4

1.

. , XIIXIV , , XVXVII , .
.
. ,
,
. ,
.
,
,
(Lorenzo Valla, 14071457).
. , , , , - ,
, ,
-, - 1.
,
. //
(XV ) / ,
, . . . . ., 1985. . 128.
1

56

, , . .
, . , ,
,
1. 2
(XII, 3) , ,
.
. , , , .

. (Jean Boden, 15301596)
,
1566 ( ),
.
,
: , 9 ; 40 15 ; 6 ,
; ; 12 3.
,
, . . . . 127.

, 3596 . . .
3
.: . . ., 2000. . 313, 315,
318.
1
2

 4.

57

(Jacques Bnigne Bossuet, 16271704) 1.

, ,
: ,
,
2.


, ,
, , . 1419 (Christoforo deBuondelmonti)

. .
1505 ( ) 3. 1515 . 1517
4, 1538
5. 1543
6.
, (Jean Cousin, 14901560) 7.
.: Bossuet J. B. Discours sur lhistoire universelle. Paris, 1681. P. 11, 15,
16, 17, 36, 68 .
2
On trouve dans la seule gypte quatre dynasties ou principautez, celle
de Thebes, celle de Thin, celle de Memphis, et celle de Tanis: cestoit la capitale
de la basse gypte (Bossuet J. B. Discours sur lhistoire universelle. Paris, 1681.
P. 11).
3
Horapollo. Hieroglyphica / Editio princeps by Aldus Manutius. Venice,
1505.
4
Horapollo. Orus Apollo Niliacus de hieroglyphicis notis. Bologna, 1517.
5
Horapollo. Orus Apollo Niliacus de hieroglyphicis notis. Venice, 1538.
6
Orus Apollo. De la signification des notes Hieroglyphiques des Aegyptiens.
Paris, 1543.
7
. : / .
- . ., 1997. . 463464.
, , . ,

(Jean Goujon, 15101568).
1

58

1547 . 1551
. 1555

, , ,
. 1595 -
1. 1554
. 1574

, 1618
. ,
XVI 2.

2.

.
,
.
, , . , , . ,
, .
1
Horapollo. Hieroglyphica Horapollinis, a David Hoeschelio fide codicis
Austani ms. Correcta, suppleta, illustrate. [n.p.] Augustae Vindelicorum, 1595.
2
XVII XVIII .
1727 ., (Johannes Cornelius de Pauw,
1749 .).
, (Jean Mercier, 1570 .),
(David Hoeshel, 15561617), (Nicolas Caussin,
15831651).

 4.

59

1435
(Ciriaco Rizzicolli, 13911452) 1. .
.
, .
(Pesaro). 1514
.
, , XVIIXVIII .
1610
,
(Georg Sandys, 15781644).
,
. A Relation of a Journey,
1615 . . ,
, , 2. .
.
(Cyriac of Ancona).
, .
XIX . , .
. . : The Hieroglyphics of Horapollo /
Translated and introduced by G. Boas; with a new foreword by Anthony Graffon.
With illustrations by Albrecht Drer. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton university press,
1993; Des Niboten Horapollon Hieroglyphenbuch / Herausgeben und bersetzt
K.G. Saur. Mnchen, Leipzig, 2001.
2
, , XVII .
(Thomas Brown, 16051682).
, , , , : He
gathered up all the Food of seven years, which was in the Land of - gypt, and laid
up the Food in the Cities: the Food of the Field which was round about every City,
laid he up in the same.
, (Observations upon
several Plants, mentiond in Scripture), 1683 .
1

60

1614 (Pietro della Valle, 15861652). , . 1616 1626 1.

, .
, .
20- XVII , , - (Nicolas-Claude Fabri
de Peiresc, 15801637) 2. ,
.
-,
.-. 3 (-gidius Lochiensis) 4, . . ,
, . 1633 . .-.
,
1

, : 1650 .
, 1658 .
, 1663 . .
2
-
. , , , , , , . XV XVI .
.-. .
3
XVI .
(Friars Minor Capuchin), .
4
Gilles of Loches.

