Tem

cteze, respectiv sa se execute calculul teric si organologic pentru un Motor cu Aprindere prin Scanteie, desti
Denumire
Turatia motorului
Puterea efectiva nominala
Diametrul cilindrului
Cursa pistonului
Raport de comprimare
Numarul de cilindri

1. Parametrii
Denumire
Cilindreea unitara
Cilindreea totala
Viteza medie a pistonului
Volumul cilindrului
Volumul camerei de ardere

2. Calculul Termic al
Calculul procesului de admisie
Denumire
Presiunea initiala
Temperatura initiala
Presiunea relativa
Temperatura relativa
Coeficient gaze reziduale
Variatia temperaturii
Variatia presiunii de admisie
Presiunea la sfarsit de admisie
Temperatura la sfarsit de admisie
Calculul procesului de comprimare
Denumire
Exponent politropic de comprimare
Presiunea de comprimare
Temperatura de comprimare
Calculul procesului de ardere
Combustibil
Benzina
Denumire
Coeficient de exces de aer
Cantitatea de aer teoretica necesara arderii
Numarul de kilomoli de amestec proaspat ce participa la reacti
Numarul de kilomoli de produse rezultate din ardere
Numarul de moli de dioxid de carbon
Numarul de moli de apa
Numarul de moli de oxigen

Numarul de moli de azot

Coeficientul variatiei molare a amestecului proaspat
Coeficientul variatiei molare a amestecului real
Caldura molara medie la volum constant a amestecului de lucru
Caldura molara medie la volum constant a produselor de arder
Valoarea temperaturii
Caldura molara medie la volum constant
Caldura molara medie la volum constant
Caldura molara medie la volum constant
Caldura molara medie la volum constant
Caldura molara medie la volum constant
Caldura molara medie la volum constant
Coeficinetul de utilizare a caldurii pentru perioada arderii
Caldura molara medie la presiune constanta a produselor de a
Temperatura la sfarsitul arderii
Presiunea la sfarsitul arderii
Raportul de crestere a presiunii
Exponent politropic
Presiunea la sfarsitul cursei de destindere
Temperatura la sfarsitul cursei de destindere
Temperatura gazelor reziduale
Eroarea maxima admisibila a temperaturii gazelor reziduale

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19

20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67

68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115

116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163

164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211

212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259

260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307

308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355

356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403

404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451

452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499

500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547

548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595

596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643

644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691

692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720

8.000
7.000
6.000
5.000
4.000
3.000
2.000
1.000
0.000
0.000

5.000

10.000

15.000

20.000

2.000
1.000
0.000
0.000

5.000

10.000

15.000

20.000

8.000
7.000
6.000
5.000
4.000
3.000
2.000
1.000
0.000

100

200

300

Dimensiunile relative
Denumire
Diametrul cilindrului
Grosimea capului pistonului
Lungimea pistonului
Distanta dintre axa bloltului si marginea inferioara a pistonului
Lungimea mantalei
Diamentrul exterior al umarului
Distanta dintre umerii pistonului
Grosimea reginunii port-segment
Segment de compresie
Segment de compresie
Segment de ungere
Segment de ungere
Segment de compresie
Segment de ungere
Diamentul interior al pistonului
Inaltimea de protectie a segmentului de foc

Distanta dintre capul pistonului si primul segment

Grosimea flancului
Diamentrul interior al umarului

Lungimea boltului

Ine
Denumire

Marca aliajului
Notatie STAS sau echivalenti
Obtinere semifabricat

Elem
Denumire
Cupru
Nichel
Siliciu
Magneziu
Fier
Mangan
Titan
Zinc
Masa specifica
Coeficient de dilatare al pistonului
Conductivitate termica

Rezistenta de rupere la tractiune la temperatura293K

Rezistenta de rupere la tractiune la temperatura 423K
Rezistenta de rupere la tractiune la temperatura 523K
Limita de curgere la temperatura 293K
Limita de curgere la temperatura 423K
Limita de curgere la temperatura 523K
Rezistenta la oboseala. Ciclul alternant simetric incovoiere la
Rezistenta la oboseala. Ciclul alternant simetric incovoiere la
Rezistenta la oboseala. Ciclul alternant simetric incovoiere la
Duritatea Brinell la temperatura 293K
Duritatea Brinell la temperatura 423K
Duritatea Brinell la temperatura 523K
Modulul de elasticitate la temperatura 293K
Modulul de elasticitate la temperatura 523K
Coeficientul contractiei transversale

Calculul
Efecte mecanice
Efecte termice
Denumire
Puterea

Raza pistonului
Viteza unghiulara

Raza interioara a pistonului

Tipul si locul efortului unitar
Radial, in centru, pe fibra exterioara
Radial, in centru, pe fibra exterioara
Radial, in centru, pe fibra interioara
Radial, in centru, pe fibra interioara
Radial, la periferie, pe fibra exterioara
Radial, la periferie, pe fibra exterioara

Radial, la periferie, pe fibra interioara

Radial, la periferie, pe fibra interioara
Tangential, la periferie, pe fibra exterioara
Tangential, la periferie, pe fibra exterioara
Tangential, la periferie, pe fibra interioara
Tangential, la periferie, pe fibra interioara
Tangential, in centru, pe firbra exterioara
Tangential, in centru, pe firbra exterioara
Tantential, in centru, pe fibra interioara
Tantential, in centru, pe fibra interioara

Calculul coe
Denumire

Conditie
Conditie
Conditie
Conditie
Conditie
Conditie
Conditie
Conditie

Coeficient de concentrare a tensiunilor

Coeficient de concentrare a tensiunilor
Coeficient dimensional
Coeficientul de calitate al suprafetei
Coeficient de siguranta
Coeficient de siguranta
Coeficient de siguranta
Coeficient de siguranta
Coeficient de siguranta
Coeficient de siguranta
Coeficient de siguranta
Coeficient de siguranta

4. Verificare
4.1 Verificarea
Denumire
Efortul de incovoiere
Efortul de forfecare
Presiunea la sfarsitul arderii
Alezaul cilindrului
Grosimea radiala a primului segment
Jocul radial dintre segment si canal
Inaltimea primului umar de segment
Efortul unitar rezultant
Conditie
Coeficient de siguranta la oboseala pentru incovoiere
Coficient
Coeficient de siguranta la oboseala pentru incovoiere
Coeficient de calitate a suprafetei (suprafata rectificata)
0.000
Rezistenta la oboseala. Ciclul alternant simetric incovoiere la

4.2 Verificarea sectiunii transve

Denumire
Efortul unitar de comprimare-tractiune maxim
Efortul unitar de comprimare-tractiune minim
Presiunea la sfarsit de admisie
Presiunea la sfarsitul arderii
Presiunea initiala
Diametrul cilindrului
Masa capului pristonului
Aria sectiunii intrerupte de gaurile sau de fanta din canal
Densitatea materialului
Volumul capului pistonului
Grosimea capului pistonului
0
0
Amplitudinea eforturilor

