Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Dimensionarea
serpentine unui cuptor
de piroliz a benzinei.
CUPRINS
.28
4.2.1.Entalpia de reacie. Entalpia amestecului de
reacie..28
4.2. 2Calculul serpentine n sectorul 1 din zona de radiaie (ZR)
...33
4.2.3.Calculul serpentine n sectorul 2 din zona de radiaie (ZR)
...36
4.2.4.Calculul serpentine n sectorul3 din zona de radiaie (ZR)
....39
5. Breviar de
rezultat.
..40
6.Bibliografie
1. OBIECTIVE:
Stabilirea numrului de serpentine n paralel;
Dimensionarea serpentinei: determinarea lunigimii acesteia n
ZC, ZR; numr coturi;
bilanuri masice, termice pe serpentin;
determinarea parametrilor de funcionare (presiune,
temperatur) de-a lungul serpentinei;
estimare VV (LHSV, h-1) i a timpului total de staionare n
zona de reacie.
%Vol. distilat
0
5
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
95
100
Temperatura,
60
69
75
85
92
100
108
116
124
134
144
151
160
180
160
140
120
100
Temperatura,
80
60
40
20
0
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
%Vol. distilat
80
90 100
20
tC =79 620
tR =318 470
kcal
m2h ;
kcal
m2h ;
Component
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Hidrogen
Metan
Acetilen
Eten
Etan
Propen
Propan
C4
(C3H4; C4H4; 1-C4H6; 1,2-, 1,3-C4H6)
Butene
H2
CH4
C2H2
C2H4
C2H6
C3H6
C3H8
C4H5
Compoziie,
%mas
0,50
5,20
0,40
25,00
4,10
18,40
2,60
7,70
Masmola
r
2,016
16,043
26,038
28,054
30,070
42,081
44,097
53,084
C4H8
7,40
56,108
10
11
12
C4H10
-
4,70
16,00 (xcf)
8,00
3) Caracterisitici constructive
Dimensiuni tuburi:
Diametru interior
Diametru exterior
Lungime
di = 80 mm
de = 100 mm
Lu = 8 m
4) Cinetic
Se admite o cinetic aparent (global) de ordin I pentru piroliza benzinei:
R=kC bz
Unde: R viteza de reacie,
kmol bz transf
3
m s
kmol
3
.
m
58,123
(MP)
250
INSTALAIA DE PIROLIZ
Schema unei instalaii de piroliz a benzinei,redus la parile component eseniale,este
redat in figura urmtoare ,distingndu-se secia cald i secia rece a instalaiei.
Fig. Schema de principiu,redus a unei instalaii tipice de piroliz,cu indicarea sec iei calde
i reci.
1-cuptor
2-generator de abur
3-coloan de fracionare
4-compresor
5-secie de fracionare
Instalaia cuprinde urmtoarele secii principale:
-secia de piroliz propriu-zis;
-secia de pretratare i comprimare a gazelor de piroliz;
-secia de recuperare a produselor utile din gazele de piroliz.
Dup mpdul n care se asigur cldura necesar reaciilor de piroliz,instalaiile industrial pot fi:
-instalaii cu cuptor tubular;
8
20
d 4 =0,740
20
15,6
d 15,6
15,6=0,9952d 4 +0,00806 d 15,6=0,745
15,6
15,6
15,6
d 15,6=1,001d 4 d 4 =0,744
20
20
d 15,6
15,6=0,9915 +0,00806 =0,742 g/ ml
141,5
131,5 API =58,558
d 15,6
15,6
Variaia densitii, L, kg/m3, a unei fraciuni petroliere sau a unui iei n faz lichid cu
temperatura poate fi estimat cu funcia:
t20
20
