0

20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
320
340
360
380
400
420
440
460
480
500
520
540
560
580
600
620
640
660
680
700
720

px*10^5 [N/m2]
8000000.0

7000000.0

6000000.0

5000000.0

4000000.0

3000000.0

2000000.0

1000000.0

0.0

-5

-10

-15

-20

-25
a [*RAC]

720

690

660

630

600

570

540

510

480

450

420

390

360

330

300

270

240

210

180

150

120

90

60

30

vp [m/s]
25

20

15

10

8000000

7000000

6000000

4000000

3000000

2000000

1000000

0.35

0.3

0.25

0.2

0.15

0.1

0.05

0
0

p [N/m^2]

5000000

-2500

-5000

-7500

-10000

-12500
a [RAC]

720

690

660

630

600

570

540

510

480

450

420

390

360

330

300

270

240

210

180

150

120

90

60

30

a [m/s]
20000

17500

15000

12500

10000

7500

5000

2500

cex

Caracteristica externa
400.000

70

350.000

60

300.000

250.000
40
200.000
30
150.000
20
100.000
10

50.000

n [rot/min]
ce [g/kWh]

Pe [kW]

Page 5

Ce [kg/h]

Me [Nm]

5800

5600

5400

5200

5000

4800

4600

4400

4200

4000

3800

3600

3400

3200

3000

2800

2600

2400

2200

2000

1800

1600

1400

0
1200

0.000
1000

Me [Nm]; ce [g/kWh]

50

Calculul termic al motorului cu aprindere prin scanteie

Puterea nominala
Pn=
Turatia nominal nn=
Numarul de cilindrii
i=
Parametrii initiali
T0=
p0=
Tr=
pr=
l=
e=

40 kW
5600 rot/min
4

293
1.02 10^5
1000
1.05 10^5
1
10

K
N/m2
K
N/m2

Parametrii procesului de schimbare a gazelor:

Se adopta:
pa=
0.9 10^5
N/m2
DT=
20
K
np=
1.1

temperatura initiala
presiunea initiala
temperatura gazelor reziduale
presiunea gazelor reziduale
coeficient de exces de aer
raportul de comprimare

presiunea la sfarsitul admisiei

preincalzire amestec
coeficient de postumplere

Se determina prin calcule

Coeficientul gazelor reziduale
gr =

T0 Dt
pr

Tr
e Pa v p - pr

0.037

337.599 K

Temperatura la sfarsitul admisiei

T
T

DT g r T

1 gr

Coeficientul de umplere
hv =

vp
PA T0 e

P0 TA e - 1 1 g r

Parametrii procesului de comprimare

Se adopta:
n1=
1.34
Se determina

0.8

coeficient politropic de comprimare

Presiunea la sfarsitul comprimarii

pB = pa e nl

19.690 10^5
Temperatura la sfarsitul comprimarii:
TB = TA e nl -1

738.585 K

N/m2

Parametrii procesului de ardere

Se adopta:
c=
0.854 kg
h=
0.142 kg
o=
0.004 kg
Qi=
43500 kJ/kg
Mc=
0.0088 kcal/kg
z =
0.9
p=
4.16
jz =
0.8

compozitia motorinei
puterea calorica inferioara
=1/114
coef de utilizare a caldurii
coef de crestere a presiunii

Aerul minim necesar arderii combustibilului este

Lmin =

l C h O
-
0.21 12 4 32

0.507 kmol aer/kg comb

Cantitatea reala necesara arderii combustibilului

L = l Lmin

0.507 kmol aer/kg comb

Cantitatea incarcaturii proaspete raportate la1 kg combustibil

M1 = lLmin M c =

0.5161132

Coeficientul teoretic de variatie molara a incarcaturii proaspete este

m0 =

h O

4 32 =
L

1.052
Coeficientul real de variatie molara a incarcaturii proaspete
m =

m0 g
1 g r

1.050

Caldura specifica molara medie a amestecului initial

Cmv = 20 17.4 10-3 TB =

32.851 kJ/kmolK

Caldura specifica molara medie a gazelor de ardere pt lambda>1

9.2 13.8

Cmv = 20
15.510-4 Tc =

l l

21.000
21.000

0.0029 Tz
-4
29.300 10 Tz

Caldura specifica degajata la ardere incompleta

Qai = Qi - DQi = Qi - 61000(1 - l ) =

43500.000 kJ/kg

Temperatura la sfarsitul arderii

x Qai

(l Lmin Mc )(1 g r )

Cmv Tc = Cmv m f Tz

2
30.770 10^-4 Tz +
DELTA= ######

22.053 Tz
Tz =

3087 K

97402.9 :=0

Presiunea la sfarsitul arderii

p z = pc m f

Tz
=
Tc

8642540.843 N/m2

pz = f z pz =

69.140 10^5

86.425 10^5

N/m2

N/m2

Gradul de crestere a presiunii

p =

pz
=
pc

4.39

Parametrii procesului de destindere

Se adopta

n2 =

1.3

Presiunea la sfarsitul destinderii

pb =

pz

en

433153.114 N/m2 =

4.332 *10^5

N/m2

Temperatura la sfarsitul destinderii

Tb =

Tz

en

-1

1547.182 K

Parametrii principali ai motorului

mr =

Se adopta:
coef de rotunjire a diagramei
randamentul mecanic

hm =

0.94
0.8

Presiunea medie a ciclului teoretic se obtine din

p p
1
1
1

p1 = c
1 - n2 -1 1 - n1 -1 =
e - 1 n2 - 1 e
e
n1 - 1

Presiunea medie indicata

pi = mr p1 =

11.725 *10^5

Randamentul indicat al motorului

hi = RM

pe M i T0
=
p0 hv Qe

N/m2

12.473 *10^5

N/m2

hi = RM

pe M i T0
=
p0 hv Qe

etaI=

0.427

Presiunea medie efectiva

pe = hm pl =

9.380 N/m2

Randamentul efectiv
he = hm hi =

0.342

Consumul specific efectiv de combustibil

3600
=
he Qi

ge =

0.242

kg/kWh

242.248 g/kWh

Dimensiunile fundamentale ale motorului

f=

Se adopta:

