Proiect exegez

Facere 49,10

Clarificarea textului

Nu va lipsi sceptru din Iuda, nici toiag de crmuitor din coapsele sale, pn ce va

veni mpciuitorul, Cruia se vor supune popoarele1.

Domnitor nu va lipsi din Iuda, i nici crmuitor din coapsele lui pn va veni ceea ce

i-a fost hrzit: Cel pe Care neamurile l ateapt2.

Nu va lipsi domn din Iuda i povuitoriu din coapsele lui pn vor veni ceale gtite

Lui, i Acela va fi ateptarea neamurilor3.

Nu va lipsi stpnitori din Iuda, i povitori den coapsa lui, pn vor veni ceale ce-i

zac Lui, i El ndejdea limbilor4.

Sceptrul nu se va ndeprta de la Iuda, nici toiagul domnitorului de lng picioarele
sale, pn va veni ilo5.

1 toiag de crmuitor crmuitor - povuitor

Contextul
Aflndu-se n ara Egiptului, Iacov i binecuvinteaz pe fiii lui Iosif, iar apropiindu-se
Iacov de moarte proorocete pentru fiii si. Lui Ruben, dei era primul nscut i ia ntietatea,
lui Simeon i Levi le blesteam mnia care a adus attea necazuri, iar pentru Iuda, Iacov are
cuvinte doar de laud, printre care este i introdus profeia mesianic. Despre Zabulon spune
1 Ediia sinodal, http://bibliaortodoxa.ro/carte.php?id=25&cap=49
2 Biblia diortosit dup Septuaginta, http://www.biblia-bartolomeu.ro/indexC.php?id=VT-Fc-49
3 Biblia de la Blaj, http://bitflow.dyndns.org/romanian/Biblia/RomanianBiblia_Blaj_1795.pdf
4 Biblia de la Bucureti, http://www.sfantascriptura.com/Biblia_Bucuresti_1688.pdf
5 Noua traducere n Limba Romn(NTLR),
https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Geneza+49&version=NTLR

c va fi lng mare, Isahar se face brbat pltitor de bir, Dan va judeca poporul Su, Gad se va
lupta cu vitejie, Aer va da mncare i butur regilor, Neftali va rosti graiuri minunate, Iosif,
dei va fi amrt de vrmai, va birui mulumit Dumnezeului celui puternic al lui Israel, iar
Veniamin va fi lup rpitor.

Resursele bibliografice:
Sfinii Prini

Citat:
Dar sub numele

Observaii personale:

tronului lui David

, pe care edea Domnul, se nelefe

Sfntul Vasile cel Mare, amintete

despre faptul c regele Iehonia a fost
siurghiunit din pmntul lui Iuda i cu

mpria care nu se va mai lua de la El;

toate acestea Dumnezeu, prin pronia

El e ateptarea neamurilor

fa de lume i n special fa de om,

pentru c

pe care trebuia s-l rscumpere din

, nu numai a celei mai mici rioare
din lumen. Cci, zice, va fi

o mldi

care se va ridica din rdcina lui Iesei ,

ntocmai ca un steag pentru popoare, i spre
ea vor cuta toate neamurile.

Cci Eu

Domnul te-am chemat ntru dreptatea Mea, ca

s fii popor spre luminarea neamurilor .
Acela va zidi cas numelui Meu i Eu

voi ntri scaunul domniei lui n veci .

Aa a rmas, deci, Dumnezeu cu toate c na luat sceptru de domnie peste Iuda mare

pcat, nu a lsat fr conductori

Israelul, ba mai mult, Dumnezeu i
anun pe israelii, printr-o profeie, c
Hristos va fi cel care-i va scoate din
robia pcatului.

arhiereu, ct i mprat petste ntreg pmntul,

ntrindu-i-se binecuvntarea lui Iacob prin
cuvintele

i se vor binecuvnta prin

neamul Tu toate seminiile pmntului

i toate popoarele vor preamri pe Hristos6.
Binecuvntarea dat lui Iuda este tainc,

Un fapt foarte important n legtur

petru c ne prezice toate cele cu privire la

cu cu cele spuse de Iacov este virtutea

Hristos; Iacov spune Iuda pe tine te vor

lui de a oferi fiecrui, dup meritele

luda fraii ti, pentru c din aceast

sale, binecuvntare sau blestem.

