PROIECT

Sisteme pentru conducerea retelelor

electrice de distributie

Student: Dumitrescu Dragos Constantin

Grupa: MS4
 Se considera reteaua electrica de distributie din Figura 1, care alimenteaza o zona de
consum urban si mica industrie.

Schema retelei electrice de distributie

Parametrii transformatoarelor din ST sunt prezentati in tabelul 1, iar parametrii liniilor

sunt prezentati in tabelul 2.

Parametrii transformatoarelor
Sn UnIT/UnMT usc i0 ΔPsc ΔP0
[MVA] [kV/kV] [%] [%] [MW] [MW]
16 (110±9 x 1.78% )/22 11 1.5 95 20

Parametrii liniilor electrice

Un sn r0 x0 b0 Iadm
[kV] [mm2] [Ω/km] [Ω/km] [μS/km] [A]
110 240 0.125 0.41 2 560
20 95 0.313 0.11 58 195
20 120 0.248 0.107 63 225
20 150 0.202 0.104 79 250
 Puterile medii cerute de consumatori, pentru perioada de vara, sunt date in tabelul 3.
Pentru perioada de iarna se considera ca pentru consumatorii industriali puterile cerute crescu
cu 25 % fata de perioada de vara, iar pentru consumatorii urbani cresterea consumului este de
15 %.

Caracteristicile consumatorilor din retea

Consumator Tip Cons. S [kVA] S [kVA] cos(ϕ) Amplasare
Vara Iarna
Industria
CI1 l 2800 3500 0.79 C8
Industria
CI2 l 2900 3625 0.74 C9
Industria
CI3 l 2600 3250 0.82 C1
CU1 Urban 650 747.5 0.9 C2
CU2 Urban 950 1092.5 0.91 C3
CU3 Urban 350 402.5 0.89 C4
CU4 Urban 450 517.5 0.93 C5
CU5 Urban 1000 1150 0.92 C6
CU6 Urban 650 747.5 0.89 C7

In regim normal de functionare, reteaua electrica de distributie se exploateaza in

configuratie radiala. Debuclarea retelei de medie tensiune se face prin deschiderea
tronsonului dintre consumatorii C5 si C6
Pentru aceasta retea se urmareste imbunatatirea regimului de functionare, pentru
regimurile de vara si de iarna, prin aplicarea unor masuri tehnice de exploatare:

- compensarea puterii reactive, in vederea obtinerii unui factor de putere neutral de

0.92;
- stabilirea configuratiei optime a retelei electrice de medie tensiune prin reconfigurare;
- stabilirea numarului optim de transformatoare in paralel, in functie de cererea de
putere a consumatorilor;
- reglajul prizelor transformatoarelor, astfel incat tensiunea pe bara de MT a
transformatoarelor din ST sa fie de 21.5 kV in perioada de vara si de 21 kV in
perioada de iarna;
- stabilirea prizei optime in scopul minimizarii pierderilor de putere activa.

In reteaua electrica de medie tensiune va fi amplasata o sursa de generare distribuita,

situata la distanta de 1 km de consumatorul C8 . Se cere:
- stabilirea puterii generate a sursei distribuite pentru minimizarea pierderilor de
putere activa ( se rotunjeste la multiplu de 1000 MW);
- determinarea puterii maxime ce poate fi generata de sursa distribuita;
 - analiza circulatiei de puteri si a pierderilor de putere prin laturile retelei pentru
diferite regimuri de functionare ale sursei distribuite (20-60-100%);
- analiza variatiilor de tensiune la conectarea si deconectarea sursei distribuite;
- analiza variatiei nivelului de tensiune la nodurile consumatoare in functie de tipul de
generator al sursei distribuite ( sincron/asincron);
- analiza influentei sursei distribuite asupra curentilor de scurtcircuit (se considera de
maxim si minim);
- calcului emisiei de armonice la nivelul PCC;
- stabilirea configuratiei optime a retelei electrice de medie tensiune pentru diferite
regimuri de functionare a sursei distribuite.

Determinarea tensiunilor nodale si a pierderilor de putere atat pentru perioada de vara

cat si pentru perioada de iarna :

Vara:
 Pierderi de putere in retea

Tensiunile nodale

Iarna:
Pierderi de putere in retea

Tensiunile nodale
 Debuclarea retelei de medie tensiune prin deschiderea tronsonului dintre
consumatorii C5 si C6:

Vara:

Pierderi de putere in retea

 Tensiunile nodale

Iarna:

Pierderi de putere in retea

 Tensiunile nodale

Analiza tensiunilor nodale in regimul de vara

19.85

19.8

19.75
U[kV]

19.7
Debuclat
19.65 Buclat

19.6

19.55
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Nod

Analiza tensiunilor nodale in regim de iarna

 20.1

20

19.9

19.8
U[kV]

19.7
Debuclar
19.6 Buclat

19.5

19.4

19.3
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Nod

1. Compensarea puterii rective

Compensarea puterii reactive in scopul imbunatatirii factorului de putere la cos=0.9.

Calculul puterii reactive necesara a fi compensata se face pornind de la:

QBCi =Pi (tan φi−tan φn)

Qi−Qc
tan φn=
Pi
Qi
tan φi=
Pi

Puterea reactiva a fost compensata doar in nodurile in care factorul de putere este mai
mic de 0.9.

Vara :
Qki Qkf Qcomp [kVAr] Qcomp [kVAr]
Nod Sk [kVA] PFi PFf
[kVAr] [kVAr] (NEPLAN) (formula)
C1 2600 0.82 0.9 1488 1133 355 357
C2 650 0.89 0.9 296 283 13 13
C4 350 0.87 0.9 173 153 20 21
C8 2800 0.79 0.9 1717 1220 497 495
C9 2900 0.74 0.9 1951 1264 687 687

Pierderi de putere in retea

Tensiunile nodale
 Analiza tensiunilor nodale in regim de vara

19.95

19.9

19.85

19.8

19.75
U [kV]

19.7 Necompensat
19.65 Compensat

19.6

19.55

19.5
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Nod

Iarna:
Qki Qkf Qcomp [kVAr] Qcomp [kVAr]
Nod Sk [kVA] PFi PFf
[kVAr] [kVAr] (NEPLAN) (formula)
C1 3250 0.82 0.9 1860 1417 443 442
C2 746 0.89 0.9 340 325 15 15
C4 402 0.87 0.9 198 175 23 24
C8 3500 0.79 0.9 2146 1526 620 622
C9 3625 0.74 0.9 2438 1580 858 857

Pierderi de putere in retea

 Tensiunile nodale

Analiza tensiunilor nodale in regim de iarna

19.95
19.9
19.85
19.8
19.75
U [kV]

19.7 Necompensat
19.65 Compensat

19.6
19.55
19.5
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Nod
 2. Stabilirea configuratiei optime a retelei electrice de medie
tensiune prin reconfigurare.
Pentru a realiza reconfigurarea retelei s-au deconectat pe rand troansoanele dintre toti
consumatorii, in vederea determinarii tronsonul ce trebuie deconectat astfel incat pierderile de
putere activa sa fie minime.

