10/7/2016 TehnologiainformaieiWikipedia

Tehnologiainformaiei
DelaWikipedia,enciclopedialiber
PaginaITtrimiteaici.PentrualtesensurivedeiIT(dezambiguizare).

TehnologiainformaieisauiTehnologiainformaieiiacomunicaiilor,abreviat(celmaiadeseaIT)TI
respectivTIC,estetehnologianecesarpentruprelucrarea(procurarea,procesarea,stocarea,convertireai
transmiterea)informaiei,nparticularprinfolosireacomputerelor(calculatoarelorelectronice)[1].

TermeniienglezeticorespunztorisuntInformationTechnologyiInformationandCommunication
Technology,abreviaiITirespectivICT.PrescurtareaIT,caredeseorisefoloseteinromn,sepronun/
aiti/.

Termenulafostfolositpentruprimadatn1958ntrunarticolpublicatnrevistaHarvardBusinessReview,
articolncareautoriiLeavittiWhislerafirm:Nouatehnologiencnuareunnumebinestabilitnoiovom
denumitehnologiainformaiei[2].Tehnologiainformaieiesteundomeniuelementdelegturntre
electrotehnicaclasicimultmainouainformatic,multeinstituiiprofesionaleprofilate(iniial)electrotehnic
extinzndusecutimpulispredomeniuldetehnologiainformaiei.AnuseconfundacuInformatica
(ComputerScience)inicicusistemeleinformatice.

Cuprins
1 Informaiigenerale
2 Tehnologiainformaieiilegislaia
3 Tehnologiainformaieiietica
4 TehnologiainformaieinRomnia
5 Bibliografie
6 Referine
7 Vezii
8 Legturiexterne

Informaiigenerale
Tehnologiainformaieigseteaplicarepe
multipledomeniilegatededatei
informaii,cumarfi:procesoare,
calculatoare,hardwareisoftware,limbaje
deprogramare,structuridedateialtele.
Suntconsideratecafcndpartedinlargul
domeniuITtoateelementelecare
prelucreaz,ntrunfelsaualtul,date,
informaiisaucunotine.

Ocupaiilespecialitilordinacestdomeniu Cheltuielilepentrutehnologiainformaieiicomunicaiin2005
suntfoartevariate,delainstalareade
softwareaplicaieipnlaproiectarea
unorreeledecalculatoarecomplexeiabazelordedatedeinformaii.Ctevasarcinitipicesunt:
managementuldatelor,construciadehardwarepentrucalculatoare,proiectareadesoftware,administrareaunor
ntregisistemeinformaionale.nultimiianisferaderspndiresalrgitmult,cuprinzndacumnunumai

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calculatoareireelelelor,daritelefoanemobilecelulare,intelifoane(smartphones),televizoarecuplabilela
Internet,automatizareaautomobilelor,aplicaiimilitareimultealtele.Deaceea,cerereadespecialitidevrf
pepiaaminiidelucruadomeniuluiesteconstantmare.

Deaceeaiinstituiilesuperioaredenvmntauintrodusnoicatedre,cursuri,profileiexamene
corespunztoare,pentruainepasulcuacestetendinedincadrulIT,pelngdomeniileInformaticiSisteme
informatice.

n2009piaamondialdeserviciideITatotalizat763miliardededolari(USD)[3].

Tehnologiainformaieiilegislaia
Dezvoltarearapidaindustrieiadusiladezvoltarealegislaieinacestdomeniu.Deexemplu,astzi,nunele
ri,existorspunderepenalpentrudistribuireaviruilorinformaticisauipentruhackingulanumitor
resurseInternet.nuneleriexistnsiolegislaiedestimulareaITului,deexempluprinreducereasau
excludereaunortaxe.

Tehnologiainformaieiietica
Pentrudetaliivezi:Eticatehnologieiinformaiei

TehnologiainformaieinRomnia
nanul2010,nRomnialucrau115.800despecialitindomeniulIT&C,avndnmedieunsalariubrutanual
de9.130euro.[4]

nanul2012,pentruopoziiedeprogramatorjunior,unsalariuminimsesituanjurulsumeide600euro.[5]Un
programatorcuunniveldezvoltatalcompetenelortehniceputeactigantre1.500i1.800euro.[5]Angajaii
dinITctigau,nmedie,780deeuronetpelun,ntimpcerestulsalariailorromniaveau,nmedie,un
salariumediunetde318euro,potrivitdatelorInstitutuluiNaionaldeStatistic.[6]

nanul2013,salariulminimalunuisoftisterade3.000leifade700leicuaseaninurm.[7]

nanul2015,seestimacaproximativ7.000detineriiesdepebncilefacultilorcuprofildeITdinRomnia,
numrdecandidaicaresempartentrefirmeletradiionaledeIT,celedevideogaming,daricucelecare
audoardepartamenteinternedeIT.[8]

