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Y oun g M en of th e ro f e ssi o n T he , oas t 405
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S ou th e r n l l i no i s D e nt a l

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S o ci e t y . .

M y th i l Z
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S u r e ry o f t h e o u th a nd J aw s . 5 34 Z i nc , C hl o ri e oi . .

S p e c i m e ns 1 24—309—4 5 1 —55 9 Z i nc , R enew i n f or D i e s g ,

 L I S T O F C O N T R I B U T O R S .

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A d a m s, M org a n, S ar d i s, M i ss 6 L e w i s J H a l l W a sh i ng t o n D
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B art l e t t ; W M , S t L o u i s, M o 55
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. 24 1 .

B arl o w , F C . . 4 78 M c C oy , J oh n C , S a nt a A na , C a l 5 06
B o w ne , E H K i ng st o n, N Y
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. . 4 74
B l a i sd e l l , E C , P ort sm ou th , N H
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, E ng l a nd 264

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 C H YE S OF

E N T ST R Y
‘

S UC C E S S O R TO

Miss ouri D e nta l J o urna l , a l so Consol i da te d wi t/7 N ew E ngl a nd Jo urna l of D entistry .

VOL . V II .
,
N o . J ANUARY ,
1 890 . N E W SER I E S
[ .

@ r i gi na l fi rtie l e s .

N o a r ti cl e p u bl i shed i n tl z i s depa r tm e nt t ha t l z a s bee n r ea d bef ore

w i l l be
an y soci e ty o r l z a s appea re d i n a ny p u bl i ca ti on .

T b e ed i tor d oes not hol d h i m se lf r esp ons i bl e i n a ny se nse f or tl z e v i e ws , ,

ex pr essed by tl z e a u tho r s of o r ig i na l a r ti cl es .

A ny a r ti cl e i nte nded f or tl z is d epa r tm e nt sl z o nl d be r ece i ve d by tl z e fi r st

of the m o ntl z p r e v i ous to i ts p u bl i ca ti o n — E d .

REFLEX NER V OU S A CTION FRO M D ENTAL LE S ION .

A C A S E IN PR A CTI C E .

L I G ER OLL KEOKUK IO WABY . C . N S , , .

Th e re is so much v a gu e ne ss i n the m i nd s o f m o st p e rso ns

c o nc e r ni ng ne u ra lgi a a nd re fl e x ne rv e a c ti o n a nd it i s so di tti ,

cul t o i e xpl a na ti o n by m e re w o rd s th a t t he f o ll o wi ng c a se o f ,

r e c e nt o ccu rre nc e i n my p ra c ti c e will b e fo u nd illu stra t iv e a nd,

i nstruc t iv e I n so m e re sp e c ts it is the m o st re m a k a bl e c a se
.

t ha t ha s e v e r c o m e to my no t ic e .

T he p a ti e nt w a s a l a dy o f a b o u t f o rty y e a rs o f a ge u nm a r ,

ri e d o f a ne rv o u s o rg a niz a ti o n w ho f o r se v e n y e a rs p a st ha d
, ,
2 TH E A R C HIVE S or DEN T I S T RY .

b e e n e nga g e d i n mi ssi o na ry w o r k o n o ne of the i sl a nd s o f the

Pa cific O c e a n A l tho ug h suffe r i ng m a ny i nc o nv e ni e nc e s d is
.
,

c omf or ts and di sc o u ra g e m e nts she w as a mbi ti ou s a nd m a d e he r ,

w o rk a succ ess B ut i n the mid st o f i t he r h e al t h w as d e cli n

.

ing sl o wly b ut v e ry p e r c e p t ibly ; not h o w e v e r suffici e ntly t o

—
,

p ro stra te he r S he k e p t o n wi t h he r w o r k a l th o ugh he r
.
,

a pp e t i te ha d f a il e d a nd fo o d w a s t a k e n wi th o u t re li sh he r
,
—

hea d a nd f a c e w e re o f te n t r o ubl e d by w a nd e r i ng p a i ns so m e ,

t im e s shar p a nd se v e re which l a tt e rly ha d b e c o m e se a te d i n he r

,

sh o uld e r s a nd spi ne H e r nigh t s w e re to rt u r e d by w a k e ful ne ss

.
,

re stl e ssne ss a nd f r igh tful d re a m s S he k ne w v ery li ttl e o f the .

r e cup e r a ti o n o f sl e e p I n f a c t th e r e w a s no r e cup e r a t i o n b u t
.
,

a d a ily we e kly a nd m o nthly d e cli ne a nd she se e m e d to b e

, ,

tra v e li ng the r o a d t o c e r ta i n d e a t h .

H e r f r i e nd s b e c a m e a l a r m e d wi t h t he th o ugh t th a t d e a th
migh t wi t hi n a f e w m o nt h s re l e a se he r f ro m he r e arthly w o rk
, , ,

u nl e ss she c o uld ge t so m e sp e e dy r e li e f S he ha d b e c o m e .

ne r v o u sly p ro stra te d a nd g re a t ly e m a ci a te d H e r fa ce w a s .

’
bl o o dl e ss a nd p a lid H e r p hy sici a n s e ff orts ha d p ro v e d a f a il
.

u r e i n t o ni ng up t he s y ste m Wi th his a dvic e a nd the u rge ncy.

o f he r f r i e nd s she d e cid e d t o l e a v e the i sl a nd a nd r e tu r n t o

,

the S tate s .

S he f o u nd he r w a y to a sa ni t a r ium i n H a mil to n I ll a c ro ss
'

.
, , ,

the r iv e r f r o m K e o kuk wh e re m a nv ch r o nic i nv a lid s ha d b e e n

,

tr e a t e d wi t h g r e a t s ucc e ss T he ch a nge f r o m w or k to re st g a v e
.

he r som e ho p e b ut wi t h no a pp e t i te f o r f o o d p oor dig e st i on , ,

l i tt l e o r no S l e e p he r ch a nc e s f or re c o v e ry se e m e d v er y slim a nd
,

a l o ng w ay o ff B ut he r phy sici a n D r R i ngl a nd w ho is a ccu s

.
,
.
,

t e m e d t o l o o k i nto the m o u th s o f his p a t i e nt s no t simply to se e ,

t h e i r tongu e s b u t to e x a mi ne th e i r te e t h a s org a ns b e l o ngi ng

,

to the dig e st iv e sy ste m di sc o v e re d th a t her m o uth ne e d e d so m e

,

d e nta l w or k S he a t l e ngt h c a ll e d his atte nti o n to a n a chi ng

.

t oo th —
a n i nf e r i o r cu sp id H e a dvi se d he r to go wi t h him o v e r
.

the r iv e r a nd c a ll o n m e .

S he c a m e i nto my offi c e a id e d by t he h e lpi ng h a nd o f he r ,

phy sici a n a d a rk h a i re d t a ll S l e nd e r d e lic a te a nd p a l e l o o k

— -

, , ,

i ng w o m a n a nd se a te d h e rse lf in a m a nne r to i ndi c a te th a t

—

stre ng t h h o p e a nd c o u ra g e w e re w e ll nigh g o ne
,
.
 O RI G INAL A RT I C LE S . 3

Wi t h a li ttl e qui e t ta lk to o v e r c o m e he r ne r v o u s d re a d a nd ,

a li ttl e u rg e ncy o n t he p a r t o f he r phy sici a n a nd my se lf w e go t ,

her to m ea su re f e e bl e ste p s to w ar d the Op e r a ti ng r o o m Wh e n .

she l o o k e d i n a nd sa w t he c ha i r she sh r u nk b a ck a nd t u r ne d t he,

wild gl a re o f he r e y e s to w a r d the c orne rs o f the ro o m i n se ar ch

f o r so m e p o ssibl e e sc a p e I a ssu re d he rthat I w ould do no thi ng
.

by f o r c e b ut o nly wi th he r full e st c o nse nt th at I w o uld m a k e

,
—

t he e x a mi na t i o n wi th o u t i nfli c ti ng t he sligh t e st p a i n w o uld o nly —

e mpl o y a m o u t h gl a ss a nd the t o uch o f my fi nge r wi th t hi s —

a ssu ra nc e she c r e p t sl o wly i nt o t he ch a i r t re mbli ng lik e a n ,

a sp e n l e a f .

I di sc ov e re d th at o n the upp e r j a w S he had a pl ate of artifi

c i a l te e t h the na tu ra l cu spid s o nly r e m a i ni ng
—
S he c a ll e d my .

a tt e nti o n imm e di a t e ly to the a chi ng cu spid i n the l o w e r

j aw ,

which w a s fill e d wi th c o tto n A bo u t o ne thi rd o f the c ro w n .

-

ha d b e e n r e m o v e d by d e c a y a l so a lik e p ro p o r t i o n of t he a dj o i n
i ng i nci so r O n e x a mi na t i o n I f o u nd no e xp osu re o f the ne r v e
.

i n e i th e r to o th a nd no o r igi na ti ng c a u se of p a i n
,
I so i nfor m e d .

he r . Gl anci ng b a ck I sa w the r oo ts of the se c ond bi cupid and ,

the fi rst a nd se c o nd m o l ars su rr o u nd e d by a gli st e ni ng re d,

gum and e nci rl e d wi th pu s O n t o uch wi th my fi ng e r I f o u nd

,
.

al l
,
e xc e p t o ne l o o se L o o ki ng a c ro ss to the o th e r sid e of t he
, .

m o ut h I sa w the l e f t cu spid r o ot wi t h a g o ld sc re w p roj e c ti ng

,

f ro m its c e ntra l c anal te lli ng the story of p a st d e nta l w or k

, .

Th ro ugh a ga p i n the gum o n the l a bi a l sid e I sa w a f re e ,

di sch arg e o f th i n w a te ry pus wi th a l l the sig ns of ca r i e s o f

, ,

the a lv e o l a r p ro c e ss B a ck on the sa m e sid e I sa w a l so t h re e

.

r a gg e d ro o t s wi t h t h e i r r o se tte s o f tu m e fi e d gum .

T he c a se w as no w pl a i n Thi s c o ndi ti o n w a s o f l o ng co n
.

t inu a nce I i nform e d the l a dy th a t she w as livi ng o n pus e at

.
—

i ng d r i nki ng b re a thi ng p o i so n t h a t i t w a s no t o v e rw o r k th a t
, ,
—

w as p ro st ra ti ng a nd killi ng he r b u t pu s th a t she c o uld ne v e r ,

—

r e g a i n he r h e a l t h by a ny tre a t m e nt th a t did no t i nclud e t he re

m ov a l of th e se r o o ts o f te e th a nd a l l c a u se s o f ne rv e i r ri ta ti o n,
,

a nd the re sto ra ti o n o f he r e nt i re m o nth t o a h e a l thy c o ndi ti o n .

S he w as p e rsu a d e d to b e li e v e th a t the pre se nt w a s the o ppo r

t une t im e f or h a vi ng i t d o ne Wi th the a pplic a ti o n o f a so lu
. .

ti o n o f c o c a i ne i n c a mph o phe ni qu e ( 1 gr to 10 d ro p s) a s a l o c a l
-

.
,
4 TH E AR C H I VE S OF DEN T I S T RY .

a nae st h e tic ,
I
ucc e e de d i n r e m o vi ng a l l the r o ots f ro m the
s
'

l o we r j a w w i th o u t se r i o u s p a i n he r ne r v o u s e xci te m e nt m e a n
—

whil e a c ti ng a naesth e t ic a lly Th e n a f te r r e m o vi ng h e a vy de po s

.

i ts of calculu s f ro m the l o w e r i nci so rs I di smi sse d my p at i e nt ,

to r e tu r n i n o ne w e e k ; h o pi ng f or a nd e xp e c t i ng t he b e st
‘

, .

r e sul t s .

Whe n she re tu rne d I no tic e d an imp r o v e m e nt i n t he e xp re s

si o n o f c o u nt e na nc e l e ss a nxi e ty a nd wild ne ss i n he r eye a nd
, ,

a fi rm e r st e p I a sk e d he r how S he had b e e n si nce the o p era

.

t i o n o n he r m o u th .

S he sa id I a m b e tte r h a v e be e n a bl e to S l ee p a li tt l e b ut
—
,

I h a ve no a pp e ti te and night a fte r nigh t I sti l l toss o n my b e d

f ro m sid e to sid e t o rtu re d by th e se di stre ssi ng p a i ns in my
,

sh o uld e r s a nd spi ne
”
.

I sa id to her I w a nt no w to l o o k at y ou r upp e r j a w S he .

ha d b e e n t a x e d so se v e re ly i n t he o p e r a t i o n o n he r l o w e r j a w ,

I did not d e e m it a dvi sa ble to co nti nu e my o p e r a ti o ns u ntil

a no t h e r si tti ng a nd a s my a tt e nt i o n ha d no t b e e n c a ll e d by he r

t o a ny tr o ubl e c o nne c te d wi t h t he upp e r j a w a nd fu r t h e r m o r e , ,

t h a t j aw b e i ng suppli e d wi t h a rt ifici a l te e t h I did no t d e e m ,

i nv e stigat i o n e sse nti a l in t he fi rst o p era t i o n O n r e m o vi ng the .

pl a te h o w e v e r I di sc o v e re d th at the upp e r j a w w a s i n a w orse

, ,

c ondi ti on if p ossibl e th a n the l o w e r

, ,
.

I re m ark e d to he r : H ere is ca u se suffici e nt to a cco u nt f or

“

a l l t he p a i n y o u e xp e r i e nc e i n y o u r sh o uld e rs a nd spi ne f or at ,

the b a se of the b ra i n t he f a ci a l ne r v e s c o nne c t wi th the spi na l

ne r v e s a nd r e fl e x a c ti o n t a k e s pl a c e f ro m t ha t p o i nt a s a co m
,

m o n c e nt e r ”
.

H e r c o u r a g e no w b e ga n t o fa i l he r B ut h a vi ng a l re a dy .

e xp e r i e nc e d so m e r e li e f f ro m t he o p era t i o n o n t he l o w e r
j aw ,

wi th o u t m any u rg e nt p ro te st s she sub mi tte d t o t he o p e r a t i on,

o n t he upp e r j a w .

I re m o v e d se v en l o ose roo ts a l l i n the sa m e c ondi ti o n a s the

,

r o o t s f o u nd i n t he l o w e r a w c di i o n w as r e nd ere d
j B u t t he o n t .

f a r w o r se by t h e i r b e i ng c o v e re d by a pl a t e of a rt ifici a l te e t h .

T he pl a t e re st i ng up o n t he p ro tr udi ng ro ot s c o uld no t b e
, ,

p re sse d up o n o r m o v e d wi th o u t c a u si ng se r i o u s i rri ta t i on .

Thi s o p e ra ti o n thro ugh wi th I di smi sse d m y p a ti e nt f o r re st , ,

 O RIGINAL A RT I C LE S . 5

wi th t he re qu e st t ha t s he c a ll a g a i n i n a w e e k S he did no t .

re tu rn a cc o rdi ng to a pp o i nt m e nt S e e i ng he r phy sici a n o n the .

stre e t a f te r a b o u t t e n d a y s I i nqui r e d t o l e a rn he r c o ndi t i on

, ,
.

W hy sa id he ,
”
S he has b e e n a sl e e p a lm o st e v e r si nc e she
,

w a s a t y o u r o ffi ce d ay a nd nigh tu

S he sl e p t f o r o ne full w e e k .
,

l a cki ng a f e w h o u rs W e c o uld ro u se he r to ta k e a li ttl e no u r

.

i shm e nt a nd he r d a ily b a th ; b ut S he w o uld go to sl e e p w hil e

,

e a t i ng o—
t o sl e e p r igh t i n t he b a t h t u b A S I f o u nd he r pul se
g .

a l l r igh t a nd he r r e spi ra t i o n g o o d I did no t f e e l a l a r m e d

, no r , ,

try to k e e p he r a w a k e A l l she a sk e d w a s to b e l e t a l o ne
.
”
I .

a sk e d H o w ha s she b e e n si nc e she w o k e f ro m he r l o ng
“

sl e e p ? B e tte r a nd l o ok s l ik e a noth e r w o m a n sa id he I
,
”
,
.

a sk e d him t o b r i ng he r o v e r a g a i n as soo n a s she ha d g a i ne d a ,

li ttl e stre ngth th a t I migh t c o mpl e te the cl e a nsi ng of he r te e th

, ,

a nd filli ng a f e w c a vi ti e s of d e c a y .

S he c a m e i n a b o u t t h re e w e e k s S he w a lk e d up t he sta i rs .

wi t h a fi r m ste p a nd e nt e re d my r o o m wi th a ch e e rful c o u nt e
,

na nc e a nd l a ugh i ng h e a rtily a s t ho ugh so m e t hi ng sup re m e l y

.
,

c o m i ca l w a s st i r ri ng he r th o ugh t s I a sk e d her t o giv e a n .

a cc o u nt o f h e rse lf
.
S he sa id . I sl e p t b e e a use I w a nte d to sl e e p ,

a nd did no t w a nt a ny t hi ng e l se I t w a s such c o mf o rt t o sl e e p
.

A ll t he p a i n ha s go ne f ro m my sh o uld e rs and spi ne a nd I h a v e ,

no t ha d a t w i ng e o f p a i n i n my f a c e o r j a w s si nc e y o u t oo k o ut
my te e th .

S he ha d re c o v e re d he r a pp e tit e the gl are o f he r e ye w a s ,

g o ne c o l or ha d c o m e to he r fa c e a l l the li ne s o f p a i n ha d dis
, ,

a pp e a re d a nd S he l o o k e d a s t h o ugh s he ha d g a i ne d a p o u nd a
,

day si nc e I l a st sa w he r S he w a s th e n pl a nni ng t o l e a v e the

.

sa ni tar i um c o nsid e r i ng h e rse l f a w e ll w o m a n

,
.

Wh e n I fi rst re m o v e d th a t pl a te o f a rtifici a l te e th a nd sa w
t he c o ndi t i o n o f he r m o u th a nd th o ugh t o f t he y e ars o f suff e r
,

i ng a nd t he d ist ruc tio n o f b o dily h e a l t h t h a t w e re t he di re c t

,

re sul t I c o uld no t he lp e xcl a imi ng wi th so m e v e h e m e nc e

,

“
Wh a t f o ol o f a d e nti st t re a te d y o u so c ru e lly ? H e ha s alm o s t
mu rd e re d yo u
T he e xpl a na ti o n o f he r c a se a nd i ts s ingl a r d e no u e m e nt i s
, .
.

s impl e B e i ng o f a ne r v e sa ngui ne te mp e ra m e nt t he l a dy ha d
.
-

g re a t vi ta li ty a nd stro ng re e u pe ra tiv e p o w e r W he n the c o n .

6 TH E AR C H I VE S OF DEN T I S TR Y .

di ti o n o f the muc o u s m e mb ra ne o f the m o u th ha d e x te nd e d to

t he sto m a ch a nd imp a i r e d i ts t o ne a nd fu nc t i o ns a nd wh e n t he
, ,

i rri ta t i o n o f the d e nt a l ne rv e s a t fi rst sligh t ha d e x t e nd e d to

, ,

t he b a se o f the b ra i n a nd the nc e t o m o r e r e m o t e p a rts vi ta l

, ,

o rg a ns w e re se r i o u sly i nv o lv e d a nd w e r e g ra du a lly givi ng w a

, y .

W he n the ne r v o u s i rr i ta t i on w a s re m o v e d by the o p e r a ti o ns up o n
he r m o ut h he r vi ta li ty w a s so g re a t as to p r o duc e a n imm e di a te
,

re a cti o n . S he w a s i n a sta t e o f gr e a t ne r v o u s e x ha u st i o n a nd
’
a s sl e e p i s na t u re s g re a t re st o re r O f e x ha u st e d ne r v e s i n t hi s ,
’
c a se it b e c a m e na tu re s so v ere ign r e m e dy .

P UR PURA HE M ORRHAGI C A .

B Y M ORGAN A D AM S M D ,
.S AR D I S
.
,
M ISS ,
.

I n the A u gu st numb er o f I tem s of I nter es t D r H e nry S ,

. .

Dil l de scr ib e s a c ase o f bl e e di ng o f the gum s a nd a sk s f o r

“ ”
,

i nf orm ati on fr o m t he p rof e ssi on Kno wi ng t h at pu rpu ra i s .

so m e t im es m e t wi t h i n d e nt a l p r a c t ic e wi tho u t b e i ng r e c o g niz e d
'

a s such ,
a nd b e li e vi ng t h a t hi s c a se w a s pu rpu r a I am con ,

stra i ne d t o p o i nt o u t so m e o f i ts ch a r a c te ri st ic s a nd p a tho no
g
m o nic sig ns by which the cl o se o b se r v e r m ay b e a bl e to st e er
,

cl e a r of b r e a k e rs a nd quick sa nd s f o r i n i ts w orst fo r m t he re i s
, ,

no di se ase m o r e f o rmid a bl e .

I will not e nte r full y i nto the p ath ol o gy of the di se a se of ,

which th ere ar e se v e ra l v a ri e ti e s a s the subj e ct i s t re ate d O f at

,

l e ngth i n m e dic al li te ra tu re .

P urp u r a si mp l ex i s ch a r a c t e r iz e d by re ddi sh o r pu r pli sh he m

o r rha i c p e t e chi a l sp o t s w hic h d o no t di sa pp e a r u nd e r p r e ss u r e
g .

The se S p o ts a re ch i e fly f o u nd o n the l e g s a r m s a nd br e a st a nd , ,

so m e t im e s o n vi sibl e m uc o u s s u r f a c e s Th e y a re br igh t re d
.
-

w he n t h e y fi rst a pp e a r b u t assum e a pu rpli sh hu e i n a f e w d ay s

,
.

S o m e ti m e s t he re i s no c o nst i tu t i o na l di stu r b a nc e b ut f re qu e nt ly ,

the a fle ct i o n i s a cc o mp a ni e d wi th p a l e ne ss o f the c o u nt e na nc e ,

a nd se v e r e p a i ns i n t he e x t re mi t i e s .