S
=
D

Capacitatea cilindrica necesara

Vh =

120000 Pn
=
pe n l

0.228 litri

Se determina alezajul si cursa:

4 Vh
=
p f

D=3

S =f D =

0.663 dm
0.663 dm

Viteza medie a pistonului

Wm =

S n
=
30

12.368 m/s

Cilindreea totala
Vt = i Vh =

0.914 litri

Puterea litrica
Pl =

Pn
=
Vt

43.773 kW/l

Diagrama indicata
Volumul la sfarsitul admisiei
Va = Vh

e
e -1

0.254 dm3

Volumul la sfarsitul compresiei

Vc =

Va

0.025

66.257 mm
0.066 m
66.257 mm
0.066 m

V
p x = p a a
Vx

V
p x = p z c
Vx

n1

n2

Se adopta:
a=
unghi de avans la aprindere {20...40oRAC}
a=
unghi de avans la DSE
lb =
raportul dintre raza manivelei si lungimea bielei
xs =

S
(1 cosa s ) lb (1 - cos 2a s ) =

2
4

pc = 1.2 pc
xev =

23.628 *10^5

S
(1 cosa ev ) - lb (1 - cos 2a ev ) =
2
4

1
pa = ( pa pb ) =
2

2.616 *10^5

30 oRAC
60 oRAC
1/3,2

0.524 rad
1.047 rad
0.313

5.733 mm
N/m2
12.682 mm
N/m2

Caracteristica externa
Puterea efectiva

2
3
n
ni
ni
i
Pe (ni ) = Pn a1 a 2 a 3
nn
nn
nn

Consumul specific

ni
ni
ce (ni ) = ci 1.2 0.8
nn

nn

Consumul orar
Ce (ni ) =

1
ce (ni ) Pe (ni )
1000

Momentul motor
M e (ni ) = 9.55 103

Constantec=
a1 =

3 - 4c
=
2(1 - c )

Pe (ni )
ni

0.5
1

a2 =

c
=
1- c

n [r/min]Pe [kW]ce [g/kWh] Ce [kg/h]

1000 8.191 164.383
1.346
1200 10.015 173.035
1.733
1400 11.875 181.686
2.158
1600 13.761 190.338
2.619
1800 15.661 198.990
3.116
2000 17.566 207.641
3.647
2200 19.462 216.293
4.210
2400 21.341 224.945
4.801
2600 23.191 233.597
5.417
2800 25.000 242.248
6.056
3000 26.758 250.900
6.714
3200 28.455 259.552
7.385
3400 30.078 268.204
8.067
3600 31.618 276.855
8.754
3800 33.063 285.507
9.440

Me [Nm]
59.067
60.184
61.169
62.023
62.746
63.337
63.797
64.126
64.323
64.389
64.323
64.126
63.797
63.337
62.746

a3 =

-1
=
2(1 - c )

-1

4000
4200
4400
4600
4800
5000
5200
5400
5600
5800

34.402
35.625
36.720
37.677
38.484
39.131
39.606
39.900
40.000
39.896

294.159
302.811
311.462
320.114
328.766
337.417
346.069
354.721
363.373
372.024

10.120
10.788
11.437
12.061
12.652
13.203
13.707
14.153
14.535
14.842

62.023
61.169
60.184
59.067
57.818
56.439
54.928
53.285
51.511
49.606

Deplasarea pistonului

0.07

0.06

0.05

Xp [m]

0.04

0.03

0.02

0.01

0
0

40

80

120

160

200

240

280

320

360

400

440

480

520

560

600

640

680

720

0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
320
340
360
380
400
420
440
460
480
500
520
540
560
580
600
620
640
660
680
700
720

Vx [litri]

Volumul cilindrului

0.35

0.3

0.25

0.2

0.15

0.1

0.05

35000.000

30000.000

25000.000

Fg [N]

20000.000

15000.000

10000.000

5000.000

0.000
0

30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360 390 420 450 480 510 540 570 600 630 660 690 720

7000

6000

5000

4000

3000

2000

1000

0
0
-1000

Fj [N]

-2000

-3000

-4000

-5000

-6000

-7000

-8000

-9000

-10000

-11000

-12000

30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360 390 420 450 480 510 540 570 600 630 660 690 720

25

20

15

10

M [Nm]

0
0

40

80

120

160

200

240

280

320

360

-5

-10

-15

-20
a [*RAC]

400

440

480

520

560

600

640

680

25000

20000

15000

F [N]

10000

5000

0
0

30

60

90

120

150

180

210

240

270

300

330

360

390

-5000

-10000
a [*RAC]

420

450

480

510

540

570

600

630

660

690

35000

30000

25000

Fg; Fj; F [N]

20000

15000

10000

5000

30

60

90

120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360 390 420 450 480 510 540 570 600 630 660 690 720

-5000

-10000
a [*RAC]

2500

2000

1500

Fn; Fb [N]

1000

500

0
0

30

60

90

120

150

180

210

240

270

300

330

360

390

420

-500

-1000

-1500
a [*RAC]
N [N]

Fb/10 [N]

450

480

510

540

570

600

630

660

690

720

2500

2000

1500

Ft; Fm [N]

1000

500

0
0

30

60

90

120

150

180

210

240

270

300

330

360

390

420

-500

-1000

a [*RAc]
Ft/10 [N]

Fm/10 [N]

450

480

510

540

570

600

630

660

690

25

20

15

10

M [Nm]

0
0

30

60

90

120

150

180

210

240

270

300

330

360

390

-5

-10

-15

-20
a [*RAc]

420

450

480

510

540

570

600

630

660

690

720

7000.000

6000.000

5000.000

Rm, Rmmed [N]