L ( d 20
4 ,t ) =d 4 1000
20 2
2,296,34d 20
4 +5,965( d 4 )
Nr. Crt
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
%Vol.distilat
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
Temperatura,
60
75
92
108
124
144
160
L ( d 20
4 ,t 30 %vol
L ( d 20
4 ,t 50 %vol
L ( d 20
4 ,t 70 %vol
6020
=705,774 kg/m 3
2
2,296,340,740+5,9650,740
(
)
7520
=692,939 kg /m
)=0,740(1000
2,296,340,740+5,9650,740 )
9220
=678,393 k /m
)=0,740(1000
2,296,340,740+5,9650,740 )
10820
=664,702 k /m
)=0,740(1000
2,296,340,740+5,9650,740 )
12420
=651,012 k /m
)=0,740(1000
2,296,340,740+5,9650,740 )
L ( d 20
4 ,t 0 %vol ) =0,740 1000
L ( d 20
4 ,t 10 %vol
Temperatura, K
333,15
348,15
365,15
381,15
397,15
417,15
433,15
10
14420
( 2,296,340,740+5,9650,740
)=633,899 k /m
16020
=620,208 k /m
)=0,740(1000
2,296,340,740+5,9650,740 )
L ( d 20
4 ,t 90 %vol )=0,740 1000
L ( d 20
4 ,t 100%vol
720
700
680
L, kg/m3
660
640
620
600
50
70
90
110
130
150
170
Temperatura,
Panta:
tmVf =
pa=
t 90 t 10
pa=0,8625
80
75+92+108+124+ 144
=1 08,6
5
(1,18097010
tmVf 3 +3,70687pa 3
2
2
=108,60,3161379e
1
tmVf 3 +5,163875pa 4
11
(1,18097010
2
2
3
3
( 108,6 ) +3,70687(0,8625 )
=10
3
( 108,6 ) +5,163875(
=108,6+2,599348102e 2,70642110
(8,99703110
tmVf 20 +2,456791 pa 20
(1,27996410
=108,60,4388152e
tmVf 3 +3,646779pa 3
(8,99703110
=108,60,2161448e
9
2
(1,27996410
20
20
( 108,6 ) +2,456791( 0,8625 )
2
3
1
3
103,403
tmMef =
15,6
15,6
1
3
[ 1,8(103,443+ 273,15)]
0,745
1
3
=11,791
4,98308
3
15,6
(2,09710 4TmMef7,78712d15,6
15,6 +2,0847610 TmMefd15,6 )
=42,9654
Astfel, relaia se poate utilize pentru TmMef cuprins ntre 305 K i 838 K (32-565 ), d 15,6
ntre 0,63i 0,97i Mm = 70 700, cu o eroare de max. cca 7%.
C
3.5.Raport H
12
C
Raportul masic H
18,2753
Tb0,98445( d15,6
15,6 )
Rw C =8,77431010e
H
%Vol.
distilat
0
10
30
50
70
90
Ai
Bi
Ci
2,9747
1,4459
0,8506
3,2680
8,2873
10,6266
0,8466
0,9511
1,0315
0,8274
0,6871
0,6529
0,4209
0,1287
0,0817
0,6214
0,9340
1,1025
13
=8,77431010e( 7,17610
Domeniu de temperatur
(ASTM),
10 265
60 320
90 340
110 355
130 400
160 520
381,1
100
7,9952
0,6949
0,8466
0,4209
0,9511
0,1287
1,0737
0,745
0,745
190 430
=359,170 K
=364,955 K
0,8274
0,745
0,6214
=371,911 K
0,6529
0,745
1,1025
=394,671 K
%Vol.
distilat
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
Temperatura pe curba VE la
presiunea atmosferic, K
359,170
364,955
365,149
371,911
384,369
394,671
396,062
Temperatura pe curba VE la
presiunea atmosferic,
86,02
91,805
91,999
98,761
111,219
121,521
122,912
14
140
120
100
80
Temperautra,
60
40
20
0
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
%Volum
log ( p )
41
1 Tnf 1393
0,998 3,2041
1393+
Tnf 41
Tf =
log ( p )
1
1 Tnf 1393
0,998 3,2041
1+
Tnf 41
Presiunea : p=5,3
15
1 359,1701393
0,998
3,2041
1393+
359,17041
Tf 1=
=425,108 K
log 10 (5,3)
1