Pricepecrea cu care Iacov a fcut

seminie avea s se nasc Hristos, potrivit

rnduielii ntruprii; de aceea Iacov, micat

binecuvntrile i blestemele, venea

atunci de Duhul cel Sfnt, prezice pric cele

de la Duhul Sfnt.

spuse de Iuda nu numai pogorrea la oameni

a Stpnului ci i taina i crucea i ngroparea
i nvierea; cu cuvnt pe toate. Iuda, pe tine
te vor luda fraii ti. Minile tale pe spatele
vrmailor ti i se vor nchina ie fiii
tatlui tu7

Iar odat ce Sfntul sfinilor e de fa, pe

Aceste cuvinte ale Sfntului Atanasie

drept cuvnt s-a pecetluit i vederea i

cel Mare sunt un rspuns la afirmaia

proorocia, iar mpria Ierusalimului a

iudeilor c Mesia nc nu a venit.

ncetat. Li s-au uns lor regi, pn ce s-a uns

Astfel este explicat foarte clar faptul

Sfntul sfinilor. Cci Iacov proorocete,

c venid Dreptatea nsi n lume nu

zicnd c mpria iudeilor ca sta pn la

mai era nevoie de prooroci ca s O

Acela: Nu va lispsi conductor din Iuda

vesteasc, cum era nevoie nainte de

venirea Ei. Atunci cnd Adevrul este

6 Sfntul Vasile cel Mare, Epistola 236 Ctre Amfilohie, episcopul de Iconium, n
Scrieri partea a treia(col. PSB), vol.12, trad. Constantin Corniescu i Teodor
Bodogae, EIBMBOR, Bucureti, 1988, p. 490.
7Ioan Gur de Aur, Omilia LXVII, n Scrieri partea a doua(col. PSB), vol 22, trad.
Dumitru Fecioru, EIBMBOR, Bucureti, 1989 p.334.

i cpetenie din coapsele lui, pn va veni Cel

prezent nu mai este nevoie de umbre.

cruia i sunt rnduite i El este ateptarea

neamurilor

(Faac., 49,10). De aceea i

Mntuitorul strig zicnd:

Legea i

prooroci au proorocit pn la Ioan

(Matei, 11, 33)8.

Comentarii ale exegeilor moderni

Citat:

Observaii personale:

From his physical force we now pass to his

moral supremacy. The sceptre, the staff of
authority. Shall not depart from Judah. The
tribe scepter did not leave Judah so long as
there was a remnant of the commonwealth of
Israel. Long after the other tribes had lost
their

individuality,

existence

and

in

Judah

lingered

in

some

measure

of

independence; and from the return his name

supplanted that of Israel or Jacob, as the
common designation of the people. Nor the
lawgiven from between his feet. This is
otherwise rendered, nor the judicial staff
from between his feet; and it is argued that
this rendering corresponds best with the
phrase between his feet and with the
parallel clause which precedes. It is not worth
while contending for one against the other, as
the meaning of both is precisely the same.
8 Atanasie cel Mare, Cuvnt despre ntruparea CUvntului, n Scrieri partea I(col. PSB),
vol.15, trad. Dumitru Stniloae, EIBMBOR, Bucureti, 1987, p. 134.

But we have retained the English version, as

the term mechoqeq has only one clear
meaning; between the feet may mean
among his descendants or in his tribe; and the
synthetic parallelism of the clauses is
satisfied by the identity of meaning.
Lawgiver is to be understood as judge,
dispenser or administrator of law. Judah had
the forerank among the tribes in the
wilderness, and never altogether lost it.
Nahshon the son of Amminadab, the prince
of his tribe, was the ancestor of David, who
was anointed as the rightful sovereign of all
Israel, and in whom the throne became
hereditary. The revolt of the ten tribes
curtailed, but did not abolish the actual
sovereignty of Rehoboam and his successors,
who continued the acknowledged sovereigns
until some time after the return from the
captivity. From that date the whole nation
was

virtually

absorbed

in

Judah,

and

whatever trace of self-government remained

belonged to him until the birth of Jesus, who
was the lineal descendant of the royal line of
David and of Judah, and was the Messiah, the
anointed of heaven to be king of Zion and of
Israel in a far higher sense than before. Until
Shiloh come.
This is otherwise translated, until he come to
Shiloh, the place so called. This is explained
of the time when the whole assembly of the
children of Israel was convened at Shiloh,
and set up the tent of meeting there Joshua
18:1. We hold by the former translation:

