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Este un ghid pentru crearea propriului Plan de Criz i se bazeaz pe mai mult de 80
de planuri de criz pentru corporaii, sisteme scolare, i agenii guvernamentale din
toat lumea.
Odata construit, este indicat ca planurile sa fie consultate si de membrii echipei de
urgen sau aciune astfel nct sugestiile i recomandrile lor s poat fi incluse n
documentul final.
Inainte de a ncepe ntreab-te dac tu sau un membru al echipei tale de criz avei
resursele necesare care s v ajute n dezvoltarea unui plan de criz cat mai limpede
i mai complet:
Lista membrilor echipei mpreun cu telefoanele, celularele, fax-urile i e-mailurile corespunzatoare
Schia pentru facilitile cheie astfel nct responsabilii de urgen s tie unde
i cum s acceseze spatii speciale precum: depozite de calamitati, magazii cu
substante speciale etc.
Nume i numere de telefon ale mass mediei care protejeaz organizaia local i
n pres
24 de ore pe zi, 7 zile pe sptmn (24/7) membrii responsabili pentru
domeniul respectiv i specialitii care pot fi chemai cnd apare un accident sau
incident violent de lucru.
Camerele desemnate pentru fiecare facilitate major n care se opereaz pot fi
schimbate n centru de criz sau camer de coordonare (utilat cu toat
tehnologia telefonic necesar, cu copiatoare-uri, fax-uri, posibiliti de
calculator/modem care este efectiv capabil s administreze o problem
semnificant i s comunice cu o larg varietate de public repede i eficient
Toalete, dusuri
Internet si
camera de
monitorizare
Centrul de comunicatii
Centrul de telefonie
Podium
Carti & Resurse
Monitoare TV
Fax-uri
Gustari
Camera de urgenta a
responsabililor
Camera de ospitalitate
Cabine
Centrul de odihn
Camera scenariu-planificare
Flipchart
Centrul de productie video
Proiector si ecran
Adresa ___________________________________________________________
___________________________________ al ____________________________
n cazul n care eful responsabil pentru situatia de criza nu este disponibil, vor fi
contactate persoanele ce urmeaza n ordinea stabilita anterior:
Acas
Celular
Pager
Birou
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CUPRINS:
Personalizeaz seciunea prin indicarea capitolului alturi de subcapitol i numrul
de pagin alocat. Dedesubt o s gseti multe dintre subiectele incluse n planul de
criz ale mai multor corporaii i organizatii non-profit.
Introducere:
Misiunea echipei de criz
Numerele de contact cheie
Sistemul managerial al incidentelor critice
Resurse:
Membrii echipei i numerele cheie
Locaiile cldirilor, Staia Agenilor de Paz
Zona spitalelor, centrul de asisten
Consultani
Operaiuni:
Locaia i caracteristicile centrului managerial organizaional n cazuri de criz
Desfurarea oamenilor i a resurselor tehnice pentru situaii n alte state/naiuni
Analizele legale si resursele umane
LUARE LA CUNOTIN;
Am citit i neles Planul de criz pentru organizaia mea datat ___/_____/______
i am neles rolul meu n orice situaie de dezastru sau criz.
Semnatura ____________________
Numele ______________________ Data ________________________________
Aceste formulare pot fi adunate i inute ntr-o singur locaie central, de preferat
de liderul organizaiei de criz. n mod caracteristic nu au nici o valabilitate legala
dar are putere si semnificatie morala si de rsponsabilizare. In eventualitatea n care
mai trziu un membru al echipei pretinde c nu a neles rolul sau ntr-un dezastru,
poate reprezenta o dovad folositoare echipei responsabile n demonstrarea (ne)
indeplinirii datoriei.
ECHIPA TA DE CRIZ SA POATE FI CONTACTAT 24/7!