4000.000

3000.000

2000.000

1000.000

0.000
0

100

200

300

400

-1000.000
a [*RAC]

500

600

700

800

2500

2000

Fm [N]

1500

1000

500

0
-3500

-3000

-2500

-2000

-1500

-1000

-500

-500
Ft [N]

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

1250

1000

750

500

M [Nm]

250

0
0

30

60

90

120

150

180

210

240

270

300

330

360

390

-250

-500

-750

-1000

-1250
a [*RAc]

420

450

480

510

540

570

600

630

660

690

720

20000

15000

10000

Fm' [N]

5000

0
-30000

-25000

-20000

-15000

-10000

-5000

-5000

-10000

-15000

-20000
Ft' [N]

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

Rezultanta fortelor pe fusul palier

14000

12000

Rp; Rpmed [N]

10000

8000

6000

4000

2000

0
0

40

80

120

160

200

240

280

320

360

400

440

a [*RAC]
Rp [N]

Rpmed [N]

480

520

560

600

640

680

720

6000

4000

2000

0
0

40

80

120

160

200

240

280

320

360

400

Ft'; Fm' [N]

-2000

-4000

-6000

-8000

-10000

-12000

-14000

a [*RAC]
Ft' [N]

Fm' [N]

440

480

520

560

600

640

680

Cinematica mecanismului biela-manivela

unghiul de rotatie
al manivelei
unghiul de inclinare
al axei bielei
viteza unghiulara de rotatie
a arborelui cotit
cursa pistonului
raza manivelei
lungimea bielei
raportul dintre raza manivelei
si lungimea bielei

v
S
R
L

v =

pn

=
30
S
R= =
2
R
l= =
L

b max =
L=

586.43

rad/s

0.033

1/3,2
0.313
16

=
0.106
l
2
pd
Ap =
= 0.003
4

Deplasarea pistonului

m
m2

1
l

xs = R (L - cos a ) (1 - cos b ) = R (1 - cosa ) (1 - cos 2a )

l
4

Vx =

Volumul cilindrului la un moment dat

Viteza pistonului
Unghiul de viteza maxima

Acceleratia pistonului

pD 2

Sx
4
l

vx = Rv sin a sin 2a
2

av

max

1 2 1
1

= arccos
2 4l
4l

a x = Rv 2 (cos a l cos 2a )

Parametrii principali ai motorului

D=
S=
Ap=

0.0663 m
0.0663 m
0.0040 m2

n=

5600 rot/min

mb=
mp=
mAC=

0.64 kg
0.36 kg
0.68 kg

p0=
pa=
pr=
pz=
p'I=

mj=mp+mIb=
mIb=0,275mb=
m2b=0,725mb=

b = arcsin (l sin a )

102000
90000
105000
8642540.84
1247328.61

N/m2
N/m2
N/m2
N/m2
N/m2

160 kg/m2
90 kg/m2
170 kg/m2

lambda=
n1=
n2=

0.313
1.340
1.300

0.53600 kg/m2
0.17600 kg/m2
0.46400 kg/m2

Va=
Vc=
Vz=
Vt=

0.254
0.025
0.025
0.914

-unghiul dintre biela si verticala

Pg - P0

Forta gazelor

Fg =

Forta de inertie

Fj = -m j Rv 2 (cosa l cos 2a kl sin a )

Forta sumara

F = Fd F j

Ap

Forta normala la axa bielei

Fn = Ftgb

Fb =

Forta care actioneaza dupa axa bielei

Forta tangentiala la axa fusului maneton

F
cos b

Ft = Fb sin (a b )

Fm = Fb cos(a b )

Forta radiala la axa fusului maneton

Fm = Fb cos(a b )

Momentul motor al fortel N

M = Fn R

Alegerea ordinii de lucru

Alegem ordinea de lucru a motorului: 1-2-3-1.

Unghiul de decalaj intre coturi: a = 720 =

180 *RAC

Rezulta urmatoarea schema de lucru a motorului:

a
alfa
0

Admisie

Compresie

Cil

Destindere

Evacuare

180 Compresie Destindere

Evacuare

Admisie

540 Evacuare

Compresie

Destindere

Admisie

Compresie

Admisie

360 Destindere Evacuare

Perioada momentului total:

g =

180t
=
i

180

Valoarea medie a monentului total este:

m

M 1- 3

= 1
m

M med

Rezulta puterea indicata a motorului:

Pi =

M med n
9.55 103

Fortele care actioneaza asupra fusului maneton si lagarul bielei.

Ft , forta radialaFm , si forta
Asupra fusului maneton actioneaza forta tangentiala
centrifuga de inertieFrb a masei m2 b a bielei aflata in miscare de rotatie.
Forta rezultanta este:

Rm = F t F m F rb
Rm =

(Fm - Frb )2 Ft 2

Frb = - m2b Rv

unde:

Fortele care actioneaza asupra fusului palier:

Fm1 Fm 2 cos j Ft 2 sin j
Fm =

F Ft 2 cos j - Fm 2 sin j
Ft = t1
2
unde j =
180 unghiul de decalaj intre coturi.

p
T= 2

Ft 2
2

Fm1 Fm 2
2
Z= 2
2

a
*[RAC]
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
200
210
220
230
240
250
260
270
280
290
300
310
320
330
340
350
360
370
380
390
400
410
420
430
440
450
460
470
480
490
500
510
520
530
540
550
560
570
580
590
600
610
620
630
640
650
660
670
680
690

Xp
[m]
0.000
0.001
0.003
0.006
0.010
0.015
0.020
0.026
0.032
0.038
0.044
0.049
0.054
0.057
0.061
0.063
0.065
0.066
0.066
0.066
0.065
0.063
0.061
0.057
0.054
0.049
0.044
0.038
0.032
0.026
0.020
0.015
0.010
0.006
0.003
0.001
0.000
0.001
0.003
0.006
0.010
0.015
0.020
0.026
0.032
0.038
0.044
0.049
0.054
0.057
0.061
0.063
0.065
0.066
0.066
0.066
0.065
0.063
0.061
0.057
0.054
0.049
0.044
0.038
0.032
0.026
0.020
0.015
0.010
0.006