I n p urp u m fi em orr fmgi ca t he sp o t s a r e of diffe re nt siz e s

, ,

sc a t t e r e d o v e r t he thig hs a r m s a nd t ru nk
,
Th e y b e c o m e e cchy.

m o se d a nd in pl a c e s f o r m e x t ra va sa ti o n o f the bl oo d ; he m or
,
 O RIGINAL A RT I C LE S .

r ha
g
es f ro m a n
y p a rt O f t he muc o u s m e mb ra ne m a
y o ccu r a nd ,

e sp e c i ally f ro m the gum s wi th g re a t d e p re ssi o n a nd a nx i e ty ,

.

V a n H a rl e nge n say s I n se v e re c a se s o f pu rpu ra he m or

“

r ha ic a he m o rr h a g e s m a y o ccu r f ro m t he sto m a ch a nd i nt e st i ne s
g , ,

the bl a dd e r t he no se a nd the h e m o rrh o id a l v e i ns

, ,
G i ngiv a l .

nasa l i nte st i na l a nd u te r i ne h e m o r r h a g e s a re m o st c o mm o n
”
.
,

I n p u rp u ra scor bu ti ca the gum s a re sp o ngy a nd bl e e d f r e e ly

, ,

a nd t he b r e a t h i s f e t id wi th e x tre m e d e bili ty Q u o ti ng V a n
,
.

H a rl e nge n a ga i n I n mild c ase s o f p u rp u r a scor bu t i ca the

“
,

p e te chi a l S p o ts m ay b e the o nly p a th o g no m o ni c sig n I n .

m a ny c a se s of sc or bu tic pu rpura i n f a c t m o st of th e m the , ,

muc o u s m e mb ra ne a l so sh o w s c e r ta i n symp to m s A t fi rst the .

,

gum s S h o w a blu e v e no u s b a nd ru nni ng a l o ng t h e i r f re e e dge ,

o f a m illi m e t e r o r so i n wid th whil e t he i nt e r d e nt a l p ro c e sse s ,

l o o k a lm o st lik e cu rra nts I n se v e re fo rm s of the di se a se the .

,

e cchym o se d gum s m a y b e g re a t ly tu m e fi e d e v e n r i si ng up so a s ,

t o c o nc e a l t he te e t h a nd p r e v e nt m ast ic a ti o n b e i ng c o v e re dg v i th ,

f ungo u s g ro w ths a nd bl e e di ng f ro m t he slight e st t o uch T he

,
.

t e e t h l o o se n a nd f a ll o u t t he b re a th i s f e te d a nd i n st ro nm o u s
, ,

p ersons the sub m a xill ary lymph a ti c gl a nd s m ay b e c o m e in

,
-

fl a me d . H e m o rrh a gic e flusions ta k e pl a c e i nto the m uco u s

m e m b ra ne o f the m o u th p ar ticul a r ly a b o u t the h a r d p a l a te a nd
,

v e lum i n t he fo r m e i th e r o f p e te ch i a o r e cchym o se s Sc o rbu tic

, ,
.

p e r i to ni ti s se p a rat i o n of the e piphy se s di sl o c at i o n o f the c allu s

, ,

o f o l d f ra ctu re s a nd so m e t im e s m e nta l sy nc o p e m a sup e r v e ne

, y .

D e a th re sul ts f ro m a b re a ki ng d o w n a t a l l p o i nts .
”

Fo r the pu r p o se i n Vi e w it i s no t d e e m e d ne c e ssa ry to r e f e r,

to o th e r v a r i e t i e s o f the di se ase All the v ar i e ti e s re se mbl e . .

e a ch o t h e r t o so m e e x te nt a nd f re qu e ntly t w o o r m o re v a r i e t i e s
,

a r e bl e nd e d to g e t h e r I n a ny v a r i e ty de nta l o p e ra t i o ns sh o uld
.
,

no t b e a tte mp t e d e xc e pt th a t the ta rt a r sh o uld b e c a re fully

,

r e m o v e d f ro m t he t e e th t o p r e v e nt i rr i t a t i o n o f t he gum s T he .
.

e x t ra c ti o n o f a to o t h w o uld b e d a ng e r o u s e xc e p t p o ssibly in , , .

si mpl e pu rpu r a .

Fo rtu na tel y p m p nra scor buti ca is no t a s o f te n se e n a s it

,

f o rm e rly w a s o wi ng no d o ub t to b u r b e tte r k no wl e dg e o f
, , ,

p ro phyl a x i s .

T he fi rst a nd se c o nd v a ri e ti e s a r e f re qu e ntly m e t wi th a nd i n , ,
8 TH E AR C HIVE S or DE N T I S T RY .

so m e ca se s d e nti st is t he fi rst to re c o g niz e i t a s wh e n the

,
the ,

p e rson sufle rs no i nc onv e ni e nc e e xc e p t bl e e di ng o f the gum s

'

such c ases a re m o re l ik e ly t o fa ll i nt o t he h a nd s o f t he d e nt i st
“

t h a n the phy sici a n Und e r such ci r cum sta nce s the d e nti st
.
’

s h o uld m a k e k no w n t o the p a t i e nt his t r u e c o ndi t i o n b e gi n l o c a l ,

t re a t m e nt a t o nc e a nd r e fe r hi m t o his phy sici a n f o r co nstitu

,

t i o na l t re a t m e nt Th e re sho uld b e a p e rf e ct u nd e rsta ndi ng

.

b e t w e e n t he d e nt i st a nd p hy sici a n a nd the j o i nt t re a tm e nt go o n ,

a s o ne wi tho u t t he o t h e r will a v a il no t hi ng h
'

p a / M p a ssu ,
T e .

i ndic a ti ons to b e fill e d a re t o a rre st the he m orr h a g e s and r e m e dy ‘

the w ea k ne ss o f t he p a t i e nt T he d e nt i st w ho i s w e l l up i n
.
-

t h e ra p e u t ic s will no t fi nd g re a t difficul ty i n m e e t i ng t he fi rst

i ndic a t i o n ; the se c o nd a s b e fo re i nt im at e d sh o uld b e re l e gat e d
, ,

t o t he phy sici a n .

I h a ve no no te s at h and of t he fo ll o wi ng c ase s but will giv e ,

t h e m a s b e st I c a n f ro m m e m ory :
C ase I z H e nry L ~
o f r o bu st a pp e a ra nc e a g e d a b o u t 1 8 , ,

w a s b ro ugh t t o m e a b o u t t he y e ar 1 878 by hi s phy sici a n w ho ,

’
ha d ha d t he b oy u nd e r t re at m e nt f or so m e t im e T he b oy s .

t e e t h w e re p e rf e c t w re ck s a nd hi s gum s w e re sp o ngy a nd w o u l d
,

bl e e d f ro m the slighte st t o uch T he i nte rde nta l p ro c e sse s w ere .

e nl arg e d a nd s w o ll e nso as t o i nt e rf e re wi t h m a st ic a t i o n A s the .

te e t h w ere ne ar ly a l l b r o k e n d o w n t he phy si ci a n r e qu e ste d m e ,

t o e x t ra c t th e m which I d e cli ne d t o d o ; w e t h e n d e cid e d t o

,

de se c t t he e xc re sc e nc e f ro m the gum s a s w e did no t re c o gniz e ,

the di se ase T he o p e r a ti o n p ro d uc e d a h e m o r r h a g e which w a s

.

e xc e e di ngly h a rd t o c o ntro l a nd t he a m o u nt o f bl oo d w a s o u t
—

o f p re p o rt i o n t o t h e slig ht Op e r a t i o n Thi s a ro u se d o u r suspi .

ci o ns T he ne x t d ay w e e x a mi ne d f o r t he p a th o gno m onic signs

.
,

which w e fo u nd T he b oy g re w ra pidly w o rse ; a nd a t t im e s

.

the h e m o r rh a g e f ro m the m o u th w a s so g re a t th a t hi s lif e w a s

d e sp a i re d o f A ll the k no w n re m e di e s we re u se d i n hi s c a se
.

wi t ho u t a ny m ar k e d i mp re ssi on t il l a f te r t he l a p se o f a b o u t te n ,

m onth s a f te r w hic h t im e he b e g a n t o i mpro v e a nd fi nal l V m a d e

,

a g o o d r e c o v e ry .

C ase II M rs L —
a ge d a b o u t 3 5
. a pp a re nt ly i n g o o d ,

he a l th c onsul t e d m e f o r bl e e di ng o f t he gum s
,
Du r i ng t he .

d a y t im e S he w a s co nti nua l l y spi tti ng bl o o d which o o z e d f ro m

-

,
‘
 O RIGINAL A RT I C LE S . 9

he r gu m s a nd du ri ng the nigh t whil e a sl e e p he r m o u th w o uld

, , ,

b e fill e d wi th bl o o d S he ha d no t no t ic e d t he p e te chi a l sp o ts o n
.

he r l e g s a nd b re a st which w e re f o u nd up o n e x a mi na ti o n ; no r
w a s t h e re a ny c o nsti t u t i o na l di st u r b a nc e e x c e p t a s she e xp r e sse d ,

i t a t i re d fe e li ng
,
H e r t e e t h w e r e cl e a nse d o f tar ta r a nd l o c a l
.
,

t re a t m e nt b e gu n H e r phy sici a n w a s c o nsul t e d a nd the c a se

.
,

t re a te d j o i ntly S he w a s r e sto re d t o h e a l th i n a b o u t t w o w e ek s
. .

Ca se III G e org e M — a ge d a b o u t 2 5 a ppli e d t o h a v e ,

so m e filli ng d o ne Pa t h o g no m o nic signs of p u rp u r a hem or

.

r ha i ca w e re p r e se nt i n hi s c ase
g I i nf or m e d hi m o f hi s c o ndi
.

t i o n a nd p o stp o ne d the o p e ra t i o n
,
I cl e anse d his te eth of .

t artar b e gan l o c a l tre at m e nt a nd a dvi se d him t o c o nsul t his

, ,

phy sici a n Thi s c a se w a s a lm o st id e nt ic a l wi th c a se numb e r

.

t w o a nd the tre a t m e nt a nd r e sul ts w e re a b o ut the sa m e

,
.

M O D ELLING C O MP O S I T ION FOR TAKING

I MPRE SS ION S .

BY D R . HERM A N T E X A S
GE O . S . S T A PLE S, S ,
.

H a vi ng notic e d se v e ra l a rti cl e s re ce ntly i n re gar d to ta ki ng

imp re ssi o ns wi th m o d e lli ng c o mp o si ti o n I wi sh to giv e a f e w ,

id e a s ; my o w n e xp e ri e nc e of a bo u t e igh t y e ars wi th i t .

W e a l l k no w pl aste r to b e the f a v o r i te m a te r i a l wi th m o st
d e nti sts f or ta ki ng imp re ssi o ns ; a nd I b e li e v e the re a so n why
t h e y p re f e r pl aste r is t h a t t h e y h a v e ne v e r t h o r o ughly t r i e d
m o d e lli ng c o mp o und a nd e sp e ci a lly f o r p a rti a l pl a te s W e h e a r
,
.

m e n say t h e y c a nno t ge t p e r fe c t imp re ssi o ns f o r p a rti a l se ts wi t h

a ny thi ng but pl a st e r b e c a u se pl a stic m a te r i a l s a r e d ra w n o u t o f
,

for m by the te e th w he n r e m o vi ng t he im p re ssi o n f ro m the

'

m o u th Supp o se the imp re ssi o n is t a k e n in pl a ste r a nd by

.
,

g a th e r i ng up the pi e c e s a nd fi tti ng th e m i n pl a c e yo u ge t a
p e rfe c t imp re ssi o n o f the p a rts ; th e n supp o se y o u m a k e a ,

pl a te to p e rfe c tly fi t t h a t m o d e l ca n yo u ge t th a t pl a te in the

m u h wi h ut t rimmi ng t N o ne i th e r will it fi t b e tte r wh e n
o t t o i ?

y o u d o
g e t it i n th a n if y o u ha d t a k e n the i mp re ssi o n i n w a x a t
,

fi rst a nd sligh tly t rimm e d the m o d e l wh e re t he w a x ha d d ra g

,

e d f o r t he p o i nts t h a t d o t he d ra ggi ng will p r e v e nt a n pl a te

g , y
10 TH E AR C H I VE S OF DEN T I S T R Y .

f ro m go i ng i nto the m o u th t h a t i s m ad e f ro m a p erfe ct imp re s

,

si o n ; h e nc e I h a v e a lw a y s c o nsid e r e d the gr e a t st re ss l a id o n
,

the se cu r i ng o f a p erf e c t imp re ssi o n f or p a r ti a l se ts O f t e e t h by ,

t he a l l pl a st e r c ra nk s as o ne O f t he bigg e st pi e c e s of to m
“
,

fo ol e ry e v e r a dva nc e d by the p ro f e ssi o n ; a nd ye t I do not

r e m e mb e r o f e v er h a vi ng se e n a n ar t icl e publi sh e d d e nyi ng the ,

sup e r i or i ty o f pl a st e r o v e r e v e ry t hi ng e l se .

I will m ak e so m e b ro a d a sse rt i ons al l of which I am re ady to ,

d e f e nd wh e ne v e r c o ntra dic te d .

My fi rst a sse rt i o n i s tha t m o de lli ng c o mp o u nd i s b e tt e r t h an

pl a ste r f o r a l l ki nd s o f imp r e ssi ons b e c a u se fi rst it i s l ess dis
, ,

a g re e a bl e t o the p a t i e nt ; i n t he ne x t pl a c e f o r full se t s I ca n , ,

t a ccu r a t e a n imp r e ssi o n a s ca n b e m a d e wi t h pl aste r a

g e as ,

much sm o oth e r m o d e l tha n ca n p ossibly b e m a d e fro m pl aste r ,

i n much l e ss t im e wi t h l e ss tr o ubl e a nd f o r p a r t i a l se t s I ca n
, ,

c o nstr uct a pl a te f ro m the m o d e l ta k e n fro m t he c o mp o u nd

i mp re ssi o n t h a t will fi t a s a ccu ra te ly wh e n pl a c e d in the m o u th
, ,

a s ca n b e m a d e fro m an i mp re ssi o n ta k e n wi th a ny o th e r
m a te r i a l .

Why subj e c t y o u rse lf a nd y o u r p at i e nt to the i nc onve ni e nc e

a nd t r o ubl e o f t he pl a st e r w h e n the c o mp o u nd wi ll a nsw e r
,

e v e ry pu rp o se b e tt e r I will give my m e t ho d of u si ng it a nd ,

a sk a l l w ho h a v e no t d o ne so t o try it a s I h a ve d o ne a nd
, ,

re p or t re sul ts

Th ere a re se v e ra l gra d e s o f the c o mp ou nd ; k e e p a b o u t tw o ,

a nd by m ixi ng u se i t j u st a s st iff as ca n b e i ntro duc e d in the

m o u th wi th o ut bu r ni ng U se imp re ssi o n cup l a rg e r t h an f or
,
.

pl aste r a nd a sup e ra bu nd a nc e of t he c o mp o u nd ; p r ess i t up

,

sl o wly a nd k e e p t he lip s a nd so ft p a rt s o u t of the w ay u nt il it

, ,

i s t h oro ughly a dj u st e d a l l aro u nd ; p re vi o u s t o i nse rt i ng put a ,

H orton s rubb e r bib on ; u se ice w ater w i th the sy ri nge u nti l

’ -

p e rf e c tly h a rd b e fore r e m ovi ng I b e li e v e w e c a n se cu re a

, .

b e tte r imp r e ssi o n in t hi s w ay th a n ca n b e t a k e n wi t h a ny o th e r

m ate ri al no w i n u se .

SU B S C RI PT ION S to the A RC HIVE S m ay c o mm e nc e wi th a ny i ssu e .

Add re ss D r Willi a m Co nra d 32 1 N Gra nd Av e S t L oui s M O

.
,
. .
,
.
,
.
 O RIGINAL A RT I C LE S . 11

A REM A R KA B LE C A S E .

B Y WM P OOKE . B O TON M A
. C ,
S ,
SS .

T he p ati e nt a l a dy a b o u t fo rty fi v e y e a rs o f a ge ; wh e n se e n
,
-

the l o w e r c e ntra l l e f t l a te ra l i nci s o r s c o uld b e r e m o v e d f ro m the

m ou th Th e y w e re c o v e re d wi th ta rta r ; no p a r t o f the ro o t
.

c o uld b e se e n T he p a ti e nt w o uld put th e m to ge th e r a nd slip

.

t h e m i nto t h e i r pl a c e s wh e re t h ey re ste d up o n the gum

, .

T he r igh t l a te r al i h
c isor w a s r e ta i ne d by

the gum o nly T he

.

f o ll o wi ng a cc o u nt w a s
giv e n
S o m e si x y e a r s pre
v i o u s, o ne o f t he ce n

t ra l i nci sor s f e ll o ut ;
t he p a t i e nt pu t i t b a ck
a nd i t w e dg e d i n b e

tw ee n the a dj o i ni ng te eth a nd sta y e d v e ry w e ll I n a b o u t a y e a r .

,

the o th e r c e ntra l i nci so r f e ll o ut a nd w a s re pl a c e d a nd w o r n

wi th the fi rst o ne Du ri ng the summ e r whil e b athi ng a t t he se a
.
,

S h o re she ha d t he mi sf o r tu ne to l o se o ne O f t h e se t e e t h
,
; se a r ch
w a s m a d e f or i t a nd a t l o w t id e i t w a s f o u nd
, I n the c o u rse .

o f a f e w m o nth s the l e ft l a t e r a l f o ll o w e d the e x a mpl e o f i ts ne igh

b ors a nd th e n she ,

ha d th e se t h re e t e e th
which c o uld b e re
m o v e d a t will a nd ,

which she w e re f o r
f o u r y e ars m a ki ng i n ,

a l l six y e a r s si nc e t he
,

fi rst o ne fe ll o u t T he .

l o o se ni ng o f the r igh t
N 2 O , .
l a t e r a l c a u se d he r
so m e i nc o nv e ni e nc e so i t w a s re m o v e d a nd a n a r tifici a l a ppli a nc e
,

i nse rte d T he a cc o mp a nyi ng cu ts w e re m a d e f ro m ne g a tiv e s

.

ta k e n o f the m o d e l o f thi s c a se the te e t h wi re d i n p o si ti o n

, .

[T he subj e c t o f the a b o v e sk e tch sh o uld re ce iv e a blu e ribb o n

f o r to l e ra ti ng a nui sa nc e to g ra tify a whim , E ng] .
 THE B ENEFI C IAL RE S ULTS OF D ELAY IN D ENTAL
O PERATION S .

L S
BY . A HLEY FAUGH T D D S , . . .

W ha te v e r t hy h a nd fi nde th to do do i t wi th thy migh t i s

,
”
,

a p re c e p t of t he p re a c he r which has i n a lm o st a l l a g e s m e t wi t h

u niv e r sa l a cc e p ta t i o n I t i s a pp r e ci at e d a s a f o r c e ful t ru th
. .

I t i s h o w e v e r e sse nt i a lly a ma x im f or y o u th
, ,
E xp er i enc e will .

u nf o ld tha t th e re Oft e n are b e ne fici a l re sul ts i n d e l a y a nd wi t h ,

i ncre a si ng y e ar s the g re a t a dv a nta g e s of a p a ssiv e a ct ivi ty are

l e a rne d .

I n thi s a ge t he tre nd o f d e nt i stry i s i n t he ch a nne l of r a pid

Op e ra ti ng a nd I d e si re to u se t he p re se nt o pp or tuni ty t o c all t he
,

a tt e nt i o n of the p r o f e ssi o n t o wh a t if i t b e no t ne w i s p e r h a p s
, ,

f or t he fi rst t im e p re se nt e d c o ll e ct iv e ly to i ts no t ic e t he b e ne fi -

c i al r e sul t s o f d e l ay i n d e nt a l o p e r a t i o ns .

I t i s imp o ssibl e f or m e t o e num e ra t e i n the sh o r t p e r i o d o f

‘

t hi s p a p e r a l l the p o i nt s o f v a nta g e a s I f e e l t h e m b ut I will ,

i ndic at e a f e w i n t he h o p e t h a t t h e y m ay d ra w o ut the t h o ugh t

,

O f o the r s t o o u r mu tu a l b e ne fi t .

I t i s to b e sugge st e d t h e n i n t he fi rst pl a c e t h at d e l ay m e a ns
, ,

se c o nd t h o ugh t s a nd I a m su r e t h a t m o st o f u s a pp re ci a t e t h e i r
,

v a lu e H o w Of te n h a v e w e b e e n sa v e d fro m m o rtifi ca tion a nd

.
,

ho w o f te n h a v e p a t i e nt s r e a p e d the b e ne fi t o f m at u re d j udg
m e nt by our thi nki ng t wic e b e f o re a ct i ng o nc e ? T he t im e s are
,

i nnum e ra bl e .

I n m a ki ng e x a mi na t i o ns o f t he m o u th i t i s w e ll t o re c ord , ,

a nd su b se qu ntl y t o fill a l l fi ssu r e s i n t he e na m e l in

,
t o which a
fi ne p ro b e will p ass b ut i t i s b e tt e r p ra c t ic e i n my e sti m at i o n
, ,

no t to d o so wh e n th e y o ccu r i n the m o u ths o f qui te y o u ng

*R e a d b e f or e th e C e nt ral D e nt al A ssoc i at i on of N ew J e rse y , D ec . l 6th .

( 1 2)
 SO C IE T IE S . 13

p a ti e nts e sp e ci a lly wh e n w e h a v e the c a re of the m o u th wi th

,

the p r ivil e g e o f f re qu e nt e x a mi na ti o n T he sh o ck to t he .

u ntra i ne d ne rv e s of the child is thu s a v o id e d u nt il m o re m a tu r e

a e ; a nd the c a vi ty if e nl a rg e d i n t he m e a nt im e by d e c a y i s
g , ,

the m o re e a sily p re p a re d f o r filli ng ; a nd t he t o o th will no t

suff e r d e tr im e nt .

