Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
antropologici
Barbu Nicoleta
Anul I
TIT 2, Germană-Engleză
1
1.
ID Language: English
Term: acculturation
Source: http://en.wiktionary.org
Accessed March 27, 2012
Antonyms: -
2
RO equivalent: aculturație
Antonyms: -
Comments:
3
2.
ID Language: English
ID Country: from the Greek prefix “a-“ = “without” + the Greek word
“kephale” (κεφαλή) = “head” (literally or figuratively, meaning
leader)
Source: http://www.myetymology.com
Accessed March 27, 2012
Comments:
4
RO Equivalent: societate egalitaristă
Synonyms: -
Comments:
5
3.
ID Language: English
Source: http://www.myetymology.com
Accessed March 27, 2012
Standard definition: what people really do in their lives rather than what they
think they are doing or what they believe they should be
doing. In most societies there is a discrepancy between
these three kinds of behavior.
6
Ro equivalent: comportament real
Comments:
7
4.
ID Language: English
Source: http://www.webref.org/anthropology/a.htm
Accessed March 27, 2012
Antonyms: ultimogeniture
Comments:
8
Ro equivalent: primogenitură agnatică
Antonyms: ultimogenitură
Synonyms: -
Comments: -
9
5.
ID Language: English
Term: Animism
Source: http://oregonstate.edu/cla/anthropology/glossary
Accessed March 28, 2012
Standard definition: The doctrine that all natural objects and the universe itself
have souls
Antonyms: -
Synonyms: -
10
or Judaism, even though it is often omitted from
books on comparative religion.
Ro equivalent: Animism
Antonyms: -
Synonyms: -
Comments:
11
6.
ID Language: English
Term: Anomie
Source: http://www.anthrobase.com/Dic/eng/
Accessed March 28, 2012
Antonyms: -
12
command, whereas anomie denotes lack of rules, structure,
and organization.
Ro equivalent: Anomie
Antonyms: -
13
7.
ID Language: English
Source: http://www.myetymology.com
Accessed March 28, 2012
Standard definition: The Aquatic Ape Theory says humans went through an
aquatic or semi-aquatic stage in our evolution and that this
accounts for many features seen in human anatomy and
physiology. Using the principle of convergent evolution, it
says that life in an aquatic environment explains these
features, and that a transition from ape to hominid in a
non-aquatic environment cannot.
Antonyms: -
Contexts: 1. “You'll also notice she changed the subject from the
Aquatic Ape theory to the Aquatic Ape hypothesis.”
(http://www.aquaticape.org, “A brief critique of Morgan's book
The Aquatic Ape Hypothesis”, accessed March 28, 2012)
2. “A key problem cited by orthodox scientists, the lack of
fossil evidence for the Aquatic Ape Theory, is ridiculous.
None of the aquatic characteristics listed here can be
deduced from fossils.” (http://survive2012.com, “The Aquatic
Ape Theory”, accessed March 28, 2012)
14
Use area/field: Anthropology, Archaeology, Evolutionism
Comments:
Antonyms: -
Comments:
15
8.
ID Language: English
Source: http://www.myetymology.com
Accessed March 28, 2012
Standard definition: Social status (e.g., race or gender) that people have little
or no choice about occupying; the social status a person is
assigned at birth or assumed involuntarily later in life.
Synonyms: -
Comments:
16
Ro equivalent: statut atribuit
Synonyms: -
Comments:
17
9.
ID Language: English
Source: http://www.etymonline.com
Accessed March 28, 2012
Antonyms: -
Synonyms: -
18
Comments: Cargo cult science refers to practices that have the
semblance of being scientific, but do not in fact follow the
scientific method. The term was first used by the physicist
Richard Feynman during his commencement address at the
California Institute of Technology, United States, in 1974.
Today, the term is used broadly for misappropriation and use
of techniques without understanding what they are for.
Antonyms: -
Synonyms: -
Comments:
19
10.
ID Language: English
Term: clade
Source: http://en.wiktionary.org
Accessed March 29, 2012
Antonyms: -
Contexts: 1. “Neither Dalton nor the Chief Vet, Debby Reynolds, could
tell their audience of Conservative front-benchers which
clade, or sub-type, of the H5N1 virus family was responsible.”
(London times, “Professor Sir Howard Dalton”, January 16,
2008)
2. “Several human trials using different techniques are now
under way, but developers of this vaccine, targeted against
the Clade A HIV-1 strain that is prevalent in east Africa, might
help develop vaccines that can combat several strains at one
time” (The Guardian, “Volunteers sought for tests on Aids
vaccine”, February 6, 2002, James Meikle)
3. “Family Tree DNA now offers its Y-DNA customers Deep
Clade tests to determine or confirm the exact subclade or
branch of their haplogroup.” (http://www.familytreedna.com,
“Deepclade Haplogroup Tests:, accessed March 29, 2012)
20
Use area/field: Biological Anthropology, Biology, Genetics, Systematic
Biology, Taxonomy, Virusology
Comments:
Ro equivalent: cladă
Antonyms: -
Comments:
21
11.
ID Language: English
Term: diffusionism
ID Country: from the Latin word “diffundere” = “to scatter”, “to pour out”
Source: http://www.webref.org/anthropology
Accessed March 29, 2012
Antonyms: evolutionism
Synonyms: -
22
Use area/field: Cultural Anthropology, Sociology, Hystoriography,
Ethnography, Archaeology
Comments:
Ro equivalent: difuzionism
Antonyms: evolutionism
Synonyms: -
Comments:
23
12.
