Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Bibliografie:
1) T. Tudorache, Medii de calcul n inginerie electric MATLAB,
Ed. MATRIXROM, 2006;
2) M. Ghinea, V. Fireeanu, MATLAB, calcul numeric grafic
aplicaii, Ed. TEORA, 1999;
3) Matworks, MATLAB and SIMULINK Users Guide;
4) JP Chancelier, F. Delebecque et al, Introduction a Scilab.
Obiectivul disciplinei
nsuirea principalelor comenzi, funcii
i noiuni de programare specifice
mediilor de calcul ingineresc
Matlab, Simulink i Scilab
1. Introducere n MATLAB
1.1. Ce este MATLAB ?
Mediul de dezvoltare
Limbajul MATLAB
- clic pe meniul
- etc.
urmat de clic pe
Se pot introduce
funcii i
comenzi
MATLAB
Vizualizare sau
schimbarea
directorului curent
Clic pentru a
nchide fereastra
2. Manipularea matricelor
2.1. Definirea matricelor
matrice.txt
123
234
Command
zeros
ones
rand
eye
diag
Matrice diagonal
linspace
logspace
>> Z = zeros(2, 3)
Z=
0
0
0
0
S=
0
0
>> F = 5*ones(2, 2)
F=
5
5
5
5
>> N = 10*rand(1, 5)
N=
9.5013
2.3114
6.0684
4.8598
8.9130
exemplu.m
for i = 1:3
for j = 1:3
A (i, j) = i + j + 10;
end
end
A
A=
12
13
14
13
14
15
14
15
16
3
10
6
15
>> A(2, 4)
ans =
8
2
11
7
14
13
8
12
1
>> b =A(2, 4)
b=
8
>> b =A(2, 4);
2.2.1. Operatorul :
>> 1:5
>> A = [1 3 2; 5 10 11; 9 6 7]
ans =
1 2
A=
1 3 2
5 10 11
9 6 7
>> 10:-2:5
ans =
10
>> b = A(:,3)
8
b=
2
11
7
>> x = [1/0 2 3]
>> ~isinf(x)
x=
0
>> x = x(~isinf(x))
>> isinf(x)
ans =
1 0
x=
2
Functie
Descriere
Exemplu
isempty
isempty(M) 0
isequal
isequal(M, N) 0
isnumeric
isnumeric(M) 1
issparse
issparse(M) 0
isfinite
isfinite(M) 1 1 1
111
isnan
isnan(M) 0 0 0
000
isinf
isinf(M) 0 0 0
000
Operator
Operatie
Adunare
Scdere
nmultire
mprtire
mprtire la stnga
Putere
()
>> A = [1 3+i; 2 3]
A=
1 3+i
2 3
>> A*A
ans =
7+2i 12+4i
8 15+2i
>> A'
ans =
1
3-i
2
3
>> A^2
ans =
7+2i 12+4i
8 15+2i
A+A'
ans =
2
5-i
5+i
6
Operator
Operaie
Adunare
Scdere
.*
./
.\
.^
>> n = (0:9);
>> tablou = [n n.^2 2.^n]
tablou =
0 0 1
1 1 2
2 4 4
3 9 8
4 16 16
5 25 32
6 36 64
7 49 128
8 64 256
9 81 512
>> A = [1 3; 2 3]
A=
1 3
2 3
>> A.^2
ans =
1 9
4 9
>> A^2
ans =
7 12
8 15
Descriere
Exemplu
disp
disp(A)
123
234
display
display(A)
A=
123
234
length
length(A) 3
ndims
ndims(A) 2
numel
numel(A) 6
size
size(A) 2 3
Functie
Descriere
Exemplu
blkdiag
blkdiag([1 2; 3 4], 2)
1 2 0
3 4 0
0 0 2
cat
Concateneaz vectori
cat(1, A, B)
1 2 3
2 3 4
1 2 3
2 3 5
cross
cross(C, D) -1 2 -1
cumprod
cumprod(D) 2 6 24
cumsum
cumsum(D) 2 5 9
diag
diag(A) 1
3
dot
dot(C, D) 20
end
Incheie buclele for, while, switch, try, if sau defineste ultimul index al
matricelor sau vectorilor
A(1:end, 2) 2
3
find
find(A) 1 2 3 4 5 6
fliplr
fliplr(A) 3
4
flipud
flipud(A) 2
1
flipdim
flipdim(A,1) 2 3
1 2
horzcat
horzcat(A, B)
1 2 3 1 2 3
2 3 4 2 3 5
max
max(C) 3
min
max(C) 1
2
3
1
2
3
2
4
3
4
3
prod
prod(C) 6
reshape
reshape(A,3,2) 1 3
2 3
2 4
rot90
Roteste o matrice cu 90
rot90(A) 3 4
2 3
1 2
sort
sort(E) 1 2
5 3
sortrows
sortrows(E) 1 3
5 2
sum
sum(C) 6
sqrtm
tril
tril(E) 5 0
1 3
triu
triu(E) 5 2
0 3
vertcat
vertcat(A, B) 1
2
1
2
2
3
2
3
3
4
3
5
Funcie
Descriere
Exemplu
cond
Numrul de condiionare
cond(B) 2.6180
det
det(B) 13
eig
eig(B) 5.7321
2.2679
inv
norm
norm(B) 5.8339
rank
rank(B) 2
trace
trace(B) 8
3x1 + 2x2 - x3 = 10
-x1 + 3x2 + 2x3 = 5
x1 - x2 - x3
= -1
A . X = B => X = A-1 . B
A= 3
-1
1
2 -1
3 2
-1 -1
X = x1 B = 10
x2
5
x3
-1
A= 3
-1
1
2 -1
3 2
-1 -1
X = x1 B = 10
x2
5
x3
-1
A= 3
-1
1
2 -1
3 2
-1 -1
X = x1 B = 10
x2
5
x3
-1