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Public spaces have played a fundamental role throughout history. From the
time that humans first defined private spaces, public spaces have served as
places where people have come together to exchange ideas, becoming centers
for free speech and public discourse.Defined as an environment of a simple
reciprocal observability, a practical intersubjectivity among persons in order to
make possible their ability of communication and socialization, or an ensemble
of scenes where a group of organized and politically oriented actions is
exposed, the public space is practically the place where the constituent
activities of the political fact are carried on.
Definirea conceptului de spaiu public
Noiunea de spaiu public cunoate un destin ascendent ncepnd cu anul
1978. Depind analiza efectelor mass-media asupra instituiilor i practicilor
politice, aceast noiune aduce un cadru conceptual consistent pentru
integrarea fenomenelor de comunicare n teoria politic, n special prin
reinterpretarea distinciei dintre stat i societatea civil.
Utilizarea noiunii de spaiu public pune ns o serie de probleme de
interpretare, deoarece accepiunile sale se mpart ntre cei doi poli: cel social i
cel politic. n acest sens, Pierre Chambat1 menioneaz trei dintre aceste
accepiuni, care se disting prin gradul de coordonare a aciunii comune :
ntr-o prim accepiune, spaiul public desemneaz un mediu de simpl
observabilitate reciproc. Este sensul dat de Richard Sennett,2reprezentant al
colii de la Chicago, care analizeaz oraul ca pe un loc de ntlnire pentru
strini, unde spaiul public este un loc n care semnele i indiciile sunt puse la
dispoziia ocupanilor si pentru a descifra strile lor interne i pentru a face
reciproce atribuiile lor;
ritual sau mai degrab de o gramatic a activitilor proprii spaiului public: este
vorba,
mai
nti
de
ritualuri
politice
instituionale
(srbtori,
consumului
televizual).
Semnificativ
acest
sens
este
moderne.
Obiectivarea
de
sine
(caracterizare
preferabil
ceea
ce
privete
impactul
noilor
practici
de
comunicare
politic
NOTE
1 Paillart, Isabelle,(coord.), Spaiul public i comunicarea, (Bucureti: Editura
Polirom, 2002), 67-69.
2 Sennett, Richard, La Ville vue doeil, (Paris: Plon, 1990).
3 Lamizet, Bernard, Politique et identit, (Presses universitaires de Lyon, 2002).
4 Patrice Flichy ,Une Histoire de la communication moderne: espace public et
vie prive, (Paris:La Dcouverte,1991).
5 Paul Beaud , Mdias, mdiations et mdiateurs dans la socit industrielle,
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(Grenoble: Universit Stendhal,1986).
6 Boudon , Raymond, La logique du social, (Hachette, 1979).
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1995).
9 Artufel ,Claire et Duroux,Marlne, Nicolas Sarkozy et la Communication,
(Paris: Pepper, 2006).
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Fayard, 1987).
13 Mige, Bernard, ,,Lespace public: au del de la sphre politique,in Herms,
nr. 17, 18,.(1995a): 49-62.
Wolton, Dominique, Eloge du grand public, (Paris, Flammarion, 1990).
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(Paris:La Decouverte, 2oo4)