Proiect D.A.R.

Sa se proiecteze d.p.d.v. dinamic un autoturism avand ca date de intrare masa si viteza maxima

Date initiale:
Masa 1035 kg
v max 170 km/h 47.2222222222 m/s

f * Ga * v max  0.5 *  * c x * A * v max

3
Pv max  56.5199001296 kW
1000 * t
f 0.02
ρ 1.225 kg / m 3
A A = 1.6 ÷ 2.8 1.6 m2
ηt 0.9
cx cx = 0.3 ÷ 0.5 0.4

Puterea 56 kw
Turatia maxima (nP) 4000 rpm
Cuplul (Mmax) 190 N*m
Turatie cuplu (nM) 1500 rpm
Lungime L 4581 mm
latime l 1653 mm
inaltime h 1433 mm
Ampatament A 2389 mm 2.389 m
Ecartament E 1433 mm 1.433 m
Dimensiuni anvelope 185/60 R15
Masa proprie (G0 ) 1200 kg
v max 170 km/h 47.2222222222 m/s

Etapa 2
Greutatea si capacitatea de incarcare a autovehiculelor
M0 1040 kg
G0 10202.4 N
Nr. Pasageri 5
Greutate pasager 75 kg
Greutate bagaj 20 kg
Ma 1515 kg
Ga 14862.15 N

Tipul autovehiculului
Parametrul Starea
autoturism autobuz autocamion autotractor
gol 0.45-0.54 0.5-0.65 0.46-0.55
a/L 0.61-0.67
incarcat 0.49-0.55 0.5-0.68 0.6-0.75
gol 0.16-0.26 - 0.21-0.268
hg/L 0.31-0.4
incarcat 0.165-0.26 0.23-0.285 0.3-0.38
Coeficienti alesi
gol 0.47
a/L
incarcat 0.49
gol 0.2
hg/L
incarcat 0.19 1266.17
1.12283 mm
gol 1122.83 mm 1266.17 mm 1.26617 m
a » b
incarcat 1170.61 mm 1218.39 mm
gol 477.8 mm 0.4778 m
hg
incarcat 453.91 mm

M1 M 1 = (b/L) * Ma 802.95 kg
M2 M2 = (a/l) * M a 712.05 kg
G1 G1 = (b/L) * Ga 7876.9395 N
G2 G 2 = (a/L) * Ga 6985.2105 kg
M p1 M p1 = M1/2 401.475 kg
M p2 Mp2 = M 2/n 356.025 kg n-nr de pneuri 2

Alegerea Pneurilor
195/65 R15 91T
raza de rulare rr = λ*r0 281.2995 mm
0.93-0.935 pt pneuri utilizate la pres mai mici de 600 kPa(6 bari)
0.933 λ
0.945-0.95 pt pneuri utilizate la pres mai mari de 600 kPa(6 bari)
r0=rn 301.5 mm
rn = D/2 301.5 mm
D=d+2*H 603 mm
d 15 inch 381 mm
H 111 mm
indice de sarcina 83 401.475 kg/anvelopa
indice de viteza S 180 km/h
Alegerea randamentului transmisiei

0.97…0.98 in treapta de priza directa

cutie de viteze ηcv 0.98
0.92…0.94 in celelalte trepte
reductor distribuitor ηcv 0.91…0.94 ηtr
transmisia longitudinala ηTL 0.990...0.995 0.9114
0.92…0.94 pt transmisii principale simple
transmisia principala η0 0.93
0.90…0.92 pt transmisii principale duble

Rezistenta la rulare
f0 0.013295
f01 -0.000028664
f02 1.8036E-07
f03 0
f R  f 0  f 01 * v  f 02 * v 2  f 03 * v 3
f  f 0   s hd 10 8 v 2
λs 4
hd 150
4
 v   v 
f r  f r , 0  f r ,1 *    f r ,4 *  
 100km / h   100km / h 
5
 v 
f r  0.0125  0.0085 *  
 100 
2. 5
 v 
fr  f0  fs * 
 100 
fr,0 0.008
fr,1 0.0027
fr,4 0.0006
f0 0.013
fs 0.007

v fR f fr fr fr Rr [N] Rr [N] Rr [N] Rr [N] Rr [N] Pr [kW] Pr [kW] Pr [kW] Pr [kW] Pr [kW]
0 0.013295 0.013295 0.008 0.0125 0.013 197.5922843 197.592284 118.8972 185.776875 193.20795 0 0 0 0 0
10 0.013026396 0.013895 0.00827006 0.0125268794 0.0130221359 193.6002513 206.509574 122.9108722 186.1763601 193.5369377 0.53777848 0.57363771 0.34141909 0.51715656 0.5376026
20 0.012793864 0.015695 0.00854096 0.0126520526 0.0131252198 190.1443258 233.261444 126.9370287 188.0367039 195.0689856 1.05635737 1.29589691 0.70520571 1.04464835 1.08371659
30 0.012597404 0.018695 0.00881486 0.0129190078 0.0133450652 187.2245079 277.847894 131.0077715 192.0042311 198.3363609 1.56020423 2.31539912 1.09173143 1.60003526 1.65280301
40 0.012437016 0.022895 0.00909536 0.0133601395 0.0137083502 184.8407973 340.268924 135.1766046 198.5603976 203.7355569 2.05378664 3.78076583 1.50196227 2.20622664 2.26372841
50 0.0123127 0.028295 0.0093875 0.0140026019 0.0142374369 182.9931943 420.524534 139.5184331 208.10877 211.5989223 2.54157214 5.84061853 1.93775602 2.89039958 2.93887392
60 0.012224456 0.034895 0.00969776 0.0148702658 0.0149519836 181.6816987 518.614724 144.1295638 221.004121 222.2186232 3.02802831 8.64357874 2.4021594 3.68340202 3.70364372
70 0.012172284 0.042695 0.01003406 0.015984689 0.0158697439 180.9063107 634.539494 149.1277048 237.5668458 235.8585142 3.51762271 12.3382679 2.89970537 4.61935533 4.58613778
80 0.012156184 0.051695 0.01040576 0.0173656839 0.0170070338 180.66703 768.298844 154.651966 258.0913993 252.7610876 4.01482289 17.0733077 3.43671036 5.73536443 5.61691306
90 0.012176156 0.061895 0.01082366 0.0190316845 0.0183790343 180.9638569 919.892774 160.8628585 282.8517499 273.1519646 4.52409642 22.9973194 4.02157146 7.07129375 6.82879912
100 0.0122322 0.073295 0.0113 0.021 0.02 181.7967912 1089.32128 167.942295 312.10515 297.243 5.04991087 30.2589246 4.66506375 8.6695875 8.25675
110 0.012324316 0.085895 0.01184846 0.023286999 0.0218834109 183.165833 1276.58437 176.0935898 346.0948722 325.234536 5.59673379 39.0067448 5.38063747 10.5751211 9.93772193
120 0.012452504 0.099695 0.01248416 0.0259082482 0.0240420868 185.0709823 1481.68204 185.5414585 385.0522711 357.3170997 6.16903274 49.3894015 6.18471528 12.8350757 11.91057
130 0.012616764 0.114695 0.01322366 0.02887862 0.0264882753 187.5122391 1704.61429 196.5320185 429.198382 393.6727204 6.7712753 61.5555162 7.09698956 15.4988305 14.2159593
140 0.012817096 0.130895 0.01408496 0.0322123778 0.0292337229 190.4896033 1945.38112 209.3327883 478.7451913 434.4759752 7.40792902 75.6537104 8.14071954 18.6178685 16.8962879
150 0.0130535 0.148295 0.0150875 0.0359232457 0.0322897317 194.003075 2203.98253 224.2326881 533.8966656 479.8948363 8.08346146 91.8326056 9.34302867 22.2456944 19.9956182
160 0.013325976 0.166895 0.01625216 0.0400244648 0.0356672063 198.0526542 2480.41852 241.5420397 594.8495988 530.0913696 8.80234019 110.240823 10.7352018 26.4377599 23.5596164
170 0.013634524 0.186695 0.01760126 0.0445288414 0.0393766929 202.6383409 2774.68909 261.5925663 661.7943205 585.2223169 9.56903276 131.026985 12.3529823 31.2513985 27.6354983

Rezistenta la rulare variata rezistentei la rulare functe de coef f

0.2 3000
0.18
2500
0.16
0.14 fR 2000 Rr [N]
0.12 f Rr [N]
coefcient

0.1 fr 1500 Rr [N]

Rr

0.08 fr Rr [N]
0.06 fr 1000 Rr [N]

0.04
500
0.02
0 0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
viteza viteza

Variata puterii functe de rezistenta la rulare

140

120

100
Pr [kW]
80 Pr [kW]
Pr [kW]
Pr

60
Pr [kW]
40 Pr [kW]

20

0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
viteza

Rr Rr=f*Ga*cosα 297.243 N
α 0 [˚]
Pr P r=f*Ga*cosα*v
Pr Pr=(f*Ga*cosα*v)/360
Pr Pr=Rr*v

v Pr Pr Pr Pr Pr
0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0.5377784759 0.5736377063 0.3414190895 0.5171565558 0.5376026048
Puterea necesara invingerii rezistentei la rulare
20 1.0563573658 1.2958969125 0.7052057148 1.0446483549 1.0837165864 140
30 1.5602042322 2.3153991188 1.0917314296 1.6000352594 1.6528030077
120
40 2.0537866372 3.780765825 1.5019622736 2.2062266402 2.2637284096
50 2.5415721431 5.8406185313 1.9377560156 2.890399583 2.9388739213 100 Pr
60 3.0280283123 8.6435787375 2.4021593964 3.6834020163 3.7036437193 Column C
80
70 3.5176227071 12.3382679438 2.8997053717 4.6193553346 4.5861377755 Pr
Pr

80 4.0148228897 17.07330765 3.4367103552 5.7353644279 5.6169130583 60 Pr

90 4.5240964224 22.9973193563 4.0215714617 7.0712937474 6.8287991155 Pr
40
100 5.0499108675 30.2589245625 4.66506375 8.6695875 8.25675
20
110 5.5967337873 39.0067447688 5.3806374658 10.5751210962 9.9377219322
120 6.1690327441 49.389401475 6.1847152848 12.8350757033 11.910569991 0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
130 6.7712753002 61.5555161813 7.0969895558 15.4988304596 14.2159593491
140 7.4079290179 75.6537103875 8.1407195436 18.6178685496 16.8962879232 Viteza
 Puterea necesara invingerii rezistentei la rulare
140

120

100 Pr
80 Column C
Pr

Pr
60 Pr
Pr
40

20

0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
Viteza
150 8.0834614594 91.8326055938 9.3430286719 22.2456943986 19.9956181812
160 8.802340187 110.2408233 10.7352017664 26.4377599487 23.5596164283
170 9.5690327631 131.0269850063 12.3529822979 31.2513984663 27.6354982957

Rezistenta aerului
Ra Ra=1/2*ρ*cx*A*v^2
ρ 1.225 kg / m 3
cx 0.4
A A=E*h*k 1642791.2 mm^2 1.6427912 m2
k 0.8…0.9 0.8
Pa P a=Ra*v

v Ra [N] Pa [kW]
0 0 0
10 3.105585216 0.0086266256
20 12.4223408642 0.0690130048
30 27.9502669444 0.2329188912
40 49.6893634568 0.5521040384
50 77.6396304012 1.0783282
60 111.8010677778 1.8633511296
70 152.1736755864 2.9589325808
80 198.7574538272 4.4168323073
90 251.5524025 6.2888100625
100 310.5585216049 8.6266256001
110 375.775811142 11.4820386738
120 447.2042711111 14.906809037
130 524.8439015123 18.9526964435
140 608.6947023457 23.6714606468
150 698.7566736111 29.1148614005
160 795.0298153086 35.3346584582
170 897.5141274383 42.3826115735

Puterea necesara invingerii rezistentei aerului

45
40
35
30
25
Pa
Pa

20
15
10
5
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
Viteza

Rezistenta aerului
1000
900
800
700
600
500 Ra [N]
Ra

400
300
200
100
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
viteza

Rezistenta la panta
Rp Rp=G a*sinα
α
Rψ Rψ=Rr+Rp=Ga(f*cosα+sinα)=G a*ψ
ψ ψ=f*cosα+sinα

α Rp ψ Rψ
0 0 0.02 297.243
1 259.3802823319 0.0374493603 556.5780107832
2 518.6815549171 0.0548873132 815.7434825127
3 777.8248320761 0.0723085469 1074.6604708751
4 1036.7311762563 0.0897077547 1333.2501072476
5 1295.3217220771 0.1070796367 1591.433622722
6 1553.5177003534 0.1244189012 1849.1323720983
7 1811.2404620888 0.1417202664 2106.2678578411
8 2068.4115024336 0.1589784623 2362.7617539906
9 2324.9524845977 0.1761882319 2618.5359300212
10 2580.7852637126 0.1933443327 2873.5124746412
11 2835.8319106355 0.210441539 3127.6137195251
12 3090.0147356872 0.2274746428 3380.7622629721
13 3343.2563123167 0.2444384556 3632.8809934836
14 3595.4795006866 0.2613278101 3883.8931132521
15 3846.6074711704 0.2781375616 4133.7221615541
16 4096.5637277556 0.2948625897 4382.2920380414
17 4345.272131345 0.3114977998 4629.5270259218
18 4592.6569229496 0.3280381247 4875.3518150228
19 4838.6427467654 0.344478526 5119.6915247323
20 5083.1546731276 0.3608139957 5362.4717268079
21 5326.1182213347 0.3770395581 5603.618468048
22 5567.4593823363 0.3931502705 5843.0582928193

Rezistenta la panta
6000

5000

4000

3000 Rp
Rp

2000

1000

0
0 5 10 15 20 25
alfa

Verificarea puterii la viteza maxima

f * Ga * v max  0.5 *  * c x * A * v max
3
Pv max 
1000 * t

v Pvmax
0 0
10 0.9270018062
20 1.9115144498
30 3.011048768
40 4.2831155982
50 5.7852257778
60 7.574890144
70 9.7096195343
80 12.2469247859
90 15.2443167361
100 18.7593062224
110 22.849404082
120 27.5721211523
130 32.9849682706
140 39.1454562742
150 46.1110960005
160 53.9393982868
170 62.6878739705

Trasarea caracteristicii de turatie exterioara a motorului

n r=nP=n max 4000 rpm
P r=P P=Pmax 56 kW
M r=MP=M m 190 N*m

  n   n 
2
 n  
3

P  n   Pmax *  *     *     *   
n  nP   nP  
  P 
ce2  c a * (2 * ce  1)
 ` 1.269565873
( ce  1) 2
2 * ce * ( ca  1)
 0.8086976191
( ce  1) 2
ca  1
  1.0782634922
(ce  1) 2
nM
ce  0.375 Mr=9554*P/n P
nr
M max
ca  1.4211966766 133.6901521972 N*m
Mr
P
M  955.4 *
n

M max
cS  cmin [ g / kWh] cmin 310 g/kW
Me
Pe
c0  cS [ g / kWh]
103
 Pe
c0  cS [ g / kWh]
103

ω 418.8790204786
n min n min=(0.15-0.2)*n P 760 rpm
n min stabil n min st=n min+(100-200) 943 rpm
n max nmax=(1.05-1.25)*nP 4600 rpm
P M cs c0 Caracteristca exterioara a motorului
2.71562261 22.77012364 0.630195613
80
n [rpm] Pmax [kW] M [N*m] cs c0
1000 19.6608833338 187.8400793714 313.5646034495 6.164957086 19.6608833 69.17017066 13.77087838 9.782608696 70
1100 21.7203762422 188.6513405619 312.216175218 6.7814527946 21.7203762 69.46890922 13.7116592 10.76086957
1200 23.7742082673 189.2823214879 311.1753888952 7.3979485032 23.7742083 69.70126144 13.66595078 11.73913043 60
1300 25.8167185257 189.7330221494 310.4362083772 8.0144442118 25.8167185 69.86722731 13.63348804 12.7173913 50 P
1400 27.8422461341 190.0034425462 309.9943833158 8.6309399205 27.8422461 69.96680683 13.61408432 13.69565217

P, M, cs, c0
M
1500 29.8451302091 190.0935826785 309.8473876397 9.2474356291 29.8451302 70 13.60762869 14.67391304 40
cs
1600 31.8197098675 190.0034425462 309.9943833158 9.8639313377 31.8197099 69.96680683 13.61408432 15.65217391 c0
30
1700 33.7603242259 189.7330221494 310.4362083772 10.4804270463 33.7603242 69.86722731 13.63348804 16.63043478
1800 35.6613124009 189.2823214879 311.1753888952 11.0969227549 35.6613124 69.70126144 13.66595078 17.60869565 20
1900 37.5170135093 188.6513405619 312.216175218 11.7134184635 37.5170135 69.46890922 13.7116592 18.58695652
10
2000 39.3217666677 187.8400793714 313.5646034495 12.3299141721 39.3217667 69.17017066 13.77087838 19.56521739
2100 41.0699109927 186.8485379162 315.2285838405 12.9464098807 41.069911 68.80504576 13.84395574 20.54347826 0
2200 42.755785601 185.6767161965 317.2180185353 13.5629055893 42.7557856 68.3735345 13.93132613 21.52173913 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000
2300 44.3737296094 184.3246142122 319.5449519953 14.1794012979 44.3737296 67.8756369 14.03351853 22.5 Turata [rpm]
2400 45.9180821344 182.7922319634 322.2237584571 14.7958970065 45.9180821 67.31135295 14.1511642 23.47826087
2500 47.3831822927 181.07956945 325.2713720212 15.4123927151 47.3831823 66.68068266 14.28500684 24.45652174
2600 48.7633692011 179.186626672 328.707566485 16.0288884237 48.7633692 65.98362601 14.43591487 25.43478261
2700 50.0529819761 177.1134036294 332.5552939136 16.6453841323 50.052982 65.22018302 14.60489627 26.41304348
2800 51.2463597344 174.8599003222 336.8410933064 17.2618798409 51.2463597 64.39035369 14.79311657 27.39130435
2900 52.3378415927 172.4261167505 341.5955837202 17.8783755495 52.3378416 63.49413801 15.00192046 28.36956522
3000 53.3217666677 169.8120529142 346.8540600575 18.4948712581 53.3217667 62.53153598 15.232858 29.34782609
3100 54.1924740759 167.0177088134 352.6572147257 19.1113669667 54.1924741 61.5025476 15.48771629 30.32608696
3200 54.9443029342 164.043084448 359.0520148911 19.7278626753 54.9443029 60.40717288 15.76855798 31.30434783
3300 55.5715923591 160.888179818 366.0927736683 20.3443583839 55.5715924 59.2454118 16.07776837 32.2826087
3400 56.0686814674 157.5529949234 373.8424650616 20.9608540925 56.0686815 58.01726439 16.41811309 33.26086957
3500 56.4299093756 154.0375297643 382.3743479277 21.5773498011 56.4299094 56.72273062 16.79280947 34.23913043
3600 56.6496152005 150.3417843406 391.7739852454 22.1938455097 56.6496152 55.36181051 17.20561519 35.2173913
3700 56.7221380588 146.4657586523 402.1417738998 22.8103412183 56.7221381 53.93450405 17.66093941 36.19565217
3800 56.641817067 142.4094526994 413.5961404495 23.4268369269 56.6418171 52.44081125 18.16398308 37.17391304
3900 56.4029913418 138.172866482 426.2776151327 24.0433326355 56.4029913 50.8807321 18.7209179 38.15217391
4000 56 133.756 440.3540775741 24.6598283441 56 49.2542666 19.33911667 39.13043478
4100 55.4271821582 129.1588532534 456.0275855378 25.2763240528 55.4271822 47.56141475 20.0274532 40.10869565
4200 54.678876933 124.3814262423 473.5433720246 25.8928197614 54.6788769 45.80217656 20.79669744 41.08695652
4300 53.7494234411 119.4237189666 493.2018573001 26.50931547 53.7494234 43.97655202 21.66004301 42.06521739
4400 52.6331607992 114.2857314263 515.374922704 27.1258111786 52.6331608 42.08454114 22.63382188 43.04347826
4500 51.324428124 108.9674636215 540.5283195782 27.7423068872 51.3244281 40.1261439 23.73848856 44.02173913
4600 49.8175645321 103.468915552 569.253090996 28.3588025958 49.8175645 38.10136032 25 45

Etapa 3
Punctul B (0,Pmax*ηtr) 58.2997227926
viteza max din grafic 170 km/h 47.2222222222 m/s
f ales 0.01760126

v Pr+Pa Pr+Pa Pr+Pa Pr+Pa Pr+Pa Pmax*ηtr

0 0 0 0 0 0 58.29972279
10 0.5464051015 0.5822643319 0.3500457151 0.5257831814 0.5462292304 58.29972279
20 1.1253703706 1.3649099173 0.7742187196 1.1136613597 1.1527295912 58.29972279
30 1.7931231234 2.54831801 1.3246503208 1.8329541506 1.8857218989 58.29972279
40 2.6058906756 4.3328698634 2.054066312 2.7583306786 2.815832448 58.29972279
50 3.6199003431 6.9189467313 3.0160842156 3.968727783 4.0172021213 58.29972279
60 4.891379442 10.5069298671 4.265510526 5.5467531459 5.5669948489 58.29972279
70 6.4765552879 15.2972005246 5.8586379525 7.5782879154 7.5450703564 58.29972279
80 8.431655197 21.4901399573 7.8535426625 10.1521967352 10.0337453656 58.29972279
90 10.8129064849 29.2861294188 10.3103815242 13.3601038099 13.117609178 58.29972279
100 13.6765364676 38.8855501626 13.2916893501 17.2962131001 16.8833756001 58.29972279
110 17.0787724611 50.4887834425 16.8626761396 22.05715977 21.4197606059 58.29972279
120 21.0758417812 64.296210512 21.0915243218 27.7418847404 26.817379028 58.29972279
130 25.7239717437 80.5082126248 26.0496859993 34.4515269031 33.1686557926 58.29972279
140 31.0793896646 99.3251710343 31.8121801904 42.2893291963 40.5677485699 58.29972279
150 37.1983228598 120.9474669942 38.4578900723 51.360555799 49.1104795816 58.29972279
160 44.1369986452 145.5754817582 46.0698602246 61.7724184068 58.8942748865 58.29972279
170 51.9516443366 173.4095965797 54.7355938714 73.6340100397 70.0181098692 58.29972279

1 2
60
200
50 180
160
40 140
Pr+Pa 120
Pr+Pa

30 Pr+Pa
Pr
Pr+Pa

100
Pr
20 80
60
10 40
20
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
viteza
viteza

3 4
70 80
70
60
60
50
50
40 Pr+Pa Pr+Pa
Pr+Pa

40
Pr+Pa

Pr Pr
30 Pmax 30
20 20

10 10
0
0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
viteza
viteza

5
80
70
60
50
Pr+Pa
Pr+Pa

40
Pr
30
20
10
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
viteza

Raportul de transmitere al transmisiei principale

 * nv max * rr
i0  2.8695182373
30 * v max c
zp 14….17 15
43.0427735601
zc
44
i 0ef 2.9333333333

Determinarea rapoartelor de transmitere a cutiei de viteze

Forta la roata FRmax FRmax=G a*( f * cos α max + sin αmax) 4847.0823258154 N
Coef. de rezistenta la rulare f 0.018 ales
Unghiul de inclinare a caii de rulare α 18 ˚
FR max * rr
Raportul in treapta I icv1 i cv 1  2.7439597833
M max * i 0 *  t

ln i cv 1
Nr minim de trepte kmin k min  1  1.900776356
ln q

nv max
Ratia initiala q* q*  3.0666666667
nM

 ln icv 1 
Nr treptelor de viteza k k  1   1 3 se aleg 4 trepte 4
 ln q  de viteza

Ratia de etajare q
q  k 1 icv1 1.3999931604

Raportul in treapta II i cv2 1.9599808491

icvk  icv1 / q k 1
Raportul in treapta III i cv3 1.3999931604

Raportul in treapta IV icv4 1

Verficarea vitezei minime

 * nmin * rr
vmin  Rmin * rr 
Viteza minima v min 30 * i0 * icv 2.9929594583 m/s

Turatia minima nmin n min = 0,2 * np 800 rpm

Viteza unghiulara ωRmin ω Rmin = (π * n min)/30 83.7758040957 s-1
Raza de rulare rr 0.2812995 m