1. Because Shiloh has not yet been named as

a known locality in the land of promise.
2. Judah did not come to Shiloh in any
exclusive sense.
3. His coming thither with his fellows had no
bearing whatever on his supremacy.
4. He did not come to Shiloh as the seat of his
government or any part of his territory; and
5. The real sovereignty of Judah took place
after this convention at Shiloh, and not before
it.
After the rejection of the second translation
on these grounds, the former is accepted as
the only tenable alternative.
6. Besides, it is the natural rendering of the
words.
7. Before the coming of Shiloh, the Prince of
Peace, the highest pitch of Judahs supremacy
in its primary form has to be attained.
8. On the coming of Shiloh the last remnant
of that supremacy was removed, only to be
replaced by the higher form of pre-eminence
which the Prince of Peace inaugurates.
And unto him be the obedience of the
peoples. Unto him means naturally unto
Shiloh. The obedience describes the willing
submission to the new form of sovereignty
which is ushered in by Shiloh. The word is
otherwise rendered gathering; but this does
not suit the usage in Proverbs 30:17. The
obedience intimates that the supremacy of
Judah does not cease at the coming of Shiloh,
but only assumes a grander form.
Of the peoples. Not only the sons of Israel,

but all the descendants of Adam will

ultimately bow down to the Prince of Peace.
This is the seed of the woman, who shall
bruise the serpents head, the seed of
Abraham, in whom all the families of the
earth shall be blessed, presented now under
the new aspect of the peacemaker, whom all
the nations of the earth shall eventually obey
as the Prince of Peace. He is therefore, now
revealed as the Destroyer of the works of
evil, the Dispenser of the blessings of grace,
and the King of peace. The coming of Shiloh
and the obedience of the nations to him will
cover a long period of time, the close of
which will coincide with the limit here set to
Judahs earthly supremacy in its wider and
loftier stage. This prediction therefore, truly
penetrates to the latter days9.
The sceptre The dominion or government,
which is expressed by this word, because it
was an ensign of government. It is true, the
word , shebet, here used, also signifies
a rod, or staff of any kind, and particularly
the rod or staff which belonged to each tribe,
as an ensign of its authority, whence it is
transferred to signify tribe, as being united
under one rod or staff of government. It
seems evident, however, from what has been
observed on Genesis 49:8, that dominion, or
authority, is also and especially here intended.
But it is asked, How could it be said with
9 Albert Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible

propriety, the dominion, or authority, shall

not depart from Judah, when Judah had none?
To this it must be answered, that Jacob had
just foretold that his fathers children
should bow down to Judah, and that he,
therefore, should have this authority or
dominion. After which, it is predicted that it
should not depart till Shiloh came. Nor a
lawgiver from between his feet The
word , mechokek, here
rendered lawgiver, means
also ruler, or judge,and

the

prophecy

certainly implies, not only that, while the

other tribes should be captivated, dispersed,
and confounded with each other, the tribe of
Judah should be kept entire until Christ came;
but that rulers and magistrates, descended
from Judah, or called by his name, should
succeed each other at least for a time, and
that both the civil and ecclesiastical power
should continue till Shiloh should come, and
then should be taken away, or rather should
devolve on him. Now, as it will readily be
acknowledged that the authority remained
with Judah till the captivity, so it must be
observed, that even in Babylon, the Jews
appear to have been under a kind of internal
government, exercised by the family of
David. And after their return from Babylon,
Zerubbabel, of Davids race, was their leader;
and the tribe of Judah, and those who were
incorporated
magistrates

with
and

them,
rulers

had

regular

from

among

themselves, under the kings of Persia and

Syria, and afterward under the Romans. The

great council of the Jews, termed the
Sanhedrim, constituted chiefly of the tribe of
Judah, and the other courts dependant on it,
possessed great authority till the coming of
Christ, according to the concurrent testimony
of ancient writers. The tribe of Judah was
likewise preserved distinct, and could trace
back its genealogies without difficulty. So
that, in all respects, the sceptre, though
gradually enfeebled, did not depart: nor was
the regular exercise of legislative and judicial
authority,

though

interrupted,

finally

suspended till after that event. Scott. Till

Shiloh come It is not perfectly agreed
among the learned what is the precise
meaning of the word. But it is pretty certain,
according