Vx
[l]
0.025
0.028
0.036
0.048
0.065
0.085
0.107
0.131
0.155
0.179
0.201
0.222
0.240
0.255
0.268
0.278
0.285
0.289
0.290
0.289
0.285
0.278
0.268
0.255
0.240
0.222
0.201
0.179
0.155
0.131
0.107
0.085
0.065
0.048
0.036
0.028
0.025
0.028
0.036
0.048
0.065
0.085
0.107
0.131
0.155
0.179
0.201
0.222
0.240
0.255
0.268
0.278
0.285
0.289
0.290
0.289
0.285
0.278
0.268
0.255
0.240
0.222
0.201
0.179
0.155
0.131
0.107
0.085
0.065
0.048

px
[N/m2]
90000.000
90000.000
90000.000
90000.000
90000.000
90000.000
90000.000
90000.000
90000.000
90000.000
90000.000
90000.000
90000.000
90000.000
90000.000
90000.000
90000.000
90000.000
90000.000
75629.215
77120.343
79737.982
83698.137
89342.571
97190.388
108026.222
123051.457
144147.860
174347.434
218688.031
285787.688
390671.501
559197.922
831170.310
1242178.038
1724696.055
1968985.462
7600266.358
5527829.994
3743429.203
2548491.535
1799611.441
1328811.297
1024976.763
822701.259
684070.230
586719.659
517084.299
466687.111
430083.144
403697.276
385153.318
372880.849
365884.349
363611.268
105000.000
105000.000
105000.000
105000.000
105000.000
105000.000
105000.000
105000.000
105000.000
105000.000
105000.000
105000.000
105000.000
105000.000
105000.000

vx
[m/s]
0.000
3.893
7.620
11.028
13.983
16.377
18.139
19.232
19.652
19.428
18.613
17.280
15.510
13.388
10.993
8.399
5.669
2.854
0.000
-2.854
-5.669
-8.399
-10.993
-13.388
-15.510
-17.280
-18.613
-19.428
-19.652
-19.232
-18.139
-16.377
-13.983
-11.028
-7.620
-3.893
0.000
3.893
7.620
11.028
13.983
16.377
18.139
19.232
19.652
19.428
18.613
17.280
15.510
13.388
10.993
8.399
5.669
2.854
0.000
-2.854
-5.669
-8.399
-10.993
-13.388
-15.510
-17.280
-18.613
-19.428
-19.652
-19.232
-18.139
-16.377
-13.983
-11.028

ax
Fg
Fj
F
[m/s2]
[N]
[N]
[N]
-7832.689
-48.000 -8014.977 -8062.977
-7874.317
-48.000 -7807.117 -7855.117
-7978.562
-48.000 -7200.237 -7248.237
-8086.472
-48.000 -6242.677 -6290.677
-8109.304
-48.000 -5009.342 -5057.342
-7941.522
-48.000 -3593.901 -3641.901
-7476.657
-48.000 -2099.161 -2147.161
-6623.994
-48.000 -626.733 -674.733
-5323.974
-48.000
732.833
684.833
-3560.313
-48.000 1908.328 1860.328
-1367.226
-48.000 2853.650 2805.650
1169.278
-48.000 3550.461 3502.461
3916.344
-48.000 4007.488 3959.488
6705.039
-48.000 4256.656 4208.656
9345.788
-48.000 4346.587 4298.587
11646.786
-48.000 4334.349 4286.349
13433.278
-48.000 4276.509 4228.509
14565.516
-48.000 4220.634 4172.634
14953.315
-48.000 4198.321 4150.321
14565.516
-105.483 4220.634 4115.151
13433.278
-99.519 4276.509 4176.990
11646.786
-89.048 4334.349 4245.301
9345.788
-73.207 4346.587 4273.379
6705.039
-50.630 4256.656 4206.026
3916.344
-19.238 4007.488 3988.250
1169.278
24.105 3550.461 3574.566
-1367.226
84.206 2853.650 2937.856
-3560.313
168.591 1908.328 2076.919
-5323.974
289.390
732.833 1022.223
-6623.994
466.752 -626.733 -159.981
-7476.657
735.151 -2099.161 -1364.010
-7941.522 1154.686 -3593.901 -2439.215
-8109.304 1828.792 -5009.342 -3180.550
-8086.472 2916.681 -6242.677 -3325.996
-7978.562 4560.712 -7200.237 -2639.525
-7874.317 6490.784 -7807.117 -1316.333
-7832.689 7467.942 -8014.977 -547.035
-7874.317 29993.065 -7807.117 22185.949
-7978.562 21703.320 -7200.237 14503.083
-8086.472 14565.717 -6242.677 8323.040
-8109.304 9785.966 -5009.342 4776.624
-7941.522 6790.446 -3593.901 3196.545
-7476.657 4907.245 -2099.161 2808.085
-6623.994 3691.907 -626.733 3065.174
-5323.974 2882.805
732.833 3615.638
-3560.313 2328.281 1908.328 4236.609
-1367.226 1938.879 2853.650 4792.529
1169.278 1660.337 3550.461 5210.798
3916.344 1458.748 4007.488 5466.237
6705.039 1312.333 4256.656 5568.989
9345.788 1206.789 4346.587 5553.376
11646.786 1132.613 4334.349 5466.963
13433.278 1083.523 4276.509 5360.032
14565.516 1055.537 4220.634 5276.171
14953.315 1046.445 4198.321 5244.766
14565.516
12.000 4220.634 4232.634
13433.278
12.000 4276.509 4288.509
11646.786
12.000 4334.349 4346.349
9345.788
12.000 4346.587 4358.587
6705.039
12.000 4256.656 4268.656
3916.344
12.000 4007.488 4019.488
1169.278
12.000 3550.461 3562.461
-1367.226
12.000 2853.650 2865.650
-3560.313
12.000 1908.328 1920.328
-5323.974
12.000
732.833
744.833
-6623.994
12.000 -626.733 -614.733
-7476.657
12.000 -2099.161 -2087.161
-7941.522
12.000 -3593.901 -3581.901
-8109.304
12.000 -5009.342 -4997.342
-8086.472
12.000 -6242.677 -6230.677