I a m a l so i n t he h a bi t o f u si ng c e m e nt s a nd gu tta p e rch a -

e x te nsiv e ly i n t he m o u t h a s t e mp o r ar y filli ng s f o r t he t re a t
, ,

m e nt o f se nsi tiv e d e nti ne a nd i n c a se s of ne a r a pp roa ch to t he

pulp Th e se te mp o rary filli ngs a re of te n k e p t i n pl a c e f o r y e a rs
.
,

b e c o mi ng in the na tu re o f t h e i r se r vi c e a lm o st e nt i tl e d to r a nk ,

a s p e r m a ne nt filli ng s Th e y a re h ow e v e r sub se qu e ntly d is

.
, ,

pl a c e d a nd m e tallic filli ng s i nse r te d Such p ra c tic e ha s p ro v e d .

sa f e r t h a n a ny o t h e r a nd full o f c o mf o r t a nd sa t i sf a c t i o n b o t h
, ,

t o p a t i e nts a nd t o m y se lf f o r i n e v e r y i nst a nc e t he se nsi t iv e ne ss

w a s f o u nd t o h a v e sub sid e d suffici e ntly t o p er mi t o f p a i nl e ss
Op e r a ti ng T he te nd e ncy o n the p a r t o f m a ny o p e ra to rs to
.

a v o id t hu s te mp o rizi ng a nd t o sp e e dily e x e cu te
,
p e rm a ne nt
Op e ra ti o ns in m e ta l i s to b e d e pl or e d by th e i r c onf re r e s a s it
, ,

ha s b e e n ti m e a nd a g a i n by th e i r p a t i e nt s .

I n t hu s sp e a ki ng o f t he u se o f c e m e nt filli ng s I d e si r e t o he re ,

e mph a siz e the t e a chi ng o f D r E A B o gu e a s set f orth in his

. . .
,

a dmi ra b l e p a p e r o n F illi ng M a te ri al s a nd
,
“
Th a t
o ne S h o uld no t v e ntu r e o xyph o sph a t e filli ng s i n l a rg e p ro x i
“

m a l c a vi ti e s e x te ndi ng u nd e r the gum o f te e t h th a t h a v e b e e n

fil e d b e t w e e n i n t he m o u th o f a h e a l thful p e rso n w h e re t h e re i s
, ,

a st ro ng t e nd e ncy t o a d e p o si t i o n o f t a rt a r b e c a u se in such ,

m o u th s the a lk a li ni ty w o uld so o n de st ro y t he filli ng s B u t .

o xyph osph a t e filli ng s w o uld b e i ndic a te d f o r g ri ndi ng sur

f a c e c a vi ti e s o f a n a ne mic gi rl w ho m a k e s he r fi rst vi si t to a ,

d e nti st at the age o f six t e e n o r e igh te e n wi th pulp s ne a rly ,

e xp o se d a nd e vid e nc e s o f a n a cid di a th e si s st ro ng ly m a r k e d
,
.

Tim e S h o uld b e ta k e n to th o ro ughly te st i n th e se c ase s a s in ,

m a ny o th e rs wi th li tmu s p a p e r th a t w e m ay k no w a nd ne u t ra l
,

i z e a l l a c t iv e a g e nci e s P a ti e nts to o in sp e ci al c a se s m a y be
.
, ,
’

t ra i ne d to i ts u se a nd by su p l e m c nti ng o ur c fi o r ts he lp t he
'

r e te nti o n o f t hi s i ndic a t e d cl a s o f filli ng s s .

*
C o s m o s , V ol . XXX p , . 4 79 .
14 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN T I S T RY .

Ih v e no t fo u nd i t o f a dv a nta g e to b e to o h a sty in p a i nti ng

a

t he gum s wi t h i o di ne o r simil ar p r e p ara t i o ns wh e n fi r st a pp ar

, ,

e ntly i ndic a te d e sp e ci a l ly wh e n i t i s imp o ssibl e t o a cc ura t e ly

l o c a te the se a t o f tro ubl e up o n the fi rst e x a mi na ti o n Such .

f re e u se w ill i nv a ri a bly d e stroy the phy sic a l signs in the gum

t i ssu e a nd i nt e rf e re wi th the c o mpl e t i o n o f o u r di a g no si s a t a
,

ne a r sub se qu e nt si tt i ng .

A m a xim in the m e dic a l p rofe ssi on is that the re l i e f of p a i n “

i s a lw ay s i n o r d e r
”
I fe ar j u st a li ttl e th a t it is not h eld in
.

much re v e re nc e by t he d e nta l p ro fe ssi o n T he qu e st i on of t im e .

i s to o o f te n a ll o w e d to o u t w e igh i t b u t the te a chi ng O f D r F ,

. .

Y Cl ar k e i s no t to b e ignore d wi th i mpu ni ty H e say s

. It .

i s o ft e n a v e ry p a i nful o p e r a ti o n t o p ro p e r ly pl a c e a lig at u r e
a b o u t a t e e th t h a t i s d e c a y e d f a r u nd e r the gum I t i s ne ce s .

sa ry t o f o r c e i t d o w n a nd the p a t i e nt i s m a d e v ery u nc o m f o r t a

b l e the re by .L a tely I h a v e b e en do i ng i t wi th o ut p a i n A f ew .

d rop s o f the t e n pe r c e nt so lu ti o n o f c o ca i ne a ppli e d t o the

.
,

gum b e f o r e the r ubb e r i s put o n wil l e nabl e the o p er ato r t o ,

c r o wd the lig a tu re e v e n t o the e dge of the a lv e o l ar p ro c e ss wi th

o u t givi ng p a i n I n t hi s c o nne c t i o n I d e si re t o a dd th a t t he
”
.

c o mf o rt o f the p a ti e nt will Oft e n b e m a te ri a lly a dv a nc e d if w e

will re f ra i n f rom r e p e a ti ng the use of the r ubb er da m at t oo
ne a r i nt e r v a l s i n t he sa m e p o r t i o n o f t he m o u th .

T he im m e di a te filli ng o f ro o t s i s a dv o c a te d by so m e whil e ,

o t h er s a dvi se sl o w e r w o r k I h a v e a lw ay s de e m e d it b e tter prae

.

t ic e t o w a i t a f e w d a y s a f te r rest ori ng the h e a l t h of the p arts ,

b e for e i ntr o duci ng a p e r m a ne nt filli ng T he r e sul ts t hu s .

o b t a i ne d t h r o ugh m a ny y e a r s O f p r a c t ic e f ully j u st ify my m e n ,

ti o ni ng i t i n t hi s p a p e r .

I t i s a n Ob se r v a t i o n fa mili ar t o u s al l t h a t p r e gna ncy i s a ,

p e r i o d l ik e l yt o b e f o ll o w e d by d e c a y of the te e th b ut I b e li e v e ,

th a t a se r i o u s m i sta k e i s f re qu e ntly m a d e by p a t i e nt s p re se nt i ng
t h e m se lv e s imm e di a t e ly a f ter r e c o v e r i ng fr o m child bi rt h f o r -

a n e x a mi na t i o n o f the m o u t h as the r a v a ge s di re ctly r e sul tant

, ,

no t i nf re qu e nt ly d o no t d e v e l o p u nt il a p e r i o d a li ttl e m o re
re m o v e d . N e i th e r has the p re di sp o si ng te nde ncy to de cay l ost
i ts f o r c e a t so e a rly a d a te a nd o p e r a t i o ns m a d e at su ch ti m e s
,

* C’
osm o s , V ol . XXV I I I , p . 1 06 .
 SO C IE T IE S . 15

will no t i nf re qu e ntly ne e d p a i r I f the te e t h a r e e x a m

ear ly re .

i ne d a nd fill e d a t a p e r i o d l a te e no ugh t o c a t ch the i nflu e nc e o f

t he r e ca l c if y i ng t e nd e ncy o f t he sy ste m d e nta l se r vic e will the n,

b e o f l a st i ng b e ne fi t .

I t i s h o w e v e r i n the c orre c ti on o f the i rr e gul a r i t i e s t h a t the

, ,

b e ne fici a l r e sul t s of d e l ay will p r e se nt th e m se lv e s m ore p r o mi

u e ntly Much i n t hi s di re c ti o n i s to b e a cc o mpli sh e d by g o i ng
.

sl o wly ; a nd much v e ry m uc h i s to b e l o st by u ndu e h a st e

, ,
.

Whil e i t i s h e ld by so m e th a t i t i s ne v e r to o e a rly to b e gi n the

c orre c ti o n of a d e f o rmi ty in the d e nta l a r ch I h a v e f o u nd pe r ,

so na l l y t h a t i t i s se ld o m wi se t o m a k e a ny e x t e nsiv e ch a ng e
,

b e f or e al l the te e th h av e fully e rup te d O ne of t he g re a t r e a .

so ns f or d e l a yi ng u nt il t hi s p e r i o d i s the f a c t t h a t b e f o re i t is ,

r e a ch e d w e h a v e a l a ck o f t e e t h t o whic h t o f ast e n f o r p e r m a

a ne nt supp or t a nd t h a t t he e r up t i ng f o r c e O f the i nc o mi ng o ne s

will not inf re qu ntl y m ar the w or k p re vi o u sly a cc o mpli sh e d I t .

i s p e rh a p s i n the m a tte r o f e x tra c t i on t o g a i n sp a c e th a t h a ste ,

sh o uld b e m o st a v o id e d M a ny c a se s se e mi ngly imp o ssibl e to

.

c orre c t wi th o u t the re m ov a l of o ne o r m or e t e e th h a v e i n the ,

e xp e r i e nc e o f the e ssa yi st simplifi e d as t im e e l a p se d

, a nd p e r

f e e t arra nge m e nt b e e n a tta i ne d wi th o u t re m o v a l I h a v e m o r e .

,

Ove r fo u nd i t a n e xc e l l e nt pl a n t o no t d e si re to a cc o mpli sh cor

,

re c t i o n t o o ra pidly b u t t o p a t i e nt ly a bid e ; h o ldi ng my a spi r a

,

t i o ns i n ch e ck a nd givi ng o nly f r o m t im e to t im e a ssi sta nc e t o

, , ,
’
na tu re s o w n e ff ort s t o o b ta i n f o r h e rse lf a na tu ra l a llig nm e nt .

Much has thu s be e n d o ne wi th o u t sh o ck t o the ne r v o u s sy ste m

O f my y o u ng a nd su s c e p t ibl e p a ti e nts .

I no w d e si re to sp e a k of the a dmi ra bl e re sul ts th a t c a n o fte n

be Ob ta i ne d a nd i n no o th e r w ay re a ch e d by t he p a ti e nt a nd
, ,

sl o w c o nstr uc t i o n o f a r t ifici a l d e nt u re s which a r e to b e r e ta i ne d

by C l asp s E v e ry e ff ort to c o nstruc t a nd pl a c e in the m o u th a

.
,

d e ntu re m a d e up o n the m o d e l a l o ne will re sul t i n f a ilu re , .

E a ch p a rt sh o uld b e c o nstruct e d a nd a d a p te d to the m o u th se p

a r a te l a nd t h e n o ne by o ne a dd e d to e a ch o th e r m a i nta i ni ng
y , ,

p e rfe c t a d a p ti o n th ro ugh o u t no t ta ki ng a no th e r stop u ntil o ne

,

i s a ccu ra te ly c o mpl e te d I a m a w a re th a t much o f the o p e ra t

.

ing tim e will thu s b e a b so rb e d by such c ase s b u t a nic e ly ti t

t i ng a nd se r vic e a bl e d e ntu re will b e the re sul t a nd o ne th a t ,

the p a t i e nt ca n u se wi th c o mf o rt .
16 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN T I S TRY .

I n m a ny c ases wh e re t he c o nstruc ti o n o f a n a rtifici al v e lum

i s r e qui re d the high e st r e sul ts can b e Ob ta i ne d wi th t he l e a st fr i c
,

t i o n by a ccu st o mi ng the p a t i e nt fi r st to w e a r i ng a pl a te wi th o u t
,

t he v e lum a tta chm e nt a nd t h e n sub se qu e ntly re pl a ci ng i t wi th

,

o ne e nc r o a c hi ng a li ttl e m o re u p o n the so f t p a l a t e Thu s gra d .

u a l l y a s ne c e ssa ry l e a di ng t o t he fi na l d e nt u r e wi t h t he v e lum
, ,

a tt a ch m e nt . I h a ve se en c a se s of fa ilu r e a cc omp ani e d by t he ,

a b so lu t e re fu sa l o f t he p a t i e nts t o submi t to a ny fu r th er se r vic e

i n th e i r b e ha lf which w e r e the r e sul t o f e flo r ts o n the p a r t of

'

skill e d o p e r at o r s t o pl a c e i n the m o u t h s o f ner v o u s a nd su sc e p

t ibl e child re n the wh o l e a pp a ra tu s a t o ne c o nstr uc t i o n .

W e a l l k no w th a t th e re are d ay s which co m e t o u s wh e n ,

a lm o st e v e ry thi ng se e m s t o
g o w r o ng I w o uld i ndic a te th e m as .

d ay s up o n w hich it w o uld b e b e tte r t o ca nce l o ur e nga ge m e nts ,

a nd giv e o u r o v e r str u ng ne r v e s a p e r i o d o f r e cup e ra t i o n .

Th e re i s b u t o ne o th e r i nsta nc e o f the b e ne fici a l r esul ts o f

d e l a y i n d e ntal o p e rat i o ns t o w hich I d e si r e to r e f e r b e f o re
cl o si ng W e al l k no w f ro m e xp e r i e nc e t h a t a r tifici a l w ork
.

which i s p a id f or giv e s m o re sat i sfa c t i o n t o the p ati e nt a nd l e ss

,

t ro ubl e t o the d e nt i st a nd t h a t the r e fore i t i s w e ll to g e t , ,

r e mu ne r a t i o n i n a dv a nc e or a t the e a rli e st p o ssibl e m o m e nt

,
.

Th e r e is a re v erse which is g oo d p ra ctic e T he f oll o wi ng re ci ta l .

will illustra te i t A l a dy so m e wh a t a dv anc e d in y e a rs a ppli e d

f or a d e nt u re diffi cu l t m o u th tr o ubl e a nt icip a te d a nd e st im a te
— —

m a de a cc ordi ngly Pat i e nt t hi nk s the f e e t oo high b ut i s

.
,

a ssu r e d t h a t i t i s not a nd t h a t no ch a r g e will b e m a d e u nt il

,

c o mpl e t e sati sf a c t i on i s giv e n I s i nfo rm e d tha t d e nti st i s

.
,

fi na nci a lly c o mforta bly si t u a te d and in no hu r ry to o b t a i n he r

, ,

m o ne y t h a t he a pp re ci ate s t h at a p oo r pl a te i s w o rth no t hi ng
—
,

a nd t h a t a g o o d pl a t e i s c he a p a t t he m e nt i o ne d f e e a nd o nly ,

d e si r e s to b e re mu ne rate d wh e n she f e e l s sat i sfi e d t h a t the w o rth

o f he r m o ne y has b ee n r e c e iv e d T he d e nt u re i s c o mpl e te d a nd
.

pl a c e d i n the m o u th Pa ti e nt sta te s t ha t i t f e e l s c o mfo r ta bl e

.
,

a nd e xp r e sse s a d e si re t o k no w if i t wil l se r v e i n e a t i ng An .

a nsw e r i n the a ffi r m a t iv e i s giv e n Pa ti e nt i s pl e a se d t o h ear .

the sta te m e nt b u t w o uld lik e t o b e su r e

, a nd has b r o ugh t a ,

cra ck er a l ong wi t h which to te st i t D e nti st i nform s her th at the .

c ra ck e r c anno t b e u se d a nd t h at she will not b e a ll o w e d to e at

,
 SO C IE T IE S . 17

wi th the te e th a t a l l f o r a w e e k Th a t di so b e di e nc e o f thi s .

o rd e r will a b so lv e hi m o f fu rth e r re sp o nsibili ty T he t i ssu e s a r e .

thu s giv e n t im e t o a da p t th e m se lv e s t o t he pl a te ; t o m a k e
f or i t a nic e re c e p tiv e b e d a nd t he p a ti e nt i n the m e a nt im e ha s
b e c o m e a ccu sto m e d to the te e th a nd l e a rne d t o m a na ge th e m ;
a nd wh e n e a t i ng i s a tte mp te d much sa t i sf a c t i o n will b e ha d by
‘
re a so n O f the d e l a y T he li ttl e f a ul ts o f ar ti cu l a ti o n h a v e a l so
.

b e e n c o rre c te d a s th e y p re se nt e d th e m se lv e s f rom da y to day

,

a nd the p a t i e nt ha s b e c o m e qui te t i r e d o f c o m pl a i ni ng i n f a c t , ,

c a n r e a lly fi nd no thi ng a b o u t which t o c o mpl a i n I nqui ry is no w .

m a d e if t h e re i s a ny thi ng d e nt i st can c o rre ct or do to m ak e the ,

re sul t m ore p e rfe c t T he p a ti e nt a dmi ts th a t t h e re i s no thi ng

. .

T he bill i s p re se nte d wi t h the e xcu se o f no t p ayi ng i t b e c a u se the

,

pl a te d o e s no t fi t t h oro ughly e limi na te d I f the f e e ha s no t

,
.

b e e n se t in a dva nc e Opp or tu ni ty e xi sts to fix the ch arg e i n pro

,

p o rti o n t o the a nnoy a nc e a nd troubl e t h a t ha s b e e n i ncu rr e d .

I f the bill ha d b e e n r e nd e re d imm e di a te ly up on fi rst pl a ci ng

t he pl a t e i n t he m o u th a l l thi s e x t ra se rvi c e m u st ne e d s h a v e
,

b e e n giv e n g ra ti s .

D E V ELO PM EN T OF THE TEET H .

*

BY FRANK P ERRI N ,
B O T ON M A A HU E TT
S ,
SS C S S .

I n t re a ti ng ubj e ct thi s e v e ni ng w e pu rp o se to giv e a ge n

ou r s ,

e ra l re vi e w o f t he p ro c e sse s c a ll e d t o o th d e v e l o pm e nt : r e a l iz

i ng t h a t much m u st re m a i n u nsa id the limi ts o f o u r p a p e r no t ,

a ll o wi ng a n e xh a u stiv e a cc o u nt o f the m a ny b r a nch e s o f the su b

j e ct .

T o re vi e w b ri e fly the e arly sta g es o f e m b ry o nic l ife .

M a mm a li a n e ggs c o m e f ro m two o v a ri e s which p ro duc e o v a

a l te rna t e ly .

T he p o i nts i n the o v a ri e s a t whi ch the o v a is p ro duc e d a re the

G ra fli a n f o llicl e s T he y o u ng fo llicl e s a re f ro m o ne t e nth to o ne
.

a nd o ne h a lf millim e t e rs i n l e ng th
-

I n t he f e m a l e i nf a nt th e re
.

a r c a b o u t se v e nty t h o u sa nd G ra fii a n f o llicl e s a nd m o re a r e d e v e l ,

*
R e ad b e f o re t h e H ar v ard O d o nto l og i cal c
S o i e ty , O c t Bl st , 1 889 . .
18 TH E AR C HIVE S or DEN T I S T RY .

o p e d du ri ng the life o f t he i ndividu a l T he d e v e l o pm e nt o f .

th e se f o llicl e s i s muc h the sa m e a s tha t o f the e na m e l o rg a n

o f t he te e th by a n i nv olu t i o n o f the su rf a c e e pi th e lium f o rmi ng
,

a bulb o u s c o r d T he c o r d b e c o m e s o bli t e ra te d a nd the f o llicl e

.
,

su rr o u nd e d by c o nne c t iv e t i ssu e c e ll s si nk s i nt o the d e e p e r p o r

,

t i o ns o f t he o v a ry A s d e v e l opm e nt p ro gr e sse s the f o llicl e

.
,

a pp r o a c he s t he su r f a ce o f the o v a r y a nd r up t u r e s f o rmi ng the ,

o v a ; t hi s i s t a k e n up by the F a ll o pi a n tub e a nd whil e p a ssi ng ,

t o t he u te ru s imp re g na t i o n u su a l l y t a k e s pl a c e
,
.

T he p r o c e ss O f se gm e nta t i o n so o n f o ll o w s a nd the imp r e g ,

h a te d e c o nsi st s o f my r i a d s o f c e ll s t h e se a r r a ng e t h e m se lv e s
gg
i n the f or m o f a d o ubl e m e mb r a ne a nd t he e gg i s no w te r m e d
,

the bl a st o d e r m T he e x t e r na l m e mb r a ne i s t e r m e d the ep i bl a st
.

a nd i s c o mp o se d O f the l a r g er c e ll s w h il e the i nne r l a y er co m

, ,

p o se d o f the sm a ll e r c e ll s i s c a ll e d the l ayp obl a st A m iddl e

,
.

l ay e r o f c e l l s i s so o n f orm e d m ostly fr o m the c e ll s of the

,

e pibl a st a nd i s c a ll e d the 772880 6Z d 8 2f

,
.

F ro m the se thre e l ay ers a l l the ti ssu e s of the futu re a nim a l

,

a r e f o r m e d by c e llul a r a c t ivi ty whi ch i s g o v e rne d by th e lif e

, ,

p r i ncipl e i nhe re nt i n the i ndividu al c e ll s

,
.

I n the high er v e r te b ra t e s the fo ll o wi ng str uc tu r e s a r e a lw ay s

d e r iv e d f ro m the e pibl a st T he e pid er mi s wi th its a pp e nd a ge s ;
the h a i r a nd na il s ; the e pi th e lium O f the m o u t h a nd no se ; the
ne r v e c e ll s o f the b r a i n spi na l c or d a nd g a ngli a t h e i r b ra nch e s
, , ,

a nd a xi s cyli nd e r s o f a l l ne r v e fib re s the r e t i na a nd l e ns o f t he
e e a n d e pi th e lium o f the c o nj u nc t iv a
y ,
.