Efortul mediu
Coeficientul de asimetrie
Rezistenta de rupere la tractiune la temperatura 523K
Limita de curgere la temperatura 523K
Conditie
Coeficient de siguranta la oboseala
Coficient
Coeficient de siguranta la oboseala pentru incovoiere
Coeficient de calitate a suprafetei (suprafata rectificata)

5. Verificar
Denumire
Presiunea
Masa pistonului echipat numai cu segmenti
Presiunea la sfarsitul arderii
Presiunea initiala
Presiunea la sfarsit de admisie
Diamentrul interior al umarului
Lungimea boltului
Distanta dintre umerii pistonului
Diametrul cilindrului
0
0
Densitatea materialului
Efortul unitar maxim
Efortul unitar minim
Diamentrul exterior al umarului
Diamentul interior al pistonului
Amplitudinea eforturilor
Efortul mediu
Coeficientul de asimetrie
Rezistenta la oboseala. Ciclul alternant simetric incovoiere la
0
Limita de curgere la temperatura 523K
Conditie
Coeficientul de siguranta
Coficient
Coeficient de siguranta la oboseala pentru incovoiere
Coeficient de calitate a suprafetei (suprafata rectificata)
Jocul la rece
0.000
Coeficient de dilatare al pistonului
Coeficient de dilatare a materialului pistonului
Diferenta de temperatura ai umarului pistonului

Diferenta de temperatura ai boltului

Jocul la cald

6. Verificarea si p
6.1 Presiunea
Denumire
Presiunea conventionala maxima
Forta normala maxima dintre manta si cilindru
Lungimea mantalei
Alezajul cilindrului
Presiunea maxima

6.2 Profilar
Denumire
Jocul diametral la cald fata de cilindru in zona mantalei
Jocul diametral la cald fata de cilindru in regiunea capului pisto
Diametrul cilindrului
Diferenta de temperatura la care se incalzeste cilindrul la reg
Diferenta de temperatura la care se incalzeste planul superior
Diferenta de temperatura la care se incalzeste inceputul manta
Diferenta de temperatura la care se incalzeste baza mantalei
Diametrul la rece al capului pistonului
Conditie
Lungimea
Diametrul la rece al mantalei
Conditie
Lungimea
Alezajul cilindrului
Coficient de dilatare al materialului cilindrului
Coeficient de dilatare al pistonului
Inaltimea capului pistonului
Lungimea mantalei
Verificare
Verificare
Jocul diametral al capului pistonului la rece pentru piston din al
Jocul diametral la rece al mantalei pentru piston din aliaj usor

7. Calc
7.1 Dimen
7.1.1 Ale

7.1.2 Dimensiona
Denumire
Diametrul cilindrului

7.2 Calculul forme

7.2.1 Adoptarea v
A. Segmentul de etansare
Denumire
Presiunea medie elastica a segmentului de etansare

7.2.2 Adoptarea l
Denumire
Legea de distributie a presiunii
Unghiul cu varful in centrul segmentului

Tema Proiectului
tru un Motor cu Aprindere prin Scanteie, destinat echiparii unui autoturism, avand 4 cilindrii dispusi in linie, c
Notatie
Formula de calcul
n
Pen
D
S

(Vs+Va)/Va
i
1. Parametrii Geometrici ai Motorului
Notatie
Formula de calcul
Vs
[(D^2)/4]S
Vt
iVS
Wmp
(Sn)/30
Vcil
Vs+Va
Va
Vs/(-1)
2. Calculul Termic al Motorului (diagrama indicata)
Notatie
p0
T0
pr
Tr
r
T
pa
pa
Ta

Formula de calcul
pr=(1,05...1,25)*p0
900...1100
0,04...0,1
0...20
pa=(0,05...0,2)*p0
pa=p0-pa
Ta=(T0+T+r*Tr)/1+r

Notatie
nc
pc
Tc

Formula de calcul
1,32...1,38
pc=pa*^nc
Tc=Ta*^(nc-1)

C [kg]
0.854
Notatie

L0
M1
M2
MCO2
MH2O
MO2

H [kg]
0.142
Formula de calcul
1
L0=(1/0,21)*(C/12+H/4-(O-S)/32)
M1=*L0+1/MT
M2=C/12+H/2+(-,21)*L0
MCO2=C/12
MH2O=H/2
MO2=0,21*L0*(-1)

MN2
0
r
(MCV')T0=298^Tc
(MCv")T0=298^Tz
Tz
(mCv^CO2)298^Tz
(mCv^CO)298^Tz
(mCv^H2O)298^Tz
(mCv^N2)298^Tz
(mCv^O2)298^Tz
(mCv^H2)298^Tz
Z
(mCP")298^Tz
Tz
pz

MN2=0,79**L0
0=M2/M1
r=(0+r)/(1+r)
(MCV')T0=298^Tc=4,7+0,6*Tc*10^-3
Tz=1800...3000
(mCv^CO2)298^Tz=9,2+0,8*10^-3*Tz
(mCv^CO)298^Tz=5,0+0,5*10^-3*Tz
(mCv^H2O)298^Tz=5,7+1,2*10^-3*Tz
(mCv^N2)298^Tz=5,1+0,4*10^-3*Tz
(mCv^O2)298^Tz=5,5+0,4*10^-3*Tz
(mCv^H2)298^Tz=4,4+0,5*10^-3*Tz
0,80...0,95
(mCP")298^Tz=1,985+(mCV")298^Tz
1800...3000
3,5...7,5

nd
pd
Td
Trc
Tr

1,23...1,30
pd=pZ/^md
Td=Tz/^md-1
Trc=Td/(pd/pr)^1/3
Tr=(Trc-Tr)/Trc

'
s

rad
0.000
0.017
0.035
0.052
0.070
0.087
0.105
0.122
0.140
0.157
0.175
0.192
0.209
0.227
0.244
0.262
0.279
0.297
0.314
0.332

'=r/l
X
0.000
0.008
0.031
0.070
0.124
0.194
0.279
0.379
0.495
0.626
0.772
0.933
1.109
1.300
1.506
1.727
1.962
2.212
2.476
2.755

0.349
0.367
0.384
0.401
0.419
0.436
0.454
0.471
0.489
0.506
0.524
0.541
0.559
0.576
0.593
0.611
0.628
0.646
0.663
0.681
0.698
0.716
0.733
0.750
0.768
0.785
0.803
0.820
0.838
0.855
0.873
0.890
0.908
0.925
0.942
0.960
0.977
0.995
1.012
1.030
1.047
1.065
1.082
1.100
1.117
1.134
1.152
1.169

