III 1 COXALUL, FEMURUL, PATELA COXALUL

pn la pubertate este c nst!tu!t "!n tre! ase# !l! n, !sc$! n %! pub!s& l!n!!le "e s!'!care se (ntlnesc la n!)elul ca)!t*!! c t!l !"e& Il! nul c rp ar!p! ar Isc$! nul c rp tuber +!tatea !sc$!at!c ra-ura ascen"ent e,tern 'a*a care pre+!nt punerea (n p +!*!e# ca)!tate art!cular sc b!tur -a! a"nc Pub!s c rp ra- super! r r!+ ntal ra- !n'er! r "escen"ent

super! r -ar.!nea (n / !tal!c p ster! r -ar.!nea ce pre+!nt

ca)!tatea c t!l !" 'a*a e,tern

' r- se-!s'er!c l!-!tat "e sprnceana c t!l !" 0 %an*ur! 1 l!n!! "e sutur ale asel r %an*ul !n'er! r 1 !nc!sura acetabul! -a! -are trec )asele %! ner)!! capulu! 'e-ural %an*ul suprac n"!l!an r!.!nea ten" nulu! re'lectat al -2 "rept anter! r al c apse! 3m. rectus femoris4 parte a -2 c)a"r!ceps pre+!nt supra'a* art!cular (n ' r- "e se-!lun 1 pe c rnul anter! r l!.2 r tun" pe c rnul p ster! r -a! -are supra'a*a se-!lunar -

%an*ul !sc$! -pub!an

' sa !l!ac e,tern

supra'a* neart!cular 1 ' sa acetabular l!n!a 'es!er anter! ar "e la -area sc b!tur !sc$!at!c la sp!na !l!ac anter -super! ar l!n!a 'es!er p ster! ar "e la -area !nc!+ur !sc$!at!c la -ar.!nea super! ar a sulu!

+ na anter! ar r!.!nea -2 'es!er -!c + na -!5l c!e r!.!nea -2 'es!er -!5l c!u + na p ster! ar r!.!nea -2 'es!er -are

.aura bturat r!e ' r-at "e ra-ura r!+ ntal a pub!sulu!, c rpul pub!sulu!, ra-ura "escen"ent a pub!sulu!, ra-ura ascen"ent a !sc$! nulu!, c rpul !sc$! nulu!& 0 un.$!ur! %! 6 -ar.!n! %an*ul subpub!an pac$etul )ascul -ner) s bturat r ac per!t "e -e-brana bturat r!e 'a*a !ntern r!.!nea -2 -!5l c!u a""uct r %! a -2 -!c a""uct r ' sa !l!ac !ntern r!.!nea -2 ps as !l!ac - (-pr*!t "e l!n!a arcuat (n tuber +!tatea !l!ac l!.2 sacr -!l!ace 'a*eta aur!cular art!culare cu sacru-ul supra'a* plan r!.!nea -2 bturat r !ntern %! -e-brana bturat r!e spatele "e -.ar .aura bturat r!e -ar.!nea anter! ar " u p r*!un! (ntre care 1788 sp!na !l!ac anter -super! ar se !nser arca"a crural %! r!.!nea -2 cr !t r %! -2 tens r al 'asc!e! lata !nc!+ura n2 'e-ur cutanat sp!na !l!ac anter -super! ar r!.!nea ten" nulu! "!rect al -2 "rept anter! r al c apse! %an* alunec -2 ps as !l!ac e-!nen*a !l! -pect!nee se !nser ban"eleta !l! -pect!nee supra'a*a pect!neal 3p ster! r se a'l creasta pect!neal4 -2 pect!neu tuberculul pub!an arca"a crural supra'a* ru. as -2 -are "rept ab" -!nal %! -2 p!ra-!"alul ab" -enulu! -ar.!nea p ster! ar )ert!cal& sp!na !l!ac p ster -super! ar !nc!+ur sp!na !l!ac p ster -!n'er! ar -area sc b!tur !sc$!at!c p!ra-!"alul ba+!nulu!# o re.!unea suprap!ra-!"al pac$etul )ascul -ner) s 'es!er super! r o re.!unea !n'rap!ra-!"al n2 -are sc!at!c, n2 -!c sc!at!c, )asele !sc$!at!ce, pac$etul )ascul -ner) s ru%!n s !ntern& 6

sp!na !sc$!at!c )r'ul l!. sacr -sc!at!c -!c 'a*a e,tern -2 .e-enul super! r 'a*a !ntern -2 r!"!ct rul anal

