EM

Pogta civil5 in timpul celei de a

doua ocupatii rusegti a Bucovinei
(iunie 1916 - ianuarie 1918)

Civil post during the second

Russian occupation of Bucovina
(Iune 1916 - January 1918)

dr Dah Sirrlion GRECU, MD

Despre potta militare rusi ln timpul ocupatiilor
Bucovinei din anii 1914-1918 (parte a Austriei la
acea datd) s-a scris destul de mult, inclusiv in presa
filatlicir, iar lucrurile sunt acum in mare parte cunoscute dupl publicareain Rusia a catalogului pottei
militare ruse9ti'?. Dar prea pulin se ttie despre
situalia corespondenlei civile in lunilein care Bucovina a intrat sub ocupalie militar5 ruseasci, Despre
acest lucru, ca $i despre subiectul pradic necunoscut
alcenzurii
enzurii rusettiin Bucovina, va fi vorba maijos.
Dar mailnt6iceteva date istorice
)rice enerale.
eenerale.
1. Prima oaupatie ruseasd a unuiteritoriu slab
apirat de austrieciva avea loc la putin timp dupi izbucnirea rizboiului: in fala avansului rusesc, guvernatorul Meran perisette Bucovina la 31 august
1914, Cerniuliuleste declaratorat deschis, lipsit de
aplrare, fiind ocupat la 2 septembrie 1914, pentru
ca la 15 septembrie ru5iisi ocupe Storojinetul, atingend pe Siret limita ocupaliei lor, Prin voluntarii co-

lonelului Fischer (cu baza la cura Humorulul ti

Cempulung), austro-ungarii recupereazi in octom-

brie doar zona dintre Siret Si Prut (inclusiv capitala,

la 2l octombrie 1914), terltoriulde peste Prut rlmenendin continuarein st6panire ruseasd. Dar la scurt
timp rugii trec din nou Prutul, intrand :ardgiin Cerneuti la 26 noiembrie 1914, ti ajungand de aceasti
dati panl dincolo de Valea Putnei {la 3 ianuarie
1915 cuceresc Suceava, iar la 6 ianuarie Cempulung
Mo.!dovenesc).

ln februarie 1915, ei se retrag sub presiunea

Grup-Armotei Pflonzer-Bdltin, evacuand la 13 februarie Cerniulii, care reintrS, patru zile maiterziu,
sub administrare austriacd,
Nu cunosc niciun exemplu de corespondentS militari sau civilS circulati in Bucovina in aceaste perioade, cu toate ci in litratur5 este menlionat un
oficiu pottal de tapi, 3TAnHOE nOqT. TE EfP,
OTAM. No. 228, care a functionat din 23 ianuarie

1915 in Cerniuli (ti peni la evacuare, deci scurt

timp). Un alt oficiu ar fi fost destinat se fie stabilit in
Cerneuti, Sianume 156, dar acesta a ajuns prea ter-

ziu,ln 3 februarie 1915, ii se pare cd nu a mai funclionat efectiv.

2. A doua ocuoatie ruseascS. A avut loc ca ur-

About the Russlan military post during the occupation of Sucovina in the years 1914-1918 (part of
Austria of that time) there is a lot written, including
in the philatelic pressl, and things are now mostly
known afterthe publication in Russia ofthe Russian
military post catalogue?. But too little is known
about the situation of the civil correspondences in
the months in which Bucovina was under Russian
military occupation. About this, as wellas about the
pradically unknown subjed of the Russian censorship in Bucovina, we willspeak below.
But first some general historicaldata.
1. The firsl Russian occuoation of a territory
poorly defended by the Austrians will take place
shortly after the war startedi in front ofthe Russian
advance, Merangovernor leaves Bucovina on August
31n 1914 Chernoltsy is de'clared an open city,lacking
defence, being occupied on September 2d 1914, so
that on September 15th the Russians will occupy
Storozhynets, reaching on the river Siret, the boundary oftheir occupation, Through the colonel Fischer's
volunteers (with headquarter5 at Gura Humorului and
Campulung), the Austro-Hungarians take back in Octoberonlythe area between the rivec Siret and Prut
(including the capital, on October 21* 1914), the territory over Prut being stillunder Russian domination.
But shortly