3.047
3.353
3.673
4.007
4.354
4.714
5.088
5.474
5.873
6.284
6.708
7.143
7.591
8.050
8.520
9.002
9.494
9.998
10.511
11.035
11.568
12.112
12.664
13.226
13.797
14.376
14.963
15.559
16.162
16.772
17.390
18.015
18.646
19.284
19.927
20.577
21.231
21.891
22.556
23.225
23.899
24.576
25.258
25.942
26.630
27.321
28.014
28.709

1.187
1.204
1.222
1.239
1.257
1.274
1.292
1.309
1.326
1.344
1.361
1.379
1.396
1.414
1.431
1.449
1.466
1.484
1.501
1.518
1.536
1.553
1.571
1.588
1.606
1.623
1.641
1.658
1.676
1.693
1.710
1.728
1.745
1.763
1.780
1.798
1.815
1.833
1.850
1.868
1.885
1.902
1.920
1.937
1.955
1.972
1.990
2.007

29.406
30.105
30.806
31.507
32.209
32.912
33.616
34.319
35.022
35.724
36.426
37.127
37.826
38.524
39.220
39.914
40.606
41.296
41.983
42.667
43.347
44.025
44.699
45.369
46.035
46.696
47.354
48.007
48.655
49.298
49.937
50.570
51.197
51.819
52.435
53.045
53.650
54.248
54.840
55.425
56.004
56.576
57.141
57.700
58.251
58.795
59.332
59.862

2.025
2.042
2.059
2.077
2.094
2.112
2.129
2.147
2.164
2.182
2.199
2.217
2.234
2.251
2.269
2.286
2.304
2.321
2.339
2.356
2.374
2.391
2.409
2.426
2.443
2.461
2.478
2.496
2.513
2.531
2.548
2.566
2.583
2.601
2.618
2.635
2.653
2.670
2.688
2.705
2.723
2.740
2.758
2.775
2.793
2.810
2.827
2.845

60.385
60.900
61.407
61.907
62.399
62.883
63.360
63.828
64.289
64.742
65.187
65.623
66.052
66.472
66.885
67.289
67.685
68.072
68.452
68.823
69.186
69.540
69.886
70.224
70.554
70.875
71.188
71.492
71.789
72.077
72.356
72.627
72.890
73.145
73.392
73.630
73.860
74.081
74.295
74.500
74.697
74.886
75.066
75.239
75.403
75.559
75.708
75.848

2.862
2.880
2.897
2.915
2.932
2.950
2.967
2.985
3.002
3.019
3.037
3.054
3.072
3.089
3.107
3.124
3.142
3.159
3.176
3.194
3.211
3.229
3.246
3.264
3.281
3.299
3.316
3.334
3.351
3.368
3.386
3.403
3.421
3.438
3.456
3.473
3.491
3.508
3.526
3.543
3.560
3.578
3.595
3.613
3.630
3.648
3.665
3.683

75.980
76.103
76.219
76.327
76.427
76.518
76.602
76.678
76.745
76.805
76.857
76.901
76.936
76.964
76.984
76.996
77.000
76.996
76.984
76.964
76.936
76.901
76.857
76.805
76.745
76.678
76.602
76.518
76.427
76.327
76.219
76.103
75.980
75.848
75.708
75.559
75.403
75.239
75.066
74.886
74.697
74.500
74.295
74.081
73.860
73.630
73.392
73.145

3.700
3.718
3.735
3.752
3.770
3.787
3.805
3.822
3.840
3.857
3.875
3.892
3.910
3.927
3.944
3.962
3.979
3.997
4.014
4.032
4.049
4.067
4.084
4.102
4.119
4.136
4.154
4.171
4.189
4.206
4.224
4.241
4.259
4.276
4.294
4.311
4.328
4.346
4.363
4.381
4.398
4.416
4.433
4.451
4.468
4.485
4.503
4.520

72.890
72.627
72.356
72.077
71.789
71.492
71.188
70.875
70.554
70.224
69.886
69.540
69.186
68.823
68.452
68.072
67.685
67.289
66.885
66.472
66.052
65.623
65.187
64.742
64.289
63.828
63.360
62.883
62.399
61.907
61.407
60.900
60.385
59.862
59.332
58.795
58.251
57.700
57.141
56.576
56.004
55.425
54.840
54.248
53.650
53.045
52.435
51.819

4.538
4.555
4.573
4.590
4.608
4.625
4.643
4.660
4.677
4.695
4.712
4.730
4.747
4.765
4.782
4.800
4.817
4.835
4.852
4.869
4.887
4.904
4.922
4.939
4.957
4.974
4.992
5.009
5.027
5.044
5.061
5.079
5.096
5.114
5.131
5.149
5.166
5.184
5.201
5.219
5.236
5.253
5.271
5.288
5.306
5.323
5.341
5.358

51.197
50.570
49.937
49.298
48.655
48.007
47.354
46.696
46.035
45.369
44.699
44.025
43.347
42.667
41.983
41.296
40.606
39.914
39.220
38.524
37.826
37.127
36.426
35.724
35.022
34.319
33.616
32.912
32.209
31.507
30.806
30.105
29.406
28.709
28.014
27.321
26.630
25.942
25.258
24.576
23.899
23.225
22.556
21.891
21.231
20.577
19.927
19.284

5.376
5.393
5.411
5.428
5.445
5.463
5.480
5.498
5.515
5.533
5.550
5.568
5.585
5.603
5.620
5.637
5.655
5.672
5.690
5.707
5.725
5.742
5.760
5.777
5.794
5.812
5.829
5.847
5.864
5.882
5.899
5.917
5.934
5.952
5.969
5.986
6.004
6.021
6.039
6.056
6.074
6.091
6.109
6.126
6.144
6.161
6.178
6.196

18.646
18.015
17.390
16.772
16.162
15.559
14.963
14.376
13.797
13.226
12.664
12.112
11.568
11.035
10.511
9.998
9.494
9.002
8.520
8.050
7.591
7.143
6.708
6.284
5.873
5.474
5.088
4.714
4.354
4.007
3.673
3.353
3.047
2.755
2.476
2.212
1.962
1.727
1.506
1.300
1.109
0.933
0.772
0.626
0.495
0.379
0.279
0.194

6.213
6.231
6.248
6.266
6.283
6.301
6.318
6.336
6.353
6.370
6.388
6.405
6.423
6.440
6.458
6.475
6.493
6.510
6.528
6.545
6.562
6.580
6.597
6.615
6.632
6.650
6.667
6.685
6.702
6.720
6.737
6.754
6.772
6.789
6.807
6.824
6.842
6.859
6.877
6.894
6.912
6.929
6.946
6.964
6.981
6.999
7.016
7.034