Vara:
Tronson ΔPretea Umax Imax Iadm
Umin [kV]
deconectat [MW] [kV] [A] [A]
1-2 0.316 19.244 20.08 285 225
2-3 0.273 19.427 20.016 264 225
3-4 0.231 19.665 19.92 235 225
4-5 0.222 19.738 19.935 225 225
5-6 0.214 19.733 19.975 212 225
6-7 0.218 19.512 19.747 186 225
7-8 0.233 19.349 10.757 193 225
8-9 0.426 18.925 20.055 279 225

In urma incercarii de deconectare a fiecarui tronson, solutia optima din punct de

vedere a pierderilor de putere activa pe aceasta retea a fost inregistrata intre C5 si C6 .
 Nu s-au luat in considerare tronsoanele a caror Iadm depaseste valoarea admisibila de
225A.

Analiza tensiunilor nodale in regim de vara

20

19.95

19.9

19.85

19.8

19.75

19.7

19.65

19.6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Compensat debuclat
Compensat buclat

Tensiunile nodale
 Iarna:
Tronson ΔPretea Umax Imax Iadm
Umin [kV]
deconectat [MW] [kV] [A] [A]
1-2 0.434 19.332 20.009 343 225
2-3 0.387 19.122 19.934 326 225
3-4 0.327 19.407 19.82 291 225
4-5 0.313 19.495 19.783 279 225
5-6 0.302 19.591 19.782 263 225
6-7 0.298 19.735 20.002 228 225
7-8 0.315 19.545 19.983 227 225
8-9 0.604 19.92 19.977 336 225

In urma incercarii de deconectare a fiecarui tronson, solutia optima din punct de

vedere a pierderilor de putere activa pe aceasta retea a fost inregistrata intre C7 si C8 .
Nu s-au luat in considerare tronsoanele a caror Iadm depaseste valoarea admisibila de
225A.

Analiza tensiunilor nodale in regim de iarna

20.1
20
19.9
19.8
19.7
19.6
19.5
19.4
19.3
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Compensat debuclat
Compensat buclat

Tensiunile nodale
 3. Stabilirea numarului optim de transformatoare in
paralel, in functie de cererea de putere a consumatorilor.

Daca α < αcr se monteaza un singur transformator , iar daca α > α cr se monteaza doua
transformatoare.

∆ P0 20
√
α cr = n(n−1) ∙
√
∆ P sc
= 2∙ =0,649
95

|S| S A + S B
α= =
S nT S MT

Vara :

|S| S A + S B 5000+7350
α= = = =0.7718
S nT SnT 16000
 Se observa ca α > αcr deci se vor monta doua transformatoare.

Iarna :

|S| S A + S B 7907+ 7125

α= = = =0.9395
S nT SnT 16000

Se observa ca α > αcr deci se vor monta doua transformatoare.

4. Reglajul prizelor transformatoarelor, astfel incat

tensiunea pe bara de MT a transformatoarelor din ST sa
fie de 21.5kV in perioada de vara si 21kV in perioada de
iarna

Determinarea prizei optime de functionare in vederea minimizarii pierderilor de

putere.

S-a rulat schema in NEPLAN pentru verificare calculelor anterioare.

Determinarea prizei s-a facut prin incercari, alegand priza pentru care pierderile de
putere activa au fost minime.

Vara:
Priza ΔPretea Umin Umax
-6 0.197 21.535 22.003
-5 0.2 21.081 21.476
-4 0.204 20.645 21.046
-3 0.209 20.224 20.633
-2 0.213 19.817 20.234
-1 0.218 19.425 19.85
0 0.223 19.046 19.478
 1 0.228 18.679 19.119
2 0.233 18.324 18.773
3 0.239 18.006 18.437
4 0.245 17.648 18.113

Se observa ca pentru priza -5 s-au obtinut cele mai mici pierderi fara ca tensiunea
maxima sa depaseasca 22 kV, deci se va alege priza -5.

Pierderi de putere in retea

Tensiunile nodale

Iarna:
Priza ΔPretea Umin Umax
-7 0.276 21.769 22.151
-6 0.283 21.291 21.684
 -5 0.291 20.831 21.235
-4 0.299 20.387 20.802
-3 0.307 19.959 20.385
-2 0.315 19.545 19.983
-1 0.324 19.146 19.594
0 0.333 18.76 19.219
1 0.343 18.386 18.857
2 0.352 17.998 18.506

Se observa ca pentru priza -6 s-au obtinut cele mai mici pierderi fara ca tensiunea
maxima sa depaseasca 22 kV, deci se va alege priza -6.

Pierderi de putere in retea

Tensiunile nodale
 5. Stabilirea puterii generate a sursei distribuite si
determinarea puterii maxime ce poate fi generata de
sursa distribuita

In reteaua electrica a fost amplasata o sursa de generare distribuita, situata la o

distanta de 1 km de consumatorul C8.
Se au in vedere 2 solutii privind amplasarea sursei distribuite:

- Conectarea printr-o linie electrica de 1km

- Conectarea printr-o linie electrica de pe barele statiei de MT

Vara:
 Umax Imax Iadm
ΔPretea [MW]
Pgd [MW] Umin [kV] [kV] [A] [A]
0.5 0.186 21.118 21.476 186 225
1 0.174 21.149 21.476 174 225
1.5 0.163 21.179 21.476 162 225
2 0.154 21.209 21.476 150 225
2.5 0.149 21.233 21.476 147 225
3 0.145 21.241 21.476 142 225
3.5 0.141 21.256 21.476 138 225
4 0.137 21.275 21.476 135 225
4.5 0.133 21.289 21.476 132 225
5 0.133 21.368 21.476 134 225
5.5 0.135 21.368 21.476 137 225
6 0.138 21.368 21.476 146 225
6.5 0.144 21.368 21.476 163 225
 7 0.149 21.368 21.476 174 225
7.5 0.156 21.567 21.476 189 225
8 0.165 21.368 21.476 213 225
8.5 0.176 21.368 21.476 226 225

Se observa ca pentru puterea de 5 MW, pierderile de putere in retea sunt cele mai
mici, prin urmare, aceasta va fi considerata puterea optima.

Pentru o putere de 8 MW se observa ca aceasta este valoarea maxima, astfel incat sa

nu fie depasita valoarea curentului Iadm=225A.

0.2
0.18
0.16
0.14
dPretea [MW]

0.12
0.1
0.08
0.06
0.04
0.02
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Pgd [MW]

Iarna:
 Umax Imax Iadm
ΔPretea [MW]
Pgd [MW] Umin [kV] [kV] [A] [A]
0.5 0.271 21.291 21.709 208 225
1 0.259 21.291 21.721 208 225
1.5 0.251 21.291 21.749 208 225
2 0.244 21.291 21.767 208 225
2.5 0.24 21.291 21.783 208 225
3 0.237 21.291 21.798 208 225
3.5 0.231 21.291 21.821 208 225
4 0.229 21.291 21.845 208 225
4.5 0.23 21.291 21.865 208 225
5 0.23 21.291 21.874 208 225
5.5 0.233 21.291 21.902 208 225
6 0.237 21.291 21.954 208 225
6.5 0.243 21.291 21.975 208 225
7 0.25 21.291 22.001 208 225

Se observa ca pentru puterea de 5 MW, pierderile de putere in retea sunt cele mai
mici, prin urmare, aceasta va fi considerata puterea optima.