Determinarea vitezelor minime si maxime

Turatia minima n1 n 1 >= n M 1500 rpm

Turatia maxima n2 n2 >= nP 4000 rpm

 * n * rr
v   R * rr 
viteza autoturismului v 30 * i0 * icv m/s

Treapta I Treapta II Treapta III Treapta IV

n
viteza viteza viteza viteza
1500 5.6117989842 20.2024763433 7.8564801954 28.2833287035 10.9990185383 39.59646674 15.3985507 55.43478261
 1600 5.9859189165 21.5493080995 8.3802455418 30.1688839504 11.7322864409 42.23623119 16.4251208 59.13043478

1700 6.3600388488 22.8961398557 8.9040108881 32.0544391973 12.4655543434 44.87599564 17.4516908 62.82608696

1800 6.7341587811 24.242971612 9.4277762345 33.9399944442 13.198822246 47.51576009 18.4782609 66.52173913
1900 7.1082787134 25.5898033682 9.9515415809 35.8255496911 13.9320901485 50.15552453 19.5048309 70.2173913
2000 7.4823986457 26.9366351244 10.4753069272 37.711104938 14.6653580511 52.79528898 20.531401 73.91304348
2100 7.8565185779 28.2834668806 10.9990722736 39.5966601849 15.3986259536 55.43505343 21.557971 77.60869565
2200 8.2306385102 29.6302986368 11.52283762 41.4822154318 16.1318938562 58.07481788 22.5845411 81.30434783
2300 8.6047584425 30.977130393 12.0466029663 43.3677706787 16.8651617588 60.71458233 23.6111111 85
2400 8.9788783748 32.3239621493 12.5703683127 45.2533259256 17.5984296613 63.35434678 24.6376812 88.69565217
2500 9.3529983071 33.6707939055 13.094133659 47.1388811725 18.3316975639 65.99411123 25.6642512 92.39130435
2600 9.7271182394 35.0176256617 13.6178990054 49.0244364194 19.0649654664 68.63387568 26.6908213 96.08695652
2700 10.1012381716 36.3644574179 14.1416643518 50.9099916663 19.798233369 71.27364013 27.7173913 99.7826087
2800 10.4753581039 37.7112891741 14.6654296981 52.7955469132 20.5315012715 73.91340458 28.7439614 103.4782609
2900 10.8494780362 39.0581209304 15.1891950445 54.6811021601 21.2647691741 76.55316903 29.7705314 107.173913
3000 11.2235979685 40.4049526866 15.7129603908 56.566657407 21.9980370766 79.19293348 30.7971014 110.8695652
3100 11.5977179008 41.7517844428 16.2367257372 58.4522126539 22.7313049792 81.83269793 31.8236715 114.5652174
3200 11.9718378331 43.098616199 16.7604910836 60.3377679008 23.4645728818 84.47246237 32.8502415 118.2608696
3300 12.3459577653 44.4454479552 17.2842564299 62.2233231477 24.1978407843 87.11222682 33.8768116 121.9565217
3400 12.7200776976 45.7922797115 17.8080217763 64.1088783947 24.9311086869 89.75199127 34.9033816 125.6521739
3500 13.0941976299 47.1391114677 18.3317871227 65.9944336416 25.6643765894 92.39175572 35.9299517 129.3478261
3600 13.4683175622 48.4859432239 18.855552469 67.8799888885 26.397644492 95.03152017 36.9565217 133.0434783
3700 13.8424374945 49.8327749801 19.3793178154 69.7655441354 27.1309123945 97.67128462 37.9830918 136.7391304
3800 14.2165574268 51.1796067363 19.9030831617 71.6510993823 27.8641802971 100.3110491 39.0096618 140.4347826
3900 14.590677359 52.5264384926 20.4268485081 73.5366546292 28.5974481996 102.9508135 40.0362319 144.1304348
4000 14.9647972913 53.8732702488 20.9506138545 75.4222098761 29.3307161022 105.590578 41.0628019 147.826087
4100 15.3389172236 55.220102005 21.4743792008 77.307765123 30.0639840047 108.2303424 42.089372 151.5217391
4200 15.7130371559 56.5669337612 21.9981445472 79.1933203699 30.7972519073 110.8701069 43.115942 155.2173913

Diagrama ferastrau(progresie geometrica)

180
160
140
120
I
100
II
viteza

80 III
60 IV

40
20
0
1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500
turata

Etajarea cutiei de viteze in progresie aritmetica

icvI
1
icvn
n 1
nV max 1.843851508 se aleg 4 trepte
1
nM 4

i cvI 2.7439597833
treapta
1 icvI 2.7439597833
i cvk 
2 k  1 icvI  i cvn 1.7352337975
1 
3 n 1 i cvn 1.2688010795
4 1

Determinarea vitezelor minime si maxime in fiecare treapta

 * nv max * rr v max k * 30 * i0 * icvk 1
v max k   R max k * rr  n min k 1 
30 * i0 * icvk  * rr

treapta 1 treapta 2 treapta 3 treapta 4

n
v[m/s] v[km/h] v[m/s] v[km/h] v[m/s] v[km/h] v[m/s] v[km/h]
1000 3.7411993228 13.4683175622 5.9160330429 21.2977189545 8.090866763 29.12712035 10.2657005 36.95652174
1100 4.1153192551 14.8151493184 6.5076363472 23.42749085 8.8999534393 32.03983238 11.2922705 40.65217391
1200 4.4894391874 16.1619810746 7.0992396515 25.5572627454 9.7090401156 34.95254442 12.3188406 44.34782609
1300 4.8635591197 17.5088128309 7.6908429558 27.6870346409 10.5181267919 37.86525645 13.3454106 48.04347826
1400 5.237679052 18.8556445871 8.2824462601 29.8168065363 11.3272134682 40.77796849 14.3719807 51.73913043
1500 5.6117989842 20.2024763433 8.8740495644 31.9465784318 12.1363001445 43.69068052 15.3985507 55.43478261
1600 5.9859189165 21.5493080995 9.4656528687 34.0763503272 12.9453868208 46.60339255 16.4251208 59.13043478
1700 6.3600388488 22.8961398557 10.057256173 36.2061222227 13.7544734971 49.51610459 17.4516908 62.82608696
1800 6.7341587811 24.242971612 10.6488594773 38.3358941181 14.5635601734 52.42881662 18.4782609 66.52173913
1900 7.1082787134 25.5898033682 11.2404627815 40.4656660136 15.3726468497 55.34152866 19.5048309 70.2173913
2000 7.4823986457 26.9366351244 11.8320660858 42.595437909 16.181733526 58.25424069 20.531401 73.91304348
2100 7.8565185779 28.2834668806 12.4236693901 44.7252098045 16.9908202023 61.16695273 21.557971 77.60869565
2200 8.2306385102 29.6302986368 13.0152726944 46.8549816999 17.7999068786 64.07966476 22.5845411 81.30434783
2300 8.6047584425 30.977130393 13.6068759987 48.9847535954 18.6089935549 66.9923768 23.6111111 85
2400 8.9788783748 32.3239621493 14.198479303 51.1145254908 19.4180802312 69.90508883 24.6376812 88.69565217
2500 9.3529983071 33.6707939055 14.7900826073 53.2442973863 20.2271669075 72.81780087 25.6642512 92.39130435
2600 9.7271182394 35.0176256617 15.3816859116 55.3740692817 21.0362535838 75.7305129 26.6908213 96.08695652
2700 10.1012381716 36.3644574179 15.9732892159 57.5038411772 21.8453402601 78.64322494 27.7173913 99.7826087
2800 10.4753581039 37.7112891741 16.5648925202 59.6336130726 22.6544269364 81.55593697 28.7439614 103.4782609
2900 10.8494780362 39.0581209304 17.1564958245 61.7633849681 23.4635136127 84.46864901 29.7705314 107.173913
3000 11.2235979685 40.4049526866 17.7480991288 63.8931568635 24.272600289 87.38136104 30.7971014 110.8695652
3100 11.5977179008 41.7517844428 18.339702433 66.022928759 25.0816869653 90.29407308 31.8236715 114.5652174
3200 11.9718378331 43.098616199 18.9313057373 68.1527006544 25.8907736416 93.20678511 32.8502415 118.2608696
3300 12.3459577653 44.4454479552 19.5229090416 70.2824725499 26.6998603179 96.11949714 33.8768116 121.9565217
3400 12.7200776976 45.7922797115 20.1145123459 72.4122444453 27.5089469942 99.03220918 34.9033816 125.6521739
3500 13.0941976299 47.1391114677 20.7061156502 74.5420163408 28.3180336705 101.9449212 35.9299517 129.3478261
3600 13.4683175622 48.4859432239 21.2977189545 76.6717882362 29.1271203468 104.8576332 36.9565217 133.0434783
3700 13.8424374945 49.8327749801 21.8893222588 78.8015601317 29.9362070231 107.7703453 37.9830918 136.7391304
3800 14.2165574268 51.1796067363 22.4809255631 80.9313320271 30.7452936994 110.6830573 39.0096618 140.4347826
3900 14.590677359 52.5264384926 23.0725288674 83.0611039226 31.5543803757 113.5957694 40.0362319 144.1304348
4000 14.9647972913 53.8732702488 23.6641321717 85.190875818 32.363467052 116.5084814 41.0628019 147.826087
4100 15.3389172236 55.220102005 24.255735476 87.3206477135 33.1725537283 119.4211934 42.089372 151.5217391
4200 15.7130371559 56.5669337612 24.8473387803 89.4504196089 33.9816404046 122.3339055 43.115942 155.2173913
4300 16.0871570882 57.9137655174 25.4389420845 91.5801915044 34.7907270809 125.2466175 44.1425121 158.9130435
4400 16.4612770205 59.2605972737 26.0305453888 93.7099633998 35.5998137572 128.1593295 45.1690821 162.6086957
4500 16.8353969527 60.6074290299 26.6221486931 95.8397352953 36.4089004335 131.0720416 46.1956522 166.3043478
4600 17.209516885 61.9542607861 27.2137519974 97.9695071907 37.2179871098 133.9847536 47.2222222 170

diagrama ferastrau progresie aritmetca

180

160

140

120

I
100
Column E
viteza

Column G
80
Column I
60

40

20

0
500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000

turata

Caracteristca de tractune a autovehiculelor

treapta ηtr
1 M e * i0 * icv * tr 4948.4384793338 N 0.9114
2 FR  3129.3088719508 N
rr
3 2288.1472690427 N
4 1803.3932237212 N
rr * n  * n * rr
v a  0.977 
itr 30 * i0 * icv

Pentru etajare in progresie geometrica

itr 7.8738426406 itr 5.6242007914 i tr 4.01730591 itr 2.869518237
Treapta I Treapta II Treapta III Treapta IV
n [rpm] Me [Nm]
v a [km/h] FR [N] v a [km/h] FR [N] v a [km/h] FR [N] v a [km/h] FR [N]
1000 187.8400793714 13.4686348636 4791.9806778987 18.8559966887 3422.86006352 26.3982664 2444.91199 36.9573924 1746.374239

1100 188.6513405619 14.8154983499 4812.6767293641 20.7415963576 3437.64302965 29.03809304 2455.4713 40.65313164 1753.916642
1200 189.2823214879 16.1623618363 4828.7736582817 22.6271960265 3449.14089219 31.67791968 2463.6841 44.34887088 1759.782956
1300 189.7330221494 17.5092253226 4840.2714646514 24.5127956954 3457.35365115 34.31774632 2469.55039 48.04461012 1763.97318
1400 190.0034425462 18.856088809 4847.1701484732 26.3983953642 3462.28130652 36.95757296 2473.07016 51.74034936 1766.487314
1500 190.0935826785 20.2029522953 4849.4697097472 28.2839950331 3463.92385831 39.59739959 2474.24342 55.4360886 1767.325359
1600 190.0034425462 21.5498157817 4847.1701484732 30.169594702 3462.28130652 42.23722623 2473.07016 59.13182784 1766.487314
1700 189.7330221494 22.896679268 4840.2714646514 32.0551943709 3457.35365115 44.87705287 2469.55039 62.82756708 1763.97318
1800 189.2823214879 24.2435427544 4828.7736582817 33.9407940397 3449.14089219 47.51687951 2463.6841 66.52330632 1759.782956
1900 188.6513405619 25.5904062408 4812.6767293641 35.8263937086 3437.64302965 50.15670615 2455.4713 70.21904556 1753.916642
2000 187.8400793714 26.9372697271 4791.9806778987 37.7119933775 3422.86006352 52.79653279 2444.91199 73.9147848 1746.374239
2100 186.8485379162 28.2841332135 4766.6855038854 39.5975930464 3404.79199381 55.43635943 2432.00616 77.61052404 1737.155746
2200 185.6767161965 29.6309966998 4736.7912073242 41.4831927152 3383.43882052 58.07618607 2416.75382 81.30626328 1726.261163
2300 184.3246142122 30.9778601862 4702.2977882151 43.3687923841 3358.80054365 60.71601271 2399.15497 85.00200252 1713.690491
2400 182.7922319634 32.3247236725 4663.2052465581 45.254392053 3330.87716319 63.35583935 2379.2096 88.69774176 1699.443729
2500 181.07956945 33.6715871589 4619.5135823533 47.1399917219 3299.66867915 65.99566599 2356.91771 92.393481 1683.520878
2600 179.186626672 35.0184506452 4571.2227956006 49.0255913907 3265.17509152 68.63549263 2332.27932 96.08922024 1665.921936
2700 177.1134036294 36.3653141316 4518.3328863 50.9111910596 3227.39640031 71.27531927 2305.29441 99.78495948 1646.646906
2800 174.8599003222 37.712177618 4460.8438544516 52.7967907285 3186.33260552 73.91514591 2275.96298 103.4806987 1625.695785
2900 172.4261167505 39.0590411043 4398.7557000552 54.6823903974 3141.98370714 76.55497255 2244.28504 107.176438 1603.068575
3000 169.8120529142 40.4059045907 4332.068423111 56.5679900662 3094.34970519 79.19479919 2210.26059 110.8721772 1578.765275
3100 167.0177088134 41.752768077 4260.7820236189 58.4535897351 3043.43059964 81.83462583 2173.88962 114.5679164 1552.785886
3200 164.043084448 43.0996315634 4184.8965015789 60.339189404 2989.22639052 84.47445247 2135.17214 118.2636557 1525.130407
3300 160.888179818 44.4464950497 4104.4118569911 62.2247890729 2931.73707781 87.11427911 2094.10814 121.9593949 1495.798839
3400 157.5529949234 45.7933585361 4019.3280898554 64.1103887417 2870.96266152 89.75410575 2050.69763 125.6551342 1464.79118
3500 154.0375297643 47.1402220224 3929.6452001718 65.9959884106 2806.90314164 92.39393239 2004.94061 129.3508734 1432.107433
3600 150.3417843406 48.4870855088 3835.3631879403 67.8815880795 2739.55851818 95.03375903 1956.83707 133.0466126 1397.747595
3700 146.4657586523 49.8339489952 3736.482053161 69.7671877484 2668.92879114 97.67358567 1906.38702 136.7423519 1361.711668
3800 142.4094526994 51.1808124815 3633.0017958337 71.6527874172 2595.01396051 100.3134123 1853.59046 140.4380911 1323.999651
3900 138.172866482 52.5276759679 3524.9224159586 73.5383870861 2517.81402631 102.9532389 1798.44738 144.1338304 1284.611545
4000 133.756 53.8745394542 3412.2439135356 75.423986755 2437.32898851 105.5930656 1740.95778 147.8295696 1243.547349
4100 129.1588532534 55.2214029406 3294.9662885648 77.3095864239 2353.55884714 108.2328922 1681.12168 151.5253088 1200.807063
4200 124.3814262423 56.5682664269 3173.089541046 79.1951860927 2266.50360218 110.8727189 1618.93905 155.2210481 1156.390688
4300 119.4237189666 57.9151299133 3046.6136709794 81.0807857616 2176.16325364 113.5125455 1554.40992 158.9167873 1110.298223
4400 114.2857314263 59.2619933996 2915.5386783649 82.9663854305 2082.53780151 116.1523721 1487.53427 162.6125266 1062.529668
4500 108.9674636215 60.608856886 2779.8645632026 84.8519850994 1985.6272458 118.7921988 1418.3121 166.3082658 1013.085024
4600 103.468915552 61.9557203724 2639.5913254923 86.7375847682 1885.43158651 121.4320254 1346.74343 170.004005 961.9642903
 Pentru etajare in progresie aritmetica
itr 7.8738426406 itr 4.9792850279 i tr 3.64084784 itr 2.869518237
Treapta I Treapta II Treapta III Treapta IV
n [rpm] Me [Nm]
v a [km/h] FR [N] v a [km/h] FR [N] v a [km/h] FR [N] v a [km/h] FR [N]
1000 187.8400793714 13.4686348636 4791.9806778987 21.2982207095 3030.36760226 29.12780656 2215.80152 36.9573924 1746.374239
1100 188.6513405619 14.8154983499 4812.6767293641 23.4280427804 3043.45543547 32.04058721 2225.37133 40.65313164 1753.916642
1200 189.2823214879 16.1623618363 4828.7736582817 25.5578648514 3053.6348613 34.95336787 2232.81451 44.34887088 1759.782956
1300 189.7330221494 17.5092253226 4840.2714646514 27.6876869223 3060.90587975 37.86614852 2238.13107 48.04461012 1763.97318
1400 190.0034425462 18.856088809 4847.1701484732 29.8175089933 3065.26849082 40.77892918 2241.32101 51.74034936 1766.487314
1500 190.0935826785 20.2029522953 4849.4697097472 31.9473310642 3066.72269451 43.69170983 2242.38432 55.4360886 1767.325359
1600 190.0034425462 21.5498157817 4847.1701484732 34.0771531352 3065.26849082 46.60449049 2241.32101 59.13182784 1766.487314
1700 189.7330221494 22.896679268 4840.2714646514 36.2069752061 3060.90587975 49.51727114 2238.13107 62.82756708 1763.97318
1800 189.2823214879 24.2435427544 4828.7736582817 38.336797277 3053.6348613 52.4300518 2232.81451 66.52330632 1759.782956
1900 188.6513405619 25.5904062408 4812.6767293641 40.466619348 3043.45543547 55.34283246 2225.37133 70.21904556 1753.916642
2000 187.8400793714 26.9372697271 4791.9806778987 42.5964414189 3030.36760226 58.25561311 2215.80152 73.9147848 1746.374239
2100 186.8485379162 28.2841332135 4766.6855038854 44.7262634899 3014.37136167 61.16839377 2204.10509 77.61052404 1737.155746
2200 185.6767161965 29.6309966998 4736.7912073242 46.8560855608 2995.4667137 64.08117442 2190.28203 81.30626328 1726.261163
2300 184.3246142122 30.9778601862 4702.2977882151 48.9859076318 2973.65365836 66.99395508 2174.33234 85.00200252 1713.690491
2400 182.7922319634 32.3247236725 4663.2052465581 51.1157297027 2948.93219563 69.90673573 2156.25604 88.69774176 1699.443729
2500 181.07956945 33.6715871589 4619.5135823533 53.2455517737 2921.30232552 72.81951639 2136.05311 92.393481 1683.520878
2600 179.186626672 35.0184506452 4571.2227956006 55.3753738446 2890.76404803 75.73229704 2113.72355 96.08922024 1665.921936
2700 177.1134036294 36.3653141316 4518.3328863 57.5051959156 2857.31736316 78.6450777 2089.26737 99.78495948 1646.646906
2800 174.8599003222 37.712177618 4460.8438544516 59.6350179865 2820.96227091 81.55785836 2062.68457 103.4806987 1625.695785
2900 172.4261167505 39.0590411043 4398.7557000552 61.7648400575 2781.69877128 84.47063901 2033.97514 107.176438 1603.068575
3000 169.8120529142 40.4059045907 4332.068423111 63.8946621284 2739.52686427 87.38341967 2003.13909 110.8721772 1578.765275
3100 167.0177088134 41.752768077 4260.7820236189 66.0244841994 2694.44654988 90.29620032 1970.17641 114.5679164 1552.785886
3200 164.043084448 43.0996315634 4184.8965015789 68.1543062703 2646.45782812 93.20898098 1935.08711 118.2636557 1525.130407
3300 160.888179818 44.4464950497 4104.4118569911 70.2841283413 2595.56069897 96.12176163 1897.87118 121.9593949 1495.798839
3400 157.5529949234 45.7933585361 4019.3280898554 72.4139504122 2541.75516244 99.03454229 1858.52863 125.6551342 1464.79118
3500 154.0375297643 47.1402220224 3929.6452001718 74.5437724831 2485.04121853 101.9473229 1817.05946 129.3508734 1432.107433
3600 150.3417843406 48.4870855088 3835.3631879403 76.6735945541 2425.41886724 104.8601036 1773.46366 133.0466126 1397.747595
3700 146.4657586523 49.8339489952 3736.482053161 78.803416625 2362.88810858 107.7728843 1727.74123 136.7423519 1361.711668
3800 142.4094526994 51.1808124815 3633.0017958337 80.933238696 2297.44894253 110.6856649 1679.89219 140.4380911 1323.999651
3900 138.172866482 52.5276759679 3524.9224159586 83.0630607669 2229.1013691 113.5984456 1629.91651 144.1338304 1284.611545
4000 133.756 53.8745394542 3412.2439135356 85.1928828379 2157.84538829 116.5112262 1577.81422 147.8295696 1243.547349
4100 129.1588532534 55.2214029406 3294.9662885648 87.3227049088 2083.68100011 119.4240069 1523.5853 151.5253088 1200.807063
4200 124.3814262423 56.5682664269 3173.089541046 89.4525269798 2006.60820454 122.3367875 1467.22975 155.2210481 1156.390688
4300 119.4237189666 57.9151299133 3046.6136709794 91.5823490507 1926.62700159 125.2495682 1408.74758 158.9167873 1110.298223
4400 114.2857314263 59.2619933996 2915.5386783649 93.7121711217 1843.73739127 128.1623488 1348.13879 162.6125266 1062.529668
4500 108.9674636215 60.608856886 2779.8645632026 95.8419931926 1757.93937356 131.0751295 1285.40337 166.3082658 1013.085024
4600 103.468915552 61.9557203724 2639.5913254923 97.9718152636 1669.23294847 133.9879102 1220.54133 170.004005 961.9642903

Caracteristca de tractune progresie aritmetca Caracteristca de tractune progresie geometrica