0.124
0.070
0.031
0.008
0.000
0.008
0.031
0.070
0.124
0.194
0.279
0.379
0.495
0.626
0.772
0.933
1.109
1.300
1.506
1.727
1.962
2.212
2.476
2.755
3.047
3.353
3.673
4.007
4.354
4.714
5.088
5.474
5.873
6.284
6.708
7.143
7.591
8.050
8.520
9.002
9.494
9.998
10.511
11.035
11.568
12.112
12.664
13.226

7.051
7.069
7.086
7.103
7.121
7.138
7.156
7.173
7.191
7.208
7.226
7.243
7.261
7.278
7.295
7.313
7.330
7.348
7.365
7.383
7.400
7.418
7.435
7.453
7.470
7.487
7.505
7.522
7.540
7.557
7.575
7.592
7.610
7.627
7.645
7.662
7.679
7.697
7.714
7.732
7.749
7.767
7.784
7.802
7.819
7.837
7.854
7.871

13.797
14.376
14.963
15.559
16.162
16.772
17.390
18.015
18.646
19.284
19.927
20.577
21.231
21.891
22.556
23.225
23.899
24.576
25.258
25.942
26.630
27.321
28.014
28.709
29.406
30.105
30.806
31.507
32.209
32.912
33.616
34.319
35.022
35.724
36.426
37.127
37.826
38.524
39.220
39.914
40.606
41.296
41.983
42.667
43.347
44.025
44.699
45.369

7.889
7.906
7.924
7.941
7.959
7.976
7.994
8.011
8.029
8.046
8.063
8.081
8.098
8.116
8.133
8.151
8.168
8.186
8.203
8.221
8.238
8.255
8.273
8.290
8.308
8.325
8.343
8.360
8.378
8.395
8.412
8.430
8.447
8.465
8.482
8.500
8.517
8.535
8.552
8.570
8.587
8.604
8.622
8.639
8.657
8.674
8.692
8.709

46.035
46.696
47.354
48.007
48.655
49.298
49.937
50.570
51.197
51.819
52.435
53.045
53.650
54.248
54.840
55.425
56.004
56.576
57.141
57.700
58.251
58.795
59.332
59.862
60.385
60.900
61.407
61.907
62.399
62.883
63.360
63.828
64.289
64.742
65.187
65.623
66.052
66.472
66.885
67.289
67.685
68.072
68.452
68.823
69.186
69.540
69.886
70.224

8.727
8.744
8.762
8.779
8.796
8.814
8.831
8.849
8.866
8.884
8.901
8.919
8.936
8.954
8.971
8.988
9.006
9.023
9.041
9.058
9.076
9.093
9.111
9.128
9.146
9.163
9.180
9.198
9.215
9.233
9.250
9.268
9.285
9.303
9.320
9.338
9.355
9.372
9.390
9.407
9.425
9.442
9.460
9.477
9.495
9.512
9.529
9.547

70.554
70.875
71.188
71.492
71.789
72.077
72.356
72.627
72.890
73.145
73.392
73.630
73.860
74.081
74.295
74.500
74.697
74.886
75.066
75.239
75.403
75.559
75.708
75.848
75.980
76.103
76.219
76.327
76.427
76.518
76.602
76.678
76.745
76.805
76.857
76.901
76.936
76.964
76.984
76.996
77.000
76.996
76.984
76.964
76.936
76.901
76.857
76.805

9.564
9.582
9.599
9.617
9.634
9.652
9.669
9.687
9.704
9.721
9.739
9.756
9.774
9.791
9.809
9.826
9.844
9.861
9.879
9.896
9.913
9.931
9.948
9.966
9.983
10.001
10.018
10.036
10.053
10.071
10.088
10.105
10.123
10.140
10.158
10.175
10.193
10.210
10.228
10.245
10.263
10.280
10.297
10.315
10.332
10.350
10.367
10.385

76.745
76.678
76.602
76.518
76.427
76.327
76.219
76.103
75.980
75.848
75.708
75.559
75.403
75.239
75.066
74.886
74.697
74.500
74.295
74.081
73.860
73.630
73.392
73.145
72.890
72.627
72.356
72.077
71.789
71.492
71.188
70.875
70.554
70.224
69.886
69.540
69.186
68.823
68.452
68.072
67.685
67.289
66.885
66.472
66.052
65.623
65.187
64.742

10.402
10.420
10.437
10.455
10.472
10.489
10.507
10.524
10.542
10.559
10.577
10.594
10.612
10.629
10.647
10.664
10.681
10.699
10.716
10.734
10.751
10.769
10.786
10.804
10.821
10.838
10.856
10.873
10.891
10.908
10.926
10.943
10.961
10.978
10.996
11.013
11.030
11.048
11.065
11.083
11.100
11.118
11.135
11.153
11.170
11.188
11.205
11.222

64.289
63.828
63.360
62.883
62.399
61.907
61.407
60.900
60.385
59.862
59.332
58.795
58.251
57.700
57.141
56.576
56.004
55.425
54.840
54.248
53.650
53.045
52.435
51.819
51.197
50.570
49.937
49.298
48.655
48.007
47.354
46.696
46.035
45.369
44.699
44.025
43.347
42.667
41.983
41.296
40.606
39.914
39.220
38.524
37.826
37.127
36.426
35.724

11.240
11.257
11.275
11.292
11.310
11.327
11.345
11.362
11.380
11.397
11.414
11.432
11.449
11.467
11.484
11.502
11.519
11.537
11.554
11.572
11.589
11.606
11.624
11.641
11.659
11.676
11.694
11.711
11.729
11.746
11.764
11.781
11.798
11.816
11.833
11.851
11.868
11.886
11.903
11.921
11.938
11.956
11.973
11.990
12.008
12.025
12.043
12.060

35.022
34.319
33.616
32.912
32.209
31.507
30.806
30.105
29.406
28.709
28.014
27.321
26.630
25.942
25.258
24.576
23.899
23.225
22.556
21.891
21.231
20.577
19.927
19.284
18.646
18.015
17.390
16.772
16.162
15.559
14.963
14.376
13.797
13.226
12.664
12.112
11.568
11.035
10.511
9.998
9.494
9.002
8.520
8.050
7.591
7.143
6.708
6.284

000

12.078
12.095
12.113
12.130
12.147
12.165
12.182
12.200
12.217
12.235
12.252
12.270
12.287
12.305
12.322
12.339
12.357
12.374
12.392
12.409
12.427
12.444
12.462
12.479
12.497
12.514
12.531
12.549
12.566

5.873
5.474
5.088
4.714
4.354
4.007
3.673
3.353
3.047
2.755
2.476
2.212
1.962
1.727
1.506
1.300
1.109
0.933
0.772
0.626
0.495
0.379
0.279
0.194
0.124
0.070
0.031
0.008
0.000