700
710
720

0.003
0.001
0.000

0.036
0.028
0.025

105000.000
105000.000
102000.000

-7.620
-3.893
0.000

-7978.562
-7874.317
-7832.689

12.000 -7200.237 -7188.237

12.000 -7807.117 -7795.117
0.000 -8014.977 -8014.977

0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180

0.000
3.111
6.136
8.989
11.588
13.850
15.702
17.077
17.924
18.210
17.924
17.077
15.702
13.850
11.588
8.989
6.136
3.111
0.000

N
[N]
0.000
-426.887
-779.164
-995.141
-1037.011
-897.939
-603.618
-207.276
221.510
612.003
907.489
1075.948
1113.106
1037.677
881.428
678.070
454.552
226.762
0.000

190
200
210
220
230
240
250
260
270
280
290
300
310
320
330
340
350
360
370
380
390
400
410
420

-3.111
-6.136
-8.989
-11.588
-13.850
-15.702
-17.077
-17.924
-18.210
-17.924
-17.077
-15.702
-13.850
-11.588
-8.989
-6.136
-3.111
0.000
3.111
6.136
8.989
11.588
13.850
15.702

-223.638
-449.014
-671.577
-876.259
-1037.029
-1121.192
-1098.099
-950.251
-683.256
-330.639
49.146
383.456
601.408
652.174
526.149
283.741
71.536
0.000
1205.698
1559.039
1316.647
979.449
788.133
789.419

412.122
420.105
429.809
436.229
433.198
414.285
373.943
308.771
218.642
107.437
-16.736
-141.688
-251.226
-324.673
-336.736
-265.473
-131.827
-54.703
2221.869
1458.664
842.654
487.601
329.227
291.694

-49.435
-100.668
-154.105
-207.562
-255.541
-289.333
-298.342
-272.821
-207.692
-106.411
16.714
137.299
225.512
254.401
211.866
116.940
29.903
0.000
503.993
642.536
530.177
382.066
295.530
282.658

409.147
407.866
401.233
383.685
349.799
296.511
225.445
144.597
68.326
14.811
0.853
34.992
110.719
201.723
261.732
238.330
128.391
54.703
2163.953
1309.522
654.964
302.953
145.095
72.039

-1.638
-3.335
-5.105
-6.876
-8.466
-9.585
-9.884
-9.038
-6.881
-3.525
0.554
4.549
7.471
8.428
7.019
3.874
0.991
0.000
16.697
21.286
17.564
12.657
9.791
9.364

494.348
1006.680
1541.048
2075.622
2555.414
2893.330
2983.421
2728.214
2076.919
1064.108
167.142
1372.995
2255.124
2544.012
2118.657
1169.400
299.028
0.000
5039.931
6425.364
5301.769
3820.656
2955.298
2826.582

2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910

430
440
450
460
470
480
490
500
510
520
530
540
550
560
570
580
590
600
610
620
630
640
650
660
670
680
690
700

17.077
17.924
18.210
17.924
17.077
15.702
13.850
11.588
8.989
6.136
3.111
0.000
-3.111
-6.136
-8.989
-11.588
-13.850
-15.702
-17.077
-17.924
-18.210
-17.924
-17.077
-15.702
-13.850
-11.588
-8.989
-6.136

941.615
1169.480
1393.742
1550.146
1600.745
1536.689
1373.078
1138.723
864.835
576.188
286.734
0.000
-230.023
-461.002
-687.562
-893.731
-1052.471
-1129.974
-1094.380
-926.896
-631.741
-240.917
188.845
586.750
883.146
1024.708
985.649
772.714

320.654
380.007
445.997
503.699
545.113
567.813
573.576
566.892
553.495
539.091
528.396
524.477
423.888
431.322
440.040
444.927
439.649
417.530
372.677
301.182
202.157
78.283
-64.309
-216.807
-368.917
-510.132
-630.816
-722.965

320.237
376.379
423.661
445.054
434.906
396.556
338.350
269.733
198.451
129.180
63.382
0.000
-50.846
-103.356
-157.773
-211.701
-259.347
-291.599
-297.332
-266.116
-192.033
-77.535
64.225
210.091
331.157
399.720
396.894
318.464

16.352
52.386
139.374
235.881
328.641
406.393
463.152
498.609
516.695
523.385
524.581
524.477
420.827
418.755
410.783
391.335
355.008
298.833
224.681
141.043
63.174
10.792
3.280
53.544
162.587
316.952
490.310
649.045

10.609
12.469
14.035
14.744
14.408
13.137
11.209
8.936
6.574
4.280
2.100
0.000
-1.684
-3.424
-5.227
-7.013
-8.592
-9.660
-9.850
-8.816
-6.362
-2.569
2.128
6.960
10.971
13.242
13.149
10.550

3202.373
3763.787
4236.609
4450.539
4349.061
3965.555
3383.495
2697.329
1984.512
1291.800
633.819
0.000
508.461
1033.556
1577.728
2117.008
2593.465
2915.992
2973.318
2661.161
1920.328
775.352
642.249
2100.909
3311.570
3997.201
3968.936
3184.636

2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910

[]
o

[]
o

Fb/10
[N]
-806.298
-786.671
-729.000
-636.890
-516.257
-375.096
-223.039
-70.585
71.977
195.841
294.876
366.400
411.297
433.469
438.803
433.965
425.287
417.879
415.032