F rom the hyp o bl ast are d e riv e d the c e ll s li ni ng the a lim e ntary
c a na l (e xc e p t the bucca l c a vi ty a nd nare s); the se cre ti ng c e ll s of
the dig e stiv e gl a nd s a nd t h e i r duc t s the e pi th e lium o f the lu ng s
a nd a i r p assa g e s .

Fro m the m e sobl ast d e v e l o p al l the ti ssu e s of the sk e l e to n

b ony c a rtil agi no u s and c o nne ct iv e t i ssu e s the h e art ; bl o o d v es
, ,

se l s ; the lymph a t ic s ; mu scl e s ; t he re p ro duc t iv e gl and s a nd the ,

kid ne y s .

W e t hu s se e t h at the d e nt a l ti ssu e s (wh e n fina lly d e v e l o p e d

b e i ng in v e ry cl ose re l a ti o n) a re d e r ive d fro m difle re nt e mbry
'

ona l str uc t u re s the e na m e l f ro m the e pibl ast a nd the d e nti ne ,

a nd c e m e nt fro m the m e so bl ast .

 SO C IE T IE S . 19

A t the t im e to o t h d e v e l o pm e nt b e gi ns ( which i n t he hum a n

foetu s is a b o u t the f o u rth w e e k ) t he muc o u s m e mb ra ne o f the
,

m o u t h c o nsi sts o f b ut o ne o r t w o l ay e rs of o v a l c e ll s a t hick

e h i ng o f t he muc o u s m e m b ar ne t a k e s pl a c e a t a b o u t t hi s t im e ,

whic h a t fi rst i s g e ne ra l bu t a s t he p ro c e ss c o nt i nu e s b e c o m e s
, ,

c e nte re d al o ng the li ne to b e o ccupi e d by the fu tu re a r ch of

te e th . I n so m e e mb ry o s t hi s i s m a r k e d by a w e ll d e fi ne d r idg e ,

the d e nta l r idg e o r a s the G e r m a n w r i te r s te r m i t the ki e f e r

, , ,

w a l l o r m a xill a ry ra mp a rt
-

,
.

W hil e c e ll mul tiplic at i o n in the sup e rfici a l l ay e r i s f o r mi ng

the r idg e the sa m e p r o c e ss i n t he d e e p e r o r i nf a nt l a y e r d e v e l
, , ,

o p e s t he d e nta l g r oo v e d e scr ib e d by difle i e ii t w r i te r s u nd er '

v a ri o u s na m e s c a r til a g e d e ntal i s
,
”
b o u r re l e t
-
o d o nto g e ni c
, ,
” “

p a rt a nd e pi th e li a l b and
,
” “
.
”

T he l a tt e r t e r m se e m s the m ost fi tti ng Thi s i s a c o nt i nu o u s .

.

d e p re ssi o n a l o ng the li ne t o b e o ccupi e d by the te e th a nd i s

, ,

e v e n fo u nd i n the j a w s o f r umi na nt s a t t he p o i nts w he r e t e e t h

a r e a b se nt .

Proj e c ti ng fro m thi s b a nd w e fi nd a n O fli sho o t c a ll e d t he l a mi na ,

d e v e l o pi ng m ore ra pidly th a n the b a nd u nt il the l atte r u su a lly ,

di sapp e a rs o r i s b ut sligh tly m a r k e d C e ll m ul tipl ea tio n ta k e s

,
.

pl a c e a t the d e e p e st p a rt o f the l a mi na w hich b e c o m e s i ncli ne d ,

t o w ar d the c e nte r a nd o ccupi e s a p o si ti o n b e tw e e n M e ck e l s ’

c a rtil a g e a nd the o u te r sid e of t he j a w .

As d e v e l o pm e nt i n the l a mi na p ro g re sse s it p re se nts a c o r d .

lik e a pp e a ra nc e a nd a li ttl e l a te r i ts d e e p e r p o rti o n e xp and s

, ,

f o rmi ng a bu lb o u s o r p e a r sh a p e d e x tre mi ty ; its p e riph e ra l por

t i o n is f o r m e d by t he c o lu m
,

na r c e ll s o f the st ra t um m a lpig hi -

a nd i ts i nne r p o r ti o n i s c o mp o se d o f t he p o lyh e d ra l c e ll s o f t he

sup e rfici al l ay e r .

T he ne x t ch a ng e o b se r v e d i s a fl a tte ni ng o f the bulb a t it s ,

d e e p e st p o i nt c a u se d by c o nt a c t wi th a ne w e l e m e nt the de n
, ,

t ina l p a pill a Thi s i s d e v e l o p e d f ro m the su b e pi th e li a l c o nne c

.
-

tiv e t i ssu e O f the j a w a nd i s the f o rm a tiv e o rg a n o f the d e nti ne

,

a nd to o t h pulp i ts g ro w th is to w a rd the o ra l c a vi ty wh il e th a t ,

o f t he c o rd ha s b e e n i n t he Opp o si te di re c t i o n A s the p ap ill a .

i nc re a se s in S iz e a d e p re ssi o n i n the bulb ta k e s pl a c e which

,

e x a c tly c o rr e sp o nd s to t he sh a p e a nd siz e o f the p a pill a a s th i s

20 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DE N T I S T RY .

p ro c e ss of i nv a gi nati o n c o nti nu es t he f or m o f the e na m a l o rga n

,

ch a ng e s f ro m bulb o u s t o a d o ubl e sa c T he a p e x O f t he bulb i s .

f or c e d i nto the i nte r i o r f or mi ng a d o ubl e c o v e ri ng to the de n

,

t inal bulb .T he l ay er of c e ll s ne x t t he bulb i s c all e d the i nt e r na l

e pi t he lium or i nne r t u nic a nd t he o u te r l a y e r i s k no w n a s t he
, ,

e x t e r na l e pi th e lium o r o u t er t u nic
,
A t a b o u t the fif te e nt h
.

w e e k of the hum a n e mb ry o the c e ll s l y i ng b e t w ee n th ese tu nic s

,

u nd e rg o a c ha ng e f ro m t h e i r o rigi na l p o lyh e d ra l sha p e assumi ng ,

a st e ll a t e f o rm a nd a re t he c o mp o ne nt p a r t s o f t he ste ll a t e re t i
,

c ul u m . Thi s c ha ng e b e gi ns a t the c e ntra l p o r ti o n g radu a lly ,

e x t e ndi ng t o w a r d t he p e riph e r y T he se c e ll s c onta i n a sm a ll

.

a m o u nt of c ar b o na t e o f lim e su rr o u nd e d by a lbumi no u s m a tte r .

Whil e the d e nt i na l p a pill a i s b e i ng f or m e d the d e nta l sa c o r , ,

f ollicul ar w a ll i s d e v e l o p e d ; a nd f ro m the sa m e e l e m e nt s the

c o nne ct iv e t i ssu e c e ll s b e i ng c o nd e nse d f o rm a m e mb ra ne
, , ,

e v e ntu a lly b e c o mi ng t he r oo t p e r i o st e um .

I ts gr o w t h i s f r o m t he b a se o f the d e nt i na l p a pill a upw a r d ,

u nt il i t su rro u nd s and e nv e l o p e s b o th d e nti na l bulb a nd e na m e l

o r g a n wh e n the c o r d i s r up tu r e d a nd t he d e nta l f o llicl e i s c o m
,

l e te l y f o r m e d i t s t hr e e e l e m e nts b e i ng t he e na m e l o rg a n t he
p , ,

d e nti nal p apill a a nd the d e nta l sa c o r f o llicul a r w a ll

,
.

Thi s f ar w e ha v e d e sc r ib e d the f or m ativ e o rga ns o f the t e e th ,

fro m which the t oo th i tse lf is d e v e l o p e d ; f o r the a cc ompli sh ~

m e nt o f t hi s the c o mp one nt c e ll s of the for m a t iv e o rg a ns mu st

,

first u nd e rg o a ch a ng e fi tti ng the m f or th e i r sp e ci a l O fli ce .

T he o d o nt o bl a sts o r f o r m a t iv e c e ll s of t he d e nt i ne a re diffe r
, ,

e nti a t e d f ro m the c o nne c t i v e t i ssu e c e ll s o f t he d e nt i na l p a pill a ,

o n t he s u rf a c e o f t h a t o rg a n ; t h e y a re fi r st d e v e l o p e d a t i t s

a p e x a nd a re c o lum nar i n f o r m : b e f o r e t he i r m a tu r i ty a l o ng t he

sid e o f t he p a pill a t he y a re o v al or sph e r o i da l i n o u tli ne ; t h e se

, ,

a r e u su a lly c o nne c t e d wi t h t he t i ssu e o f the p a pill a by a sl e nd e r

p ro c e ss w hil e o n t he S id e o f the fo rmi ng d e nti ne t h e y h a v e o ne

, ,

or m o r e p r o c e sse s c a ll e d d e nt i na l fib r il s
,
which p e ne tra te t he
,

fo r mi ng d e nt i ne a nd sup e r i nte nd i ts a rrangme nt i nto tubul e s ,

the Ce nt re o f which th ey o ccupy a s the o r g a ni c p a rt o f t he d e n

t i ne
.

T he d e v e l o pm e nt of d e nt i ne a lw ay s pr e ce e ds th a t of e na m e l
lim e sa l ts a re d e p o si te d a ro u nd the fib r il s the o d o nto bl a sts ,
 SO C IE T IE S . 21

re t re a t i ng a nd the fi bril s l e ng th e ni ng a s the d e nti ne f orm s th u s

, ,

d e c re asi ng t he siz e o f the pulp .

T he e nti re f o rm a t i o n o f d e nt i ne i s a cc o mpli sh e d by a si ng l e
l ay e r of c e ll s which i n the c o rona l p o r t i on a re a rra ng e d in a
,

p e rpe ndi cul a r p osi ti o n whil e a t the ne ck o f the t oo t h th e y are

h o riz o nt a l a t the r o o t o f the to o th th ey b e co m e so m e wh a t
,

i nv e rte d the d e nt i ne r e a ch e s i ts r e qui re d thi ck ne ss fi rst i n t he

c ro w n
T he a m e l o bl a sts o r e na m
.

, e l f o r mi ng c e ll s a r e d e v e l o p e d f ro m
,

the c e ll s o f the i nne r tu ni c o f the e na m e l o r g a n .

Thi s p ro c e ss o f diff e re nt i a ti o n b e ins j u st o v e r the a p e x o f the

o

d e nti na l p a pill a tra ci ng a l o ng i ts S i d e the c e ll s m a y b e se e n in

t h e i r se v e r a l sta g e s o f d e v e l o pm e nt T he o u t e r t u ni c a nd the
.

ste ll a t e re t iculum di sa pp e ar a b o u t the t im e o f t he d e v e l o pm e nt

o f t he a m e l o bl ast s which i s the fif t h m o nth O f the h um a n f oet u s

,

t he sm a ll qu a nt itity o f the sa l t s o f c a lci u m st o re d i n t he m e sh es

o f the st e ll a t e r e ticulum supply t he a m e l o bl a st s wi t h m a t e r i a l
,

f o r t he fi rst l ay e r o f e na m e l ; a f te r t he di sa pp e a ra nc e O f the
‘

o u te r t u nic a nd st e ll a t e r e ti culum t h e y a r e suppli e d f ro m the

c a pill a ry v e sse l s which fu rni sh lim e sa l ts f o r t he c o mpl e ti o n o f

,

the e na m e l . A S t he p r o c e ss c o nt i nu e s a nd the ci rcumf e r e nc e

,

O f t he t e e th i nc re a se th e re w o uld b e sp a c e s l e f t b e t w e e n the
,

a m e l o bl a sts w e r e i t no t f o r t he a ddi ti o na l a m e l o bl a st s ( “ fi e r
,

e nt ia te d f ro m t he c e ll s o f the stra tum i nt e r m e dium which l ie ,

i n di re c t c o nne c t i o n wi th t he a m e l o bl a sts ; th e se ne w c e ll s f o r m
t he sh o r t p r i sm s f o u nd i n se c ti o ns o f m a tu r e e na m e l .

Re gardi ng the m anner of t he d e p o si ti ng o f lim e sa l ts th e re is ,

a wid e diff e re nc e of o pi ni o n T he a m e l o bl a sts th e m se lv e s

.
,

e i the r b e c o m e di re c tly c a l ci fi e d o r a re t he a c t iv e a g e nts i n the

,

p ro c e ss the l im e sa l ts p a ssi ng th ro ugh th e m f ro m t he c a pill a ri e s

,

t o the f o rmi ng e na m e l ca p t he c e ll s re c e di ng a s t he e na m e l i s
,

f o rm e d .

F ro m my limi te d Ob se rva ti o n a nd study I w o uld no t p re sum e ,

a n o pi ni o n o f a n a u th o r i ta t iv e na tu re bu t i n my mi nd the w e igh t
,

o f a rgum e nt i s i n f a v o r o f t he l a tt e r I t i s tru e wh e n e xa m i n
.
,

ing m a tu re e na m e l o ne migh t c o nclud e t he f o rm a t iv e c e ll s w e re

,

fill e d wi th lim e sa l ts the c e ll w a ll re m a i ni ng a s the i nte rpr is

,

m a ti c c e m e nt b ut i n my o pi ni o n th e re w o uld b e a much l a rg e r
22 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN T I S T RY .

a m ou nt o f o rga nic m at e ri a l i n e na m e l if such w e re the c a se

i n r e a li ty o nly o ne t hi r d o f o ne pe r c e nt i s f o u nd
-

Judgi ng al so . .

f ro m o the r c a lcifi e d p ro duc ts o f the a nim a l sy ste m w e c o nclud e ,

t he c e ll s a re no t c a lcifi e d a s i n the c a se of d e nt i ne a nd b o ne the

,

o d o nt o bl ast s a nd o st e o bl asts m e r e ly sup e r i nt e nd the p ro c e ss o f

c a lcific at i o n T he p ro c e ss of d e v e l o pm e nt o f c e m e nt i s S imil ar
.

to su b p e ri o ste a l b one f o r m a ti o n the p e r ic e m e ntu m i ts f o rm a

-

, ,

t i v e o rg a n b e i ng a na l o g o u s a nd c o nti nu o u s wi th t he p e r i o ste um
,
.

T he f o llicul ar w a ll b e c o m e s the p e r i c e m e nt um .

S oo n a f te r t he o u ter p orti o n o f d e nti ne i s d e v e l o p e d a si ngl e

.
,

l a y er o f c e m e nt fo r mi ng c e ll s i s arra nge d o n i ts p er iph e ry t h e se

-

b e i ng e nc ase d i n sphe r ul e s o f lim e by d e p osi t i o ns o n t he i r su r

f a c e the p ro c e ss c o nti nui ng u ntil t he c e ll s a re much re duc e d i n
,

siz e the p o i nt s o f c o nta c t wi t h ne ighb o r i ng c e ll s b e i ng d r a w n

,

o u t i nt o fib r il s a nd a re r e a lly t he b o ne c a na liculi the sp a c e —

o ccupi e d by the c e ll i s t he l a cu nae .

H a v e rsi an ca nal s a re o cca si ona lly fo u nd in c e m e nt .

Succe ssiv e l ay e r s o f c e ll s ar e fo rm e d e a ch in tu rn u nd e rg o ,

i ng t he sa m e p r o c e ss u nt il t he c e m e nt i s t hick e ne d to i ts typ a l
p o i nt ( thi s p ro c e ss o f c onti nui ng b e y o nd typ al limi tat i o n r e sul ts
i n m alf o r m at i o n o f the r o o t) .

D i
z scuss o n a nd i l l ustra ti ons w il l a
pp ea r i n next i ssue .

INTERNATION AL D ENTAL C ONGRE SS .

REVIE W E MM A EA M E HA E
BY D R . S C S .

PARI F RAN E S p t mb S, C ,
e e e r, 1 889 .

( M P ul Dub i
r . di t ) f O c t
a o s, e or or o be r co n

t a i ns an i nte re st i ng a cc o u nt o f the o p e ni ng of the D e ntal C o n

g re ss h e ld i n Pa r i s i n S e p te mb e r W e giv e the g re a te r p art
, , .

o f the Op e ni ng a dd r e ss by D r D a vid w ho w a s P re sid e nt o f the

.
,

C o mmi tte e o n O rga niz a ti o n .

A fte r e x tendi ng a g ra c e ful w e lco m e to a ll w ho ha d c o m e to

t a k e p a rt i n the c o ng r e ss he sp o k e o f the a pp r o p r i a t e ne ss o f
,

h a vi ng such a m e e ti ng at thi s tim e wh e n so m a ny strange rs a re

a tt r a c t e d t o P a r i s by the Ex p o si ti o n B ut the re w as a l so .

a no the r m o t iv e i n t hi s r e u ni o n H e sa y s I ha v e sp o k e n O f
.

the ar t a nd o f t he sci e nc e o f d e nti stry T he sci e nc e o f d e nt i stry ! .

 SO C IE T IE S . 23

“ Tha t an imp ro p e r e xp i
ill sa y m a ny p hy sici ans : si nc e
re ss o n st

w he n ha s the a r t o f d e nti stry b e c o m e a sci e nc e ? Wh e the r w e

d e si re o r wh e th e r w e o pp ose i t the S p e ci a li t i e s ar e c re a te d a nd
, ,

e st a bli sh e d i n re sp o nse t o a r e a l ne e d ; t he divi si o n O f l a b o r i s

i mp o se d a s a ne c e ssi ty ; w e c a nno t e s c a p e the e c o no mic l a w s .

A s o u r fi e ld b e c o m e s m o r e e x te nd e d a nd the cul t iv a ti o n O f i t
'

b e c o m e s m ore difficul t w e ne e d sp e ci a l w o rkm e n O d o nto l ogy

,
.
,

wi th o u t d o ub t m ay to d a y b e c o nsid e re d a s a sci e nc e a s a
, ,

b ranch o f m e dici ne ; and i ts d o m a i n i s suffici e ntly e x te nd e d to

o ccupy a l l o u r i nte llig e nc e a l l o u r a c t ivi ty ,
I t d e m a nd s f ro m .
,

t he fi rst a t h oro ugh k no wl e dg e o f g e ne r a l m e di ci ne a nd f ro m

, , ,

a sp e ci a l p o i nt o f Vi e w
. i t s p ra c t ic e a nd i nstr uc ti o n ne c e ssi ta t e
,

t he u ni o n o f m a ny i ndividu a li t i e s Th e re is o ne d a rk sp o t wh ich
.

I wil l v e ntu re to p o i nt o ut a s i t re sts wi th us to cl e a r it up, ,

11 gie ne
f
W e mu st m a k e g re a t e ffo rts t o m a k e hum ani ty
.

a cc e p t t he b e ne fi ts which o d o nto l o gy c a n r e nd er i t by a hygi e ne

w e ll c o nc e iv e d a pp ro p ri a t e to the v a ri o u s state s of t he i ndivid

,

u al f ro m hi s e nt r a nc e i n sch oo l t ill hi s a d u l t y e ar s A ll o f y o u .

w ho a re p ra ct io ne rs i n the hum a n m o u t h se e ho w m a ny di se a se s ,

ho w m a ny d e f o rm i t i es m a y b e a v o id e d I c a ll t he a tte nti o n of .

t he public a u th o r i ti e s t o t hi s study i n p assi ng .

A b o ve al l it i s e x a c tly at o ur e p o ch th at the sci e nc e p e ne

“
,

t a te s o ur d o m a i n m o r e a nd m o r e a s I wil l sh o w y o u p re se ntly ; ,

a nd thi s i s why i t se e m s g o o d t o u s to m a rk thi s p e r i o d by t he

m ee ti ng o f a c o ngre ss .

Y o u k no w t he hi story o f the ar t o f d e nti stry Wi th o u t wi sh

“
.

i ng t o m a k e h e re a ny cl a im which will o flb nd a ny o ne w e m ay ,

w e ll say th a t it w a s b o rn i n F ra nc e wi th Fa uch a rd a nd th a t his ,

illu str i o u s f o ll o we rs B o u rd e t Bu non Duv a l D e l a b a rre S e rre

, , , , , ,

Mi e l did no t a ll o w i ts gl o ry t o f a d e B ut if the fi rst d e nti sts o f

, .

the 1 8t h c e nt u ry r a i se d t h e i r a r t S O high i t i s b e c a u se th e y in ,

so m e so r t r e fl e c te d t he g re a t su rg e o ns O f t h e i r t im e w ho ha d ,

t h e m se lv e s c o nse c ra te d p a rt o f th e i r studi e s to t he d e v e l o pm e nt
a nd t he di se a se s o f t he t e e th R e a d the w o rk s o f Di o ni s o f
.
,

M e ry o f J e a n L o ui s P e tt i t a nd o the r s m o st o f t he m m e mb e rs
,
-

, , ,

o f the A c a d e my o f Sci e nc e w ho d id no t i sd a i n t o w r i te o ne o r
d
m o re ch a p te rs o n the di se a se s o f t he te e th a nd the o p e ra ti o ns b y
which t hey w e re r e m e di e d .
24 TH E A R CH IVE S OF DEN T I S T RY .