Vx

15.000

20.000

25.000

30.000

35.0

000

15.000

20.000

25.000

30.000

35.0

p-alfa

200

300

400

500

Dimensiunile relative ale pistonului di aliaj de aluminiu

Notatie
Formula de calcul
D

/D
0,08...0,1
L
L/D
0,8...1,1
Hc
Hc/D
0,45...0,75
Lm
Lm/D
0,5...0,8
du
du/D
0,3...0,5
B
B/D
0,3...0,4
s
s/D
0,05...0,1
a
a/D
0,04...0,045
a
a/D
0,038...0,043
a
0,5...0,95
a
0,8...1,1
Di
Di=D-2*(s+a+a)
H1
-

600

H1/D
h
H2
H2/D
d
d/D
di
di/d
l
l/D
D1
D2
D3
D4
H3
H4
H5

Notatie
d
g
b
c
d1
d2
d3
e
r

0,06...0,12
1,5...2,5
0,035...0,045
0,24...0,28
0,64...0,73
0,8...0,87
Inel de siguranta
Formula de calcul
Material

Euteticc
ATCSi12CuMgNiKS
TC(2)

Notatie
Cu
Ni
Si
Ma
Fe
Mn
Ti
Zi

Elemente de aliere
Formula de calcul
0,8...2
0,8...2,4
11,55...14,2
0,8...1,3
0,6 max
0
0
0
2.7
20,5...21,5
142...155

-1t
-1t
-1t
c
c
c
-1
-1
-1
HB
HB
HB
E
E

200...250
180...230
100...150
190...230
180...220
70...110
80...120
70...100
50...70
90...125
70...90
30...40
7,5...7,9
7.2
0,36...0,32

Calculul capului pistonului

Incastrat pe contur
<p
Piston racit mediu
Tr
Notatie
Ps
q

ge
Hi
R
jmax
motor
r

jz
Ta
Tr
qr
qa
*
p
K
Ri

Formula de calcul
Ps=Pe/(i*(*D^2/4))
q=Qp/*Ri^2=(*Pe*ge*Hi)/(i**R^2*3600)
0,03...0,09
0,25...0,325
R=D/2
jmax=r*^2*(1+motor)
D/2
=*n/30
jz=jmax-500
ta=qa**/
Tr=(qr*Ri^2)/(4***)
qa+qr=q
qr+qa=q
*=(+p)/2
K=(*/(R-Ri+*))*((R^2+Ri^2)/(R^2-Ri^2)+)
Ri=Di/2

Notatie
Formula de calcul
r1max
=-(*E*(3-+k))/(4*(1-+k))*Tr-(3*(1+)*Ri^2)/(8*^2)*(p
r1max
r1max
=-(*E*(3-+k))/(4*(1-+k))*Tr-(3*(1+)*Ri^2)/(8*^2)*(p
r1min
r1max
=-(*E*(3-+k))/(4*(1-+k))*Tr+(3*(1+)*Ri^2)/(8*^2)*(p
r2max
r1max
=-(*E*(3-+k))/(4*(1-+k))*Tr+(3*(1+)*Ri^2)/(8*^2)*(p
r2min
r3maxr3max=-(*E)/(2*(1-+k)*Tr+(3*Ri^2)/(4*p^2)*(pz-p0-***|jz|*10^-6)
r3minr3min=-(*E)/(2*(1-+k)*Tr+(3*Ri^2)/(4*p^2)*(pa-p0-***|jmax|*10^-6)

r4maxr4min=-(*E)/(2*(1-+k)*Tr-(3*Ri^2)/(4*p^2)*(pa-p0-***|jmax|*10^-6)
r4minr4min=-(*E)/(2*(1-+k)*Tr-(3*Ri^2)/(4*p^2)*(pa-p0-***|jmax|*10^-6)
t3max
t3max=(*E*(k-))/(2*(1-+k))*Tr+(3**Ri^2)/(4*p^2)*(pz-p0-***|jz|*10^-6)
t3min
t3min=(*E*(k-))/(2*(1-+k))*Tr+(3**Ri^2)/(4*p^2)*(pa-p0-***|jmax|*10^-6)

t4max
t4max=(*E*(k-))/(2*(1-+k))*Tr-(3**Ri^2)/(4*p^2)*(pa-p0-***|jmax|*10^-6)
t4min
t4min=(*E*(k-))/(2*(1-+k))*Tr+(3**Ri^2)/(4*p^2)*(pz-p0-***|jz|*10^-6)
t1max
t1max=r1max
t1min
t1min=r1min
t2max
t2max=r2max
t2min
t2min=r2min
Calculul coeficientilor de siguranta
Notatie
Formula de calcul
Vt1
Vt1=(r1max-r1min)/2
Vt2
Vt2=(r2max-r2min)/2
Vt3
Vt3=(r3max-r3min)/2
Vt4
Vt4=(r4max-r4min)/2
Vr1
Vr1=(t1max-t1min)/2
Vr2
Vr2=(t2max-t2min)/2
Vr3
Vr3=(t3max-t3min)/2
Vr4
Vr4=(t4max-t4min)/2
mt1
mt1=(r1max+r1min)/2
mt2
mt2=(r2max+r2min)/2
mt3
mt3=(r3max+r3min)/2
mt4
mt4=(r4max+r4min)/2
mr1
mr1=(t1max+t1min)/2
mr2
mr2=(t2max+t2min)/2
mr3
mr3=(t3max+t3min)/2
mr4
mr4=(t4max+t4min)/2
Yr1
Yr1=r1min/r1max
Yr2
Yr2=r2min/r2max
Yr3
Yr3=r3min/r3max
Yr4
Yr4=r4min/r4max
Yt1
Yt1=t1min/t1max
Yt2
Yr2=t2min/t2max
Yt3
Yt3=t3min/t3max
Yt4
Yt4=t4min/t4max
Z
Z=(-1/c-)/(1--1/c)

=(2*-1-0)/0
0
1=1,8*-1
|v/m|<Z
|v/m|<Z
|v/m|<Z
|v/m|<Z
|v/m|<Z
|v/m|<Z
|v/m|<Z
|v/m|<Z
-

c1r
c2r
c3r
c4r
c1t
c2t
c3t
c4t

1,2,3
4
1,2,3,4

4. Verificarea regiunii port-segment

4.1 Verificarea primului umar de segment
Notatie
Formula de calcul
u max
u max=(2,7*pz*(D-a-a)*(a+a)^2)/((D-2*a-2*a)*H2)
u max
u max=(0,9*pz*(D-a-a)*(a+a)^2)/((D-2*a-2*a)*H2)
pz
3,5...7,5
D
a
a
0,5...0,95
H2
rez
rez=(u max^2+4*u max^2)
rez
30...40
c
c=2*-1/(|rez|*(/(*)+)