to

its

derivation,

it

either

signifies he that is sent, or, the seed, or, the

peaceable and prosperous one. And that the
Messiah is intended, Jews as well as
Christians generally acknowledge; the word
being expounded of him by all the three
Chaldee paraphrasts, the Jewish Talmud, and
many of the latter Jews also. Till he came
Judah or Judea possessed considerable
authority and power, but at or about the time
of his birth, it became a province of the
Roman empire, and was enrolled and taxed as
such, Luke 2:1 ; and at the time of his death
the Jews themselves expressly owned, We
have no king but Cesar.
Hence it is undeniably inferred against the
Jews, that our Lord Jesus is He that should

come, and that we are to look for no other;

for

he

came

exactly

at

the

time

appointed. Unto him shall the gathering of

the people be After he came, and the
sceptre

was

departed

from

Judah, the

gathering both of Jews and Gentiles was to

him, as to their King and Saviour. The pale of
the church was enlarged, the partition
between the Jews and Gentiles broken down,
and the converted Gentiles, along with the
converted Jews, became his subjects and
worshippers. He became the desire of
different nations, Haggai 2:7, and being
lifted up from the earth, drew myriads unto
him, John 12:32, and the children of God
that were scattered abroad met in him as
their centre of unity. This was the case, in a
great degree, for many centuries, and we are
taught to believe that it shall be the case more
and more till the earth shall be filled with his
glory; for of the increase of his government,
as well as peace, shall be no end. The
fulness of the Gentiles shall come in, and
then ungodliness shall be turned away from
Jacob, and all Israel shall be saved. And
when he shall come in his glory, all nations
shall be gathered unto him, and at last the
innumerable multitudes of the redeemed shall
be gathered into his everlasting kingdom.

Dicionare, concordane biblice, lexicoane

Dicionare

Conordane biblice
Nave's Topical Bible
Judah

Son of Jacob
Genesis 35:23

Intercedes for Joseph's life when his brothers were about to kill him, and proposes
that they sell him to the Ishmaelites
Genesis 37:26,27

Takes two wives

Genesis 38:1-6

Lives at Chezib
Genesis 38:5

His incest with his daughter-in-law

Genesis 38:12-26

Goes down into Egypt for corn (grain)

Genesis 43:1-10; 44:14-34; 46:28

Prophetic benediction of his father upon

Genesis 49:8-12

The ancestor of Jesus

Matthew 1:2,3; Revelation 5:5

Tribe of

Prophecies concerning
Genesis 49:10

Enrollment of the military forces of

At Sinai
Numbers 1:26,27; 2:4

At Bezek
1 Samuel 11:8; 2 Samuel 24:9

On the plain of Moab

Numbers 26:22

Place of, in encampments and the march

Numbers 2:3,9; 10:14

By whom commanded
Numbers 2:3

Moses' benediction upon

Deuteronomy 33:7

Commissioned by God to lead in the conquest of the promised land

Judges 1:1-3; 1:4-21

Make David king

2 Samuel 2:1-11; 5:4,5

Rebuked by David for lukewarmness toward him after Absalom's defeat

2 Samuel 19:11-15

Accused by the other tribes of stealing the heart of David

2 Samuel 19:41-43

Loyal to David at the time of the insurrection led by Sheba

2 Samuel 20:1,2

Is accorded the birthright forfeited by Reuben

1 Chronicles 5:1,2; 28:4; Psalm 60:7

Loyal to the house of David at the time of the revolt of the ten tribes
1 Kings 12:20

Inheritance of
Joshua 15; 18:6; 19:1,9

Name of two exiled priests

Ezra 10:23; Nehemiah 12:8

A Benjamite
Nehemiah 11:9

A prince or priest who assisted in the dedication of the walls of Jerusalem

Nehemiah 12:34,36

Thompson Chain Reference

Judah

Son of Jacob

Genesis 29:35

Genesis 35:23

Genesis 37:26

Genesis 38:1

Genesis 43:3

Genesis 44:14

Genesis 46:12

Genesis 46:28

Genesis 49:8

Numbers 26:19

Tribe of

Deuteronomy 33:7

Judges 1:3

2 Samuel 2:10

2 Samuel 19:11

1 Kings 12:21

Hebrews 7:14

Revelation 5:5

Captivity of

Kings of

SEE Captivity of Israel and Judah

SEE Israel

JUDAISM

Superseded by Christianity

Mark 2:21

Galatians 5:6

Colossians 2:16

Hebrews 7:18

Hebrews 8:13

SEE Law