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NDEPLINIREA OBIECTIVELOR PROPUSE
1.
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le "PROMOSIM S.A."
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este produse au
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3).
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l unitar
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iale.
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MANAGER1/ Cotemark, Cotedim;

QM/Markov Analysis; WINQSB/ Mkp
PLQLPL]DUHDFKHOWXLHOLORUGHSURGXFWLHLVWRFDUH
ANCHETE
M2
CONTRACTE
TEHNOLOG
Modelul liniar pentru stabilirea programului

stocare
(VWLPDUHDYkQ] ULLSURGXVHORU
GHSURGXF LH
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vQIDEULFD LHDSURGXVXOXL'
Cazul duratelor deterministe

Cazul duratelor probabiliste
Date tehnico
LDQDOL]DFRVW GXUDW
HFRQRPLFHLGH
SURGXF LH
Norme
Costuri
Categorii
de
ncadrare
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L
de
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&DSDFLW
L
M6
M7
QM/CPM/PERT/ CPM with Crashing;
'(&,=,$0$1$*(5,$/
WINQSB/PERT-CPM/ Probabilistic PERT;

WINQSB/PERT-CPM/ Deterministic CPM
Calculul profitului maxim probabil n cazul n care se
YDODQVDSHSLD SURGXVXO D2004
QM/ DECISION THEORY/ Decision tree;
WINQSB/Da/ Decision tree
de stocare
Produse
Figura 1
M8
M5
QM/Linear Programming; Goal Programming; WINQSB/ Lp-ilp, Gp-ilp
QM/ SIMULATION/ Monte Carlo Simulation

3URJUDPDUHDDFWLYLW
M4
Tabelul 1
Produsul
Costul
unitar de
SURGXF LH
Profitul
unitar
(u.m./u.f.)
(u.m./u.f.)
Productivitatea
utilajului
Productivitatea
muncii
( ore/u.f.)
(ore/u.f.)
6XSUDID D
de stocare
(u.s./u.f.)
A2001
20 + c
5 + 0,1c
0,1
0,05
B2002
10 + c
3 + 0,1c
0,08
0,07
Tabelul 2
Nr.crt.
Luna
9kQ] ULSURGXV%XQLW
Octombrie (anul precedent)
1400 +c
Noiembrie (anul precedent)
1500 +c
Decembrie (anul precedent)
1200 +c
Ianuarie (anul curent)
1300 +c
Februarie (anul curent)
1100 +c
Martie (anul curent)
1350 +c
Aprilie (anul curent)
1450 +c
Mai (anul curent)
1150 +c
Iunie (anul curent)
1200 +c
10
Iulie (anul curent)
1100 +c
11
August (anul curent)
1310 +c
12
Septembrie (anul curent)
1250 +c
LIL]LFH
Tabelul 3
Luna
&DSDFLWDWHDGLVSRQLELO
5HVXUVDXPDQ
Capacitate de stocare
a utilajului (ore)
GLVSRQLELO RUH
GLVSRQLELO XV
Octombrie a.c.
400 + 0,2c
300 + 0,1c
6000
Noiembrie a.c.
500 + 0,2c
300 + 0,1c
6000
Decembrie a.c.
600 + 0,2c
300 + 0,1c
6000
2.
Obiectivele echipei manageriale pentru trimestrul IV a.c.
(VWLPDUHDFHUHULLSURGXVHORU$L%vQIXQF LHGHHYROX LDORUSHSLD
LVLWXD LDSURGXVHORU
FRQFXUHQ LDOH
(VWLPDUHDYkQ] ULLSURGXVHORU
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ru produsul A2001;
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minimizarea timpuluLVXSOLPHQWDUGHPXQF
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Calculul profitului maxim probabil (VSHUDQ DPDWHPDWLF

SLD
DSURILWXOXLvQFD]XOvQFDUHVHYDODQVDSH
SURGXVXO'
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obiectivele suplimentare:
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CDOFXOXOHIHFWHORUHFRQRPLFHPD[LPHFDUHVHSRWRE LQHSULQPRGHUQL]DUHDVHF LLORU
5HGXFHUHD FKHOWXLHOLORU FDX]DWH GH vQWUHUXSHUHD SURFHVXOXL GH SURGXF LH SHQWUX UHSDUDUHD XWLODMHORU
defecte;
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3.1.
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La nceputul lunii septembrie a.c., S.C. PROMOSIM S.$ D RUJDQL]DW R DQFKHW
DVXSUD XQXL
HDQWLRQ UHSUH]HQWDWLY GH F FRQVXPDWRUL FX VFRSXO GH D GHWHUPLQD QXP UXO XWLOL]DWRULORU
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-au nregistrat
XUP WRDUHOHUH]XOWDWH
FFXPS U WRULV
-au declarat utilizatori ai produsului A2001;
FXPS U WRULV
-au declarat utilizatori ai produsului C2031;
FXPS U WRULV
-au declarat utilizatori ai produsului C2032;
FXPS U WRULV
-au declarat utilizatori ai produsului C2033.
n luna septembrie a.c., S.C. PROMOSIM S.A. a lansat o campanie de publicitate pentru
produsul A2001. La nceputul lunii octombrie s-D HIHFWXDW R QRX
DQFKHW DVXSUD DFHOXLDL HDQWLRQ
UHSUH]HQWDWLYGHFXPS U WRULLV DXRE LQXWXUP WRDUHOHUH]X
ltate:
dintre utilizatorii produsului A2001 (la nceputul lunii septembrie a.c.):
DXU PDVILGHOLSURGXVXOXL$
10% s-DXRULHQWDWF
WUHSURGXVXO&
5% s-DXRULHQWDWF
WUHSURGXVXO&
5% s-DXRULHQWDWF
WUHSURGXVXO&
dintre utilizatorii produsului C2031 (la nceputul lunii septembrie a.c.):
DXU PDVILGHOLSURGXVXOXL&
20% s-DXRULHQWDWF
WUHSURGXVXO$
10% s-DXRULHQWDWF
WUHSURGXVXO&
10% s-DXRULHQWDWF
WUHSURGXVXO&
25% s-DXRULHQWDWF
WUHSURGXVXO$
10% s-DXRULHQWDWF
WUHSURGXVXO&
15% s-DXRULHQWDWF
WUHSURGXVXO&
30% s-DXRULHQWDWF
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20% s-DXRULHQWDWF
WUHSURGXVXO&
10% s-DXRULHQWDWF
WUHSURGXVXO&
6HIDFXUP WRDUHOHLSRWH]H
Alegerea unuia dintre produsele A2001, C2031, C2032, C2 vQ OXQD XUP
WRDUH GHSLQGH
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luni;
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neVFKLPEDWHvQXUP
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Modelul economico-matematic
Modelul economico matematic bazat pe teoria ODQ XULORU0DUNRY este de forma:
t+1
P, pentru t = 0 = septembrie, 1 = octombrie, 2 = noiembrie, 3 = decembrie.
Unde:
t
t
1
t
2
t
3
t
4
YHFWRUXO FRWHORU GH SDUWLFLSDUH SH SLD
C2032, C2033 n luna t. Cotele de participare pHSLD

4
i=1,...,4,
it = 1,
sau ca procente: 0
t
i
DOH SURGXVHORU $ &
SRWILH[SULPDWHFDSRQGHUL
t
i
1,
100, i=1,...,4,
i =1
it
= 100, pentru t;
i =1
P=
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PDWULFHD SUREDELOLW
LORU GH WUDQ]L LH FX HO
ementele pij, i=1,...,4,
j=1,...,4.
pij =
probabilitatea de reorientare a unui consumator de la produsul i = A2001, C2031, C2032 sau

C2033 n luna t {septembrie, octombrie sau noiembrie} a.c., la produsul j = A2001, C2031,
C2032 sau C2033 n luna t+1 {octombrie, noiembrie sau decembrie} a.c.,
4
i=1,...,4, j=1,...,4,
pij
=1
i =1
pii =
FRHILFLHQWXOGHILGHOLWDWHID
GHSURGXVXOLSHQWUXL

3HED]DGDWHORUIXUQL]DWHGHDQFKHWHOHHIHFWXDWHUH]XOW
400 + c
=
1000 + c
220
1000 + c
230
1000 + c
150
1000 + c
0 pij 1,
0,80
0,20
P=
0,25
0,30
0,10
0,60
0,10
0,20
0,05
0,10
0,50
0,10
0,05
0,10
.
0,15
0,40
Rezolvare
(YROX LD SH SLD
D FHORU SURGXVH FRQFXUHQ LDOH VH SRDW
e determina cu ajutorul produselor
informatice:
WINQSB/Mkp,[23], pag 23 24;
QM/ Markov Analysis, [23], pag 29 30;
MANAGER1/ Cotemark, [18], pag. 72 74, [23], pag 22 23.
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valoarea c YDLQFOXGHXUP
1.
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SURGXVODPRPHQWXOLQL LDO
2.
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3.
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U PkQHQHVFKLPEDW XQQXP UPDUHG
e perioade;
4.
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LL ID
GH SURGXVXO $ L D
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5.
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OXQ
3.2.
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7.
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6RFLHWDWHD&RPHUFLDO 352026,0 6$DUHFRQ
tracte ferme pentru produsul B2002, numai
vQOXQLOHQRLHPEULHLGHFHPEULHDF3HQWUXHVWLPDUHDYROXPXOXLYkQ] ULORUSURGXVXOXL%vQOXQD
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reprezHQWDUHJUDILF
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1600
1550
1500
1450
1400
1350
1300
1250
1200
1150
1100
1050
1000
oct
nov
dec
ian
feb
mar
apr
mai
Datele reale
iun
iul
aug
sep
M edia
Figura 2
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PHGLHLDQXPHPRGHOXO%URZQGHQLYHODUHH[SRQHQ LDO
0RGHOXOOXL%URZQGHQLYHODUHH[SRQHQ LDO HVWHGHIRUPD
Rt = Rt-1 + (St - Rt-1) sau
Rt = St + (1- )Rt-1
unde:
St
YROXPXOUHDODOYkQ] ULORUvQSHULRDGDW
Rt-1 = volumul estimat n perioada t-1 pentrXYkQ]
ULOHGLQSHULRDGDW
= constanta de nivelare, 0 1.
3HQWUX HVWLPDUHD LQL LDO 50 D YkQ] ULORU FRQGXFHUHD 6& 352026,0 6$ SURSXQH
YROXPXO YkQ] ULORU GLQ OXQD RFWRPEULH DQXO SUHFHGHQW LDU SHQWUX FRQVWDQWD GH QLYHODUH SURSXQH
valorile:
I.
II.
III.
= 0.2
= 0.9
RSWLPvQUDSRUWFXHURDUHDPHGLHS WUDWLF
Rezolvare
(VWLPDUHDYROXPXOXLYkQ] ULORUSURGXVXOXL%SHQWUXOXQDRFWRPEULHDQXOFXUHQWVHRE LQH
cu produsele informatice:
WINQSB/Fc / SES, [18], pag. 87 91, [23], pag. 3739;