afterthe

Russian5 cross the river Prut once

more, enterinS Chernovtsv again on November 25s

1914 and thistime reaching beyond Valea Putnei (on

lanuary 3d 1915 they conquer Suceava and on January 5th Campulung Moldovenesc).
ln February 1915 they retreat underthe pressure
ol Grup-Armotei Pflonzer-Bolt r, evacuating Chernovtsy on February 13th, which reenters, four days
late6 underAustrian administration.
ldo not know of any examplesof militaryor civilian correspondences circulated in Bucovina in this
period, although in literature there is mention of a
stage post office, aTAnHOE nOqT. TElEfP. OTAln.
No. 228, which operated trom January 23d 1915 in
ChernovtsJ {and untilthe evacuation, so onlya short
time). Another office was intended to be established
in Chernowsy, respectivelv 156, butthis reached too
late, on February 3d 1915, and it appearsto have not

mare a Ofensivei Brusilov, lnceputi la 5 iunie 1916,

fundioned effectively,

cand Bucovina a fost ocupat5 de ce!(e Armqts 9

Rusd. Oratul Cern5uti a fost ocupat in 5/18 iunie
1916. Panl in 25 iunie rutii ajung pe linia vest Horo-

2, The second Russian occuoation- Took place as

a consequence of the Brusilov Offensive, started in
June 5th 1916, when Bucovina was occupied by the
Russion
Amy.The city of Chernovtsy was

denka

vest Snyatin - Viinita

FAbr"nd",
ep,t"in - lh e Russion
vino During

vest

Campu-

>>>

in Northern BucoWWl,ThePost-Rider No. 41l 1997 (reprintin

Posts

Romanian Postal History Bulletin No, 23 / 1997), Grecu

Dan-Simion - Sucoyino
timpul ocupolillor ruse$ti,

pagina 24

>>>

Buletinul ABB, / aucoyir a du ng Russion occupotions, ABB

Bulletin, nr. / no.35, 2001.
2
Ardalion Vinokurov ti Ae)nde. Epstein - RusJid, Fr'eldpost
in 19X4-7978, Moscova 2006, 194 pagini A4 doar in limba
rusE / Moscow 2006, 194A4 pages, only in Russian.

lunr. Dozitie p;strati in 2ona Bucovinei pani in

10

linia
beli-

15 iulie 1916, eiavanseaze pan5 la

tzvol - est lacobeni. linie care apoi se stabilizeazd
Dutin la vest, 5i care a fost plstratE de fodele
serante pentru aproape un an, penJ in iunie 1917.
in fine, la jumitatea lunii iulle 1917, rutii incep
tragerea pa4iald din Bucovina gi pierd cetniulii la
aucust 1917. Frontul se stabilizeaz5 (peni la sfrtitul
dfuoiului pentru Rusia) aproximativ pe vechea
nitS dintre Nistru si Siret, iar spre sud pe o linie care
strlbate teritoriul Bucovineide Sud de la E de orasul
Slret De la V de Gura Humorului, gl pSni la rSul Bistrita. in fine, siacest ultim teritoriu bucovinean a
evic{rat de c;tre rusiin iarna 1917/1918 ca urmare
a dezintegrlrii armatei lor dupl Revolutie 5ia armistitiului
si picii separate cu Puterile
' o caracteristicS
a ocupatiei rusesti in Bucovina

iuli;:;poi.la

re3

gra-

fost

Centrale.
in

acealit: perioadi a fost nefunctionarea oficiilor po$tale civile, probabil ce cea mai mare parte au Sifost