1 359,1701393
0,998
3,2041
1+
359,17041
log 10 (5,3)
41
1 364,9551393
0,998
3,2041
1393+
364,95541
Tf 2=
=431,638 K
log 10 (5,3)
1
1 364,9551393
0,998
3,2041
1+
364,95541
log 10 (5,3)
41
1 365,1491393
0,998
3,2041
1393+
365,14941
Tf 3=
=431,857 K
log 10(5,3)
1
1 365,1491393
0,998
3,2041
1+
365,14941
log 10 (5,3)
41
1 371,9111393
0,998
3,2041
1393+
371,91141
Tf 4=
=439,471 K
log 10 (5,3)
1
1 371,9111393
0,998
3,2041
1+
371,91141
log 10 (5,3)
41
1 384,3691393
0,998
3,2041
1393+
384,36941
Tf 5=
=453,445 K
log 10 (5,3)
1
1 384,3691393
0,998
3,2041
1+
384,36941
16
log 10 (5,3)
41
1 394,6711393
0,998
3,2041
1393+
394,67141
Tf 6=
=464,949 K
log 10 (5,3)
1
1 394,6711393
0,998
3,2041
1+
394,67141
log 10 (5,3)
41
1 396,0621393
0,998
3,2041
1393+
396,06241
Tf 7=
=466,498 K
log 10 (5,3)
1
1 396,0621393
0,998
3,2041
1+
396,06241
%Volum
0
10
30
50
70
90
100
Temperatura pe curba VE la
presiunea de 5,3 bar, K
425,108
431,638
431,857
439,471
453,445
464,949
466,498
Temperatura pe curba VE la
presiunea de 5,3 bar,
151,958
158,488
158,707
166,321
180,295
191,799
193,348
17
200
180
160
140
120
Temperatura,
100
80
60
40
20
0
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
%Volum
3.8.Vscoziti
Vscozitatea cinematic, L, m2/s, a unei fraciuni petroliere lichide la diferite temperaturi t,
, se poate exprima cu relaia:
L (d
15,6
15,6
[
)
, K w ,t =
101,766
29,263 106K w
0,525
( d K w )
15,6
15,6
xv (d 15,6
15,6 , K w )
Unde:
[ 4,717+0,0029254(d
15,6
xv ( d 15,6 , K w ) =e
15,6
15,6
Kw )
xv(d15,6
, K w)
15,6
t +273
15,6
xv (d 15,6 , K w )=812,344
101,766
29,263 10611,791
0,525
812,344
( 0,74511,791 )
151,958+273
L ( d 15,6
,
K
,t
=
e
=3,198107 m2 / s
15,6
w 0 %vol )
812,344
18
101,766
29,263 10611,791
0,525
812,344
( 0,74511,791 )
158,488 +273
L ( d 15,6
,
K
,t
=
e
=3,106107 m2 /s
)
15,6
w 10 %vol
812,344
101,766
29,263 10611,791
0,525
812,344
( 0,74511,791 )
158,707 +273
L ( d 15,6
,
K
,t
=
e
=3,103107 m2 /s
)
15,6
w 30 %vol
812,344
101,766
29,263 10611,791
0,525
812,344
(
0,74511,791
)
15,6
166,321 +273
L ( d 15,6 , K w ,t 50 %vol )=
e
=3,004107 m2 /s
812,344
101,766
29,263 10611,791
0,525
812,344
( 0,74511,791 )
15,6
180,295+273
L ( d 15,6 , K w ,t 70 %vol )=
e
=2,837107 m2 /s
812,344
101,766
29,263 10611,791
0,525
812,344
( 0,74511,791 )
191,799 +273
L ( d 15,6
,
K
,t
=
e
=2,714107 m2 / s
15,6
w 90 %vol )
812,344
101,766
29,263 10611,791
0,525
812,344
( 0,74511,791 )
193,348+273
L ( d 15,6
,
K
,t
=
e
=2,698107 m2 / s
15,6
w 100%vol )
812,344
Metoda permite determinarea vscozitii cinematice, cSt, a unei fraciuni petroliere lichide pe
baza t50% vol. distilate:
B
(
)
e Tb
V
L =A V
Unde:
AV =
( 91,83Tb0,17529,263 )K w
BV
B V =e4,717 +0,00526Tb
Tb este temperatura, K, la 50% vol. distilate.
Tb=439,471 K
B V =e4,717 +0,00526439,471 BV =1128,47
19
AV =