ID Language: English
Term: diglossia
ID Country: from the Greek prefix “di-“ = “two” + the Greek word
“glossa" = “tongue”
Source: http://www.myetymology.com
Accessed March 29, 2012
Standard definition: The situation in which two forms of the same language are
spoken by people in the same language community,
depending on the social situation.
Antonyms: -
Synonyms: bilingualism
24
Use area/field: Cultural Anthropology, Linguistics, Sociolinguistics
Comments:
Ro equivalent: diglosie
Antonyms: -
Synonyms: bilingvism
25
exemplul grecesc, diglosia occitană în epoca trubadurilor,
franceza normativă şi franceza populară.
13.
ID Language: English
Term: glottochronology
Source: http://www.etymonline.com
Accessed March 29, 2012
Antonyms: -
Synonyms: lexicostatistics
26
Collocations: “glottochronologic tests”, “glottochronology research”
“glottochronology method”, “classical glottochronology”
Antonyms: -
Comments:
27
14.
ID Language: English
Term: Kulturkreise
Source: http://www.etymonline.com
Accessed March 30, 2012
Antonyms: -
28
Collocations: “Kulturkreise theory”, “Kulturkreise hypothesis”
”Kulturkreise school of anthropology”.
Ro equivalent: Kulturkreis
Antonyms: -
29
Comments:
15.
ID Language: English
Term: neoteny
Source: http://www.webref.org/anthropology/n/neoteny
Accessed March 30, 2012
Synonyms: Juvenilization
30
(The London Times, “What makes men unfaithful”,
December 11, 2007, Desmond Morris)
Ro equivalent: Neotenie
Antonyms: -
Synonyms: -
Comments:
31
16.
ID Language: English
ID Country: from the Latin word “participare” = “to take part” + Latin
word “observation” = “a watching over”
Source: http://www.etymonline.com
Accessed March 30, 2012
Synonyms: -
32
and via this method he was able to uncover the 'unofficial
reality' of life in a mental institution.”
(http://wps.pearsoned.co.uk, “Doing Social Science: an
Introduction to Method”, accessed March 30, 2012)
Synonyms: -
33
Use area/field: Antropologie Culturală, Etnografie, Metodologie, Sociologie
17.
ID Language: English
Term: phratry
Source: http://www.etymonline.com
Accessed March 31, 2012
Antonyms: -
34
“Kinship Organisations and Group Marriage in Australia”,
accessed March 31, 2012)
2. “The dissertation is intended as an analysis of the Attic
phratry. The testimonia for specific phratries are reproduced
with translation and commentary.”
(http://repository.upenn.edu, “The Attic Phratry”, accessed
March 31, 2012)
3. “It is now common to designate as phratries any
grouping or association of clans which recognize some
relationship to each other. Often, therefore, phratries are
organized around either a division of labour or distinct ritual
functions.” (http://www.encyclopedia.com, “Dictionary of
Sociology”, accessed March 31, 2012)
Comments:
Ro equivalent: “fratrie”
Definition: 1. Grup de mai multe ginți înrudite între ele prin legături de
sânge
2. Grupare mare de plante apropiate genetic.
Subdiviziune a triburilor grecești antice (mai ales a celor
atice)
Antonyms: -
Synonyms: descendență
35
Use area/field: Antropologie Culturală, Etnologie, Sociologie
Comments:
18.
ID Language: English
Term: polyandry
ID Country: from the Greek prefixoid “poly-“ = “many” + the Greek word
“Andros”(ἀνδρός) = “man”
Source: http://www.myetymology.com
Accessed March 31, 2012
Synonyms: polygamy
36
2. “To a generation viewing polyandry as the highest form
of marriage, sex was not degrading or base, but a holy rite.
Throughout the whole history of our church leaders have
unapologetically declared God to be the literal father of Jesus
Christ, but have left the specifics of that union up to our
individual imaginations.”
(The Guardian, “Why Mormons do not worship Mary”,
September 8, 2012, Tresa Edmunds)
Comments:
Ro equivalent: poliandrie
Synonyms: poligamie
37
frații lui.” ( http://www.yuppy.ro, “Infidelitatea este firească”,
15 martie 2006, accesat pe 31 martie 2012)
Comments:
19.
ID Language: English
Term: syncretism
Source: http://www.myetymology.com
Accessed March 31, 2012
Antonyms: -
38
(London Times, “An Imperial Possession: Britain in the
Roman Empire”, August 5, 2007, Ross Leckie)
2. “It is important to note, however, that the claim that the
Bahá'í Faith is a syncretism is strongly rejected by the
Bahá'ís themselves and by their scriptures. Where does the
idea that the Bahá'í Faith is syncretic come from? What does
the idea entail?” (http://bahai-library.com, “The Baha'i Faith
and Syncretism”, accessed March 31, 2012)
3. “In a 'classic' example of the process of syncretism, the
character and characteristics of several earlier gods were
rolled into one, the god Serapis.”
(http://www.jesusneverexisted.com, “The Greeks create a
universal God”, accessed March 31, 2012)
Comments:
Ro equivalent: sincretism
Antonyms: -
39
Collocations: “sincretism religios”, “sincretism cultural”
“proces de sincretism”
Comments:
20.
ID Language: English
Term: theocracy
Source: http://www.etymonline.com
Accessed March 31, 2012
Antonyms: -
Synonyms: -
40
2. “Opening the British Museum's excellent exhibition on
Shah Abbas last night, Jack Straw attempted to defend the
current Iranian theocracy.” (The Guardian, “Britain was
never a theocracy like modern Iran”, January 12, 2009)
Comments:
Ro equivalent: teocrație
Antonyms: -
Synonyms: -
41
Collocations: “regim de teocrație”
“stat teocratic”
“politica teocrației”
“sistem teocratic”
Comments:
42