Ia n considerare completarea spaiilor goale cu termeni despre cine va interpreta
un rol i anume care ntr-un eveniment de urgen al organizaiei. Odat ce pui un
nume, ia n considerare de asemenea o persoan de rezerv n cazul n care aceasta
este plecat ntr-o cltorie sau nu este disponibil. De asemenea ia n considerare
Birou
Telefon
Celular
Pager
Acas
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Numele managerului_________________________________________________
Inlocuitorul ________________________________________________________
Liderul de echip____________________________________________________
Informaii interne____________________________________________________
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Informaii externe ___________________________________________________
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Vecini, Comunitatea de legatur _______________________________________
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Coordonatorii
pentru
Psihologi,
Asistena
social_____________________________
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Coordonatorii echipelor de intervenie (n cazul inundaiilor, incendiilor)
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Finane/Control intern _______________________________________________
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cu
investitorii,
Purttorii
de
cuvnt
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Incendii/Cldiri avariate i Consultani n restaurare ________________________
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ASOCIAIA TA I ALI PARTENERI CHEIE
n timpul unui incident major este foarte posibil s fii copleit de media, cereri din
partea membrilor familiilor ngrijorate, curioilor, pacientilor, clientilor etc.
Ca o anticipare a crizei, este important s identifici pe cei care pot promova
calitate, sfaturi substaniale pentru organizaia ta n cazul unui dezastru. Multe
dintre aceste grupri au o experien considerabil n managementul situaiilor de
criz deoarece ei s-au mai consultat cu multe organizaii similare n trecut.
Aceast seciune este fcut cu intenia de a ghida echipa ta ctre o conferin cu
organizaia pe care o alegi naintea printrii planului oficial. i sugerm s pui
aceste ntrebri sau altele i s anchetezi asociaia care te va sprijini pentru a
determina ct de bine te pot asista ei n cazul unei urgene.
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domeniul vostru.
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Punctele sunt adaugate astfel nct odat cu revizuirea efectuat listei de echipa
voastr s putei aduga alte discuii sau corecta.
Foc_______________________________________________________________
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Pierdere chimic la sau aproape de instalaiile voastre_______________________
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Ploi abundente, uragane, tsunami, val de caldur___________________________
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Raporturi
de
investigare
privina
unor
activiti
suspicioase
instituie___________________________________________________________
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Arestarea unui numar de angajati pentru trafic de droguri, activiti ilegale pe
internet____________________________________________________________
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Avioane, ci ferate, sau alte ciocniri n apropierea lor care pot distruge
comunicaiile locale i sistemele de transport______________________________
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Furtul unor informaii particulare de ctre un angajat sau de ctre un hacker
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Demisia neateptat a mai multor membrii cheie ai personalului_______________
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Mai multi clieni anuleaz cererile, cernd anulri__________________________
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Un act de violen la lucru_____________________________________________
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Explozie n apropierea instalaiilor ______________________________________
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Un
neateptat
proces
major
din
partea
unui
client,
distribuitor,
competitor_________________________________________________________
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Un dezastru financiar care ar putea paraliza abilitatea organizaiei de a aduce bani,
sau care ar putea necesita un process din partea acionarilor cernd o nou echip
managerial________________________________________________________
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O lovitur neateptat din partea angajailor_______________________________
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JURNAL DE CRIZ
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Numele
Telefon
Telefon
Telefon
Pager
Cnd
Contactelor
acas
birou
celular
Fax
a sunat?
cheie
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Numele
Telefon
Telefon
Telefon
Pager
Cnd
Contactelor
acas
birou
celular
Fax
a sunat?
cheie
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OAMENI, DE ASEMENEA IMPORTANI!
Planul tu de criz ar trebui s includ numele unor oameni de afaceri, politicieni,
etc. pe care ai putea s-i contactezi n cazul un incident major. nc odat, echipa
ta ar trebui s discute i s dezbat aceast list, s circule prin diferite
departamente pentru verificari i aprobri, i dup aceea asigurai-v c fiecare
persoan aflat pe list a luat la cunotiin c numele ei sau lui va aprea ntr-un
plan de criz pentru posibil activare n cazul unui incident.