Pentru o putere de 6.5 MW se observa ca aceasta este valoarea maxima, astfel incat sa
nu fie depasita valoarea tensiunii Umax=22 kV.
 0.28

0.27

0.26

0.25
dPretea [MW]

0.24

0.23

0.22

0.21

0.2
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Pgd [MW]
 6. Analiza circulatiei de puteri si a pierderilor de putere
prin laturile retelei pentru diferite regimuri de
functionare ale sursei distribuite.

Regim inductiv
Vara:

Pgd= 5 [MW]

Pgd=1 MW (20%) Pgd=2.5 MW (50%) Pgd=4 MW (80%) Pgd=5 MW (100%)

Tronson
P [MW] Q [MVAr] dP [MW] P [MW] Q [MVAr] dP [MW] P [MW] Q [MVAr] dP [MW] P [MW] Q [MVAr] dP [MW]
Uset=100%
1-2 2.191 0.802 0.005 2.191 0.802 0.005 2.191 0.802 0.005 2.191 0.802 0.005
2-3 1.601 0.563 0.002 1.601 0.563 0.002 1.601 0.563 0.002 1.601 0.563 0.002
3-4 0.734 0.209 0.001 0.734 0.209 0.001 0.734 0.209 0.001 0.734 0.209 0.001
4-5 0.419 0.121 0 0.419 0.121 0 0.419 0.121 0 0.419 0.121 0
5-6
6-7 0.92 0.392 0.001 0.92 0.392 0.001 0.902 0.392 0.001 0.902 0.392 0.001
7-8 1.506 0.628 0.002 1.506 0.627 0.002 1.506 0.627 0.002 1.506 0.627 0.002
8-9 3.028 1.783 0.012 1.531 1.783 0.005 0.036 1.784 0.003 0.959 1.786 0.004
Uset=107.5% ΣdP= 0.023 ΣdP= 0.016 ΣdP= 0.014 ΣdP= 0.015
1-2 2.191 0.802 0.005 2.191 0.802 0.005 2.191 0.802 0.005 2.191 0.802 0.005
2-3 1.601 0.563 0.002 1.601 0.563 0.002 1.601 0.563 0.002 1.601 0.563 0.002
3-4 0.734 0.209 0.001 0.734 0.209 0.001 0.734 0.209 0.001 0.734 0.209 0.001
4-5 0.419 0.121 0 0.419 0.121 0 0.419 0.121 0 0.419 0.121 0
5-6
6-7 0.92 0.392 0.001 0.92 0.392 0.001 0.92 0.392 0.001 0.92 0.392 0.001
7-8 1.506 0.628 0.002 1.506 0.627 0.002 1.506 0.627 0.002 1.506 0.627 0.002
8-9 3.028 1.783 0.012 1.531 1.783 0.005 0.036 1.784 0.003 0.959 1.786 0.004
Uset=110% ΣdP= 0.023 ΣdP= 0.016 ΣdP= 0.014 ΣdP= 0.015
1-2 2.191 0.802 0.005 2.191 0.802 0.005 2.191 0.802 0.005 2.191 0.802 0.005
2-3 1.601 0.563 0.002 1.601 0.563 0.002 1.601 0.563 0.002 1.601 0.563 0.002
3-4 0.734 0.209 0.001 0.734 0.209 0.001 0.734 0.209 0.001 0.734 0.209 0.001
4-5 0.419 0.121 0 0.419 0.121 0 0.419 0.121 0 0.419 0.121 0
5-6
6-7 0.92 0.392 0.001 0.92 0.392 0.001 0.92 0.392 0.001 0.92 0.392 0.001
7-8 1.506 0.628 0.002 1.506 0.627 0.002 1.506 0.627 0.002 1.506 0.627 0.002
8-9 3.028 1.783 0.012 1.531 1.783 0.005 0.036 1.784 0.003 0.959 1.786 0.004
ΣdP= 0.023 ΣdP= 0.016 ΣdP= 0.014 ΣdP= 0.015

Analizand suma pierderilor de putere pe fiecare reglaj in parte, s-a constatat ca in

cazul utilizarii unei surse distribuite cu puterea de 5MW, pierderile de putere pe tronsoane au
fost minime atunci cand masina asincrona a functionat la capacitate de 100%.
Iarna:

Pgd= 5 [MW]

Pgd=1 MW (20%) Pgd=2.5 MW (50%) Pgd=4 MW (80%) Pgd=5 MW (100%)

Tronson
P [MW] Q [MVAr] dP [MW] P [MW] Q [MVAr] dP [MW] P [MW] Q [MVAr] dP [MW] P [MW] Q [MVAr] dP [MW]
Uset=100%
1-2 4.286 1.644 0.018 4.286 1.644 0.018 4.286 1.644 0.018 4.286 1.644 0.018
2-3 3.597 1.358 0.011 3.597 1.358 0.011 3.597 1.358 0.011 3.597 1.358 0.011
3-4 2.592 0.941 0.009 2.592 0.941 0.009 2.592 0.941 0.009 2.592 0.941 0.009
4-5 2.221 0.827 0.005 2.221 0.827 0.005 2.221 0.827 0.005 2.221 0.827 0.005
5-6 1.735 0.679 0.003 1.735 0.679 0.003 1.735 0.679 0.003 1.735 0.679 0.003
6-7 0.673 0.277 0.001 0.673 0.277 0.001 0.673 0.277 0.001 0.673 0.277 0.001
7-8
8-9 3.151 0.496 0.009 3.153 1.004 0.01 3.158 2.502 0.014 3.162 3.501 0.019
Uset=105% ΣdP= 0.046 ΣdP= 0.044 ΣdP= 0.042 ΣdP= 0.041
1-2 4.286 1.644 0.018 4.286 1.644 0.018 4.286 1.644 0.018 4.286 1.644 0.018
2-3 3.597 1.358 0.011 3.597 1.358 0.011 3.597 1.358 0.011 3.597 1.358 0.011
3-4 2.592 0.941 0.009 2.592 0.941 0.009 2.592 0.941 0.009 2.592 0.941 0.009
4-5 2.221 0.827 0.005 2.221 0.827 0.005 2.221 0.827 0.005 2.221 0.827 0.005
5-6 1.735 0.679 0.003 1.735 0.679 0.003 1.735 0.679 0.003 1.735 0.679 0.003
6-7 0.673 0.277 0.001 0.673 0.277 0.001 0.673 0.277 0.001 0.673 0.277 0.001
7-8
8-9 3.151 0.496 0.009 3.153 1.004 0.01 3.158 2.502 0.014 3.162 3.501 0.019
Uset=110% ΣdP= 0.046 ΣdP= 0.044 ΣdP= 0.042 ΣdP= 0.041
1-2 4.286 1.644 0.018 4.286 1.644 0.018 4.286 1.644 0.018 4.286 1.644 0.018
2-3 3.597 1.358 0.011 3.597 1.358 0.011 3.597 1.358 0.011 3.597 1.358 0.011
3-4 2.592 0.941 0.009 2.592 0.941 0.009 2.592 0.941 0.009 2.592 0.941 0.009
4-5 2.221 0.827 0.005 2.221 0.827 0.005 2.221 0.827 0.005 2.221 0.827 0.005
5-6 1.735 0.679 0.003 1.735 0.679 0.003 1.735 0.679 0.003 1.735 0.679 0.003
6-7 0.673 0.277 0.001 0.673 0.277 0.001 0.673 0.277 0.001 0.673 0.277 0.001
7-8
8-9 3.151 0.496 0.009 3.153 1.004 0.01 3.158 0.205 0.014 3.162 3.501 0.019
ΣdP= 0.046 ΣdP= 0.044 ΣdP= 0.042 ΣdP= 0.041