( 91,83439,4710,17529,263 )11,791
1128,47
AV =0,0250
B
1128,47
(
(
)
Tb )
e =0,0250e 439,471 =0,325 cSt
V
L =A V
Ga=G MPra=1500
kg
kg abur
kg
0,60
=900
h
kg mp
h
20
i 2C
Qf 1 C = tc d eL1 C
Entalpia amestecurilor complexe de hidrocarburi (fraciunilor petroliere) n stare lichid, kJ/kg, la
o temperatur t, , se poate stabili cu ecuaia simpl:
15,6
15,6
15,6
2
(
)
(
)
(
)
I L ( d15,6
15,6 , K w , t iC ) = [ 2,9641,3320,745 100+ 0,0030740,0011540,745 100 ] 0,053811,791+ 0,3544 =
2
(
)
(
)
(
I L ( d15,6
15,6 , K w , t i 2 C )= [ 2,9641,3320,745 151,958+ 0,0030740,0011540,745 151,958 ] 0,053811,791
iC
( )
( )
MP ( d 20
4 , t iC ) =0,740 1000
iC
MP
i2C
10020
=671,547 kg/m3
2
2,296,340,740+5,965( 0,740 )
151,95820
3
=627,089 kg/ m
2
2,296,340,740+5,965( 0,740 )
21
m 1 C =
w iC=
MP + MP
671,547+627,089
=
=649,318 kg /m3
2
2
iC
i2 C
GMP
MP
iC
=
2
3600d i
4
w i2 C =
w 1C =
4GMP
2
i
3600d MP
4G MP
2
i
3600d MP
=
i 2C
=
iC
41500
=0,123m/ s
3600( 0,08 )2671,547
41500
=0,132m/ s
2
3600( 0,08 ) 627,089
L1 C
m 1 C w2 0,03667,793 649,3180,12752
di
0,08
p1 C =
=
=18,816 Pa
2
2
m 1 C =
d iw1 Cm 1C
m 1 C
m1 C =
d iw1 C
m1 C
t iC =100
t i 2 C =151,958
t m 1C =
t iC + t i 2 C 100+151,958
=
=125,979
2
2
101,766
29,263 10611,791
0,525
812,344
( 0,74511,791 )
15,6
125,979+273
L ( d 15,6 , K w ,t m1 C ) =
e
=3,621107 m2 /s
812,344
m1 C =
d iw1 C 0,080,1275
=
=28169,014 2300 Regim turbulent , chiar rugoz
m1 C
3,621107
22
Qf 1 C = tc d eL1 C =796200,17,793=1,949105 kJ /h
4.1.2. Calculul serpentine n sectorul 2 din zona de convecie (ZC)
ti2c=151.958C
pi2c=5.499 bar
ti3c=t100%VE=193.34 bar
pi3c=5.3 bar
4
p1 C =18,816 Pa=1,88210
pi 2C = piC p1 C =5,51,882104=5,499
tcd eL2 C =GMP( H tMPhtMP )
i3 C
i2 C
2
(
)
(
)
(
I L ( d15,6
15,6 , K w , t i 2 C )= [ 2,9641,3320,745 151,958+ 0,0030740,0011540,745 151,958 ] 0,053811,791
Pentru fraciuni petroliere vapori, entalpia specific, kJ/kg, se poate calcula cu relaia:
15,6
15,6
15,6
2
(
I V ( d 15,6
15,6 , K w , t ) =532,17210,61d15,6 + ( 1,82130,45638d 15,6 )t+ ( 0,00234470,00059037d 15,6 ) t + 4,187
(
)
(
I V ( d 15,6
15,6 , K w , t i3 C ) =532,17210,610,745+ 1,82130,456380,745 193,348+ 0,00234470,000590370,7
tcd eL2 C =GMP( H tMPhtMP ) 796200,1L2 C =1500( 733,283346,795 ) L2 C =23,176 m
i3 C
Numr de coturi:
i2 C
n1C=0
n2C=3
Lechcot =75d i
Lech =L2 C +n2 C75d i=23,176+3750,08=41,176 m
2C
L ech
m 2 C( wm 2 C )2
di
p2 C =
2
2C
i 2 C =627,089 kg /m3
23
p i3 C M MP ( pi 2 C p2 C )M MP
=
RT i 3 C
RT i 3C
i 3 C =
m 2 C =
i 2 C + i 3C
2
w m 2C =
w i 2 C + wi 3 C
2
][
2
100M MP( p i 2C 105 p 2C )
RT i3 C
1
0,03
p2 C =
i 2C +
+
=
2
2
5
5
RT i3 C
i 2 C 100M MP( p i 2C 10 p 2C )
3600 d i
3
2
Lech2 CG MP
p2 C =28532,5 Pa=0,285
w i3 C =
4G MP
i 3 Cd 3600
w m 2C =
i 3 C =
2
i
4GMP
p i 3C
M MPd 2i 3600
RT i 3 C
RT i3 C
0,083466,498
i 2 C + i 3C 627,089+13,800