MSS/ Forecasting Models/ Exponential Smoothing, [23], pag. 3637.
5DSRUWXOPDQDJHULDOvQFDUHVHDQDOL]HD] UH]XOWDWHOHRE LQXWHSHQWUXGDWHOHLQGLYLGXDOL]DWHFX
WRDUHOHLQIRUPD LL
1. ReprezeQWDUHD JUDILF
D GDWHORU UHDOH D PHGLHL YkQ] ULORU L D HVWLPD LLORU YkQ] ULORU
pentru constantele de nivelare:
= 0,2,
L UHVSHFWLY
optim n raport cu eroarea
PHGLHS WUDWLF
2.
$QDOL]DFRPSDUDWLY DUH]XOWDWHORUSHQWUXFHOHWUHLYDORULDOH
3.
9ROXPXO YkQ] ULORU UHFRPDQGDW V ILH OXDW vQ FRQVLGHUDUH SHQWUX SURGXF LD GLQ OXQD
constantei de nivelare;
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4.
5HFRPDQG ULJHQHUDOHSHQWUXDOHJHUHDFRQVWDQWHLGHQLYHODUH
3.3. Determinarea perforPDQ HLXQXLQRXXWLODMSHQWUXUHDOL]DUHDSURGXVXOXL$

S.C. PROMOSIM S.A. a nlocuit utilajul pentru realizarea produsului A2001 cu un utilaj nou.
Din punct de vedere tehnic, noul utilaj are caracteristici similare cu utilajul vechi, dar managerul de
SURGXF LH GRUHWH V XWLOL]H]H VLPXODUHD SHQWUX RE LQHUHD XQRU GDWH LPSRUWDQWH UHIHULWRDUH OD
SHUIRUPDQ HOHXWLODMXOXLFDUHVHDIO vQID]DGHLPSOHPHQWDUH$FHVWHGDWHDUSXWHDILIRORVLWHSHQWUX
SUHJ WLUHDSURGXF LHLVDXSHQWUXDVXPDUHDXQRUREOLJD LLID
8QD GLQWUH FDUDFWHULVWLFLOH GH SHUIRUPDQ
GHFOLHQ L
DOH XWLODMXOXL VH UHIHU OD FDQWLWDWHD GH SURGXVH
$ UHDOL]DWH SH RU 5H]XOWDWHOH vQUHJLVWUDWH vQ RUH GH IXQF LRQDUH D XWLODMXOXL DX IRVW
SUHOXFUDWHVWDWLVWLFLJUXSDWHDVWIHO
____________________________________________________
Cantitatea de produse A2001
)UHFYHQ D
(xiXIRU
(ni)
____________________________________________________
6
15
8
25
10
30
12
15
14
10
16
5
____________________________________________________
Total:
100
0DQDJHUXOGHSURGXF LHGRUHWHV GHWHUPLQHGXUDWDPHGLHGHUHDOL]DUHDXQHLXQLW
produs A2001.
LIL]LFHGH
'HWHUPLQDUHDGXUDWHLPHGLLFXREXQ SUHFL]LHQHFHVLW XQQXP
UPDUH
de experimente
FDUHVXQWFRQVXPDWRDUHGHWLPSPDWHULDOHHQHUJLHUHVXUVHXPDQHLEDQL'HDFHHDVH
YD XWLOL]D PHWRGD 0RQWH &DUOR FDUH SRDWH JHQHUD REVHUYD LL VLPXODWH FX DMXWRUXO
GLVWULEX LHLGHSUREDELOLWDWHFXPXODW DFDQWLW
LLGHSURGXVH$UHDOL]DWHSHRU LD
unui generator de numere aleatoare uniform distribuite n [0, 1].
Modelul de simulare
6HFDOFXOHD]
SUREDELOLWDWHDUHODWLY Si
= ni/100, i=1,...,6, p0
SUREDELOLWDWHDFXPXODW 3k
L
pi , k=1,...,6.
i =0
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LDU SH YHUWLFDO SUREDELOLW
LOH UHDOL]DWHvQWU RRU
LOH FXPXODWH 3H ILHFDUH LQWHUYDO DVRFLDW XQHL FDQWLW
L VH
FRQVWUXLHWH FkWH R EDU YHUWLFDO FDUH DUH vQ O LPHD HJDO FX SUREDELOLWDWHD FXPXODW
FRUHVSXQ] WRDUHDFHOHLFDQWLW
L
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generator de numere aleatoare (de exemplu, unul din programele GENER1, GENER2,
GENER3, GENER4, GE1(5FDUHSRWILDSHODWHSULQ0$1$*(5LVHvQUHJLVWUHD]
vQWU
un tabel.
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SDUDOHO ODD[DRUL]RQWDO SkQ FkQGvQWkOQHWHSULPDEDU YHUWLFDO LVHFLWHWH
cantitatea de la
ED]D DFHOHL EDUH 6H VFULH FDQWLWDWHD RE LQXW vQ WDEHO vQ GUHSWXO QXP UXOXL DOHDWRU XWLOL]DW
5H]XOW DVWIHOXQLUGH1GXUDWHVLPXODWH
6H FDOFXOHD] PHGLD RUDU D FDQWLW
LL GH SURGXVH $ P
ixi1 SURGXVH RU
DEDWHUHD
( x i m) 2
standard s =
i =1
N 1
L LQWHUYDOXO GH vQFUHGHUH P
t/2,glib s/ N ), unde statistica
t/2,glib VHRE LQHGLQWU-un tabel2DOGLVWULEX LHLWSHQWUXQLYHOXOGHVHPQLILFD LH

QXP UXOJUDGHORUGHOLEHUWDWH
N-1.
6HGHWHUPLQ GXUDWDPHGLHGHUHDOL]DUHDXQHLXQLW
Rezolvare
5H]ROYDUHDVHYDIDFHvQGRX PRGXUL
Vezi ANEXA 2
LJOLE
LIL]LFHGHSURGXV$G
PRUH
,&XDMXWRUXOSURFHGXULLGHVFULVHSULQSDLL
6, [18], pag 190 193, [23], pag. 14 17;
II. Cu ajutorul produsului informatic QM/Simulation/Monte Carlo Simulation
Raportul managerial va include:

1.
,QWHUYDOXOGHvQFUHGHUHSHQWUXPHGLDRUDU DFDQWLW
LLGHSURGXVH$FDOFXODW SHED]D
FHORURUHGHIXQF LRQDUH
a utilajului;
2.
,QWHUYDOXOGHvQFUHGHUHSHQWUXPHGLDRUDU DFDQWLW
LLGHSURGXVH$FDOFXODW SHED]D
DGHH[SHULPHQWHGHVLPXODUHUHDOL]DWHFXDMXWRUXOUHSUH]HQW ULLJUDILFH
3. Intervalul de ncredere pentru media mediilor duratei de realizare a unei
XQLW
L IL]LFH GH
$ FDOFXODW SH ED]D UHSHW ULL GH RUL D XQXL VHW GH H[SHULPHQWH GH VLPXODUH
realizate cu produsul informatic QM/ Simulation/ Monte Carlo Simulation;

4. Interpretarea rezultatelor n vederea stabilirii duratei medii de realizare a XQHLXQLW
de produs A2001.
3.4.
LIL]LFH
'HWHUPLQDUHD SURJUDPXOXL GH IDEULFD LH FDUH SHUPLWH PLQLPL]DUHD FKHOWXLHOLORU GH
SURGXF LHLVWRFDUH
3H ED]D GDWHORU RE LQXWH SULYLQG HVWLPDUHD FHUHULL SURGXVXOXL $ D HVWLP ULL YkQ] ULL
produsului B2002 L GLQ FRQWUDFWHOHvQFKHLDWHUH]XOW
F FHUHUHDSHQWUX SURGXVHOH$L%vQ
OXQLOHRFWRPEULHQRLHPEULHLGHFHPEULHDFHVWHXUP WRDUHD
Tabelul 4
Produsul
A2001
B2002
3HQWUXF
Cererea n luna
octombrie (u.f.)
Cererea n luna
noiembrie (u.f.)
Cererea n luna
decembrie (u.f.)
Cota de participare pe
SLD
SLD
SLD

Estimare cu modelul lui

Brown pentru optim

1000 + c

3200 + c
VHRE LQGDWHOHGLQ7DEHOXO
Tabelul 5
Produsul
A2001
B2002
Cererea n luna
octombrie (u.f.)
2799
1246,03
Cererea n luna
noiembrie (u.f.)
Cererea n luna
decembrie (u.f.)
3013
1000
3127
3200
6HREVHUY F FHUHUHDSHQWUXSURGXVXO%HVWHIOXFWXDQW LDUGLQGDWHOH7DEHOXOXLUH]XOW