occupied on June 5b /18d 1916. Up to June 25b the

Russians reachthe west line Horodenka - west Snyatin
- Vijnitsa - west Campulung, position kept in the 8ucovina area untilluly 10d, then, onJuly 16s 1916, they
advance to the lzvor - east lacobeni line, a line that
willthen be stabilized a little bit to the west, and was
kept by the belligerent forces ior almost one year,
until June 19u. shortly, in the middle of July 1917,
the Russians begin the partial retreat from Bucovina
and lose Chemovtsl on August 3d 1917 The front stabilizes (until the end of the war for Russia) approximately on the old boarder between Dniester and
Siret, and towards the south on a line that crosses the
southern Eucovina territoryfrom east ofthe city Siret
to the west of Gura Humorului, and allthewaytothe
river Bistrita. Anyhow, also this last Bucovina territory
was evacuated by the Russians in the winter of
19121918 as a consequence of the dissolution of
their army after the Revolution and ofthe armistice
and ofthe separated peace with the Central Powers.
A characteristic ofthe Bucovina Russian occupation ofthis period was the non-function ofcivilpost

ofisighetul
Marmaiiei.
Singurul oficiu pogtal civil rusesc care (conform ll- offices,

evacuate de

citre austrieci,

a9a cum de exemplu

ciul cle cenzurl cerniuli a fost evacuat la

it is probable that the most of them were

teratuiiiexistentel ar fi functionatin Bucovina, este even evacuated by the Austrians, iust at for examoficiuldin gara Cerniuti, deschis initialla Noua Suli!5 ple,the Chernovtsy censo6hipoffice wasevacuated
in 24 iunie 1916 iitransferat in capitala provincieila to SiShetul Marmaliei.
18 octombrie 1916, la putin timp dupi prelungirea The only Russian civilpost oftice that (accordingto
rutei pottale feroviare Zmerinka - Noua Sulili pane existing literature) could have functioned in Bucovina,
la Cefnluli (septembrie 1916). Nu se cunoaste lnce is the office in Chernovtsy railway station, initially
nici o Staftpili a acestui oficiu cu un text de genul opened at Noua Sulita on June 24ih 1916 and transcernditi-G;rd, posib se fi functionat aici o gtahpilt fened to the county cipital on october 18d 1916,
shortly after the extension ofthe postal railwdy route
,,semi-mutd".
zmerinka - Noua sulita up
Tn schimb, in lipsa ofi- ..
.
,
.rr"iiiitii" iviri,i";r;" t!l* '*i+"<"+"'t '''4't t-. /' 1.x-::1 :, to chernovtsy {september
'"tel\,,,^,i ,,',',
lll$;"lH:i"i',n*'lnil!
*:g;;:;:t"l','*'l'l:
ffi:".ll:.|j:ff1::,fi:*:
ffi",jr:;ti"J,fi#ffis ii$if
iffii! "l'n$: ",,", r,,,,,
'' ''"

r ffi
t Wff)

withatextsuchascemdur':
ffit\;"il ti ,At
ffi$ffi*&
rua',sunrrare,s,o,nft,-,,W* U/;yy@'qEf,:..*li51iffi'J[[','Hil

"/"*'o-'t"*""v";"/x"L,
|tli,$i',:ix:a:!ll:l'a)core:pondenli civili
r'7n

:Hl:'$:?1"'$::9ffi::
-".'J"{ti,'
scop, A*L'L*J* ..*. ."*-^
semnate acestui
Este cunoscuti

