1250 247,78 244,61 621,62
cimentare
65
Vs 7.83
ls 405 m (interior)
Ai 0.019318
Vp 13.94
lp 722 m (interior)
Ai 0.019318
ln 4450 l p ls 4450 (405 722) 3323 m (interior)
Vs 7.83
ls 789 m (exterior)
Aemed 0.00993
hs 200 m
ln 4450 789 3661 m (interior)
hn 4450 200 4250 m (exterior)
hs 200 m (exterior)
h p H c 1250 m (exterior)
hn 4450 200 1250 3000 m (exterior)
ln 4450 20 4430 m (interior)
l p 20 m
pfis1
V1 0
Q1 10 l/s
p p1 pc1 pd1 pm1s
pd 1 0
pm1s 1.1 bar
pc1 pc1int pc1ext
2
v l 1.56 2 4450
pc1int int n in
n n 0.083 1750 10 5 70.91 bar
2 d ech 2 0.1109
66
2
v en hn 3.0212 4450
pc1ext extn n 0.07 1750 10 5 710.7 bar
2 Demed D 2 0.035
Dg H H i Dii H i 0.15875 4450 3800 0.16275 3800
Demed 0.162 m
H 4450
Demed D 0.035
p p1 78.96 1.1 80.06 bar
pcapul .coloanei1 p p1 pm1s 80.06 1.1 78.96 bar
2
v en Hs
p fis1 p 'fis1 p 'fis' 1 n g H s ext n n
2 Demed D
1.007 2 4450
p fis1 1750 9,81 4450 10 5 0.07 1750 10 5 808.59 bar
2 0.035
V2 Vs 7.83 m3
Q2 10 l/s
p p2 pc2 pd 2 pm 2 s
pd 2 n s g ls 1750 1900 9.81 405 10 5 5.95 bar
pm 2s pm1s 1.1 bar
pc 2 pc 2 int pc 2 ext
vis2 ls v2 l
pc 2 int int s s int n in n n
2 Di 2 Di
2
152 0,5 2 3848
pc2 int 0.185 1600 10 5 0,083 1100 10 5 4,01 bar
2 0,12344 2 0,12344
2
v en hn 0,689 2 4000
p c2 ext extn n 0,07 1100 10 5 13,29 bar
2 Demed D 2 0,055
67
p capul .coloanei 2 p p2 p m 2 s 10,95 1,1 9,85
p fis2 p fis1 422,68 bar
V3 Vs 3,04 m3
Q3 20 l/s
p p 3 pc 3 pd 3 p m 3 p
p d 3 p d 2 7,45 bar
p m 3 p 2,7 bar
2
v ls v2 l v2 l
pc3 int s
is
s int n in n n ext n en n n
2 Di 2 Di 2 Di
12 152 12 3848 12 4000
p c3 0,054 1600 0,027 1100 0,028 1100 26,46 bar
2 0,12344 2 0,12344 2 0,051
p p3 26,46 7,45 2,7 21,71 bar
p capul .coloanei 3 p p3 p m 3 p 21,71 2,7 19,01 bar
2
v en Hs
p fis3 p 'fis 3 p 'fis' 3 n g H s ext n n
2 Demed D
1,379 2 3800
p fis3 1100 9,81 3800 10 5 0,028 1100 10 5 430,29 bar
2 0,055
68
V4 V p Vs 15,84 3,04 18,88 m3
Q4 20 l/s
p p 4 pc 4 pd 4 pm 4 p
p d 4 n p g l p n s g l s 1100 2000 9,81 792 1100 1600 9,81 152 10 5
pd 4 -77,38 bar
p m 4 p p m3 p 2,7 bar
2
v lp v2 l v2 l v2 hn
pc4 int p ip
p int s is s s int n in n n ext n en n
2 Di 2 Di 2 Di 2 Demed D
12 792 12 152 12 3056
p c4 0,29 2000 0,054 1600 0,027 1100
2 0,12344 2 0,12344 2 0,12344
1,379 2 4000
0,028 1100 44,113 bar
2 0,055
p p4 44,11 77,38 2,7 30,56 bar
p capul .coloanei 4 44,11 77,38 33,26 bar
p fis4 p fis3 430,29 bar
V5 V4 18,88 m3
69
Q5 30 l/s
p p5 pc5 pd 5 pm5 n
p d 5 p d 4 77,38 bar
p m5 n 3,175 bar
vip2 l p v2 l v2 l v2 hn
pc5 int p p int s is s s int n in n n ext n en n
2 Di 2 Di 2 Di 2 Demed D
V6 Vint col 80 m3
Q6 30 l/s
p p 6 pc6 pd 6 pm6
p d 6 s p g hs n p g l p hs
p d 6 1600 2000 9,81 200 1100 2000 9,81 792 200 10 5 60,11 bar
p m 6 3,175 bar
2
v2
l v lp v2 l v2 hn
pc6 int n in
n n int p p int s is s s ext n en
ip
n
2 Di 2 Di 2 Di 2 Demed D
70
2,068 2 3800
0,015 1100 10 5 54,98 bar
2 0,055
p p6 54,98 60,11 3,175 1,95 bar
p capul .coloanei 6 54,98 60,11 5,13 bar
p fis6 p fis5 434,42 bar
71
2,068 2 1000 2,068 2 200 2,068 2 2600
0,12 2000 10 5 0,028 1600 10 5 0,015 1100 10 5
2 0,055 2 0,055 2 0,055
p fis7 621,62 bar
Vp Vn 15,84 82
Tc 15 min 15 73,7 min
Qp Qn 20 10 60 30 10 3 60
3
Vs 3,04
Ts 5 min
Qs 10 10 3 60
Tc 73,7 5 79 min
T pmin 1,5 Tc 1,5 79 120 min
T pmax 1,5 T pmin 1,5 120 180 min
72
V,m3 Q,l/s
0 10
3,04 10
3,04 20
18,88 20
18,88 30
100,88 30
p fisH s H s fis
Odata ce se atinge aceasta presiune trebuie sa se reduca debitul.
73