Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Curs 2
Curs 2
aA + bB
cC + dD
[
C] [D]
K=
a
b
[A ] [B]
c
Reac ie total :
C sau D sunt compu i greu solubili
C sau D sunt gaze
C sau D sunt complec i stabili
Acceptor +
Echilibrul acido-bazic
(neutralizare)
Acceptor +
Donor
= H+
+
+
H
1
Acid1
Baz
Acid1
Acid2 H+
Baz
+ Acid2
pH = - lg [H+]
[H ][OH ] = 10
+
14
= pH2O ; pH + pOH = 14
HA
Ka
[
][
]
H
A
=
+
[HA ]
[H+]
[A-]
i [HA] = C-
[H+]
i Ka
[H ]
+
Ka C
[
]
H
=
C - [H ]
+ 2
Kb
B+ + OH-
[
B ][OH ]
=
+
[BOH]
[
]
OH
=
C - [OH ]
- 2
[OH ]
K bC
pH2O
[H ] = [ ]
OH
+
[
][
]
H
H
A
n 1
HnA
H+ + Hn-1AK a1 =
[Hn A ]
Hn-1A-
HA(n-1)-
H+ + Hn-2A2- K a2
H+ + An-
K an
[
H ][H A ]
=
[H A ]
[
H ][A ]
=
[HA ( ) ]
n2
n 1
n 1
[H ] =
+
K a1 C Hn A
[OH ] =
K b1 CB (OH )n
HA
[HA]
[H ] = K a sau
[A ]
+
[ A- ]
pH = pK a + lg
[HA]
B+ + OH ; K b
[BOH]
[OH ] = K b
sau
+
[B ]
-
[
B ][OH ]
=
+
[BOH]
[ B+ ]
pOH = pK b + lg
[BOH]
M+ + H2O
MOH
[M ]
[
]
[
]
OH
M
=
+
Kb
[MOH]
p
[
]
[
]
[
]
[
]
[
]
OH
OH
M
H
H
=
=
=
[M ]
K
K
K
-
M+ + HO
+
Kh
Kh
MOH + H+
[
MOH][H+ ]
=
H 2O
b
A + H2O
HA + OH
Kh
[
HA ][OH- ]
=
Ka
[
H ][A ]
=
[A ]
-
HA
H + + A
Kh
[HA ]
p
[
][
]
[
]
[
]
[
]
HO
OH
H
H
A
=
=
=
[A ]
K
K
K
+
H 2O
a
M+A + H2O
MOH
MOH + HA
M+ + HO
Kb
H + + A
Ka
[M ][A ]
+
[MOH]
[
H ][A ]
=
[ ][ ] [ ][ ]
[ ] [ ]
[MOH][HA ]
[
]
[
]
OH
M
=
+
HA
Kh =
[HA ]
ERROR: rangecheck
OFFENDING COMMAND: .buildcmap
STACK:
-dictionary/WinCharSetFFFF-V2TT3491565Ct
/CMap
-dictionary/WinCharSetFFFF-V2TT3491565Ct