Universitatea Tehnic Gheorghe Asachi din Iai

Facultatea de Construcii i Instalaii

METODE AVANSATE N CALCULUL

STRUCTURILOR
LUCRAREA NR III

Masterand Solonaru Maria

Reabilitarea i Creterea Siguranei Construciilor

2011-2012

Metode avansate n calculul structurilor

Rspunsul seismic al unei structure date.

1. Enunul problemei
S se traseze grafice privind rspunsul seismic al unei structuri date, pentru deplasri, viteze,
acceleraii, for tietoare, moment ncovoietor, efort unitar normal, efort unitar tangenial i
un grafic comparativ al primelor trei, n baza nregistrrilor seismului din Vrancea, 4 martie
1977.

2. Analiza problemei
Se d structura din figura de mai jos:

+ + =
=
= = 2
= = 2
Prioritatea ecuaiilor:
NOD
0
1
2
3
4
5
6

Ec X
13
15
17
10 ec
1m
2m
7 ec

Solonaru Maria

Ec Y
14
16
18
11 ec
5 ec
3 ec
8 ec

Ec Z
20
21
19
12 ec
6 ec
4 ec
9 ec

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Metode avansate n calculul structurilor

3. Programarea problemei
Pentru rezolvarea problemei s-a folosit programul de calcul Matlab.
% masterand Maria Solonaru, RCSC
close all
clear all
disp('structuri cu nGDL - raspuns seismic - conf TS si MEF')
% date de intrare
bs=20; %latimea sectiunii
bs=bs/100;
hs=40; %inaltimea sectiunii (cm)
hs=hs/100;
niu=5; %procentul din amortizarea critica (%)
niu=niu/100;
E=2.1e6;%modulul de elasticitate(daN/cm^2)
E=E*1e6;
%calculul caracteristicilor geometrice
%momentul de inertie (m^4)
I=bs*hs^3/12;
% date referitoare la structura
ngld=2;
% mase
m1=1e6;
m2=1e6;
% generare matricea maselor
m=diag([m1,m2]);
% MEF pt det matr de rigidit
% nr de noduri
nnod=7;
% nr de bare
nbar=6;
% coordonate noduri
xnod(1)=0; ynod(1)=0;
xnod(2)=5; ynod(2)=-5;
xnod(3)=15; ynod(3)=-5;
xnod(4)=0; ynod(4)=5;
xnod(5)=10; ynod(5)=5;
xnod(6)=10; ynod(6)=0;
xnod(7)=15; ynod(7)=0;
% descrierea barelor
bnodi(1)=1; bnodj(1)=4; tip(1)=2; nI(1)=1;
bnodi(2)=4; bnodj(2)=5; tip(2)=1; nI(2)=2;
bnodi(3)=5; bnodj(3)=6; tip(3)=1; nI(3)=1;
bnodi(4)=6; bnodj(4)=2; tip(4)=2; nI(4)=3;
bnodi(5)=6; bnodj(5)=7; tip(5)=1; nI(5)=2;
bnodi(6)=7; bnodj(6)=3; tip(6)=1; nI(6)=1;
% calculul lung barelor
for nb=1:nbar
lb(nb)=sqrt((xnod(bnodi(nb))-xnod(bnodj(nb)))^2+(ynod(bnodi(nb))-ynod(bnodj(nb)))^2);
nI(nb)=nI(nb)*I;
aria(nb)=bs*(12*nI(nb)*I/bs)^(1/3);
end
% conventie de tip
% 1 = bara dublu incastrata
% 2 = bara articulat-incastrata
% desenare structura = desenare bare
h11=figure(1);
set(h11,'name','masterand Solonaru Maria, RCSC an I')
set(h11,'color',[0.98 0 0.8])
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Metode avansate n calculul structurilor