F LWLPSXOGHOXFUXGLVSRQLELO DO XWLODMXOXL YDULD] GHODR OXQ OD DOWDvQDFHDVW SHULRDG GLQ FDX]D
UHSDUD LLORUFXUHQWHLPHGLL,QDFHVWHFRQGL LLSHQWUXVDWLVIDFHUHDFHUHULLvQSHULRDGDXUP WRDUH6&
PROMOSIM va lucra cu stocuri. ConduFHUHD VRFLHW
LL GRUHWH V GHWHUPLQH SURJUDPXO OXQDU GH
SURGXF LH FDUH PLQLPL]HD] FKHOWXLHOLOH WRWDOH GH SURGXF LH L VWRFDUH FRQVLGHUkQG F FKHOWXLHOLOH
XQLWDUHVXQWLQGHSHQGHQWHGHFDQWLW
LOHUHDOL]DWHLVWRFDWHGLQILHFDUHSURGXV
Programul lunar deSURGXF
LHFDUHPLQLPL]HD]
FKHOWXLHOLOHWRWDOHVHSRDWH
GHWHUPLQDFXXQPRGHOGHSURJUDPDUHOLQLDU
3.4.1.
0RGHOXOOLQLDUSHQWUXVWDELOLUHDSURJUDPXOXLGHSURGXF LH
-stocare
Variabilele modelului
x1 =
FDQWLWDWHDGLQSURGXVXO$UHDOL]DW vQOXQDRFWR
x2 =
FDQWLWDWHDGLQSURGXVXO$VWRFDW vQOXQDRFWRPEULHDF
x3 =
FDQWLWDWHDGLQSURGXVXO$UHDOL]DW vQOXQDQRLHPEULHDF
x4 =
FDQWLWDWHDGLQSURGXVXO$VWRFDW vQOXQDQRLHPEULHDF
x5 =
cantitatea din produsul A2001 realizDW
x6 =
FDQWLWDWHDGLQSURGXVXO%UHDOL]DW vQOXQDRFWRPEULHDF
x7 =
FDQWLWDWHDGLQSURGXVXO%VWRFDW vQOXQDRFWRPEULHDF
x8 =
FDQWLWDWHDGLQSURGXVXO%UHDOL]DW vQOXQDQRLHPEULHDF
x9 =
cantitatea din proGXVXO%VWRFDW
x10=
FDQWLWDWHDGLQSURGXVXO%UHDOL]DW vQOXQDGHFHPEULHDF
mbrie a.c.;
vQOXQDGHFHPEULHDF
vQOXQDQRLHPEULHDF
)XQF LDRELHFWLYPLQLPL]DUHDFKHOWXLHOLORUWRWDOHGHSURGXF LHLVWRFDUH
(min) f(x) =
(20 + c)x1 + 0,015(20 + c)x2 + (20 + c)x3 + 0,015(20 + c)x4 + (20 + c)x5 + (10 +
c)x6 + 0,015(10 + c)x7 + (10 + c)x8 + 0,015(10 + c)x9 + (10 + c)x10
5HVWULF LLOHSUREOHPHL
pentru satisfacerea cererii produsului A2001 n luna octombrie a.c.:
C1: x1 - x2 =
FRWDGHSDUWLFLSDUHSHSLD

pentru satisfacerea cererii produsului B2002 n luna octombrie a.c.:
C2: x6 - x7 =
YROXPXO YkQ] ULORUHVWLPDWFXPRGHOXO%URZQSHQWUX

PHGLHS WUDWLF
pentru satisfacerea cererii produsului A2001 n luna noiembrie a.c.:
C3: x2 + x3 -[

pentru satisfacerea cererii produsului B2002 n luna noiembrie a.c.:
C4: x7 + x8 - x9 = 1000 + c
pentru satisfacerea cererii produsului A2001 n luna decembrie a.c.:
&[[
* 6000
pentru satisfacerea cererii produsului B2002 n luna decembrie a.c.:
C6: x9 + x10 = 3200 + c
pentru timpul de lucru disponibil al utilajului:
&GXUDWDPHGLHRUHGHUHDOL]DUHDXQHLXQLW
LIL]LFHGHSURGXV$[[
400 + 0,2c
LIL]LFHGHSURGXV$[[
500 + 0,2c
(luna noiembrie a.c.)
LIL]LFHGHSURGXV$[[
600+ 0,2c
(luna octombrie a.c.)
(luna decembrie a.c.)
pentru timpul de lucru disponibil al resursei umane:
C10: 0,05x1 + 0,07x6 300+ 0,1c
C11: 0,05x3 + 0,07x8 300+ 0,1c
C12: 0.05x5 + 0.07x10 300+ 0,1c (luna decembrie a.c.)
pentru capacitatea de stocare:
C13: 2x2 + 3x7 6000
C14: 2x4 + 3x9 6000
RHVWULF LLOHGHQHQHJDWLYLWDWH
xi 0, i=1,...,10.
Rezolvare
3UREOHPDSRDWHILUH]ROYDW FXSURGXVHOHLQIRUPDWLFH
WINQSB/ Lp ipl, [23], pag. 60 75;

QM/ Linear Programming, [23], pag. 60 75.
Raportul manageriDOvQFDUHVHDQDOL]HD]
WRDUHOHLQIRUPD LL
UH]XOWDWHOHRE LQXWHSHQWUXGDWHOHLQGLYLGXDOL]DWHFX
1.
3URJUDPXO OXQDU GH SURGXF LH
- stocare, modul de utilizare a resurselor disponibile (utilaj,
UHVXUV XPDQ FRVWXOGHSURGXF LHFRVWXOGHVWRFDUHFRVWXOWRWDOLSURILWXOWRWDO
2.
3UREOHPDGXDO LLQWHUSUHWDUHDYDORULORUYDULDELOHORUGXDOH
3.
'DF PDQDJHUXOSRDWHVXSOLPHQWDUHVXUVDXPDQ QXPDLvQWU RVLQJXU OXQ FDUHGLQWUHHOH
DU DYHD SULRULWDWH L GH FH " &kW DU WUHEXL V LQYHVWHDVF vQ OXQD UHVSHFWLY SHQWUX
VXSOLPHQWDUHDFXRU DWLPSXOXLGHOXFUXDOUHVXUVHLXPDQH"3HQWUXFHLQWHUYDOGHYDULD LH
DOWLPSXOXLGHOXFUXDOUHVXUVHLXPDQHGLQOXQDGHUHIHULQ
4. Utilizarea analizei de senzitivitaWH
L
D
DQDOL]HL
HVWHYDODELO DFHDVW HYDOXDUH"
SDUDPHWULFH
SHQWUX
GHWHUPLQDUHD
SHQWUX
GHWHUPLQDUHD
GRPHQLXOXLGHDGPLVLELOLWDWHSHQWUXYDULD LDGLVSRQLELOXOXLGHUHVXUVH
5.
8WLOL]DUHD
DQDOL]HL
GH
VHQ]LWLYLWDWH
L
D
DQDOL]HL
SDUDPHWULFH
domeniului de optimalitate pentru costurile unitare GHSURGXF LHLVWRFDUH

6.
,QFD]XOXQRUSURGXVHLQGLYL]LELOHFXPVHPRGLILF PRGHOXOSHQWUXGHWHUPLQDUHDVWUXFWXULL
GHSURGXF LHFDUHPLQLPL]HD] FKHOWXLHOLOHWRWDOHGHSURGXF LHLVWRFDUH"
7.
3URJUDPXOGHSURGXF LHRE LQXWDVLJXU RXWLOL]DUHXQLIRUP DXWLODMXOXLLDUHVXUVHLXPDQH

vQ FHOH OXQL" ,Q FD] QHJDWLY FRQVWUXL L XQ PRGHO SHQWUX GHWHUPLQDUHD SURJUDPXOXL GH
SURGXF LH FDUH V SHUPLW PLQLPL]DUHD FKHOWXLHOLORU GH SURGXF LH VWRFDUH L vQF UFDUHD
XQLIRUP DXWLODMXOXLLUHVXUVHLXPDQH
3.4.2. DeWHUPLQDUHDSURJUDPXOXLGHSURGXF
LHFXPDLPXOWHIXQF LLRELHFWLY
3URJUDPXO GH SURGXF LH VWRFDUH RIHULW GH PRGHOXO OLQLDU GLQ SDUDJUDIXO QX DVLJXU R
vQF UFDUH FRPSOHW L XQLIRUP D FDSDFLW
LL GH SURGXF LH vQ FHOH OXQL Q DFHVW VFRS FRQGXF
erea
6&352026,0 6$ GRUHWHV DQDOL]H]H SRVLELOLWDWHDFUHWHULLYkQ] ULORUODFHOH GRX SURGXVHDOH

VDOHSULQLQWHQVLILFDUHDFDPSDQLHLGHSXEOLFLWDWHFKHOWXLQGFXPSHQWUXFUHWHUHDFXXID
YkQ] ULORU SURGXVXOXL $ L F XP SHQWUX SURGXVXO % 6RFLHWDWHD vL IL[HD]
XUP WRDUHOHRELHFWLYH
8WLOL]DUHD LQWHJUDO D FDSDFLW
LL XWLODMXOXL
LQkQG FRQW GH FRVWXULOH HVWLPDWH SHQWUX R RU GH
IXQF LRQDUH VXSOLPHQWDU D XWLODMXOXL XPRU L SLHUGHUHD FDX]DW GH QHIRORVLUHD X
tilajului (7
XPRU
Prioritate 1);
3URILWXO QHW RE LQXW GXS DFRSHULUHD FRVWXULORU GH VWRFDUH L D FRVWXULORU GH SXEOLFLWDWH V ILH PDL
PDUHFXID
GHSURILWXOWRWDORE LQXWSHED]DPRGHOXOXL
Prioritate 2);
Minimizarea timpului suplimentaU GH PXQF

PXQF VXSOLPHQWDU XP
Prioritate 3).
LQkQG FRQW GH FRVWXULOH HVWLPDWH SHQWUX R RU GH
QWUXFkWQXH[LVW RVROX LHFDUHV RSWLPL]H]HVLPXOWDQFHOHIXQF LLRELHFWLYFRQGXFHUHD6&