=(2*-1-0)/0
-1
50...70
4.2 Verificarea sectiunii transversale prin canalul segmentului de ungere
Notatie
Formula de calcul
c max
c max((pz-p0)**D^2-4*Mcp*|jz|)/(4*Acp)
c min
c min((pa-p0)**D^2-4*Mcp*|jmax|)/(4*Acp)
pa
pa=p0-pa
pz
3,5...7,5
p0
D
Mcp
Mcp=*Vcp
Acp
Acp=*D^2/4

2.7
Vcp
Vcp=*D^2/4*

jz
jz=jmax-500
jmax
jmax=r*^2*(1+motor)
V
V=(c max-c min)/2

m
y

-1t
c
0t
c

m=(c max+c min)/2

y=c min/c max
=(2*-1t-0t)/0t
100...150
70...110
0t=1,8*-1t
|V/m|((-1t/c)-)/(1-(-1t/c))
c=-1t/((/(*))*V*+*|m|)
-

5. Verificarea umerilor pistonului

Notatie
Formula de calcul
pu max
pu max=((pz-p0)**D^2-4*|jz|*Mp)/(4*d*(l-B))
Mp
pz
3,5...7,5
p0
pa
pa=p0-pa
d
l
B
D
jz
jz=jmax-500
jmax
jmax=r*^2*(1+motor)

2.7
i max
i min
x
x=d/du
du
Di
Di=D-2*(s+a+a)
V
V=(i max-i min)/2
m
m=(i max+i min)/2
y
y=i min/i max

=(2*-1-0)/0
-1
50...70
0
1=1,8*-1
c
70...110
|(V/m)|>((-1/c)-)/(1-(-1/c))
c
c=-1/(/(*)*V+*|m|

r
r=(c-d*(p*Tu-b*Tb)/(1+p*Tu)
d
p
20,5...21,5
b
12
Tu
130...180

Tb
c

130...140
(0,001...0,003)*d

6. Verificarea si profilarea mantalei pistonului

6.1 Presiunea conventionala maxima
Notatie
Formula de calcul
pm
pm=FN max/(Lm*D)=0,4...0,8
FN max
FN max=pm*Lm*D
Lm
D
pm
0,4...0,8
6.2 Profilarea in plan longitudinal
Notatie
Formula de calcul
M
(0,0003...0,0013)*D
Cp
(0,002...0,004)*D
D
Tc
100...115
Tcp1
170...230
Tm1
120...160
Tm2
80...110
Dcp
0<x<(H1+H+H2+Hc2+Hu2)
x
Dm
0<x<Lm
x
D
c
(11...12)*106-6
p
20,5...21,5
Hcp
Lm
Dcp
Dcp=D-Dcp
Dm
Dm=D-Dm
Dcp
(7...9)*10^-3*D
Dm
(6...15)*10^-4*D
7. Calculul segmentilor
7.1 Dimensionarea segmentilor
7.1.1 Alegerea materialului

7.1.2 Dimensionarea prealabila a segmentilor

Notatie
Formula de calcul
D
u
3,15...3,7
A
2
B
2.5

7.2 Calculul formei segmentului in stare libera

7.2.1 Adoptarea valorii presiunii medii elastice
Notatie
Pe

Formula de calcul
-

7.2.2 Adoptarea legii de distributie a presiunii

Notatie
Formula de calcul
p()
p()=pe

and 4 cilindrii dispusi in linie, cu aspiratie normala, racit cu lichid si avand urmatoarele date initiale
Valoare
Unitate de masura
5800
rot/min
73
kW
81
mm
77
mm
9.5
4
-

Valoare
0.397
1.587
14.887
0.443
0.047

Unitate de masura
dm^3
dm^3
m/s
dm^3
dm^3

Valoare
0.1
298
0.105
1000
0.07
10
0.005
0.095
353.271

Unitate de masura
MPa
K
MPa
K
K
MPa
K

Valoare
1.32
1.855
726.072

Unitate de masura
Mpa
K

O [kg]
0.004
Valoare
1.05
0.507
0.541
0.568
0.071
0.071
0.005

MT [kg/kmol]
115
Unitate de masura
kmolaer/kgcomb.
kmoli/kgcomb.
kmoli/kgcomb.
moli/kgcomb.
moli/kgcomb.
moli/kgcomb.

a)

0.421
1.050
1.046
5.136
6.957
2300
11.04
6.15
8.46
6.02
6.42
5.55
0.8
8.942
2698.202
7.214
3.889

moli/kgcomb.
-

1.3
0.386
1373.275
889.444
12.43

bar
K
K
%

K
kcal/kmol*K
kcal/kmol*K
kcal/kmol*K
kcal/kmol*K
kcal/kmol*K
kcal/kmol*K
K
bar
bar

0.322
9.059
p
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095

Vx
dm^3
0.000
0.004
0.016
0.036
0.064
0.100
0.144
0.195
0.255
0.322
0.398
0.481
0.572
0.670
0.776
0.890
1.011
1.140
1.276
1.419

0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095

1.570
1.728
1.893
2.065
2.244
2.429
2.622
2.821
3.026
3.238
3.456
3.681
3.912
4.148
4.391
4.639
4.892
5.152
5.416
5.686
5.961
6.241
6.526
6.815
7.109
7.408
7.710
8.017
8.328
8.643
8.961
9.283
9.608
9.937
10.269
10.603
10.940
11.281
11.623
11.968
12.315
12.664
13.015
13.368
13.722
14.078
14.435
14.794

0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095

15.153
15.513
15.874
16.236
16.598
16.960
17.322
17.684
18.047
18.409
18.770
19.131
19.492
19.851
20.210
20.568
20.924
21.280
21.634
21.986
22.337
22.686
23.033
23.378
23.722
24.063
24.401
24.738
25.072
25.403
25.732
26.058
26.382
26.702
27.020
27.334
27.646
27.954
28.259
28.560
28.859
29.154
29.445
29.733
30.017
30.297
30.574
30.847

0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095

31.116
31.382
31.643
31.901
32.154
32.404
32.649
32.891
33.128
33.362
33.591
33.816
34.037
34.253
34.466
34.674
34.878
35.078
35.273
35.464
35.651
35.834
36.012
36.187
36.356
36.522
36.683
36.840
36.993
37.141
37.285
37.425
37.560
37.692
37.819
37.941
38.060
38.174
38.284
38.390
38.491
38.589
38.682
38.771
38.855
38.936
39.012
39.084

0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.096
0.096
0.096
0.096
0.096
0.096
0.097
0.097
0.097
0.097
0.097
0.098
0.098
0.098
0.098
0.099
0.099
0.099
0.100
0.100
0.101
0.101