o >> >

'/

fr'i,fl1lsfl;s"l;::*'o

lnstead, lacking civil

L$,:Xffi',i3:ri?f1fi

civil population iu&!pg*

sible to apoealto >> >

cu narcdfxi,le 3 kop., sol.I,i de un localnic din Cemi4i la 4.februarie 1917 (conpe verso, ceea ce confrmi cd etpeditorul este unlost ,cetdleot austriqc), erpeniafi
prtu mOJIEB, nOqL KOHT, Na 53, la data de 26 ianuane @eci 8 februarie l9l7 stl ttou). Cotcwndeala
etle qdre\atd colo elului l4adinir Odengrudet un prizonier bucwinean la gata Da*i4 find cenatatd cu o
ttorltpild rotundd la Cila (capil4la legiunii Z4baikalskaia, din Siheria, aptoapc de granila ca China)- Confom
unei notolii nunuscl"ke ca crcionul, catTeo pottaw parc sd.fi sosit la destinagie in I8/3 I nartie 191 7.
Fig. I : Ciil itostal card with f-xed stanp of 3 iapeclc, vritten by a ,atbe.fuxt Chemovtsy on Febrwty 4
1917 (accordiig to the 'new style'date oi the back, which conJirms that lhe senderwas an,,Atutian citize ),
sent ihmuph iuIEB. no.Ii K0HT Na 53, on January 26n (hus Febntary & l9l7 ,tet',) s,yle). The conespomlencels addressed to Colonel Wadiuir Odengruder a prisoner of Brcovin4 at the Dauia Roilvay slation,
being cehsored with a tuund cancellalion qt Cita (the copital ofthe hbaikalskaia region, in Sibeid, close to the
boanler with China). Accor.ling to pehcil handwritiagt the postal ca seens lo have arriwd to its destihdtion

Fig. 1: Cane poStald

ciild

fon l datdii ,:stil nou"

de

pagina 25

--'S*

4e
{;i".""'..d,
'.t

Fig. 2: CorcspondenlA civild, cane po$rald ilu.'tr'oh axstriacd (c o imagihe din CcrnAuli,lran.atd
kopcici. scrisd la 2-0 februatic I gl7 si expediata a doua zi prtn;licirt poStat miiiiir
Fig.

ns

singurd situalie de acest gen,5i anume in capitala

Cerniuti, unde, in perioada iunie 1916 - iulie 1917 a
funclionat Oficiul Po$tal Militar de Etapi nr, 53 (oficiu
etopd" in adev5ratul inteles al cuvantului,
deci"de
stationar Si nealocat nici unei unjteti militare).
Acesta a ca rtat corespon d e nla de la diverse institulii
sau militari ruti aflali in trecere prin ora$, dar in
acelati timp a deservit Si populatia civili din Cern;uti! (vezi in Fig. 1 9i Fig. 2 doue exemple de
corespondenle corect francate cu tarifulln vigoare
pentru civili, 3 kopeici). De altfel, o circular; spaciali
a Administratiei PoStale lmperiale, emis; in septembrie 1916, cerea caintreaga corespondenlE c5ire institutiile militare Si civile rusestidin Bucovina si fie
adresatl OPM 53.
b) CorespondenlE civilS circulatd prin oficiile
pottale militare ale diferitelor unitili ruse$ti staIionatein Bucovina. Nu cunosc reglementdrile prin
care acest lucru era posibil (ne putem attepta s; fi
lost impuse restri4ii la utilizarea serviciilor militare,
doar la cazuri ind.eptilite ti urgente, sau pentru
corespondentd oficiale ori de afaceri). Prjma sem-

nalare

in literaturi ne vine din anul 1994, fiind

vorba de un plic francat 10 kopeici, expediat in mai

1917 prin Oficiul Pottal Militar nr. 239 (?), probabil
arondat Diviziei Orenburg in Suceava, de cdtre o invdtltoare din Costana (13 km NV de Suceava) spre
Crucea RoSie din Copenhaga (ex-coleclia Andrei
Cronin, Canada r).
20 ani mai tarziu, iati cateva noi corespondenle
civile austriece care documenteaz; transportul lor
pottalde necesitate prin oficiile militare rusegti.
Un prim exemplu concludent poate fi vSzut in Frg.
3, un plic expediat de Jacob Fleischer, un localnic din
Corlata (pofta DrigoieStil spre Comitetul polonez din
Stockholm. Plicul nu este francat, ata cum