6000 6000

5000 5000

4000 4000
I I
II II
3000 3000
III
FR

III
FR

IV IV
2000
2000

1000
1000

0
0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
Va
Va

Caracteristca de putere a autovehiculelor

Pentru etajare in progresie geometrica

itr 7.8738426406 itr 5.6242007914 i tr 4.01730591 itr 2.869518237
Treapta 1 Treapta 2 Treapta 3 Treapta 4
n [rpm] M e [Nm]
v a[km/h] PR[W] va[km/h] PR[W] v a[km/h] PR[W] va[km/h] PR[W]
1000 187.8400793714 13.4686348636 17928.1772288414 18.8559966887 17928.1772288 26.3982664 17928.1772 36.9573924 17928.17723
1100 188.6513405619 14.8154983499 19806.1678173745 20.7415963576 19806.1678174 29.03809304 19806.1678 40.65313164 19806.16782
1200 189.2823214879 16.1623618363 21678.99641405 22.6271960265 21678.9964141 31.67791968 21678.9964 44.34887088 21678.99641
1300 189.7330221494 17.5092253226 23541.5010270105 24.5127956954 23541.501027 34.31774632 23541.501 48.04461012 23541.50103
1400 190.0034425462 18.856088809 25388.5196643985 26.3983953642 25388.5196644 36.95757296 25388.5197 51.74034936 25388.51966
1500 190.0935826785 20.2029522953 27214.8903343564 28.2839950331 27214.8903344 39.59739959 27214.8903 55.4360886 27214.89033
1600 190.0034425462 21.5498157817 29015.4510450268 30.169594702 29015.451045 42.23722623 29015.451 59.13182784 29015.45105
1700 189.7330221494 22.896679268 30785.0398045522 32.0551943709 30785.0398046 44.87705287 30785.0398 62.82756708 30785.0398
1800 189.2823214879 24.2435427544 32518.494621075 33.9407940397 32518.4946211 47.51687951 32518.4946 66.52330632 32518.49462
1900 188.6513405619 25.5904062408 34210.6535027377 35.8263937086 34210.6535027 50.15670615 34210.6535 70.21904556 34210.6535
2000 187.8400793714 26.9372697271 35856.3544576829 37.7119933775 35856.3544577 52.79653279 35856.3545 73.9147848 35856.35446
2100 186.8485379162 28.2841332135 37450.435494053 39.5975930464 37450.4354941 55.43635943 37450.4355 77.61052404 37450.43549
2200 185.6767161965 29.6309966998 38987.7346199904 41.4831927152 38987.73462 58.07618607 38987.7346 81.30626328 38987.73462
2300 184.3246142122 30.9778601862 40463.0898436378 43.3687923841 40463.0898436 60.71601271 40463.0898 85.00200252 40463.08984
2400 182.7922319634 32.3247236725 41871.3391731376 45.254392053 41871.3391731 63.35583935 41871.3392 88.69774176 41871.33917
2500 181.07956945 33.6715871589 43207.3206166323 47.1399917219 43207.3206166 65.99566599 43207.3206 92.393481 43207.32062
2600 179.186626672 35.0184506452 44465.8721822644 49.0255913907 44465.8721823 68.63549263 44465.8722 96.08922024 44465.87218
2700 177.1134036294 36.3653141316 45641.8318781763 50.9111910596 45641.8318782 71.27531927 45641.8319 99.78495948 45641.83188
2800 174.8599003222 37.712177618 46730.0377125106 52.7967907285 46730.0377125 73.91514591 46730.0377 103.4806987 46730.03771
2900 172.4261167505 39.0590411043 47725.3276934097 54.6823903974 47725.3276934 76.55497255 47725.3277 107.176438 47725.32769
3000 169.8120529142 40.4059045907 48622.5398290162 56.5679900662 48622.539829 79.19479919 48622.5398 110.8721772 48622.53983
3100 167.0177088134 41.752768077 49416.5121274725 58.4535897351 49416.5121275 81.83462583 49416.5121 114.5679164 49416.51213
3200 164.043084448 43.0996315634 50102.0825969212 60.339189404 50102.0825969 84.47445247 50102.0826 118.2636557 50102.0826
3300 160.888179818 44.4464950497 50674.0892455047 62.2247890729 50674.0892455 87.11427911 50674.0892 121.9593949 50674.08925
3400 157.5529949234 45.7933585361 51127.3700813654 64.1103887417 51127.3700814 89.75410575 51127.3701 125.6551342 51127.37008
3500 154.0375297643 47.1402220224 51456.7631126461 65.9959884106 51456.7631126 92.39393239 51456.7631 129.3508734 51456.76311
3600 150.3417843406 48.4870855088 51657.1063474889 67.8815880795 51657.1063475 95.03375903 51657.1063 133.0466126 51657.10635
3700 146.4657586523 49.8339489952 51723.2377940366 69.7671877484 51723.237794 97.67358567 51723.2378 136.7423519 51723.23779
3800 142.4094526994 51.1808124815 51649.9954604316 71.6527874172 51649.9954604 100.3134123 51649.9955 140.4380911 51649.99546
3900 138.172866482 52.5276759679 51432.2173548163 73.5383870861 51432.2173548 102.9532389 51432.2174 144.1338304 51432.21735
4000 133.756 53.8745394542 51064.7414853333 75.423986755 51064.7414853 105.5930656 51064.7415 147.8295696 51064.74149
4100 129.1588532534 55.2214029406 50542.4058601251 77.3095864239 50542.4058601 108.2328922 50542.4059 151.5253088 50542.40586
4200 124.3814262423 56.5682664269 49860.0484873341 79.1951860927 49860.0484873 110.8727189 49860.0485 155.2210481 49860.04849
4300 119.4237189666 57.9151299133 49012.5073751029 81.0807857616 49012.5073751 113.5125455 49012.5074 158.9167873 49012.50738
4400 114.2857314263 59.2619933996 47994.6205315738 82.9663854305 47994.6205316 116.1523721 47994.6205 162.6125266 47994.62053
4500 108.9674636215 60.608856886 46801.2259648895 84.8519850994 46801.2259649 118.7921988 46801.226 166.3082658 46801.22596
4600 103.468915552 61.9557203724 45427.1616831925 86.7375847682 45427.1616832 121.4320254 45427.1617 170.004005 45427.16168

Pentru etajare in progresie aritmetica

itr 7.8738426406 itr 4.9792850279 i tr 3.64084784 itr 2.869518237

Treapta 1 Treapta 2 Treapta 3 Treapta 4
n [rpm] M e [Nm]
v a[km/h] PR[W] va[km/h] PR[W] v a[km/h] PR[W] va[km/h] PR[W]
1000 187.8400793714 13.4686348636 17928.1772288414 21.2982207095 17928.1772288 29.12780656 17928.1772 36.9573924 17928.17723
1100 188.6513405619 14.8154983499 19806.1678173745 23.4280427804 19806.1678174 32.04058721 19806.1678 40.65313164 19806.16782
1200 189.2823214879 16.1623618363 21678.99641405 25.5578648514 21678.9964141 34.95336787 21678.9964 44.34887088 21678.99641
1300 189.7330221494 17.5092253226 23541.5010270105 27.6876869223 23541.501027 37.86614852 23541.501 48.04461012 23541.50103
1400 190.0034425462 18.856088809 25388.5196643985 29.8175089933 25388.5196644 40.77892918 25388.5197 51.74034936 25388.51966
1500 190.0935826785 20.2029522953 27214.8903343564 31.9473310642 27214.8903344 43.69170983 27214.8903 55.4360886 27214.89033
1600 190.0034425462 21.5498157817 29015.4510450268 34.0771531352 29015.451045 46.60449049 29015.451 59.13182784 29015.45105
1700 189.7330221494 22.896679268 30785.0398045522 36.2069752061 30785.0398046 49.51727114 30785.0398 62.82756708 30785.0398
1800 189.2823214879 24.2435427544 32518.494621075 38.336797277 32518.4946211 52.4300518 32518.4946 66.52330632 32518.49462
1900 188.6513405619 25.5904062408 34210.6535027377 40.466619348 34210.6535027 55.34283246 34210.6535 70.21904556 34210.6535
2000 187.8400793714 26.9372697271 35856.3544576829 42.5964414189 35856.3544577 58.25561311 35856.3545 73.9147848 35856.35446
2100 186.8485379162 28.2841332135 37450.435494053 44.7262634899 37450.4354941 61.16839377 37450.4355 77.61052404 37450.43549
2200 185.6767161965 29.6309966998 38987.7346199904 46.8560855608 38987.73462 64.08117442 38987.7346 81.30626328 38987.73462
2300 184.3246142122 30.9778601862 40463.0898436378 48.9859076318 40463.0898436 66.99395508 40463.0898 85.00200252 40463.08984
2400 182.7922319634 32.3247236725 41871.3391731376 51.1157297027 41871.3391731 69.90673573 41871.3392 88.69774176 41871.33917
2500 181.07956945 33.6715871589 43207.3206166323 53.2455517737 43207.3206166 72.81951639 43207.3206 92.393481 43207.32062
2600 179.186626672 35.0184506452 44465.8721822644 55.3753738446 44465.8721823 75.73229704 44465.8722 96.08922024 44465.87218
2700 177.1134036294 36.3653141316 45641.8318781763 57.5051959156 45641.8318782 78.6450777 45641.8319 99.78495948 45641.83188
2800 174.8599003222 37.712177618 46730.0377125106 59.6350179865 46730.0377125 81.55785836 46730.0377 103.4806987 46730.03771
2900 172.4261167505 39.0590411043 47725.3276934097 61.7648400575 47725.3276934 84.47063901 47725.3277 107.176438 47725.32769
3000 169.8120529142 40.4059045907 48622.5398290162 63.8946621284 48622.539829 87.38341967 48622.5398 110.8721772 48622.53983
3100 167.0177088134 41.752768077 49416.5121274725 66.0244841994 49416.5121275 90.29620032 49416.5121 114.5679164 49416.51213
3200 164.043084448 43.0996315634 50102.0825969212 68.1543062703 50102.0825969 93.20898098 50102.0826 118.2636557 50102.0826
3300 160.888179818 44.4464950497 50674.0892455047 70.2841283413 50674.0892455 96.12176163 50674.0892 121.9593949 50674.08925
3400 157.5529949234 45.7933585361 51127.3700813654 72.4139504122 51127.3700814 99.03454229 51127.3701 125.6551342 51127.37008
3500 154.0375297643 47.1402220224 51456.7631126461 74.5437724831 51456.7631126 101.9473229 51456.7631 129.3508734 51456.76311
3600 150.3417843406 48.4870855088 51657.1063474889 76.6735945541 51657.1063475 104.8601036 51657.1063 133.0466126 51657.10635
3700 146.4657586523 49.8339489952 51723.2377940366 78.803416625 51723.237794 107.7728843 51723.2378 136.7423519 51723.23779
3800 142.4094526994 51.1808124815 51649.9954604316 80.933238696 51649.9954604 110.6856649 51649.9955 140.4380911 51649.99546
3900 138.172866482 52.5276759679 51432.2173548163 83.0630607669 51432.2173548 113.5984456 51432.2174 144.1338304 51432.21735
4000 133.756 53.8745394542 51064.7414853333 85.1928828379 51064.7414853 116.5112262 51064.7415 147.8295696 51064.74149
4100 129.1588532534 55.2214029406 50542.4058601251 87.3227049088 50542.4058601 119.4240069 50542.4059 151.5253088 50542.40586
4200 124.3814262423 56.5682664269 49860.0484873341 89.4525269798 49860.0484873 122.3367875 49860.0485 155.2210481 49860.04849
4300 119.4237189666 57.9151299133 49012.5073751029 91.5823490507 49012.5073751 125.2495682 49012.5074 158.9167873 49012.50738
4400 114.2857314263 59.2619933996 47994.6205315738 93.7121711217 47994.6205316 128.1623488 47994.6205 162.6125266 47994.62053
4500 108.9674636215 60.608856886 46801.2259648895 95.8419931926 46801.2259649 131.0751295 46801.226 166.3082658 46801.22596
4600 103.468915552 61.9557203724 45427.1616831925 97.9718152636 45427.1616832 133.9879102 45427.1617 170.004005 45427.16168

Caracteristca de putere progr. geometrica

Caracteristca de putere progr. aritmetca 60000
60000
50000
50000
40000
I
40000
II
I 30000
III
Pr

II
30000 IV
III
Pr

20000
IV
20000
10000

10000
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
0 viteza
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
viteza

ETAPA 4: Bilant tractune+ Bilant putere+ Caracteristca dinamica a autovehiculelor

Bilantul de tractiune al autovehiculului
 Rr=f*Ga*cosα 267.5187 N Ra=1/2*ρ*cx*A*v^2
α 0

va [km/h] Ra [N] Ra+Rr [N]

0 0 267.5187
10 3.105585216 270.6242852161
20 12.4223408642 279.9410408642
30 27.9502669444 295.4689669444
40 49.6893634568 317.2080634568
50 77.6396304012 345.1583304012
60 111.8010677778 379.3197677778
70 152.1736755864 419.6923755864
80 198.7574538272 466.2761538272
90 251.5524025 519.0711025
100 310.5585216049 578.0772216049
110 375.775811142 643.294511142
120 447.2042711111 714.7229711111
130 524.8439015123 792.3626015123
140 608.6947023457 876.2134023457
150 698.7566736111 966.2753736111
160 795.0298153086 1062.5485153087
170 897.5141274383 1165.0328274383

Caracteristca de tractune progresie aritmetca

6000

5000 Caracteristca de tractune progresie geometrica

6000

4000
I 5000
II
3000 III
4000
Fr

IV I
Ra+Rr II
3000 III

FR
2000 IV
Ra+Rr
2000
1000
1000

0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
Va Va

R p=Ga*sinα
Ga 14862.15 N
Rr 267.5187 N α
5 10 18 5 10 18 5 10 18
va Ra Ra+Rr Rp Rp+Rr Ra+Rr+Rp
0 0 267.5187 1295.3217220771 2580.7852637126 4592.65692295 1562.840422 2848.30396 4860.175623 1562.840422 2848.303964 4860.17562
10 3.105585216 270.6242852161 1295.3217220771 2580.7852637126 4592.65692295 1562.840422 2848.30396 4860.175623 1565.946007 2851.409549 4863.28121
20 12.4223408642 279.9410408642 1295.3217220771 2580.7852637126 4592.65692295 1562.840422 2848.30396 4860.175623 1575.262763 2860.726305 4872.59796
30 27.9502669444 295.4689669444 1295.3217220771 2580.7852637126 4592.65692295 1562.840422 2848.30396 4860.175623 1590.790689 2876.254231 4888.12589
40 49.6893634568 317.2080634568 1295.3217220771 2580.7852637126 4592.65692295 1562.840422 2848.30396 4860.175623 1612.529786 2897.993327 4909.86499
50 77.6396304012 345.1583304012 1295.3217220771 2580.7852637126 4592.65692295 1562.840422 2848.30396 4860.175623 1640.480052 2925.943594 4937.81525
60 111.8010677778 379.3197677778 1295.3217220771 2580.7852637126 4592.65692295 1562.840422 2848.30396 4860.175623 1674.64149 2960.105031 4971.97669
70 152.1736755864 419.6923755864 1295.3217220771 2580.7852637126 4592.65692295 1562.840422 2848.30396 4860.175623 1715.014098 3000.477639 5012.3493
80 198.7574538272 466.2761538272 1295.3217220771 2580.7852637126 4592.65692295 1562.840422 2848.30396 4860.175623 1761.597876 3047.061418 5058.93308
90 251.5524025 519.0711025 1295.3217220771 2580.7852637126 4592.65692295 1562.840422 2848.30396 4860.175623 1814.392825 3099.856366 5111.72803
100 310.5585216049 578.0772216049 1295.3217220771 2580.7852637126 4592.65692295 1562.840422 2848.30396 4860.175623 1873.398944 3158.862485 5170.73414
110 375.775811142 643.294511142 1295.3217220771 2580.7852637126 4592.65692295 1562.840422 2848.30396 4860.175623 1938.616233 3224.079775 5235.95143
120 447.2042711111 714.7229711111 1295.3217220771 2580.7852637126 4592.65692295 1562.840422 2848.30396 4860.175623 2010.044693 3295.508235 5307.37989
130 524.8439015123 792.3626015123 1295.3217220771 2580.7852637126 4592.65692295 1562.840422 2848.30396 4860.175623 2087.684324 3373.147865 5385.01952
140 608.6947023457 876.2134023457 1295.3217220771 2580.7852637126 4592.65692295 1562.840422 2848.30396 4860.175623 2171.535124 3456.998666 5468.87033
150 698.7566736111 966.2753736111 1295.3217220771 2580.7852637126 4592.65692295 1562.840422 2848.30396 4860.175623 2261.597096 3547.060637 5558.9323
160 795.0298153086 1062.5485153087 1295.3217220771 2580.7852637126 4592.65692295 1562.840422 2848.30396 4860.175623 2357.870237 3643.333779 5655.20544
170 897.5141274383 1165.0328274383 1295.3217220771 2580.7852637126 4592.65692295 1562.840422 2848.30396 4860.175623 2460.35455 3745.818091 5757.68975

Caracteristca de tractune progresie geometrica Caracteristca de tractune progresie aritmetca

7000 7000

6000 6000

5000 5000
I I
II II
4000 4000 III
III
IV IV
FR
FR

Rp+Ra+Rr(5) Ra+Rr+Rp(5)
3000 3000 Ra+Rr+Rp(10)
Ra+Rr+Rp(10)
Ra+Rr+Rp(18) Ra+Rr+Rp(18)

2000 2000

1000 1000

0 0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

Va Va

Bilantul de putere al autovehiculului

Rr 267.5187 N
Ga 14862.15 N
R p=Ga*sinα
5 10 18 5 10 18 5 10 18 5 10 18
va [km/h] Pr [kW] Ra Pa Rp Pp Pp+Pr Pa+Pr+Pp
0 0 0 0 1295.3217220771 2580.78526371 4592.656923 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 2675.187 3.105585216 31.0558521605 1295.3217220771 2580.78526371 4592.656923 12953.2172 25807.85264 45926.56923 15628.40422 28483.0396 48601.7562 15659.4601 28514.0955 48632.8121
20 5350.374 12.4223408642 248.446817284 1295.3217220771 2580.78526371 4592.656923 25906.4344 51615.70527 91853.13846 31256.80844 56966.0793 97203.5125 31505.2553 57214.5261 97451.9593
30 8025.561 27.9502669444 838.5080083333 1295.3217220771 2580.78526371 4592.656923 38859.6517 77423.55791 137779.7077 46885.21266 85449.1189 145805.269 47723.7207 86287.6269 146643.777
40 10700.748 49.6893634568 1987.5745382716 1295.3217220771 2580.78526371 4592.656923 51812.8689 103231.4105 183706.2769 62513.61688 113932.159 194407.025 64501.1914 115919.733 196394.599
50 13375.935 77.6396304012 3881.9815200617 1295.3217220771 2580.78526371 4592.656923 64766.0861 129039.2632 229632.8461 78142.0211 142415.198 243008.781 82024.0026 146297.18 246890.763
60 16051.122 111.8010677778 6708.0640666667 1295.3217220771 2580.78526371 4592.656923 77719.3033 154847.1158 275559.4154 93770.42532 170898.238 291610.537 100478.489 177606.302 298318.601
70 18726.309 152.1736755864 10652.1572910494 1295.3217220771 2580.78526371 4592.656923 90672.5205 180654.9685 321485.9846 109398.8295 199381.277 340212.294 120050.987 210033.435 350864.451
80 21401.496 198.7574538272 15900.5963061728 1295.3217220771 2580.78526371 4592.656923 103625.738 206462.8211 367412.5538 125027.2338 227864.317 388814.05 140927.83 243764.913 404714.646
90 24076.683 251.5524025 22639.716225 1295.3217220771 2580.78526371 4592.656923 116578.955 232270.6737 413339.1231 140655.638 256347.357 437415.806 163295.354 278987.073 460055.522
100 26751.87 310.5585216049 31055.8521604938 1295.3217220771 2580.78526371 4592.656923 129532.172 258078.5264 459265.6923 156284.0422 284830.396 486017.562 187339.894 315886.249 517073.414
110 29427.057 375.775811142 41335.3392256173 1295.3217220771 2580.78526371 4592.656923 142485.389 283886.379 505192.2615 171912.4464 313313.436 534619.319 213247.786 354648.775 575954.658
120 32102.244 447.2042711111 53664.5125333333 1295.3217220771 2580.78526371 4592.656923 155438.607 309694.2316 551118.8308 187540.8506 341796.476 583221.075 241205.363 395460.988 636885.587
130 34777.431 524.8439015123 68229.7071966049 1295.3217220771 2580.78526371 4592.656923 168391.824 335502.0843 597045.4 203169.2549 370279.515 631822.831 271398.962 438509.222 700052.538
140 37452.618 608.6947023457 85217.2583283951 1295.3217220771 2580.78526371 4592.656923 181345.041 361309.9369 642971.9692 218797.6591 398762.555 680424.587 304014.917 483979.813 765641.846
150 40127.805 698.7566736111 104813.501041667 1295.3217220771 2580.78526371 4592.656923 194298.258 387117.7896 688898.5384 234426.0633 427245.595 729026.343 339239.564 532059.096 833839.844
160 42802.992 795.0298153086 127204.770449383 1295.3217220771 2580.78526371 4592.656923 207251.476 412925.6422 734825.1077 250054.4675 455728.634 777628.1 377259.238 582933.405 904832.87
170 45478.179 897.5141274383 152577.401664506 1295.3217220771 2580.78526371 4592.656923 220204.693 438733.4948 780751.6769 265682.8718 484211.674 826229.856 418260.273 636789.075 978807.258

Caracteristca de putere progr. geometrica Caracteristca de putere progr. aritmetca

250000 160000

140000
200000
120000
I I
Pr

II 100000 II
150000
III III
IV 80000 IV
Pr

Column N Column N
100000 Column O 60000 Column O
Column P Column P
40000
50000
20000