Ft/10
[N]
0.000
-178.443
-321.122
-400.716
-404.519
-336.704
-216.130
-70.493
71.289
186.033
260.544
292.324
287.246
255.701
208.787
155.595
101.910
50.125
0.000

Fm/10
[N]
806.298
766.165
654.462
495.032
320.757
165.311
55.083
3.600
9.922
61.200
138.090
220.897
294.372
350.018
385.948
405.112
412.896
414.862
415.032

M/10
[Nm]
0.000
-5.912
-10.638
-13.275
-13.401
-11.155
-7.160
-2.335
2.362
6.163
8.632
9.684
9.516
8.471
6.917
5.155
3.376
1.661
0.000

Rm
[N]
0.000
1784.429
3211.218
4007.156
4045.193
3367.042
2161.305
704.934
712.894
1860.328
2605.442
2923.241
2872.464
2557.011
2087.866
1555.948
1019.096
501.253
0.000

Rmmed
[N]
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910

710
720

-3.111
0.000

423.627
0.000

-780.662
-801.498

177.080
0.000

760.313
801.498

5.866
0.000

1770.799
0.000

2269.910
2269.910

a
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
200
210
220
230
240
250
260
270
280
290
300
310
320
330
340
350
360
370
380
390
400
410
420
430
440
450
460
470
480
490
500
510
520
530
540
550
560
570
580
590
600
610
620
630
640
650
660
670
680
690
700
710

M1
0
-59.116
-106.384
-132.752
-134.012
-111.546
-71.601
-23.354
23.617
61.630
86.315
96.843
95.161
84.711
69.168
51.547
33.761
16.606
0.000
-16.377
-33.350
-51.053
-68.763
-84.658
-95.852
-98.837
-90.382
-68.806
-35.253
5.537
45.486
74.709
84.280
70.188
38.741
9.906
0.000
166.967
212.864
175.641
126.574
97.905
93.641
106.091
124.689
140.353
147.441
144.079
131.374
112.091
89.359
65.744
42.796
20.998
0.000
-16.845
-34.240
-52.268
-70.134
-85.918
-96.603
-98.502
-88.161
-63.618
-25.686
21.277
69.600
109.708
132.422
131.486
105.503
58.664

M2
0.000
166.967
212.864
175.641
126.574
97.905
93.641
106.091
124.689
140.353
147.441
144.079
131.374
112.091
89.359
65.744
42.796
20.998
0.000
-16.845
-34.240
-52.268
-70.134
-85.918
-96.603
-98.502
-88.161
-63.618
-25.686
21.277
69.600
109.708
132.422
131.486
105.503
58.664
0.000
-59.116
-106.384
-132.752
-134.012
-111.546
-71.601
-23.354
23.617
61.630
86.315
96.843
95.161
84.711
69.168
51.547
33.761
16.606
0.000
-16.377
-33.350
-51.053
-68.763
-84.658
-95.852
-98.837
-90.382
-68.806
-35.253
5.537
45.486
74.709
84.280
70.188
38.741
9.906

M3
0
-59.116
-106.384
-132.752
-134.012
-111.546
-71.601
-23.354
23.617
61.630
86.315
96.843
95.161
84.711
69.168
51.547
33.761
16.606
0.000
-16.377
-33.350
-51.053
-68.763
-84.658
-95.852
-98.837
-90.382
-68.806
-35.253
5.537
45.486
74.709
84.280
70.188
38.741
9.906
0.000
166.967
212.864
175.641
126.574
97.905
93.641
106.091
124.689
140.353
147.441
144.079
131.374
112.091
89.359
65.744
42.796
20.998
0.000
-16.845
-34.240
-52.268
-70.134
-85.918
-96.603
-98.502
-88.161
-63.618
-25.686
21.277
69.600
109.708
132.422
131.486
105.503
58.664

M4
0.000
166.967
212.864
175.641
126.574
97.905
93.641
106.091
124.689
140.353
147.441
144.079
131.374
112.091
89.359
65.744
42.796
20.998
0.000
-16.845
-34.240
-52.268
-70.134
-85.918
-96.603
-98.502
-88.161
-63.618
-25.686
21.277
69.600
109.708
132.422
131.486
105.503
58.664
0.000
-59.116
-106.384
-132.752
-134.012
-111.546
-71.601
-23.354
23.617
61.630
86.315
96.843
95.161
84.711
69.168
51.547
33.761
16.606
0.000
-16.377
-33.350
-51.053
-68.763
-84.658
-95.852
-98.837
-90.382
-68.806
-35.253
5.537
45.486
74.709
84.280
70.188
38.741
9.906

Mrez12
0.000
107.851
106.481
42.889
-7.439
-13.641
22.040
82.737
148.307
201.984
233.756
240.922
226.535
196.801
158.527
117.291
76.557
37.604
0.000
-33.222
-67.590
-103.321
-138.897
-170.576
-192.456
-197.339
-178.543
-132.424
-60.939
26.814
115.086
184.418
216.702
201.674
144.244
68.571
0.000
107.851
106.481
42.889
-7.439
-13.641
22.040
82.737
148.307
201.984
233.756
240.922
226.535
196.801
158.527
117.291
76.557
37.604
0.000
-33.222
-67.590
-103.321
-138.897
-170.576
-192.456
-197.339
-178.543
-132.424
-60.939
26.814
115.086
184.418
216.702
201.674
144.244
68.571

Mrez23
0.000
107.851
106.481
42.889
-7.439
-13.641
22.040
82.737
148.307
201.984
233.756
240.922
226.535
196.801
158.527
117.291
76.557
37.604
0.000
-33.222
-67.590
-103.321
-138.897
-170.576
-192.456
-197.339
-178.543
-132.424
-60.939
26.814
115.086
184.418
216.702
201.674
144.244
68.571
0.000
107.851
106.481
42.889
-7.439
-13.641
22.040
82.737
148.307
201.984
233.756
240.922
226.535
196.801
158.527
117.291
76.557
37.604
0.000
-33.222
-67.590
-103.321
-138.897
-170.576
-192.456
-197.339
-178.543
-132.424
-60.939
26.814
115.086
184.418
216.702
201.674
144.244
68.571