>>>

AlerGnder Epslein - Rurs,b n tustot Moit Ircm Roumonio, 191f1918, Romanian PostalHistory Bullerin No.14 / 1994, pp.46.

pagina 26

l.+",.14Sy

flOIEB. nOqT. KOHTT No. 53 cdrrc iioscoia.

c,orespondence, A strian-illustt.ated postal rutd (u.ith an image j.om Chetnovtsy,
franked
3 knpecks, t1'ritten on Febntary 2AL l9I 7 and scnt the
day throtEh'he ntititaty poitil ffice
IOJIEB. nOqT, KOHT. No. 5] to Miscor,''

with,2:,Civil

r@r'"-aF

-,,

,Lr.l"
i'.,..,t,,..

the Russian militarv post offlces. These situations are

rare, and for educational reasons the situations can

11,zr-.

l/iot t,

be synthesized as such:

a. The civil correspondence circulates !h!q!gb

staqe oostaloffices, fixed, specially appointed for this

purpose. lt is known a single situation ofthis type, respectively in Chernovtsy capital, where, in the period
June 1916-July 1917 functioned the Military Stage

PostalOfficenumber53 (a,,stoge" officeintheactual

meaning of the word, thus stationary and unappropriated to any military unit). This distributed the correspondence from different institutions or Russian
militaries passing bythrough the city, but in the same
time it also served the civilpopulation ofChernowsy!
(see Fig. I and Fig. 2 two examples of correspondences correctly franked with the postage fees in effect for the civilians, 3 kopecks). Moreoier, a special
provision of the lmperial Postal Administrdtion, issued
in September 1916, requested that allthe correspondencesto Russian military or civil institutions from Bucovina were to be addressed to OPM 53.
b. Civil correspondence circulated through military
postal offices of different Russian units stationed in
Bucovina. I do not know any regulations through
which this was possible {we can expect there weie
enforced restrictions for the usage of military services,
but only for legitimate of urgent cause or for official
or business correspondences). The first appearance
in literature comes to us from the year 1994, specifically an envelope franked with 10 kopecks, sent in
May 1917 through the Military Post Office number
239 (?), probably assigned to the Orenburg Division
in Suceava, by a schoolteacher from Costana (13km
NW ofSuceava)to the Copenhagen Red Cross (ex-colleqtion of Andrei Cronin, Canada r).
20 years later, here are some new Austrian civil
correspondences which document their emergency
postal transport through Russian military offices.
A first conclusive example can be seen in Frq. 3,
an envelope sent byJacob Fleischer, a local > > >

t;/.."...

.
1.

!:rt..-

-.. ^.

-., Wit )-,

//(-,"r,",,."t

,//,/
u/rr,
.

fi trebuit (de altfel toate corespondentele

spre

from Corlata (Daragoiesti post office) to the Poltsl,

Comitet Polonez din Suedia par a fi scutite de

este cartat la nivelul celei mai apropiate
militare ruse9ti din zon5, Divizia Cazaci
din Suceava, care aplid gtampila oficiuluisiu
militar nr.212, la 5/18 iulie 1917 (tTAnHOE
,t{T. TErEfP. OTAM. t'|o.212). Localizarea oficiua fost la Suceava, in perioada septembrie 1916 :errbrie 1917. Plicul este cenzurat in tranzit la
in 13/26 iulie 1917 ti sose$te la Stockholm in
septembrie 1917.
Aii exemplu poate fi vizutin Fig.4: este vorba de
plic expediat de o localnid din R;dAuti, Katharina
adresati aceluia$i Comitet Polonez din
, cartarea are loc la 5/18.6,1917 prin inoficiului pottal militar nr. 106 (nOrEB.
. KOHT. No.106, afiliatArmateiS tilocalizatln
octombrie 1916 - iulie 1917 in CernSuli).