=
=320,444 kg/ m3
2
2
t i 2 C =151,958
t i 3 C =193,348
t m 2C =
41500
5,214
102,4810,0823600
0,083466,498
wi 2 C + wi 3 C 0,132+ 6,006
=
=3,069 m/s
2
2
( p i 2C p2 C )M MP ( 5,4990,285 )102,481
m 2 C =
t i 2 C + t i 3 C 151,958+193,348
=
=172,653
2
2
24
=13,800 kg/ m3
=6,006 m/
101,766
29,263 10611,791
0,525
812,344
( 0,74511,791 )
172,653+273
L ( d 15,6
,
K
,t
=
e
=2,926107 m2 / s
)
15,6
w m2 C
812,344
m2 C =
d iw2 C 0,083,069
=
=839097,74 2300 Regim turbulent
7
m2 C
2,92610
5
Qf 2 C = tc d eL2C =796200,123,176=5,79710 kJ /h
i3 C
(
)
(
I V ( d 15,6
15,6 , K w , t i3 C ) =532,17210,610,745+ 1,82130,456380,745 193,348+ 0,00234470,000590370,7
(
)
(
)
I V ( d 15,6
15,6 , K w , t iR ) =532,17210,610,745+ 1,82130,456380,745 650+ 0,00234470,000590370,74 65
tcd eL3 C =G MP( H tMPH tMP ) 796200,1L3 C =1500( 2116,594733,283 ) L3C =82,954 m
iR
i3 C
n3 C =11 coturi
Lechcot =75d i
Lech =L3 C +n3 C 75di =82,954+11750,08=148,954 m
3C
p3 C =
RG MPLech 3 C
2
1003600 di M MP
)(
pi 3 C pi 3 C 10 p3 C
Ti3C
T iR
0,03668,31415
+
+
=
2
2
Ti3C
T iR
pi 3 C pi 3 C 105 p3 C
1003600 0
p3 C =30139,5 Pa=0,301
25
w i3 C =
i 3 C =
4G MP
2
i
i 3 Cd 3600
4GMP
p i 3C
M MPd 2i 3600
RT i 3 C
41500
5,214
102,4810,0823600
0,083466,498
=6,006 m/
p i 3C
5,214
M MP=
102,481=13,800 kg/m3
RT i 3 C
0,083466,498
t i 3 C =193,348
t iR =650
t m 3C =
t i 3 C + t iR 193,348+650
=
=421,674 T 3 mC =694,824 K
2
2
Pentru determinarea vscozitii dinamice a unei fraciuni petroliere vapori, V, la presiuni joase
(sub 5-10 bar) se poate utilize relaia:
1
V ( M MP , T iR
m 3 C =
) =0,0092696+ (0,0013835,971210
1
2
1
2
102,481=0,0155 cP
V ( M MP , T 3 mC ) + V ( M MP , T iR ) 1,24105 +1,55105
=
=1,395105 kg/ms
2
2
piR = pi 3 C p 3C =5,2140,301=4,913
w iR=
4GMP
2
i
iRd 3600
w m 3C =
4G MP
piR
M MPd 2i 3600
RT iR
wiR +w i 3C 12,614+6,006
=
=9,31 m/s
2
2
26
41500
4,913
102,4810,0823600
0,083923,15
=12,614 m/s
iR =
( pi 3 C p3 C )M MP ( 5,2140,301 )102,481
RT iR
m 3 C=
3 C =
0,083923,15
=6,571 kg /m3
i 3 C + iR 13,800+6,571
=
=10,185 kg /m 3
2
2
d iwm 3 C m 3 C 0,089,3110,185
=
=543784,08
m 3 C
1,395105
Qf 3 C =tcd eL3C
i:
QMP i 3 C =G MPH i3 C
e:
(
)
(
I V ( d 15,6
15,6 , K w , t i3 C ) =532,17210,610,745+ 1,82130,456380,745 193,348+ 0,00234470,000590370,7
QMP i 3 C =G MPH i3 C =1500733,283=1,099106 kJ /kg
(
)
(
)
I V ( d 15,6
15,6 , K w , t eC ) =532,17210,610,745+ 1,82130,456380,745 650+ 0,00234470,000590370,745
QMP eC=G MPH eC =15002115,346=3173019 kJ /kg
27
H2
2,016
0,005
10-3mol/g
MP alim
2,480
CH4
16,043
0,052
C2H2
26,038
C2H4
ni ( x c ) =
gi ( xc )
Mi
g/g MP alim
0,005
x c
0,84
0,005
x c
0,84
2,016
3,241
0,052
xc
0,84
0,052
x c
0,84
16,043
0,004
0,153
0,004
x c
0,84
0,004
x c
0,84
26,038
28,054
0,250
8,911
0,250
x c
0,84
0,250
x c
0,84
28,054
C2H6
30,070
0,041
1,363
0,041
xc