Analizand suma pierderilor de putere pe fiecare reglaj in parte, s-a constatat ca in

cazul utilizarii unei surse distribuite cu puterea de 5MW, pierderile de putere pe tronsoane au
fost minime atunci cand masina asincrona a functionat la capacitate de 100%.
Regim capacitiv

Vara:

Pgd= 5 [MW]

Pgd=1 MW (20%) Pgd=2.5 MW (50%) Pgd=4 MW (80%) Pgd=5 MW (100%)

Tronson
P [MW] Q [MVAr] dP [MW] P [MW] Q [MVAr] dP [MW] P [MW] Q [MVAr] dP [MW] P [MW] Q [MVAr] dP [MW]
Uset=100%
1-2 2.191 0.802 0.005 2.191 0.802 0.005 2.191 0.802 0.005 2.191 0.802 0.005
2-3 1.601 0.563 0.002 1.601 0.563 0.002 1.601 0.563 0.002 1.601 0.563 0.002
3-4 0.734 0.209 0.001 0.734 0.209 0.001 0.734 0.209 0.001 0.734 0.209 0.001
4-5 0.419 0.121 0 0.419 0.121 0 0.419 0.121 0 0.419 0.121 0
5-6
6-7 0.92 0.392 0.001 0.92 0.392 0.001 0.92 0.392 0.001 0.92 0.392 0.001
7-8 1.502 0.627 0.002 1.502 0.627 0.002 1.506 0.626 0.002 1.506 0.625 0.002
8-9 3.028 1.454 0.011 1.532 0.96 0.003 0.037 0.467 0 0.958 0.14 0.001
Uset=107.5% ΣdP= 0.022 ΣdP= 0.014 ΣdP= 0.011 ΣdP= 0.012
1-2 2.191 0.802 0.005 2.191 0.802 0.005 2.191 0.802 0.005 2.191 0.802 0.005
2-3 1.601 0.563 0.002 1.601 0.563 0.002 1.601 0.563 0.002 1.601 0.563 0.002
3-4 0.734 0.209 0.001 0.734 0.209 0.001 0.734 0.209 0.001 0.734 0.209 0.001
4-5 0.419 0.121 0 0.419 0.121 0 0.419 0.121 0 0.419 0.121 0
5-6
6-7 0.92 0.392 0.001 0.92 0.392 0.001 0.92 0.392 0.001 0.92 0.392 0.001
7-8 1.502 0.627 0.002 1.502 0.627 0.002 1.506 0.626 0.002 1.506 0.625 0.002
8-9 3.028 1.454 0.011 1.532 0.96 0.003 0.037 0.467 0 0.958 0.014 0.001
Uset=110% ΣdP= 0.022 ΣdP= 0.014 ΣdP= 0.011 ΣdP= 0.012
1-2 2.191 0.802 0.005 2.191 0.802 0.005 2.191 0.802 0.005 2.191 0.802 0.005
2-3 1.601 0.563 0.002 1.601 0.563 0.002 1.601 0.563 0.002 1.601 0.563 0.002
3-4 0.734 0.209 0.001 0.734 0.209 0.001 0.734 0.209 0.001 0.734 0.209 0.001
4-5 0.419 0.121 0 0.419 0.121 0 0.419 0.121 0 0.419 0.121 0
5-6
6-7 0.92 0.392 0.001 0.92 0.392 0.001 0.92 0.392 0.001 0.92 0.392 0.001
7-8 1.502 0.627 0.002 1.502 0.627 0.002 1.506 0.626 0.002 1.506 0.625 0.002
8-9 3.028 1.454 0.011 1.532 0.96 0.003 0.037 0.467 0 0.958 0.014 0.001
ΣdP= 0.022 ΣdP= 0.014 ΣdP= 0.011 ΣdP= 0.012

Analizand suma pierderilor de putere pe fiecare reglaj in parte, s-a constatat ca in

cazul utilizarii unei surse distribuite cu puterea de 5MW, pierderile de putere pe tronsoane au
fost minime atunci cand masina asincrona a functionat la capacitate de 80%, adica 4MW.
Iarna:

Pgd= 5 [MW]

Pgd=1 MW (20%) Pgd=2.5 MW (50%) Pgd=4 MW (80%) Pgd=5 MW (100%)

Tronson
P [MW] Q [MVAr] dP [MW] P [MW] Q [MVAr] dP [MW] P [MW] Q [MVAr] dP [MW] P [MW] Q [MVAr] dP [MW]
Uset=100%
1-2 4.286 1.644 0.018 4.286 1.644 0.018 4.286 1.644 0.018 4.286 1.644 0.018
2-3 3.597 1.358 0.001 3.597 1.358 0.001 3.597 1.358 0.001 3.597 1.358 0.001
3-4 2.592 0.941 0.009 2.592 0.941 0.009 2.592 0.941 0.009 2.592 0.941 0.009
4-5 2.221 0.827 0.005 2.221 0.827 0.005 2.221 0.827 0.005 2.221 0.827 0.005
5-6 1.735 0.679 0.003 1.735 0.679 0.003 1.735 0.679 0.003 1.735 0.679 0.003
6-7 0.673 0.277 0.001 0.673 0.277 0.001 0.673 0.277 0.001 0.673 0.277 0.001
7-8
8-9 2.151 1.167 0.005 0.654 0.675 0.001 0.841 0.184 0.001 1.836 0.143 0.003
Uset=107.5% ΣdP= 0.042 ΣdP= 0.038 ΣdP= 0.037 ΣdP= 0.022
1-2 4.286 1.644 0.018 4.286 1.644 0.018 4.286 1.644 0.018 4.286 1.644 0.018
2-3 3.597 1.358 0.001 3.597 1.358 0.001 3.597 1.358 0.001 3.597 1.358 0.001
3-4 2.592 0.941 0.009 2.592 0.941 0.009 2.592 0.941 0.009 2.592 0.941 0.009
4-5 2.221 0.827 0.005 2.221 0.827 0.005 2.221 0.827 0.005 2.221 0.827 0.005
5-6 1.735 0.679 0.003 1.735 0.679 0.003 1.735 0.679 0.003 1.735 0.679 0.003
6-7 0.673 0.277 0.001 0.673 0.277 0.001 0.673 0.277 0.001 0.673 0.277 0.001
7-8
8-9 2.151 1.167 0.005 0.654 0.675 0.001 0.841 0.184 0.001 1.836 0.143 0.003
Uset=110% ΣdP= 0.042 ΣdP= 0.038 ΣdP= 0.037 ΣdP= 0.04
1-2 4.286 1.644 0.018 4.286 1.644 0.018 4.286 1.644 0.018 4.286 1.644 0.018
2-3 3.597 1.358 0.001 3.597 1.358 0.001 3.597 1.358 0.001 3.597 1.358 0.001
3-4 2.592 0.941 0.009 2.592 0.941 0.009 2.592 0.941 0.009 2.592 0.941 0.009
4-5 2.221 0.827 0.005 2.221 0.827 0.005 2.221 0.827 0.005 2.221 0.827 0.005
5-6 1.735 0.679 0.003 1.735 0.679 0.003 1.735 0.679 0.003 1.735 0.679 0.003
6-7 0.673 0.277 0.001 0.673 0.277 0.001 0.673 0.277 0.001 0.673 0.277 0.001
7-8
8-9 2.151 1.167 0.005 0.654 0.675 0.001 0.841 0.184 0.001 1.836 0.143 0.003
ΣdP= 0.042 ΣdP= 0.038 ΣdP= 0.037 ΣdP= 0.04

Analizand suma pierderilor de putere pe fiecare reglaj in parte, s-a constatat ca in

cazul utilizarii unei surse distribuite cu puterea de 5MW, pierderile de putere pe tronsoane au
fost minime atunci cand masina asincrona a functionat la capacitate de 80%.
 7. Analiza variatiilor de tensiune la conectarea si
deconectarea sursei distribuite.