hold on
for nb=1:nbar
h12=plot([xnod(bnodi(nb)) xnod(bnodj(nb))],[ynod(bnodi(nb)) ynod(bnodj(nb))]);
set(h12,'color',[1 0.3 0])
set(h12,'linewidth',[2])
end
hold off
ax=axis;
proc=0.15;
ax(1)=ax(1)-proc*abs(ax(2)-ax(1));
ax(2)=ax(2)+proc*abs(ax(2)-ax(1));
ax(3)=ax(3)-proc*abs(ax(4)-ax(3));
ax(4)=ax(4)+proc*abs(ax(4)-ax(3));
axis(ax)
% numerotare noduri fol instr text
for nd=1:nnod
h14=text(xnod(nd),ynod(nd),num2str(nd));
set(h14,'fontweight','bold','color','r')
end
% numerotare bare
for nb=1:nbar
xcb=xnod(bnodi(nb))+(xnod(bnodj(nb))-xnod(bnodi(nb)))/2;
ycb=ynod(bnodi(nb))+(ynod(bnodj(nb))-ynod(bnodi(nb)))/2;
h13=text(xcb,ycb,num2str(nb))
set(h13,'fontangle','italic','color','b','fontsize',14)
end
% numar total de ecuatii
ntec=nnod*3;
% nr de ec generate in plus fata de nr de gld-uri
restec=7;
% atribuirea ecuatiilor pe nod
ecx(1)=13; ecy(1)=14; ecz(1)=20;
ecx(2)=15; ecy(2)=16; ecz(2)=21;
ecx(3)=17; ecy(3)=18; ecz(3)=19;
ecx(4)=10; ecy(4)=11; ecz(4)=12;
ecx(5)=1; ecy(5)=5; ecz(5)=6;
ecx(6)=2; ecy(6)=3; ecz(6)=4;
ecx(7)=7; ecy(7)=8; ecz(7)=9;
% matricea de rigiditate totala a structurii
Kst=zeros(ntec,ntec);
% generare matrici de rigiditate locale/globale
for nb=1:nbar
Kbloc=zeros(6,6);
disp([' se genereaza matricea barei ' , num2str(nb)])
switch tip(nb)
case 1
disp([' bara ',num2str(nb),'este de tip 1'])
% bara dublu incastrata partea superioara
Kbloc(1,1)=E*aria(nb)/lb(nb);Kbloc(1,4)=-Kbloc(1,1);
Kbloc(2,2)=12*E*nI(nb)/lb(nb)^3;Kbloc(2,3)=6*E*nI(nb)/lb(nb)^2;
Kbloc(2,5)=-Kbloc(2,2); Kbloc(2,6)=Kbloc(2,3);
Kbloc(3,3)=4*E*nI(nb)/lb(nb); Kbloc(3,5)=-Kbloc(2,3);Kbloc(3,6)=Kbloc(3,3)/2;
Kbloc(4,4)=Kbloc(1,1);
Kbloc(5,5)=Kbloc(2,2); Kbloc(5,6)=-Kbloc(2,3);
Kbloc(6,6)=Kbloc(3,3);
% simetrizare
Kbloc=Kbloc'+Kbloc;
for ii=1:6; Kbloc(ii,ii)=Kbloc(ii,ii)/2; end
case 2
disp([' bara ' ,num2str(nb), 'este de tip 2'])
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% bara articulat incastrata

Kbloc(1,1)=E*aria(nb)/lb(nb);Kbloc(1,4)=-Kbloc(1,1);
Kbloc(2,2)=3*E*nI(nb)/lb(nb)^3;
Kbloc(2,5)=-Kbloc(2,2);Kbloc(2,6)=3*E*nI(nb)/lb(nb)^2;
Kbloc(4,4)=Kbloc(1,1);
Kbloc(5,5)=Kbloc(2,2);Kbloc(5,6)=-Kbloc(2,6);
Kbloc(6,6)=3*E*nI(nb)/lb(nb);
% simetrizare
Kbloc=Kbloc'+Kbloc;
for ii=1:6; Kbloc(ii,ii)=Kbloc(ii,ii)/2; end
otherwise
disp([' bara ' ,num2str(nb), 'este de tip necunoscut'])
break
end
% cosinusuri directoare
sd=(ynod(bnodj(nb))-ynod(bnodi(nb)))/lb(nb);
cd=(xnod(bnodj(nb))-xnod(bnodi(nb)))/lb(nb);
% matr de transf din coord loc in coord gen
Tr=[cd sd 0 0 0 0;
-sd cd 0 0 0 0;
0 0 1 0 0 0;
0 0 0 cd sd 0;
0 0 0 -sd cd 0;
0 0 0 0 0 1];
Kbgen=Tr'*Kbloc*Tr;
% vectorul ecuatiilor pe nodurile barei curente
vec=[ecx(bnodi(nb)) ecy(bnodi(nb)) ecz(bnodi(nb)) ecx(bnodj(nb)) ecy(bnodj(nb)) ecz(bnodj(nb))];
% aportul barei curente la matricea statica totala
for ii=1:6
for jj=1:6
Kst(vec(ii),vec(jj))=Kst(vec(ii),vec(jj))+Kbgen(ii,jj);
end
end
end
% extragerea matricei de rigiditate reduse
Kred=Kst(1:ngld+restec,1:ngld+restec);
% matricea de rigiditate dupa directiile gld
R11=Kred(1:ngld,1:ngld);
R12=Kred(1:ngld,ngld+1:end);
R21=Kred(ngld+1:end,1:ngld);
R22=Kred(ngld+1:end,ngld+1:end);
k=R11-R12*inv(R22)*R21;
% problema de valori si vectori proprii
[Up,Wp]=eig(k,m);
omg2=diag(Wp);
omg=sqrt(omg2);
per=2*pi./omg;
for jj=1:ngld
for ii=2:ngld
Up(ii,jj)=Up(ii,jj)/Up(1,jj);
end
Up(1,jj)=1;
end
% generarea matricii de amortizare
mg=Up'*m*Up; % matricea generalizata a maselor
cg=diag(2*niu*omg.*diag(mg)); % matricea generalizata a amortizarii
c=inv(Up')*cg*inv(Up); % matricea de amortizare
% teoria sistemelor
% alcatuirea matricei A
A=[zeros(ngld) eye(ngld);
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Metode avansate n calculul structurilor