Mrez34
0.000
107.851
106.481
42.889
-7.439
-13.641
22.040
82.737
148.307
201.984
233.756
240.922
226.535
196.801
158.527
117.291
76.557
37.604
0.000
-33.222
-67.590
-103.321
-138.897
-170.576
-192.456
-197.339
-178.543
-132.424
-60.939
26.814
115.086
184.418
216.702
201.674
144.244
68.571
0.000
107.851
106.481
42.889
-7.439
-13.641
22.040
82.737
148.307
201.984
233.756
240.922
226.535
196.801
158.527
117.291
76.557
37.604
0.000
-33.222
-67.590
-103.321
-138.897
-170.576
-192.456
-197.339
-178.543
-132.424
-60.939
26.814
115.086
184.418
216.702
201.674
144.244
68.571

Mreztot
0.000
323.552
319.442
128.667
-22.316
-40.922
66.119
248.211
444.920
605.951
701.267
722.767
679.605
590.404
475.582
351.873
229.671
112.811
0.000
-99.665
-202.771
-309.963
-416.690
-511.728
-577.367
-592.018
-535.629
-397.271
-182.817
80.442
345.258
553.253
650.106
605.023
432.731
205.712
0.000
323.552
319.442
128.667
-22.316
-40.922
66.119
248.211
444.920
605.951
701.267
722.767
679.605
590.404
475.582
351.873
229.671
112.811
0.000
-99.665
-202.771
-309.963
-416.690
-511.728
-577.367
-592.018
-535.629
-397.271
-182.817
80.442
345.258
553.253
650.106
605.023
432.731
205.712

720

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

Forte ce solicita fusul palier 1-2

0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160

Ft
[N]
0.000
-1784.429
-3211.218
-4007.156
-4045.193
-3367.042
-2161.305
-704.934
712.894
1860.328
2605.442
2923.241
2872.464
2557.011
2087.866
1555.948
1019.096

Rm
[N]
0.000
1784.429
3211.218
4007.156
4045.193
3367.042
2161.305
704.934
712.894
1860.328
2605.442
2923.241
2872.464
2557.011
2087.866
1555.948
1019.096

Rmmed
[N]
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910

Ft1
[N]
0.000
-1784.429
-3211.218
-4007.156
-4045.193
-3367.042
-2161.305
-704.934
712.894
1860.328
2605.442
2923.241
2872.464
2557.011
2087.866
1555.948
1019.096

Fm1
[N]
8062.977
7661.652
6544.625
4950.316
3207.571
1653.107
550.832
35.996
99.224
612.003
1380.898
2208.973
2943.722
3500.179
3859.479
4051.123
4128.965

Ft2
[N]
0.000
-508.461
-1033.556
-1577.728
-2117.008
-2593.465
-2915.992
-2973.318
-2661.161
-1920.328
-775.352
642.249
2100.909
3311.570
3997.201
3968.936
3184.636

Fm2
[N]
5244.766
4208.274
4187.552
4107.830
3913.350
3550.078
2988.330
2246.814
1410.430
631.741
107.918
32.795
535.440
1625.872
3169.517
4903.100
6490.449

Ft'
[N]
0.000
-1146.445
-2122.387
-2792.442
-3081.101
-2980.254
-2538.648
-1839.126
-974.133
-30.000
915.045
1782.745
2486.687
2934.291
3042.533
2762.442
2101.866

Fm'
[N]
-6653.871
-5934.963
-5366.089
-4529.073
-3560.461
-2601.593
-1769.581
-1141.405
-754.827
-621.872
-744.408
-1120.884
-1739.581
-2563.026
-3514.498
-4477.111
-5309.707

Rp
[N]
6653.871
6044.677
5770.566
5320.736
4708.510
3956.033
3094.536
2164.530
1232.355
622.595
1179.598
2105.839
3034.758
3896.045
4648.517
5260.762
5710.589

170
180
190
200
210
220
230
240
250
260
270
280
290
300
310
320
330
340
350
360
370
380
390
400

501.253 4148.619 501.253

0.000 4150.321
0.000
-494.348 4091.467 494.348
-1006.680 4078.659 1006.680
-1541.048 4012.327 1541.048
-2075.622 3836.847 2075.622
-2555.414 3497.992 2555.414
-2893.330 2965.106 2893.330
-2983.421 2254.449 2983.421
-2728.214 1445.968 2728.214
-2076.919
683.256 2076.919
-1064.108
148.108 1064.108
167.142
8.535 167.142
1372.995
349.923 1372.995
2255.124 1107.192 2255.124
2544.012 2017.234 2544.012
2118.657 2617.322 2118.657
1169.400 2383.297 1169.400
299.028 1283.912 299.028
0.000
547.035
0.000
5039.931 21639.527 5039.931
6425.364 13095.217 6425.364
5301.769 6549.641 5301.769
3820.656 3029.528 3820.656

2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910

501.253
0.000
-494.348
-1006.680
-1541.048
-2075.622
-2555.414
-2893.330
-2983.421
-2728.214
-2076.919
-1064.108
167.142
1372.995
2255.124
2544.012
2118.657
1169.400
299.028
0.000
5039.931
6425.364
5301.769
3820.656

4148.619
4150.321
4091.467
4078.659
4012.327
3836.847
3497.992
2965.106
2254.449
1445.968
683.256
148.108
8.535
349.923
1107.192
2017.234
2617.322
2383.297
1283.912
547.035
21639.527
13095.217
6549.641
3029.528

1770.799
0.000
0.000
-1784.429
-3211.218
-4007.156
-4045.193
-3367.042
-2161.305
-704.934
712.894
1860.328
2605.442
2923.241
2872.464
2557.011
2087.866
1555.948
1019.096
501.253
0.000
-494.348
-1006.680
-1541.048