0,84
0,041
x c
0,84
30,070
C3H6
42,081
0,184
4,372
0,184
x c
0,84
0,184
x c
0,84
42,081
C3H8
44,097
0,026
0,589
0,026
x c
0,84
0,026
x c
0,84
44,097
C4H5
53,084
0,077
1,450
0,077
x c
0,84
0,077
x c
0,84
53,084
C4H8
56,108
0,074
1,318
0,074
x c
0,84
0,074
x c
0,84
56,108
10
C4H10
58,123
0,047
0,808
0,047
x c
0,84
0,047
x c
0,84
58,123
28
11
MP
benzin
102,481
0,160
(1-xcf)
1,561
1x c
1x c
102,481
12
Comb
250
0,080
0,320
0,080
x c
0,84
0,080
x c
0,84
250
13
H2O
18,015
0,600
(ra)
33,305
ra
ra
18,015
1,600
(1+ra)
59,871
1,600
(1+ra)
0,020016x c +0,0430635
M m= y iM i =
i=1
M ms ( xc )=
ni ( xc )
M i
ntsp ( xc )
1+ra
1+0,6
1,6
=
=
ntsp (xc) 0,020016x c +0,0430635 0,020016x c +0,0430635
H ( T ) = H
0
f 25
Cpi ( T ) dT1
+ 298
1000
2
K w Comb=11,1685
20
15,6
298
dT1
=1,69493106T 2+ 0,0277047T 8,40652 kJ /mol
1000
29
Cp 2 ( T )=22,3479+ 48,1275103T
T
298
dT1
=0,0000240637T 2+ 0,0223479T 83,3166 kJ /mo
1000
6
Cp 3 ( T )=27,9609+60,236210 T 19,4676210 T
dT1
=6,48921109 T 3+ 0,000030118
1000
dT1
=1,25217108 T 3 +0,00006084
1000
Cp 5 ( T )=10,2338+158,1230103T 45,56065106T 2
T
298
dT1
=1,51869108 T 3 +0,0000790
1000
Cp 6 ( T )=13,4925+190,9726103T 59,16355106T 2
T
298
Cp 7 ( T )=10,8549+237,631710 T 72,9112310 T
dT1
=1,97212108 T 3 +0,000095486
1000
298
dT1
=2,43037108 T 3+ 0,000118
1000
298
dT1
=2,02918108 T 3+ 0,00009284
1000
Cp 9 ( T )=16,9533+258,8119103T 79,77959106T 2
T
Cp 10 ( T )=15,5790+312,037310 T 98,1720110 T
dT1
=2,65932108 T 3 +0,00012940
1000
30
dT1
=3,2724108T 3 +0,0001
1000
0
fMP
0
f Comb
( T ) = H
0
f 11
( T )= H
M MP T
M MP T
(T )=100+
C p ( t ) dT =100+
1,69578+0,29309 K w 0,45638 d 15,6
(
15,6 ) dT +
1000 298
1000 298
0
f 12
T
M Comb T
M Comb
15,6
3
( T )=100+
(1,69578+0,29309 K w Comb0,45638 d 15,6 Comb ) dT + 1000 10 ( 4,6
1000 298
298
1
Qabur =
MH
T2
T2
C p ( T ) dT=
O T1
1
( 34,4 +0,62775103T +5,6079106T 2) dT =1,03764107T 31 0,00
18,015
T
1
Comp
H 0f 25
H 0fi (T )
kJ /mol
kJ /mol
2
H2
CH4
-74,52
C2H2
228,2
C2H4
52,51
C2H6
-83,82
C3H6
19,71
C3H8
-104,68
C4H5
186,11
C4H8
-9,01
10
C4H10
-129,985
11
-100
12
MP
benzin
Comb
100
13
H2O
-241,814
Comp
H 0fi1000ni ( x c )
xc
31
H2
5
6
2
[ 1,6949310 T + 0,0277047T 8,40652 ]
0,842,016
CH4
52
[ 0,0000240637T 2 +0,0223479T 83,3166 ]
0,8416,043
C2H2
4
[(6,48921)109 T 3 + 0,0000301181T 2 +0,0279609T +217,365 ]
0,8426,038
C2H4
250
[ (1,25217)108 T 3 +0,0000608404 T 2+ 0,0108667T +44,2002 ]
0,8428,054
C2H6
41
8 3
2
[(1,51869)10 T + 0,0000790615T +0,0102338T93,4888]
0,8430,07
C3H6
184
8 3
2
[(1,97212)10 T + 0,0000954863T +0,0134925T +7,73156]
0,8442,081
C3H8
26
[(2,43037)108 T 3 + 0,000118816 T 2 +0,0108549T 117,823]
0,8444,097
C4H5
77
[(2,02918)108 T 3 +0,0000928403 T 2 +0,0246162T +171,067]
0,8453,084
C4H8
74
[(2,65932)108 T 3 + 0,000129406T 2+ 0,0169533T 24,8501]
0,8456,108
10
C4H10
