scor scor

Nr.
Item
I. Analizarea i interpretarea componentelor i fenomenelor mediului geografic, utiliznd
hri, imagini i fragmente de text (38 p.).
Acest tip de mediu este situat pe ambele pri ale Ecuatorului. Dintre toi
1
componenii, rolul principal n formarea mediului revine climei. Aici se
deosebete un singur anotimp cu temperaturi pozitive ale aerului i cu multe
precipitaii atmosferice. Clima a determinat dezagregarea intensiv i alterarea
chimic a rocilor, debitele mari ale rurilor, formarea unei vegetaii abundente pe
soluri lateritice srace n humus. Vegetaia este reprezentat de arborele-decauciuc, arborele-de-cacao .a., dintre animale se ntlnesc jaguarul, gorila .a. n
unele regiuni au fost defriate mari suprafee de pduri, ceea ce a provocat
formarea unui mediu anropizat.
Identificai tipul de mediu geografic, folosind fragmentul de text, harta L
L
climatic din atlas i algoritmul de mai jos. Completai spaiile libere cu 0
0
1
1
informaia necesar:
2

L
0
1

L
0
1

L
0
1

L
0
1

L
0
e) dou tipuri de relaii existente n acest mediu geografic (i cte un exemplu 1

L
0
1

a) valoarea temperaturii aerului n luna ianuarie atinge _________; n iulie

_________;
b) cantitatea anual de precipitaii atmosferice atinge: _____________________;
c) tipul caracteristic de sol este: ___________________________________;
d) denumirea tipului de mediu geografic este:
________________________________________________________________;
respectiv de relaii) snt:
-________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________;
-________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________;

L
0
1
2

L
0
1
2

L
0
1
2

L
0
1
2

Determinai n limitele cror longitudini geografice se ncadreaz teritoriul

Australiei (ntre Capul Steep-Point i Capul Byron). Aplicai reeaua de
grade a hrii. Indicai rspunsul doar n grade (eroare admis 1).
_______________________________________________________________

L
0
1
2
3
4

L
0
1
2
3

L
0
1
2
3

L
0
1
2
3

L
0
1
2
3

L
0
1
2
3

L
0
1
2
3

Explicai unul dintre principalii factori care a determinat amplasarea

ramurilor industriale indicate.
Amplasarea

Factorul

a) industriei
automobilelor;

_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________

b) produciei
_________________________________________________
zahrului din
_________________________________________________
sfecl de zahr; _________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
c) industriei
aeronautice.

L
0
1
2
3
4

_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________

n coloana A snt indicate cteva tipuri de roci magmatice i de cele

sedimentare, dar n coloana B unele exemple de roci. Scriei, pe liniile din
faa literelor mari din coloana A, cifrele din coloana B, corespunztor
L
fiecruit tip de roci (cifrele pot fi scrise o singur dat).
0
Coloana A
Coloana B
1
______ A. Roci intruzive
1. Nisip.
2
3
______ B. Roci efuzive.
2. Granit.
4
______ C. Roci detritice.
3. Bauxit.
5
6
______ D. Roci hemogene.
4. Calcar.
7
______ E. Roci organogene.
5. Piatra ponce.
8
9
6. Petrol.
10
7. Sienit.
8. Fosforit.
9. Argil.
10. Bazalt.

L
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

Citii afirmaiile de mai jos. Dac afirmaia este adevrat, ncercuii litera
A, dac este fals, ncercuii litera F. Dac ai ncercuit litera F, scriei pe
linii, n locul cuvintelor subliniate, alte cuvinte, care fac afirmaia adevrat.
_______________ A F 1. Coliziunea este procesul de alunecare a unei plci
litosferice sub o alt plac.
______________ A F 2. Principala ramur a agriculturii Indiei este cultura
plantelor.
_______________ A F 3. Solurile tipice pdurilor i arbutilor permanent verzi
cu frunze tari snt cele brune.

L
0
1
2
3
4
5
6

L
0
1
2
3
4
5
6

II. Stabilirea relaiilor cauzale dintre componentele mediului geografic (23 p.).
6

Apreciai poziia Statelor Unite ale Americii fa de cile de transport

maritime i cele terestre, folosind hrile necesare:

L
0
- de var __________________________________________________________ 1
2
- de iarn ________________________________________________________;

L
0
1
2

a) poziia fa de cile de transport maritime:

_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
b) poziia fa de cile de transport terestre:
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

Descriei formarea musonilor, folosind desenele i algoritmul de mai jos:

a) indicai direcia de deplasare a aerului n fiecare muson:

b) scriei una dintre principalele cauze care determin formarea musonului:

_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

L
0
1

L
0
1

L
0
2

L
0
2

L
0
2

L
0
2

L
0
1

L
0
1

L
0
1
2
3

L
0
1
2
3

L
0
1
2
3

L
0
1
2
3

L
0
1
2
3

L
0
1
2
3

c) explicai cum se formeaz musonul:

- de var _________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
- de iarn _________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
d) identificai o regiune pentru care este caracteristic clima musonic, analiznd
harta climatic:
_________________________________________________________________
8

Analizai dependena repartiiei i densitii nalte a populaiei n diferite

regiuni ale Terrei de trei factori, aplicnd hrile necesare:
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

III. Eseu structurat (14 p.)

Alctuii un eseu structurat cu tema Degradarea vegetaiei naturale.
Argumentai:
a) dou cauze antropice care au dus la degradarea vegetaiei naturale pe Terra:
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

L
0
1
2
3

L
0
1
2
3

_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

L
0
1
2
3

L
0
1
2
3

L
0
1
2
3

L
0
1
2
3

L
0
1
2
3

L
0
1
2
3

L
0
2

L
0
2

b) dou consecine ale degradrii vegetaiei naturale:

_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
c) opinia voastr privind evitarea degradrii vegetaiei naturale:
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________