 4.

61

8- 1.
, ,
.
, .

(Pierius Giovanni delle Fosse Valerianus, 1477
1558) 2.
(Hieroglyphica, sev De
sacris E'gyptiorvm aliarvmqve gentivm literis commentarii), 1556 3.
, . .

1

.-. , ,
(Pierre Gassendi, 15921655).
.: Gassendus Petrus. The Life of the Renowned Nicolaus Claudius Fabricius
Lord of Peiresk, Senator of the Parliament at Aix. Being the sum of all his great
attainments in learning and choise experiments in philosophy, astronomical
operations, physick, policy & antiquity. The like not treated of by any author /
Englished by W. Rand. J. Streeter for Humphrey Moseley, 1657. P. 8990.
.-.
, 1641 .
: Gassendus Petrus N. Claudii Peiresci Vita. , : The Mirrour of True Nobility & Gentility. Being the Life of the
Renowned Nicolaus Claudius Fabricius Lord of Peiresk, Senator of the Parliament
at Aix.
2
(Amorum
libri), 1549 . 1560 .
3
1610 . . .: Ioannis Pierii
Valeriani Bellunensis. Hieroglyphica, sev De sacris E'gyptiorvm aliarvmqve
gentivm literis commentarii Lvgdvni: Sumptibus Pauli Frellon, 1610.

62

3.

XVII - (Athanasius
Kircher, 16021680). ,
, , , , ,
, , , .
, ;
, . 1, 2,
, , . 1631 ,
, .
,
1673 . .
.: Kircher A. Phonurgia nova sive Conjugium Mechanico-physicum Artis et
Naturae Paranympha Phonosophia Concinnatum; qua universa sonorum natura,
proprietas, vires, effectuumque prodigiosorum Causae, nova et multiplici
experimentorum exhibitione enucleantur; Instrumentorum Acusticorum,
Machinarumque ad Naturae prototypon adaptandarum, tum ad sonos ad
remotissima spatia propagandos, tum in abditis domorum recessibus per occultioris
ingenii machinamenta clam palamve sermocinandi modus et ratio traditur, tum
denique in Bellorum tumultibus singularis hujusmodi Organorum Usus, et praxis
per novam Phonologiam Describitur. Campidonae: Per Rudolphum Dreherr, 1673.
1684 . .
.
2

. 1623 . . ,
, . 1624 ., , . 16281631
.
, , . . 16311633 . , . .
1633 . VIII (Collegio Romano).
, .
, ,
.
1

 4.

63

1, 1680
34 2.
(, , , 1646 . 1671 . ) 3
(, , , 1656 . (Herbipoli) 1660
1671 .) 4 (, , ) 5.
1
Kircher A. Ars Magnesia, Hoc est Diqvisitio Bipartita empeirica seu
experimentalis, Physico-Mathematica de Natura, Viribus et prodigiosis effectibvs
Magnetis, quam Cum theorematice, tum problematice propositam, nouoque
methodo ac apodictica seu demonstrativa traditam, variisque usibus ac diuturna
experientiam comprobatam, fauente Deo, tuebitur. Herbipoli: Typis Eliae
Michaelis Zinck, 1631.
2
, , 44
, . , , . -
.
3
Kircher A. Ars magna lucis et umbrae in mundo, atque adeo universa natura,
vires, effectusque uti nova, ita varia novorum reconditiorumque speciminum
exhibitione, ad varios mortalium usus, panduntur. Romae: ex typographia Ludovici
Grignani, 1646; 1671 . .: Kircher A. Ars magna
lucis Amstelodami, Apud Joannem Janssonium a Waesbergae, et Haeredes
Elizaei Weyerstraet, 1671.
4
Kircher A. Itinerarium exstaticum qvo mvndi opificivm id est Coelestis
expansi, siderumque tam errantium quam fixorum natura, vires, proprietates,
singulorumque compositio et structura, ab infimo Telluris globo, vsque ad vltima
Mundi confinia, per ficti raptus integumentum explorata, noua hypothesi exponitur
ad veritatem Interlocutoribus Cosmiele et Theodidacto. Romae: Typis Vitalis
Mascardi, 1656; 1660 1671 . . .: Kircher A. Iter exstaticum. Herbipoli,
1660 1671.
.
5
Kircher A. China Monumentis, qua Sacris qua profanis, nec non naturae et
artis spectaculis, aliarumque rerum memorabilium argumentis illustrate.
Amstelodami, apud Joannem Janssonium a Waesberge et Elizeum Weyerstraet,
1667. (Antwerpiae,
apud Jacobum a Meurs, 1667);
(Amsterdam, by Johannes Janssonius van Waesberge en de Wed.
Wijlen Elizeus Weyerstraet, 1668);
(London, 1669);
(Amsterdam, Chez Jean Janssons