352026,06$HVWHLQWHUHVDW V GHWHUPLQHDFHOSURJUDPGHSURGXF LHLVWRFDUHFDUHV FRQGXF OD
PLQLPL]DUHD FRVWXULORU WRWDOH DVRFLDWH DEDWHULORU ID
SULRULW
GH QLYHOXULOH GH DVSLUD LH SURSXVH vQ RUGLQHD
LO
or specificate.
3HQWUXUH]ROYDUHDSUREOHPHLVHSRDWHXWLOL]D0RGHOXO3URJUDP
ULL6FRSVDX*RDO
Programming".
0RGHOXO3URJUDP ULL 6FRSVDX*RDO 3URJUDPPLQJVHRE LQHSULQ WUDQVIRUPDUHDIXQF LLORU
RELHFWLY vQ UHVWULF LL VFRS L DG XJDUHD ORU OD FHOH UHVWULF LL UHIHULWRDUH OD VDWLVIDFHUHD FHUHULL
FRQWUDFWDWH L FHOH UHVWULF LL SULYLQG VXSUDID D GH VWRFDUH DOH PRGHOXOXL OLQLDU SHQWUX SUREOHPD GH
SURGXF LHLVWRFDUH
7HUPHQXO OLEHU DO ILHF UHL UHVWULF LL VFRS UHSUH]LQW QLYHOXO GH DVSLUD LH VSHFLILFDW GH
GHFLGHQWSHQWUXILHFDUHIXQF LHRELHFWLY
)D
GHDFHVWHQLYHOXULGHDVSLUD LHVHDGPLWDEDWHULvQSOXVVDXvQPLQXV
Noul model va minimiza costurile totale ale abaterilor ID
specificate n ordinea SULRULW
GH QLYHOXULOH GH DVSLUD LH
LORUDFRUGDWH3ULQXUPDUHPRGHOXOYDDYHDWUHLIXQF LLVFRS
Variabilele modelului
x1 =
FDQWLWDWHDGLQSURGXVXO$UHDOL]DW vQOXQDRFWRPEULHDF
x2 =
FDQWLWDWHDGLQSURGXVXO$VWRFDW vQOXQDRFWRPEULHDF
x3 =
FDQWLWDWHDGLQSURGXVXO$UHDOL]DW vQOXQDQRLHPEULHDF
x4 = cantitatea din produsuO$VWRFDW
vQOXQDQRLHPEULHDF
x5 =
FDQWLWDWHDGLQSURGXVXO$UHDOL]DW vQOXQDGHFHPEULHDF
x6 =
FDQWLWDWHDGLQSURGXVXO%UHDOL]DW vQOXQDRFWRPEULHDF
x7 =
FDQWLWDWHDGLQSURGXVXO%VWRFDW vQOXQDRFWRPEULHDF
x8 = caQWLWDWHDGLQSURGXVXO%UHDOL]DW
vQOXQDQRLHPEULHDF
x9 =
FDQWLWDWHDGLQSURGXVXO%VWRFDW vQOXQDQRLHPEULHDF
x10=
FDQWLWDWHDGLQSURGXVXO%UHDOL]DW vQOXQDGHFHPEULHDF
x11=
FDQWLWDWHD GLQ SURGXVXO $ UHDOL]DW vQ OXQD RFWR
mbrie a.c. pentru acoperirea cererii
suplimentare;
x12=
FDQWLWDWHD GLQ SURGXVXO $ UHDOL]DW vQ OXQD QRLHPEULH DF SHQWUX DFRSHULUHD FHUHULL
suplimentare;
x13=
FDQWLWDWHD GLQ SURGXVXO $ UHDOL]DW vQ OXQD GHFHPEULH DF SHQWUX DFRSHULUHD FHUHULL
suplimentare;
x14=
FDQWLWDWHD GLQ SURGXVXO % UHDOL]DW vQ OXQD RFWRPEULH DF SHQWUX DFRSHULUHD FHUHULL
suplimentare;
x15=
FDQWLWDWHD GLQ SURGXVXO % UHDOL]DW vQ OXQD QRLHPEULH DF SHQWUX DFRSHULUHD FHUHULL
suplimentare;
x16= cantitatea din produsul
% UHDOL]DW vQ OXQD GHFHPEULH DF SHQWUX DFRSHULUHD FHUHULL
suplimentare;
AbaterileID
GHQLYHOXULOHGHDVSLUD LHVSHFLILFDWH
supuoct= timpul suplimentar de lucru al utilajului n octombrie a.c.;

nefuoct= timpul de nefolosire al utilajului n octombrie a.c.;
supunov= timpul suplimentar de lucru al utilajului n noiembrie a.c.;
nefunov= timpul de nefolosire al utilajului n noiembrie a.c.;
supudec= timpul suplimentar de lucru al utilajului n decembrie a.c.;
nefudec= timpul de nefolosire al utilajului n decembrie a.c.;
supmoct= timpul suplimentar de lucru al resursei umane n octombrie a.c.;
nefmoct= timpul de nefolosire al resursei umane n octombrie a.c.;
supmnov= timpul suplimentar de lucru al resursei umane n noiembrie a.c.;
nefmnov= timpul de nefolosire al resursei umane n noiembrie a.c.;
supmdec= timpul suplimentar de lucru al resursei umane n decembrie a.c.;
nefmdec= timpul de nefolosire al resursei umane n decembrie a.c.;
VXSURILW
DEDWHUHDvQSOXVID
GHQLYHOXOVSHFLILFDWDOSURILWXOXL
QHSURILW
DEDWHUHDvQPLQXVID
pentru trimestrul IV a.c.;
GHQLYHOXOVSHFLILFDWDOSURILWXOXLSHQWUXWULPHVWUXO,9DF
)XQF LLOHVFRSFRUHVSXQ] WRDUHFHORUWUHLSULRULW
LVSHFLILFDWHVXQWXUP WRDUHOH
0LQLPL]DUHDFRVWXULORUWRWDOHFDX]DWHGHIXQF LRQDUHDVXSOLPHQWDU
Min G1:
3supuoct+7nefuoct+3supunov+7nefunov+3supudec+7nefudec
0LQLPL]DUHDDEDWHULLvQPLQXVID
Min G2:
GHQLYHOXOVSHFLILFDWDOSURILWXOXL
neprofit
Minimizarea costurilor totale pentru timpul suplimenWDUGHPXQF
Min G3:
VDXQHIRORVLUHDXWLODMHORU
2supmoct+2supmnov+2supmdec
pentru satisfacerea cererii produsului A2001 n luna octombrie a.c.:
C1: x1 - x2 -[

pentru satisfacerea cererii produsului B2002 n luna octombrie a.c.:
C2: x6 - x7 -[
YROXPXOYkQ] ULORUHVWLPDWFXPRGHOXO%URZQSHQWUX
PHGLHS WUDWLF
pentru satisfacerea cererii produsului A2001 n luna noiembrie a.c.:
C3: x2 + x3 - x4 -[

pentru satisfacerea cererii produsului B2002 n luna noiembrie a.c.:
C4: x7 + x8 - x9 -x15 = 1000 + c
pentru satisfacerea cererii produsului A2001 n luna decembrie a.c.:
C5: x4 + x5 -[

pentru satisfacerea cererii produsului B2002 n luna decembrie a.c.:
C6: x9 + x10 -x16= 3200 + c
C7: 2x2 + 3x7 6000
C8: 2x4 + 3x9 6000
5HVWULF LLOHVFRS
SHQWUXvQF UFDUHDFRPSOHW D
utilajului:
LIL]LFHGHSURGXV$[[
+ nefuoct - supuoct=400+ 0,2c

LIL]LFHGHSURGXV$[[
+ nefunov - supunov=500+ 0,2c

C11:GXUDWDPHGLHRUHGHUHDOL]DUHDXQHLXQLW
LIL]LFHGHSURGXV$[[
+ nefudec - supudec=600+ 0,2c
pentru utilizarea resursei umane:
C12:
0,05x1+0,07x6+nefmoct - supmoct=300 + 0,1c
C13:
0,05x3+0,07x8+nefmnov - supmnov=300 + 0,1c
C14:
0,05x5+0,07x10+nefmdec - supmdec=300 + 0,1c
pentru maximizarea profitului :
C15:
(5 + 0,1c)x1 - 0,015(20 + c)x2 + (5 + 0,1c)x3 - ,015(20 + c)x4 + (5 + 0,1c)x5 + (3 + 0,1c)x6

- 0,015(10 + c)x7 + (3 + 0,1c)x8 - 0,015(10 + c)x9 + (3 + 0,1c)x10 - (2+0,05c)(x11 + x12 +
x13) - (1+0,05c)(x14 + x15 + x16) + neprofit VXSURILW

modelului 3.4.1.)
SURILWXOWRWDORE LQXWSHED]D
5HVWULF LLOHGHQHQHJDWLYLWDWH
xi 0, i=1,...,16, supuoct 0, nefuoct 0, supunov 0, nefunov 0, supudec 0, nefudec 0,

supmoct 0, nefmoct 0, supmnov 0, nefmnov 0, supmdec 0, nefmdec 0, suprofit 0, neprofit
0.
Rezolvare:
Modelul prezentat poate fi rezolvat cu produsele informatice:
WINQSB/ Gp igp, [23], pag. 98 101; QM/ Goal Programming, [23], pag. 61 98.
2EVHUYD LH
1XPDL
VLVWHPXO
WINQSB peUPLWH
XWLOL]DWRUXOXL
V
PRGLILFH
GHQXPLUHD
variabilelor prin comenzile Edit/Variable Names.

valoarea c 0 va include:
1. 3URJUDPXO OXQDU GH SURGXF LH - stocare, modul de utilizare a resurselor disponibile (utilaj,
UHVXUV XPDQ FRVWXO GH SURGXF LH FRVWXO GH VWRFDUH FRVWXO WRWDO SURILWXO WRWDO L FKHOWXLHOLOH GH
publicitate ;
$QDOL]DDEDWHULORUID
GHQLYHOXULOHGHDVSLUD LHVSHFLILFDWH
3. Analiza conflictelor ntre scopuri;

$QDOL]DFRPSDUDWLY DVROX LLORUPRGHOHORUSUH]HQWDWHvQVHF LXQLOHLPRGXOGH
XWLOL]DUH D XWLODMXOXL L D UHVXUVHL XPDQH FRPHQWDUHD IDSWXOXL GDF VXUSOXVXO GH SURILW MXVWLILF
cheltuielile de publicitate).
3URJUDPDUHDDFWLYLW
LORUXQXLSURLHFWSHQWUXLQWURGXFHUHDvQIDEULFD LHDSURGXVXOXL
D2004.
&D]XOGXUDWHORUGHWHUPLQLVWHLDQDOL]DFRVW GXUDW
Realizarea studiului de fezabilitate pentru introducerea

'OD6&352026,06$LPSOLF DFWLYLW
s-DX
vQ IDEULFD LH D XQXL QRX SURGXV
LOHSUH]HQWDWHvQ7DEHOXO3HQWUXDFHVWHDFWLYLW
L
HVWLPDW DWkW GXUDWHOH QRUPDOH L FRVWXULOH FRUHVSXQ] WRDUH FkW L GXUDWHOH L FRVWXULOH
DFWLYLW
LORU vQ FD]XO VXSOLPHQW ULL UHVXUVHORU XPDQH L ILQDQFLDUH QHFHVDUH XUJHQW ULL DFHVWRU
DFWLYLW
L
Tabelul 6
Sim
bol
A
B
Denumire
activitate
Proiectare produs
Elaborare
program
marketing
12
90+c
Costul
duratei
urgentate
(u.m)
135+c
16+c
30+c
3+c
4+c
11
100+c
6+c
7+c
2+c
3+c
60+c
70+c
B,E
20+c
50+c
2+c
3+c
F,G,I
2+c
3+c
$FWLYLW
L
precedente
Durata
QRUPDO
VDSW
Durata
XUJHQWDW
PkQL V
SW
PkQL
Costul
normal
(u.m.)
3UHJ WLUH
GRFXPHQWD LH
WHKQLF
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
Construire
prototip
Elaborare
prospect de
marketing
Estimare cost de
SURGXF LH
7HVWDUHWHKQLF D
SURGXF LHL
6WXGLXOSLH HL
(VWLPDUHFHUHUHL
SUH GHYkQ]DUH
Redactare studiu
final
Conducerea S.C.PROMOSIM S.A.
120+c
GRUHWH V WLH FDUH HVWH GXUDWD QRUPDO L GXUDWD FHD PDL
PLF GH UHDOL]DUH D VWXGLXOXL GH IH]DELOLWDWH FkW L FRVWXULOH WRWDOH FRUHVSXQ] WRDUH 'H DVHPHQHD
FRQGXFHUHD HVWH LQWHUHVDW vQ GHWHUPLQDUHD GXUDWHL PHGLL GH UHDOL]DUH D VWXGLXOXL D FRVWXOXL RSWL
DVRFLDWDFHVWHLGXUDWHLHDORQDUHDvQWLPSDDFWLYLW
LORUSHQWUXRE LQHUHDGXUDWHLPHGLLGXUDWDRSWLP
n cazul unui buget total de (360 +10c) u.m.