-!ca sc b!tur !sc$!at!c trece -2 bturat r !ntern, )asele %! n2 ru%!n s !ntern tuber +!tatea !sc$!at!c 1 un.$!ul p ster -!n'er! r

-ar.!nea super! ar 1 creasta !l!ac / !tal!c& bu+a e,tern -2 -are bl!c bu+a !ntern -2 trans)ers al ab" -enulu! !nterst!*!u -2 -!cul bl!c

-ar.!nea !n'er! ar supra'a* art!cular s!-'!+a pub!an ap ne)r +a per!neal -!5l c!e c rp!! ca)ern %! r!.!nea -2 "rept !ntern 3m. gracilis4 r!.!nea -2 -are a""uct r

un.$!ul anter -super! r sp!na !l!ac anter -super! ar un.$!ul anter -!n'er! r un.$!ul pub!sulu! un.$!ul p ster -super! r sp!na !l!ac p ster -super! ar un.$!ul p ster -!n'er! r tuber +!tatea !sc$!at!c# 'a*a !ntern r!.!nea -2 !sc$! -ca)ern %! %! a -2 trans)ers per!neal super'!c!al 'a*a e,tern r!.!nea -2 -are a""uct r 'a*a p ster! ar r!.!nea # -2 .e-en !n'er! r -2 ptrat crural -2 se-!-e-bran s -2 se-!ten"!n s -2 b!ceps crural

creasta !l!ac, sp!na !l!ac anter -super! ar, sp!na !l!ac anter e,pl rare -anual# !n'er! ar, tuberculul pub!an, s!-'!+a pub!an, sp!na !l!ac p ster super! ar, tuber +!tatea !sc$!at!c, -ar.!nea !n'er! ar

9A:I;UL O/O/
c!rcu-'er!n*a super! ar c!rcu-'er!n*a !n'er! ar supra'a* e,tern supra'a* !ntern

ba+!nul -are ' r-at "e ' sele !l!ace !nterne %! ar!p! arele sacrate l!n!a arcuat super! r c!rcu-'er!n*a super! ar !n'er! r str-t area super! ar ba+!nul -!c super! r str-t area super! ar !n'er! r str-t area !n'er! ar -!5l c!u str-t area -!5l c!e )r'ul sacru-ulu!, l!.2 sacr sc!at!ce -!c!, sp!na sc!at!c, spatele "e -.ar, 'a*a p ster! ar a s!-'!+e! pub!ene& e,tern c -pas 9au"el <ue# pel)!-etr!e "!a-etrele str-t r!! super! are

"!a-etrul anter -p ster! r "e la 'a*a anter! ar a s!-'!+e! pub!ene la sp!na L= 1 1> 68 c-& "!a-etrul b!sp!n s anter! r 1 60 67 c-& "!a-etrul b!cret 1 6? 6@ c-& "!a-etrul anter -p ster! r 3c cc!-subpub!an4 1 >,= c"!a-etrul trans)ers 3b!!sc$!at!c4 1 11 16 c-

"!a-etrele str-t r!! !n'er! are A A

r -bul lu! M!c$ael!s 3l -b -sacrat4 aprec!a+ s!-etr!a %! "!-ens!un!le ba+!nulu!& B 1 11 c-, T 1 18 csuper! r sp!na L=& !n'er! r e,tre-!tatea super! ar a pl!ulu! !nter'es!er sp!nele !l!ace p ster -super! are "!a-etrul anter -p ster! r 3pr - nt -subpub!an4 1 18,= 11 c 3 bstetr!cal4 1 16,= 10 c c- respect!) 16,= c"!a-etrele bl!ce "rept %! stn. 1 16 7 "!a-etrul trans)ers -a,!- 1 10,= c"!a-etrul trans)ers -e"!u !ntern "!a-etrele str-t r!! super! are