T he sa m e ha s h a pp e ne d ino th e r c o u ntri es which du ri ng the , ,

fi rst p art o f the c e ntu ry a nd l a te r a s w e ll h a v e a cqui re d t he

, ,

sup re m a cy o v e r u s i n t he a rt o f d e nt i st r y T he w o rk s of o u r .

d e nti sts of the 1 8th c e ntu ry h a v e b e e n t ra nsl ate d in ne arly

a l l l a ngu a g e s ; i n E ngli sh i n G e r m a n i n Du t ch ; the y h a v e
, ,

t h e r e ta ug ht t he f o r e ig ne r the ar t o f d e nt i stry a cc o r di ng to t he
Fre nch i de a ; b ut th e n the gre at su rge o ns lik e B e ll H unter in , ,

E ngl and ga v e th e i r a tte nti o n to the qu e sti o n h a v e studi e d it

, ,

l o ng a nd t h e i r w r i t i ng s b e i ng sp re a d a b r oa d in A m e r ica h a v e
,

b e e n the o rigi n of th a t p ro gre ss i n the art o f de nti stry which has

f or a l o ng t im e giv e n a g re a t re pu t at i o n a nd j u stly t o the E ng , ,

li sh and A m e r ic a n d enti sts Du ri ng the l ast d o z e n y e ar s a sim

.

il a r r e a c t i o n ha s ta k e n pl a c e i n o u r f a v or T hi s r e viv a l i n F ra nc e .

ha s ha d t w o c a u se s which no o ne I a m su re will c o nte st : T he

, , ,

w o rk s o f M M agito t a nd hi s p u pil s a nd the c re a ti o n o f t wo

.
,

d e nta l schoo l s i n Pa ri s I t i s th ank s t o th e se c a u se s th a t the

.
, ,

d e nta l a rt has m a d e ne w p r og re ss i n F ra nc e a nd th a t i t t e nd s to ,

b e c o m e a sci e nc e .

“
I n sp e a ki ng o f the w ork s o f M M a gi to t I do no t f or ge t , ge n .
,

t l e m e n t h o se w hich a re e ste e m e d a m o ng f o r e ig ne r s wh e th e r
, ,

b e f ore o r af te r hi s I do no t f o rge t his co l a b o re r s R obi n

.
-

, ,

L e gro s e tc ; I wi sh simply to sta te h e r e the i nflu enc e of t h e se

,
.

w ork s o n the r e viv a l of t he a r t of d e nti stry i n Fra nc e and i t s ,

tr a nsf or m a t i o n i nt o a sci e nc e I n o the r c o u ntr i e s t he m o v e

.

m e nt i s d e cid e d i n the sa m e di re c ti o n a nd I re nd e r h o m a g e to ,

the w o r k s o f C o lm a n T o m e s K o l l ik e r H a r m o w e r U nd e r w o o d
, , , , ,

Mill e r e tc , .

“
Y o u c o uld no t b e tte r a sc e r ta i n o u r p r o g re ss a s a n a rt a nd ge t
a b e tt e r id e a o f i t th a n by e x a mi ni ng the w o r k o f the d e nt i st s
,

o f t he cl a ss 1 4 a nd i n g o i ng to vi si t o ur d e nta l sch o o l s
,
.

“
A s a sc i e nc e o d o nto l o gy ha s no t m a d e i t mu st b e re m e m
, ,

b e re d a ny ra pid p ro g re ss f o r a l o ng tim e T he sc ho l a rs w ho
, .

h a v e g iv e n th e i r a rte nt io n to the te e th Cuvi e r S a i nt —

,

H il a i re de Bl a i nvill e B ro c a h a ve limi te d th e i r studi e s to the i r

, ,
—

e v o lu t i o n a nd th e i r a no m a li e s I t i s o nly du ri ng the p a st d o z e n
.

y e a rs th a t t h ank s to the p ro gre ss o f m ic ro bi o l ogy d e nta l

,
-

p a th ol ogy ha s i ssue d f ro m the ch a o s w he re i t sl e p t ; a nd ye t the

fi r st mic ro b e s w hich w e r e re c o gniz e d b e l o nge d to the m o u th .
 SO C IE T IE S . 25

I t w a s i n e x a mi ni ng the liva wi th the mic ro sc op e th a t L o e w e n

sa

h o ck in 1 683 di sc o v e re d som e a nim alcul e s a nd b odi e s o f which

, ,

the d esc r ip t i o n c o rre sp o nd s e x a c tly to the l e p to th r ix bucc a li s ,

a nd i t i s o nly in t h e se l a te r t i m e s a f t e r t w o c e nt u r i e s o f ne gl e c t
, ,

tha t w e h a v e u nd e r ta k e n thi s study se r i o u sly a g a i n .

W e ne e d not b e su rp r i se d t h e n to fi nd S O li ttl e a dv a nce i n the

qu e sti ons which a r i se i n d e nta l p a th o l o gy b ut so m e h a v e
p ro fi tt e d by t he st udi e s whi ch h a v e b e e n m a d e o f t he c o mm o n

mic ro b e s a s w e ll a s o f t h e i r r o l e i n the v a r i o u s di se ase s a nd w e ,

h o p e th a t t he p ro g re ss will b e ra pid W e h a v e di sc o v e re d .

a l re a dy th e i r ro l e i n c a r i e s i h t h a t a fle cti on S O w e ll k no w n
—

cli nica lly so Ob scu re i n i ts p ath o l ogy which w e h a v e c a ll e d f o r

, , ,

w a nt o f so m e thi ng b e tte r ‘
Fa uch ar d s Di se a se i h va r i o u s
,
’ —

a b sc e sse s which o ccu r a b o u t the

j a w a nd ne ck e tc A
,
g re a t .

numb e r o f st ud e nts a re a t the w o rk i n o t h e r c o u ntri e s a s w e ll a s

i n F ra nc e a nd i n l o o ki ng o v e r the r ich bi o g ra phi c i nd e x whi ch
, ,

i s f o u nd a t the h e a d o f the re c e nt tre a ti se by Mill e r o n t he

mi c ro b e s of the m onth w e t hi nk t h a t thi s study i s a dv a nci ng a t
,

a n e qu a l p a c e w i th t he o t h e r s a nd th a t the so lu t i o n will no t h a v e
,

to b e w a i te d f o r l o ng .

T he se c o nd f a c tor t o wh ich I a tt r ibut e t he re viv a l of t he d e n

t al a rt i n F ra nc e i s t he c re a t i o n o f the t w o sp e ci a l sch oo l s T he
,
.

se r vi c e whi ch t h e y e a ch r e nd e r i s i nc o nt e sta bl e Th e y a re c o m
.

p o se d of tr u e d e nti sts a nd w e h o p e th a t the ti m e o f the fi r st

,

d e nti st i mp r o vi se d by f a v o r of hi s f or c e p s m ay ne v e r r e tu rn .

U nt il t he g o v er nm e nt i s w illi ng t o re gul a te the st udy o f the ar t

o f d e nt i st ry a nd i ts p ro f e ss i o na l e x e r ci se w e ho p e th a t a l l pe r
,

so ns p r a c t ici ng t hi s a r t i h F ra nc e will b e a bl e t o ta k e the th re e

y e a rs o f study in o ne of th e se sch o o l s a nd to i nspi re o n his cli

e nt s a m e r it e d c o nfid e nc e .

Th e se t w o sch o o l s h a v e l o ng b e e n riv a l s a nd p e rh a p s re m a i n
so no w I c anno t fore se e the fu tu re no r re v e a l it to yo u Y e t
,
.

t h e y w e re o ne d ay u ni te d m o v e d by a p a tr i o t ic se nt im e nt wh i ch
,

d o e s th e m g re a t h onor the day wh e n i t w a s p r e p o se d to o rg a n

—

i z e thi s c o ng re ss a nd to S h o w to o u r c o nf re re s f ro m th e c o u ntry
a nd a b ro a d th a t P a r i s ha s a t h e a r t the d e si re t o r a i se o u r
, p ro
f e ssi o n a s high a s p ossibl e I wi sh t o e xp re ss publicl y my re c
.

o ni tio n o f t he f a c t
g . I f it w e re p e rmi tt m e to e xp re ss a wi sh
26 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN T I S T RY .

he re , i t w o uld b e to se e thi s r iva l ry c e ase d e fi ni te ly and th at ,

the y migh t j o i n i n a m a rr i a g e no t o f i ncli na t i o n b u t o f r e a so n

, ,
.

E ve ryw here u ni on i s stre ng th the art of d e nti stry c annot e sc a p e

thi s l a w a nd I do no t d o ub t b u t t h a t i ts p ro g re ss will b e m o re
,

ra pid f r o m t he d a
y o u r t w o sch o o l s j o i n t o w or k i n c o mm o n .

“
I t i s wi th t hi s spi r i t of u ni o n o f c o nc o r d t h a t w e ha v e a dmi t
, ,

t e d wi tho u t di sti nc ti o n a l l the p ra c t i ti o ne rs t h o se w ho a re phy ,

si ci a ns d o c to r s o r simpl e m e ch a nic a l w o r km e n We h a v e wi sh e d
, .
,

t h a t t hi s c o ng re ss migh t b e o ne o f d e nt i st s i ndic a t i ng o ur tra i t O f ,

u ni o n the sp e ci a liz a t i on o f o u r p ra c t ic e
, O u r e nt i ty d o e s no t .

d ate fro m y e ste rd ay I s it not c o nse cra te d by the w ri ti ng s by

.
,
‘
t he t i tl es ( e xp e r t d e nt i sts of o u r p re d e c e sso r s H unte r re c
o niz e s i t v e ry cl e a r ly I n hi s t re a t i se o n the t e e t h he m e nti ons
g .
,

the di se a se s which are b ro ugh t t o the phy sici a n t o t he su rg e o n ; ,

‘ ’
B ut t h e se say s he ,
‘
w hich a re p a r ticul a r ly o f the t e e th a nd
,

th e i r imm e di a t e d e p e nd a nc e s a re the bu si ne ss o f the d e nt i st ’

,
.

“
We a l l h a v e h e r e b u t the one tho ugh t to c o mbi ne a l l our
f or c e s t o t he a dv a nc e m e nt a nd to the e l e v a t i o n of d e nta l su rge ry .

“
I h op e th at the strangers w ho h a ve d one u s the hOnor to
Vi si t u s m ay ta k e a w a y wi th t h e m an imp re ssi o n O f the state of
, ,

the a r t o f d e nt i stry t h a t will no t b e v e ry u nf a v ora bl e W e h a ve .

wi sh e d a b o v e al l g e ntl e m e n t o sh o w y o u a p ro f e ssi ona l b o dy

, ,

w o r thy to r e c e iv e yo u By a gr e a t f a v o r t hi s b o dy no t r egu
.
, ,

l ate d by l a w sc a r c e ly to l e ra te d r e c e iv e d to d ay i ts fi rst Offici a l

, ,

r e c o g ni t i o n W e t h a nk t he Mi ni ste r o f C o mm e r c e a nd I ndu s
.

t ry m o st h e a r ty t h a t w e h a v e t he h a ppi ne ss to se e him r e pre

se nt e d by the e mi ne nt m a st er M Gari el ,
. .

“
Wi tho u t d o ub t y o u will fi nd h e r e a s e l se wh e re m any sh o r t
, , ,

c o mi ngs b ut th e re a re m any o th ers in the li te rat u re o f the tw o

,

c o nti ne nts a nd i t i s the bu si ness of the c ongre ss to fi nd t h e m

,

a nd t o e nd e a v or t o r e m e dy t h e m I t i s t hi s y o u will do i n t he
.

m e e ti ng s which y o u go to j o i n I i nvi te y ou t h e n g e ntl e m e n.

, ,

a f te r
yo u h a v e o p e ne d the m e e t i ng t o re p ort y o u r se lv e s to y o ur
v a r i o u s se c ti o ns and t o c onclude the w o r k s of e a ch o f th e m by
the c o mp o si t i o n o f bu re a u s My du ty e nd s wi t h t hi s m e e t i ng
. .

Permi t m e fi rst t o re nd e r a j u st tr ibu te of re g re t f o r the tw o

c o ll a b ora te u rs wh o m w e h a v e l o st si nc e the c onsti tu t i on of o ur
c o mmi tte e I r e f e r to M e ssr s B ra sse u r a nd A ndrie u w hose
. .
,

pl a c e s still re m a i n v a c a nt .
 SO C I E T IE S . 27

“
Ih p e th a t the c o ng re ss o f d e nti sts the w o r k f o r which
o ,

o u r z e a l o u s S e c re ta ry g e ne ra l M P o urc he t ha s pu rsu e d wi th
-

, ,
.

i nd e f a tiga bl e d e v o ti o n m ay no t b e l e ss i nte re sti ng th a n th o se

,

which h a v e h e ld the i r m e e ti ngs a t P a r i s thi s y e a r Thi s will b e .

a ne w succ e ss to a dd t o t h a t o f o u r Ex p o si t i o n which will no t

o nly b e a n h o no r t o R e public a n F ra nc e b ut which a sid e f ro m , ,

th a t will giv e a ne w impul se t o t he civiliz a t i o n o f t he e nti re

,

w o rld .

“
I h a v e re m a i ne d to fill to the e nd the ta sk which I a ssum e d , ,

b u t I mu st d e cli ne a l l c a ndid a tu r e i n the c o nsti t u t i o n o f the

bu r e a u s w hich y o u a re a b o u t to na m e .

Y o u will b e a bl e to v o te o n a li st whi ch the c o mm itte e pre

se nt s y o u a nd w hich will a ssu r e t he g o o d di r e c t i o n o f
, your
m e e ti ng s .
”

M G ar i e l p ro fe sso r o f the f a cul ty of m e dici ne t he ho nary

.
, ,

p re sid e nt th e n a dd re sse d t he m e e ti ng e xpl a i ni ng tha t the M i n

, ,

i ste r o f C o mm e r c e G e ne ra l C o m mi ssi o ne r o f t he E xp o si t i o n
.
,

b e i ng u na bl e to a ssi st a t t he Op e ni ng m e e ti ng o f t he I nte r na
ti o na l D e nta l C o ng re ss ha d a pp o i nte d him a s hi s re p r e se nt a t iv e
,

t o p re sid e a t t hi s m e e t i ng Af te r e x te ndi ng to al l i n a tte nd a nce

.

a c o r di a l w e lc o m e M G a ri e l ga v e a br i e f hi story of the D e nta l

, .

C o ng re ss f ro m i ts i nc e p ti o n to t he o p e ni ng m e e t i ng H e th e n .

d e cl a re d the c o ng re ss o p e ne d .

T he a dd re ss O f D r G a ill a rd p re sid e nt o f the c o ng re ss w a s

.
, ,

no t l e ss h a ppy a nd th a t o f M Fo u r ch e t the d e v o te d S e c re ta ry
,
.
,

ge ne ra l O f the O rga niz a t i o n C o m mi tte e i s full of i nte re sti ng ,

d e ta il s of the w o rk o f p re p ara ti o n f o r the c o ng re ss .

T he d e l e g a te s f ro m a b ro a d w e re t h e n i nvi te d t o t a k e the se a ts
r e se rv e d f o r t he m e a ch i n tu r n a ddd r e ssi n th e m e e t i ng
, g .

T he l e tte r f ro m S i r J T o m e s th a t g re a t o l d m a n which
.
,
“
,
”

w a s re a d by M r Cu nni ngh a m S e c re ta ry o f the B ri ti sh d e l e ga

,

t i o n w as g re e te d wi th g re a t a ppl a u se
, .

D r B o gu e o f N e w Y o rk i n pl ac e o f D r T a f t w ho w a s u na bl e
.
, ,
.

to a tte nd t he m e e t i ng re p re se nte d the U ni te d S ta te s

,
.

M H e id e d e l e ga te f ro m N o r w a y S p o k e m o st e nthu si a stic
.
, ,

a lly o f t he a d v a nc e m a d e i n F ra nc e i n d e nti stry .

T he f o ll o wi ng ge ntl e m e n e a ch p re se nte d the g re e ti ng s o f the

d e nti sts o f his c o u nt ry wi th b e st wi sh e s f o r the succ e ss o f the
,

c o ng re ss
28 TH E AR C HIVE S or DEN T I S T RY .

M . Bu e no s Ay re s A rg e nti ne R e public
E t che pa rre b o rda , ,
.

D r R ich te r B re sl a u G erm a ny
.
, ,
.

D r A r mi n R othm a n Bud a P e sth

.
, ,
.

D r R e d ar d G inev a Swi tz e rl a nd
.
, ,
.

D r P oe ppe B ru sse l s B e lgium

.
, ,
.

M R a mm R u ssi a
.
,
.

M T ra ll e ro B ar c e l o na Sp a i n
.
, ,
.

M B e nsow Sw e d en
.
,
.

D r A m oe d o H a v a na
.
,
.

T he w o rk w a s divid e d i nto f o u r se cti ons a s f o llo w s

l st . Ana tomy Phy si o l o gy No rm a l a nd Path ol ogi cal
, ,
.

2d . O p e ra t ive D ent i stry ( Sp e ci a l T he ra pe utis a nd M at e ri a

M e dica ) .

3d P ro st h e t ic a nd O rth o p e dic D e nti stry

. .

4 th E thi c s and I nstruct i o n

. .

Cli nic s w e re h e ld e a ch m orni ng a t the D ent a l C o ll e g e of

Pa r i s 5 7 ru e R o ch e ch o u a rt wh e re de m o nstrat i ons w e r e giv e n
, ,

by the m o st e mi ne nt o p e ra tors a m ong t h e m B onwill o f Phil a , ,

d e lp hi a ; Bl e i schte i ne r o f V i e nna T e l sch o w of B e rli n ; Cha u , ,

v i n o f P ar i s
, T he cli ni cs by M Mich ae l s w e re o f g r e a t i nt e re st
. . .

T he c ong re ss c o ncl u d e s th a t one num era ti on sh o uld b e p er

m i tte d i n d e sc r ibi ng a l l the d e nt a l sy ste m t hu s f a cili t at i ng t he ,

cl assifica ti on o f d e nta l a ffe c t i o ns .

D r A lic e S olli e r giv e s a n e xc e l l e nt re sum e o f the p ro c e e di ng s

.

’
o f t he c o ng re ss i n t he P r o r es D enta z r e f or S e p t e mb er
g .

T he m e mb e r s w e r e e nte r ta i ne d a t e a ch of the d e nta l c o ll e g e s

i n P a r i s a nd a l so by P r o f e sso r M ich a e l s whil e the b a nqu e t a t , ,

whi ch one hu nd re d a nd se v e nty m e mb e rs w ere p re se nt w as a ,

b rilli a nt affa i r .

OD ON TOLOGI CAL S O CIETY OF C HI C AGO .

A t th nnu l m t i ng f the O d nt l gic l S ci ty

a a ee o e o o o a o e of

C hic g h ld N v mb
a 1 9th th
o, f ll w i ng fli
e w o e er ,
e o o o ce r s ere

l c t d f th n ui ng y
e e e P id nt D P J K t
or e e s e ar : re s e ,
r . . . e s er ;
V ic P id nt F nk H G di n ; S c t y nd T
e -
re s e u , ra . ar er e r e ar a re a s re r,

E N y ; Cu t G tt N wki k ; M mb f B d
. o es ra o r , a rre e r e er o oa r of

C n
e G H Cu hi ng
so r s, E N OYE S t y
eo . . s . . S, ecr e a r .
 SO C IE T IE S . 29

OHIO STA TE D ENTAL S O C IE T Y

RE P OR T E D E P E IALLY AR HI VE S C FO R TH E C S .

D K E MPT ON CI IN A T I O HI O
R .
,
N C N , .

ONE W AY OF N REA ING D EN T I T U EFULNE

’
I C S S S S SS .

As w e dv a nc e t h e re b e c o m e m any m o re te di o u s Op e ra ti o ns
a

f or u s to p e r f o r m T he w o r k r e qui re s m o re ne r v o u s stra i n a nd
.
,

u nl e ss w e ta k e re c re a ti on a nd e x e r ci se in t he p ro p e r m a nne r w e ,

c a nno t succ e ssfully p e rfo rm th e se o p e rati o ns Fo r thi s pu rp ose .

,

a b o v e a l l o th e r f o r m s o f e x e r ci se he re c o mm e nd e d the bicycl e a s ,

o ne which by na t u r e o f the full ne ss o f t he e x e r ci se a nd o p e n a i r ,

w o uld p ro duc e the b e st e ffe c t A ccid e nts a re a l w ay s the re su l t .

o f c a re l e ssne ss T he mi nd mu st b e o n t he bicycl e a nd no t i n
.

t he d e nt al o ffic e or the r id e r wil l b e o ff t he bicycl e

,
I n th a t .

w a y the mi nd i s f or c e d t o re st .

D R J R CALLAHAN sa id th a t bicycl e r idi ng w a s the b e st

. . .

ge ne ral e x e r ci se a nd su gg e ste d the sa fe ty b icycl e

,
.

D R J TAF T sa id w e w e re i ncli ne d to l o o k lightly u p o n t he

. .

subj e c t b u t it i s v e ry imp o r t a nt
,
Fo rm e rly the bicycl e w a s a .

’
child s toy b ut i t ha s b e c o m e a v a lu a bl e m e a ns o f e x e r ci se a nd
,

i s c o mi ng i nt o g e ne ra l u se .

D R M AY sugg e ste d w a lki ng a s a ge ne nal e x e r ci se b e c a u se i t

.
,

c o uld b e i ndulg e d in by the o l d a nd y o u ng a t a ny tim e i n a ny , ,

w e a th e r and w as a lw ay s o n ta p ” “
.

Pa sse d .

H A S M I T H CIN
D R . . .
,
C INNA T I , OIIIo .

“
LEGAL LIA B ILI T Y OF OR P ORA T ION C FOR IN J URIE S S T HE R E S UL T
OF NEGLIGEN C E .
”

We d e nti sts are o f te n c a ll e d up o n to te stify a s e xp e rts in

as , ,

c ase s O f i nj u r i e s to the m o u th a nd te e th a nd th e re f o re sh o uld b e ,

a cqu a i nt e d b o th wi t h t he l o c a l m a nif e sta ti o n i tse lf a nd a l so wi th

it a s a l o c a l e xp re ssi o n o f so m e sy ste mic di so rd e r H e re l a te s .

the c a se o f a w o m a n w ho ha d b e e n se nt to hi m t o c o nsul t f o r a n
i nj u ry suppo se d to h a v e b e e n r e c e iv e d up o n the te e th by a f a ll
*
C o nt i nue d f ro m p ag e 578 .
30 THE AR C HIVE S OF DEN T I S T RY .

f ro m a stre e t ca r S he c o mpl a i ne d of a gre at a m o u nt o f p a i n

.

a b o u t t he t e e th a nd j a w s U p on e x a mi na ti on b e sid e s a n a b sc e sse d
.
,

m o l ar t he t e e th w e re ba dly d e c ay e d a nd th a t to o o f the bl a ck
, , ,

v a ri e ty sh o wi ng its sl o w p rog re ss T he t e e th the m se lv e s e v i

.
.

de ntl y w e re no t i nj u re d by t he f a l l b ut t he qu e st i o n a r o se if the
l o c a l t ro ubl e might not b e i ndic a t iv e of c oncu ssi o n of the spi na l
c o rd Sh a r p e y say s the p e riphe ra l ner v e s a nd mu scl e s Oft e n
.

i ndic a te c oncu ssi o n o f the spi na l c ord S o f ro m thi s i t i s e v i .

