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Bav Ima
Bav Ima
Learning Modules
ECG Basics
How to Analyze a Rhythm
Normal Sinus Rhythm
Heart Arrhythmias
Diagnosing a Myocardial Infarction
Advanced 12-Lead Interpretation
Arrhythmias
Sinus Rhythms
Premature Beats
Supraventricular Arrhythmias
Ventricular Arrhythmias
AV Junctional Blocks
Traseul 1
Prezent, normal
Unda P?
Distanele RR?
Egale, regulate
Intervalul PR?
Frecventa ?
60 bpm
Interpretare?
Bloc AV de gradul I
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Traseul 2
Unda P?
Distanele RR?
PR interval?
Frecvena?
Durata QRS?
Interpretare?
urmat de QRS
Neregulate
Alungit treptat
60 bpm
0.08 s
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Sinus rhythm with acute inferior infarction complicated by Type I A-V block
manifest in the form of 5:4 Wenckebach periods; R-P/P-R reciprocity.
Explorri Funcionale
Traseul 3
Unda P?
Distanele RR?
Intervalul PR?
Frecvena?
0,14 sec.
40 bpm
0,08 s
Durata QRS?
Interpretare?
regulate
Explorri Funcionale
Sinus rhythm (rate = 100/min) with 3:2 and 2:1 Type II A-V
block; RBBB
Explorri Funcionale
Traseul 4
Unda P?
Distanele RR?
Intervalul PR?
Frecvena?
Durata QRS?
30 bpm
mare (> 0.12 s)
Interpretatare?
Bloc AV de gradul 3
Nu poate fi determinat
Explorri Funcionale
Bloc AV de gradul 3
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Remember
Cnd un impuls este generat n ventriculi,
conducerea este lent i alterat, consecina
fiind un complex QRS larg i cu morfologie
modificat.
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Unda T
ascuit
Apare unda Q
patologic
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aplatizat
inversat
Non-ST Elevation
Subendocardic
Absena
supradenivelrii ST
i a undei Q
ST Elevation
Transmural
ST supradenivelat
Und Q
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ST Elevation Infarction
Heres a diagram depicting an evolving infarction:
A. Normal ECG prior to MI
B. Ischemie from coronary artery
occlusion results in ST
depression (not shown) and
peaked T-waves
C. Leziune from ongoing ischemia
results in marked ST elevation
D/E. Ischemie + Leziune + Necroza
with appearance of pathologic
Q-waves and T-wave inversion
F. Fibrosis (months later) with
persistent Q- waves, but normal
ST segment and T- waves
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ST Elevation (cont)
Elevation of the
ST segment
(greater than 1
small box) in 2
leads is
consistent with
a myocardial
infarction.
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Anteroseptala
Anteroapicala
Antero-laterala
A. circumflexa
Inferioara
A. coronara dreapta
Posteriora
A. coronara dreapta
Relatia cea
mai frecventa dintre
ramurile arterelor
coronare si teritoriul
irigat.
ST Elevation Infarction
Heres an ECG of an inferior MI and Atrial fibrillation
Look at the
inferior leads (II,
III, aVF).
Question:
What ECG
changes do
you see?
ST elevation
and Q-waves
Extra credit:
What is the
rhythm?
Atrial fibrillation
What do you
see in the
inferior
leads?
ST elevation,
Q-waves and
T-wave
inversion
http://www.ndsu.
edu/pubweb/~gri
er/eheart.html
33
34
VARIANTE
Peretele anterior
al inimii:
Peretele anterior al
Derivaiile V1, V4;
inimii: Derivaiile
V1, V2;
Septul
interventricular:
Derivaia V3;
Apexul: Derivaia
V4;
Peretele lateral al
VS: Derivaiile
V5,V6.
Peretele anterior
al inimii:
Derivaiile V3, V4;
Poriunea anteroseptal a inimii:
Derivaiile V1 - V4;
Septal leads = V1-2
Anterior leads = V3-4
Lateral leads = V5-6 Explorri Funcionale
35
Explorri Funcionale
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Interpretation
Yes, this person is having an acute anterior wall myocardial
infarction.
Explorri Funcionale
Other MI Locations
Lateral portion
of the heart
Anterior portion
of the heart
Inferior portion
of the heart
Explorri Funcionale
Other MI Locations
Second, remember that the 12-leads of the ECG look at different
portions of the heart. The limb and augmented leads see electrical
activity moving inferiorly (II, III and aVF), to the left (I, aVL) and to the
right (aVR). Whereas, the precordial leads see electrical activity in
the posterior to anterior direction.
Limb Leads
Augmented Leads
Precordial Leads
Explorri Funcionale
Other MI Locations
Now, using these 3 diagrams lets figure where to look
for a lateral wall and inferior wall MI.
Limb Leads
Augmented Leads
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Precordial Leads
Anterior MI
Remember the anterior portion of the heart is best
viewed using leads V1- V4.
Limb Leads
Augmented Leads
Explorri Funcionale
Precordial Leads
Lateral MI
So what leads do you think the
lateral portion of the heart is
best viewed?
Limb Leads
Augmented Leads
Explorri Funcionale
Precordial Leads
Inferior MI
Now how about the inferior
portion of the heart?
Limb Leads
Augmented Leads
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Precordial Leads
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Inferior Wall MI
This is an inferior MI. Note the ST elevation in
leads II, III and aVF.
Explorri Funcionale
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Anterolateral MI
This persons MI involves both the anterior wall (V2V4) and the lateral wall (V5-V6, I, and aVL)!
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Ischemia
Infarction
Fibrosis
Question:
What area of
the heart is
infarcting?
Anterolateral
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