3URJUDPDUHD vQ WLPS D DFWLYLW
RSWLP FRUHVSXQ]
LORU SHQWUX ODQVDUHD XQXL SURGXV QRX FX X
n cost
WRU XQHL GXUDWH WRWDOH VSHFLILFDWH SHQWUX ILQDOL]DUHD SURLHFWXOXL VH
SRDWHRE LQHFXDMXWRUXOXQXLPRGHO$'&&RVWXUL
Rezolvare
Rezolvarea problemei se poate face cu produsele informatice:
WINQSB/ CPM - PERT/ Deterministic CPM, [23], pag. 221 224;
QM/ CPM/ PERT/ CPM with crashing, [23], pag. 216 221.
5DSRUWXOPDQDJHULDOvQFDUHVHDQDOL]HD] UH]XOWDWHOHRE LQXWHYDLQFOXGH

*UDILFXOUH HDDODFWLYLW
LORUSURLHFWXOXL
2. Reprezentarea grDILF D FRVWXOXL SURLHFWXOXL vQ IXQF LH GH GXUDWD WRWDO
ajutorul punctelor de coordonate:
GH UHDOL]DUH FX
'XUDWDWRWDO QRUPDO &RVWXOWRWDOQRUPDO

'XUDWDWRWDO PLQLP &RVWXOWRWDOPD[LP
'XUDWDWRWDO PLQLP &RVWXOWRWDORSWLP
(DuratDWRWDO
PHGLH&RVWXOWRWDORSWLPDVRFLDW
'XUDWDRSWLP vQFD]XOXQXLEXJHWWRWDOGHFXP

'UXPXOFULWLFSHQWUXSURLHFWXOFXGXUDW PHGLH
7HUPHQHOHPLQLPHLPD[LPHGHvQFHSHUHLGHWHUPLQDUHSHQWUXILHFDUHDFWLYLWDWH
6. ReprH]HQWDUHD JUDILF D FXUEHL FRVWXOXL SURLHFWXOXL SHQWUX SODQLILFDUHD DFWLYLW

termenele lor minime sau la termenele lor maxime de ncepere.
LORU OD
3.5.2. Cazul duratelor probabiliste

$FWLYLW
LOH GLQ FDGUXO SURLHFWXOXL GH LQWURGXFHUH vQ IDEULFD LH D S
rodusului nou D2004 la
6& 352026,0 6$ SUH]LQW XQ JUDG PDUH GH LPSUHFL]LH vQ FHHD FH SULYHWH GXUDWD DFHVWRUD
GDWRULW IDSWXOXLF DFHVWSURLHFWQXDPDLFRQVWLWXLWSUHRFXSDUHDILUPHLvQWUHFXWQDFHVWHFRQGL LL
li s-DXVROLFLWDWVSHFLDOLWLORUHVWLP
ULDOHGXUDWHORUDFWLYLW
LORUFDUHDXIRVWJUXSDWHvQWUHLFDWHJRULL
GXUDWDRSWLPLVW GXUDWDFHDPDLSUREDELO LGXUDWDSHVLPLVW
Tabelul 7
Sim
bol
Denumire activitate
A
B
Proiectare produs
Elaborare program
marketing
$FWLYLW
L
precedente
3UHJ WLUHGRFXPHQWD LH
Durata
Durata cea mai Durata
RSWLPLVW
SUREDELO
SW
PkQL
SW
PkQL
SHVLPLVW
V
SW
PkQL
9 + 0,01c
3 + 0,01c
12 + 0,01c
5 + 0,01c
15 + 0,01c
8 + 0,01c
3 + 0,01c
6 + 0,01c
9 + 0,01c
A
A
8 + 0,01c
2 + 0,01c
11 + 0,01c
4 + 0,01c
14 + 0,01c
6 + 0,01c
1 + 0,01c
3 + 0,01c
6 + 0,01c
4 + 0,01c
6 + 0,01c
9 + 0,01c
B,E
H
5 + 0,01c
2 + 0,01c
8 + 0,01c
3 + 0,01c
11 + 0,01c
5 + 0,01c
F,G,I
1 + 0,01c
3 + 0,01c
6 + 0,01c
WHKQLF
D
E
F
Construire prototip
Elaborare prospect de
marketing
Estimare cost de
SURGXF LH
7HVWDUHWHKQLF D
SURGXF LHL
H
I
J
6WXGLXOSLH HL
(VWLPDUHFHUHUHLSUH
de vnzare
Redactare studiu final
&RQGXFHUHD 6& 352026,0 6$ GRUHWH V DQDOL]H]H FDUH HVWH GXUDWD GH UHDOL]DUH D
proiHFWXOXLvQFRQGL LLOHOX
ULLvQFRQVLGHUDUHDGXUDWHORUSUREDELOLVWHDOHDFWLYLW
LORU
Modelul economico matematic

Calculul duratei medii de realizare a unui proiect complex pentru introducerea n
IDEULFD LH D XQXL SURGXV QRX vQ FRQGL LLOH vQ FDUH GXUDWHOH DFWLYLW
LORU VXQW
probabiliste se poate realiza cu un model PERT/TIME.

Rezolvare
Rezolvarea problemei se poate face cu produsele informatice:
WINQSB/ CPM - PERT/ Probabilistic PERT, [23], pag. 224 231;
QM/ CPM/ PERT/ PERT.
$QDOL]DHFRQRPLF D
rezultatelor
5DSRUWXOPDQDJHULDOvQFDUHVHDQDOL]HD] UH]XOWDWHOHRE LQXWHYDLQFOXGH
1.
7HUPHQHOH PLQLPH L PD[LPH GH vQFHSHUH UHVSHFWLY GH WHUPLQDUH D ILHF UHL DFWLYLW
L
SUHFXPLUH]HUYDWRWDO GHWLPS
2.
3.
'XUDWDPHGLHWRWDO GHUHDOL]DUHDSURLHFWXOX
i;
3UREDELOLWDWHD GH UHDOL]DUH D SURLHFWXOXL vQ F L F V SW PkQL L
UHVSHFWLYFLFV SW PkQL
4.
'HWHUPLQDUHDSULQVLPXODUHD0RQWH&DUORDGLVWULEX LHLGHSUREDELOLWDWHDGXUDWHLWRWDOHGH
realizare a proiectului.
3.6
&DOFXOXOSURILWXOXLPD[LPSUREDELOVSHUDQ DPDWHPDWLF DSURILWXOXLvQFD]XOvQFDUHVH

YDODQVDSHSLD
SURGXVXO'
'HSDUWDPHQWXO GH FHUFHWDUH SURGXF LH DO 6& 352026,0 6$ D FUHDW XQ QRX SURGXV
' FDUH D IRVW WHVWDW SH SLD
L FDUH HVWH DFFHSWDW GH F WUH XWLOL]DWRUL 3HQWUX UHDOL]DUHD
produsului conducerea S.C. PROMOSIM S.A. are n vedere mai multe variante. Alegerea variantei
FRQYHQDELOH GHSLQGH vQ SULQFLSDO GH HYROX LD YkQ] ULORU SURGXVXOXL SHVWH DQL DFHVWD ILLQG WLPSXO
de DPRUWL]DUH D XWLODMHORU 'XS
SULPXO DQ VH YRU OXD QRL GHFL]LL vQ IXQF LH GH VLWXD LD YkQ] ULORU
'DWHOH SULYLQG YDULDQWHOH L VW ULOH QDWXULL SHQWUX FHOH PRPHQWH GH GHFL]LH VXQW SUH]HQWDWH vQ
Tabelul 8.
Tabelul 8
Anul t
Variantele
6W ULOH
Anul t+1
naturii
6W ULOHQDWXULL
Variantele
Profitul estimat
Instalarea unui
&RQMXFWXU
Instalarea unui nou
Cerere mare (prob=0.3)
800+c
utilaj nou
IDYRUDELO
utilaj
Cerere medie (prob=0.6)
600+c
(cost (20+c)u.m)
(probabilitatea=0.7)
(cost (20+c) u.m.)
&HUHUHPLF SURE

500+c
Ore suplimentare de
600+c
lucru
500+c
(cost (2+c) u.m.)
Cerere mica (prob=0.1)
400+c
&RQMXFWXU
Utilizarea
500+c
QHIDYRUDELO
FDSDFLW
400+c
&HUHUHPLF SURE

200+c
600+c
500+c
&HUHUHPLF SURE

200+c
500+c
400+c
&HUHUHPLF SURE

200+c
LLH[LVW
ente
Ore
&RQMXFWXU
Instalarea unui utilaj
suplimentare de
IDYRUDELO
nou
lucru
(cost (20+c) u.m.)
(cost (2+c) u.m.)