64

1660
(Joannes Janssonius
van Waesberge) .
,
.
. ,
, .
, 1 . .
. .-.

. ,
( ),
(Mutius Vitelleschi) c
.
(Barberini), VIII. , Collegio Romano.
III 16371657 . III . , ,
I,
Waesbergae et les Hritiers dElize Weyerstraet, 1670).
, (Romae: Typis Varesij), .
1
1348 . 1791 .
- .

 4.

65

16581705 . III ,
, 16521654 1.
, (Fabius
Chigi), VII, (Alfons Donnius), - .
, .
16141618 .
2000 2.
.
, , , .
, - , , , .
.
2291 , , , , , , , , , ,
.
. .
,
.
, , , . - , , .
, 1643 .
1
Kircher A. dipus E'gyptiacus, hoc est Universalis Hieroglyphic Veterum
DoctrinF temporum inuria abolit INSTAURATIO. Opus ex omni Orientalium
doctrina & sapientia conditum, nec non viginti diversarum linguarum authoritate
stabilitum. Tomus I. RomF', 1652; Tomus II. Pars prima. RomF', 1653; Tomus
II. Pars altera. RomF', 1653; Tomus III. RomF', 1654.
2

.
30 . .: Athanasius Kircher und seine Beziehungen
zum gelehrten Europa seiner Zeit / Ed. J. Fletcher. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz;
1988. P. 152181.

66

, - 1.
. .
, ,
, 2. , , :
-
, , ,
3.
, ,
, .
. , , 4. , , 1
.: Kircher A. Lingua aegyptiaca restituta opus tripartitum. Quo linguae
Coptae sive idiomatis illius primaeui Aegyptiorum Pharaonici, vetustate temporum
paene collapsi, ex abstrusis Arabum monumentis plena instauratio continetur.
Cui adnectitur svpplementvm Earum rerum quae in Prodromo Copto, et Opere
hoc Tripartito, vel omissa, vel obscurius tradita sunt, nova, et peregrina eruditione
contextum, ad instauratae Linguae usum, speciminis loco declarandum. Romae,
1643.
2
Champollion J. F. Grammaire gyptienne, ou principes gnraux de lcriture
sacre gyptienne appliqu la representation de la langue parle. Paris, 1836.
P. ix.
3
Ibid.
4

.
, 1974 1979 .
: : : . .: Conor R. Athanasius Kircher: a master of a hundred arts,
16021680. Studia Kircheriana. Wiesbaden, 1974; Joscelyn G. Athanasius Kircher:
A Renaissance man and the quest for lost knowledge. London, 1979.

 4.