-inv(m)*k -inv(m)*c];
[U,W]=eig(A); % problema complexa de valori si vectori proprii
% verificare niu si omega
dW=diag(W);
rp=real(dW(1:2:end));
ip=imag(dW(1:2:end));
rap=rp./ip;
vniu=abs(rap./sqrt(1+rap.^2));
vomega=-rp./vniu;
% alcatuirea matricei B
B=[zeros(ngld,1);
ones(ngld,1)];
% alcatuirea matricei C cu deplasari, viteze si acceleratii
C=[ eye(2*ngld);
-inv(m)*k -inv(m)*c];
% alcatuirea matricei D
D=[zeros(2*ngld,1);
ones(ngld,1)];
% alcatuire sistem
sngld=ss(A,B,C,D);
% incarcarea exterioara - seism
load VRAN.ACC
[n,mc]=size(VRAN);
pt=0.02;% pasul de timp
timp=0:pt:(n-1)*pt;
nordsud=VRAN(:,2)/100;
[y1max,i1max]=max(nordsud);
[y1min,i1min]=min(nordsud);
h21=figure(2)
set(h21,'color',[0 0.8 1])
set(h21,'name','macs seism1 NS Vrancea')
h22=plot(timp,nordsud,[0 timp(end)],[0,0])
set(h22(1),'color',[1 0.43 0.23])
set(h22(1),'linewidth',[2])
set(h22(2),'color',[0.1 0.6 0.5])
set(h22(2),'linewidth',[2])
set(h22(2),'linestyle','--')
h33=title('Vrancea 4 martie 1977 NS');
set(h33,'fontname','times','fontsize',16')
set(h33,'color',[0.3 0 1])
h34=xlabel('timpul (t)');
set(h34,'fontname','times','fontsize',20)
set(h34,'color',[ 0.9 0.6 0.5])
h35=ylabel('deplasarea (m)');
set(h35,'fontname','times','fontsize',18)
set(h35,'color',[ 0.7 0.5 0.1])
set(gca,'color',[0.8 0.8 0.6])
ax=axis;
ax(2)=timp(end);
ax(3)=y1min*1.1;
ax(4)=y1max*1.1;
axis(ax);
set(gca,'color',[0.4 0.9 0.8])
% generare raspuns seismic
y=lsim(sngld,nordsud,timp);
% afisarea rezultatelor
z1=y(:,1);
h31=figure(3);
set(h31,'color',[0.8 0.23 1])
set(h31,'name','masterand Maria Solonaru, RCSC an I')
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Metode avansate n calculul structurilor

h32=plot(timp,z1,[0 timp(end)],[0 0], '--',timp,inf,timp,-inf);