,

d e nt th at a s e xp e rt s w e mu st b e a bl e to j udg e b o th of a ny l o c a l
tro ubl e i t se lf o r if th a t i s a n i ndic a t i o n o f so m e sy st e mic or
,

r e m o t e di so r d er .

D I S C U S S ION .

DR H M K E MPT ON sa id he fa il e d to se e the c onne cti on

. . .

b e t w e e n the t e e th a nd the S pi na l c ord a nd ho w t h e y c o uld b e ,

f a c to rs i n the di a g nosi s o f sy ste m ic di sor d e r .

D R C H H ARROUN r e l a te d a c a se o f a te e th the c a u se of
. . .

u t e ri ne tro ubl e ; a l so o ne o f the c a u se o f c onvul si ons .

P a sse d .

W D R . . H IV . YOUNG T O W N O HIO
H I T S L AR S ,
.

C HE M I C AL D E OMP O I T ION OF T HE D EN T AL P UL P
“
C S .

’
D r W hitsl ar s p a p e r fi rst tre a ts of the d ifii cul ti e s a tte ndi ng a
.

st udy o f t hi s ki nd T he pulp i s e ncl o se d i n u nyi e ldi ng w a ll s t o

.

wh ich i t i s v e ry cl o se ly atta che d by the d e nt i na l fib r il s whi ch

p e r m e a t e it a nd wh e n the p u lp i s r e m o v e d fib r il s y e t re m a i n
, ,
.

H e qu o te d a f o r m e r a na ly si s which ha d b e e n m a d e a nd which
de a l t m o r e p artic u l ar ly wi th the a sh o f the pulp F o ll o wi ng .

t hi s b e divid e d the study a cc o r di ng to the hi sto l o gic a l str u c t u r e

o f the difi e re nt t i ssu e s m a ki ng up the pulp a nd by g r o upi ng to
'

g e th e r the f or m e r a na ly si s of these str uc tu re s as f ou nd e l se wh er e , ,

he a rr iv e s ne ar e r a t a c o nclu si o n a s t o t he ch e mic a l c o mp osi ti on of

‘

the pulp th a n ha s y e t b e e n a tt a i ne d T he o d o nt o bl a st ic l ay er .

w a s e sp e ci a lly r ich i n lim e sa l t .

U S S ION DI SC .

D R H A S M I T H a sk e d if the j uv e nil e pulp c onta i ns m or e lim e

. . .

sa l ts t h a n t he a dul t .
 SO C I E T IE S . 31

D R . VV H I T S L AR re pli e d t h a t it d o e s c o nta i n m o re lim e sa l ts .

D R . H A SMITH. .
— .

I s t he no r m a l pulp e sp e ci a lly se nsi tiv e ?

D R . VV H I T S L AR —
I t is .

D R . H A SM ITH
. . z— Som e say t h a t t he h e a l thy pulp is no t
v e ry se ns i t iv e .

A PP LIAN C E S .

D R . A RNOL D
h o w e d a na pki n a nd pi e c e of r ubb e r d a m o f t he
s

sa m e siz e t o b e u se d t o g e t he r T he na pki n by its ro ugh su rf a c e .

i s e asily r e ta i ne d i n pl a c e whil e t he r ubb e r p r e v e nt s the m o i st u r e

,

f ro m g e tti ng th ro ugh .

D R C H H ARROUN e xhibi te d a m a tr ix o f D r B a r ne s which

. . . .
,

co nsi ste d o f a pi e c e o f m e tal p e rfo ra te d a t e i t h e r e nd t h r o ugh

which lig a tu re s w e re p a sse d a nd the m a tr ix he ld in pl a c e by
tyi ng a ro u nd the to o th .

D R J TAF T e xhibi te d t he g old c ro w ns a nd pli e r s t o b e u se d

. .
,

in sh a pi ng the m o f D r G e o E v a ns o f N e w Y o r k
,
. H e a l so . .

d e scr ibe d D r E v a ns m e tho d o f stifle ning th e m by m o i st e ni ng

’
.

the c ro w n i nsid e wi th a b o r a x so lu t i o n dippi ng i n g o ld so ld e r ,

fili ng s a nd h o ldi ng o v e r a fl a m e u ntil the fili ng s a re m e l te d th e n ,

th e y fle w o v e r the e nt i re i nne r su rfa c e Thi s p ro c e ss m ay b e .

r e p e a te d u nt il t he p r o p e r thi ck ne ss a nd stiff ne ss i s o b ta i ne d .

A cl amp a nd se p arator c o mbi ne d the i nv e nti o nof D r Wi nd e r , .

,

w a s sh o w n Thi s c o nsi sts O f t w o j a w s which a re f or c e d to g e th e r

.

by m e ans o f a sc re w I nsid e of th e se j a w s m ay b e u se d w e dg e s
.
,

if the te e th are t o b e se p a ra te d o r c o nc a v e pi e c e s o f m e ta l to ,

fi t the ne ck of the t o o th if t he to o th i s to b e cl a mp e d H e a l so .

e xhibi t e d a v a r ni sh f o r mul a t e d by D r R o se nth a l o f Ci nci nna t i .

,

f or c a ppi ng e xp ose d pulp s o v e r t hi s m a y b e u se d o xyph o sph a te

c e m e nt the n the filli ng p ro p e r
,
.

D R L E CUS T E R sh o we d a b ottl e o f F il tri no wh ich w a s

. . .
,

h a nd e d him by D r W H S il l i to w ho sa y s i t w ill no t gum wh e n

. . .
,

u se d as a n o il up o n the h a nd pi e c e s o r e ngi ne D r Cu ste r th e n -

. .

e xhibi te d a m o dific a t i o n o f the R o se nth a l G o ld C ro w n R e m o v e r .

I t c o nsi ste d o f sim il ar i nst r um e nts b u t wi th a m o v a bl e j a w , ,

wh e re by c row ns which e x te nd f a rth e r up o n the r o o t o n o ne sid e

th a n t he o th e r m ay b e g rasp e d e qu a lly wi th b o th j a w s a nd t he
,

i nstrum e nt k e pt i n the li ne o f the a xi s o f the te e th A se c o nd .

32 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN T I S T RY .

ch a nge c onsi ste d c w f or d ra wi ng t he j a w s to ge th er

in a s re

so a s to fi t a ny siz e c r o w n ; a nd a t hi r d ch a ng e w as t h a t o f a

c o nc a vi ty i n the e nd of the scre w w hich w o uld a ll o w it to

r e v o lv e up o n a sh or t pi e c e o f st e e l wi re which re st s up o n the e nd

o f t he t e e t h a nd p roj e c t s th ro ugh t he h o l e i n t he ca p Thi s .

a ll o w s t he i nstr um e nt to b e o u t o f li ne o f the t o o th if ne c e ssa ry , ,

a nd d o e s a w a y wi th t he scre w e nd r e v o lvi ng up o n t he e nd o f the

-

t e e th o r p e r ch a nc e up o n t he sid e o f a cu sp
, ,
H e sh o w e d a re g .

u l a ti ng a ppli a nc e f or d ra wi ng b a ck or r o ta t i ng the a nte r i or te e t h .

I t c o nsi ste d of a vulc a ni te pl a te w i th a N O 1 0 pi a no wi re f o r .

-

e a c h t e e th to b e r e gul a te d o ne e nd o f w hich i s a tta ch e d t o the ,

pl a te j u st a nte r i o r to the a ir ch a mb er if any T he wi r e i s -

,
.

t h e n c o r rug a t e d a nd a s i t p asse s f or w a r d i t r u ns th r o ugh a h o l e

, ,

i n a r idg e a t t he e dg e o f t he pl a te wh e re by the wi r e i s h e ld in
pl a c e and a t t he sa m e ti m e a ll o w e d to m o v e b a ck a nd f orth
,
.

T he wi re p a sse s b e tw e e n the te e t h a nd t e rmi na t e s i n a si ngl e

b o o k o r a T if t w o te e th a re t o b e r ot a te d
, ,
T he pl a te b e a r s ,

up o n t he di a go na lly Opp o si te p orti o n o f the t o o th T he fe a t .

u re s of the a ppli anc e a re th a t i t i s e a sily cl e a ne d a nd r epl a c e d

by the p a t i e nt him se lf a nd th e re i s no thi ng to ge t o ut of
'

o rde r T he p re ssu r e i s c o nt i nu e d a nd i n a b o u t t he p ro p e r
.

str e ng t h t o p ro duc e p hy si o l o gic a l r e so r p t i o n o f t he a lv e o l a r

p ro c e ss T he spr i ng s a r e e l a st ic by vi rtu e o f the c orrug a ti o ns

.
,

a nd which a r e pi nch e d t o g e th e r wi t h t he pli e r s a s t he t oo t h

ch ange s i ts p osi ti o n H e a l so sh o we d a thi r d a ppli a nc e w hich

.

w a s a fl a ttened pi a no wi re b r e ac h I t i s se ld o m th a t pulp c a na l s
-

a re p e rf e c tly r o u nd ; thi s i s e sp e ci a lly tr u e of t he bicu spid s ,

a nte r i o r l o w e r m o l ar a nte r i o r upp e r bucc a l ,

m o l a r and l o we r
i nci sor r o o ts By u si ng a fl att e ne d b roa ch w e c o mbi ne stre ng th
.

i n the r ig ht di re c ti o n a nd a t the sa m e t im e a ll o w the fl e xibili ty

,

i n the r igh t di r e c ti o n Fl atte ne d ro ots a s a r ul e ar e b e nt b a ck

.

w a rd ne ve r sid e w ay s
,
.

OFFI C ER S .

foll o wi ng y e a r w e re e l e c te d as f oll o w s : P re si
O fii ce rs f o r t he
d e nt W H S e dgwick G ra nvill e ; l st V ic e Pre sid e nt M arth a
, . .
,
-

J Ro bi nso n Cl e v e l a nd ; 2d V ic e Pre sid e nt E G B e tty l in

.
,
-

,
. .
,

c inna ti ; S e c re t ary J R C a lli ha n Ci nci nna ti ; T r e a su re r C T

,
. .
, , . .

K e el ey H a mil to n
, .
 SO C IE T IE S .

FIR ST D I ST RI CT D EN TAL S O CIETY OF NE W YORK .

T h F i t Di t ic t D nt l S ci ety f N w Y k h ld
e rs s r n e a o o e or e o e of

i ts m o st l a rg e ly a tte nd e d m e e ti ngs Tu e sd ay e v e ni ng D e c e m , ,

b e r 1 0th I ts a mpl e p a rl o r s o v e r flo w e d i nto the a dj o i ni ng r o o m

. .

I f th e re e v e r w a s a righ t m a n i n the r igh t pl a ce D r W W ,

. . .

W a lk e r a s C ha i rm a n o f the Ex e cu t iv e C o mmi tte e i s t h a t m an

, ,
.

D R L D SHE P AR D o f B o st o n r e a d a p a p e r th a t will a tt ra c t
. . .
, ,

m ark e d a tte nti o n a nd str ik e s a no te t h a t will b e e ch o e d by the

,

p ro f e ssi o n a t l a rg e .

H is subj e c t T he D e nta l Dipl o m a the D e nt a l C o ll e g e a nd

,
“
, ,

D e nta l L e gi sl a t i o n a nE x a mi ne r s E xp e r i e nc e s a nd Sugge sti o ns

’

B a se d Th e re o n .
”

H e sa id so m e t hi nk t h a t wh e n the S ta t e giv e s a n i nst i tu

t i o n a ch ar te r t o c o nf e r a dipl o m a no o t h e r o r f a r th e r qu a l i fi ca ,

t i on sh o uld b e r e qui r e d H e did no t b e li e v e thi s. N o pow e r of .

the S ta t e i s sup r e m e t o i ndividu a l r ight s T he d e nt a l c oll e g e i s .

f o rm e d f o r the pu r p o se o f qu a lifyi ng m e n to b e d enti sts B u t .

,

d o e s i t do i t ? A n e x a mi ni ng b oa rd c o mp o se d o f the b e st m e n ,

a nd t he b e st qu a lifi e d f o r the pl a c e sh o uld sa if a g ra du a te i s

y ,

a qu a lifi e d p e rso n t o p r a c t ic e up o n t he c o mmu ni ty H e sa id .

the a d v a nc e t o a t h re e y e a r t e rm w a s g o o d ; b u t w o uld b e b e t
-

t e r if i t ha d b e e n t w o y e a rs o f ni ne m o nth s e a ch O u t o f se v .

e nty th re e
-

e x a mi ne d l a st y e a r ni ne f a il e d som e o f th e m
, ,
—

g ra du ate s T he b o a r d sh o uld h a v e nothi ng t o d o o r c o n

.
,

ne ctio n wi th a ny c o ll e g e a nd t h e y S h o uld sta nd b e t w e e n ,

t he c o ll e g e a nd t he p e o pl e a nd a ll o w no o ne to p ra c t ic e u nl e ss
,

fully qu a lifi e d T he w o r k o f the c o ll e ge ne e d s to b e imp ro v e d

. .

’
T he c o ll e g e ha s t a k e n the m a n s m o ne y a nd sh o uld b e re q ui re d1 ,

to fu rni sh hi m fully e quipp e d f o r his w o r k ; a nd if th e re i s a

p o w e r b e hi nd the c o ll e g e a nd o ne t h at ha s a u th o ri ty th e re will
, ,
.

b e g re a te r ci r cu m sp e c t i o n o f tho se wh o m t h ey e nd o rse wi th :

t h e i r p a rchm e nt I n so m e c oll e g e s t he p r o f e sso r giv e s o ne

.

ki nd o f i nstr uc ti o ns a nd t he de m o nst ra to r a no th e r ; th i s w a s .

s tro ngly c o nd e m ne d a s w a s a l so t he p ra c tic e o f pl a ci ng a

,

y o u ng g ra du a te a s cli nic a l i nst ruc to r o f te nt im e s b e c a u se i t w a s ,

.

ch e a pe r to d o so H e d e c l a re d th a t m a ny o f t he i nfi rm a r ie s a re
.

b u t ve ri ta bl e Ch e a p J o h n sh o p s s e lli ng N o 3 g o ld f o r 6 0 c e nts ,
.
34 TH E AR C HIVE S or DEN T I S T RY .

a l eaf . id to the c o ll e g e s : sp a re u s t he ne c e ssi ty o f p ro

H e sa

no unc i ng y o u r w o r k no t w e ll d o ne
”
.

D R AT KIN S ON v e ry highly c o mm e nd e d t he p a p er a nd w a s gl a d
.
,

t h a t he ha d liv e d t o se e the d a y ; wh e n a m a n d a r e d t o say

wh a t he th o ug ht c onc e rni ng the c o ll e g e s H e c o nd e m ne d .

str o ngly the p ra c t ic e o f pl a ci ng u nqu a lifi e d m e n i n the i nfi r

m a ri e s a nd a l so sa id th a t no o ctoge narie a ns sh o uld b e pl a c e d a s

,

t e a ch e rs u nl e ss th e y w e r e A t ki nso ns a nd b o rn a ne w e v e ry
, ,

t w e nty f o u r ho u rs -

D R K ING S LEY p ra i se d the p a p e r a nd S p o k e o f the g o o d w or k

.

o f the e x a mi ni ng b o ar d i n N e w Y or k S ta t e .

D R H EI T Z M AN pl e a d f or l e ni e ncy o n the p a r t o f the e xa m in

.

i ng b o a rd s a nd w a s i ncli ne d t o qu e st i o n the a bili ty of the

,

e x a mi ni ng b o a r d s t o r e v e r se the w o r k o f t he c o ll e g e s .

T H E PRE S I D EN T I thi nk D r S to ck ton o f N e w J e r se y

—
.
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c o uld give us so m e ligh t o n thi s qu e sti o n .

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. M r P re sid e nt a nd g e ntl e m e n I h a v e no t ic e d
-
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t h a t i n o u r p r o fe ssi o n i n t r a d e i n c o m m e r c e a nd al l the d e p a r t
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m e nt s o f life if a d e m and is m a d e the w a nt i s suppli e d i nv ari a

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bly I h a v e not ic e d i n the e duc at i o nal i nst i tu t i o ns o f ou r c o u n

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d e m a nd has b e e n m e t by a high e r cu rr icu lum a nd a l o nge r t e r m

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—
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w o uld p re sum e f o r o ne m o m e nt to se nd ou t a g ra du a te wi th
, ,

o nly the k no wl e dg e t h a t w a s p o sse sse d y e a r s a go by g r a du a t e s ,

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I t ha s b e e n d e m a nd e d .

t h a t w e h a v e a b e tte r e duc a t i o n f o r d e nt i sts a nd tha t d e m a nd i s ,

b e i ng suppli e d To d ay t h o se w ho go o ut f ro m the d e nta l col

.
,

l e ge s a re v e ry much b e tte r qu a lifi e d th a n th e y w e re y e a rs a go

a nd I o ft e nt im e s w o nd e r a t th e g o o d p r o duc t t h a t i s t u r ne d o ut

by our c o ll e g es w h e n I thi nk of the m at e r i al se nt th e re I

, .

c o uld no t h e lp b u t thi nk f or a m o m e nt a s my fri e nd fro m ,

B oyl e sto n stre e t w a s re a di ng hi s a dmi r a bl e p a p e r wh e th e r he ,

w o uld h a v e m a d e the sa m e cr i t ici sm f ro m the sta nd p o i nt o f a -

te a ch e r i n a c o ll e g e tha t he has m a d e to nigh t f ro m the sta nd

,
-

p o i nt O f a b o ar d o f e x a mi ners .

D R SHE P AR D
. Y es E ve ry tim e —
. .
 SO C IE T IE S . 35

D R S T O C K T ON
. I a m gl a d to h e a r i t H um a n na t u re i s hum a n
—
.

na tu re , t he w o rld o v e r a nd t he se c o ll e g e s w a nt to tu r n o u t a l l
,

the m e n t h e y c a n I h a v e no d o ub t th a t th e y try to do a l l th a t
.

i s ne c e ssa ry a nd p o ssibl e to e duc a te the i r s tud e nts b u t hum a n

, ,

na tu re c o m e s i n a nd th e y r e j o ic e i n a l a rg e numb e r o f g ra d
,

na te s . I a m gl a d o f thi s l a w in M assa chu se tts and I wi sh th e r e ,

w a s such a l a w i n a l l t he S ta te s ; tha t t he e x a mi ni ng b o ar d
c o m e s i n b e hi nd the c o ll e g e ; th a t th e r e i s so m e t hi ng high e r
th a t will m a k e th e se c o ll e g e s c o m e up to a high e r sta nd a r d o f
e duc a t i o n ; a nd th a t i s t he d e m a nd t o d a y a m o ng d e nti st s I .

sa
y i t i s w e ll th a t w e h a v e the se e x a mi ni ng b o ar d s a nd t h e y ,

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wh e n the c oll e g es r e a liz e the f a ct th a t th e r e i s b e hi nd th e m a

p o w e r th a t ca n sto p a m a n f ro m p ra c tici ng d e nti stry a l th o ugh ,

he m ay h a v e a dipl o m a f ro m a c o ll e g e t h e n t he c oll e g e s will ,

m e e t the d e m a nd a nd th o se wh o m th e y tu rn out w ill b e fi t to go

,

b e fo re a n e x a mi ni ng b o ar d ; a nd m or e th a n th a t th e y will b e
, ,

fi t t o p r a c t ic e d e nt i stry I a m gl a d of wh a t D r K i ng sl e y sa i d
. .

to nigh t th a t a m a n sh o uld b e qu a lifi e d t o p r a c ti c e o n hi s a bili ty

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I n o ne o f the G e r .

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se nte d him se l f a nd sta t e d hi s d e si re t o go t h r o ugh t he c o u rse i n

t w o y e a r s i nste a d o f fi v e
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o u c a nno t do i t i t i s imp o ssibl e T he y o u ng m a n sa id giv e

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,

m e a ch a nc e a nd I will sh o w y o u wh e th e r I c a n p a ss the e x a m
i na tio n i n tw o y e ar s H e w as a ll o w e d to m a k e the t ri al a nd
.
,

t he r e sul t w a s t h a t the y o u ng m a n su cc e e d e d a dmi ra bly a nd ,

p a sse d in a t w o y e a rs c o u r se w h a t the G e rm a ns t a k e fi v e y e a r s
’

to d o . Wh e n th e y f o u nd he w as lik e ly to m a k e the ra c e th e y ,

tu rne d in a nd sa id H u rra h ! w e W ill h e lp yo u ; a nd th e y did a l l

,

th e y c o uld f o r him A ma n sh o uld b e a d m i tte d to p ra c tic e

.

wh e n he i s qu a lifi e d wh e t h e r it ta k e s tw o y e a rs or fi v e y e a rs
,

a nd he sh o uld no t b e a dmi t t e d u ntil he i s a bl e t o p a ss t he e x a m

.

i ni ng b o a rd of the v e ry b e st me n i n the na t i on Wh e n he c a n .

do th a t no m a tte r ho w l o ng i t ta k e s th e n he i s qu a lifi e d to p ra e
, ,

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,
I a m v e ry much pl e a se d with the D o c to r s
.
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p a p e r a nd I th a nk him f o r it
,
.