0 0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
viteza viteza

Caracteristca de dinamica a autovehiculului

FR  Ra
Pentru progresia geometrica D
Ra=1/2*ρ*cx*A*v^2 Ga
Ga 14862.15 N
Treapta 1 Treapta 2 Treapta 3 Treapta 4
va [km/h] FR[N] Ra [N] D va [km/h] FR[N] Ra [N] D va [km/h] FR[N] Ra [N] D va [km/h] FR[N] Ra [N] D
13.4686348636 4791.9806778987 5.63365969 0.3220494355 18.8559966887 3422.86006352 11.0418651 0.22956424 26.3982664 2444.91199 21.64184414 0.16304977 36.9573924 1746.37424 42.4176001 0.11465075
14.8154983499 4812.6767293641 6.8167282249 0.3233623669 20.7415963576 3437.64302965 13.36065677 0.23040289 29.03809304 2455.471303 26.18663141 0.16345446 40.6531316 1753.91664 51.3252961 0.11455889
16.1623618363 4828.7736582817 8.1124699536 0.324358265 22.6271960265 3449.14089219 15.90028575 0.23100565 31.67791968 2463.684102 31.16425556 0.16367214 44.3488709 1759.78296 61.0813441 0.11429717
17.5092253226 4840.2714646514 9.5208848762 0.3250371299 24.5127956954 3457.35365115 18.66075202 0.23137251 34.31774632 2469.550387 36.5747166 0.16370281 48.0446101 1763.97318 71.6857441 0.11386559
18.856088809 4847.1701484732 11.0419729925 0.3253989615 26.3983953642 3462.28130652 21.6420556 0.23150347 36.95757296 2473.070158 42.41801452 0.16354647 51.7403494 1766.48731 83.1384961 0.11326415
20.2029522953 4849.4697097472 12.6757343026 0.3254437598 28.2839950331 3463.92385831 24.84419648 0.23139853 39.59739959 2474.243415 48.69414932 0.16320312 55.4360886 1767.32536 95.4396001 0.11249286
21.5498157817 4847.1701484732 14.4221688065 0.325171525 30.169594702 3462.28130652 28.26717466 0.2310577 42.23722623 2473.070158 55.403121 0.16267277 59.1318278 1766.48731 108.589056 0.11155171
22.896679268 4840.2714646514 16.2812765042 0.3245822568 32.0551943709 3457.35365115 31.91099015 0.23048096 44.87705287 2469.550387 62.54492957 0.1619554 62.8275671 1763.97318 122.586864 0.1104407
24.2435427544 4828.7736582817 18.2530573957 0.3236759554 33.9407940397 3449.14089219 35.77564293 0.22966834 47.51687951 2463.684102 70.11957502 0.16105103 66.5233063 1759.78296 137.433024 0.10915984
25.5904062408 4812.6767293641 20.337511481 0.3224526208 35.8263937086 3437.64302965 39.86113302 0.22861981 50.15670615 2455.471303 78.12705735 0.15995965 70.2190456 1753.91664 153.127536 0.10770912
26.9372697271 4791.9806778987 22.5346387601 0.3209122529 37.7119933775 3422.86006352 44.16746041 0.22733539 52.79653279 2444.91199 86.56737656 0.15868125 73.9147848 1746.37424 169.6704 0.10608854
28.2841332135 4766.6855038854 24.844439233 0.3190548517 39.5975930464 3404.79199381 48.6946251 0.22581507 55.43635943 2432.006163 95.44053266 0.15721586 77.610524 1737.15575 187.061616 0.10429811
29.6309966998 4736.7912073242 27.2669128997 0.3168804173 41.4831927152 3383.43882052 53.4426271 0.22405885 58.07618607 2416.753822 104.7465256 0.15556345 81.3062633 1726.26116 205.301184 0.10233782
30.9778601862 4702.2977882151 29.8020597603 0.3143889497 43.3687923841 3358.80054365 58.41146639 0.22206673 60.71601271 2399.154966 114.4853555 0.15372403 85.0020025 1713.69049 224.389104 0.10020767
32.3247236725 4663.2052465581 32.4498798146 0.3115804488 45.254392053 3330.87716319 63.60114299 0.21983872 63.35583935 2379.209597 124.6570222 0.15169761 88.6977418 1699.44373 244.325376 0.09790766
33.6715871589 4619.5135823533 35.2103730627 0.3084549146 47.1399917219 3299.66867915 69.01165689 0.21737481 65.99566599 2356.917714 135.2615259 0.14948417 92.393481 1683.52088 265.11 0.0954378
35.0184506452 4571.2227956006 38.0835395046 0.3050123472 49.0255913907 3265.17509152 74.6430081 0.214675 68.63549263 2332.279317 146.2988664 0.14708373 96.0892202 1665.92194 286.742976 0.09279808
36.3653141316 4518.3328863 41.0693791403 0.3012527466 50.9111910596 3227.39640031 80.4951966 0.2117393 71.27531927 2305.294405 157.7690438 0.14449628 99.7849595 1646.64691 309.224304 0.0899885
37.712177618 4460.8438544516 44.1678919698 0.2971761126 52.7967907285 3186.33260552 86.56822241 0.2085677 73.91514591 2275.96298 169.6720581 0.14172182 103.480699 1625.69579 332.553984 0.08700907
39.0590411043 4398.7557000552 47.3790779931 0.2927824455 54.6823903974 3141.98370714 92.86208552 0.2051602 76.55497255 2244.285041 182.0079092 0.13876035 107.176438 1603.06858 356.732016 0.08385978
40.4059045907 4332.068423111 50.7029372103 0.2880717451 56.5679900662 3094.34970519 99.37678593 0.2015168 79.19479919 2210.260588 194.7765973 0.13561187 110.872177 1578.76528 381.758401 0.08054063
41.752768077 4260.7820236189 54.1394696212 0.2830440114 58.4535897351 3043.43059964 106.1123236 0.19763751 81.83462583 2173.88962 207.9781222 0.13227639 114.567916 1552.78589 407.633137 0.07705162
43.0996315634 4184.8965015789 57.6886752259 0.2776992445 60.339189404 2989.22639052 113.0686987 0.19352232 84.47445247 2135.172139 221.612484 0.12875389 118.263656 1525.13041 434.356225 0.07339276
44.4464950497 4104.4118569911 61.3505540244 0.2720374443 62.2247890729 2931.73707781 120.245911 0.18917123 87.11427911 2094.108143 235.6796827 0.12504439 121.959395 1495.79884 461.927665 0.06956404
45.7933585361 4019.3280898554 65.1251060167 0.2660586109 64.1103887417 2870.96266152 127.6439606 0.18458424 89.75410575 2050.697634 250.1797183 0.12114788 125.655134 1464.79118 490.347457 0.06556546
47.1402220224 3929.6452001718 69.0123312029 0.2597627442 65.9959884106 2806.90314164 135.2628475 0.17976136 92.39393239 2004.94061 265.1125907 0.11706436 129.350873 1432.10743 519.615601 0.06139703
48.4870855088 3835.3631879403 73.0122295828 0.2531498443 67.8815880795 2739.55851818 143.1025717 0.17470258 95.03375903 1956.837073 280.4783001 0.11279383 133.046613 1397.7476 549.732097 0.05705874
49.8339489952 3736.482053161 77.1248011565 0.2462199111 69.7671877484 2668.92879114 151.1631333 0.1694079 97.67358567 1906.387021 296.2768463 0.10833629 136.742352 1361.71167 580.696945 0.05255059
51.1808124815 3633.0017958337 81.350045924 0.2389729447 71.6527874172 2595.01396051 159.4445321 0.16387733 100.3134123 1853.590456 312.5082294 0.10369174 140.438091 1323.99965 612.510145 0.04787258
52.5276759679 3524.9224159586 85.6879638854 0.231408945 73.5383870861 2517.81402631 167.9467682 0.15811086 102.9532389 1798.447376 329.1724494 0.09886019 144.13383 1284.61154 645.171697 0.04302472
53.8745394542 3412.2439135356 90.1385550405 0.2235279121 75.423986755 2437.32898851 176.6698416 0.15210849 105.5930656 1740.957783 346.2695062 0.09384162 147.82957 1243.54735 678.681601 0.038007
55.2214029406 3294.9662885648 94.7018193894 0.2153298459 77.3095864239 2353.55884714 185.6137524 0.14587022 108.2328922 1681.121675 363.7994 0.08863605 151.525309 1200.80706 713.039857 0.03281942
56.5682664269 3173.089541046 99.3777569321 0.2068147465 79.1951860927 2266.50360218 194.7785004 0.13939606 110.8727189 1618.939054 381.7621306 0.08324347 155.221048 1156.39069 748.246465 0.02746199
57.9151299133 3046.6136709794 104.1663676686 0.1979826138 81.0807857616 2176.16325364 204.1640858 0.132686 113.5125455 1554.409918 400.1576982 0.07766388 158.916787 1110.29822 784.301425 0.0219347
59.2619933996 2915.5386783649 109.067651599 0.1888334478 82.9663854305 2082.53780151 213.7705084 0.12574004 116.1523721 1487.534268 418.9861026 0.07189728 162.612527 1062.52967 821.204737 0.01623755
60.608856886 2779.8645632026 114.0816087231 0.1793672486 84.8519850994 1985.6272458 223.5977683 0.11855818 118.7921988 1418.312105 438.2473438 0.06594367 166.308266 1013.08502 858.956401 0.01037055
61.9557203724 2639.5913254923 119.208239041 0.1695840162 86.7375847682 1885.43158651 233.6458656 0.11114043 121.4320254 1346.743427 457.941422 0.05980306 170.004005 961.96429 897.556417 0.00433368
 Caracteristca dinaminca pt progresie geometrica
0.35

0.3

0.25

0.2 I
II
D

0.15 III
IV
0.1

0.05

0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
viteza

Zi 7876.9395 Z  Ra
D  i

Ga
Ga 14862.15
coef de aderenta phi
Factor dinamic la limita de aderenta(pr. geometrica)
va 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.6 0.8
0 0.053 0.106 0.159 0.1855 0.212 0.318 0.424 0.45
10 0.0527910406 0.1057910406 0.1587910406 0.1852910406 0.2117910406 0.317791041 0.42379104 0.4
20 0.0521641626 0.1051641626 0.1581641626 0.1846641626 0.2111641626 0.317164163 0.42316416
0.35
30 0.0511193658 0.1041193658 0.1571193658 0.1836193658 0.2101193658 0.316119366 0.42211937
0.3 0.1
40 0.0496566504 0.1026566504 0.1556566504 0.1821566504 0.2086566504 0.31465665 0.42065665
0.2
50 0.0477760162 0.1007760162 0.1537760162 0.1802760162 0.2067760162 0.312776016 0.41877602 0.25
0.3
60 0.0454774634 0.0984774634 0.1514774634 0.1779774634 0.2044774634 0.310477463 0.41647746

D(phi)
0.2 0.35
70 0.0427609918 0.0957609918 0.1487609918 0.1752609918 0.2017609918 0.307760992 0.41376099 0.4
0.15
80 0.0396266015 0.0926266015 0.1456266015 0.1721266015 0.1986266015 0.304626602 0.4106266 0.6
90 0.0360742926 0.0890742926 0.1420742926 0.1685742926 0.1950742926 0.301074293 0.40707429 0.1 0.8
100 0.0321040649 0.0851040649 0.1381040649 0.1646040649 0.1911040649 0.297104065 0.40310406 0.05
110 0.0277159185 0.0807159185 0.1337159185 0.1602159185 0.1867159185 0.292715919 0.39871592
0
120 0.0229098535 0.0759098535 0.1289098535 0.1554098535 0.1819098535 0.287909853 0.39390985 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
130 0.0176858697 0.0706858697 0.1236858697 0.1501858697 0.1766858697 0.28268587 0.38868587 -0.05
140 0.0120439672 0.0650439672 0.1180439672 0.1445439672 0.1710439672 0.277043967 0.38304397 viteza
150 0.0059841461 0.0589841461 0.1119841461 0.1384841461 0.1649841461 0.270984146 0.37698415
160 -0.0004935938 0.0525064062 0.1055064062 0.1320064062 0.1585064062 0.264506406 0.37050641
170 -0.0073892524 0.0456107476 0.0986107476 0.1251107476 0.1516107476 0.257610748 0.36361075

Pentru progresia aritmetica

Ra=1/2*ρ*cx*A*v^2
FR  Ra
Ga 14862.15 N D
Ga
Treapta 1 Treapta 2 Treapta 3 Treapta 4
va [km/h] FR[N] Ra [N] D va [km/h] FR[N] Ra [N] D va [km/h] FR[N] Ra [N] D va [km/h] FR[N] Ra [N] D
13.4686348636 4791.9806778987 5.63365969 0.3220494355 21.2982207095 3030.36760226 14.0873757 0.20295046 29.12780656 2215.801519 26.34868916 0.14731737 36.9573924 1746.37424 42.4176001 0.11465075
14.8154983499 4812.6767293641 6.8167282249 0.3233623669 23.4280427804 3043.45543547 17.0457246 0.20363203 32.04058721 2225.371329 31.88191388 0.14758897 40.6531316 1753.91664 51.3252961 0.11455889
16.1623618363 4828.7736582817 8.1124699536 0.324358265 25.5578648514 3053.6348613 20.28582101 0.20409894 34.95336787 2232.814514 37.94211238 0.14768202 44.3488709 1759.78296 61.0813441 0.11429717
17.5092253226 4840.2714646514 9.5208848762 0.3250371299 27.6876869223 3060.90587975 23.80766493 0.2043512 37.86614852 2238.131075 44.52928467 0.14759653 48.0446101 1763.97318 71.6857441 0.11386559
18.856088809 4847.1701484732 11.0419729925 0.3253989615 29.8175089933 3065.26849082 27.61125637 0.20438882 40.77892918 2241.321011 51.64343075 0.14733249 51.7403494 1766.48731 83.1384961 0.11326415
20.2029522953 4849.4697097472 12.6757343026 0.3254437598 31.9473310642 3066.72269451 31.69659533 0.20421178 43.69170983 2242.384324 59.2845506 0.1468899 55.4360886 1767.32536 95.4396001 0.11249286
21.5498157817 4847.1701484732 14.4221688065 0.325171525 34.0771531352 3065.26849082 36.06368179 0.20382009 46.60449049 2241.321011 67.45264424 0.14626877 59.1318278 1766.48731 108.589056 0.11155171
22.896679268 4840.2714646514 16.2812765042 0.3245822568 36.2069752061 3060.90587975 40.71251577 0.20321376 49.51727114 2238.131075 76.14771166 0.14546909 62.8275671 1763.97318 122.586864 0.1104407
24.2435427544 4828.7736582817 18.2530573957 0.3236759554 38.336797277 3053.6348613 45.64309727 0.20239277 52.4300518 2232.814514 85.36975286 0.14449086 66.5233063 1759.78296 137.433024 0.10915984
25.5904062408 4812.6767293641 20.337511481 0.3224526208 40.466619348 3043.45543547 50.85542628 0.20135714 55.34283246 2225.371329 95.11876785 0.14333408 70.2190456 1753.91664 153.127536 0.10770912
26.9372697271 4791.9806778987 22.5346387601 0.3209122529 42.5964414189 3030.36760226 56.3495028 0.20010686 58.25561311 2215.801519 105.3947566 0.14199875 73.9147848 1746.37424 169.6704 0.10608854
28.2841332135 4766.6855038854 24.844439233 0.3190548517 44.7262634899 3014.37136167 62.12532684 0.19864192 61.16839377 2204.105086 116.1977192 0.14048488 77.610524 1737.15575 187.061616 0.10429811
29.6309966998 4736.7912073242 27.2669128997 0.3168804173 46.8560855608 2995.4667137 68.18289839 0.19696234 64.08117442 2190.282027 127.5276555 0.13879246 81.3062633 1726.26116 205.301184 0.10233782
30.9778601862 4702.2977882151 29.8020597603 0.3143889497 48.9859076318 2973.65365836 74.52221746 0.19506811 66.99395508 2174.332345 139.3845656 0.13692149 85.0020025 1713.69049 224.389104 0.10020767
32.3247236725 4663.2052465581 32.4498798146 0.3115804488 51.1157297027 2948.93219563 81.14328403 0.19295922 69.90673573 2156.256038 151.7684495 0.13487198 88.6977418 1699.44373 244.325376 0.09790766
33.6715871589 4619.5135823533 35.2103730627 0.3084549146 53.2455517737 2921.30232552 88.04609813 0.19063569 72.81951639 2136.053107 164.6793072 0.13264392 92.393481 1683.52088 265.11 0.0954378
35.0184506452 4571.2227956006 38.0835395046 0.3050123472 55.3753738446 2890.76404803 95.23065974 0.18809751 75.73229704 2113.723551 178.1171387 0.13023731 96.0892202 1665.92194 286.742976 0.09279808
36.3653141316 4518.3328863 41.0693791403 0.3012527466 57.5051959156 2857.31736316 102.6969689 0.18534468 78.6450777 2089.267371 192.0819439 0.12765215 99.7849595 1646.64691 309.224304 0.0899885
37.712177618 4460.8438544516 44.1678919698 0.2971761126 59.6350179865 2820.96227091 110.4450255 0.1823772 81.55785836 2062.684567 206.573723 0.12488845 103.480699 1625.69579 332.553984 0.08700907
39.0590411043 4398.7557000552 47.3790779931 0.2927824455 61.7648400575 2781.69877128 118.4748296 0.17919507 84.47063901 2033.975139 221.5924758 0.1219462 107.176438 1603.06858 356.732016 0.08385978
40.4059045907 4332.068423111 50.7029372103 0.2880717451 63.8946621284 2739.52686427 126.7863813 0.17579829 87.38341967 2003.139086 237.1382024 0.1188254 110.872177 1578.76528 381.758401 0.08054063
41.752768077 4260.7820236189 54.1394696212 0.2830440114 66.0244841994 2694.44654988 135.3796805 0.17218686 90.29620032 1970.176409 253.2109028 0.11552605 114.567916 1552.78589 407.633137 0.07705162
43.0996315634 4184.8965015789 57.6886752259 0.2776992445 68.1543062703 2646.45782812 144.2547272 0.16836078 93.20898098 1935.087107 269.810577 0.11204816 118.263656 1525.13041 434.356225 0.07339276
44.4464950497 4104.4118569911 61.3505540244 0.2720374443 70.2841283413 2595.56069897 153.4115214 0.16432005 96.12176163 1897.871181 286.9372249 0.10839172 121.959395 1495.79884 461.927665 0.06956404
45.7933585361 4019.3280898554 65.1251060167 0.2660586109 72.4139504122 2541.75516244 162.8500631 0.16006467 99.03454229 1858.528631 304.5908466 0.10455673 125.655134 1464.79118 490.347457 0.06556546
47.1402220224 3929.6452001718 69.0123312029 0.2597627442 74.5437724831 2485.04121853 172.5703523 0.15559464 101.9473229 1817.059456 322.7714422 0.10054319 129.350873 1432.10743 519.615601 0.06139703
48.4870855088 3835.3631879403 73.0122295828 0.2531498443 76.6735945541 2425.41886724 182.5723891 0.15090996 104.8601036 1773.463657 341.4790115 0.09635111 133.046613 1397.7476 549.732097 0.05705874
49.8339489952 3736.482053161 77.1248011565 0.2462199111 78.803416625 2362.88810858 192.8561733 0.14601063 107.7728843 1727.741234 360.7135545 0.09198048 136.742352 1361.71167 580.696945 0.05255059
51.1808124815 3633.0017958337 81.350045924 0.2389729447 80.933238696 2297.44894253 203.4217051 0.14089666 110.6856649 1679.892187 380.4750714 0.0874313 140.438091 1323.99965 612.510145 0.04787258
52.5276759679 3524.9224159586 85.6879638854 0.231408945 83.0630607669 2229.1013691 214.2689844 0.13556803 113.5984456 1629.916515 400.7635621 0.08270358 144.13383 1284.61154 645.171697 0.04302472
53.8745394542 3412.2439135356 90.1385550405 0.2235279121 85.1928828379 2157.84538829 225.3980112 0.13002475 116.5112262 1577.814218 421.5790265 0.0777973 147.82957 1243.54735 678.681601 0.038007
55.2214029406 3294.9662885648 94.7018193894 0.2153298459 87.3227049088 2083.68100011 236.8087855 0.12426683 119.4240069 1523.585298 442.9214647 0.07271248 151.525309 1200.80706 713.039857 0.03281942
56.5682664269 3173.089541046 99.3777569321 0.2068147465 89.4525269798 2006.60820454 248.5013074 0.11829425 122.3367875 1467.229753 464.7908767 0.06744912 155.221048 1156.39069 748.246465 0.02746199
57.9151299133 3046.6136709794 104.1663676686 0.1979826138 91.5823490507 1926.62700159 260.4755767 0.11210703 125.2495682 1408.747584 487.1872625 0.0620072 158.916787 1110.29822 784.301425 0.0219347
59.2619933996 2915.5386783649 109.067651599 0.1888334478 93.7121711217 1843.73739127 272.7315936 0.10570515 128.1623488 1348.13879 510.1106221 0.05638674 162.612527 1062.52967 821.204737 0.01623755
60.608856886 2779.8645632026 114.0816087231 0.1793672486 95.8419931926 1757.93937356 285.2693579 0.09908863 131.0751295 1285.403372 533.5609554 0.05058773 166.308266 1013.08502 858.956401 0.01037055
61.9557203724 2639.5913254923 119.208239041 0.1695840162 97.9718152636 1669.23294847 298.0888698 0.09225745 133.9879102 1220.54133 557.5382625 0.04461017 170.004005 961.96429 897.556417 0.00433368

Caracteristca dinamica pt progresie aritmetca Caracteristca dinamica pt progresie aritmetca

0.35 0.35

0.3 0.3

0.25 0.25
D

I I
0.2 0.2
II II
III III
0.15 IV 0.15 IV

0.1 0.1

0.05 0.05

0 0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

Viteza Viteza

Zi 7876.9395 N Z  Ra
D  i

Ga 14862.15 N Ga
coef de aderenta phi
va 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.6 Factor dinamic la limita de aderenta(pr. aritmetca
0 0.053 0.106 0.159 0.1855 0.212 0.318 0.8 0.45
10 0.0527910406 0.1057910406 0.1587910406 0.1852910406 0.2117910406 0.317791041 0.424
0.4
20 0.0521641626 0.1051641626 0.1581641626 0.1846641626 0.2111641626 0.317164163 0.42379104
30 0.0511193658 0.1041193658 0.1571193658 0.1836193658 0.2101193658 0.316119366 0.42316416 0.35
40 0.0496566504 0.1026566504 0.1556566504 0.1821566504 0.2086566504 0.31465665 0.42211937
0.3 0.1
D(phi)

50 0.0477760162 0.1007760162 0.1537760162 0.1802760162 0.2067760162 0.312776016 0.42065665

0.2
60 0.0454774634 0.0984774634 0.1514774634 0.1779774634 0.2044774634 0.310477463 0.41877602 0.25
0.3
70 0.0427609918 0.0957609918 0.1487609918 0.1752609918 0.2017609918 0.307760992 0.41647746 0.2 0.35
80 0.0396266015 0.0926266015 0.1456266015 0.1721266015 0.1986266015 0.304626602 0.41376099 0.4
90 0.0360742926 0.0890742926 0.1420742926 0.1685742926 0.1950742926 0.301074293 0.4106266 0.15
0.6
100 0.0321040649 0.0851040649 0.1381040649 0.1646040649 0.1911040649 0.297104065 0.40707429 0.1 0.8
110 0.0277159185 0.0807159185 0.1337159185 0.1602159185 0.1867159185 0.292715919 0.40310406
0.05
120 0.0229098535 0.0759098535 0.1289098535 0.1554098535 0.1819098535 0.287909853 0.39871592
130 0.0176858697 0.0706858697 0.1236858697 0.1501858697 0.1766858697 0.28268587 0.39390985 0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
140 0.0120439672 0.0650439672 0.1180439672 0.1445439672 0.1710439672 0.277043967 0.38868587
-0.05
150 0.0059841461 0.0589841461 0.1119841461 0.1384841461 0.1649841461 0.270984146 0.38304397
160 -0.0004935938 0.0525064062 0.1055064062 0.1320064062 0.1585064062 0.264506406 0.37698415 viteza
170 -0.0073892524 0.0456107476 0.0986107476 0.1251107476 0.1516107476 0.257610748 0.37050641

pt progresia aritmetca pt progresie geometrica

0.45
0.45

0.4
0.4

0.35
0.35

0.3 I
0.3 I
II
II
D,D(phi)

III
III 0.25
0.25 IV
IV
0.1
0.1
0.2
D,D(phi)

0.2 0.2
0.2 0
0.3
0.35
0.35
0.15 0.4
0.15 0.4
0.6
0.6
0.8
0.8
0.1
0.1

0.05
0.05

0
0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

-0.05
-0.05
viteza
viteza

Etapa 5: Caracteristca dinamica si caracteristca de propulsie a drumului

ψ ψ=f*cosα+sinα
progresie geometrica
0 5 10 18
sosea din beton f
tr de viteza va[km/h] ψ tr de viteza va[km/h] ψ tr de viteza va[km/h] ψ tr de viteza va[km/h] ψ
in stare buna 0.015 4 164 0.015 3 102 0.10209866 2 64 0.188420294 1 15 0.32328284
in stare satisfacatoare 0.018 4 162 0.018 4 98 0.10508725 2 62 0.191374717 1 14 0.32613601
sosea pavata
stare buna 0.025 4 156 0.025 3 96 0.11206061 2 58 0.198268371 1 0.33279341
 cu hartoape 0.035 4 150 0.035 3 90 0.12202256 2 53 0.208116449 1 0.34230397

progresie geometrica sosea din beton stare buna progresie geometrica sosea beton stare satsfacatoare
0.35 0.35

0.3 0.3
I I
II 0.25 II
0.25
III III
0.2
0.2 IV IV

D
psi0sb 0.15 psi0
D

0.15
psi5sb 0.1 psi5
0.1 psi10sb psi10
psi18sb 0.05 psi18
0.05
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 viteza
viteza

progresie geometrica sosea pavata stare buna progresie geometrica sosea pavata cu hartoape
0.35 0.4

0.3 0.35

0.25 I 0.3
I
II
II
III 0.25
0.2 III
IV
IV
psi0 0.2
D

psi0

D
0.15
psi5
psi5
psi10 0.15
0.1 psi10
psi18
psi18
0.1
0.05
0.05
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
viteza
viteza

progresie aritmetica
0 5 10 18
sosea din beton f
tr de viteza va[km/h] ψ tr de viteza va[km/h] ψ tr de viteza va[km/h] ψ tr de viteza va[km/h] ψ
in stare buna 0.015 4 164 0.015 3 102 0.10209866 2 56 0.188420294 1 15 0.32328284
in stare satisfacatoare 0.018 4 160 0.018 3 100 0.10508725 2 54 0.191374717 1 15 0.32613601
sosea pavata
stare buna 0.025 4 157 0.025 3 92 0.11206061 2 45 0.198268371 1 0.33279341
cu hartoape 0.035 4 155 0.035 3 86 0.12202256 2 0.208116449 1 0.34230397

progresie aritmetca sosea beton stare buna progresie aritmetca sosea beton stare satsfacatoare
0.35 0.35

0.3 I 0.3
I
II 0.25 II
0.25
D

III
D

III
0.2 IV 0.2
IV
0.15 psi0 0.15 psi0
psi5 psi5
0.1 psi10 0.1 psi10
0.05 psi18 psi18
0.05
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
Viteza
Viteza

progresie aritmetca sosea pavata stare buna progresie aritmetca sosea pavata cu hartoape
0.35 0.4