Regim inductiv

Vara:
Pgd=5 [MW]

Uset=100% Uset=107.5% Uset=110%

Nod
Ugd U ΔU% Ugd U ΔU% Ugd U ΔU%
C1 21.476 21.476 0.00% 21.476 21.476 0.00% 21.476 21.476 0.00%
C2 21.429 21.429 0.00% 21.429 21.429 0.00% 21.429 21.429 0.00%
C3 21.399 21.399 0.00% 21.399 21.399 0.00% 21.399 21.399 0.00%
C4 21.377 21.377 0.00% 21.377 21.377 0.00% 21.377 21.377 0.00%
C5 21.368 21.368 0.00% 21.368 21.368 0.00% 21.368 21.368 0.00%
C6 21.101 21.081 0.09% 21.101 21.081 0.09% 21.101 21.081 0.09%
C7 21.122 21.103 0.09% 21.122 21.103 0.09% 21.122 21.103 0.09%
C8 21.15 21.131 0.09% 21.15 21.131 0.09% 21.15 21.131 0.09%
C9 21.161 21.23 -0.33% 21.161 21.23 -0.33% 21.161 21.23 -0.33%
N1 110 110 0.00% 110 110 0.00% 110 110 0.00%
N2 109.71 109.71 0.00% 109.71 109.71 0.00% 109.71 109.71 0.00%
N3 109.554 109.544 0.01% 109.554 109.544 0.01% 109.554 109.544 0.01%
N4 21.599 21.599 0.00% 21.599 21.599 0.00% 21.599 21.599 0.00%
N5 21.238 21.397 -0.75% 21.238 21.397 -0.75% 21.238 21.397 -0.75%
Ngd 21.2 0 100.00% 21.2 0 100.00% 21.2 0 100.00%

Iarna:
Pgd=5 [MW]

Uset=100% Uset=105% Uset=110%

Nod
Ugd U ΔU% Ugd U ΔU% Ugd U ΔU%
C1 21.632 21.632 0.00% 21.632 21.632 0.00% 21.632 21.632 0.00%
C2 21.541 21.541 0.00% 21.541 21.541 0.00% 21.541 21.541 0.00%
C3 21.473 21.473 0.00% 21.473 21.473 0.00% 21.473 21.473 0.00%
C4 21.395 21.395 0.00% 21.395 21.395 0.00% 21.395 21.395 0.00%
C5 21.348 21.348 0.00% 21.348 21.348 0.00% 21.348 21.348 0.00%
C6 21.307 21.307 0.00% 21.307 21.307 0.00% 21.307 21.307 0.00%
C7 21.291 21.291 0.00% 21.291 21.291 0.00% 21.291 21.291 0.00%
C8 21.624 21.608 0.07% 21.624 21.608 0.07% 21.624 21.608 0.07%
C9 21.614 21.684 -0.32% 21.614 21.684 -0.32% 21.614 21.684 -0.32%
N1 110 110 0.00% 110 110 0.00% 110 110 0.00%
N2 109.523 109.523 0.00% 109.523 109.523 0.00% 109.523 109.523 0.00%
N3 109.557 109.55 0.01% 109.557 109.55 0.01% 109.557 109.55 0.01%
N4 21.828 21.828 0.00% 21.828 21.828 0.00% 21.828 21.828 0.00%
N5 21.686 21.843 -0.72% 21.686 21.843 -0.72% 21.686 21.843 -0.72%
Ngd 21.673 0 100.00% 21.673 0 100.00% 21.673 0 100.00%
Regim capacitiv

Vara:
Pgd= 5 [MW]

Uset=100% Uset=107.5% Uset=110%

Nod
Ugd U ΔU% Ugd U ΔU% Ugd U ΔU%
C1 21.476 21.476 0.00% 21.476 21.476 0.00% 2147.60% 21.476 0.00%
C2 21.429 21.429 0.00% 21.429 21.429 0.00% 21.429 21.429 0.00%
C3 21.399 21.399 0.00% 21.399 21.399 0.00% 21.399 21.399 0.00%
C4 21.377 21.377 0.00% 21.377 21.377 0.00% 21.377 21.377 0.00%
C5 21.368 21.368 0.00% 21.368 21.368 0.00% 21.368 21.368 0.00%
C6 21.652 21.081 2.64% 21.652 21.081 2.64% 21.652 21.081 2.64%
C7 21.673 21.103 2.63% 21.673 21.103 2.63% 21.673 21.103 2.63%
C8 21.701 21.131 2.63% 21.701 21.131 2.63% 21.701 21.131 2.63%
C9 21.682 21.23 2.08% 21.682 21.23 2.08% 21.682 21.23 2.08%
N1 110 110 0.00% 110 110 0.00% 110 110 0.00%
N2 109.71 109.71 0.00% 109.71 109.71 0.00% 109.71 109.71 0.00%
N3 109.844 109.544 0.27% 109.844 109.544 0.27% 109.844 109.544 0.27%
N4 21.599 21.599 0.00% 21.599 21.599 0.00% 21.599 21.599 0.00%
N5 21.728 21.397 1.52% 21.728 21.397 1.52% 21.728 21.397 1.52%
Ngd 21.766 0 100.00% 21.766 0 100.00% 21.766 0 100.00%

Iarna:
Pgd= 5 [MW]

Uset=100% Uset=105% Uset=110%

Nod
Ugd U ΔU% Ugd U ΔU% Ugd U ΔU%
C1 21.632 21.632 0.00% 21.632 21.632 0.00% 21.632 21.632 0.00%
C2 21.541 21.541 0.00% 21.541 21.541 0.00% 21.541 21.541 0.00%
C3 21.473 21.473 0.00% 21.473 21.473 0.00% 21.473 21.473 0.00%
C4 21.395 21.395 0.00% 21.395 21.395 0.00% 21.395 21.395 0.00%
C5 21.348 21.348 0.00% 21.348 21.348 0.00% 21.348 21.348 0.00%
C6 21.307 21.307 0.00% 21.307 21.307 0.00% 21.307 21.307 0.00%
C7 21.291 21.291 0.00% 21.291 21.291 0.00% 21.291 21.291 0.00%
C8 22.164 21.608 2.51% 22.164 21.608 2.51% 22.164 21.608 2.51%
C9 22.126 21.684 2.00% 22.126 21.684 2.00% 22.126 21.684 2.00%
N1 110 110 0.00% 110 110 0.00% 110 110 0.00%
N2 109.523 109.523 0.00% 109.523 109.523 0.00% 109.523 109.523 0.00%
N3 109.847 109.55 0.27% 109.847 109.55 0.27% 109.847 109.55 0.27%
N4 21.828 21.828 0.00% 21.828 21.828 0.00% 21.828 21.828 0.00%
N5 22.167 21.843 1.46% 22.167 21.843 1.46% 22.167 21.843 1.46%
Ngd 22.227 0 100.00% 22.227 0 100.00% 22.227 0 100.00%
 8. Analiza variatiei nivelului de tensiune la nodurile
consumatoare in functie de tipul de generator al sursei
distribuite

S-a inlocuit masina asincrona cu o masina sincrona.