39.152
39.216
39.276
39.331
39.383
39.430
39.473
39.512
39.547
39.578
39.604
39.627
39.645
39.660
39.670
39.676
39.678
39.676
39.670
39.660
39.645
39.627
39.604
39.578
39.547
39.512
39.473
39.430
39.383
39.331
39.276
39.216
39.152
39.084
39.012
38.936
38.855
38.771
38.682
38.589
38.491
38.390
38.284
38.174
38.060
37.941
37.819
37.692

0.101
0.102
0.102
0.103
0.103
0.104
0.104
0.105
0.105
0.106
0.106
0.107
0.108
0.108
0.109
0.110
0.111
0.111
0.112
0.113
0.114
0.115
0.115
0.116
0.117
0.118
0.119
0.120
0.121
0.123
0.124
0.125
0.126
0.127
0.129
0.130
0.131
0.133
0.134
0.136
0.137
0.139
0.141
0.142
0.144
0.146
0.148
0.150

37.560
37.425
37.285
37.141
36.993
36.840
36.683
36.522
36.356
36.187
36.012
35.834
35.651
35.464
35.273
35.078
34.878
34.674
34.466
34.253
34.037
33.816
33.591
33.362
33.128
32.891
32.649
32.404
32.154
31.901
31.643
31.382
31.116
30.847
30.574
30.297
30.017
29.733
29.445
29.154
28.859
28.560
28.259
27.954
27.646
27.334
27.020
26.702

0.152
0.154
0.156
0.159
0.161
0.163
0.166
0.168
0.171
0.174
0.177
0.180
0.183
0.186
0.189
0.193
0.196
0.200
0.204
0.208
0.212
0.216
0.220
0.225
0.230
0.235
0.240
0.245
0.251
0.256
0.262
0.269
0.275
0.282
0.289
0.296
0.304
0.312
0.320
0.328
0.337
0.347
0.356
0.366
0.377
0.388
0.400
0.412

26.382
26.058
25.732
25.403
25.072
24.738
24.401
24.063
23.722
23.378
23.033
22.686
22.337
21.986
21.634
21.280
20.924
20.568
20.210
19.851
19.492
19.131
18.770
18.409
18.047
17.684
17.322
16.960
16.598
16.236
15.874
15.513
15.153
14.794
14.435
14.078
13.722
13.368
13.015
12.664
12.315
11.968
11.623
11.281
10.940
10.603
10.269
9.937

0.424
0.437
0.451
0.465
0.480
0.496
0.512
0.529
0.547
0.565
0.585
0.605
0.626
0.648
0.671
0.695
0.720
0.746
0.773
0.801
0.831
0.861
0.893
0.925
0.959
0.994
1.030
1.067
1.105
1.144
1.184
1.224
1.265
1.307
1.348
1.390
1.432
1.473
1.514
1.554
1.593
1.630
1.665
1.698
1.729
1.757
1.782
1.804

9.608
9.283
8.961
8.643
8.328
8.017
7.710
7.408
7.109
6.815
6.526
6.241
5.961
5.686
5.416
5.152
4.892
4.639
4.391
4.148
3.912
3.681
3.456
3.238
3.026
2.821
2.622
2.429
2.244
2.065
1.893
1.728
1.570
1.419
1.276
1.140
1.011
0.890
0.776
0.670
0.572
0.481
0.398
0.322
0.255
0.195
0.144
0.100

1.822
1.836
1.847
1.853
7.214
7.207
7.189
7.158
7.116
7.063
6.998
6.924
6.840
6.747
6.647
6.540
6.427
6.308
6.185
6.058
5.929
5.798
5.665
5.532
5.398
5.265
5.132
5.001
4.872
4.744
4.619
4.497
4.376
4.259
4.145
4.033
3.925
3.819
3.717
3.618
3.522
3.429
3.339
3.252
3.168
3.087
3.008
2.932

0.064
0.036
0.016
0.004
0.000
0.004
0.016
0.036
0.064
0.100
0.144
0.195
0.255
0.322
0.398
0.481
0.572
0.670
0.776
0.890
1.011
1.140
1.276
1.419
1.570
1.728
1.893
2.065
2.244
2.429
2.622
2.821
3.026
3.238
3.456
3.681
3.912
4.148
4.391
4.639
4.892
5.152
5.416
5.686
5.961
6.241
6.526
6.815

2.859
2.788
2.720
2.654
2.591
2.530
2.471
2.414
2.359
2.306
2.254
2.205
2.157
2.111
2.067
2.024
1.983
1.943
1.904
1.867
1.831
1.796
1.763
1.730
1.699
1.669
1.639
1.611
1.583
1.557
1.531
1.506
1.482
1.459
1.437
1.415
1.394
1.373
1.354
1.334
1.316
1.298
1.280
1.263
1.247
1.231
1.216
1.201

7.109
7.408
7.710
8.017
8.328
8.643
8.961
9.283
9.608
9.937
10.269
10.603
10.940
11.281
11.623
11.968
12.315
12.664
13.015
13.368
13.722
14.078
14.435
14.794
15.153
15.513
15.874
16.236
16.598
16.960
17.322
17.684
18.047
18.409
18.770
19.131
19.492
19.851
20.210
20.568
20.924
21.280
21.634
21.986
22.337
22.686
23.033
23.378

1.186
1.172
1.158
1.145
1.132
1.120
1.108
1.096
1.084
1.073
1.063
1.052
1.042
1.032
1.023
1.013
1.004
0.996
0.987
0.979
0.971
0.963
0.955
0.948
0.941
0.934
0.927
0.921
0.914
0.908
0.902
0.897
0.891
0.885
0.880
0.875
0.870
0.865
0.860
0.856
0.851
0.847
0.843
0.839
0.835
0.831
0.828
0.824

23.722
24.063
24.401
24.738
25.072
25.403
25.732
26.058
26.382
26.702
27.020
27.334
27.646
27.954
28.259
28.560
28.859
29.154
29.445
29.733
30.017
30.297
30.574
30.847
31.116
31.382
31.643
31.901
32.154
32.404
32.649
32.891
33.128
33.362
33.591
33.816
34.037
34.253
34.466
34.674
34.878
35.078
35.273
35.464
35.651
35.834
36.012
36.187

0.821
0.818
0.814
0.811
0.808
0.805
0.803
0.800
0.797
0.795
0.793
0.790
0.788
0.786
0.784
0.782
0.780
0.778
0.777
0.775
0.774
0.772
0.771
0.770
0.768
0.767
0.766
0.765
0.764
0.764
0.763
0.762
0.762
0.761
0.761
0.760
0.760
0.760
0.759
0.759
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105