0.3 0.35

0.25 I 0.3
I
II II
D

III 0.25
0.2 III
IV IV
0.2
psi0 psi0
0.15
psi5 psi5
psi10 0.15
psi10
0.1 psi18 psi18
0.1

0.05
0.05

0 0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
Viteza Viteza

sosea beton stare buna sosea beton stare satisfacatoare sosea pavata stare buna sosea pavata cu hartoape
va
ψ0 ψ5 ψ10 ψ18 ψ0 ψ5 ψ10 ψ18 ψ0 ψ5 ψ10 ψ18 ψ0 ψ5 ψ10 ψ18
0 0.015 0.1020986632 0.188420294 0.3232828421 0.018 0.105087247 0.19137472 0.326136012 0.025 0.11206061 0.19826837 0.33279341 0.035 0.12202256 0.20811645 0.34230397
10 0.015 0.1020986632 0.188420294 0.3232828421 0.018 0.105087247 0.19137472 0.326136012 0.025 0.11206061 0.19826837 0.33279341 0.035 0.12202256 0.20811645 0.34230397
20 0.015 0.1020986632 0.188420294 0.3232828421 0.018 0.105087247 0.19137472 0.326136012 0.025 0.11206061 0.19826837 0.33279341 0.035 0.12202256 0.20811645 0.34230397
30 0.015 0.1020986632 0.188420294 0.3232828421 0.018 0.105087247 0.19137472 0.326136012 0.025 0.11206061 0.19826837 0.33279341 0.035 0.12202256 0.20811645 0.34230397
40 0.015 0.1020986632 0.188420294 0.3232828421 0.018 0.105087247 0.19137472 0.326136012 0.025 0.11206061 0.19826837 0.33279341 0.035 0.12202256 0.20811645 0.34230397
50 0.015 0.1020986632 0.188420294 0.3232828421 0.018 0.105087247 0.19137472 0.326136012 0.025 0.11206061 0.19826837 0.33279341 0.035 0.12202256 0.20811645 0.34230397
60 0.015 0.1020986632 0.188420294 0.3232828421 0.018 0.105087247 0.19137472 0.326136012 0.025 0.11206061 0.19826837 0.33279341 0.035 0.12202256 0.20811645 0.34230397
70 0.015 0.1020986632 0.188420294 0.3232828421 0.018 0.105087247 0.19137472 0.326136012 0.025 0.11206061 0.19826837 0.33279341 0.035 0.12202256 0.20811645 0.34230397
80 0.015 0.1020986632 0.188420294 0.3232828421 0.018 0.105087247 0.19137472 0.326136012 0.025 0.11206061 0.19826837 0.33279341 0.035 0.12202256 0.20811645 0.34230397
90 0.015 0.1020986632 0.188420294 0.3232828421 0.018 0.105087247 0.19137472 0.326136012 0.025 0.11206061 0.19826837 0.33279341 0.035 0.12202256 0.20811645 0.34230397
100 0.015 0.1020986632 0.188420294 0.3232828421 0.018 0.105087247 0.19137472 0.326136012 0.025 0.11206061 0.19826837 0.33279341 0.035 0.12202256 0.20811645 0.34230397
110 0.015 0.1020986632 0.188420294 0.3232828421 0.018 0.105087247 0.19137472 0.326136012 0.025 0.11206061 0.19826837 0.33279341 0.035 0.12202256 0.20811645 0.34230397
120 0.015 0.1020986632 0.188420294 0.3232828421 0.018 0.105087247 0.19137472 0.326136012 0.025 0.11206061 0.19826837 0.33279341 0.035 0.12202256 0.20811645 0.34230397
130 0.015 0.1020986632 0.188420294 0.3232828421 0.018 0.105087247 0.19137472 0.326136012 0.025 0.11206061 0.19826837 0.33279341 0.035 0.12202256 0.20811645 0.34230397
140 0.015 0.1020986632 0.188420294 0.3232828421 0.018 0.105087247 0.19137472 0.326136012 0.025 0.11206061 0.19826837 0.33279341 0.035 0.12202256 0.20811645 0.34230397
150 0.015 0.1020986632 0.188420294 0.3232828421 0.018 0.105087247 0.19137472 0.326136012 0.025 0.11206061 0.19826837 0.33279341 0.035 0.12202256 0.20811645 0.34230397
160 0.015 0.1020986632 0.188420294 0.3232828421 0.018 0.105087247 0.19137472 0.326136012 0.025 0.11206061 0.19826837 0.33279341 0.035 0.12202256 0.20811645 0.34230397
170 0.015 0.1020986632 0.188420294 0.3232828421 0.018 0.105087247 0.19137472 0.326136012 0.025 0.11206061 0.19826837 0.33279341 0.035 0.12202256 0.20811645 0.34230397

Rezistenta totala maxima a drumului

progresie geometrica progresie aritmetca

0.4 0.4

0.35 0.35
I
II
0.3 I 0.3 III
II IV
III I
0.25 0.25
D

IV II
v30 III
0.2 v60 0.2 IV
D

v90 v30
v110 v60
0.15 0.15
v130 v90
v150 v110
0.1 v170 0.1 v130
v150
0.05 v170
0.05

0 0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
viteza Viteza

D
viteza
0 30 60 90 110 130 150 170
0.05 30 60 90 110 130 150 170
0.1 30 60 90 110 130 150 170
0.15 30 60 90 110 130 150 170
0.2 30 60 90 110 130 150 170
0.25 30 60 90 110 130 150 170
0.3 30 60 90 110 130 150 170
0.35 30 60 90 110 130 150 170

progresie geometrica
viteza 30 60 90 110 130 150 170
ψ 0.315 0.195 0.121 0.09 0.065 0.035 0.01.

progresie aritmetica
viteza 30 60 90 110 130 150 170
ψ 0.32 0.18 0.12 0.085 0.06 0.04 0.01

Panta maxima
Progresie geometrica
viteza auroveh.[km/h] 30 60 90 110 130 150 170
panta maxima 0.297 0.177 0.103 0.072 0.042 0.022 -0.008
 unghiul de inclinare 17.2775049521 10.1950668088 5.9119501971 4.1288687212 2.40713079 1.260608852 -0.45837113

D-f=p alfa=arcsin(p)

Progresie aritmetica
viteza auroveh.[km/h] 30 60 90 110 130 150 170
panta maxima 0.302 0.162 0.102 0.067 0.024 0.022 -0.008
unghiul de inclinare 17.5777674332 9.3230024766 5.8543510406 3.8416951198 1.375230752 1.260608852 -0.45837113

progresie geometrica progresie aritmetca

0.4 0.4

0.35 0.35

0.3 0.3 I
I
II II
III III

D
0.25 0.25
IV IV
v30 v30
0.2 v60 0.2 v60
D

v90 v90
v130 v130
0.15 v150 0.15 v150
v170 v170
f f
0.1 0.1

0.05 0.05

0 0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

viteza Viteza

30 60 90 130 150 170 0 0.018 0

30 60 90 130 150 170 0.05 0.018 30
30 60 90 130 150 170 0.1 0.018 60
30 60 90 130 150 170 0.15 0.018 90
30 60 90 130 150 170 0.2 0.018 110
30 60 90 130 150 170 0.25 0.018 130
30 60 90 130 150 170 0.3 0.018 150
30 60 90 130 150 170 0.35 0.018 170

Variatia factorului dinamic functie de greutate

Ga
DG  D
Ga  G progresie geometrica
G1 2000 N 0.5
G2 3500 N
Ga 14862.15 N

0.4 I
scara
II
D D DG(+G1) DG(-G1) DG(+G2) DG(-G2) 0.0025 III
0 0 0 0 0 0 IV
0.05 -0.05 -0.0440695582 -0.0577747499 -0.0404695256 -0.0654020146 0.3 0.1
D,D(phi)

0.1 -0.1 -0.0881391163 -0.1155494999 -0.0809390513 -0.1308040292 0.2

0.15 -0.15 -0.1322086745 -0.1733242498 -0.1214085769 -0.1962060438 0
0.2 -0.2 -0.1762782326 -0.2310989998 -0.1618781025 -0.2616080583 0.35
0.2 0.4
0.25 -0.25 -0.2203477908 -0.2888737497 -0.2023476281 -0.3270100729
0.6
0.3 -0.3 -0.2644173489 -0.3466484997 -0.2428171538 -0.3924120875
0.8
0.35 -0.35 -0.3084869071 -0.4044232496 -0.2832866794 -0.4578141021
Ga
0.4 -0.4 -0.3525564652 -0.4621979996 -0.323756205 -0.5232161167 0.1 Ga+G1
0.45 -0.45 -0.3966260234 -0.5199727495 -0.3642257306 -0.5886181313 Ga-G1
0 0 0 0 0 Ga+G2
-20 -17.627823261 -23.1098999778 -16.187810251 -26.160805833 Ga-G2
0
-40 -35.2556465219 -46.2197999557 -32.375620502 -52.321611667 -300 -250 -200 -150 -100 -50 0 50 100 150 200
-60 -52.8834697829 -69.3296999335 -48.5634307529 -78.4824175
-80 -70.5112930439 -92.4395999114 -64.7512410039 -104.64322333
-100 -88.1391163049 -115.5494998892 -80.9390512549 -130.80402917 -0.1
-120 -105.7669395658 -138.6593998671 -97.1268615059 -156.964835
viteza
-140 -123.3947628268 -161.7692998449 -113.3146717568 -183.12564083
-160 -141.0225860878 -184.8791998227 -129.5024820078 -209.28644667
-180 -158.6504093487 -207.9890998006 -145.6902922588 -235.4472525
progresia aritmetca
0.5

Viteza vehiculului 50 80 90 100 110 120 130 I

viteza Ga+G1 0.4
II
viteza Ga-G1 III
viteza Ga-G2 IV
0.3 0.1
0.2
0.3
0.35
D,D(phi)

0.2 0.4
0.6
0.8
Ga+G1
0.1
Ga-G1
Ga
Ga+G2
0 Ga-G2
-300 -250 -200 -150 -100 -50 0 50 100 150 200

-0.1

viteza

Diagrama acceleratilor autovehiculelor

Jm 0.02….0.07 0.04 kg*m^2

ηtr 0.9114 -
ma 1515 kg
rr 0.2812995 m
JR 0.2….0.6 0.35 kg*m^2
ψ 0.015

I 7.8738426406
II 5.6242007914
itr(pr. Geometrica) III 4.0173059059
IV 2.8695182373
I 7.8738426406
II 4.9792850279
itr(pr. Aritmetica) III 3.6408478372
IV 2.8695182373

J m *  tr * itr2
 i  1  i   i  n
progresie geometrica
ma * rr2 J R
 1

ma * rr2
λi tr1 λi tr2 λi tr3 λi tr4 ξ δ i tr1 δi tr2 δ i tr3 δi tr4
0.0188534974 0.0096192253 0.004907816 0.002504012 0.01167824 1.03053174 1.021297468 1.016586058 1.01418225

progresie aritmetica
λi tr1 λi tr2 λi tr3 λi tr4 ξ δ i tr1 δi tr2 δ i tr3 δi tr4
0.0188534974 0.0075396717 0.0040310995 0.002504012 0.01167824 1.03053174 1.019217914 1.015709342 1.01418225

progresie geometrica
Treapta 1 Treapta 2 Treapta 3 Treapta4
stare uscata
va D a 1/a va D a 1/a va D a 1/a va D a 1/a
13.4686348636 0.3220494355 2.9229133335 0.3421244101 18.8559966887 0.2295642419 2.060981526 0.48520571 26.3982664 0.16304977 1.428672207 0.69995062 36.9573924 0.11465075 0.96390353 1.03744822
14.8154983499 0.3233623669 2.9354115965 0.3406677282 20.7415963576 0.2304028941 2.06903714 0.4833166 29.03809304 0.163454458 1.432577419 0.69804255 40.6531316 0.11455889 0.96301495 1.03840548
16.1623618363 0.324358265 2.9448919067 0.3395710375 22.6271960265 0.231005649 2.074826859 0.48196793 31.67791968 0.163672137 1.434678008 0.69702051 44.3488709 0.11429717 0.96048337 1.04114244
17.5092253226 0.3250371299 2.951354264 0.3388275044 24.5127956954 0.2313725066 2.078350683 0.48115075 34.31774632 0.163702807 1.434973973 0.69687675 48.0446101 0.11386559 0.9563088 1.04568734
18.856088809 0.3253989615 2.9547986684 0.3384325337 26.3983953642 0.2315034669 2.079608613 0.48085971 36.95757296 0.163546468 1.433465315 0.69761018 51.7403494 0.11326415 0.95049122 1.05208757
20.2029522953 0.3254437598 2.9552251201 0.3383836965 28.2839950331 0.2313985299 2.078600649 0.48109289 39.59739959 0.163203121 1.430152033 0.69922636 55.4360886 0.11249286 0.94303066 1.06041091
21.5498157817 0.325171525 2.9526336188 0.3386806929 30.169594702 0.2310576957 2.07532679 0.48185182 42.23722623 0.162672765 1.425034127 0.70173758 59.1318278 0.11155171 0.93392709 1.0707474
22.896679268 0.3245822568 2.9470241647 0.3393253479 32.0551943709 0.2304809641 2.069787036 0.48314149 44.87705287 0.161955401 1.418111599 0.70516312 62.8275671 0.1104407 0.92318053 1.08321175
24.2435427544 0.3236759554 2.9383967578 0.3403216388 33.9407940397 0.2296683353 2.061981387 0.48497043 47.51687951 0.161051027 1.409384446 0.70952961 66.5233063 0.10915984 0.91079097 1.09794676
25.5904062408 0.3224526208 2.926751398 0.3416757572 35.8263937086 0.2286198092 2.051909844 0.48735085 50.15670615 0.159959646 1.398852671 0.71487157 70.2190456 0.10770912 0.89675842 1.11512753
26.9372697271 0.3209122529 2.9120880854 0.343396206 37.7119933775 0.2273353857 2.039572407 0.49029885 52.79653279 0.158681255 1.386516271 0.72123207 73.9147848 0.10608854 0.88108286 1.13496703
28.2841332135 0.3190548517 2.8944068199 0.3454939344 39.5975930464 0.225815065 2.024969075 0.4938347 55.43635943 0.157215856 1.372375249 0.72866368 77.610524 0.10429811 0.86376432 1.15772321
29.6309966998 0.3168804173 2.8737076016 0.3479825155 41.4831927152 0.224058847 2.008099848 0.49798321 58.07618607 0.155563448 1.356429603 0.73722956 81.3062633 0.10233782 0.84480277 1.18370824
30.9778601862 0.3143889497 2.8499904304 0.3508783711 43.3687923841 0.2220667317 1.988964727 0.50277412 60.71601271 0.153724031 1.338679333 0.74700488 85.0020025 0.10020767 0.82419823 1.21330035
32.3247236725 0.3115804488 2.8232553064 0.3542010521 45.254392053 0.2198387192 1.967563711 0.50824275 63.35583935 0.151697606 1.31912444 0.75807859 88.6977418 0.09790766 0.80195069 1.24695946
33.6715871589 0.3084549146 2.7935022295 0.3579735822 47.1399917219 0.2173748093 1.9438968 0.5144306 65.99566599 0.149484172 1.297764923 0.77055558 92.393481 0.0954378 0.77806016 1.28524767
35.0184506452 0.3050123472 2.7607311998 0.3622228778 49.0255913907 0.2146750022 1.917963995 0.52138622 68.63549263 0.147083729 1.274600783 0.78455938 96.0892202 0.09279808 0.75252662 1.32885664
36.3653141316 0.3012527466 2.7249422172 0.3669802588 50.9111910596 0.2117392977 1.889765296 0.52916624 71.27531927 0.144496278 1.24963202 0.80023558 99.7849595 0.0899885 0.7253501 1.37864461
37.712177618 0.2971761126 2.6861352818 0.3722820689 52.7967907285 0.208567696 1.859300701 0.53783662 73.91514591 0.141721818 1.222858633 0.81775601 103.480699 0.08700907 0.69653057 1.43568716
39.0590411043 0.2927824455 2.6443103936 0.3781704305 54.6823903974 0.205160197 1.826570212 0.54747416 76.55497255 0.13876035 1.194280623 0.83732414 107.176438 0.08385978 0.66606805 1.5013481
40.4059045907 0.2880717451 2.5994675525 0.3846941652 56.5679900662 0.2015168007 1.791573829 0.55816846 79.19479919 0.135611872 1.163897989 0.85918183 110.872177 0.08054063 0.63396253 1.57738029
41.752768077 0.2830440114 2.5516067585 0.3919099198 58.4535897351 0.1976375071 1.754311551 0.57002418 81.83462583 0.132276387 1.131710732 0.88361802 114.567916 0.07705162 0.60021401 1.66607239
43.0996315634 0.2776992445 2.5007280117 0.399883552 60.339189404 0.1935223162 1.714783379 0.58316404 84.47445247 0.128753892 1.097718851 0.91098007 118.263656 0.07339276 0.5648225 1.77046771
44.4464950497 0.2720374443 2.446831312 0.4086918436 62.2247890729 0.189171228 1.672989311 0.59773245 87.11427911 0.125044389 1.061922347 0.94168844 121.959395 0.06956404 0.52778799 1.89470017
45.7933585361 0.2660586109 2.3899166595 0.4184246325 64.1103887417 0.1845842426 1.62892935 0.61390017 89.75410575 0.121147877 1.024321219 0.97625626 125.655134 0.06556546 0.48911049 2.04452782
47.1402220224 0.2597627442 2.3299840542 0.4291874866 65.9959884106 0.1797613598 1.582603493 0.63187021 92.39393239 0.117064356 0.984915468 1.01531556 129.350873 0.06139703 0.44878999 2.22821371
48.4870855088 0.2531498443 2.267033496 0.4411050837 67.8815880795 0.1747025798 1.534011742 0.65188549 95.03375903 0.112793827 0.943705093 1.05965307 133.046613 0.05705874 0.40682649 2.45805038
49.8339489952 0.2462199111 2.2010649849 0.4543255228 69.7671877484 0.1694079025 1.483154097 0.67423877 97.67358567 0.108336289 0.900690095 1.11025979 136.742352 0.05255059 0.36321999 2.75315243
51.1808124815 0.2389729447 2.132078521 0.4690258779 71.6527874172 0.1638773279 1.430030557 0.69928576 100.3134123 0.103691742 0.855870474 1.1684011 140.438091 0.04787258 0.3179705 3.14494585
52.5276759679 0.231408945 2.0600741043 0.4854194312 73.5383870861 0.158110856 1.374641122 0.7274626 102.9532389 0.098860187 0.809246229 1.23571784 144.13383 0.04302472 0.27107801 3.688975
53.8745394542 0.2235279121 1.9850517347 0.503765208 75.423986755 0.1521084868 1.316985793 0.75930963 105.5930656 0.093841623 0.76081736 1.3143759 147.82957 0.038007 0.22254252 4.49352323
55.2214029406 0.2153298459 1.9070114122 0.5243807109 77.3095864239 0.1458702203 1.257064569 0.79550409 108.2328922 0.08863605 0.710583868 1.40729342 151.525309 0.03281942 0.17236404 5.80167414
56.5682664269 0.2068147465 1.8259531369 0.5476591813 79.1951860927 0.1393960565 1.194877451 0.83690591 110.8727189 0.083243469 0.658545753 1.51849738 155.221048 0.02746199 0.12054256 8.29582501
57.9151299133 0.1979826138 1.7418769088 0.5740933788 81.0807857616 0.1326859955 1.130424438 0.88462348 113.5125455 0.077663879 0.604703014 1.65370434 158.916787 0.0219347 0.06707809 14.9079984
59.2619933996 0.1888334478 1.6547827278 0.6043089423 82.9663854305 0.1257400371 1.06370553 0.94010981 116.1523721 0.07189728 0.549055652 1.821309 162.612527 0.01623755 0.01197061 83.5379082
60.608856886 0.1793672486 1.564670594 0.6391121581 84.8519850994 0.1185581815 0.994720728 1.00530729 118.7921988 0.065943673 0.491603666 2.03415896 166.308266 0.01037055 -0.0447799 -22.33147
61.9557203724 0.1695840162 1.4715405073 0.6795599544 86.7375847682 0.1111404286 0.923470031 1.08287217 121.4320254 0.059803057 0.432347057 2.31295665 170.004005 0.00433368 -0.1031733 -9.692428