FEMURUL
s lun., perec$e, s!-etr!c& super! r se "eprtea+ B "esc$!s super! r& super! r %! !ntern e,tre-!tatea cu punerea (n p +!*!e p ster! r -ar.!nea -a! ru. as 'a*a anter! ar r!.!nea -2 )ast !nter-e"!ar 3crural4 r!.!nea -2 tens r al s!n )!ale! .enunc$!ulu! 3m. articularis genu4 'a*a e,tern 'a*a !ntern r!.!nea -2 )ast e,tern r!.!nea -2 )ast !ntern -ar.!nea e,tern -ar.!nea !ntern supra'a* art!cular s'er!c

-ar.!nea p ster! ar 1 creasta aspr a 'e-urulu!

bu+a !ntern r!.!nea -2 )ast !ntern bu+a e,tern r!.!nea -2 )ast e,tern !nterst!*!u !nser*!a -2 a""uct r! 3-are, -!5l c!u, -!c4 r!.!nea -2 b!ceps 'e-ural !n'er! r b!'urcare supra'a*a p pl!tee & l!n!a !ntern "e b!'urca*!e a- 'e-ural super'!c!al& !n'er! r "e l!n!a !ntern tuberculul lu! CrDber r!.!nea capulu! -e"!al al -2 .astr cne-!an 3.e-en !ntern4 ra-ura e,tern !nser*!a -2 -are 'es!er super! r tr!'urcare ra-ura -!5l c!e 3l!nea pect!nea4 !nser*!a -2 pect!neu ra-ura !ntern spre partea anter -!n'er! ar a .tulu! 'e-ural r!.!nea -2 )ast !ntern capul 'e-ural 6E0 "!ntr- s'er super! r, !ntern %! anter! r&

ep!'!+a pr ,!-al#

' seta l!.a-entulu! r tun" .tul 'e-ural 3anat -!c4 -- un.$! "e 'le,!e "e 1788& 'a*a anter! ar !ntracapsular 'a*a p ster! ar " ar 6E0 !nterne !ntraart!culare -arele tr $anter 'a*a e,tern !nser*!a -2 -!5l c!u 'es!er super! r bursa acelu!a%! -2 !n'er! r r!.!nea -2 )ast e,tern (n 'un" !nser*!a -2 bturat r e,tern pe -ar.!n! !nser*!a -2 .e-en! super! r = %! !n'er! r

'a*a !ntern ' seta "!.!tal

 -ar.!nea super! ar !nser*!a -2 p!ra-!"alul ba+!nulu! -ar.!nea p ster! ar !nser*!a -2 ptrat crural -ar.!nea anter! ar !nser*!a -2 -!c 'es!er -!cul tr $anter !nser*!a -2 ps as !l!ac creasta !ntertr $anter!an 3p ster! r4 %! l!n!a !ntertr $anter!an 3anter! r4 ep!'!+a "!stal 6 c n"!l! 'e-ural! 3!ntern %! e,tern4& separa*! "e %an*ul !nterc n"!l!an&

anter! r tr $leea 'e-ural& super! r .r p!*a supratr $lean '!ecare c n"!l 1 F 'e*e# 'a*a super! ar c rp c -un cu sul 'e*ele# p ster! ar, !n'er! ar %! anter! ar art!culare 'e*ele ce pr!)esc a,ul sulu! l!.2 (ncruc!%ate ale art!cula*!e! .enunc$!ulu! 'a*a !ntern a c n"!lulu! !ntern ep!c n"!lul !ntern l!.2 lateral !ntern al art2 .enunc$!ulu!& super! r tuberculul -arelu! a""uct r !nser*!a -2 -are a""uct r& p st tuberculul Cruber 'a*a e,tern a c n"!lulu! e,tern ep!c n"!lul e,tern l!.2 lateral e,tern al art2 .enunc$!ulu!& p ster! r " u ' sete suprapuse# r!.!nea -2 .e-en !ntern respect!) r!.!nea -2 p pl!teu e,pl rarea -anual -arele tr $anter& %an*ul !sc$! -tr $anter!an reper pentru

"esc per!rea n2 sc!at!c -are c nturul c n"!l!l r %! ep!c n"!l!l r&