Raionul

MINISTERUL EDUCAIEI
AL REPUBLICII MOLDOVA
AGENIA DE ASIGURARE
A CALITII

Localitatea
Instituia de nvmnt

Nume, prenume

TESTUL Nr. 1

GEOGRAFIA
EXAMEN DE BACALAUREAT
Profil umanist, real, arte, sport, tehnologic
martie 2014
Timp alocat: 180 de minute

Rechizite i materiale permise: pix de culoare albastr, atlase geografice colare, rigl.

Instruciuni pentru candidat:

- Citii cu atenie subiectele de mai jos. Scriei rspunsul, n corespundere cu
fiecare cerin.
- Folosii, unde este necesar, atlasele colare la geografia fizic i la geografia
uman.

i dorim mult succes!

Scor total acumulat _________

nr

scor

Item

scor

I. Analizarea i interpretarea componentelor i fenomenelor mediului geografic, utiliznd

hri, imagini i fragmente de text (38 p.).
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Analizai, procesul exogen de formare a reliefului reprezentat n imagine:

a) indicai denumirea
procesului exogen:
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Determinai, n limitele cror latitudini geografice se ncadreaz continentul L

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America de Sud, pe meridianul 60 long. V., aplicnd reeaua de grade a hrii.
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b) indicai dou cauze, care au determinat producerea procesului:

- ________________________________________________________________
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c) indicai dou consecine ale procesului pentru natur sau activitatea omului:
- ________________________________________________________________
- ________________________________________________________________
d) explicai dou msuri de combatere a procesului exogen:
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2.

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Citii afirmaiile de mai jos. Dac afirmaia este adevrat, ncercuii litera A.
Dac este fals, ncercuii pe F. Dac ai ncercuit litera F, scriei pe linii, n locul
cuvintelor subliniate, alte cuvinte, care fac afirmaia adevrat.
A F 1. La 22 iunie razele solare, la amiaz, cad perpendicular pe Ecuator.
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A F 2. Principala ramur a agriculturii Japoniei este cultura plantelor.
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A F 3. Solurile tipice pdurilor de foioase snt cele de cernoziom.
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Enumerai, componentele elementelor indicate:

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a) siderurgiei n
India;

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b) ntreprinderilor
siderurgice noi n
Marea Britanie

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a) trei componente ale Sistemului Solar:

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b) trei motive ale migraiei populaiei:
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c) trei tipuri de relaii n mediul nconjurtor:
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Argumentai, rolul unui factor, care a determinat amplasarea industriei n rile

indicate n tabel.
Amplasarea

c)
electrosiderurgiei
n Frana;
d) produciei
aluminiului n
Norvegia;
e) industriei
automobilelor n
Germania.

Factorul de loc lizare

II. Argumentarea relaiilor cauzale dintre componentele mediului geografic (23 p.).
Caracterizai, resursele agroclimatice ale Braziliei, analiznd harta respectiv din
atlas. Indicai:
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a) denumirea zonei de asigurare cu cldur, care predomin pe teritoriul Braziliei: L
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zon: __________________________;
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b) ce culturi agricole snt specifice pentru zona de cldur predominant:

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de exemplu: _______________________,
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c) denumirea zonei de asigurare cu cldur din sud-estul rii:

_______________________________; suma temperaturilor active n aceast
zon: __________________________;

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d) ce culturi agricole snt specifice pentru zona din sud-estul rii:
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de exemplu: _________________________, ____________________________. 2

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2.
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3.
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e) denumirea zonei de umiditate predominant pe teritoriul Braziliei:

____________________; coeficientul de umezire n aceast regiune:
_______________________;
Deducei, trei consecine pentru economia rii, a ieirii Japoniei la mare.
Explicai fiecare consecin, analiznd hrile pe care le considerai necesare.
Consecine pentru economia rii
1.
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Japonia stat maritim

Concluzie despre rolul caracterului deschis al hotarelor maritime a Japoniei n

prezent, n raport cu trecutul: _______________________________________
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8

Descriei, caracteristicile indicate ale lumii organice din mediul pdurilor

ecuatoriale umede:
a) explicai, o adaptare a plantelor la condiiile climatice din acest mediu.
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b) indicai, dou specii reprezentative de plante:
______________________________, _____________________________;

c) explicai, o adaptare a animalelor la condiiile de trai:

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d) indicai, dou specii reprezentative de animale:
______________________________, ______________________________.
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III. Eseu structurat (14 p.)

Descriei, ntr-un eseu, rolul scoarei terestre pentru nveliul geografic. Explicai,
cite un exemplu, despre rolul scoarei terestre pentru:
a) atmosfer;
b) hidrosfer;
c) biosfer;
d) activitatea uman.
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