progresie aritmetica
Treapta 1 Treapta 2 Treapta 3 Treapta4

va D a 1/a va D a 1/a va D a 1/a va D a 1/a

13.4686348636 0.3220494355 2.9229133335 0.3421244101 21.2982207095 0.2029504632 1.809028294 0.55278295 29.12780656 0.147317369 1.277957515 0.78249863 36.9573924 0.11465075 0.96390353 1.03744822
14.8154983499 0.3233623669 2.9354115965 0.3406677282 23.4280427804 0.2036320257 1.815588351 0.55078564 32.04058721 0.14758897 1.280580718 0.78089572 40.6531316 0.11455889 0.96301495 1.03840548
16.1623618363 0.324358265 2.9448919067 0.3395710375 25.5578648514 0.2040989386 1.820082401 0.54942567 34.95336787 0.147682025 1.281479462 0.78034805 44.3488709 0.11429717 0.96048337 1.04114244
17.5092253226 0.3250371299 2.951354264 0.3388275044 27.6876869223 0.2043512019 1.822510441 0.5486937 37.86614852 0.147596531 1.280653746 0.78085119 48.0446101 0.11386559 0.9563088 1.04568734
18.856088809 0.3253989615 2.9547986684 0.3384325337 29.8175089933 0.2043888155 1.822872474 0.54858473 40.77892918 0.147332491 1.278103571 0.78240921 51.7403494 0.11326415 0.95049122 1.05208757
20.2029522953 0.3254437598 2.9552251201 0.3383836965 31.9473310642 0.2042117795 1.821168498 0.54909801 43.69170983 0.146889903 1.273828935 0.78503477 55.4360886 0.11249286 0.94303066 1.06041091
21.5498157817 0.325171525 2.9526336188 0.3386806929 34.0771531352 0.2038200939 1.817398513 0.55023705 46.60449049 0.146268768 1.26782984 0.78874938 59.1318278 0.11155171 0.93392709 1.0707474
22.896679268 0.3245822568 2.9470241647 0.3393253479 36.2069752061 0.2032137587 1.81156252 0.55200965 49.51727114 0.145469085 1.260106285 0.79358385 62.8275671 0.1104407 0.92318053 1.08321175
24.2435427544 0.3236759554 2.9383967578 0.3403216388 38.336797277 0.2023927739 1.803660519 0.55442806 52.4300518 0.144490855 1.25065827 0.79957893 66.5233063 0.10915984 0.91079097 1.09794676
25.5904062408 0.3224526208 2.926751398 0.3416757572 40.466619348 0.2013571394 1.793692509 0.55750916 55.34283246 0.143334078 1.239485795 0.80678617 70.2190456 0.10770912 0.89675842 1.11512753
26.9372697271 0.3209122529 2.9120880854 0.343396206 42.5964414189 0.2001068553 1.781658491 0.56127479 58.25561311 0.141998753 1.226588861 0.8152691 73.9147848 0.10608854 0.88108286 1.13496703
28.2841332135 0.3190548517 2.8944068199 0.3454939344 44.7262634899 0.1986419216 1.767558464 0.56575215 61.16839377 0.14048488 1.211967466 0.82510466 77.610524 0.10429811 0.86376432 1.15772321
29.6309966998 0.3168804173 2.8737076016 0.3479825155 46.8560855608 0.1969623382 1.751392429 0.57097426 64.08117442 0.138792461 1.195621612 0.83638501 81.3062633 0.10233782 0.84480277 1.18370824
30.9778601862 0.3143889497 2.8499904304 0.3508783711 48.9859076318 0.1950681053 1.733160386 0.57698065 66.99395508 0.136921494 1.177551298 0.8492199 85.0020025 0.10020767 0.82419823 1.21330035
32.3247236725 0.3115804488 2.8232553064 0.3542010521 51.1157297027 0.1929592227 1.712862334 0.58381808 69.90673573 0.134871979 1.157756525 0.86373946 88.6977418 0.09790766 0.80195069 1.24695946
33.6715871589 0.3084549146 2.7935022295 0.3579735822 53.2455517737 0.1906356905 1.690498273 0.59154157 72.81951639 0.132643918 1.136237291 0.88009785 92.393481 0.0954378 0.77806016 1.28524767
35.0184506452 0.3050123472 2.7607311998 0.3622228778 55.3753738446 0.1880975087 1.666068204 0.60021552 75.73229704 0.130237308 1.112993598 0.89847776 96.0892202 0.09279808 0.75252662 1.32885664
36.3653141316 0.3012527466 2.7249422172 0.3669802588 57.5051959156 0.1853446772 1.639572127 0.60991522 78.6450777 0.127652152 1.088025445 0.91909615 99.7849595 0.0899885 0.7253501 1.37864461
37.712177618 0.2971761126 2.6861352818 0.3722820689 59.6350179865 0.1823771961 1.611010042 0.6207286 81.55785836 0.124888448 1.061332833 0.9422115 103.480699 0.08700907 0.69653057 1.43568716
39.0590411043 0.2927824455 2.6443103936 0.3781704305 61.7648400575 0.1791950654 1.580381947 0.63275843 84.47063901 0.121946196 1.03291576 0.96813316 107.176438 0.08385978 0.66606805 1.5013481
40.4059045907 0.2880717451 2.5994675525 0.3846941652 63.8946621284 0.1757982851 1.547687845 0.64612512 87.38341967 0.118825398 1.002774228 0.99723345 110.872177 0.08054063 0.63396253 1.57738029
41.752768077 0.2830440114 2.5516067585 0.3919099198 66.0244841994 0.1721868552 1.512927734 0.6609701 90.29620032 0.115526051 0.970908236 1.02996345 114.567916 0.07705162 0.60021401 1.66607239
43.0996315634 0.2776992445 2.5007280117 0.399883552 68.1543062703 0.1683607756 1.476101615 0.67746014 93.20898098 0.112048158 0.937317784 1.06687403 118.263656 0.07339276 0.5648225 1.77046771
44.4464950497 0.2720374443 2.446831312 0.4086918436 70.2841283413 0.1643200464 1.437209487 0.69579279 96.12176163 0.108391717 0.902002872 1.10864392 121.959395 0.06956404 0.52778799 1.89470017
45.7933585361 0.2660586109 2.3899166595 0.4184246325 72.4139504122 0.1600646676 1.396251351 0.71620343 99.03454229 0.104556729 0.8649635 1.15611815 125.655134 0.06556546 0.48911049 2.04452782
47.1402220224 0.2597627442 2.3299840542 0.4291874866 74.5437724831 0.1555946391 1.353227206 0.73897421 101.9473229 0.100543193 0.826199669 1.21036117 129.350873 0.06139703 0.44878999 2.22821371
48.4870855088 0.2531498443 2.267033496 0.4411050837 76.6735945541 0.1509099611 1.308137053 0.76444589 104.8601036 0.09635111 0.785711378 1.27273198 133.046613 0.05705874 0.40682649 2.45805038
49.8339489952 0.2462199111 2.2010649849 0.4543255228 78.803416625 0.1460106334 1.260980891 0.79303343 107.7728843 0.091980479 0.743498627 1.3449924 136.742352 0.05255059 0.36321999 2.75315243
51.1808124815 0.2389729447 2.132078521 0.4690258779 80.933238696 0.1408966561 1.211758721 0.82524679 110.6856649 0.087431301 0.699561417 1.42946706 140.438091 0.04787258 0.3179705 3.14494585
52.5276759679 0.231408945 2.0600741043 0.4854194312 83.0630607669 0.1355680292 1.160470543 0.86171942 113.5984456 0.082703576 0.653899746 1.52928642 144.13383 0.04302472 0.27107801 3.688975
53.8745394542 0.2235279121 1.9850517347 0.503765208 85.1928828379 0.1300247526 1.107116356 0.90324743 116.5112262 0.077797303 0.606513616 1.6487676 147.82957 0.038007 0.22254252 4.49352323
55.2214029406 0.2153298459 1.9070114122 0.5243807109 87.3227049088 0.1242668264 1.051696161 0.95084497 119.4240069 0.072712483 0.557403026 1.79403403 151.525309 0.03281942 0.17236404 5.80167414
56.5682664269 0.2068147465 1.8259531369 0.5476591813 89.4525269798 0.1182942506 0.994209957 1.00582376 122.3367875 0.067449116 0.506567976 1.97406873 155.221048 0.02746199 0.12054256 8.29582501
57.9151299133 0.1979826138 1.7418769088 0.5740933788 91.5823490507 0.1121070252 0.934657745 1.06991036 125.2495682 0.062007201 0.454008467 2.20260209 158.916787 0.0219347 0.06707809 14.9079984
59.2619933996 0.1888334478 1.6547827278 0.6043089423 93.7121711217 0.1057051502 0.873039525 1.14542351 128.1623488 0.056386739 0.399724498 2.50172308 162.612527 0.01623755 0.01197061 83.5379082
60.608856886 0.1793672486 1.564670594 0.6391121581 95.8419931926 0.0990886255 0.809355296 1.23555132 131.0751295 0.050587729 0.343716068 2.90937809 166.308266 0.01037055 -0.0447799 -22.33147
61.9557203724 0.1695840162 1.4715405073 0.6795599544 97.9718152636 0.0922574512 0.743605058 1.34479989 133.9879102 0.044610172 0.28598318 3.49670915 170.004005 0.00433368 -0.1031733 -9.692428

Diagrama variatei acceleratei (pr. geometrica ) Diagrama variatei acceleratei (pr. aritmetca )
4.5 4.5

4 4

3.5 3.5

3 3
I I
2.5 II 2.5 II
III III
2 IV 2 IV
a
a

aphi0.8 aphi0.8
1.5 aphi0.35 1.5 aphi0.35

1 1

0.5 0.5

0 0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

-0.5 -0.5

Va Va

Diagrama inversa acceleratei (pr. geometrica ) Diagrama inversa acceleratei (pr. aritmetca )
5
5
4.5
4.5
4
4
3.5
3.5
3
3 I I
II II
2.5
1/a

2.5 III III

1/a

Column P Column P
2
2

1.5 1.5

1 1

0.5 0.5

0 0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160

Va Va

phi=0.8 phi=0.35
ψ va Dphi aphi Dphi aphi
0.015 0 0.424 3.8934171996 0.1855 1.6230504463
0.015 10 0.4237910406 3.8914280408 0.1852910406 1.6210612875
0.015 20 0.4231641626 3.8854605646 0.1846641626 1.6150938113
0.015 30 0.4221193658 3.8755147708 0.1836193658 1.6051480175
0.015 40 0.4206566504 3.8615906595 0.1821566504 1.5912239062
0.015 50 0.4187760162 3.8436882307 0.1802760162 1.5733214774
0.015 60 0.4164774634 3.8218074844 0.1779774634 1.5514407311
0.015 70 0.4137609918 3.7959484206 0.1752609918 1.5255816673
0.015 80 0.4106266015 3.7661110393 0.1721266015 1.495744286
0.015 90 0.4070742926 3.7322953405 0.1685742926 1.4619285872
0.015 100 0.4031040649 3.6945013241 0.1646040649 1.4241345708
0.015 110 0.3987159185 3.6527289903 0.1602159185 1.382362237
0.015 120 0.3939098535 3.606978339 0.1554098535 1.3366115856
0.015 130 0.3886858697 3.5572493701 0.1501858697 1.2868826168
0.015 140 0.3830439672 3.5035420837 0.1445439672 1.2331753304
0.015 150 0.3769841461 3.4458564798 0.1384841461 1.1754897265
0.015 160 0.3705064062 3.3841925585 0.1320064062 1.1138258051
0.015 170 0.3636107476 3.3185503196 0.1251107476 1.0481835663

progresie geometrica
α phi f ψ
5 0.7 0.018 0.102098663
Treapta 1 Treapta 2 Treapta 3

va D a 1/a va D a 1/a va D a 1/a

13.4686348636 0.3220494355 2.0937900244 0.4776028104 18.8559966887 0.2295642419 1.224361527 0.81675222 26.3982664 0.16304977 0.588174859 1.70017467
14.8154983499 0.3233623669 2.1062882874 0.4747688177 20.7415963576 0.2304028941 1.232417141 0.81141358 29.03809304 0.163454458 0.592080071 1.68896075
16.1623618363 0.324358265 2.1157685975 0.4726414794 22.6271960265 0.231005649 1.23820686 0.8076195 31.67791968 0.163672137 0.59418066 1.68298982
17.5092253226 0.3250371299 2.1222309548 0.4712022496 24.5127956954 0.2313725066 1.241730685 0.80532761 34.31774632 0.163702807 0.594476625 1.68215193
18.856088809 0.3253989615 2.1256753593 0.4704387223 26.3983953642 0.2315034669 1.242988615 0.8045126 36.95757296 0.163546468 0.592967966 1.68643174
20.2029522953 0.3254437598 2.1261018109 0.4703443621 28.2839950331 0.2313985299 1.24198065 0.80516552 39.59739959 0.163203121 0.589654685 1.69590784
21.5498157817 0.325171525 2.1235103097 0.4709183635 30.169594702 0.2310576957 1.238706791 0.80729355 42.23722623 0.162672765 0.584536779 1.71075634
22.896679268 0.3245822568 2.1179008556 0.4721656339 32.0551943709 0.2304809641 1.233167037 0.81092015 44.87705287 0.161955401 0.57761425 1.73125923
24.2435427544 0.3236759554 2.1092734487 0.4740968985 33.9407940397 0.2296683353 1.225361388 0.81608578 47.51687951 0.161051027 0.568887098 1.75781803
25.5904062408 0.3224526208 2.0976280889 0.4767289327 35.8263937086 0.2286198092 1.215289846 0.82284897 50.15670615 0.159959646 0.558355322 1.79097424
26.9372697271 0.3209122529 2.0829647763 0.4800849306 37.7119933775 0.2273353857 1.202952408 0.83128808 52.79653279 0.158681255 0.546018923 1.83143836
28.2841332135 0.3190548517 2.0652835108 0.4841950245 39.5975930464 0.225815065 1.188349076 0.84150358 55.43635943 0.157215856 0.531877901 1.88013076
29.6309966998 0.3168804173 2.0445842925 0.4890969786 41.4831927152 0.224058847 1.171479849 0.85362117 58.07618607 0.155563448 0.515932254 1.93823897
30.9778601862 0.3143889497 2.0208671213 0.4948370872 43.3687923841 0.2220667317 1.152344728 0.86779587 60.71601271 0.153724031 0.498181985 2.0072986
32.3247236725 0.3115804488 1.9941319973 0.5014713175 45.254392053 0.2198387192 1.130943712 0.8842173 63.35583935 0.151697606 0.478627092 2.08930923
33.6715871589 0.3084549146 1.9643789204 0.5090667537 47.1399917219 0.2173748093 1.107276801 0.90311655 65.99566599 0.149484172 0.457267575 2.18690337
35.0184506452 0.3050123472 1.9316078907 0.5177034143 49.0255913907 0.2146750022 1.081343996 0.9247751 68.63549263 0.147083729 0.434103435 2.30359845
36.3653141316 0.3012527466 1.8958189081 0.527476541 50.9111910596 0.2117392977 1.053145297 0.9495366 71.27531927 0.144496278 0.409134672 2.44418298
37.712177618 0.2971761126 1.8570119727 0.5384994899 52.7967907285 0.208567696 1.022680702 0.9778223 73.91514591 0.141721818 0.382361285 2.61532754
39.0590411043 0.2927824455 1.8151870844 0.5509074015 54.6823903974 0.205160197 0.989950214 1.01015181 76.55497255 0.13876035 0.353783275 2.82658925
40.4059045907 0.2880717451 1.7703442433 0.5648618927 56.5679900662 0.2015168007 0.95495383 1.04717104 79.19479919 0.135611872 0.323400641 3.09213982
41.752768077 0.2830440114 1.7224834494 0.5805571022 58.4535897351 0.1976375071 0.917691552 1.08969075 81.83462583 0.132276387 0.291213383 3.43390811
43.0996315634 0.2776992445 1.6716047025 0.5982275585 60.339189404 0.1935223162 0.87816338 1.13874027 84.47445247 0.128753892 0.257221503 3.88769986
44.4464950497 0.2720374443 1.6177080029 0.6181585294 62.2247890729 0.189171228 0.836369313 1.19564406 87.11427911 0.125044389 0.221424998 4.51620191
45.7933585361 0.2660586109 1.5607933504 0.6406998081 64.1103887417 0.1845842426 0.792309351 1.26213328 89.75410575 0.121147877 0.183823871 5.4399899
47.1402220224 0.2597627442 1.500860745 0.6662843327 65.9959884106 0.1797613598 0.745983495 1.34051223 92.39393239 0.117064356 0.14441812 6.92433887
48.4870855088 0.2531498443 1.4379101868 0.695453728 67.8815880795 0.1747025798 0.697391744 1.43391431 95.03375903 0.112793827 0.103207745 9.68919532
49.8339489952 0.2462199111 1.3719416758 0.7288939593 69.7671877484 0.1694079025 0.646534098 1.54670883 97.67358567 0.108336289 0.060192747 16.6132973
51.1808124815 0.2389729447 1.3029552119 0.7674860892 71.6527874172 0.1638773279 0.593410558 1.68517393 100.3134123 0.103691742 0.015373125 65.0485814
52.5276759679 0.231408945 1.2309507951 0.8123801568 73.5383870861 0.158110856 0.538021123 1.85866308 102.9532389 0.098860187 -0.03125112 -31.9988536
53.8745394542 0.2235279121 1.1559284255 0.8651054667 75.423986755 0.1521084868 0.480365794 2.08174689 105.5930656 0.093841623 -0.07967999 -12.5502027
55.2214029406 0.2153298459 1.0778881031 0.9277400846 77.3095864239 0.1458702203 0.42044457 2.37843481 108.2328922 0.08863605 -0.12991348 -7.69743063
56.5682664269 0.2068147465 0.9968298278 1.0031802542 79.1951860927 0.1393960565 0.358257452 2.79128876 110.8727189 0.083243469 -0.1819516 -5.4959672
57.9151299133 0.1979826138 0.9127535997 1.0955859285 81.0807857616 0.1326859955 0.293804439 3.40362454 113.5125455 0.077663879 -0.23579433 -4.240984
59.2619933996 0.1888334478 0.8256594187 1.211153143 82.9663854305 0.1257400371 0.227085532 4.4036271 116.1523721 0.07189728 -0.2914417 -3.43121802
60.608856886 0.1793672486 0.7355472848 1.3595319032 84.8519850994 0.1185581815 0.158100729 6.32508151 118.7921988 0.065943673 -0.34889368 -2.86620266
61.9557203724 0.1695840162 0.6424171981 1.5566208422 86.7375847682 0.1111404286 0.086850033 11.5141005 121.4320254 0.059803057 -0.40815029 -2.45007788

inversa acceleratei pr geometrica alfa=5 diag acceleratilor, pr. geometrica pt alfa= 5

4
3.5

3.5 3

3 2.5

2.5 2
1
1
2
accelerata

2 Column H 1.5
1/a

3
Column L
1 phi0.8
1.5 phi0.35
0.5
1
0
0.5 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
-0.5
0
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 -1
viteza viteza

progresie aritmetica
α phi f ψ
5 0.7 0.01760126 0.102098663
Treapta 1 Treapta 2 Treapta 3

va D a 1/a va D a 1/a va D a 1/a

13.4686348636 0.3220494355 2.0937900244 0.4776028104 21.2982207095 0.2029504632 0.970701304 1.03018302 29.12780656 0.147317369 0.436734686 2.28971967
14.8154983499 0.3233623669 2.1062882874 0.4747688177 23.4280427804 0.2036320257 0.977261361 1.02326771 32.04058721 0.14758897 0.439357889 2.27604881
16.1623618363 0.324358265 2.1157685975 0.4726414794 25.5578648514 0.2040989386 0.98175541 1.01858364 34.95336787 0.147682025 0.440256633 2.27140246
17.5092253226 0.3250371299 2.1222309548 0.4712022496 27.6876869223 0.2043512019 0.984183451 1.01607073 37.86614852 0.147596531 0.439430917 2.27567056
18.856088809 0.3253989615 2.1256753593 0.4704387223 29.8175089933 0.2043888155 0.984545484 1.01569711 40.77892918 0.147332491 0.436880741 2.28895418
20.2029522953 0.3254437598 2.1261018109 0.4703443621 31.9473310642 0.2042117795 0.982841507 1.01745805 43.69170983 0.146889903 0.432606106 2.31157163
21.5498157817 0.325171525 2.1235103097 0.4709183635 34.0771531352 0.2038200939 0.979071523 1.02137584 46.60449049 0.146268768 0.426607011 2.34407775
22.896679268 0.3245822568 2.1179008556 0.4721656339 36.2069752061 0.2032137587 0.97323553 1.02750051 49.51727114 0.145469085 0.418883455 2.38729887
24.2435427544 0.3236759554 2.1092734487 0.4740968985 38.336797277 0.2023927739 0.965333529 1.03591139 52.4300518 0.144490855 0.409435441 2.4423875
25.5904062408 0.3224526208 2.0976280889 0.4767289327 40.466619348 0.2013571394 0.955365519 1.04671979 55.34283246 0.143334078 0.398262966 2.51090381
26.9372697271 0.3209122529 2.0829647763 0.4800849306 42.5964414189 0.2001068553 0.943331501 1.06007273 58.25561311 0.141998753 0.385366031 2.59493551
28.2841332135 0.3190548517 2.0652835108 0.4841950245 44.7262634899 0.1986419216 0.929231474 1.07615812 61.16839377 0.14048488 0.370744637 2.69727435
29.6309966998 0.3168804173 2.0445842925 0.4890969786 46.8560855608 0.1969623382 0.913065439 1.09521175 64.08117442 0.138792461 0.354398783 2.82168012
30.9778601862 0.3143889497 2.0208671213 0.4948370872 48.9859076318 0.1950681053 0.894833395 1.11752646 66.99395508 0.136921494 0.336328469 2.97328383
32.3247236725 0.3115804488 1.9941319973 0.5014713175 51.1157297027 0.1929592227 0.874535343 1.14346436 69.90673573 0.134871979 0.316533696 3.15922132
33.6715871589 0.3084549146 1.9643789204 0.5090667537 53.2455517737 0.1906356905 0.852171283 1.17347301 72.81951639 0.132643918 0.295014462 3.38966433
35.0184506452 0.3050123472 1.9316078907 0.5177034143 55.3753738446 0.1880975087 0.827741214 1.20810705 75.73229704 0.130237308 0.271770769 3.67957159
36.3653141316 0.3012527466 1.8958189081 0.527476541 57.5051959156 0.1853446772 0.801245137 1.2480575 78.6450777 0.127652152 0.246802616 4.05182091
37.712177618 0.2971761126 1.8570119727 0.5384994899 59.6350179865 0.1823771961 0.772683051 1.29419171 81.55785836 0.124888448 0.220110003 4.54318289
39.0590411043 0.2927824455 1.8151870844 0.5509074015 61.7648400575 0.1791950654 0.742054957 1.34760908 84.47063901 0.121946196 0.191692931 5.21667646
40.4059045907 0.2880717451 1.7703442433 0.5648618927 63.8946621284 0.1757982851 0.709360855 1.40971974 87.38341967 0.118825398 0.161551398 6.18998046
41.752768077 0.2830440114 1.7224834494 0.5805571022 66.0244841994 0.1721868552 0.674600744 1.48235828 90.29620032 0.115526051 0.129685406 7.71096786
43.0996315634 0.2776992445 1.6716047025 0.5982275585 68.1543062703 0.1683607756 0.637774624 1.567952 93.20898098 0.112048158 0.096094954 10.4063736
44.4464950497 0.2720374443 1.6177080029 0.6181585294 70.2841283413 0.1643200464 0.598882497 1.66977663 96.12176163 0.108391717 0.060780043 16.4527689
45.7933585361 0.2660586109 1.5607933504 0.6406998081 72.4139504122 0.1600646676 0.55792436 1.79235766 99.03454229 0.104556729 0.023740671 42.1218081
47.1402220224 0.2597627442 1.500860745 0.6662843327 74.5437724831 0.1555946391 0.514900216 1.94212387 101.9473229 0.100543193 -0.01502316 -66.5638921
48.4870855088 0.2531498443 1.4379101868 0.695453728 76.6735945541 0.1509099611 0.469810063 2.12851976 104.8601036 0.09635111 -0.05551145 -18.0143012
49.8339489952 0.2462199111 1.3719416758 0.7288939593 78.803416625 0.1460106334 0.422653901 2.36600206 107.7728843 0.091980479 -0.0977242 -10.2328797
51.1808124815 0.2389729447 1.3029552119 0.7674860892 80.933238696 0.1408966561 0.373431731 2.67786563 110.6856649 0.087431301 -0.14166141 -7.05908534
52.5276759679 0.231408945 1.2309507951 0.8123801568 83.0630607669 0.1355680292 0.322143553 3.10420616 113.5984456 0.082703576 -0.18732308 -5.3383704
53.8745394542 0.2235279121 1.1559284255 0.8651054667 85.1928828379 0.1300247526 0.268789366 3.72038528 116.5112262 0.077797303 -0.23470921 -4.26059117
55.2214029406 0.2153298459 1.0778881031 0.9277400846 87.3227049088 0.1242668264 0.213369171 4.68671269 119.4240069 0.072712483 -0.2838198 -3.52336232
56.5682664269 0.2068147465 0.9968298278 1.0031802542 89.4525269798 0.1182942506 0.155882967 6.41506906 122.3367875 0.067449116 -0.33465485 -2.98815329
57.9151299133 0.1979826138 0.9127535997 1.0955859285 91.5823490507 0.1121070252 0.096330755 10.3809007 125.2495682 0.062007201 -0.38721436 -2.58254883
59.2619933996 0.1888334478 0.8256594187 1.211153143 93.7121711217 0.1057051502 0.034712535 28.8080376 128.1623488 0.056386739 -0.44149833 -2.26501422
60.608856886 0.1793672486 0.7355472848 1.3595319032 95.8419931926 0.0990886255 -0.028971694 -34.5164486 131.0751295 0.050587729 -0.49750676 -2.01002294
61.9557203724 0.1695840162 0.6424171981 1.5566208422 97.9718152636 0.0922574512 -0.094721932 -10.5572171 133.9879102 0.044610172 -0.55523965 -1.80102412

diag acceleratilor pr. aritmetca, alfa=5 4.5

invers accelerate pr aritmetca alfa=5
3.5
4
3
3.5
2.5
3

1/a
2
1
2.5 1
1.5 2
accelerata

Column H
3
Column L
phi0.8 2
1
phi0.35
1.5
0.5

1
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

-0.5 0.5

-1 0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
viteza viteza

phi=0.8 phi=0.35
ψ va Dphi aphi Dphi aphi
0.1020986632 0 0.424 3.0642938905 0.1855 0.8011055934
0.1020986632 10 0.4237910406 3.0623047317 0.1852910406 0.7990984492
0.1020986632 20 0.4231641626 3.0563372554 0.1846641626 0.7930770168
0.1020986632 30 0.4221193658 3.0463914617 0.1836193658 0.7830412961
0.1020986632 40 0.4206566504 3.0324673504 0.1821566504 0.7689912871
0.1020986632 50 0.4187760162 3.0145649216 0.1802760162 0.7509269898
0.1020986632 60 0.4164774634 2.9926841753 0.1779774634 0.7288484042
0.1020986632 70 0.4137609918 2.9668251115 0.1752609918 0.7027555303
0.1020986632 80 0.4106266015 2.9369877302 0.1721266015 0.6726483682
0.1020986632 90 0.4070742926 2.9031720313 0.1685742926 0.6385269177
0.1020986632 100 0.4031040649 2.865378015 0.1646040649 0.600391179
0.1020986632 110 0.3987159185 2.8236056812 0.1602159185 0.5582411519
0.1020986632 120 0.3939098535 2.7778550298 0.1554098535 0.5120768366
0.1020986632 130 0.3886858697 2.728126061 0.1501858697 0.461898233
0.1020986632 140 0.3830439672 2.6744187746 0.1445439672 0.4077053411
0.1020986632 150 0.3769841461 2.6167331707 0.1384841461 0.3494981609
0.1020986632 160 0.3705064062 2.5550692493 0.1320064062 0.2872766924
0.1020986632 170 0.3636107476 2.4894270104 0.1251107476 0.2210409357

