Spectrele Moleculelor

Spectre Electronice de Absorbtie

1.Scopul Lucrarii

a)In prima parte a lucrarii se evidentiaza spectrul de absorbtie,in domeniul vizibil,al molecule NiSO4,prin
observatie directa,cu ajutorul,unui spectroscop cu prisma.

b)In a doua parte a lucrarii,se face o analiza cantitativa a spectrului de absorbtie,in domeniul vizibil,al
molecule NiSO4.

2.Marimi de interes

1 𝜙
-Extinctia zecimala Eλ = lg𝜃 = 𝜙0
𝜆

1 𝜙0
-Extinctia naturala 𝐸𝑛,𝜆 = 𝑙𝑛 = 𝑙𝑛
𝜃𝜆 𝜙

𝐸𝜆 = 𝜀𝜆 𝑑𝑐,

𝐸𝑛,𝜆 = 𝜀𝑛,𝜆 𝑑𝑐,

unde d este distanta iar c este concentratia.

3.Prelucrarea datelor

d=10mm

C(%) Eλ panta=0.15288 λ=368nm

1 0.21183
𝜆𝐸 1.036212
4 0.73755 𝐶𝑥 =𝑝𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑎 = 0.15288
= 6.7%
7 1.37675
10 1.5376 𝑝𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑎 0.15288
6.7 1.036212 𝜀𝜆 = = = 15.48 %−1 𝑛−1
𝑑 10 × 10−3

C% En,λ panta=0.22684 λ=368nm

1 0.24207
𝐸
𝑛,𝜆 1.370421
4 0.9213 𝐶𝑥 = 𝑝𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑎 = = 6.22%
0.22684
7 1.60445
10 2.28278 𝑝𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑎 0.22684
𝜀 𝑛,𝜆 = = 10×10−3 = 22.64%−1 𝑛−1
6.22 1.370421 𝑑
4.Tabel de date experimentale

λ(nm) 1 4 7 10 X

340 85.4 70.4 58 44.4 64.7

354 81.2 57.2 41.6 30.6 46.7
368 61.4 18.3 4.2 2.9 9.2
382 53.9 10.3 3 1.4 4
396 49.6 7.3 1.8 1 2.7
410 55.8 11.6 3 1 4.7
424 71.3 30.1 14.3 5.8 17.9
438 83 55.3 41.5 27.2 45.8
452 87 69.3 56.5 45.1 59.2
466 89.6 77.8 67.1 54.1 68.2
480 92.1 80 75.5 63 76.1
494 93.1 88 81 73.4 81.9
508 93.3 88.1 82.5 67.4 82.7
522 93.1 87.5 80 71.2 81.9
536 93.2 86.9 75.3 71 80.6
550 93 86.4 75.2 70.5 80.2
564 92.2 80.2 71 63.2 74.5
578 85.7 75.6 68.2 56.5 67.5
592 90.4 73.1 54.7 43.2 62.3
606 89.5 66.3 46.7 34.8 52.2
620 83.9 55 34.1 22.6 40.7
634 83.3 47.3 26.2 15.1 31.7
648 78.5 39.8 20.1 10.2 25.4
662 76.9 36.8 17.7 8.3 22
676 77.3 36.6 18.2 8.5 22.2
690 79.2 35.4 17.5 7.9 21.5
704 78.3 33.6 15.8 6.9 19.7
718 76.6 31.9 14 6.1 18.3
732 77.7 32.9 14.5 6.3 18.6
746 78.5 36.3 16.8 7.7 21.4
760 81.8 38.7 21.2 10.5 25.5
774 83.8 46.4 26.1 15 31.2
788 85.2 53.2 32.9 20.5 38.1
802 88 60 38.6 27.5 44.6
816 92.3 66.9 47.9 35.5 52.6
830 92.5 71.7 55.9 44 59.4
844 95.1 74.1 65.5 51 62.4
858 94.4 78 68.7 69.8 50.3
5.Grafice obtinute

Figura 1. Figura 2.

Figura 1.Extinctia zecimala functie de concentratia solutiei de NiSO4 pentru lungimea de unda λ= 368nm

Figura 2. Extinctia naturala functie de concentratia solutiei de NiSO4 pentru lungimea de unda λ= 368nm

Figura 3. Figura 4.

Extinctia zecimala functie de lungimea Extinctia naturala functie de lungimea de

de unda pentru diferite concentratii ale solutiei unda pentru diferite concentratii ale

de NiSO4. solutiei de NiSO4.