Committee in Stockholm, The envelope is notfnked

as it should be (moreover a ll correspondences to this

Cnzura

rusi a aoresoondentei civile din Buco-

Nu au existat oficii speciale de cenzure a corescivile, aceasta era executate ocazional de

militare de cenzuri ale marilor unititi de opalie. La o primi vedere, am putea spune ci cotpondenta din / spr gucovina a fost cenzurate in
Pulin dou: situatii:
1- :enzurain tranziiin afara Bucovinei, este pro)il .ea mai frecvente situatie. Tn Fig. 3 poate fi
rn exemplu in care cenzura are loc in marele
de la odesa, iarin Fig.5 un exemplu

>>>

Polish Committee in Sweden seem to be exempt

from tax)and is distributed atthe levelofthe closest
Russian military unit in the area, 1st Division cazaci
Terek in Suceava, which applies the cachet of its military post office number 212 on 56/18s ofJuly 1917
(9TAnHOE nOqT. TEnErP. OTAM. No. 212). The location of the office was in Suceava, in the period September 1916 - December 1917. The envelope is

censured in transit in Odessa on luly 13rh /26h 1917

and arrives in Stockholm on September Eh1917.
Another example can be seen in Fig. 4: it is an en-

velope sent by a local from Radauti, Katharina

lothe same Polish Committee

in Stockholm. The distribution takes place on 5rh
18rh of lune 1917 through the military post office
Lankhardt, addressed

number 106 (nOnEB. nOt{T, KOHT. No. 106, assigned to the

8rh

Army and located in the period oc-

tober 1916-July 1917 in Chernovtsy).

Russian .ensorship of civil corresoondence from
Bucovina,
There were no special censorship offices for civil
correspondence, this was occasionally executed by
the military censorship offices ofthe major occupational units. At first sight, we could say that the correspondence from / to Bucovina was censored in at
least two situations:

pagina 27

|H}Iuirffliri&Yf{l
2. Cenzura local5 atestati de $tampile speciale
rarisime, motiv pentru care subiectuleste pratic necunoscut. O primi stampilS a fost publicat5 in catalogul cenzurii ruse din 1990 al lui Speeckaert, ti
aceasta doar pe baza unei ilustralii incomplete datend din anul 1932! Autorulaloce aceasti gtampilS
Comandamentului Armatei Ruse de Vest, dar textul
se referi direct la ocupalia rusi din teritoriile austro-ungare (pradic, acestea se limitau la Bucovina $i
o parte din Galilia): Deschb de Cenzurc Militofi | q
cuverndmAntului Genercl I din Regiunes AustroaJngdd Ocupqtd / in bqm legii militdte / cenzot Militdr No. 72.in Fig. 6 poate fi vizu aceasti ttampil;
cu textul integral Si alt num5r de cenzor, 14. Localizarea acesteittampile nu este cunoscut; cu precizie,
posibil ca ea si fi fost folositi tot'in Cerneuli (dar
totuSi putea fi utilizat: iiintr-unul din ora$ele mari
galitiene, cum arfi Kolomeea). ln Fig. 7 putem vedea
un plic expediat de Morid Czmilalt Storozynec, Bukowino, adresati aceluiati
Komitet Polski Korespon-

denci, Stockholm, llte

francature

9i

f;ri

probably the most frequent situation. ln FiCt 3 can be

seen such an example where censorship takes place in
the gnnd center from Odessa, and in Fig.5 an example
where censorship in transit is done at Kiev,
2. Local censoEhip confirmed by extremely rare
special cancellations, reason for which the subject is
pradically unknown. A first cancellation was published
in the Russian censorship catalogue from 1990 by Speeckaert, and this onlyon the base ofan incomplete illustration dating from 1932! The author assigns this
crncellation to the West Russian ArmyCommandment,
but the text refers directly to the Russian occupation
of Austro-Hunga ria n territories (practically, these were
limited to Bucovina and a part of Galitia): Deschls de
cedurc Milito,td I o GuvemdmAfidui General / din
ReEluneo Atstro-unE A ocupd& lln bozo legli militote I Cemot Militur No. 12. (Open by Mtlitqry Censotship / of the Generut covemment I of the occupied
Austro-Hungddqn Region I bdsed on militdry low
Militory Censor No. 72].. ln
Fig, 6 can be seen this can-