Instalarea unui utilaj
QRXL
ore suplimentare de
lucru
(cost (22+2c) u.m.)
&RQMXFWXU
Ore suplimentare de
400+c
QHIDYRUDELO
lucru
400+c
(cost (2+c) u.m.)
&HUHUHPLF SURE
200+c

&RQGXFHUHD 6&352026,0 6$ GRUHWH V FXQRDVF DF LXQHD SH FDUH WUHEXLH V R

vQWUHSULQG vQSULPDLUHVSHFWLYDGRXDHWDS SHQWUXDRE LQHPD[LPXPGHSURILW
Modelul economico - matematic

3URFHVXOGHFL]LRQDOvQGRX HWDSHSRDWHILPRGHODWFXDMXWRUXODUERUHOXLGHFL]LRQDO
Rezolvare
Problema se poate rezolva cu produsele informatice:
WINQSB/ Da/ Decision Tree, [23], pag. 199 201;
QM/ Decision Theory/ Decision Tree, [23], pag. 193199, 206- 207.
Raportul managerial va include:

1. Reprezentarea arborelui decizional cu valorile asociate tuturor nodurilor;
2.
$QDOL]D UH]XOWDWHORU L LQGLFDUHD YDULDQWHORU RSWLPH DWkW vQ SULPXO DQ FkW L vQ FHO GH DO
doilea an.
3.
6(&
3.7.
$QDOL]DVHQ]LWLYLW
LLVROX LHLODYDULD LDSUREDELOLW
LORUGHUHDOL]DUHDVW ULORUQDWXULL
,81($683/,0(17$5
0RGHOXOOLQLDUvQQXPHUHvQWUHJLSHQWUXVWDELOLUHDSURJUDPXOXLGHSURGXF LH
- stocare.
QPRGHOXOGHSURGXF LH
stocare de la 3.4.1. pentru produse indivizibile, variabilele

LWHUPHQLLOLEHULDLUHVWULF LLORUUHIHULWRDUHODFHUHUHVXQWQXPHUH ntregi.
)XQF LDRELHFWLYPLQLPL]DUHDFKHOWXLHOLORUWRWDOHGHSURGXF LHLVWRFDUH
(min) f(x) =
(20 + c)x1 + 0,015(20 + c)x2 + (20 + c)x3 + 0,015(20 + c)x4 + (20 + c)x5 + (10 +
c)x6 + 0,015(10 + c)x7 + (10 + c)x8 + 0,015(10 + c)x9 + (10 + c)x10
n coQWLQXDUHVHYDQRWDFXSDUDQWH]HGUHSWH>@SDUWHDvQWUHDJ
DQXP UXOXLGLQWUHSDUDQWH]H
pentru satisfacerea cererii produsului indivizibil A2001 n luna octombrie a.c.:
C1: x1 -[
>FRWDGHSDUWLFLSDUHSHSLD
pentru satisfacerea cererii produsului indivizibil B2002 n luna octombrie a.c.:
C2: x6 - x7 =
@
>YROXPXOYkQ] ULORUHVWLPDWFXPRGHOXO%URZQSHQWUX
pentru satisfacerea cererii produsului indivizibil A2001 n luna noiembrie a.c.:
C3: x2 + x3 - x4 =>FRWDGHSDUWLFLSDUHSHSLD
optim]+1
@
pentru satisfacerea cererii produsului indivizibil B2002 n luna noiembrie a.c.:
C4: x7 + x8 - x9 = [1000 + c]
pentru satisfacerea cererii produsului indivizibil A2001 n luna decembrie a.c.:
C5: x4 + x5 = [cotaGHSDUWLFLSDUHSHSLD
@
pentru satisfacerea cererii produsului indivizibil B2002 n luna decembrie a.c.:
C6: x9 + x10 = [3200 + c]
pentru timpul de lucru disponibil al utilajului:
C7: GXUDWDPHGLHRUHGHUHDOL]DUHDXQHLXQLW
produs A2001)x1 + 0,08x6
LIL]LFHGH
400 + 0,2c
C8: GXUDWDPHGLHRUHGHUHDOL]DUHDXQHLXQLW
LIL]LFHGHSURGXV$
500 + 0,2c
C9: (durata medie (ore) de realizare a unei unLW
LIL]LFHGHSURGXV$
600+ 0,2c
x3 + 0,08x8
x5 + 0,08x10
(luna decembrie a.c.)
pentru timpul de lucru disponibil al resursei umane:
C10: 0,05x1 + 0,07x6 300 + 0,1c
C11: 0,05x3 + 0,07x8 300 + 0,1c
C12: 0.05x5 + 0.07x10 300 + 0,1c (luna decembrie a.c.)
C13: 2x2 + 3x7 6000
C14: 2x4 + 3x9 6000
5HVWULF LLOHGHQHQHJDWLYLWDWH
xi 0, xi ntreg, pentru i=1,...,10.

Rezolvare
Modelul prezentat poate fi rezolvat cu produsele informatice:
WINQSB/ Lp ilp, [23], pag. 7681,
QM/ All Integer Programming, [23], pag. 76-78, 8284.
5DSRUWXOPDQDJHULDOvQFDUHVHDQDOL]HD] UH]XOWDWHOHRE L
nute pentru datele individualizate cu
3URJUDPXO OXQDU GH SURGXF LH
- stocare, modul de utilizare a resurselor disponibile (utilaj,
UHVXUV XPDQ FRVWXOGHSURGXF LHFRVWXOGHVWRFDUHFRVWXOWRWDOLSURILWXOWRWDO
2. CRPSDUDUHD DFHVWRU UH]XOWDWH FX FHOH RE LQXWH vQ FD]XO PRGHOXOXL OLQLDU PRGXO GH
XWLOL]DUHDXWLODMXOXLLDUHVXUVHLXPDQH
5HSUH]HQWDUHD JUDILF D DUERUHOXL ELQDU DVRFLDW PHWRGHL %UDQFK DQG ERXQG SHQWUX
UH]ROYDUHDSUREOHPHLQXPDLSkQ ODQLYHOXOODFDUHVHDIO VROX LDILQDO vQWUHDJ
3.8.
'HFL]LDPDQDJHULDO vQFRQGL LLGHLQFHUWLWXGLQHLGHULVF

&RQGXFHUHD 6& 352026,0 UHDOL]HD] vQ SULQFLSDO GRX SURGXVH $ L %
3HQWUX DPEHOH SURGXVH YROXPXO YkQ] ULORU YDULD] vQWkPSO WRU GH OD R OXQ OD DOWD LDU FRQGXFHUHD
VRFLHW
LL HVWH LQWHUHVDW vQ SODQLILFDUHD SURJUDPXOXL GH SURGXF LH SH XOWLPXO WULPHVWUX DF DVWIHO FD
RIHUWD GHVFULV SULQ SURJUDPXO GH SURGXF LH V VH DSURSLH FkW PDL PXOW GH FHUHUHD PDQLIHVWDW SH
SLD

Sunt luaWHvQFRQVLGHUDUHXUP
WRDUHOHYDULDQWHGHGHVI XUDUHDSURGXF LHLSHSDUFXUVXOFHORU
trei luni:
V1 -
V VH PHQ LQ SURGXF LD FHORU GRX SURGXVH OD QLYHOXO LQGLFDW GH SURJUDPXO OLQLDU
(modulul 3.4.1.)
V2 - V
FUHDVF FX SH OXQ SURGXF LD SHQWUX $ L FX SH OXQ SURGXF LD SHQWUX
B2002
V3 - V
FUHDVF FX SH OXQ SURGXF LD SHQWUX $ L FX SH OXQ SURGXF LD SHQWUX
B2002.
$MXVWDUHDQLYHOXOXLSURGXF LLORUSHQWUXSURGXVHOH$L%HVWHHVWLPDW vQIXQF LHGH
YROXPXO SUHYL]LRQDW DO YkQ] ULORU FRUHODW FX YkQ] ULOH UHDOH GLQ SURGXVHOH FRQFXUHQWH H[LVWHQWH SH
SLD
SURGXVHOH & & L & SHQWUX SURGXVXO $ L SURGXVHOH VXEVWLWXW SHQWUX
SURGXVXO % D F UXL FHUHUH IOXFWXHD] vQ IXQF LH GH FRQMXQFWXUD HFRQRPLF 6XQW HYLGHQ LDWH
XUP WRDUHOHVLWXD LLRELHFWLYHGHHYROX LHDYkQ] ULORU
Starea naturii SN1VLWXD LHIDYRUDELO
VRFLHW
-FHUHUHDGLQSURGXVXO$VHVLWXHD]
FRWD GH SDUWLFLSDUH SH SLD
LL352026,0FRQGL LLVODEHGHFRQFXUHQ
ODQLYHOXO
FDOFXODW SULQ PRGHOXO
Markov)* 6000 buc. n luna
octombrie;
FRWDGHSLD
GLQPRGHOXO0DUNRY EXFvQOXQDQRLHPEULH
FRWDGHSLD
GLQPRGHOXO0DUNRY EXFvQOXQDGHFHPEULH
- FHUHUHD SHQWUX SURGXVXO % V

%URZQSHQWUX
ILH vQ OXQD RFWRPEULH OD QLYHOXO SURJQR
zat prin metoda
DSRLvQOXQDQRLHPEULHODQLYHOXOFLvQGHFHPEULHOD
+ c)
-
Starea naturii SN2FRQGL LLPHGLLGHFRQFXUHQ

-FHUHUHDGLQSURGXVXO$VHVLWXHD]
SHSLD DSURGXVHORU$L%
ODQLYHOXO
cota de SLD
FDOFXODW SULQPRGHOXO0DUNRY EXFvQOXQDRFWRPEULH
FRWDGHSLD
FDOFXODW SULQPRGHOXO0DUNRY EXFvQOXQDQRLHPEULH
FRWDGHSLD
FDOFXODW SULQPRGHOXO0DUNRY EXFvQOXQDGHFHPEULH

%URZQSHQWUX
ILH
n luna octombrie la nivelul prognozat prin metoda
DSRLvQOXQDQRLHPEULHODQLYHOXOFLvQGHFHPEULHOD
+ c)
-
Starea naturii SN3

celolalte produse)
VLWXD LH QHIDYRUDELO SHQWUX 6& 352026,0 FRQFXUHQ
DJUHVLY D
- cerHUHDGLQSURGXVXO$VHVLWXHD]
FRWD GH SDUWLFLSDUH SH SLD
ODQLYHOXO
FDOFXODW SULQ PRGHOXO 0DUNRY EXF vQ OXQD
octombrie
FRWDGHSLD
GLQPRGHOXO0DUNRY EXFvQOXQDQRLHPEULH
FRWDGHSLD
GLQPRGHOXO0DUNRY