Regim inductiv

Vara:
Pgd=5 [MW]

Uset=100% Uset=107.5% Uset=110%

Nod
Ugd U ΔU% Ugd U ΔU% Ugd U ΔU%
C1 21.476 21.476 0.00% 21.476 21.476 0.00% 21.476 21.476 0.00%
C2 21.429 21.429 0.00% 21.429 21.429 0.00% 21.429 21.429 0.00%
C3 21.399 21.399 0.00% 21.399 21.399 0.00% 21.399 21.399 0.00%
C4 21.377 21.377 0.00% 21.377 21.377 0.00% 21.377 21.377 0.00%
C5 21.368 21.368 0.00% 21.368 21.368 0.00% 21.368 21.368 0.00%
C6 21.101 21.081 0.09% 21.101 21.081 0.09% 21.101 21.101 0.00%
C7 21.122 21.103 0.09% 21.122 21.103 0.09% 21.122 21.122 0.00%
C8 21.15 21.131 0.09% 21.15 21.131 0.09% 21.15 21.15 0.00%
C9 21.161 21.23 -0.33% 21.161 21.23 -0.33% 21.161 21.161 0.00%
N1 110 110 0.00% 110 110 0.00% 110 110 0.00%
N2 109.71 109.71 0.00% 109.71 109.71 0.00% 109.71 109.71 0.00%
N3 109.554 109.544 0.01% 109.554 109.544 0.01% 109.554 109.554 0.00%
N4 21.599 21.599 0.00% 21.599 21.599 0.00% 21.599 21.599 0.00%
N5 21.238 21.397 -0.75% 21.238 21.397 -0.75% 21.238 21.238 0.00%
Ngd 21.2 0 100.00% 21.2 0 100.00% 21.2 21.2 0.00%
Iarna:
Pgd=5 [MW]

Uset=100% Uset=107.5% Uset=110%

Nod
Ugd U ΔU% Ugd U ΔU% Ugd U ΔU%
C1 21.632 21.632 0.00% 21.632 21.632 0.00% 21.632 21.632 0.00%
C2 21.541 21.541 0.00% 21.541 21.541 0.00% 21.541 21.541 0.00%
C3 21.473 21.473 0.00% 21.473 21.473 0.00% 21.473 21.473 0.00%
C4 21.395 21.395 0.00% 21.395 21.395 0.00% 21.395 21.395 0.00%
C5 21.348 21.348 0.00% 21.348 21.348 0.00% 21.348 21.348 0.00%
C6 21.307 21.307 0.00% 21.307 21.307 0.00% 21.307 21.307 0.00%
C7 21.291 21.291 0.00% 21.291 21.291 0.00% 21.291 21.291 0.00%
C8 21.624 21.608 0.07% 21.624 21.608 0.07% 21.624 21.608 0.07%
C9 21.614 21.684 -0.32% 21.614 21.684 -0.32% 21.614 21.684 -0.32%
N1 110 110 0.00% 110 110 0.00% 110 110 0.00%
N2 109.523 109.523 0.00% 109.523 109.523 0.00% 109.523 109.523 0.00%
N3 109.557 109.55 0.01% 109.557 109.55 0.01% 109.557 109.55 0.01%
N4 21.828 21.828 0.00% 21.828 21.828 0.00% 21.828 21.828 0.00%
N5 21.686 21.843 -0.72% 21.686 21.843 -0.72% 21.686 21.843 -0.72%
Ngd 21.673 0 100.00% 21.673 0 100.00% 21.673 0 100.00%

Regim capacitiv

Vara:
Pgd= 5 [MW]

Uset=100% Uset=107.5% Uset=110%

Nod
Ugd U ΔU% Ugd U ΔU% Ugd U ΔU%
C1 21.476 21.476 0.00% 21.476 21.476 0.00% 21.476 21.476 0.00%
C2 21.429 21.429 0.00% 21.429 21.429 0.00% 21.429 21.429 0.00%
C3 21.399 21.399 0.00% 21.399 21.399 0.00% 21.399 21.399 0.00%
C4 21.377 21.377 0.00% 21.377 21.377 0.00% 21.377 21.377 0.00%
C5 21.368 21.368 0.00% 21.368 21.368 0.00% 21.368 21.368 0.00%
C6 21.652 21.081 2.64% 21.652 21.081 2.64% 21.652 21.081 2.64%
C7 21.673 21.103 2.63% 21.673 21.103 2.63% 21.673 21.103 2.63%
C8 21.701 21.131 2.63% 21.701 21.131 2.63% 21.701 21.131 2.63%
C9 21.682 21.23 2.08% 21.682 21.23 2.08% 21.682 21.23 2.08%
N1 110 110 0.00% 110 110 0.00% 110 110 0.00%
N2 109.71 109.71 0.00% 109.71 109.71 0.00% 109.71 109.71 0.00%
N3 109.844 109.544 0.27% 109.844 109.544 0.27% 109.844 109.544 0.27%
N4 21.599 21.599 0.00% 21.599 21.599 0.00% 21.599 21.599 0.00%
N5 21.728 21.397 1.52% 21.728 21.397 1.52% 21.728 21.397 1.52%
Ngd 21.766 0 100.00% 21.766 0 100.00% 21.766 0 100.00%
Iarna:
Pgd= 5 [MW]

Uset=100% Uset=107.5% Uset=110%

Nod
Ugd U ΔU% Ugd U ΔU% Ugd U ΔU%
C1 21.632 21.632 0.00% 21.632 21.632 0.00% 21.632 21.632 0.00%
C2 21.541 21.541 0.00% 21.541 21.541 0.00% 21.541 21.541 0.00%
C3 21.473 21.473 0.00% 21.473 21.473 0.00% 21.473 21.473 0.00%
C4 21.395 21.395 0.00% 21.395 21.395 0.00% 21.395 21.395 0.00%
C5 21.348 21.348 0.00% 21.348 21.348 0.00% 21.348 21.348 0.00%
C6 21.307 21.307 0.00% 21.307 21.307 0.00% 21.307 21.307 0.00%
C7 21.291 21.291 0.00% 21.291 21.291 0.00% 21.291 21.291 0.00%
C8 22.164 21.608 2.51% 22.164 21.608 2.51% 22.164 21.608 2.51%
C9 22.126 21.684 2.00% 22.126 21.684 2.00% 22.126 21.684 2.00%
N1 110 110 0.00% 110 110 0.00% 110 110 0.00%
N2 109.523 109.523 0.00% 109.523 109.523 0.00% 109.523 109.523 0.00%
N3 109.847 109.55 0.27% 109.847 109.55 0.27% 109.847 109.55 0.27%
N4 21.828 21.828 0.00% 21.828 21.828 0.00% 21.828 21.828 0.00%
N5 22.167 21.843 1.46% 22.167 21.843 1.46% 22.167 21.843 1.46%
Ngd 22.227 0 100.00% 22.227 0 100.00% 22.227 0 100.00%
 9. Analiza influentei sursei distribuite asupra curentilor de
scurtcircuit