T he g re a t a nniv e rsa ry ( the 2 l st) will b e h e ld J a nu ar y 1 4 th

, ,
 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN T I S T RY .

1 5 th a nd v e ryb o dy i s e xp e cte d t o shu t up sh op

l 6th, a nd e
“

a nd b e t he re ; a nd D r W a lk e r say s a ny m a n w ho i s no t t h e r e
.
,

t hi s t im e will h a v e a sp o t pu t o n hi m
,
S o b r e t h re n a l l b e o n . .

NATIONAL A SS O C IATION OF D EN TAL FA C ULTIE S .

PE IAL NO T I E S C C .

Th ign t i n nd m v l t P i F nc
e re s a f D Juniu
o a re o a o a r s, ra e, o r . s

E C v n h m d n c y th pp i ntm nt f
. ra e s, as c t y a e e essa r e a o e o a se r e ar

t fill t h p i t i n
o e O n th c mm nd t i n f th E x cu tiv
os o . e re o e a o o e e e

C mmi tt I h v pp i nt d D J h n S M h ll f Chi c g
o ee , a e a o e r . o . ars a ,
o a o .

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o a o s re r e a e o o s r a a

ti o n sh o uld h e re af te r b e S e nt t o hi s a dd re ss c orne r Michi gan

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a v e nu e a nd J a ck so n st re e t Chic a g o I ll s , ,
.

JA M E S TRU M A N Pre s t N A o f D E
’
,
. . .

G U TTA PER HA R OO T F ILLIN G I b e li e ve th a t no r o o t e v e r

-

C -

w as fill e d p e rf e c tly wi th chl o r a p e r ch a b e c a u se the m a t e r i a l -

i s put i nto the r o o t i n a fluid f o r m a nd wh e n the chl o ro f or m i s ,

e v a p o ra te d the filli ng mu st l o se i n v o lum e Whe n I u se gu tta .

p e r ch a in filli ng c a na l s I simply so fte n i t a nd t h e n d riv e i t up

i nto the r o o ts I t m ay c a u se a li ttl e p a i n b ut giv e s no p e r m a
.
,

ne nt t ro ubl e . D R W H MORGAN . . . .

CELLULOI D T o R E P LA C E A BROKEN TOO T H S e l e ct a to o th

.
— —
,

c o v e r the pi ns wi th a n e xc e ss o f p a ra ffine pl a ce it (pa rafii ne )up ,

i n the l o w e r h a lf o f a fl a sk fill e d wi th pl ast e r ; fill t he upp e r

h alf o f the fl a sk w i th pl a ste r Op e n t he fl a sk a nd r e m ov e the ,

pa ra ffi ne ; h e a t the i nv e stm e nt a nd m o uld a pi e c e of c e ll u l o i d

o n to the t e e t h t he sa m e a s if y o u we re m o uldi ng a wh o l e d e n
,

t u re . E nl arge the c a vi ty l e f t by the b ro k e n to oth on the l in ,

gu a l sid e A f te r gr i ndi ng the t o o th a nd sh a pi ng the c e llul o id

.

u ntil it fi ts p e rf e c tly c e m e nt i t i n pl a c e wi th c oll o di o n T he

, .

u ni on o f the ce llul o id will b e p e rfe ct a nd the t oo th will b e h e ld ,

a s fi r mly i n pl a c e as a n
y t o o t h o n the pl a t e F reder i ck W —
.

S ea bu ry .
—
E r .
 S i tre e ts .

J U D GE G I L FI L L AN S D E C I S ION ON T HE C O N S T I T U
’

T I O N AL I T Y T OF HE M INNE S O TA D ENTAL LAW

R EN D ERE D DE C E MB ER 2D 1 889 ,
.

S T AT E OF MI N N E SOT A .
— S UP R E M E C O UR T ,
c
O t ob e r T e r m , A . D . 1 889 .

S T AT E O F M I N N E S O T A, R e sp o nd e nt , v s . G E E R T A V AN D E R S L UI S , .

Ap p e l l a nt .

S yl l ab u s . C h 1 9,. L a ws 1 889, e nt i t l e d “
A n A ct to r e g ul a t e
th e p r a t i e o f c c
c onst i t ut i o na l — G I LF I LL A N ,
”
D e nt i st ry i n the S t at e of M i nne so t a , is .

C J . .

T h a t th e l e g i sl a t ur e m a y pr e s c
co nd i t i ons up o n th
r i b e su ch r e a so na b l e e

c c c
r i g h t t o p ra t i e m e d i i ne o r l a w a wi l l x cl ud f m the p act i c tho s s e e ro r e e

wh re u nfi t t d f o i t i s so w l l
o a e e t t l e d b y d c i si o ns o f th e c o u t s
r e s s to b e r a e

n O p e n q u e st i o n
,

no l o ng er a T h p w er e st o n t h i gh t t p e t e ct t h e
o r s e r o ro

p u b l i c g i n t th i nj u r i o u s c o ns q u e n s l i k l y t o
.

a a s e ul t f o m l l owi ng
e ce e re s r a

p e o ns t p c t i c e th e s p o f e ssi o ns w h o d no t p o ss ss t h e sp c i l q u l i fi
rs o ra e r o e e a a

c t i o ns e ss nt i al t o nab l e t h e p c ti t i on t o p ct i c th p o f e s i o n w i th
a e e ra er ra e e r s

sa f e ty t o t h se w h e m p l oy h i m
o T h e s m e e so n
o p p l y w i th e q u l f o c e
. a r a s a a r

to th e p rof ssi on O f d e nt i t y wh i ch i s b u t a b nch o f t h m e d i c l p o

e s r ra e a r

T h t i n th e e x e c i se o f t h t p o w e t h e l e g i sl t u e m y e q u i e s
,

f e si on
s . a r a r a r a r r a

a co nd i t i o n o f th e i gh t t o p c t i c rth t th e p so n sh l l p ra cu l i ce n
e, a er a ro re a se ,

m y d e si g na t e s m e ffi ce o b o d t o i ssu t h e l i c nse a nd t d t e m i ne

a o O r r ar e e o e r

w h e t h e r a n p p l i c nt p o sse sse s t h q u a l i fi c t i o ns
a a q ui d to e nt i tl hi m t o e a re re e

i t a nd m y p e sc i b e so f a a r c a n b e d o ne b y a p c i l l w w h t q u l i fi
r r as s e a a a a

c t i o ns sh al l b e re qu i e d nd h o w th e p osse ssi on o f t he m b y th e p pl i c nt
, , ,

a r a a a

sh l l b e a sc
a t a i ne d ne c e ss i l y f o l l ow s f o m t h e p ow
er ,
i t se l f
ar r er .

I t i s f or t h e l e g i l a t u e a nd no t f o t h e c o u t s t o d t rm i ne t h e se t h i ng
s r r r e e s .

T h o nl y l i m i t to th e l e g i sl a t i v p ow e t o p
e c i b e co nd i t i o ns t the righ t
e r re s r o

t o p ra c t i c i n a p of s i o n i s th a t t he y sh l l b
e r e s e so n b l e
,
W h e t h th e y a e r a a . er

a e re aso nab l e t h a t i
r w h e t h e t h e l e g i l tu e h s g ne b y o nd th e p ro p er
s, r s a r a o e

t h e c o u t s mu st j u d g
,

l im i ts O f i ts p o w e r, By t h t e r m r so n b l e w e d o e e re a a

not m e a n e x p e d i e nt no d o w e m e n th t t h e c o nd i t i o n m u st b e such s
.
,

,
r a a s a

t h e c o u t w o ul d i m p o s i f i t w e e
r l l e d u p o n t o p e sc ib wh t sh ou l d b
e r ca r r e a e

t h c o nd i t i ns
e T he y o t b e d med
. so n b l e w h e
a re o l t ho u g h p e r
ee re a a ,
re , a

h a p s not t h e w i se st a nd b e st t h a t m i g h t b e a d o p t e d , t h e y a r e ti t a nd a p p r o
p r i a te t o t he e nd i n ie v w ,
-
c
t o w i t , t he p r o t e t i o n o f t h e p b l i , a nd are m a n u c
i f e st l y i n g oo d f a i th f or t h a t p u rp o se
a d o pte d I f a o nd i t i o n sh o l d b e . c u
c l e a rl y arb i tr a r y a nd a p r i i o u s, i f no re a so n, c c
i t h r e f e r e n e t o t h e e nd i n w c
38 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN T I S T RY .

v i e w c o ul d b e a ssi g ne d f or i t , a nd e sp e ci al l y if i t ap p e a r e d th a t i t m u st h a v e

b e e n a d o p t e d f or so m e o th e r p u r p o se su h f or i nst a n e a s t o f a
. c c vo r or b e ne
fit so me
p e rsons, o r l a ss c o f p e r so ns, i t er t ai nl y ou l d no t b ec w r e a so nab l e ,

a nd w
o ul d b e b e y o nd th e p o e r o f t h e l e g i sl a t u r e t o i m p o se w .

I n 1 885 t h e l e g i sl a t ur e p a sse d a n a c t t o r e g u l a te th e p ra ct i c e of d e nt i stry .

C h 1 99, . L a ws 1 885 . T hi s a ct c o nt i nu e d i n f o r ce u nt i l it w as sup e r ce d e d

a nd r e p e al e d b y C h 19, Law s 1 889 T h e l a tt e r act is a ssa i l e d a s u nco nst i

q k it
. .

t u t i o nal . T h ou gh t h e a ct of 1 885 i s no t c al l e d in ue st i o n, w e th i n
w el l to re f e r to so m e o f i t s p r o i si o ns v
S e c t i o n 1 m a d e i t u nl a f ul f o r a ny
. w
p e rso n not a t t h e p a ssage of t he act e ng a g e d i n t h e p r act i c e o f d e nt i st ry i n
t he S t a t e , t o co mm e nce su c h p ra t i ce c w
i t h o u t a c ert i c a t e , a s i n t h e ac t fi
p ro i d e dv S e c t i on 5 p r o v id e d f or t h e c er t i c a t e , fi
h i h w a s t o b e i ssue d b y w c
x
.

t h e b o ar d of e a m i ne r s p r o i d e d f o r i n t h e v a ct , u p o n a sa t i sf a c t o r y e x am i

na t i o n . c
S e t i on 4 m a d e i t th e d uty of e v e ry p e r so n a t t h e t i m e e ng a g e d i n
t h e p ra t i e c c of d e nt i st ry i n t h e S t a t e t o , w i t h i n s ix m o nt h s a f t e r t h e p a s
sa g e o f t h e ac t , c a u se hi s na m e a nd r e si d e nce or p l ac e of b u si ne ss t o b e
wi th th b d i n b oo k t o b k
r e g i st e r e d e o ar a e e p t b y i t f or t h a t p u r p o se ,

p v id d th t e v e y p son so
ro e g i st
a d is r er re e re a pr ac t i t i o ne r o f d e nt i st ry a nd
m i gh t nt i nu t o p ct i c e
co su h e ra as c .

C h p t e 1 9 L a w 1 889 S e ct i o n 1 p ovi d s t h t f m nd a f t e S e p te m
a r ,
s , ,
r e a ro a r

b l 1 889 i t sh al l b e u nl aw f u l f o
er ny p e o n t p r ct i c e d nt i t y i n t h e r a rs o a e s r

h e sh l l fi t h ve o b t i ne d c t i fi c t e of e g i st ti o n nd
, ,

St t u nl s
a e, e s a rs a a a er a r ra a

fi l d t h e s m o ce t i fi d c py t h of wi th th e C l k of th e D i t i c t
e a e, r a r e o e re ,
er s r

C u t o f t h e co u nty f h i s
o r si d nc e s i n th ct f t w d s p ov i d e d
o re e a e a a er ar r

b o d o f x m i ne s S e ct i n 4 m a k e s i t t h e
. .

S cti o ns 2 nd 3 p v i d f o
e a ro e r a ar e a r o

k
.

d u ty of t h e b o ar d t o t r a nsf e r t o b y i t f o r t h a t p ur a r e g i st e r to b e e pt

p ose , w
i thi n t e n d a y s a f t e r t h e se c o nd T u e sd a y i n J ul y , 1 889, t h e nam e ,
r e sid e nce a nd p l a ce o f b u si ne ss o f e a h a nd e e ry p e r so n w h o o n t h e se co nd c v
W e d ne sd ay i n J ul y , 1 889, p u rsu a nt t o t h e a c t of 1 885 , sh a l l
“

be q u al i fi ed to
p ra t i c c e d e nt i str y i n t h e S t a t e , a nd w h o sh al l t h e n b e d u l y re g i st e r e d o n t h e

b oo s k of th e b o a r d cr e a te d b y th e a ct of 1 885 , a nd ma k es i t t h e d u ty of t he
b o ar d t o se nd to ea ch o f su c h c fi
p e r so ns a e r t i c a t e of h i s r e g i st r at i o n
q fi
.

I t w i l l b e se en f ro m t h e se v v
a r i o u s p r o i si o ns, t h a t t h o se u al i e d t o

pra ct i ce d e nt i st co nt i nu e d t o b e o q u al ifi d u nd e
ry u nd e r th e l a w of 1 885 , s e r

t he ct o f 1 889 i n l u d i ng b o t h t h o se w h o w e e i n p
a c ct i c e t t h d a t e o f r ra a e

e qu i e d nd t h o e w h o b e c m e q u al i
,

th f o me ct ndr g i te d
er a s it a re s re a r r a s a

x m i n t i n nd e ti fi te p ovi d d b y i t
,

fi d b y th
e e e a a o a c r ca r e .

S e ct i o n 5 o f t h e t of 1 889 t h p vi si ns o f w hi ch f u ni sh o ne o f t h e
ac ,
e ro o r

g ou nd o n whi h pp l l nt ssa i l t h e c t s u nco nsti t u ti onal p ovi d s

r s c a e a a s a a ,
r e

t hat p e r so n w h o sh al l d e si re t o b e g i n t h e p r a c t i ce o f d e nt i stry i n t h e
a ny

S t a te af te r S e p t 1 , 1 889, sh al l m a e a ppl i c a t i o n f or e am i na t i o n t o t h e k x
x x
.

b o ar d o f e a m i ne r s, p a y i ng a f e e o f t e n d ol l ars, a nd sh al l u nd e rg o a n e a m
i ma t i o n T he se c t i o n f ur t h e r e na c t s
“
In o rd e r to b e e l ig ib l e f or su c h

x
.

e a m i na t i o ns su ch
p e rso n sh al l p r e se nt t o sai d b o a r d h i s d i p l om a f ro m som e
d e nt a l col l e g e i n g oo d st a nd i ng a nd sh al l g i e sa t i sf a ct o ry e i d e nce of h i s v v
r i gh t t o th e p o sse ssi o n o f t h e sa m e ; p r o i d e d a l so t h a t th e b o a rd m ay i n i t s v
 EXT RA T C S . 39

d i scre t i o n adm it to e x a m i na t i o n su ch o th e r p e r so ns a s sh a l l g i e sat i sf a c v

t ory e vi d e nce of h av i ng b e e n e ng age d i n t he c c
p ra ti e of d e nt i stry t e n ye a r s
p r i or t o t h e d a te o f t h e p assag e o f t h i s a ct .

“
v
S a i d b o ar d sh al l h a e t he p o e r t o d e t e r m i ne t h e g o o d st a nd i ng of a ny w
c l l
o eg e o r l l
o e g e s f ro m ch i h s u h d i l m
p o as m ay h a e bw c
e e n g r a nt e d
”
I t c v
x j x
.

t h e n g o e s o n t o p re s c rib e t he m a nne r , e t e nt a nd sub e ct s o f th e e a m i na

t i o ns
cu l a o bj c ti o ns of o nsti t ut i o n l ch ct e th p p l l nt
.

W hat p ar t i r e a c a ara r, e a e a

m kes
,

a se c t i n i t i s so m e wh t d i ffi c ul t t
t o t hi s t ll f
o m his b i f W a o e ro r e e

h o w v e r t h t h e cl i m t h e s c t i o n t b e ob j e c t i o n b l e b c u se no
.

i nf er e a a s e o a e a

h o w w l l q u l i fi e d b y l a ni ng a nd sk i l l o e x p i nc e o ne m y b e
,

m tt a er e a e r r er e a

x
,

h e h a s no a b sol u t e r i gh t to b e e a m i ne d b y th e b o a rd u nl e ss he h as a

d i p l o m a f ro m a d e nt a l co l l eg e i n g o od st a nd i ng , su c h g o od st a nd i ng to b e
d e t e r m i ne d b y t h e b o ar d , a nd t h i s h e l a i m s t o b e a d i s r i m i nat i o n b e t c c w e en

c c
t h e r i h a nd p oor , b e a u se o ne m ay b e p e u ni a r i l y ab l e a nd t h e o t h e r c not
ab l e to a t t e nd a d e nt a l co l l e g e T h e m e re f a t c of d is c r i m i na t i o n in su ch a

j q kil l
.

l a w i s no ob e ct i o n t o i t . R e u i r i ng a ce r tai n d e gre e of l e a r ni ng a nd s

as a cond i ti on of b e i ng al l o w e d t o p i s d i sc i m i na t i o et ee o se ra ct i c e, r nb w n th
wh h ave a nd t h o se w h o h v no t t h t d gr e e
o f le a s il e a e o ar ni ng nd k l a

cq i
,

b e t we n t h o se w h o
e e b l e nd t h o se w h o e u nab l
ar ato a u e it a ar e r

I f th e e we e d i sc i m i na t i ons b e t w e e n p e so ns or cl
r r r se s u p o n a ny m t r as a

t e not p e t i ne nt t o t h e l g i t i m a t e p u p o se of t h e l w t o w i t t
r r e e cu e r a -
: o s r

fi t ne ss nd o mp e t ency i n th ose w h o sh l l b p m i tt e d to p ct i ce i t
,

a c a e er ra

w oul d b e obj e cti n b l e A s f or i nst nce i f i t w a s t o p l a ce of b i th

,

o a a e re r

col o or el i g i o us b l i f T h e e q ui e m nt s o f d i p l m a f m so m c l l g e
. .

r r e e . r r e a o ro e o e

o ler ne d so i e t y i n o d
ar t o p r ct i c m e d i c i n h s b e n i ns t e d i n t h e
c r er a e e a e er

l aw s o f m ny S t at e s nd q u e st i o ne d i n b u t f e w
a a I n M ss ch u se tt s a l w a a a

e q u i e d t h e p r ct i ti o n
.

r r t o h v e b e e n l i c e nse d b y t h e M e d i c l S c i t y or
a er a a o e ,

b e e n g d u t e d a d o ct o i n m e d i c i ne a t H a v a d U ni v e si ty T h i s w s h e l d
ra a r r r r a

constit ut i on l i n H e w i tt v C h a i e 1 6 P i ck 356 T h e sta tut e of N e v d a

.

a r r, a

( 1 875) r q u i d a m e d i c al e d u c at i o n a nd a d i p l m a f m so m e e g ul
. . .
,

e re ch a o ro r ar r

t e re d m e d i c al sc ho ol T hi s w a s h e l d c o nst i tu t i o nal
. E x p t e sp i nne y — . ar ,

1 0 N e v 3 23 A s t h e f c t o f h av i ng g a d u t e d t nd re c i v d
.
, . a d ip l m a r a a a e e a o

f om
r sch ool or c ol l e g e d e vo t e d t o t e ch i ng t h e p a ti cu l a
a sc i e nc m edi a r r e,

ci ne su g y o d e nti try b e a s d ire ctl y up o n t h e p

, r er , r s n s q u l i fi c t i ns t o
’ r e rso a a o

p a ct i c e w e h a ve no d o ub t t h e l e g i sl a t u e m i g h t h ave m d e th a t t h sol e
r r a e

t e st .

T ha t t h i s st a t ut e al l o ws , i n th e d i s cr e t i o n of t h e b o a rd , t e n y e ar s’p ra c
c
t i e , p r i or t o t h e p a ssag e o f t he a ct , a s a s ub st i tut e f or t h e d i p l o m a o f a

col l e ge , f urni sh e s no ob e j ’cti o ns o n co n t i tu t i o n l

s a g ro u nd s t o t h e a c t T r u e

k
.

it is as ed c c
w h y t e n ye a r s p r a t i e a f te r t h e p a ssa g e o f t he a c t o gh t no t t o u
‘
e nt i t l e o ne t o t h e sa m e r i g h t a s t e n y e a rs p r a t i e b e f ore i t s p a ssa g e A c c
fic
.

su f w c
i e nt a ns e r t o t hi s i s, t h a t su h p r a t i e a f te r t h e a c t i f i n t h i s S t a t e , c c ,

w oul d b e i n vi ol a t i o n o f l w nd a , a th e l e g i sl a tu re s ure l y m a y p ro i d e v
ag a i nst i nv i t i ng v i o l t i o n o f t h l a s e a w , a nd f o r t h a t p u rp o se w i thh ol d al l

b n fi ts f o m i t v i l t
e e r s o a ors .
 40 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN T I S T RY .

I t is ob e j
cte d th a t i t i l e f t t o t he d i c e t i o n o f th b o d t d e t m i ne
s s r e ar o er

whe the t e n y a s’p ct i c i nst ad o f d i p l o m a sh al l d m i t o ne t o e x a m

r e r ra e, e a a

O n th sc e of e x p e d i ncy s m e q u e st i ons m i gh t b e m d e u p on
,

i n t i o ns
a . e or e o a

i t B u t as t h e l e g i l t u e m i g ht h v l e f t t h t p ov i si o n o u t al t og t h e a nd
s a r a e a r e r

m d no x ce p t i on t o t h e qui m e nt th t n ppl i c nt f e x mi n ti on
.

a e e re re a a a a or a a

sh o u l d h v d ip l m w e d o no t s e t h t ny q u e st i o ns a n b m a d e of
a e a o a, e a a c e

t h e p ow t o fix th e p i d of t n y
er no f t h e p ow t o l e v i t f o the
er o e e a rs, r o er a e r

b o d to d te m i n i n
ar ch p t i cul as wh the t h x te nt nd h c
e r e ea ar ar c -
e e r e e a c ar a

t e r of t h app l i c a nt s p a ct i
e d u ing t h p i o d h as b e e n su h s t o b e
r ce r e er c a

e q u l a e v id e nc o f h i s q u l i fi c t i o ns t o t h
a s e p o ss si on o f d i pl o m a a e es a a .