%URZQ SHQWUX
buc. n luna decembrie
ILH vQ OXQD RFWRPEULH OD QLYHOXO SURJQR]DW SULQ PHWRGD
RSWLP DSRL vQ OXQD QRLHPEULH OD QLYHOXO F L vQ GHFHPEULH OD
(2900 + c)
&RPSDUDUHD GLIHULWHORU SRVLELOLW
L GH GHVI XUDUH D SURGXF LHL VH IDFH SULQ SULVPD XQRU
FRQVHFLQ HGHWLSSLHUGHUHDVWIHO
GDF RIHUWDHVWHPDLPLF GHFkWFHUHUHDDWXQFL
&RQVHFLQ DSLHUGHUHD
&KHOWXLHOLGHVWRFDUH
GDF RIHUWDHVWHPDLPDUHGHFkWFHUHUHDDWXQFL
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3HQDOL]
ri.
$FHVWH SHQDOL] UL DSDU SULQ IDSWXOF VRFLHWDWHD SLHUGHFOLHQ L QHVDWLVI FX L SULQ VROLFLWDUHD
XQXLSURGXVLLQH[LVWHQ DVDODYkQ]DUHVDXSULQvQWkU]LHUHDOLYU ULLVHHVWLPHD] SHQDOL]DUHDSHQWUX
SURGXVXO $ FD GLQ FRVWXO XQLWDU GH SURGXF LH L SHQDOL]DUHD GH GLQ FRVWXO XQLWDU DO
produsului B2002.
I&RQGXFHUHDVRFLHW
LLHVWHLQWHUHVDW vQVHOHFWDUHDFHOHLPDLEXQHPRGDOLW
LGHGHVI XUDUH
DSURGXF LHL
6WUXFWXUDUHD VLWXD LHLVXQWIRUPDXQXLVHWILQLWGHYDULDQWH GH DF LXQHD PDL PXOWRUVW
UL
DOHQDWXULLLSRVLELOLWDWHDGHDFDOFXODFRQVHFLQ HOHHFRQRPLFHDVRFLDWHILHF UHLFRPELQD LL

YDULDQW
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VWDUHDQDWXULLSHUPLWHIRUPXODUHDXQXLPRGHOGHGHFL]LHVXEIRUP
.
PDWULFHDO vQFRQGL LLGHLQFHUWLWXGLQH
II.,QVLWXD LDvQFDUHGLQH[SHULHQ DDQWHULRDU
VHSRWHVWLPDSUREDELOLW
LOHVW ULORUQDWXULLOD
QLYHOXO V VH LGHQWLILFH FHD PDL EXQ YDULDQW GHFL]LRQDO 6H YD IRORVL vQ
DFHVWFD]PRGHOXOPDWULFHDOGHGHFL]LHvQFRQGL LLGHULVF
In modelul matriFHDO DO GHFL]LLORU vQ FRQGL
LL GH ULVF SHQWUX FRPSDUDUHD GLIHULWHORU
YDULDQWHGHFL]LRQDOHVHIRORVHWHLQGLFDWRUXOVSHUDQ DPDWHPDWLF
VDXYDORDUHDDWHSWDW
6HLGHQWLILF YDULDQWHOHGHFL]LRQDOH
V1 pentru produsul A2001 se produce
x1 + x 3 + x5 ; pentru produsul B2002
x6 + x8 + x10
V2 - pentru produsul A2001 se produce x1 + 1,05 x3 + 1,1025 x5 ; pentru produsul B2002

x6 + 1,08 x8 + 1,1664 x10
V3 - pentru produsul A2001 se produce x1 + 1,08 x3 + 1,1664 x5 ; pentru produsul B2002

x6 + 1,05 x8 + 1,1025 x10
6HLGHQWLILF VW ULOHQDWXULL
SN1 -VHHVWLPHD]
FHUHUHDSHQWUXSURGXVXO$FRWDGHSDUWLFLSDUHSHSLD
GLQPRGHOXO
0DUNRY SHQWUXRFWRPEULH FRWDGHSLD D SHQWUXQRLHPEULH
1,1 FRWDGHSLD
- VH
SHQWUXGHFHPEULH
HVWLPHD] FHUHUHD SHQWUX SURGXVXO % FD VXP D YkQ] ULORU SHQWUX SHULRDGD
octombrie-decembrie
SN2 -VHHVWLPHD]
GLQPRGHOXO
Markov * 6000 (pentru octRPEULHFRWDGHSLD D SHQWUXQRLHPEULHFRWDGH

SLD
- VH
SHQWUXGHFHPEULH
octombrie-decembrie
SN3 -VHHVWLPHD]
GLQPRGHOXO
0DUNRY SHQWUXRFWRPEULH FRWDGHSLD D SHQWUXQRLHPEULH

FRWDGHSLD
- VH
SHQWUXGHFHPEULH
octombrie-decembrie
6H FRQVWUXLHWH PDWULFHD FRQVHFLQ HORU VXPD FKHOWXLHOLORU SHQWUX VWRFDUH VDX SHQDOL] UL SHQWUX
FHOHGRX SURGXVH
'DWHOHSHQWUXDQDOL]DGHFL]LRQDO vQFD]XOFRHILFLHQWXOXLGHLQGLYLGXDOL]DUHF
VXQW
prezentate n Tabelul 9.
Tabelul 9
Starea naturii
Variante decizionale
V1
V2
V3
SN1
602,9619
209,4307
115,1141
SN2
61,9913
231,2457
246,4467
SN3
184,065
402,2395
460,0308
'HH[HPSOXSHQWUXFRPELQD LD9L61
- oferta din produsul A2001 este x1+x3+x5= 8939

- oferta din produsul B2002 este x6 +x8+x10 = 5446,03
- cererea din produsul A2001 este (0,46665 + 0,5021 + 0,5212) * 6000 = 9703,3
- cererea din produsul B2002 este 1260,316 + 1400 + 3500 = 6154,74
3HQWUX SURGXVXO $ RIHUWD HVWH PDL PLF GHFkW FHUHUHD GHFL VH YRU vQUHJLVWUD SHQDOL] UL vQ
valoare de (9703,3-8939)*0,52 = 397,436 u.m.

3HQWUX SURGXVXO % RIHUWD HVWH PDL PLF GHFkW FHUHUHD L VH YRU vQUHJLVWUD SHQDOL] UL GH
(6154,74 5446,03) * 0,3 = 205,5259 u.m.

&RQVHFLQ DDVRFLDW YDULDQWHL9GDF VHPDQLIHVW VWDUHD61DQDWXULLYDIL
397,436 + 205,5259 = 602,9619 u.m.

Rezolvare
3UREOHPDSRDWHILUH]ROYDW FXSURGXVHOHLQIRUPDWLFH
WINQSB/ Da/ Payoff Table, [23], pag.170 172;

QM/ Decision Theory/ Decision Making under Uncertainty, Decision Making under Risk,
[23], pag.164 170, 172 176, 178 181;
MANAGER1/ Prudent, Joc D+XUZLF].
6HUHFRPDQG FDUDSRUWXOPDQDJHULDOV LQFOXG H[SOLFD LLDVXSUDXUP WRDUHORUDVSHFWH
1.
5HFRPDQG UL GH DOHJHUH D FHOHL PDL SRWULYLWH UHJXOL GH GHFL]LH GLQ FHOH I
olosite: Wald
(minmax), maxmax, Savage (minmax regret), Laplace (equal likelihood), Hurwicz;

2.
(VWLPDUHD FRVWXOXL PD[LP SHQWUX DFKL]L LRQDUHD XQRU LQIRUPD LL FRPSOHWH DVXSUD VW ULORU
naturii;
3.
5HFRPDQG ULGHDOHJHUHDYDORULLFRHILFLHQWXOXLGHRSWLPLVPSHQWUX
regula/criteriul Hurwicz;
4. Surclasarea variantelor decizionale.
3.9.
&DOFXOXO QHFHVDUXOXL GH UHVXUVH PDWHULDOH L XPDQH SH ED]D QRUPHORU GLQ ILHOH
tehnologice
$WHOLHUXO GH 5HYL]LL L 5HSDUD LL DO 6& 352026,0 6$ vVL FRQIHF LRQHD] SLHVHOH GH
schimb
GH FDUH DUH QHYRLH SHQWUX UHSDUD LL 5HDOL]DUHD vQ EXQH FRQGL LL D SURJUDPXOXL GH UHSDUD LL
SUHVXSXQH GHWHUPLQDUHD DWkW D QXP UXOXL GH VXEDQVDPEOH SLHVH GH VFKLPE FRPSXVH VDX VLPSOH
QHFHVDUH SHQWUX UHSDUD LL vQ SHULRDGD XUP WRDUH FkW L D PDWHULDOHORU QHFHVDUH SHQWUX FRQIHF LRQDUHD
lor. Structurile arborescente pentru cele mai utilizate subansambluri sunt prezentate n Figura 3.
A1
A2
P1
R1
R3(2)
P1(2)
R2(2)
R1
P2
R2(2)
R3
R4
Figura 3
1HFHVDUXOGHFRPSRQHQWHSHQWUXSURJUDPXOGHUHSDUD LLVWRFXOLQL LDOVWRFXOILQDOLFRQVXPXO
VSHFLILFGLQPDWHULDOHOH0L0VXQWGDWHvQ7DEHOXO
Tabelul 10
Nr.
crt.
Componenta
Programul
Stocul
GHUHSDUD LL
LQL LDOGRULW
n intervalul
[t-1,t]
pentru
perioada
XUP WRDUH
SIt
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
A1
A2
P1
P2
R1
R2
R3
R4
5+c
9+c
10 + c
4+c
5+c
5+c
3+c
3+c
0
0
5 +[c/10]
2 +[c/10]
2 +[c/10]
2 +[c/10]
2 +[c/10]
1 +[c/10]
Stocul final
existent la
VIkULWXO
perioadei
precedente
SFt-1
0
0
6 +[c/20]
1 +[c/20]
1 +[c/20]
2 +[c/20]
2 +[c/20]
1 +[c/20]
Consum
specific din
materialul
M1
0
0
0
0
0,4
0,2
0,6
0
Consum
specific din
materialul
M2
0
0
0
0
0
0.3
0.5
0,6
PentrX0VWRFXOLQL LDO6,t = 2+c/10, iar stocul final SFt-1 =3+c/20.