67

. , ,
. , , ,
- 1. , ,
, , , ,
, , ,
2 . ,
.
,
. ,
,
32
; , ,
. ., : Kircher A. Prodromus Coptus sive Aegyptiacus. Ad
Eminentiss. Principem S.R.E. Cardinalem Franciscum Barberinum. in quo Cum
linguae Coptae, sive Aegyptiacae, quondam Pharaonicae origo, aetas, vicissitudo,
inclinatio; tum hieroglyphicae literaturae instauratio, uti per varia variarum
eruditionum, interpretationumque difficillimarum specimina, ita nova quoque et
insolita methodo exhibentur, Romae, 1636; Kircher A. Obeliscus Pamphilius,
hoc est, interpretatio Nova et hucusque intentata Obelisci Hieroglyphici Quem
non ita pridem ex Veteri Hippodromo Antonini Caracallae Caesaris, in Agonale
Forum transtulit, integritati restituit, et in Vrbis Aeternae ornamentum erexit
Innocentius X Pont. Max. in quo post varia Aegyptiacae, Chaldaicae, Hebraicae,
Graecanicae Antiquitatis, doctrinaeque qua Sacrae, qua Profanae monumenta,
Veterum tandem Theologia, hieroglyphicis inuoluta symbolis, detecta e tenebris
in lucem asseritur. Romae, 1650; Kircher A.. Sphynx mystagoga, sive Diatribe
Hieroglyphica, qua Mumiae ex Memphiticis Pyramidum adytis erutae, et non
ita pridem in Galliam transmissae juxta veterum Hieromystarum mentem
intentionemque, plena fide et exacta exhibetur interpretation. Romae, 1676;
(Amstelodami, 1676).
2
.
: Gelaldinum Abdalhakem, Anbahni, Othmanex Salcha, Ben Gabasch,
Altbahni, Abdalla Elsaiana, Ismal Scianscia, Abdalla Ben Cheled. .: Kircher
A. dipus E'gyptiacus. Tomus I. RomF', 1652. P. 75.
1

68

, . 1 ,
2, 3 ,
,
- , , 4.
. . ,
, , . , 5. ,

XVII .
. , . () ( I) 6,
nomos (
IIV) 7. IX . 8. , , De Regibus gypti, eorumque successione,
& rebus gestis, iuxta Menethonem, Africanum, Eusebium, alisque (
.
().
3
.
4
Manethon igitur Sybennita noster historiam Aegyptiorum seu Regum
breuissima descriptione complexus, in 32. Dynastias sive principatus digessit;
quarum quindecim utpot ex monumentis Aegyptiorum depromtas, e qu potuit
fide & diligenti descripsit; ex quo Africanus pleraque sua hausit, uti & Eusebius
Pamphylus, & Iosephus contra Apionem, ex quibus deinde reliqui Authores
Chronologi sua plerique decerpentes, & Manethonem in varia discerpentes, ita
vari interpretati sunt, ut multi tant confusione perplexi, de veritate Dynastiarum,
aut fide etiam Authoris dubitauerint (Kircher A. dipus E'gyptiacus. Tomus I.
RomF', 1652. P. 69).
5
. . . . 177.
6
Kircher A. dipus E'gyptiacus. Tomus I. P. 23.
7
Ibid. P. 447.
8
Ibid. P. 6882.
1
2

 4.

69

, , ) 1.

(Chronologia Rerum Aegypti, Regnum Deorum seu Heroum) 2,
3. . 4.

(De Politica Aegyptiorum) . 5.
: () () (Architectura seu Theogonia Deorum) 6.
, , , , , , 7. ,
8.
. . , .
XIX ,

.
- 9.
Kircher A. dipus E'gyptiacus. Tomus I. P. 83112.
Ibid. P. 103104.
3
Ibid. P. 105111.
4
, .
.
5
Kircher A. dipus E'gyptiacus. Tomus I. P. 113163.
6
Ibid. P. 164244.
7
Ibid. P. 245395.
8
Ibid. P. 396424.
9
,
, . . .
(18571934). ,
(.: . . . . . 108109).
, . .
1
2

70

, . , .
. . , , , . ,
(
), .

.
. . (1646
1716). , , , ,
1,
, 16 1670 .
1672
XIV (Consillium Aegyptiacum),
2.
. .
.

() , .
. : Fourier J.B. J. Prface historique // Description de Lgypte
ou Recueil des observations et des recherches qui ont t faites en gypte pendant
lexpdition de larme franase. Seconde edition. Ddie au roi. Tome premier.
AntiquitsDescriptions. Paris, 1822. P. III. , XIV, .: Vandal A. Louis
XIV et gypt. Paris, 1889.
1
2