Timpul si spatul de demarare al autovehiculului

Treapta I α=0

va 1/ai 1/ai+1 dv ΔTi td

13.4686348636 0.3421244101 0.3406677282 1.3468634864 0.1277260833 0.1277260833
14.8154983499 0.3406677282 0.3395710375 1.3468634864 0.1272484383 0.2549745216
16.1623618363 0.3395710375 0.3388275044 1.3468634864 0.126904198 0.3818787195
17.5092253226 0.3388275044 0.3384325337 1.3468634864 0.1266912245 0.508569944
18.856088809 0.3384325337 0.3383836965 1.3468634864 0.1266082038 0.6351781478
20.2029522953 0.3383836965 0.3386806929 1.3468634864 0.1266546256 0.7618327734
21.5498157817 0.3386806929 0.3393253479 1.3468634864 0.126830775 0.8886635484
tmpul de demarare alfa=0
22.896679268 0.3393253479 0.3403216388 1.3468634864 0.1271377375 1.0158012859
24.2435427544 0.3403216388 0.3416757572 1.3468634864 0.1275774153 1.1433787012 6
25.5904062408 0.3416757572 0.343396206 1.3468634864 0.1281525573 1.2715312585
26.9372697271 0.343396206 0.3454939344 1.3468634864 0.1288668022 1.4003980608
5
28.2841332135 0.3454939344 0.3479825155 1.3468634864 0.1297247374 1.5301227981
29.6309966998 0.3479825155 0.3508783711 1.3468634864 0.1307319736 1.6608547718
30.9778601862 0.3508783711 0.3542010521 1.3468634864 0.1318952403 1.7927500121 4
32.3247236725 0.3542010521 0.3579735822 1.3468634864 0.1332225015 1.9259725136
33.6715871589 0.3579735822 0.3622228778 1.3468634864 0.1347230993 2.0606956129
35.0184506452 0.3622228778 0.3669802588 1.3468634864 0.1364079276 2.1971035405 3 Column F
td

36.3653141316 0.3669802588 0.3722820689 1.3468634864 0.1382896439 2.3353931844

37.712177618 0.3722820689 0.3781704305 1.3468634864 0.1403829263 2.4757761107
39.0590411043 0.3781704305 0.3846941652 1.3468634864 0.1427047874 2.6184808981 2
40.4059045907 0.3846941652 0.3919099198 1.3468634864 0.1452749563 2.7637558544
41.752768077 0.3919099198 0.399883552 1.3468634864 0.1481163494 2.9118722038
1
43.0996315634 0.399883552 0.4086918436 1.3468634864 0.1512556495 3.0631278533
44.4464950497 0.4086918436 0.4184246325 1.3468634864 0.1547240251 3.2178518784
45.7933585361 0.4184246325 0.4291874866 1.3468634864 0.1585580297 3.3764099081 0
10 20 30 40 50 60 70
47.1402220224 0.4291874866 0.4411050837 1.3468634864 0.1628007341 3.5392106422
48.4870855088 0.4411050837 0.4543255228 1.3468634864 0.1675031651 3.7067138073 Va
49.8339489952 0.4543255228 0.4690258779 1.3468634864 0.1727261509 3.8794399582
51.1808124815 0.4690258779 0.4854194312 1.3468634864 0.1785427134 4.0579826716
52.5276759679 0.4854194312 0.503765208 1.3468634864 0.1850412044 4.243023876
53.8745394542 0.503765208 0.5243807109 1.3468634864 0.1923294718 4.4353533478
55.2214029406 0.5243807109 0.5476591813 1.3468634864 0.2005404704 4.6358938182
56.5682664269 0.5476591813 0.5740933788 1.3468634864 0.2098399394 4.8457337576
57.9151299133 0.5740933788 0.6043089423 1.3468634864 0.2204370915 5.0661708491
59.2619933996 0.6043089423 0.6391121581 1.3468634864 0.2325997887 5.2987706377
60.608856886 0.6391121581 0.6795599544 1.3468634864 0.246676572 5.5454472098
61.9557203724 0.6795599544

Pentru toate treptele de viteza

α=0
Va 1/ai 1+ai+1 dv ΔTi td α=5
0 0 0 0 1/ai 1/ai+1 dv ΔTi td
13.4686348636 0.3421244101 0.3406677282 1.3468634864 0.1277260833 0.1277260833 0
14.8154983499 0.3406677282 0.3395710375 1.3468634864 0.1272484383 0.2549745216 0.47760281 0.474768818 1.346863486 0.1781548 0.1781548
16.1623618363 0.3395710375 0.3388275044 1.3468634864 0.126904198 0.3818787195 0.474768818 0.472641479 1.346863486 0.17722671 0.35538151
17.5092253226 0.3388275044 0.3384325337 1.3468634864 0.1266912245 0.508569944 0.472641479 0.47120225 1.346863486 0.17655954 0.53194105
18.856088809 0.3384325337 0.3383836965 1.3468634864 0.1266082038 0.6351781478 0.47120225 0.470438722 1.346863486 0.17614748 0.70808853
20.2029522953 0.3383836965 0.3386806929 1.3468634864 0.1266546256 0.7618327734 0.470438722 0.470344362 1.346863486 0.175987 0.88407553
21.5498157817 0.3386806929 0.3393253479 1.3468634864 0.126830775 0.8886635484 0.470344362 0.470918364 1.346863486 0.17607672 1.06015225
22.896679268 0.3393253479 0.3403216388 1.3468634864 0.1271377375 1.0158012859 0.470918364 0.472165634 1.346863486 0.17641742 1.23656966
24.2435427544 0.3403216388 0.3416757572 1.3468634864 0.1275774153 1.1433787012 0.472165634 0.474096898 1.346863486 0.17701201 1.41358167
25.5904062408 0.3416757572 0.343396206 1.3468634864 0.1281525573 1.2715312585 0.474096898 0.476728933 1.346863486 0.17786564 1.59144731
26.9372697271 0.343396206 0.3454939344 1.3468634864 0.1288668022 1.4003980608 0.476728933 0.480084931 1.346863486 0.17898579 1.7704331
28.2841332135 0.3454939344 0.3479825155 1.3468634864 0.1297247374 1.5301227981 0.480084931 0.484195024 1.346863486 0.18038243 1.95081552
29.6309966998 0.3479825155 0.3508783711 1.3468634864 0.1307319736 1.6608547718 0.484195024 0.489096979 1.346863486 0.18206826 2.13288378
30.9778601862 0.3508783711 0.3542010521 1.3468634864 0.1318952403 1.7927500121 0.489096979 0.494837087 1.346863486 0.18405901 2.31694279
32.3247236725 0.3542010521 0.3579735822 1.3468634864 0.1332225015 1.9259725136 0.494837087 0.501471318 1.346863486 0.18637381 2.5033166
33.6715871589 0.3579735822 0.3622228778 1.3468634864 0.1347230993 2.0606956129 0.501471318 0.509066754 1.346863486 0.18903567 2.69235227
35.0184506452 0.3622228778 0.3669802588 1.3468634864 0.1364079276 2.1971035405 0.509066754 0.517703414 1.346863486 0.19207212 2.88442438
36.3653141316 0.3669802588 0.3722820689 1.3468634864 0.1382896439 2.3353931844 0.517703414 0.527476541 1.346863486 0.19551593 3.07994032
37.712177618 0.3722820689 0.3781704305 1.3468634864 0.1403829263 2.4757761107 0.527476541 0.53849949 1.346863486 0.19940614 3.27934646
39.0590411043 0.3781704305 0.3846941652 1.3468634864 0.1427047874 2.6184808981 0.53849949 0.550907402 1.346863486 0.20378922 3.48313567
40.4059045907 0.3846941652 0.3919099198 1.3468634864 0.1452749563 2.7637558544 0.550907402 0.564861893 1.346863486 0.20872068 3.69185636
41.752768077 0.3919099198 0.399883552 1.3468634864 0.1481163494 2.9118722038 0.564861893 0.580557102 1.346863486 0.21426709 3.90612344
43.0996315634 0.399883552 0.4086918436 1.3468634864 0.1512556495 3.0631278533 0.580557102 0.598227559 1.346863486 0.22050861 4.12663206
44.4464950497 0.4086918436 0.4184246325 1.3468634864 0.1547240251 3.2178518784 0.598227559 0.618158529 1.346863486 0.2275425 4.35417456
45.7933585361 0.4184246325 0.4291874866 1.3468634864 0.1585580297 3.3764099081 0.618158529 0.640699808 1.346863486 0.23548755 4.5896621
47.1402220224 0.4291874866 0.4411050837 1.3468634864 0.1628007341 3.5392106422 0.640699808 0.666284333 1.346863486 0.24449017 4.83415227
48.4870855088 0.4411050837 0.4543255228 1.3468634864 0.1675031651 3.7067138073 0.666284333 0.695453728 1.346863486 0.25473268 5.08888495
49.8339489952 0.4543255228 0.4690258779 1.3468634864 0.1727261509 3.8794399582 0.695453728 0.728893959 1.346863486 0.26644471 5.35532966
51.1808124815 0.4690258779 0.4854194312 1.3468634864 0.1785427134 4.0579826716 0.728893959 0.767486089 1.346863486 0.2799194 5.63524905
52.5276759679 0.4854194312 0.503765208 1.3468634864 0.1850412044 4.243023876 0.767486089 0.812380157 1.346863486 0.29553669 5.93078574
53.8745394542 0.503765208 0.5243807109 1.3468634864 0.1923294718 4.4353533478 0.812380157 0.865105467 1.346863486 0.3137978 6.24458354
55.2214029406 0.5243807109 0.5476591813 1.3468634864 0.2005404704 4.6358938182 0.865105467 0.927740085 1.346863486 0.33537753 6.57996107
56.5682664269 0.5476591813 0.5740933788 1.3468634864 0.2098399394 4.8457337576 0.927740085 1.003180254 1.346863486 0.3612064 6.94116747
57.9151299133 0.5740933788 0.6043089423 1.3468634864 0.2204370915 5.0661708491 1.003180254 1.095585929 1.346863486 0.39260438 7.33377185
59.2619933996 0.6043089423 0.6391121581 1.3468634864 0.2325997887 5.2987706377 1.095585929 1.211153143 1.346863486 0.4315087 7.76528055
60.608856886 0.6391121581 0.6795599544 1.3468634864 0.246676572 5.5454472098 1.211153143 1.359531903 1.346863486 0.48088359 8.24616413
61.9557203724 0.6795599544 0.5700241781 -3.5021306372 -0.6078065103 4.9376406995 1.359531903 1.556620842 1.346863486 0.54550829 8.79167242
58.4535897351 0.5700241781 0.5831640384 1.8855996689 0.3020071277 5.2396478271 1.556620842 0.497983206 -3.50213064 -0.99937386 7.79229856
60.339189404 0.5831640384 0.59773245 1.8855996689 0.3092636149 5.5489114421 0.497983206 0.502774125 1.885599669 0.26208718 8.05438574
62.2247890729 0.59773245 0.6139001671 1.8855996689 0.3173130641 5.8662245062 0.502774125 0.508242755 1.885599669 0.26477404 8.31915978
64.1103887417 0.6139001671 0.6318702089 1.8855996689 0.3262533623 6.1924778685 0.508242755 0.514430601 1.885599669 0.26782674 8.58698652
65.9959884106 0.6318702089 0.6518854923 1.8855996689 0.3362012952 6.5286791637 0.514430601 0.521386221 1.885599669 0.27126887 8.85825539
67.8815880795 0.6518854923 0.674238774 1.8855996689 0.3472971496 6.8759763133 0.521386221 0.529166242 1.885599669 0.27512797 9.13338336
69.7671877484 0.674238774 0.6992857566 1.8855996689 0.35971075 7.2356870633 0.529166242 0.537836617 1.885599669 0.27943614 9.4128195
 71.6527874172 0.6992857566 0.7274625964 1.8855996689 0.3736494753 7.6093365386 0.537836617 0.547474164 1.885599669 0.28423078 9.69705029
73.5383870861 0.7274625964 0.7593096336 1.8855996689 0.389369059 7.9987055976 0.547474164 0.558168457 1.885599669 0.28955547 9.98660576
75.423986755 0.7593096336 0.795504085 1.8855996689 0.4071883657 8.4058939633 0.558168457 0.570024178 1.885599669 0.29546106 10.2820668
77.3095864239 0.795504085 0.8369059097 1.8855996689 0.4275099647 8.8334039279 0.570024178 0.583164038 1.885599669 0.30200713 10.5840739
79.1951860927 0.8369059097 0.8846234799 1.8855996689 0.4508493399 9.2842532678 0.583164038 0.59773245 1.885599669 0.30926361 10.8933376
81.0807857616 0.8846234799 0.9401098062 1.8855996689 0.4778772889 9.7621305567 0.59773245 0.613900167 1.885599669 0.31731306 11.2106506
82.9663854305 0.9401098062 1.0053072904 1.8855996689 0.5094830324 10.2716135891 0.613900167 0.631870209 1.885599669 0.32625336 11.536904
84.8519850994 1.0053072904 1.0828721733 1.8855996689 0.5468709035 10.8184844926 0.631870209 0.651885492 1.885599669 0.3362013 11.8731053
86.7375847682 1.0828721733 0.8836180236 -4.9029589389 -1.3391139846 9.479370508 0.651885492 0.674238774 1.885599669 0.34729715 12.2204024
81.8346258293 0.8836180236 0.910980074 2.6398266397 0.6579760924 10.1373466004 0.674238774 0.699285757 -4.90295894 -0.93532422 11.2850782
84.474452469 0.910980074 0.9416884419 2.6398266397 0.6792671809 10.8166137813 0.699285757 0.727462596 2.63982664 0.52310671 11.8081849
87.1142791087 0.9416884419 0.9762562578 2.6398266397 0.7032002099 11.5198139913 0.727462596 0.759309634 2.63982664 0.54511402 12.3532989
89.7541057483 0.9762562578 1.0153155602 2.6398266397 0.7301950472 12.2500090385 0.759309634 0.795504085 2.63982664 0.57006093 12.9233599
92.393932388 1.0153155602 1.0596530709 2.6398266397 0.7607718707 13.0107809092 0.795504085 0.83690591 2.63982664 0.59851103 13.5218709
95.0337590276 1.0596530709 1.1102597946 2.6398266397 0.7955824705 13.8063633797 0.83690591 0.88462348 2.63982664 0.63118599 14.1530569
97.6735856673 1.1102597946 1.1684010967 2.6398266397 0.8354541283 14.641817508 0.88462348 0.940109806 2.63982664 0.66902494 14.8220818
100.3134123069 1.1684010967 1.235717838 2.6398266397 0.8814523901 15.5232698981 0.940109806 1.00530729 2.63982664 0.71327276 15.5353546
102.9532389466 1.235717838 1.3143758968 2.6398266397 0.9349729687 16.4582428668 1.00530729 1.082872173 2.63982664 0.76561552 16.3009701
105.5930655862 1.3143758968 1.4072934171 2.6398266397 0.9978798832 17.45612275 1.082872173 3.433908113 2.63982664 1.65604402 17.9570141
108.2328922259 1.4072934171 1.5184973797 2.6398266397 1.0727195121 18.5288422622 3.433908113 3.88769986 2.63982664 2.6844133 20.6414274
110.8727188656 1.5184973797 1.6537043424 2.6398266397 1.1630642517 19.6919065139 3.88769986 4.516201905 2.63982664 3.0812283 23.7226557
113.5125455052 1.6537043424 1.8213090004 2.6398266397 1.2740878883 20.9659944022 4.516201905 5.439989897 2.63982664 3.65036394 27.3730197
116.1523721449 1.8213090004 2.0341589568 2.6398266397 1.413578753 22.3795731552 5.439989897 6.924338875 2.63982664 4.53328951 31.9063092
118.7921987845 2.0341589568 2.3129566509 2.6398266397 1.5938377204 23.9734108756 6.924338875 9.689195319 2.63982664 6.09122919 37.9975384
121.4320254242 2.3129566509 1.666072394 -6.8641089801 -3.79340125 20.1800096256 9.689195319 16.61329729 2.63982664 9.64361398 47.6411523
114.567916444 1.666072394 1.770467706 3.6957392401 1.7639661247 21.9439757503 16.61329729 65.04858144 -6.86410898 -77.8522271 -30.2110748
118.2636556842 1.770467706 1.8947001681 3.6957392401 1.8813201019 23.8252958523 65.04858144 -31.9988536 3.69573924 16.96433 -13.2467447
121.9593949243 1.8947001681 2.0445278207 3.6957392401 2.0219943686 25.8472902208 -31.9988536 -12.5502027 3.69573924 -22.8669021 -36.1136469
125.6551341644 2.0445278207 2.2282137121 3.6957392401 2.1931859091 28.04047613 -12.5502027 -7.69743063 3.69573924 -10.3930518 -46.5066987
129.3508734046 2.2282137121 2.4580503793 3.6957392401 2.4054458462 30.4459219761 -7.69743063
133.0466126447 2.4580503793 2.7531524273 3.6957392401 2.6748953751 33.1208173512
136.7423518848 2.7531524273 3.1449458495 3.6957392401 3.0274768394 36.1482941907
140.438091125 3.1449458495 3.688974999 3.6957392401 3.5078318672 39.6561260579
144.1338303651 3.688974999 4.4935232297 3.6957392401 4.2000527481 43.856178806
147.8295696052 4.4935232297 5.8016741369 3.6957392401 5.284495124 49.1406739299
151.5253088453 5.8016741369 8.295825007 3.6957392401 7.236205663 56.376879593
155.2210480855 8.295825007 14.9079984136 3.6957392401 11.9104556579 68.2873352508
158.9167873256 14.9079984136 83.5379081873 3.6957392401 50.5320000076 118.819335258
162.6125265657 83.5379081873 -22.331469753 3.6957392401 31.4170883708 150.236423629
166.3082658059 -22.331469753
170.004005046 -9.6924280399