set(h32(1),'color',[1 0.23 1])
set(h32(1),'linewidth',[2])
set(h32(2),'color',[0.5 1 0.4])
set(h32(2),'linewidth',[2])
set(h32(2),'linestyle','--')
h33=title('Raspunsul seismic al structurii - deplasari pe directia cu 1gdl');
set(h33,'fontname','times','fontsize',16')
set(h33,'color',[ 0.235 0.2 0.7])
h34=xlabel('timpul (t)');
set(h34,'fontname','times','fontsize',20)
set(h34,'color',[ 0.98 0.435 0.5])
h35=ylabel('deplasarea (m)');
set(h35,'fontname','times','fontsize',18)
set(h35,'color',[ 0.7 0.5 0.1])
set(gca,'color',[0.213 0.987 0.6])
%calculul minimului si maximului
[z1max,imax]=max(z1);
[z1min,imin]=min(z1);
h36=text(timp(imax)*1.10,0.95*z1max,['maxim=',num2str(z1max),' pentru t=',num2str(z1(imax))])
set(h36,'fontweight','bold')
h37=text(timp(imin)*1.10,0.95*z1min,['minim=',num2str(z1min),' pentru t=',num2str(z1(imin))])
set(h37,'fontweight','bold')
z2=y(:,2);
h41=figure(4);
set(h41,'color',[0.41 0.78 0.8])
set(h41,'name','masterand Maria Solonaru, RCSC an I')
h42=plot(timp,z2,[0 timp(end)],[0 0], '--',timp,inf,timp,-inf);
set(h42(1),'color',[0.43 0.54 1])
set(h42(1),'linewidth',[2])
set(h42(2),'color',[0.0 1 0.4])
set(h42(2),'linewidth',[2])
set(h42(2),'linestyle','--')
h43=title('Raspunsul seismic al structurii - deplasari pe directia cu 2gdl');
set(h43,'fontname','times','fontsize',16')
set(h43,'color',[ 0.6 0.2 0.7])
h44=xlabel('timpul (t)');
set(h44,'fontname','times','fontsize',20)
set(h44,'color',[ 0.5 0.6 0.5])
h45=ylabel('deplasarea (m)');
set(h45,'fontname','times','fontsize',18)
set(h45,'color',[ 0.7 0.5 0.1])
set(gca,'color',[0.1323 0.789 0.6])
%calculul minimului si maximului
[z2max,imax]=max(z2);
[z2min,imin]=min(z2);
h46=text(timp(imax)*1.10,0.95*z2max,['maxim=',num2str(z2max),' pentru t=',num2str(z2(imax))])
set(h36,'fontweight','bold')
h47=text(timp(imin)*1.10,0.95*z2min,['minim=',num2str(z2min),' pentru t=',num2str(z2(imin))])
set(h47,'fontweight','bold')
z3=y(:,3);
h51=figure(5);
set(h51,'color',[0.78 0.986 0.8])
set(h51,'name','masterand Maria Solonaru, RCSC an I')
h52=plot(timp,z3,[0 timp(end)],[0 0], '--',timp,inf,timp,-inf);
set(h52(1),'color',[1 0.54 0])
set(h52(1),'linewidth',[2])
set(h52(2),'color',[1 0.65 0.4])
set(h52(2),'linewidth',[2])
set(h52(2),'linestyle','--')
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Metode avansate n calculul structurilor

h53=title('Raspunsul seismic al structurii - viteze pe directia cu 1gdl');