PelngBucureti,unaltcentruimportantpentrucompaniiletehnologiceesteoraulCluj.[6]

NumruldesalariaidindomeniulIT&Cntre2008i2010:[4]

Anul 2010 2009 2008

Telecomunicaii 43.100 45.900 49.800
SoftiserviciiIT 56.600 55.500 54.300
Hardwarei
16.100 16.400 20.000
electronic
Totalangajaidin
115.800 117.800 124.100
IT&C

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Bibliografie
Longley,DennisShain,Michael(1985),DictionaryofInformationTechnology(ed.2),MacmillanPress,
ISBN0333372603
Isbell,CharlesImpagliazzo,JohnStein,LynnProulx,VieraRuss,SteveForbes,JeffreyThomas,
RichardFraser,Lindaetal.(1decembrie2009),(Re)DefiningComputingCurriculaby(Re)Defining
Computing,AssociationforComputingMachinery,ACM,pp.203225,ISBN9781605588865
Adelman,C.(2000).AParallelPostsecondaryUniverse:TheCertificationSysteminInformation
Technology.Washington,D.C.:U.S.DepartmentofEducation.
Allen,T.,andM.S.Morton,eds.1994.InformationTechnologyandtheCorporationofthe1990s.New
York:OxfordUniversityPress.
Shelly,Gary,Cashman,Thomas,Vermaat,Misty,andWalker,Tim.(1999).DiscoveringComputers
2000:ConceptsforaConnectedWorld.Cambridge,Massachusetts:CourseTechnology.
Webster,Frank,andRobins,Kevin.(1986).InformationTechnologyALudditeAnalysis.Norwood,NJ:
Ablex.
TheGlobalInformationTechnologyReport20082009(http://www.weforum.org/pdf/gitr/2009/gitr09full
report.pdf),WorldEconomicForumandINSEAD,2009,ISBN9789295044197,
http://www.weforum.org/pdf/gitr/2009/gitr09fullreport.pdf

Referine
1.^Longley&Shain1985,p.164
2.^Informationtechnology(necesitabonare)(http://dictionary.oed.com/),OxfordEnglishDictionary
(ed.2),OxfordUniversityPress,1989,http://dictionary.oed.com/
3.^GartnerSaysWorldwideITServicesRevenueDeclined5.3Percentin2009(http://www.gartner.com/i
t/page.jsp?id=1363713),Gartner,http://www.gartner.com/it/page.jsp?id=1363713
4.^abCumauevoluatlefurileangajatilordinIT&Cinprimiianidecriza(http://www.wallstreet.ro/artico
l/ITCTehnologie/104818/CumauevoluatlefurileangajatilordinITCinprimiianidecriza.html),7
iunie2011,CristinaNegraru,wallstreet.ro,accesatla22iunie2015
5.^abDeceesteattdegreusgsetiunPROGRAMATORbunnziuadeazi(http://www.capital.ro/de
ceesteatatdegreusagasestiunprogramatorbuninziuadeazi167373.html),6iunie2012,Bogdan
Biszok,Capital,accesatla22iunie2015
6.^abUndeseconcentreaz"SiliconValleyul"deBucureti(http://www.gandul.info/itc/undeseconcent
reazasiliconvalleyuldebucuresti10749052),16aprilie2013,AdrianPopa,Gndul,accesatla22iunie
2015
7.^VIDEOZFLIVE.TeodorBlidru,Softelligence:nITsedoluptpentruaatrageoamenidevaloare
(http://www.zf.ro/businesshitech/videozfliveteodorblidarussoftelligenceinitsedaoluptapentrua
atrageoamenidevaloare10983041),18iunie2013,CtlinaButan,Ziarulfinanciar,accesatla27
decembrie2015
8.^Ubisoft:Avemnevoiedespecializarepevideogamingnfaculti(http://www.zf.ro/profesii/ubisoftav
emnevoiedespecializarepevideogaminginfacultati14482022),22iunie2015,CorinaMirea,Ziarul
financiar,accesatla22iunie2015

Vezii
Tehnologie
Informaie
Informatic
Sistemdeoperare
Bazdedate
Limbajedeprogramare
Internet
Listacelormaicunoscuiprogramatori
Stadiudedezvoltareaunuisoftware

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Legturiexterne
TheInformationTechnologyInfrastructureLibrary(ITIL)(http://www.itilofficialsite.com/home/home.as
p)
LegislaiaRepubliciiMoldovandomeniultehnologieiinformaiei[1](http://itmoldova.md/ro/ticinmo
ldova/legislatiesitic)
IndustriaIT:onouimaginealumii?(http://www.descopera.ro/cultura/1030467industriaitonouaimag
inealumii),9noiembrie2007,IrinaSocol,Descoper

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