Vara:

Isc cu SD [kA]
Nod Isc fara SD [kA] Pgd=5 [MW] Pgd=1 [MW]
Inductiv Capacitiv Inductiv Capacitiv
100%
C8 3.193 4.538 4.538 4.538 4.538
N4 3.687 3.702 3.702 3.702 3.702
N5 3.687 4.962 4.962 4.962 4.962
107.50%
C8 3.193 4.538 4.538 4.538 4.538
N4 3.687 3.702 3.702 3.702 3.702
N5 3.687 4.962 4.962 4.962 4.962
110%
C8 3.193 4.538 4.538 4.538 4.538
N4 3.687 3.702 3.702 3.702 3.702
N5 3.687 4.962 4.962 4.962 4.962
Iarna:

Isc cu SD [kA]
Nod Isc fara SD [kA] Pgd=5 [MW] Pgd=1 [MW]
Inductiv Capacitiv Inductiv Capacitiv
100%
C8 3.193 4.538 4.538 4.538 4.538
N4 3.687 3.702 3.702 3.702 3.702
N5 3.687 4.962 4.962 4.962 4.962
107.50%
C8 3.193 4.538 4.538 4.538 4.538
N4 3.687 3.702 3.702 3.702 3.702
N5 3.687 4.962 4.962 4.962 4.962
110%
C8 3.193 4.538 4.538 4.538 4.538
N4 3.687 3.702 3.702 3.702 3.702
N5 3.687 4.962 4.962 4.962 4.962
 10. Stabilirea configuratiei optime a retelei electrice de
medie tensiune pentru diferite regimuri de functionare a
sursei distribuie

Regim inductiv

Vara:

Pgd=5 [MW] - 100% Pgd=1 [MW] - 20%

Tronson deconectat ΔPretea [MW] Umin [kV] Umax [kV] Imax [A] Iadm [A] ΔPretea [MW] Umin [kV] Umax [kV] Imax [A] Iadm [A]
Uset 100%
1-2 0.201 20.585 21.687 145 0.258 20.564 21.685 245
2-3 0.178 20.75 21.628 170 0.223 20.733 21.628 227
3-4 0.161 20.965 21.539 149 0.191 20.953 21.539 200
4-5 0.16 21.03 21.502 144 0.184 21.019 21.512 190
225 225
5-6 0.163 21.101 21.476 143 0.179 21.093 21.476 178
6-7 0.184 21.166 21.382 159 0.184 21.166 21.382 159
7-8 0.209 21.017 21.317 177 0.198 21.017 21.377 177
8-9 0.244 20.788 21.662 178 0.314 20.383 21.662 238
Uset 107.50%
1-2 0.201 20.585 21.687 185 0.258 20.564 21.687 245
2-3 0.178 20.75 21.628 170 0.223 20.615 21.628 227
3-4 0.161 20.965 21.539 149 0.191 20.015 21.539 200
4-5 0.16 21.03 21.512 144 0.184 21.019 21.512 190
225 225
5-6 0.163 21.101 21.476 143 0.179 21.093 21.476 178
6-7 0.183 21.166 21.382 143 0.184 21.166 21.382 159
7-8 0.209 21.017 21.317 177 0.196 21.017 21.317 177
8-9 0.244 20.897 21.662 178 0.314 20.383 21.662 238
Uset 110%
1-2 0.201 20.585 21.687 185 0.258 20.564 21.687 249
2-3 0.178 20.615 21.628 170 0.223 20.733 21.628 227
3-4 0.161 20.965 21.539 149 0.191 20.953 21.539 200
4-5 0.16 21.03 21.512 144 0.184 21.019 21.512 190
225 225
5-6 0.163 21.101 21.476 143 0.179 21.093 21.476 178
6-7 0.184 21.166 21.382 159 0.184 21.166 21.382 159
7-8 0.209 21.017 21.317 177 0.198 21.017 21.377 177
8-9 0.244 20.788 21.662 178 0.314 20.383 21.662 238

In urma incercarii de deconectare a fiecarui tronson, solutia optima din punct de

vedere a pierderilor de putere activa pe aceasta retea a fost inregistrata intre C4 si C5 pentru
regimul inductiv, vara, la capacitatea maxima a sursei, 5MW. La capacitatea de 20% a sursei,
1MW, solutia optima a fost inregistrata intre C5 si C6..
Iarna:

Pgd=5 [MW] - 100% Pgd=1 [MW] - 20%

Tronson deconectat ΔPretea [MW] Umin [kV] Umax [kV] Imax [A] Iadm [A] ΔPretea [MW] Umin [kV] Umax [kV] Imax [A] Iadm [A]
Uset 100%
1-2 0.271 20.752 22.063 233 0.355 20.724 22.063 299
2-3 0.237 20.944 21.995 214 0.308 20.951 21.995 277
3-4 0.21 21.837 21.892 188 0.262 21.175 21.892 246
4-5 0.206 21.27 21.86 179 0.252 21.253 21.86 235
225 225
5-6 0.208 21.353 21.817 168 0.244 21.339 21.817 221
6-7 0.23 21.463 21.708 188 0.247 21.463 21.708 190
7-8 0.259 21.291 21.632 208 0.265 21.291 21.677 208
8-9 0.317 20.91 22.033 224 0.451 20.461 22.033 291
Uset 105.00%
1-2 0.271 20.752 22.063 233 0.355 20.724 22.063 299
2-3 0.237 20.944 21.995 214 0.308 20.951 21.995 277
3-4 0.21 21.837 21.892 188 0.262 21.175 21.892 246
4-5 0.206 21.27 21.86 179 0.252 21.253 21.86 235
225 225
5-6 0.208 21.353 21.817 168 0.244 21.339 21.817 221
6-7 0.23 21.463 21.708 188 0.247 21.463 21.708 190
7-8 0.259 21.291 21.632 208 0.265 21.291 21.677 208
8-9 0.317 20.91 22.033 224 0.451 20.461 22.033 291
Uset 110%
1-2 0.271 20.752 22.063 233 0.355 20.724 22.063 299
2-3 0.237 20.944 21.995 214 0.308 20.951 21.995 277
3-4 0.21 21.837 21.892 188 0.262 21.175 21.892 246
4-5 0.206 21.27 21.86 179 0.252 21.253 21.86 235
225 225
5-6 0.208 21.353 21.817 168 0.244 21.339 21.817 221
6-7 0.23 21.463 21.708 188 0.247 21.463 21.708 190
7-8 0.259 21.291 21.632 208 0.265 21.291 21.677 208
8-9 0.317 20.91 22.033 224 0.451 20.461 22.033 291