set(h53,'fontname','times','fontsize',16')
set(h53,'color',[ 0.6 0.2 0.7])
h54=xlabel('timpul (t)');
set(h54,'fontname','times','fontsize',20)
set(h54,'color',[ 0.78 0.2 0.5])
h55=ylabel('viteza (m/s)');
set(h55,'fontname','times','fontsize',18)
set(h55,'color',[ 0.234 0.5 0.1])
set(gca,'color',[0.9 0 0.6])
%calculul minimelui si maximului
[z3max,imax]=max(z3);
[z3min,imin]=min(z3);
h56=text(timp(imax)*1.10,0.95*z3max,['maxim=',num2str(z3max),' pentru t=',num2str(z3(imax))])
set(h56,'fontweight','bold')
h57=text(timp(imin)*1.10,0.95*z3min,['minim=',num2str(z3min),' pentru t=',num2str(z3(imin))])
set(h57,'fontweight','bold')
z4=y(:,4);
h61=figure(6);
set(h61,'color',[0.789 0.8 0.8])
set(h61,'name','masterand Maria Solonaru-RCSC an I')
h62=plot(timp,z4,[0 timp(end)],[0 0], '--',timp,inf,timp,-inf);
set(h62(1),'color',[0 0.43 1])
set(h62(1),'linewidth',[2])
set(h62(2),'color',[0.987 1 0.4])
set(h62(2),'linewidth',[2])
set(h62(2),'linestyle','--')
h63=title('Raspunsul seismic al structurii - viteze pe directia cu 2gdl');
set(h63,'fontname','times','fontsize',16')
set(h63,'color',[ 0.6 0.2 0.7])
h64=xlabel('timpul (t)');
set(h64,'fontname','times','fontsize',20)
set(h64,'color',[ 0.98 0.6 0.5])
h65=ylabel('viteza (m/s)');
set(h65,'fontname','times','fontsize',18)
set(h65,'color',[ 0.21 0.5 0.1])
set(gca,'color',[0.43 0.1 0.6])
%calculul minimului si maximului
[z4max,imax]=max(z4);
[z4min,imin]=min(z4);
h66=text(timp(imax)*1.10,0.95*z4max,['maxim=',num2str(z4max),' pentru t=',num2str(z4(imax))])
set(h66,'fontweight','bold')
h67=text(timp(imin)*1.10,0.95*z4min,['minim=',num2str(z4min),' pentru t=',num2str(z4(imin))])
set(h67,'fontweight','bold')
z5=y(:,5);
h71=figure(7);
set(h71,'color',[0.17 0.2 0.8])
set(h71,'name','masterand Maria Solonaru, RCSC an I')
h72=plot(timp,z5,[0 timp(end)],[0 0], '--',timp,inf,timp,-inf);
set(h72(1),'color',[1 0.65 1])
set(h72(1),'linewidth',[2])
set(h72(2),'color',[0.98 1 0.4])
set(h72(2),'linewidth',[2])
set(h72(2),'linestyle','--')
h73=title('Raspunsul seismic al structurii - acceleratii pe directia cu 1gdl');
set(h73,'fontname','times','fontsize',16')
set(h73,'color',[ 0.6 1 0.7])
h74=xlabel('timpul (t)');
set(h74,'fontname','times','fontsize',20)
set(h74,'color',[ 1 0.6 0])
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h75=ylabel('accelaratia (m/s2)');
set(h75,'fontname','times','fontsize',18)
set(h75,'color',[ 0.65 0.5 0.1])
set(gca,'color',[0.98 0.23 0.6])
%calculul minimului si maximului
[z5max,imax]=max(z5);
[z5min,imin]=min(z5);
h76=text(timp(imax)*1.10,0.95*z5max,['maxim=',num2str(z5max),' pentru t=',num2str(z5(imax))])
set(h76,'fontweight','bold')
h77=text(timp(imin)*1.10,0.95*z5min,['minim=',num2str(z5min),' pentru t=',num2str(z5(imin))])
set(h77,'fontweight','bold')
z6=y(:,6);
h81=figure(8);
set(h81,'color',[0.98 0.22 0.8])
set(h81,'name','masterand Maria Solonaru-RCSC an I')
h82=plot(timp,z6,[0 timp(end)],[0 0], '--',timp,inf,timp,-inf);
set(h82(1),'color',[1 0.54 1])
set(h82(1),'linewidth',[1])
set(h82(2),'color',[0.23 1 0.4])
set(h82(2),'linewidth',[1])
set(h82(2),'linestyle','--')
h83=title('Raspunsul seismic al structurii - acceleratii pe directia cu 2gdl');
set(h83,'fontname','times','fontsize',16')
set(h83,'color',[ 0.67 0.2 0.7])
h84=xlabel('timpul (t)');
set(h84,'fontname','times','fontsize',20)
set(h84,'color',[ 0.23 0.6 0.5])
h85=ylabel('acceleratia (m/s2)');
set(h85,'fontname','times','fontsize',18)
set(h85,'color',[ 0.235 0.5 0.1])
set(gca,'color',[0.67 0.8 0.6])
%calculul minimului si maximului
[z6max,imax]=max(z6);
[z6min,imin]=min(z6);
h86=text(timp(imax)*1.10,0.95*z6max,['maxim=',num2str(z6max),' pentru t=',num2str(z6(imax))])
set(h86,'fontweight','bold')
h87=text(timp(imin)*1.10,0.95*z6min,['minim=',num2str(z6min),' pentru t=',num2str(z6(imin))])
set(h87,'fontweight','bold')

3. Rezultate
Perioada fundamentala a structurii n programele Matlab, respectiv LinPro a rezultat:

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4. Verificarea perioadei proprii de vibraie cu un program.

Pentru aceast verificare s-a folosit programul de calcul pentru structuri LINPRO.

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