Pretreatment of oily samples for analysis by flow injectionspectrometric methods

Talanta, Volume 83, Issue 3, 15 January 2011, Pages 691-699

Jos Luis Burguera, Marcela Burguera

Abstract
This review presents a critical discussion of selected reports dealing with the pretreatment
methods of oily samples and the determination of their organic and inorganic constituents using
flow systems and spectrometric methods. Special emphasis is given to the on-line couplings with
detection systems based on UVvisible spectrophotometry and spectrofluorimetry, atomic
absorption spectrometry either with flame or electrothermal atomization as well as inductively
coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry or inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry.
Simple dilution with organic solvents, digestion with concentrated acids under thermal heating,
microwave or ultrasound radiation and emulsification procedures are mostly used. The empirical
preparation of certain organized assemblies like micelles, emulsions and specially
microemulsions added to the confusion of some of the terms, demand a brief description of their
characteristics, the correct formulation and some of their applications to the manipulation and
treatment of oily samples.
The analytical capabilities of combining flow manifolds with spectrometric methods for the
determination of specific parameters in oily samples apparently have not been sufficiently
exploited yet.

Keywords

Oily samples;
Flow injection;
Spectrometric methods;
Sample pretreatment;
Microemulsions

Pretratarea probelor de ulei pentru analiza prin metode spectrometriceinjecie n flux

Aceast revizuire prezinta o discuie critic a unor rapoarte selectate care se ocup cu metodele de
pretratare de probe uleioase i stabilirea componentelor acestora, organice i anorganice folosind sisteme
de curgere i metode spectrometrice.
Un accent deosebit este dat la cuplajele on-line cu sistemele de detectare bazate pe UV-vizibil cum ar
fi:spectrofotometrie i spectrofluorimetrie, spectrometrie de absorb ie atomic cu flacr, fie atomizare
electrotermica, precum i cuplarea unei plasme spectrometrice de emisie optic sau spectrometrie de
mas cu plasm cuplat inductiv.
Diluarea simpla cu solveni organici, digestia cu acizi concentrati sub nclzire termic, procedurile la
microunde sau radiatiile cu ultrasunete i de emulsionare sunt cele mai utilizate.
Prepararea empiric a unor ansambluri organizate, cum ar fi micelii, emulsiile i in special microemulsiile
adugate la confuzia unora dintre termeni, cer o scurt descriere a caracteristicilor acestora, formularea
corect i o parte din cererile lor de manipularea respectiv tratarea probelor uleioase.
Capacitile analitice combinand varietati de curgere cu metodele spectrometrice pentru determinarea
parametrilor specifici n probele uleioase se pare c nu au fost suficient exploatate nc.