47
8
3
2
[(3,2724)10 T +0,000156019T +0,015579T 147,617 ]
0,8458,123
11
MP
benzin
1000
(0,000195213T 2 +0,0389407T 128,94)
102,481
12
Comb
80
(0,000450552T 2 +0,0435555T + 47,0096)
0,84250
13
H2O
7
Comp
H h spi ( x c ,T )=1000ni ( x c ) H fi
32
H2
5x c
[1,69493106T 2 +0,0277047T8,40652]
0,842,016
CH4
52x c
[0,0000240637T 2 +0,0223479T 83,3166]
0,8416,043
C2H2
4x c
[6,48921109 T 3 +0,0000301181 T 2+ 0,0279609T +217,365]
0,8426,038
C2H4
250x c
[1,25217108 T 3 +0,0000608404 T 2+ 0,0108667T +44,2002]
0,8428,054
C2H6
41x c
8 3
2
[1,5186910 T +0,0000790615 T + 0,0102338T 93,4888 ]
0,8430,070
C3H6
184x c
[1,97212108 T 3 + 0,0000954863T 2+ 0,0134925T +7,73156]
0,8442,081
C3H8
26x c
[2,43037108 T 3 +0,000118816 T 2 +0,0108549T 117,823]
0,8444,097
C4H5
77x c
[2,02918108 T 3 +0,0000928403T 2 +0,0246162T +171,067]
0,8453,084
C4H8
74x c
[2,65932108 T 3 +0,000129406 T 2+ 0,0169533T 24,8501]
0,8456,108
10
C4H10
47x c
[3,2724108T 3+ 0,000156019T 2+ 0,015579T 147,617]
0,8458,123
11
MP
benzin
1000(1x c )
[0,000195213T 2 +0,0389407T 128,94 ]
102,481
12
Comb
80x c
[0,000450552T 2 +0,0435555T + 47,0096]
0,84250
13
H2O
7
33
H h iR =G MPH h sp ( x c ,T iR )=1500(3,86691107923,1530+0,00023804923,1520+0,001904879
iR
t i 2 R=725
Presupunem:
xc 1=0,106382
xc i2 =0+ xc 1 xc i2=0,106382
Qab 1=GMPra
650+273,15
QR 1 =GMP xc 1H R sp
+ 273,15)=15000,106382(3,8669110
( 650+725
2
960,653 +0,000238042960,6
L1 R =
nc 1 R =1
Lech1 R =L1 R + nc1 R75d i=10,273+1750,08=16,273 m
M ms ( xc iR )=
1,6
=37,154
0,0200160+0,0430635
M ms ( xc i 2 )=
1,6
=35,403
0,0200160,106382+0,0430635
p1 R =
][
piR100M ms ( xc iR ) ( 105piR p1 R )M ms ( xc i 2)
T iR
+
T iR
1000T i 2 R
p iR100M ms ( xc iR )
p1 R =30706 Pa=0,307
iR =
piRM ms ( 0 ) 4,91337,154
=
=2,382 kg/m3
RT iR
0,083923,15
i 2 R =
4GMP( 1+ ra )
3600iRd
w i2 R=
2
i
4GMP( 1+ra )
3600i 2 Rd
w m 1 R=
1=
0,083998,15
=1,968 kg /m
iR + i 2 R 2,382+ 1,968
=
=2,175 kg/m3
2
2
m 1 R =
w iR=
2
i
41500(1+0,6)
=55,679 m/s
36002,3820,082
=
41500(1+0,6)
=67,392 m/ s
36001,9680,082
w iR+ wi 2 R 55,679+67,392
=
=61,535 m/s
2
2
L1 R 10,273
=
=0,166 s
w m1 R 61,535
35
T m1 R=
650+725
+273,15=960,65 K
2
lg ( K ) =11,25
10970
K (T m 1 R )=0,677
Tm1 R
K ( T m 1R ) 1
xc 1 v =1e
=1e0,6770,166=0,106297
Presupus: xc 1=0,106382
4.2.3.Calculul serpentine n sectorul 2 din zona de radiaie (ZR)
GMP =1500 kg/h
T i 2 R =998,15 K
6
H hci 2=1,73815810 kJ /h
pi 2 R= p iR p1 R =4,9130,307=4,606
xc i2 =0+ xc 1=0+ 0,106382=0,106382
t i 3 R=761
Presupunem:
xc 2=0,430083
xc i3 =xci 2 + xc 2=0,106382+ 0,430083=0,536465
Bilan termic pe sector:
i:
H h ci 2=G MPH h sp (xc i 2 ,T i 2 R )
761+273,15
725+273,15
36
QR 2=GMP xc 2H R sp
+273,15 )=15000,430083(3,8669110
( 725+761
2
1016,153+ 0,000238042101
L2 R =
nc 2 R =2
Lech2 R =L2 R + nc 2 R75d i =19,73+ 2750,08=31,73m