Alan Friedman, un psiholog din Chicago, care se consult cu UPS, Northwestern
University, i Wilsons Sporting Goods, spune: tiu ca aceste companii care ar
putea s m sune dac au avut un incident. Toate au numerele mele. tiu cine sunt,
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ce fac, puin despre cultura i organizaia lor, nainte de incident. Asta m ajut s
fiu mai eficient cnd i ajut n cazul unei urgene
inta
Telefon
Acas
Celular
E-mail
Birou
Pager
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Nume
Telefon
Acas
Celular
E-mail
Birou
Pager
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Nume
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Psihologi
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Ageni de cltorie 24/7
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nchiriereProprietatea real
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RAPORT DE CRIZ
Acest formular ar trebui completat i trimis imediat pe fax sau pe e-mail cu
revizuirile care au loc la fiecare 4 ore ntr-un incident. Ajut pentru inerea n
alert a tuturor membrilor crizei n cazul victimelor, stricciunilor, schimbarea
evenimentelor, noilor cereri, noilor ateptri. Avocaii vostri ar trebui s
revizuiasc raportul final al crizei i s se asigure c nu cer nici o informaie care
poate fi folosit mai trziu ntr-un proces care s demonstreze c compania voastr
a tiut de schimbrile sau circumstanele atenuante care nu au fost adresate corect.
n general, majoritatea observatorilor cred c avnd un complet i vast raport de
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criz este mult mai bine dect unul incomplet sau fr nregistrri fcute n timpul
unui serios incident.
Sumarul incidentului i primele aciuni de urgen _________________________
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Fataliti/prejudicii __________________________________________________
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Facilitile medicale unde victimele au fost trimise _________________________
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Cine anun familiile? Cine ine jurnalul i pstreaz contactul cu ei?___________
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Amintete-i c ntr-o situaie ideal, membrii echipei tale de criz or s sune toi
aceti indivizi cheie ca s evite astfel s fie sunai de ctre ei! Oricum,
recunoscnd c fiecare criz este unic i c echipele, mai ales n organizaii mici,
pot fi copleite, este mai bine s fii pregtit s primeti i s rspunzi la ct mai
multe cereri ale publicului.
ntr-o urgen aceste formulare trebuiesc procurate de ctre membrii echipei la
fiecare or astfel c echipa se dedic principiului c fiecare cerere va fi rezolvat
dup aceste indicaii:
Membrii familiei: 30 minute
Mass Media: 60 minute
Oficialii locali: 90 minute
Investitorii majori: 90 minute
Angajaii, via e-mail: 120 minute
Clienii cheie/distribuitorii: o zi
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ANCHETA PUBLIC
Data_____________________________________Ora______________________
Numele vizitatorului_________________________________________________
Organizaia lui______________________________________________________
Adresa____________________________________________________________
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Telefon
Celular
Pager
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Acest vizitator a cerut urmtoarea informaie sau a furnizat urmtoarea informaie
(te rog s fii ct mai specific i citeaz persoana, n special dac ei sunt ostili sau
ciudai n orice fel)
Acest formular a fost trimis de ctre_____________________________________
Ctre _____________________________________________________________
Urmrind aciunea luat ______________________________________________
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Aceast persoan a fcut orice fel de nelegere care ar trebui raportat la
departamentul de securitate sau la poliia local?
Da_________(detaliaz cuvintele exacte n spaiul de mai jos) Nu____________
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SISTEMELE DE INFORMAIE (IS) ALE PLANULUI DE URGEN
Cea mai bun aprare a organizaiei tale este s lucreze cu un consultant software
i hardware local care s asigure c toate sistemele sunt compatibile cu toate
principiile general acceptate influennd calculatoarele i operaiunile aferente. n
aproape fiecare mare ora sunt specialiti gata s te asiste; asigur-te c ei posed
recomandri uor de verificat i c discui cu foti clieni. Muli consultani IS
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ofer verificri ale sistemelor interne i externe pentru a se asigura c munca este
complet i performanele sunt atinse.
S ne nchipuim c, n ciuda celor mai bune eforturi depuse de ctre organizaia ta,
o serioas urgen cu departamentul IS (information system) poate provoca
pagube n privina clienilor i distribuitorilor. i peste toate acestea dincolo de
controlul echipei de criz, dar pentru care echipa de criz ar trebui chemat s
rspund, mai apar:
Pierderea electricitii pentru o perioad prelungit de timp
Perderea altor utiliti, important apa
Probleme majore cu transportul, incluznd cale ferat, aer, autostrzi, i
drumuri locale, ncetinnd sau mpiedicnd livrarea produselor
Sistemele bancare i financiare ncetinite sau distruse
Pierderea telecomunicaiilor sau oprirea lor periodic
n aceste pagini echipa ta ar trebui s rspund la ntrebri ale unor misiuni critice
i rspunsul specific fiecrei operaiuni.