3HQWUX0VWRFXOLQL LDO6,t
1RW
>F@>F@
= 1+c/10, iar stocul final SFt-1 =2+c/20
SDUWHDvQWUHDJ DQXP UXOXLFUHVSHFWLYF
Pe baza structXULORU DUERUHVFHQWH DOH VXEDQVDPEOHORU $ L $ VH SRDWH FRQVWUXL XQ
PRGHO PDWULFHDO SHQWUX GHWHUPLQDUHD QHFHVDUXOXL GH VXEDQVDPEOH L FRPSRQHQWH
Un astfel de model este modelul matricii exploziilor sumarizate.
Rezolvare
Pentru rezolvare se va utiliza produsul informatic EXSUM, [23], pag. 9 13
1. Necesarul de componente pentru realizarea prograPXOXL GH UHSDUD LL
LQkQG FRQW GH VWRFXO
H[LVWHQWODVIkULWXOSHULRDGHLW LVWRFXOGRULWODvQFHSXWXOSHULRDGHLW
1HFHVDUXO GH PDWHULDOH 0 L 0 SHQWUX UHDOL]DUHD UHSHUHORU LQkQG FRQW GH VWRFXULOH GH
PDWHULDOHH[LVWHQWHODVIkULWXOSHULRDGHL
(t-LVWRFXULOHGRULWHODvQFHSXWXOSHULRDGHLW
&DOFXOXOHIHFWHORUHFRQRPLFHPD[LPHvQFD]XOPRGHUQL] ULLVHF LLORU
3.10.
6&352026,06$GLVSXQHGHPLOLDUGHOHLSHQWUXPRGHUQL]DUHDFHORUVHF LLDOHVDOH
S-au estimat efectele economice ( mld. lei) pentru multiplii de 20 mld. lei conform Tabelului 11.
Tabelul 11
Efecte economice
Fondul alocat
6HF LD,
6HF LD,,
0
1*20 mld
2*20 mld
3*20 mld
4*20 mld
5*20 mid
0
10,2 + c/100
11,3 + c/100
12,3 + c/100
13,2 + c/100
13,8 + c/100
0
8,1 + c/100
8,5 + c/100
8,8 + c/100
9,2 + c/100
9,2 + c/100
6HF LD,,,
0
7,3 + c/100
8,2 + c/100
9,3 + c/100
9,6 + c/100
10,1 + c/100
6H GRUHWH V VH FXQRDVF SROLWLFD GH DORFDUH D IRQGXOXL GLVSRQLELO FDUH V DVLJXUH RE LQHUHD
profitului total maxim.
$ORFDUHD RSWLP
D UHVXUVHORU E QHWL vQ IXQF LH GH HIHFWXO HFRQRPLF VH SRDWH UHDOL]D
FX DMXWRUXO XQXL PRGHO GH SURJUDPDUH GLQDPLF

RSWLPDOLW
FRQVWUXLW SH ED]D SULQFLSLXOXL
LLDOOXL%HOOPDQ
Rezolvare
6ROX LD SUREOHPHL VH RE LQH FX DMXWRUXO SURGXVXOXL LQIRUPDWLF
pag. 158 163.

Raportul managerial va prezenta:

1.
&DOFXOXOWDEHODUSHQWUXRE LQHUHDVROX LHL
MANAGER1/ Dinamic, [23],
2.
0RGXOGHDORFDUHDUHVXUVHORUE QHWLSHQWUXRE LQHUHDHIHFWXOXLHFRQRPLFWRWDOPD[LP
3.
&RQWULEX LDILHF UHLVHF LLODUHDOL]DUHDHIHFWXOXLHFRQRPLFWRWDOPD[LP
3.11.
5HGXFHUHD
FKHOWXLHOLORU
FDX]DWH
GH
vQWUHUXSHUHD
SURFHVXOXL
GH
SURGXF LH
SHQWUX
repararea utilajelor defecte

Atelierul de RepDUD LLDO6&352026,06$HIHFWXHD]
]LOQLFUHYL]LLLUHSDUD LLODXWLODMHOH
SURGXFWLYH 'LQ DQDOL]D GDWHORU H[WUDVH GLQ ILD XWLODMXOXL UH]XOW F LQWHUYDOXO GH WLPS GLQWUH
GHIHF LXQL VXFFHVLYH HVWH R YDULDELO DOHDWRDUH FX GLVWULEX LH GH SUREDELOLWDWH XQLIRUP FX PHGLD vQ
LQWHUYDOXO > @ RUH 3RW IL OXDWH vQ FRQVLGHUDUH DOWHUQDWLYH 9 L 9 GH HIHFWXDUH D UHYL]LLORU L
UHSDUD LLORUFXFDUDFWHULVWLFLOHvQVFULVHvQ7DEHOXOXL
Tabelul 12
Varianta
6DODULLXQLW
L
Productivitatea medie
PRQHWDUHRU
V1
V2
Dispersia
QUXWLODMHUHSDUDWHRU
150 + c
250 + c
2
4
1
1
)LHFDUH XWLODM FDUH QX IXQF LRQHD] FDX]HD] R SLHUGHUH GH SURGXF LH vQ YDORDUH GH F
XQLW
LPRQHWDUHRU &RQGXFHUHDDWHOLHUXOXLGRUHWHV WLHFDUHDUWUHEXLV ILHYDULDQWDGHHIHFWXDUHD
UHYL]LLORULUHSDUD LLORUDVWIHOvQFkWV VHPLQLPL]H]HFKHOWXLHOLOHWRWDOHGHDWHSWDUHLUHSDUD LL
)HQRPHQXO GH DWHSWDUH FDUH DSDUH vQ DFHVW SURFHV VH FDUDFWHUL]HD] SULQWU
GLVWULEX LH XQLIRUP D VRVLULORU L R GLVWULEX LH QRUPDO
-o
D VHUYLULORU Pentru acest tip
GHSURFHVGHDWHSWDUHQXH[LVW XQPRGHODQDOLWLFGHDFHHDVHYDXWLOL]DXQPRGHOGH
simulare Monte Carlo pentru determinarea elementelor necesare analizei

decizionale.
Rezolvare:
3UREOHPDVHUH]ROY FXSURGXVXOLQIRUPDWLF
MANAGER2/ Astfix, [23], pag. 156 158.
'HFL]LDPDQDJHULDO VHYDOXDvQIXQF LHGHFRVWXOWRWDOGH DWHSWDUHGHWHUPLQDWSHQWUXILHFDUH
YDULDQW
&RVWXO WRWDO GH DWHSWDUH DO YDULDQWHL 9

QXP UXOXLGHXQLW
0HGLD WLPSXOXL PHGLX GH DWHSWDUH 0HGLD
LvQVLVWHP F0HGLDWLPSXOXLPHGLXGHQHIRORVLUHDOVWD LHL
(150+c)
&RVWXO WRWDO GH DWHSWDUH DO YDULDQWHL 9
QXP UXOXLGHXQLW
0HGLD WLPSXOXL PHGLX GH DWHSWDUH 0HGLD
LvQVLVWHP F0HGLDWLPSXOXLPHGLXGHQHIRORVLUHDOVWD LHL
(250+c)
6H YD DOHJH YDULDQWD FX FRVWXO WRWDO PDL PLF L VH YRU DQDOL]D IDFWRULL FDUH DX GHWHUPLQDW DFHO
cost.
3.12.
([DPLQDUHD FDSDFLW
LORU GH GHSR]LWDUH DOH ILUPHL SHQWUX PDWHULLOH SULPH L PDWHULDOHOH
QHFHVDUHSURFHVXOXLGHIDEULFD LH
'LQ FDX]D SDUWLFXODULW
LORU SURFHVXOXL GH SURGXF LH D FDSDFLW
LL OLPLWDWH L D FRQGL LLORU GH
GHSR]LWDUHLQWU ULOHLLHLULOHPDWHULDOXOXL0GLQGHSR]LWXO LQWHUPHGLDU DO ILU
mei PROMOSIM,
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VXFFHVLYHDUDQMDWHSHOLQLHvQGRX PDWULFLLDQXPHPDWULFHDLQWU ULORULPDWULFHDLHLULORU
,QWU
UL
5
10
13
9
10
11
15
15
11 14 12
15 13 9
15 9 5
8 9 11
17 14 10
,HLUL
2 4 7 9
10 13 15 15
9 11 13 13
10 5 11 8
12 11 8 15
WLLQGF VWRFDUHDLPSOLF XQFRVWGHGHSR]LWDUHGHFXQLW
13
17
17
16
17
LPRQHWDUHXQLWDWHIL]LF ]LLDU
OLSVD PDWHULDOHORU vQ VWRF LPSOLF XQ FRVW GH SHQDOL]DUH GH F XQLW
L PRQHWDUHXQLWDWH IL]LF ]L
FRQGXFHUHD ILUPHL 352026,0 GRUHWH V DOHDJ P ULPHD VWRFXOXL LQL LDO FDUH FRQGXFH OD FKHOWXLHOL
WRWDOHPLQLPH GHVWRFDUHLGHSHQDOL]DUH6HDXvQYHGHUH YDULDQWHGHVWRF LQL LDO9
F
u.f.; V2=(20 + 2c/100) u.f.; V3= (30 + 3c/100) u.f.
3URFHVXO GH VWRFDUH SUH]HQWDW VH FDUDFWHUL]HD] DWkW SULQ FHUHUH LHLUL DOHDWRDUH FkW
L SULQ FDQWLW
VWRFDUHQXH[LVW
LOH DSURYL]LRQDWH LQWU UL DOHDWRDUH 3HQWUX DVWIHO GH SURFHVH GH
PRGHOHDQDOLWLFHGHDFHHDVHYDXWLOL]DXQPRGHl de simulare Monte

Carlo pentru determinarea elementelor necesare analizei decizionale.
Rezolvare
3UREOHPDVHUH]ROY FXSURGXVXOLQIRUPDWLF
MANAGER2/ Stocmat, [23], pag.140 - 144
RaporWXOPDQDJHULDOGHDQDOL]
YDLQFOXGHXUP WRDUHOHLQIRUPD LL
1. Ritmul mediu de consum, ritmul mediu de aprovizionare;

2.
3UREDELOLWDWHD GH UXSHUH D VWRFXOXL FDQWLWDWHD PHGLH GHILFLWDU FkQG FHUHUHD ! VWRFXO VWRFXO
mediu;
3.
&KHOWXLHOLOHWRWDOHGHVWRFDUHLSHQDOL]DUHSHQWUXILHFDUHYDULDQW GHVWRFLQL LDO
4.
$QDOL]DYDULDQWHLVHOHFWDWHGLQSXQFWGHYHGHUHDOIDFWRULORUFDUHLQIOXHQ HD] FRVWXOWRWDO

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Modelul liniar pentru stabilirea programului

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Aprilie (anul curent)

Mai (anul curent)

Iunie (anul curent)

Iulie (anul curent)

August (anul curent)

Septembrie (anul curent)

Obiectivele echipei manageriale pentru trimestrul IV a.c.

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dintre utilizatorii produsului C2032 (la nceputul lunii septembrie a.c.):

dintre utilizatorii produsului C2033 (la nceputul lunii septembrie a.c.):

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