7603.129
8014.977
8062.977
7661.652
6544.625
4950.316
3207.571
1653.107
550.832
35.996
99.224
612.003
1380.898
2208.973
2943.722
3500.179
3859.479
4051.123
4128.965
4148.619
4150.321
4091.467
4078.659
4012.327

1136.026
0.000
-247.174
-1395.554
-2376.133
-3041.389
-3300.303
-3130.186
-2572.363
-1716.574
-682.013
398.110
1386.292
2148.118
2563.794
2550.512
2103.261
1362.674
659.062
250.626
2519.965
2965.508
2147.545
1139.804

-5875.874
-6082.649
-6077.222
-5870.155
-5278.476
-4393.581
-3352.781
-2309.106
-1402.640
-740.982
-391.240
-380.056
-694.717
-1279.448
-2025.457
-2758.706
-3238.401
-3217.210
-2706.439
-2347.827
########
-8593.342
-5314.150
-3520.928

5984.685
6082.649
6082.246
6033.763
5788.637
5343.557
4704.588
3889.735
2929.923
1869.674
786.264
550.394
1550.625
2500.279
3267.341
3757.070
3861.469
3493.897
2785.529
2361.166
########
9090.642
5731.678
3700.822

410
420
430
440
450
460
470
480
490
500
510
520
530
540
550
560
570
580
590
600
610
620
630
640
650
660
670
680

2955.298
2826.582
3202.373
3763.787
4236.609
4450.539
4349.061
3965.555
3383.495
2697.329
1984.512
1291.800
633.819
0.000
-508.461
-1033.556
-1577.728
-2117.008
-2593.465
-2915.992
-2973.318
-2661.161
-1920.328
-775.352
642.249
2100.909
3311.570
3997.201

2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910
2269.910

2955.298
2826.582
3202.373
3763.787
4236.609
4450.539
4349.061
3965.555
3383.495
2697.329
1984.512
1291.800
633.819
0.000
-508.461
-1033.556
-1577.728
-2117.008
-2593.465
-2915.992
-2973.318
-2661.161
-1920.328
-775.352
642.249
2100.909
3311.570
3997.201

1450.954
720.385
163.523
523.864
1393.742
2358.810
3286.407
4063.930
4631.516
4986.090
5166.946
5233.851
5245.805
5244.766
4208.274
4187.552
4107.830
3913.350
3550.078
2988.330
2246.814
1410.430
631.741
107.918
32.795
535.440
1625.872
3169.517

-2075.622
-2555.414
-2893.330
-2983.421
-2728.214
-2076.919
-1064.108
167.142
1372.995
2255.124
2544.012
2118.657
1169.400
299.028
0.000
5039.931
6425.364
5301.769
3820.656
2955.298
2826.582
3202.373
3763.787
4236.609
4450.539
4349.061
3965.555
3383.495

3836.847
3497.992
2965.106
2254.449
1445.968
683.256
148.108
8.535
349.923
1107.192
2017.234
2617.322
2383.297
1283.912
547.035
21639.527
13095.217
6549.641
3029.528
1450.954
720.385
163.523
523.864
1393.742
2358.810
3286.407
4063.930
4631.516

439.838
135.584
154.521
390.183
754.197
1186.810
1642.477
2066.349
2378.245
2476.227
2264.262
1705.228
901.610
149.514
-254.230
2003.187
2423.818
1592.381
613.596
19.653
-73.368
270.606
921.729
1730.628
2546.394
3224.985
3638.563
3690.348

-2643.901
-2109.188
-1564.314
-1389.156
-1419.855
-1521.033
-1717.257
-2036.232
-2490.719
-3046.641
-3592.090
-3925.586
-3814.551
-3264.339
-2377.654
########
-8601.524
-5231.495
-3289.803
-2219.642
-1483.600
-786.976
-577.803
-750.830
-1195.803
-1910.923
-2844.901
-3900.516

2680.237
2113.542
1571.927
1442.913
1607.732
1929.264
2376.279
2901.041
3443.796
3926.031
4246.174
4279.957
3919.655
3267.762
2391.207
########
8936.504
5468.475
3346.536
2219.729
1485.413
832.201
1087.861
1886.483
2813.195
3748.621
4618.723
5369.609

[]
o

Fm
[N]
8062.977
7661.652
6544.625
4950.316
3207.571
1653.107
550.832
35.996
99.224
612.003
1380.898
2208.973
2943.722
3500.179
3859.479
4051.123
4128.965

1450.954
720.385
163.523
523.864
1393.742
2358.810
3286.407
4063.930
4631.516
4986.090
5166.946
5233.851
5245.805
5244.766
4208.274
4187.552
4107.830
3913.350
3550.078
2988.330
2246.814
1410.430
631.741
107.918
32.795
535.440
1625.872
3169.517

2955.298
2826.582
3202.373
3763.787
4236.609
4450.539
4349.061
3965.555
3383.495
2697.329
1984.512
1291.800
633.819
0.000
508.461
1033.556
1577.728
2117.008
2593.465
2915.992
2973.318
2661.161
1920.328
775.352
642.249
2100.909
3311.570
3997.201

690
700
710
720

3968.936
3184.636
1770.799
0.000

4903.100 3968.936
6490.449 3184.636
7603.129 1770.799
8014.977
0.000

2269.910 3968.936
2269.910 3184.636
2269.910 1770.799
2269.910
0.000

4903.100
6490.449
7603.129
8014.977

2697.329
1984.512
1291.800
633.819

4986.090 3333.133 -4944.595 5963.119

5166.946 2584.574 -5828.698 6376.028
5233.851 1531.299 -6418.490 6598.628
5245.805
316.910 -6630.391 6637.960

Rpmed
[N]
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049

4017.049
4017.049
4017.049
4017.049