militar; de cartare, doar

cu aceasti ttampil; de

cachet can not be precisely

known, it is possible that it

cenzuri aplicati pe verso,

cu data de 22 iunie /5 iulie

was also used in chernovtsy (but then again it

1917; sosire Stockholm la

26 iulie.

could have also been used

in one ofthe largerGalitian
cities, such as Kolomeea). ln
Flg. 7we can see >> >

este

ineditd 9i este de fapt sin-

gura ttampil;

de>>>

Fig. S: Ca e poltdld sctisd Ia 29 noiembrie 1916 de un prizoniet tomAn bucovineah dirl marele lagdr
italiefiesc de la Aeezzano, eeediotd spte .fanila sa din comuna At botu, ttecurd prih cenzto a Axcii RoSii
pehttlt ptizohieri din Roma Si l/iena (unde a Si fost completatd o.fird pentru pefioa e dtspdtlte
la 30 iahuafie 1917, confot'rn Sta pilei ad tinis, attue liniare pe 5 rdndn'i). La acea datd, ajoritatea
Bucovinei (cu At'borc inelasiv) eru sub ocupalie rusescd, fapt cale explicd cea de-a trcia cehzuti
a qcestei cd4t poitale, cea de tra zit fl6A din Kiev (ttompila mae dreptunghiulard).
Fig. 5: Posnl card wtitten ofi Note lbet 291^ 19I6 by a Rondnian prison*.fiom Bucovina.front
the major ltalian comp fron Avezzano, sent to his fahily ih Arbote illage, passed through the Red Cross
ce sot'ship fol the prisoners from Rome and henna (where was also /illed a form for uissing persons
on January 3At 1917, accolding to the linear ad inistralive cqncellalion on 5 rcws). Oh this date, ost
of Bueorina (including Arbore fillage) was under Russian occupation, a fact which explahs the third
censorship oflhis postal card, that oflhe Russiah lruns rtom Kev (the big rectangular cancellatio ).
Fig. 6: $tampila de cenzurd militard a CnNemA-

" l/-"n, L-&:ii .,

"1,!,!//-,,.-,
/). r: , ,..

,,/.(,,//-t^
menlfol the occlrpied Auslro-

Hutgarian
teritories.

pagina 28

$urlrrn

....

)t

V--:"
-':: lo '\ ;::\l
=--ld\
't--'
g
1

Et

roettnoI qemypol

5. trtiit.

Storozynec,

Eukowrno, addressed t o the same KomiEt Polski Korespondenci, Sto*holm, without franking and without a

distribution military cachet, only with this censorship

cincellation applied on the back with the date June
22d lJuly 5b 7977; anival at stockholm on luly 16s.
A second cancellation is unique and is in fact the

tgrr

cenzuri rusd militari sigur localizat5 in Bucovina

lvezi Fiq.4Si Fig.8b aplicate la 5/18 iunie 1917, textul siu este: Descrtit de cen uru Milltotd / Cen.orul
Militinr nr. 77 I Comdndomentul Amqtei Vt ,
a$adar o ttampili de cenzuri aplicate la Comandamentul Armatei 8 Ruse din cetn;uli. Deducem in
plus c5 mai existe cel pulin inci alte 10 gtampile individuale ale cenzorilor de acest tip..,
R!tii au folosit ttampile similare ti la comanda-

mente mai mici, gen Corp Armatd, Divizii sau chiar

la Regimente, astfelincet teoretic maiputem intalni

alte gtampile de cenzur5 militari aplicate pe
corespondenle civile din Bucovina.