36.356
36.522
36.683
36.840
36.993
37.141
37.285
37.425
37.560
37.692
37.819
37.941
38.060
38.174
38.284
38.390
38.491
38.589
38.682
38.771
38.855
38.936
39.012
39.084
39.152
39.216
39.276
39.331
39.383
39.430
39.473
39.512
39.547
39.578
39.604
39.627
39.645
39.660
39.670
39.676
39.678
39.676
39.670
39.660
39.645
39.627
39.604
39.578

0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105

39.547
39.512
39.473
39.430
39.383
39.331
39.276
39.216
39.152
39.084
39.012
38.936
38.855
38.771
38.682
38.589
38.491
38.390
38.284
38.174
38.060
37.941
37.819
37.692
37.560
37.425
37.285
37.141
36.993
36.840
36.683
36.522
36.356
36.187
36.012
35.834
35.651
35.464
35.273
35.078
34.878
34.674
34.466
34.253
34.037
33.816
33.591
33.362

0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105

33.128
32.891
32.649
32.404
32.154
31.901
31.643
31.382
31.116
30.847
30.574
30.297
30.017
29.733
29.445
29.154
28.859
28.560
28.259
27.954
27.646
27.334
27.020
26.702
26.382
26.058
25.732
25.403
25.072
24.738
24.401
24.063
23.722
23.378
23.033
22.686
22.337
21.986
21.634
21.280
20.924
20.568
20.210
19.851
19.492
19.131
18.770
18.409

0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105

18.047
17.684
17.322
16.960
16.598
16.236
15.874
15.513
15.153
14.794
14.435
14.078
13.722
13.368
13.015
12.664
12.315
11.968
11.623
11.281
10.940
10.603
10.269
9.937
9.608
9.283
8.961
8.643
8.328
8.017
7.710
7.408
7.109
6.815
6.526
6.241
5.961
5.686
5.416
5.152
4.892
4.639
4.391
4.148
3.912
3.681
3.456
3.238

0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.105
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095
0.095

3.026
2.821
2.622
2.429
2.244
2.065
1.893
1.728
1.570
1.419
1.276
1.140
1.011
0.890
0.776
0.670
0.572
0.481
0.398
0.322
0.255
0.195
0.144
0.100
0.064
0.036
0.016
0.004
0.000

0.000

30.000

35.000

40.000

45.000

00

30.000

35.000

600

40.000

700

45.000

800

miniu
Valoare
81
7.1
0.087
75.9
0.94
47.55
0.59
51.58
0.64
31.7
0.39
27.95
0.35
5.8
0.07
3.2
0.04
3.2
0.04
0.50
0.94
61.92
7.05

Unitate de masura
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm

0.09
1.96
2.85
0.04
20.9
0.26
14.13
0.68
67.4
0.83
56
61
65
71
18
40
48

mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm

Valoare
22
22
7
6
24.6
1.5
23.7
1.6
0.8

Unitate de masura
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm

Valoare
0.8
0.8
11.55
0.8
0.5
0
0
0
2.7
0.0000215
0.142

Unitate de masura
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
kg/dm^3
1/K
kW/mK

200
180
100
190
180
70
80
70
50
90
70
30
75000
72000
0.32

MPa
MPa
MPa
MPa
MPa
MPa
MPa
MPa
MPa

MPa
MPa
-

Ta
Valoare
35.416
1088.094
0.09
0.28
43890
0.041
18918.129
0.332
0.039
607.375
18418.129
21.120
124.912
816.071
272.024
0.011
0.015
2.215
0.031

Unitate de masura
kW/dm^2
kW/m^2
kg/kW*h
KJ/kg
m
m
rad/s
m/s^2
K
K
kW/m^2
kW/m^3
m
m
m

Valoare
-98.081
-102.168
-65.387
-68.112
-43.333
-68.470

Unitate de masura
MPa
MPa
MPa
MPa
MPa
MPa

-0.711
-23.845
-43.333
-68.470
-0.711
-23.845
-98.081
-102.168
-65.387
-68.112

MPa
MPa
MPa
MPa
MPa
MPa
MPa
MPa
MPa
MPa

Valoare
2.043
1.36
12.569
11.567
2.043
1.36
12.569
11.567
-100.125
-66.750
-55.9
-12.278
-100.125
-66.750
-55.9
11.567
1.042
1.042
1.580
96.345
1.042
1.042
1.580
33.552
2.111
0.111
90
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000

Unitate de masura
MPa
MPa
MPa
MPa
MPa
MPa
MPa
MPa
MPa
MPa
MPa
MPa
MPa
MPa
MPa
MPa
-

MPa
-

1
1.1
1
1
5.316
7.974
3.727
4.969
5.316
7.974
3.727
4.969

Valoare
30.510
7.75
6.320
86
3.7
0.8
3.44
34.218
0
2.413
1.1
1
1
0.111
50

Unitate de masura
MPa
MPa
bar
mm
mm
mm
mm
MPa
MPa
MPa
MPa

Valoare
5.865841594
-0.369607406
0.095
6.320
0.1
86
0.121
5808.805
2.7
0.045
7.7
16947.000
17447.000
3.118

Unitate de masura
MPa
MPa
MPa
bar
MPa
mm
kg
mm^2
kg/dm^3
dm^3
mm
m/s^2
MPa

lui de ungere

2.748
-0.063
0.111
120
100
216
1
19.76
1.85
1
1

MPa
MPa

Valoare
36.209
0.35
6.320
0.1
0.095
22.4
67
30.10
86
16947.000
17447.000
2.7
35.929
-7.300
0.650
34.4
64.24
21.614
14.315
-0.203
0.111
50
90
100
1
1.9711206437
1.1
1
1
0.016892
22
0.000019
0.000012
150

Unitate de masura
MPa
kg
bar
MPa
MPa
mm
mm
mm
mm
m/s^2
kg/dm^3
MPa
MPa
mm
mm
MPa
MPa
MPa

MPa
MPa
MPa
-

MPa
MPa
MPa
mm
mm
1/K
1/K
K

135
0.044

K
mm

Valoare
2616.12
50.70
86
0.6

Unitate de masura
MPa
N
mm
mm
MPa

Valoare
0.0688
0.258
86
110
200
140
90
85.6642556609

Unitate de masura
mm
mm
mm
K
K
K
K
mm

15
85.85
25.75
1
86
0.0000115
0.000019
7.74
50.70
0.3357443391
0.15
0.688
0.129

mm
mm
mm
1/K
1/K
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm

Valoare
86
3.5
1.5
2

Unitate de masura
mm
mm
mm
mm

2.5

mm

Valoare
0.18

Unitate de masura
MPa

Valoare
0.18

Unitate de masura
MPa

HI [kcal/kg]
10500

45.000

45.000

800

1,8* sig -1t