tmp de demarare 1-4 alfa=0 tmpul de demarare 1-3 alfa= 5

60 40

35
50

30

40
25

30 Column F 20 Column M
Axis Title
td

15
20

10

10
5

0 0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140

Va Axis Title

Spatiul de demarare
α=0
t vi vi+1 dt ΔSi Sd α=5
0 0 0 t dt ΔSi Sd
0.1277260833 13.4686348636 14.8154983499 0.1272484383 0.499876636 0.499876636 0 0 0 0
0.2549745216 14.8154983499 16.1623618363 0.126904198 0.5460028474 1.045879483 0.178154802 0.17722671 0.69620888 0.69620888
0.3818787195 16.1623618363 17.5092253226 0.1266912245 0.5924853621 1.638364845 0.355381515 0.17655954 0.75964397 1.45585286
0.508569944 17.5092253226 18.856088809 0.1266082038 0.6394648754 2.277829721 0.53194105 0.17614748 0.82377294 2.2796258
0.6351781478 18.856088809 20.2029522953 0.1266546256 0.6870844758 2.964914197 0.708088528 0.175987 0.88886423 3.16849003
0.7618327734 20.2029522953 21.5498157817 0.126830775 0.7354911018 3.700405299 0.884075526 0.17607672 0.95519277 4.12368279
0.8886635484 21.5498157817 22.896679268 0.1271377375 0.7848370584 4.485242357 1.060152248 0.17641742 1.02304382 5.14672661
1.0158012859 22.896679268 24.2435427544 0.1275774153 0.8352816228 5.32052398 1.236569665 0.17701201 1.09271713 6.23944374
1.1433787012 24.2435427544 25.5904062408 0.1281525573 0.8869927785 6.207516758 1.413581672 0.17786564 1.16453134 7.40397508
1.2715312585 25.5904062408 26.9372697271 0.1288668022 0.9401491155 7.147665874 1.59144731 0.17898579 1.23882896 8.64280404
1.4003980608 26.9372697271 28.2841332135 0.1297247374 0.9949419435 8.142607817 1.770433096 0.18038243 1.31598189 9.95878593
1.5301227981 28.2841332135 29.6309966998 0.1307319736 1.0515776719 9.194185489 1.950815521 0.18206826 1.39639787 11.3551838
1.6608547718 29.6309966998 30.9778601862 0.1318952403 1.11028052 10.30446601 2.132883779 0.18405901 1.48052798 12.8357118
1.7927500121 30.9778601862 32.3247236725 0.1332225015 1.1712956353 11.47576164 2.316942789 0.18637381 1.56887547 14.4045872
1.9259725136 32.3247236725 33.6715871589 0.1347230993 1.2348927136 12.71065436 2.503316596 0.18903567 1.66200644 16.0665937
2.0606956129 33.6715871589 35.0184506452 0.1364079276 1.3013702367 14.01202459 2.692352267 0.19207212 1.76056266 17.8271564
2.1971035405 35.0184506452 36.3653141316 0.1382896439 1.3710604736 15.38308507 2.884424384 0.19551593 1.86527734 19.6924337
2.3353931844 36.3653141316 37.712177618 0.1403829263 1.4443354261 16.82742049 3.079940317 0.19940614 1.97699456 21.6694283
2.4757761107 37.712177618 39.0590411043 0.1427047874 1.5216139504 18.34903444 3.279346455 0.20378922 2.09669362 23.7661219
2.6184808981 39.0590411043 40.4059045907 0.1452749563 1.6033703491 19.95240479 3.483135673 0.20872068 2.22551962 25.9916415
2.7637558544 40.4059045907 41.752768077 0.1481163494 1.6901448152 21.64254961 3.691856356 0.21426709 2.36482255 28.356464
2.9118722038 41.752768077 43.0996315634 0.1512556495 1.7825562249 23.42510583 3.906123442 0.22050861 2.51620764 30.8726717
3.0631278533 43.0996315634 44.4464950497 0.1547240251 1.8813179293 25.30642376 4.126632056 0.2275425 2.681601 33.5542727
3.2178518784 44.4464950497 45.7933585361 0.1585580297 1.9872574145 27.29368118 4.354174557 0.23548755 2.86333646 36.4176091
3.3764099081 45.7933585361 47.1402220224 0.1628007341 2.1013409911 29.39502217 4.589662103 0.24449017 3.06427181 39.481881
3.5392106422 47.1402220224 48.4870855088 0.1675031651 2.2247050942 31.61972726 4.834152272 0.25473268 3.28794718 42.7698281
3.7067138073 48.4870855088 49.8339489952 0.1727261509 2.3586963673 33.97842363 5.088884948 0.26644471 3.53880416 46.3086323
3.8794399582 49.8339489952 51.1808124815 0.1785427134 2.5049235567 36.48334719 5.355329656 0.2799194 3.82249508 50.1311274
4.0579826716 51.1808124815 52.5276759679 0.1850412044 2.6653255016 39.14867269 5.635249051 0.29553669 4.14632891 54.2774563
4.243023876 52.5276759679 53.8745394542 0.1923294718 2.8422613733 41.99093406 5.93078574 0.3137978 4.51992988 58.7973862
4.4353533478 53.8745394542 55.2214029406 0.2005404704 3.0386321671 45.02956623 6.244583537 0.33537753 4.95623779 63.753624
4.6358938182 55.2214029406 56.5682664269 0.2098399394 3.2580468678 48.2876131 6.579961066 0.3612064 5.47307679 69.2267008
4.8457337576 56.5682664269 57.9151299133 0.2204370915 3.5050537375 51.79266683 6.941167469 0.39260438 6.09571026 75.322411
5.0661708491 57.9151299133 59.2619933996 0.2325997887 3.7854686274 55.57813546 7.333771849 0.4315087 6.86119185 82.1836029
5.2987706377 59.2619933996 60.608856886 0.246676572 4.1068514496 59.68498691 7.765280547 0.48088359 7.82618824 90.0097911
5.5454472098 60.608856886 61.9557203724 -0.6078065103 -10.34655334 49.33843357 8.246164134 0.54550829 9.08201972 99.0918108
4.9376406995 61.9557203724 58.4535897351 0.3020071277 5.299183913 54.63761748 8.791672419 -0.99937386 -17.0121992 82.0796116
5.2396478271 58.4535897351 60.339189404 0.3092636149 5.5884956284 60.22611311 7.79229856 0.26208718 4.38301895 86.4626305
5.5489114421 60.339189404 62.2247890729 0.3173130641 5.9001533353 66.12626645 8.054385739 0.26477404 4.36850613 90.8311367
5.8662245062 62.2247890729 64.1103887417 0.3262533623 6.2372744348 72.36354088 8.31915978 0.26782674 4.55915431 95.390291
6.1924778685 64.1103887417 65.9959884106 0.3362012952 6.603552613 78.9670935 8.586986522 0.27126887 4.75983345 100.150124
6.5286791637 65.9959884106 67.8815880795 0.3472971496 7.0034001471 85.97049364 8.858255391 0.27512797 4.97165324 105.121778
6.8759763133 67.8815880795 69.7671877484 0.35971075 7.4421343359 93.41262798 9.13338336 0.27943614 5.1958658 110.317643
7.2356870633 69.7671877484 71.6527874172 0.3736494753 7.9262249274 101.3388529 9.412819504 0.28423078 5.43389161 115.751535
7.6093365386 71.6527874172 73.5383870861 0.389369059 8.4636272223 109.8024801 9.697050289 0.28955547 5.68735096 121.438886
7.9987055976 73.5383870861 75.423986755 0.4071883657 9.0642376444 118.8667178 9.986605756 0.29546106 5.95810262 127.396989
8.4058939633 75.423986755 77.3095864239 0.4275099647 9.7405278275 128.6072456 10.28206682 0.30200713 6.24829148 133.64528
8.8334039279 77.3095864239 79.1951860927 0.4508493399 10.5084446623 139.1156903 10.58407395 0.30926361 6.56040791 140.205688
9.2842532678 79.1951860927 81.0807857616 0.4778772889 11.3887164515 150.5044067 10.89333756 0.31731306 6.89736235 147.10305
9.7621305567 81.0807857616 82.9663854305 0.5094830324 11.9284279212 162.4328346 11.21065063 0.32625336 7.26257982 154.36563
10.2716135891 82.9663854305 84.8519850994 0.5468709035 12.6318883214 175.064723 11.53690399 0.3362013 7.66012103 162.025751
10.8184844926 84.8519850994 86.7375847682 -1.3391139846 -31.913454175 143.1512688 11.87310528 0.34729715 8.09483913 170.12059
9.479370508 86.7375847682 81.8346258293 0.6579760924 16.1632178812 159.3144867 12.22040243 -0.93532422 -22.2905389 147.830051
10.1373466004 81.8346258293 84.474452469 0.6792671809 17.1843311632 176.4988178 11.28507821 0.52310671 12.2473965 160.077448
10.8166137813 84.474452469 87.1142791087 0.7032002099 18.3054433265 194.8042612 11.80818492 0.54511402 12.591307 172.668755
11.5198139913 87.1142791087 89.7541057483 0.7301950472 19.5436039806 214.3478651 12.35329894 0.57006093 13.5855599 186.254315
12.2500090385 89.7541057483 92.393932388 0.7607718707 20.9198526136 235.2677177 12.92335987 0.59851103 14.7024554 200.95677
13.0107809092 92.393932388 95.0337590276 0.7955824705 22.4604700811 257.7281878 13.5218709 0.63118599 15.967957 216.924727
13.8063633797 95.0337590276 97.6735856673 0.8354541283 24.1987320917 281.9269199 14.15305689 0.66902494 17.4158055 234.340533
14.641817508 97.6735856673 100.3134123069 0.8814523901 26.1774168865 308.1043368 14.82208183 0.71327276 19.0906805 253.431213
15.5232698981 100.3134123069 102.9532389466 0.9349729687 28.4524755091 336.5568123 15.53535459 0.76561552 21.0530443 274.484257
16.4582428668 102.9532389466 105.5930655862 0.9978798832 31.0985474177 367.6553597 16.30097011 1.65604402 46.7525725 321.23683
17.45612275 105.5930655862 108.2328922259 1.0727195121 34.2175053358 401.8728651 17.95701413 2.6844133 77.7533992 398.990229
18.5288422622 108.2328922259 110.8727188656 1.1630642517 37.952171053 439.8250361 20.64142743 3.0812283 91.5064712 490.4967
19.6919065139 110.8727188656 113.5125455052 1.2740878883 42.5092742409 482.3343104 23.72265573 3.65036394 111.085447 601.582148
20.9659944022 113.5125455052 116.1523721449 1.413578753 46.3339588246 528.6682692 27.37301967 4.53328951 141.278245 742.860393
22.3795731552 116.1523721449 118.7921987845 1.5938377204 51.5410752995 580.2093445 31.90630918 6.09122919 194.297451 937.157844
23.9734108756 118.7921987845 121.4320254242 -3.79340125 -126.56422506 453.6451194 37.99753836 9.64361398 314.682604 1251.84045
20.1800096256 121.4320254242 114.567916444 1.7639661247 60.6643946246 514.309514 47.64115235 -77.8522271 -2597.49873 -1345.6583
21.9439757503 114.567916444 118.2636556842 1.8813201019 66.6316566877 580.9411707 -30.2110748 16.96433 556.052903 -789.60538
23.8252958523 118.2636556842 121.9593949243 2.0219943686 73.6897554339 654.6309262 -13.2467447 -22.8669021 -739.463441 -1529.0688
25.8472902208 121.9593949243 125.6551341644 2.1931859091 82.1801882564 736.8111144 -36.1136469 -10.3930518 -346.757029 -1875.8258
28.04047613 125.6551341644 129.3508734046 2.4054458462 92.6031312882 829.4142457 -46.5066987
30.4459219761 129.3508734046 133.0466126447 2.6748953751 105.722238428 935.1364841
33.1208173512 133.0466126447 136.7423518848 3.0274768394 122.765615468 1057.9021
36.1482941907 136.7423518848 140.438091125 3.5078318672 145.845358643 1203.747458
39.6561260579 140.438091125 144.1338303651 4.2000527481 178.937622138 1382.68508
43.856178806 144.1338303651 147.8295696052 5.284495124 113.925676632 1496.610757
49.1406739299 147.8295696052 151.5253088453 7.236205663 0 1496.610757
56.376879593 151.5253088453 155.2210480855 11.9104556579 0 1496.610757
68.2873352508 155.2210480855

Spatul de demarare alfa=0 1-4 Spatul de demarare alfa=5 1-3

1600 800

1400 700

1200 600

1000
500

800 Column G
Axis Title Column N
Axis Title 400

600
300

400
200

200
100

0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
0
Axis Title 0 20 40 60 80 100 120

Axis Title
 1200 600

1000
500

800 Column G
Axis Title Column N
Axis Title 400

600
300

400
200

200
100

0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
0
Axis Title 0 20 40 60 80 100 120

Axis Title

Parametrii capacitati de franare a autovehiculelor

Momentul de inertie al unei roti JR 0.4 kg m2

Raza de rulare a rotii rr 0.2812995 m

Masa autov ma 1515 kg

Numarul de roti n 4
Forta defranare specifica γf 0...ϕ
Coef de frecare intre pneu si cale μ <ϕ
Momentul de franare nul 0
Coef de rez la rulare f 0.01760126
panta drumului p 0…5 ̊̊̊
Coef de rezistenta aerodinamica a
k 0.83
autovehiculului
Aria sectiunii transversale a
A 1.6427912 m2
autovehiculului
Greutatea autov. Ga 14862.15 N
Acceleratia gravitationala g 9.81 m/s2
ξ 0.0133465626
δ1 1.0133465626

Coeficientul de eficienta al franelor K 1…1,05(frana cu 1.05

repartitor)

Unghiul de inclinare al drumului Modul de franare Starea caii de rulare Viteza initiala (dv/dt) max [m/s2] tfmin[s]

beton uscat ϕ=0.7 0.7 60 7.1929016689 2.519090948

0.7 100 7.6301482782 4.198484914
0.7 170 8.9213921712 7.137424354
cu toate rotile pana la beton umed ϕ=0.35 0.35 60 3.8046235353 4.917564316
linita de aderenta, fara 0.35 100 4.2418701446 8.195940526
blocare
0.35 170 5.5331140376 13.93309889
polei ϕ=0.15 0.15 60 1.8684646018 10.78573537
0.15 100 2.3057112111 17.97622562
0.15 170 3.5969551041 30.55958356
Drum orizontal α=0˚
beton uscat μ=0.56 0.56 60 5.8375904155 3.129672602
0.56 100 6.2748370247 5.216121004
0.56 170 7.5660809177 8.867405707
beton umed μ=0.28 0.28 60 3.1269679086 6.074244573
cu toate rotile blocate 0.28 100 3.5642145178 10.12374096
0.28 170 4.8554584108 17.21035962
polei μ=0.12 0.12 60 1.5780407618 13.13725498
0.12 100 2.015287371 21.89542497
0.12 170 3.306531264 37.22222245
beton uscat ϕ=0.7 0.7 60 7.1929016689 2.519090948
0.7 100 7.6301482782 4.198484914
0.7 170 8.9213921712 7.137424354
cu toate rotile pana la beton umed ϕ=0.35 0.35 60 3.8046235353 4.917564316
linita de aderenta, fara 0.35 100 4.2418701446 8.195940526
blocare 0.35 170 5.5331140376 13.93309889
polei ϕ=0.15 0.15 60 1.8684646018 10.78573537
0.15 100 2.3057112111 17.97622562
0.15 170 3.5969551041 30.55958356
Drum inclinat α=5˚(la urcare)
beton uscat μ=0.56 0.56 60 5.8375904155 3.129672602
0.56 100 6.2748370247 5.216121004
0.56 170 7.5660809177 8.867405707
beton umed μ=0.28 0.28 60 3.1269679086 6.074244573
cu toate rotile blocate 0.28 100 3.5642145178 10.12374096
0.28 170 4.8554584108 17.21035962
polei μ=0.12 0.12 60 1.5780407618 13.13725498
0.12 100 2.015287371 21.89542497
0.12 170 3.306531264 37.22222245

Spatul minim de franare

Viteza initiala [km/h]

Felul suprafetei de rulare coef. De aderenta/ frecare Rotile franate
10 60 80 100 120 170
toate rotile 0.5533742989 19.5865563547 34.36295217 52.8085017 74.56197182 140.8248648
Drum de beton cu 0.7 ale puntii fata 0.9088290203 32.717844731 58.1650573 90.882902 130.8713789 262.6515869
suprafata uscata ale puntii spate 1.3585217567 48.9067832421 86.94539243 135.852176 195.627133 392.6127877
0.56 toate rotile 0.6874202659 24.2331149879 42.38536777 64.8956255 91.23927475 170.2416801
toate rotile 1.0797472421 37.6225729046 65.23960198 98.8657852 137.4109085 248.4713605
Drumde beton cu 0.35 ale puntii fata 1.9656069509 70.7618502322 125.7988449 196.560695 283.0474009 568.0604088
Drum orizontal α=0˚
suprafata umeda ale puntii spate 2.5502075082 91.8074702966 163.2132805 255.020751 367.2298812 737.0099699
0.28 toate rotile 1.3334184122 46.1182820578 79.54577081 119.798868 165.383038 293.8445372
toate rotile 2.365514498 79.4569983765 134.3304181 197.83253 266.8233674 448.1815195
Drum de beton cu 0.15 ale puntii fata 4.7836814325 172.212531569 306.1556117 478.368143 688.8501263 1382.483934
suprafata acoperita cu
polei ale puntii spate 5.7280361789 206.209302442 366.5943155 572.803618 824.8372098 1655.402456
0.12 toate rotile 2.8799298381 95.3858523051 159.800334 233.074177 311.3453281 511.8186926
toate rotile 0.6301651629 22.2529836429 38.97249394 59.7642133 84.17576307 157.8635746
Drum de beton cu 0.7 ale puntii fata 0.7579900545 27.287641961 48.51136349 75.7990054 109.1505678 219.0591257
suprafata uscata ale puntii spate 1.0455419953 37.6395118303 66.9146877 104.5542 150.5580473 302.1616366
0.56 toate rotile 0.81004154 28.451278368 49.62688024 75.7322368 106.077568 195.8738304
toate rotile 1.4165649427 48.8760995832 84.15830285 126.496186 174.2598131 307.958944
Drumde beton cu 0.35 ale puntii fata 1.3699355407 49.3176794636 87.6758746 136.993554 197.2707179 395.9113712
Drum inclinat α=5˚[la urcare]
suprafata umeda ale puntii spate 1.6292445894 58.6528052197 104.2716537 162.924459 234.6112209 470.8516863
0.28 toate rotile 1.8877097525 64.2604342495 109.6165642 163.028468 222.098237 381.9056518
toate rotile 4.9375207591 155.071108117 251.7066261 355.657244 461.1387741 712.5863701
Drum de beton cu 0.15 ale puntii fata 2.3180497273 83.4497901818 148.3551825 231.804973 333.7991607 669.9163712
suprafata acoperita cu
polei ale puntii spate 2.5184846773 90.6654483824 161.1830193 251.848468 362.6617935 727.8420717
0.12 toate rotile 7.8727868587 230.875706732 361.7247992 494.795414 623.693818 913.873168

drum de beton cu suprafata uscata drum de beton cu suprafata umeda

450 800
400 700
350 600
300 500 toate rotile 0.35
toate rotile 0.7 punte fata 0.35
250 Axis Title 400
punte fata0.7 punte spate 0.35
Axis Title 200 300
punte spate 0.7 toate rotile 0.28
150 toate rotile 0.56 200
100 100

50 0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
0 Axis Title
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Axis Title

drum de beton cu suprafata acoperita cu polei

1800
1600
1400
1200
toate rotile 0.15
1000
punte fata 0.15
Axis Title 800 punte spate
600 toate rotile 0.12
400
200
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Axis Title

Spatul minim de oprire

Modul de franare Viteza initiala [km/h]

10 60 80 100 120 170
Ss 3.0555555556 18.3333333333 24.4444444444 30.55555556 36.6666667 51.94444444
cu toate rotile Sfmin 0.5533742989 19.5865563547 34.3629521724 52.80850171 74.5619718 140.8248648
Sop 3.6089298544 37.9198896881 58.8073966168 83.36405727 111.228638 192.7693092
Ss 3.0555555556 18.3333333333 24.4444444444 30.55555556 36.6666667 51.94444444 8
perioada t1 t2 t3 t4 dv/dt
Drum orizontal din beton cu suprafata cu rotile din fata Sfmin 0.9088290203 32.717844731 58.1650572996 90.88290203 130.871379 262.6515869
uscata min 0 0.7 1.05 1.15 0 0 7.192901669 7
Sop 3.9643845759 51.0511780643 82.609501744 121.4384576 167.538046 314.5960313 max 0.7 1.05 1.15 3.66909095 0 7.19290167 7.192901669
Ss 3.0555555556 18.3333333333 24.4444444444 30.55555556 36.6666667 51.94444444 6
cu rotile din spate Sfmin 1.3585217567 48.9067832421 86.9453924305 135.8521757 195.627133 392.6127877 intarzieri fiziologice t1 0.7 5
Sop 4.4140773123 67.2401165755 111.389836875 166.4077312 232.2938 444.5572321 intarzieri mecanice t2 0.35 t2
Ss 3.0555555556 18.3333333333 24.4444444444 30.55555556 36.6666667 51.94444444 4 t3
inertia franarii t3 0.1
t4
cu toate rotile Sfmin 1.0797472421 37.6225729046 65.2396019835 98.86578522 137.410909 248.4713605 3 t1
Sop 4.1353027976 55.9559062379 89.6840464279 129.4213408 174.077575 300.415805
Ss 3.0555555556 18.3333333333 24.4444444444 30.55555556 36.6666667 51.94444444 2
Drum orizontal din beton cu suprafata cu rotile din fata Sfmin 1.9656069509 70.7618502322 125.798844857 196.5606951 283.047401 568.0604088
umeda 1
Sop 5.0211625064 89.0951835655 150.243289302 227.1162506 319.714068 620.0048533
Ss 3.0555555556 18.3333333333 24.4444444444 30.55555556 36.6666667 51.94444444 0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4
cu rotile din spate Sfmin 2.5502075082 91.8074702966 163.213280527 255.0207508 367.229881 737.0099699
Sop 5.6057630638 110.14080363 187.657724972 285.5763064 403.896548 788.9544143
Ss 3.0555555556 18.3333333333 24.4444444444 30.55555556 36.6666667 51.94444444
cu toate rotile Sfmin 2.365514498 79.4569983765 134.330418094 197.8325298 266.823367 448.1815195 drum orizontal din beton cu suprafata acoperita cu polei
Sop 5.4210700536 97.7903317098 158.774862538 228.3880854 303.490034 500.1259639
Ss 3.0555555556 18.3333333333 24.4444444444 30.55555556 36.6666667 51.94444444 60
Drum orizontal din beton cu suprafata
cu rotile din fata Sfmin 4.7836814325 172.2125315686 306.155611678 478.3681432 688.850126 1382.483934
acoperita cu polei
Sop 7.839236988 190.5458649019 330.600056122 508.9236988 725.516793 1434.428378
Ss 3.0555555556 18.3333333333 24.4444444444 30.55555556 36.6666667 51.94444444
cu rotile din spate Sfmin 5.7280361789 206.209302442 366.594315452 572.8036179 824.83721 1655.402456 50
Sop 8.7835917345 224.5426357753 391.038759897 603.3591734 861.503876 1707.3469

drum orizontal din beton cu suprafata umeda drum orizontal din beton cu suprafata uscata 40

60 60

toate rotile
50 50 Axis Title 30 punte fata
punte spate

40 40

toate rotile 20
toate rotile
30 Axis Title 30 punte fata
Axis Title punte fata
punte spate punte spate

20 20
10

10
10

0 0
0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 0 10 20 30 40 50 60
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Axis Title Axis Title
Axis Title
 50

drum orizontal din beton cu suprafata umeda drum orizontal din beton cu suprafata uscata 40

60 60

toate rotile
50 50 Axis Title 30 punte fata
punte spate

40 40

toate rotile 20
toate rotile
30 Axis Title 30 punte fata
Axis Title punte fata
punte spate punte spate

20 20
10

10
10

0 0
0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 0 10 20 30 40 50 60
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Axis Title Axis Title
Axis Title

Stabilitatea miscarii autovehiculelor cu rot

Inaltimea metacentrului fata de calea ha (0.45…0.5)*H 0.68784 m

de rulare
densitatea aerului ρ 1,205 kg/m3
coef de portanta Cz 0.3…0.5 0.45
Aria sectiunii transversale A 1.6427912 m2
coef aerodinamic frontal k 0.0245
coef de rezistenta a aerului cx 0.4
L 2.389 m
a 1.12283 m
b 1.26617 m
hg 0.4778 m
E 1.433 m
coef. De aderenta transversala ϕy 0.8*ϕ

Unghiurile limita de stabilitate longitudinala

Unghiurile limita de stabilitate Aderenta Punte motoare spate Punte mot. Fata Ambele punti mot.

αr -- 69.3255752391
0.7 20.9347584706 18.0268876541 34.9920201986
αa 0.35 10.0308229055 9.8352968078 19.2900462192
0.15 4.1569715104 4.4135934521 8.5307656099

Conditia de stabilitate longitudinala la rasturnare

va < 20.8269593986

Viteza minima de stavilitate la rasturnarea transversala

Raza de curbura a
Unghiul de inclinare transversala drumului [m]
15 20 30 40 60 80 100 140 180 240 300
0 53.5931270115 61.8840126136 75.7921270697 87.5172099322 107.186254 123.768025 138.3768589 163.7297075 185.6520378 214.372508 239.67575
β 3 56.7991577383 65.5860180199 80.3261392048 92.7526361857 113.5983155 131.172036 146.6547947 173.5242932 196.7580541 227.196631 254.013556
5 59.1508939422 68.3015690806 83.6519964395 96.5930053252 118.3017879 136.603138 152.7269514 180.7089659 204.9047072 236.603576 264.53084

Stabilitate transversala la rasturnare

300

250

200

unghi 0
150 unghi 3
Var

Row 2488
100

50

0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350

Viteza minima de stabilitate la derapare in viraj

Raza de curbura a
Coef.de aderenta laterala drumului [m]
15 20 30 40 60 80 100 140 180 240 300
0.56 32.7505114464 37.8170331993 46.3162174621 53.4813612392 65.50102289 75.6340664 84.56145694 100.0544652 113.4510996 131.002046 146.46474
ϕy 0.28 23.1581087311 26.7406806196 32.7505114464 37.8170331993 46.31621746 53.4813612 59.79397963 70.74919081 80.22204186 92.6324349 103.566211
0.12 15.1605408874 17.5058847249 21.4402425359 24.7570595992 30.32108177 35.0117694 39.14434825 46.31621746 52.51765417 60.6421635 67.8

Stabilitate transversala la derapare

160

140

120

100
Row 2514
80 Row 2515
Vad

Row 2516
60

40

20

0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350

Unghiul de stabilitate Unghiul de stabilitate transversala la limita de

transversala la limita de
Coef.de aderenta laterala derapare
rasturnare
βr
0.56 29.2488263365
ϕy 0.28 56.302551613 15.6422464572
0.12 6.8427734126

Viteza limita de bracare a Coef. De aderenta Viteza autovehiculului [km/h]

rotilor de directie transversala
10 20 30 40 60 80 100 120 140 170
-- 9.9923051407 4.9961525703 3.3307683802 2.498076285 1.66538419 1.249038143 0.999230514 0.832692095 0.71373608 0.58778266
0.7 4.6643773585 2.3321886792 1.5547924528 1.16609434 0.77739623 0.58304717 0.466437736 0.388698113 0.33316981 0.27437514
0.35 2.3321886792 1.1660943396 0.7773962264 0.58304717 0.38869811 0.291523585 0.233218868 0.194349057 0.16658491 0.13718757
(��/��) _� 0.999509434 0.499754717 0.3331698113 0.249877358 0.16658491 0.124938679 0.099950943 0.083292453 0.07139353 0.05879467
0.15
(��/��)_�

Limita de stabilitate transversala pentru evitarea rasturnarii

12

10

Limita de stabilitate transversala pentru deraparii

8
5
4.5
6
4
3.5
4
3
Row 2550
Axis Title 2.5 Row 2551
2
2 Row 2552

1.5
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 1
0.5
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
Axis Title

Calculul canttati de combustbil consumat

m0 1040 kg
cx 0.4
A 2.389 m^2
ηtr 0.9114
Jm 0.04 kg*m^2
JR 0.35 kg*m^2
i0 2.8695182373
rr 0.2812995 m
f0 0.018
f90 0.01082366
f120 0.01248416
ηi 0.35
ηm 0.88
ρ 1.22
q 42000000
γ 780
icv1 2.7439597833
icv2 1.9599808491
icv3 1.3999931604

1  1 
J m icv2 1 * i02
* *tr 
 JR * 1
m0 rr2 m0 rr2
δ1 1.0444765246
δ2 1.0310246764
 δ3 1.0241614214

Lucrul mecanic parcurgerii ciclului ECE


Lciclu 9986m0 f0  3.500cxA  m0  25.87 1  69.43 2  49.09 3  345118.48455754 J

Lucrul mecanic necesar deplasarii cu viteza constanta de 90 km/h pe distanta de 25km:

vi 25 m/s

474.749808784 N
R 90  m0 * g * f90  1 / 2 *  * c x * A * vi2
Si 25000 m
L90 L90=R90*Si 11868745.2196 J

Lucrul mecanic necesar deplasarii cu viteza constanta de 120 km/h pe distata de 25km:

vi 33.3333333333 m/s

775.0528384284 N
 R120  m0 * g * f120  1 / 2 *  * c x * A * v i2
Si 25000 m
L120 L90=R90*Si 19376320.9607111 J

Cantitatea de combustibil consumata:

10
6  50Lciclu 
Q    25R 90  25 R 120 5.2409044635 l/100km
q  i  m  tr  Sciclu 
Sciclu 1018 m