M ms ( xc i 2 )=
1,6
=35,403
0,0200160,106382+0,0430635
M ms ( xc i 3 )=
1,6
=29,739
0,0200160,536465+0,0430635
p2 R =
][
pi 2 R100M ms ( xc i 2) ( pi 2 R105 p2 R )M ms ( xc i3 )
T i2R
T i2 R
T i 3 R1000
p i2 R100M ms ( xci
p2 R =85208,2 Pa=0,852
i 2 R =
i 3 R =
0,083998,15
=1,968 kg /m3
( p i2 R p 2 R )M ms ( xc i 3 ) ( 4,6060,852 )29,739
m 2 R =
RT i3 R
0,0831034,15
i 2 R + i 3 R 1,968+1,3006
=
=1,6343 kg /m3
2
2
37
=1,3006 kg / m
w i2 R=
w i3 R=
4GMP( 1+ra )
3600i 2 Rd
4GMP( 1+ra )
2
i
3600i 3 Rd
w m 2 R=
2=
2
i
41500(1+0,6)
=67,392 m/ s
36001,9680,082
41500(1+0,6)
=101,975 m/s
36001,30060,08 2
w i 2 R +w i 3 R 67,392+101,975
=
=84,6835 m/s
2
2
L2 R
19,73
=
=0,232 s
w m 2 R 84,6835
T m 2 R=
725+761
+ 273,15=1016,15 K
2
lg ( K ) =11,25
10970
K (T m 2 R )=2,846
Tm2 R
K ( T m 2R ) 2
xc 2 v =( 1xci 2 )( 1e
Presupus: xc 2=0,430083
4.2.4.Calculul serpentine nsectorul 3 din zona de radiaie (ZR)
GMP =1500 kg/h
T i 3 R=1034,15 K
H hci 3=2,798098106 kJ /h
pi 3 R =p i2 R p 2 R =4,6060,852=3,754
xc i3 =0+ xc 1 + xc 2=0,106382+ 0,430083=0,536465
38
t eR=828,622
Presupunem:
xc 3=xc f xc i 3=0,840,536465=0,303535
t eR=828,622 T eR =828,622+273,15=1101,772 K
Bilan termic pe sector:
H h ci 3=G MPH h sp (xc i 3 ,T i 3 R )
761+273,15
QR 3 =GMP xc 3H R sp
+ 273,15)=15000,303535(3,8669110
( 761+828,622
2
1067,9613 + 0,000238042
L2 R =
nc 3 R =2
Lech3 R=L3 R + nc 3 R75d i=16,964+2750,08=28,964 m
M ms ( xc i 3 )=
M ms ( xc f )=
p3 R=
1,6
=29,739
0,0200160,536465+0,0430635
1,6
=26,721
0,0200160,84+ 0,0430635
][
pi 3 R100M ms ( xc i 3 ) ( p i3 R10 5 p3 R )M ms ( xc f )
Ti3 R
T i3R
T eR1000
pi 3 R100M ms ( xc i
39
p3 R=148746 Pa=1,487
i 3 R =
eR =
( p i2 R p 2 R )M ms ( xc i 3 ) ( 4,6060,852 )29,739
RT i3 R
RT eR
w i3 R=
0,0831101,772
=1,3006 kg /m3
=0,6624 kg/ m 3
i 3 R + eR 1,3006+0,6624
=
=0,9815 kg / m3
2
2
4GMP( 1+ra )
2
i
3600i 3 Rd
4G MP( 1+ra )
3600eRd
wm3R=
3=
0,0831034,15
( p i 3 R p3 R )M ms ( xc f ) ( 3,7541,487 )26,721
m 3 R =
w eR=
2
i
41500(1+0,6)
=101,975 m/s
36001,30060,08 2
41500(1+0,6)
=200,225 m/s
36000,66240,082
wi 3 R + weR 101,975+200,225
=
=151,1 m/s
2
2
L3 R 16,964
=
=0,112s
wm 3 R 151,1
T m3 R=
761+828,622
+ 273,15=1067,961 K
2
lg ( K ) =11,25
10970
K (T m 3 R )=9,508
Tm3 R
K ( T m 3 R ) 3
xc 3 v =( 1xc i3 )( 1e
Presupus: xc 2=0,303535
5.Breviar de rezultate
Proprietile zonei de convecie:
Sector
Parametru
ti,
pi, bar
p, bar
L, m
nc, coturi
Lech, m
Rem
Qf, kJ/h
100
5,5
1,882*10-4
7,793
0
151,958
5,499
0,285
23,176
3
41,176
839097,74
5,797*105
193,348
5,214
0,301
82,954
11
148,954
543784,08
2,074*106
650
725
761
28169,014
1,949*105
41
pi, bar
p, bar
L, m
nc, coturi
Lech, m
, s
xc
xcv
4,913
0,307
10,273
1
16,273
0,166
0,106382
0,106297
4,606
0,852
19,73
2
31,73
0,232
0,430083
0,431876
42
3,754
1,487
16,964
2
28,964
0,112
0,303535
0,303725