ti

cellation with the full text

and another censor numbei 14. The location of this

stampile

A doua gampili

an envelope sent by Mol,o Czmilolt

1, Censorship in transit outside of Bucovina, is

in care cenzura in tranzlt este realizati la Kiev.

only Russian military censorship cancellation positively

located in gucovina (see Fig, 4 and Fig- 8); applied on
5s /18s of lune 1917, its ftrt is:- Deschis de Cenzwq
Militdtd I Cenzorul Mititot m 77 | Comandomentul
Amabiw,l loperEdwMilituy Cenwship I M ttary
Censor number 77 I
Amy Commondment),thetefore a censorship cancellation applied at the Russian
86Army's Commandment from Chernovtsy. We deduct
furthermore that there are at leastanother 10 individual censor cancellations ofthis type...
The Russians used similar cachets also in smaller
commandments, such as Army Corp, Divisions or
even Regiments, so that theoretically we can also
meet other military censorship cancellations applied
on civil correspondences in Bucovina.

Palmaresul expollliel hatlonale de maxidafilie slBlUMAx 2015 (pJlnclpalele medalil)

Medalie

Nune&prcnlme
Ceud Mihai

Celeste
gouveret Bruno
DurdndDominique
semenov Mihai
Salade Nicolae
Ardeleanu 6heorghe
lancoviciteon
Potcoavi Andrei
Doros vasile
garducci

VernieilMare

GligorGeorge

Stanciu Emil

MunteanMarius

Titlu exponal
Coloane gicolonade
Famous personages (personalities) from Europe
World ofthe pray birds

Geomorphology
Pictori celebri in fala oglinzii
Pbsiridin Delta Dunerii
O istorie ilustrad a literaturii romane

Lideriilumii{Parteal-a,Monarhi)
Arhitectud romaneasc5 in context european
George nescu,in constelalia muzicii (literaturd)

CuibiritulinEuropa
Aeromaxime

94
93
93
91
91
90
90
90
90
88
88

Transylvanianfortresles{literaturd)

Ciobanu Gh. Constantin & codorozea Ma

Vernreil
Titans ofthe

Retrospectivi pogtal-filatelicd a PoStei Republicii Moldova {literaturi)

83
82
Antonache Alexandru Eucure$tiul in maximafilie
82
Delta DunErii, parddis ornitoloBic
Gligor George
81
Hommel Andrd
Dinastia din Luxemburg pe ilustEte maxime
81
ParfentieVitalie Mae'triaiscrisului$iaisceneidinspaiiulromanesc
80
CiobanuConstahtin Maximafiliemoldava
80
Flori
calu
sebet a history ln images {literatur5}
Popa
Wolkenberg Alexander-wilhelm The first ca rtophyl pu blisher from Easarabia (literaturA)
Ciobanu C. & Ursu Mihai & Godororea Maria Ethnogbphyc and Natural History National
Museum in carthophily (literaturA)
ciobanu Gh. constantin & Godororea Maria Mihai Eminescu in the world philately and certophily {literaturg)
Arti.oleTn hgitur; cu maximafilia {literaturr}
Cu rieru I
83
Mari romenide-a lungulistoriei
stancu c.istian
82
simescu Nicole lsabel(T) Pictura rom5neasci
80
Romania 'monumente istorice fi arhitectu6le
ould Ruxandra
80
China, a great country
Fotoiu Maria (T)
80
Pds6ri din zonele polare
Ghlge Mihai (T)
1S
Pdsiri din mediulacvatic
cherejilulia
chereji
lulia (T)
Hor5 concours Chiricheg Corlolan Mdrelia
Mdretia muntilor

Greppiltalo

music

Mircea
Adrian

filatelic
(T)
{T}
(T)
(T)
Dejuganloan
Dorot tiviu

Claudiu

Pidorirom6n;sic
Pidorirom6n;tioperelelor
lmpresionismut in FranF
lmpresionismul?n
Fecioara Maria, mama lui lsus, in pictura vech

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