In urma incercarii de deconectare a fiecarui tronson, solutia optima din punct de

vedere a pierderilor de putere activa pe aceasta retea a fost inregistrata intre C4 si C5 pentru
regimul inductiv, iarna, la capacitatea maxima a sursei, 5MW. La capacitatea de 20% a
sursei, 1MW, solutia optima a fost inregistrata intre C5 si C6..
Regim capacitiv

Vara:

Pgd=5 [MW] - 100% Pgd=1 [MW] - 20%

Tronson deconectat ΔPretea [MW] Umin [kV] Umax [kV] Imax [A] Iadm [A] ΔPretea [MW] Umin [kV] Umax [kV] Imax [A] Iadm [A]
Uset 100%
1-2 0.139 21.157 21.687 141 0.244 20.681 21.687 236
2-3 0.122 21.316 21.628 141 0.211 20.848 21.628 217
3-4 0.113 21.49 21.622 140 0.18 21.09 21.539 191
4-5 0.115 21.442 21.659 140 0.174 21.132 21.512 181
225 225
5-6 0.12 21.368 21.682 140 0.17 21.204 21.476 169
6-7 0.148 21.166 21.766 159 0.176 21.166 21.419 159
7-8 0.177 21.017 21.822 177 0.192 21.017 21.48 177
8-9 0.114 21.455 21.662 140 0.285 20.538 21.662 228
Uset 107.50%
1-2 0.139 21.157 21.687 141 0.244 20.681 21.687 236
2-3 0.122 21.316 21.628 141 0.211 20.848 21.628 217
3-4 0.113 21.49 21.622 140 0.18 21.09 21.539 191
4-5 0.115 21.442 21.659 140 0.174 21.132 21.512 181
225 225
5-6 0.12 21.368 21.682 140 0.17 21.204 21.476 169
6-7 0.148 21.166 21.766 159 0.176 21.166 21.419 159
7-8 0.177 21.017 21.822 177 0.192 21.017 21.48 177
8-9 0.114 21.455 21.662 140 0.285 20.538 21.662 228
Uset 110%
1-2 0.139 21.157 21.687 141 0.244 20.681 21.687 236
2-3 0.122 21.316 21.628 141 0.211 20.848 21.628 217
3-4 0.113 21.49 21.622 140 0.18 21.09 21.539 191
4-5 0.115 21.442 21.659 140 0.174 21.132 21.512 181
225 225
5-6 0.12 21.368 21.682 140 0.17 21.204 21.476 169
6-7 0.148 21.166 21.766 159 0.176 21.166 21.419 159
7-8 0.177 21.017 21.822 177 0.192 21.017 21.48 177
8-9 0.114 21.455 21.662 140 0.285 20.538 21.662 228

In urma incercarii de deconectare a fiecarui tronson, solutia optima din punct de

vedere a pierderilor de putere activa pe aceasta retea a fost inregistrata intre C3 si C4 pentru
regimul capacitiv, vara, la capacitatea maxima a sursei, 5MW. La capacitatea de 20% a
sursei, 1MW, solutia optima a fost inregistrata intre C4 si C5..
Iarna:

Pgd=5 [MW] - 100% Pgd=1 [MW] - 20%

Tronson deconectat ΔPretea [MW] Umin [kV] Umax [kV] Imax [A] Iadm [A] ΔPretea [MW] Umin [kV] Umax [kV] Imax [A] Iadm [A]
Uset 100%
1-2 0.195 21.327 22.063 172 0.338 20.841 22.063 289
2-3 0.168 21.511 21.995 152 0.292 21.035 21.995 268
3-4 0.151 21.751 21.889 139 0.249 21.288 21.892 237
4-5 0.15 21.78 21.922 143 0.24 21.366 21.88 226
225 225
5-6 0.155 21.695 21.961 156 0.233 21.451 21.817 212
6-7 0.184 21.463 22.06 188 0.238 21.463 21.709 188
7-8 0.219 21.291 22.164 208 0.257 21.291 21.78 208
8-9 0.158 21.609 22.033 160 0.414 20.617 22.033 281
Uset 105.00%
1-2 0.195 21.327 22.063 172 0.338 20.841 22.063 289
2-3 0.168 21.511 21.995 152 0.292 21.035 21.995 268
3-4 0.151 21.751 21.889 139 0.249 21.288 21.892 237
4-5 0.15 21.78 21.922 143 0.24 21.366 21.88 226
225 225
5-6 0.155 21.695 21.961 156 0.233 21.451 21.817 212
6-7 0.184 21.463 22.06 188 0.238 21.463 21.709 188
7-8 0.219 21.291 22.164 208 0.257 21.291 21.78 208
8-9 0.158 21.609 22.033 160 0.414 20.617 22.033 281
Uset 110%
1-2 0.195 21.327 22.063 172 0.338 20.841 22.063 289
2-3 0.168 21.511 21.995 152 0.292 21.035 21.995 268
3-4 0.151 21.751 21.889 139 0.249 21.288 21.892 237
4-5 0.15 21.78 21.922 143 0.24 21.366 21.88 226
225 225
5-6 0.155 21.695 21.961 156 0.233 21.451 21.817 212
6-7 0.184 21.463 22.06 188 0.238 21.463 21.709 188
7-8 0.219 21.291 22.164 208 0.257 21.291 21.78 208
8-9 0.158 21.609 22.033 160 0.414 20.617 22.033 281

In urma incercarii de deconectare a fiecarui tronson, solutia optima din punct de

vedere a pierderilor de putere activa pe aceasta retea a fost inregistrata intre C4 si C5 pentru
regimul capacitiv, iarna, la capacitatea maxima a sursei, 5MW. La capacitatea de 20% a
sursei, 1MW, solutia optima a fost inregistrata intre C5 si C6..
 Concluzii

In urma rularii programului s-a constatat ca pierderile de putere reactiva,

atat in cazul functionarii buclate, cat si in cazul debuclarii retelei sunt pozitive
ceea ce reprezinta faptul ca reteaua absoarbe putere reactiva din sistem.
Imbunatatirea factorului de putere la consumatorii ce il aveau sub
valoarea de 0,9 a condus la o imbunatatire a tensiunii la nivelul acestor
consumatori, implicit a condus la imbunatatirea nivelului de tensiune in cadrul
intregii retele.
Analizand suma pierderilor de putere in regim inductiv pe fiecare reglaj
in parte, atat vara cat si iarna, s-a constatat ca in cazul utilizarii unei surse
distribuite cu puterea de 5MW, pierderile de putere pe tronsoane au fost minime
atunci cand masina asincrona a functionat la capacitate de 100%.
Facand analiza pierderilor de putere in regim capacitiv pe fiecare reglaj in
parte, atat vara cat si iarna, s-a constatat ca in cazul utilizarii unei surse
distribuite cu puterea de 5MW, pierderile de putere pe tronsoane au fost minime
atunci cand masina asincrona a functionat la capacitate de 80%, adica 4MW.
In urma simularilor, se poate observa ca atat pentru perioada de vara cat
si pentru perioada de iarna, datorita alimentarii radiale si cuplele deschise,
tensiunile nodale cand se modifica sursa distribuita ca fiind asincrona/sincrona,
se modifica doar pentru consumatorii ce fac parte de pe partea unde se regaseste
si sursa distribuita.