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Curs 1: Asigurrile i reasigurrile

abordri teoretice de baz
Asigurri Internationale

Facultatea de Relaii Economice Internaionale - 2014

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Curs 1: Asigurrile i reasigurrile

abordri teoretice de baz

SUMAR

1. Origine i evoluie
2. Nevoia de protecie
3. Dispersia riscului forme de protecie
4. Funciile asigurrii i reasigurrii
5. Riscurile n asigurri
6. Clasificarea asigurrilor
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Comercianii

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1. Origine i evoluie
3000 en Chinezi, babilonieni
IX en greci, romani
Asigurrile maritime

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2. Nevoia de protecie
Pentru persoane juridice
>
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De viata de grup si pensii

Mijloacelor de transport
Pierderii profitului
Raspundere fata de terti
Medicala si de accidente ale angajatilor
Bunuri, cladiri, active, masini, marfuri
De fidelitate pentru angajati
Sistemelor IT
altele

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3. Dispersia riscului forme de protecie

Asigurarea
Coasigurarea
Autoasigurarea
Reasigurarea

Mecanismul asigurrii, reasigurrii, coasigurrii i retrocedrii

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Ce este asigurarea?

POOL

Asiguratorul
beneficiaza
din legea
numerelor
mari

Prime de asigurare

Despagubiri

Contributiile multora acopera pierderile unora

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Piata asigurarilor
Cei care cauta
sa cumpere asigurari
Publicul General
Groups
Companii
Asiguratorii
Reasiguratorii

Cei care cauta

sa vanda asigurari
Copaniile de Asigurare
Lloyd's of London
Reasiguratorii
Guvernul

Intermediarii
Brokerii de pe piata Lloyd's
Brokeri
Consultanti
Agenti

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Procesul de Underwriting
CLIENT
BROKER

UNDERWRITER
Refuza
Accepta
Prima de Asigurare
Termene si Conditii
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Procesul de Underwriting
CLIENT
PRODUCING BROKER
LLOYDS
BROKER

LONDON
MARKET
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OVERSEAS
DOMESTIC
MARKET

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Coasigurarea
The Direct
Insured (oil co.)

(100%)

BROKER
Coinsurance
Co.A
30%

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Co.B
20%

Co.C
20%

Co.D
15%

Co.E
15%

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Reasigurarea
The Direct
Insured (oil co.)

(100%)

BROKER
Coinsurance
Co.A
30%

Reinsurance
50% of 30%
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Co.B
20%

Co.C
20%

Co.D
15%

Co.E
15%

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Reinsurance
Reinsurance

Facultative

Treaty

Proportional

Quota Share

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Surplus Lines

Non-Proportional

Excess of Loss

Stop Loss

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Reinsurance Relationships

Direct Insured

Contract of
Insurance

Insurer
Reinsured or Cedant

Contract of
Reinsurance

Reinsurer
Retrocedant
Retrocessionaire
NB Privity of contract in each case!
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Contract of
Retrocession

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How the Intermediaries Place Business

Insure Me
Quotation
Placement
Accounting

Documentation
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Independent Intermediary

identify best market

negotiate terms & conditions
advice re policy wording
collect premiums

advise re claims
uninsured loss recovery
granting cover
issuing cover notes

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4. Funciile asigurrii i reasigurrii (I)

Funciile asigurrii

Compensarea financiar a pierderilor

Prevenirea pagubelor
Funcia financiar
Economisirea
Reducerea costurilor statului
Provovarea comerului invizibil

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4. Funciile asigurrii i reasigurrii (II)

Funciile reasigurrii

Protejare asigurtorii direci

Obinere grad de stabilitate a ratei daunelor
Dispersare mare a riscurilor
Cretere flexibilitate asigurtor
Stabilitate prin evitarea fluctuaiilor daunelor
Crete capacitatea de subscriere a asigurtorilor

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The Meaning of Risk

480TURBO

The Insured Object

The Peril Insured Against
The Probability of Loss

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Riscurile n asigurri

Calculabile
S nu poat fi evitate
S nu poat fi contientizate
Suportabile
Compensatorii
Contractuale

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Nature Of Perils
EXCLUDED Perils: An exception, or exclusion under the policy
UNINSURED Perils: Just not mentioned under the policy
INSURED Perils: Things covered under the policy

Under the policy there

are three possibilities,
see above
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Risk Management

Identification
Frequency
Evaluation
Severity

Economic Control

Physical
Pre loss
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Post loss

Financial
Retention

Transfer

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Classes of Insurance

Marine

Non-marine
Property
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Aviation

Life

Motor
Non-marine Casualty

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Clasificarea asigurrilor (I)

Criterii
Tipul i natura riscurilor asigurate
Via
Non-via
Modul de realizare a raporturilor juridice
Prin efectul legii sau obligatorie
Contractual sau facultativ

Domeniul asigurrii
De bunuri
De persoane
De rspundere civil
De interes financiar
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Clasificarea asigurrilor (II)

Riscul asigurat
>
>
>
>

Pentru riscuri cu caracter natural

De accidente
De rspundere civil
De deces

Teritoriul pe care se acord acoperirea

> Interne
> Externe

Natura i tipul raporturilor stabilite

> Directe
> indirecte
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Main Classes of Insurance

GENERAL NON-LIFE
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Transportation Insurances
Property
Pecuniary
Liability Insurance
Health Insurances
Package insurance

LIFE

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Main Classes of Insurance

GENERAL NON-LIFE

1. Transportation Insurances
Motor
Marine
Aviation

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Main Classes of Insurance

GENERAL NON-LIFE
2. Property

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Fire & Special perils

Theft
Money
Engineering
Glass
Goods in transit
All Risks
Livestock

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Main Classes of Insurance

GENERAL NON-LIFE
3. Pecuniary

Fidelity guarantee
Legal expenses
Credit
Business interruption

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Main Classes of Insurance

GENERAL NON-LIFE
4. Liability Insurance
Employers liability
Public liability
Products liability
Professional indemnity

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Main Classes of Insurance

GENERAL NON-LIFE
5. Health Insurances
Personal Accident
Sickness
Medical expenses

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Main Classes of Insurance

GENERAL NON-LIFE
6. Package insurance
Travel insurance
Traders combined
Household

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Main Classes of Insurance

II. LONG TERM INSURANCES

Life Assurance
Term Assurance
Whole Life
Endowment

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