1. Am angajat consultani IS s ne sftuiasc cum s ne descurcm ntr-o criz
IS? Unde sunt recomandrile lor? Au fost introduse?
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2. Am evaluat performanele la alte companii asemntoare ncurajnd dialogul
cu ele pentru a ne asigura c vom ntlni i depsi standardele industriale?____
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7. Care este planul nostru de comunicare ntr-un eveniment al unui serios incident
pentru a comunica cu angajai, clienti, distribuitori i presa? _______________
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MASS MEDIA
Aceste formulare ar trebui folosite de ctre operatorii telefonici sau rspunztorii
de urgen care or s fie copleii de telefoane din partea presei. Repoterii au
deadline-uri: obiectivele lor sunt s relateze o tire credibil incluznd relatri
importante, pagube, impactul asupra comunitii, i posibile complicaii. Pentru c
reporterii sunt judecai n fiecare zi dup ct de repede i bine fac un raport i s
gseasc un punct de vedere unic pentru media lor sarcina voastr este s lucrai
eficient i rapid cu ei.
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Numele reporterului__________________________________________________
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Publicaia lor _______________________________________________________
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Nume/Titlu
Primar ____________________________________________________________
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Managerul orasului __________________________________________________
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eful Poliiei locale__________________________________________________
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eful pompierilor____________________________________________________
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Telefon
Telefon
Celular
Adres E-mail
Birou
Acas
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Nume/Titlu
Oficiali regionali____________________________________________________
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Alii______________________________________________________________
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De asemenea lista difer pentru fiecare persoan dac funciile nu sunt valabile.
RELAII CU CLIENII
Fr clieni o organizaie nu ar putea supravieui. n timpul i dup o criz
ncrederea clienilor (pacientilor) poate fi pierdut dac nu sunt informai la timp
i ntr-o manier nelegtoare despre detaliile incidentului.
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Ce caut un client n timpul unei crize? Ed Goodin spune: Ei vor asigurri. Vor
s tie c orice s-ar ntampla incendiu, inundaii, contramandarea produselor
nu i vei dezamgi. i dac nu primesc veti de la voi repede, vor face
presupuneri care nu sunt deloc pozitive pentru c aa este natura uman. Ai ansa
s cluzeti pozitiv clientul dac l asculi mai nti i dup aceea vorbeti.
Telefon
Telefon
Celular
Adres E-mail
Birou
Acas
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Nume/Titlu
Telefon
Birou
Telefon
Acas
Celular
Adres E-mail
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TREI NTREBRI LA CARE TREBUIE S RSPUNZI LA FIECARE
CRIZ
Odat ce echipa ta se reunete pentru a revizui criza, membrii trebuie s decid, de
preferat ntr-o jumtate de or rspunsurile la trei ntrebri eseniale. Dac echipa
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Ce s-a intamplat?
(Realizeaz o explicaie ntr-o singur propoziie a incidentului, rspunznd cnd,
unde, de ce, i cum s-a ntmplat.)
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Ce vei face s-i asiguri c aa ceva nu o s se mai ntmple niciodat?
(Aceasta este numit puntea posibilitatea pentru purttorii ti de cuvnt de a
lua nite rspunsuri tipic negative i a le transforma n ceva pozitiv pentru
companie. Discut uurarea pailor printr-o revizuire a procedurilor, a unor
cooperri fr precedent cu autoritile locale orice este necesar pentru a
transmite onest un sens al urgenei i al devotamentului pentru rezolvarea acestei
situaii.)
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CHIMICALELE (REZIDUURI TOXICE), ETC.:
Compania ta poate produce chimicale sau spitalul tau poate deversa in apele
reziduale substante toxice sau intens infectate. Chiar dac organizaia ta nu
folosete chimicale, poate avea loc un incident la sau lng terenul tau, cum ar fi
pierderi chimice, cernd evacuarea angajailor. Este important sa stii despre ce e
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vorba si ce trebuie sa faci in cazul unui incident. Pregtete acest formular pentru
ca s pregteti rspunsul.
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