S c 7 e d . A l l p so ns sh l l b sa i d t o b e p a ct i i ng d nt i t ry w i t h i n
re a s:
“
er a e r c e s

th e m e a ni ng of t hi s a ct w ho sh a l l f or a fee or sal ary o r o t h e r r e w a r d p a id

e i t h er t o h i m sel f or to a no th e r p e r son f or o p era t i ons o r p a r t s o f o p e ra t i o ns

o f a ny k ndi t re a t d i se a se s or l e si o ns o f t h e h u m a n t e e th or a w s j or co rr e c t

k
, ,

m a l p osi t i o ns t h e r e of . B ut no th i ng i n t hi s a ct co nt a i ne d sh a l l b e ta en to
app l y to a ct s of b o na fi de st u d e nt s o f d e nt i stry d one i n t h e p u rsui t o f l i ni c
c al ad va nt a g e s u nd e r th e d i r e c v
t su p e r i si on o f a pre ce p t or o r a l i c e nse d
d e nt i st i n th i s S t a t e d ur i ng t h e p e r i o d o f t h e i r e nro l l m e nt i n a d e nt al c o l
“

c
l e g e a nd a tt e nd a n e u p o n a re g ul ar uni nt e rr up t e d c o ur se i n su h c o l l e g e ” c .

c
I t i s l a i m e d t h a t t h i s sh o ws t h e l aw t o b e a n a rb i t r a r y m e a sure f or th e
b e ne t fi v
d e nt i st s b y g i i ng t h e m a m o no p o l y t o pr ac t i c e a b r a nch o f sur
of

g e ry w h i ch h as h e re t of or e b e e n l arg e l y c a rr i e d o n b y re g u l ar p h ys i c i ans
a nd surg e o ns

fi
.

I t w a s p ro p e r i n or d e r t o g i e p r e i si on t o t h e l a w t o d e ne w h a t w as v c
c
m e a nt b y p r a t i ci ng d e nt i stry I t i s no t h o e e r t o b e supp ose d t h e l e g i s . wv
l at ure i nt e nd e d t o e nl arg e t h e sp h e re of t h e p ro f e ssi on T h ere m a y b e
j
.
,

d i se ase s o f h u r t s t o , a nd O p e r a t i o ns u p o n th e aw s t h at a re w i th i n t h e l egiti
m at e p rof e ssi o n b o t h t h e g e ne r al su r g e o n a nd o f t h e d e nt i st
of We d o no t
kn
.

ow h o w th i s i s . c
B u t i f i t b e so , t h e l i e nse d su rg e o n ou l d b e p ro t e c t e d w
by hi s l i c e nse i n t r e a t i ng su ch . T he a ct b e f ore u s co u l d h ar dl y b e so c o n

st r u e d a s t o l i mi t the r ig ht o f the surg e o n u nd e r h i s l i c e nse .

I t is c l a i m e d al so t h at i t d i s c ri m i na t e s b e twe e n st ud e nt s of d e nt i st ry b y
a l l o w i ng t he m t o O p e r a t e up on t h e t e e th a nd j aws d ur i ng t h e p e r i o d o f
th e ir e nr ol l m e nt i n a d e nt a l co l l e ge a nd a t t e nd a nc e u p o n a re g u l ar u ni n

t e rr up t e d c o u r se i n su c h c o l l e g e , a nd e xc l u d i ng o th er s . T h e p ur p o se o f
v
th i s p r o i si on of t h e l a w i s a p p a r e nt I t i s t o p ermi t t o a c t u al b o na fi d e

w k fi
.

st u d e nt s t h e b e ne t o f p rac t i c al or B ut t p r e v e nt
u nd e r a n i nstr u c t or . o

e v si n of t h
a o l w b y p so ns p a ct i c i ng t h p f s i n nd
s e a t h p t nse
er r e ro e s o u er e re e

o f b e i ng t ud e nt s t h a t v e y p p l y d fi n s w h o h l l b
s e eg cd d s r ro er e e s a e r ar e a

st d e nt w i th i n t h e cl u e
u s l l ow i ng t h m t p e f o mop er a t i o n o p art s
a s a e o r r s r

of p o t i o ns It i
era p e n t o e v e y st u d nt t b i ng h i m se l f w i t h i n t h e
s o r e o r

fi
.

d e ni t i on .

T he i nt er pr e t at i o ns of the cl a u se u nd e r c o nsi d e ra t i o n
,
up on w h i ch
a pp e l l a nt arg ue s t h a t i t w a s i nt e nd e d t o p re f e r ch ool
s s of d e nt i stry w i t h i n
t h e S t at e as ag a i nst th o se o u t of i t , i s t o o narr o w We . se e no r e a so n w hy
a st u d e nt i n su h c a s ch o ol in a no t h e r S t a t e m ay no t d ur i ng va c a t i o n p ur su e
 EXT RA T C S . 41

hi s st ud ie s he re u nd e r a li c
w i thi n the m e a ni ng o f t h e
e nse d d e nt i st a nd be
cl use B y r e g ul a r uni nt e rupt e d co u s th e ct d oe s no t m e an co u s
a . r r e a a r e

i n w h i ch t h e a no v a c t i ons su ch a s l l sch ool s h ave

re re T o h o l d th a t i t
a ,
a .

d e w o ul d l e d t o t hi s u nre so nab l
o s a re su l t t h a t t h e st u d e nt e ve n i n a e : a

scho ol i n t h i s S t a t e m i g h t d u i ng t h e t e m h v e t h e b n fi t o f p r a ct i c e i n
r r a e e

Op t i o ns u nd e a l i ce nse d d e nt i st b u t woul d h v e t o su sp e nd a s soon a s

e ra r ,
a

t h t e m sh o ul d c l o se
e r

T he p rov i si ns nd e q ui e m e nt s of th e l w a e u nd o ub t e dl y i g o o u s
.

o a r r a r r r .

T h y o ug h t t o b i n a ny l w a i m i ng t p o t e c t t h p u b l i c a g i nst i g no
e e a o r e a r

a nc e a nd i nc o m p e t e ncy i n so i m p o t a nt p o f e ssi n s t h e m e d i c l p of e s r a r o a a r

si o n i n a ny o f i t s b a nc h e s W s e no t h i ng i n t h e p vi si ons o f thi s l w
r . e e ro a

th a t w as no t c l e ar l y i nse r t e d b y t h e l e g i sl a t ure i n g o o d f a i th t o e fi e ct th e
e nd in vi e w . T he l a w i s al i d v
J udg m e nt a fii r m e d
. .

IN T ER N AT IONAL TOOT H C RO W N C OMP ANY .

T h fi t nd g e dv y th
rs gh na th nl y n w i h wh h
r e a t e st a e rsar , ou ot e o o e, t ic
we h v t d l i a I nt n t n l T
e o th C w n C m p ny
ea D y s th e er a io a oo ro o a O ou

n in t j w ? L k t l i f it
.
,

kn w h w n
o ly y h v b o e ar ou a e ee i s a s oo a a st o s p at
en O n b i dg w k i h
ts v l ncl d ng h L
r eh R ch m ndor t a s se er a i u i t e ow t e i o

nd h S h fi l d b dg
.
, ,

a t e It h p nt efn p m n n b dg
e nd p ri es . as ate s o er a e t ri e s, a at

e nt s o n r e m o v ab l e b ri dge s ; p a t e nt o n p r e p ar i ng ro o t s f or r o ns,
a hi h c w w c
c
i n l u de s p at e nt o n f re e
a z i ng t h e t o o th , a p at e nt o n c ut t i ng off t h e t o o th ,
a p a t e nt o n k i l l i ng t h e p u l p , a nd o n d r i i ng i t o u t a t t h e sa m e t i m e ( i f y o u v
c an) a p a te nt o n
, fi
l l i ng t h e e nd o f t h e r o o t , a nd a p a t e nt o n l l i ng t h e fi
r oo t w i th m a te ri a l su i t a b l e f or h ol d i ng t h e m e t al l i c pin or s r e w c w h i ch
sup p ort s th e cr o wn o r b ri dge .

I t has e ve n a p a t cro w ns O n crow ns i t

e nt o n th e ce m e nt f or se cu r i ng .

h s m ny p a t e nts i ncl u d i ng t h e B e e s or g ol d c ow n t h e B i t ne r c ro w n
a a ,
r ,
r , ,

t h R i ch m o nd c ow ns a nd t h e S h e fii e l d c o wns ; se ve r l o f e ch of t h t w o
e r r a a e

l a st n m e d I t h s p t nt s o n
a . o w ns w i t h b a nd s
a nd w i th o ut b a nd s ;
a e cr a

p t e nt s o n cro w ns se cu e d wi t h sc e w s a nd w i th ou t scre ws ; a p at e nt o n
a r r

crowns s cure d w i th gutt a p e ch a p te nt on crowns s c u d w i th

e -
r a, a e re

ce me nt nd a p ate nt o n c owns se cu e d wi th b o th gu tt a p e ch a nd
a r r -
r a

ce m nt e I t h as al so.
p t e nt on o w ns c v i ng t h e nd s f o o t s
a a In cr o er e o r .

f ct i f th e v al id i ty o f the se v ar i o u s crown p a t e nt s ow ne d b y t h e I nte

a , r

na ti on l T oth C ro wn C o m p a ny sh ou l d b e e st b l i h e d i t w ou l d se e m a s i f
a o a s ,

al l t h e o th r c ow ns no w i n u se w o u l d b e d e cl a e d a n i nf i ng e m e nt o n
e r r r

t h t c om p ny ’
a s cro w n p a te nt s
a T h e n t h i s c om p any h s l so a p a te nt o n a a

k
.

t a i ng i m p re ssi o ns, a p a te nt o n u se o f t r i a l p l a te , a p a t e nt o n g e t t i ng
arti c ul a t i ng m o d e l s, a nd a p a t e nt o n i n e st i n t h e p i e e f or so l d e r i n
g g I t v c .

ha s a dd e d at l e a st t w o ne w p a t e nt s c
si n e o u r o rg a ni z a t i o n w as f or m e d ,
a nd is c u
o nt i n al l y o n t h e l o o o t t o k u p at e nt s p o n h i h t o a sse r t
ob t ai n u w c
cl a i m s a g a i nst o u r p ro f e ssi o n .
—
Th e D e nta l P r o te c l z v e A sso i a ti o n C i r
‘

c
cu l a r , i ssu e d by D r. J N . . G r o u se , 223 1 P ra i rie A ve .
, Ch ic go a .
 E e c fi fl e tie e s .

TRAN S A C T ION S OF T HE OD ON T OLOGI C AL SO C I E T Y OF PENN

S YL V ANIA 1 886 1 887 1 888 ,
R e ce ive d fro m D r A mbl e r Te e s
, ,
. . .

A PRA C T I C AL TREA T I S E ON A R T I FI C IAL CRO W N AN D BRI D GE

WORK by G EORGE E VAN S
,
S e c o nd e di t i o n ; re vi se d and
.

e nl a r g e d ; wi t h 54 7 illu str a t i o ns T he S S Whi t e D e nt a l Mfg . . . .

C O Phil a d e lphi a 1 889

.
, ,
.

DEN TAL CHE M I S T RY AN D ME T ALLURGY : BEIN G SE C ON D E D I

T ION OF T HE DEN T I S TS MANUAL OF S P E C IAL CHE M I S T RY ;
’

re vi se d re w r i tt e n a nd i ncludi ng :
,
l st E sse nt i a l s O f Ch e mi st ry
, ,

f o r D e nt al S tud e nt s ; 2 d G e ne r a l Ch e mi st ry f o r D e nt a l P r acti
,

t i o ne r s ; 3d L a b a ra t ory c o u r se i n D e nt a l Ch e mi stry a nd M e t a l
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lu rgy by CL I FFOR D MI TC HELL M D W T K e e ne r Pub

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. . . .
,

l ishe r 96 W a shi ng to n st re e t Chic a g o

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P ric e ,
.

Thi s w o rk ha s b e e n r e wr i tte n a t t he re qu e st of the N a t i o na l

A sso ci ati on of D e nta l Fa cul ti e s and c onst i tu te s one of a ser i e s
o f T e x t B o o k s f or use i n A m er ic a n D e nt a l C o ll e g e s
-

I t w as .

a d o p t e d by t he A sso ci a t i o n a t i t s m e e t i ng i n S ara t o g a A ugu st , ,

1 889 .

CA T ALOGUE OF POR C ELAIN TEE T H m a nuf a ct ur e d by the S S ,

. .

W hi te D e nta l Mfg C o Ch e stnu t st c orne r 1 2th Phil a de lp hi a

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, , ,

1 889 .

Thi s w o r k i s a qu a r to o f 1 5 0 p a ge s p ro fu se ly illu strate d —

i ssu e d by the S S Whi te C O a s a n a dv e rt i se m e nt a nd f or the

. . .
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c onv e ni e nc e of the d e nt i st i n m a ki ng up hi s o rd e rs f or te e th .

I t c o nta i ns a m ong o th e r t hi ng s O f i nt e r e st a di sse r ta t i o n on por

, ,

ce l a i n t e e th e sse nt i a l cha r ara cte r i sti cs o f p or c e l a i n te e t h t e m

, ,

p e ra m e nt i n r e l a t i o n t o the t e e th the l a w o f c o rr e sp o nd e nc e , ,

illu str a ti ons of the v a ri o u s f or m s a nd cl a sse s of t e e th pl a i n and ,

gum si ngl e a nd in se ct i ons cr o w ns of the v ar i o u s p atte rns

, , ,

v e ne e rs o r f a ci ng s f o r b r idge w o rk c avi ty sto pp e r s i nl ay s wi t h

, , ,

p r i c e li st s .
 S dite ri a l .

AR C HI VE S FOR 1 890 .

Wi th thi numb c mm s er o c
en es y e a r o f the A R C HIVE S
the 2 2 d
OF DEN T T RY nd w t k
IS a ,
e a e p l e a su re i n sta t i ng t h at i n t he hi stor y

of t hi s j o u r na l t h e re ha s b e e n no ne m o r e p ro sp e r o u s t h a n t h a t O f

1 889 a nd w e wi sh to th a nk o u r su bscri bers f o r h a vi ng a ssi st e d

—

u s i n m a ki ng i t so .

We h o p e o u r f ri e nd s will a pp re ci a te o ur e ff or ts to giv e t h e m
the b e st j o u rna l publi sh e d a nd c o nt i nu e wi th u s du r i ng 1 890
,
.

We will c o nt i nu e t h o se o n o ur b o o k s u nl e ss o r d ere d to the c on

,

tra ry .

I n the N
v e mb e r i ssu e the J o u rna l w a s Offe re d to ne w sub
o

sc r ib e rs f o r 1 890 t o th o se se ndi ng i n c a sh b e f o r e J a n ,

u ary l st T hi s ha s b e e n so succ e ssful ] i n a ddi ng ne w na m e s to

.
‘

o u r li st th a t w e f e e l c a ll e d up o n to c o nt i nu e t hi s off e r u nt il
,

M a r ch 1 st N o e x tra p o sta ge f or C a na d a a nd M e xic o 50 c e nt s

.

e x tra wi t h a l l o th e r f o r e ig n o r d e r s .

M E C HANI C AL D ENTI ST RY .

T he ubj e ct o f m e ch a nic a l d e nti st ry w a s quit e fully di scu sse d

s

a t the re c e nt m e e t i ng O f the G e o rgi a S ta te D e nta l S o ci e ty i n

,

S pi te o f the f a ct t h a t no p a p e r o n the subj e c t w a s r e a d .

T he G e or gi a d e nt i sts a pp e a r to a pp re ci a te the imp o r ta nc e o f

the subj e c t a nd t h e i r r e m a rk s a re v a lu a bl e
,
W a nt o f sp a c e .

p re v e nts u s f ro m givi ng the di scu ssi o n i n full .

D r Th o mp so n t h o ugh t the W a rd E l e c tro M e ta llic pl a t e s d e s

.
-

ti ne d to w o r k a re v o lu ti o n in thi s d e p a r tm e nt a s th e y c e rta i nly ,

fi t a m o d e l m o re p e rf e c tly t h a n sw a g e d pl a te s D r H o ll a nd . .

re m a r k e d t h a t r ubb e r i s to t he p o o r m a n wh a t the hick o ry shi rt

i s ; f o r the r ich m a n o f c o u rse no thi ng e qu a l s c o nti nu o u s gum

, , .

G iv e it to a l l w ho ca n pay f o r it a nd S h o w th e m i n wh a t re sp e c t
( 43)
44 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN T I S T RY .

it is b e st I f w e w o uld i nv a r i a bly do t hi s w e w o uld r a i se

.
,

p rot he t ic d e nti stry t o a high e r pl a ne D r A d a i r i s tryi ng to . .

t e a ch hi s p a t i e nts the di ff e re nc e b e tw e e n a a nd a

se t o f te e th We a re o r sh o uld b e the e duc ato rs O f t he p eo pl e ;

.
, ,

if w e tri e d a l l c o uld ge t pl e nty of m e ta l w or k H e t hi nk s a

,
.

g old pl a te wi th r ubb e r a tta chm e nts e qu a l to c o nt i nu o u s gum .

D r H o ll a nd ta k e s e xc e p t i o n to t hi s r e m ar k a nd t hi nk s c o nt i n
.
,

u o u s gum b e tt e r Ta k e a to ot h O ff a ny r ubb e r pl ate a nd h o ld it ‘

.

i n a fl a m e a nd no t e the e fil u v i a ! Th e re i s the w e a k p o i nt .

C o nt i nu o u s gum i s the sa m e m ate r i a l a s the too t h a nd u ni te s

p e rfe c tly wi th i t I t i s a b so lu te ly the m o st cl e a nly w or k p o ssi
.
.

bl e a nd a l so the m ost c o mf or ta bl e D r Th o mp so n ha d a g o o d . .

w o rd f or c e llul o id H e sa id i t w as f ar sup e ri or t o pi nk r ubb er

.
,

a nd i n a r t i st i c p o ssibili t i e s fully e qu a l s c o nt i nu o u s gum T o ge t .

i ts b e st r e sul ts i t S h o uld b e p re sse d i n dry h e a t b e tw e e n m e t a l

, ,

su rf a c e s I t has no Offe nsiv e sm e ll y o u a l l k no w the vil e Od or

.

o f a n ol d r ubb e r pl a t e D r C a r p e nt er sa id t h a t u nd o ub te dly
. .

r ubb e r p ro duc e s c a t arrh a l b ro nchi a l a nd t h r o a t a ff e c t i o ns a nd i s

, ,

i nj u ri o u s to the muco u s m e mb ra ne H e b e li e v e s c e llul o id i s .

o ne hu nd re d p e r c e nt b e t te r ; t h e r e i s not hi ng i nj u r i o u s i n i t
.
,

a nd he re m o v e s r ubb e r pl a t e s re pl a ci ng t he m wi t h c e llul o id to
,

g re a t a dv ant a ge D r Th o m a s supp orte d his vi e w s re ga rdi ng

. .

the i nj u r i o u s e ffe c t s O f r ubb e r pl a te s a nd r e l at e d the hi story o f ,

o ne c a se wh e r e a sm a ll r ubb e r pl a te w a s r e pl a c e d by a b r idg e ,

r e li e vi ng t he p a t i e nt of a v e ry p a i nful t h roa t a nd sto m a ch

tr o ubl e o f l o ng sta ndi ng .

T he subj e c t of c r o w ns a nd b r idge s w as a l so qui te fully di s

cu sse d b ut D r A d a i r th re w c o ld w a te r o n the b r idge w ork by
, .

a dvi si ng t he m e mb e r s to o sl o w u nt il the I nt e rna t i o na l T oo th

g
C o i s se ttl e d
. .

T he A R C HIVE S w ill e nd e a v o r t o k ee p i ts re a d e rs p oste d on

m e ch anic a l d e nti stry du r i ng the c o m i ng y e a r A go o d articl e .

o n M o d e lli ng C o mp o u nd b y D r S ta pl e s a pp e a r s i n t hi s i ssu e
,
. .
,

D J D PA TT E R S ON e di t or o f the Western D enta l Jou r na l

R . . .
, ,

ha s r e m o v e d t o ne w qu a r ter s i n R o o m s 4 04 a nd 4 05 K e i th a nd ,

P e rry Buildi ng 9th a nd W a l nu t sts W e w i sh hi m a H a ppy

, .

N e w Y e ar a nd m ay he liv e l o ng a nd p r o sp e r i n hi s ne w o ffic e
, .
 E rie f ( D e nti s t) .

D R JOHN J R PA T RI C K d e liv e re d a c o u rse o f l e ct u re s b e f or e

. . .

the D e nta l D e p art m e nt o f t he Univ e r si ty o f I o w a r e c e nt l y , .

T he stud e nts p r e se nte d him wi th a n e l e g a nt g o ld h e a d e d c a ne a s -

a to k e n o f t h e i r a pp re ci a t i o n no t t h a t h e ne e d e d i t
, .

JO U R N AL I S T I C L I T ERA T UR E T he j o u r nali stic li te ra tu re o f

—

d e nti stry i s f ar i n a dv a nc e of wh a t i t w a s y e a rs a go T he p ro .

f e ssio n a nd i ts lit e r a tu re h a v e a dv a nc e d t o g e th e r b ut t he pro ,

f e ssi on ha s no t d o ne j u st i c e by i ts li te ra t u r e .

D R BAR R E TT . .

CHLO R A PER C HA R OO T F I LL ING S

-
Chl o ra pereha d o es no t .
— —

sh r i nk no r d oe s it b e c o m e p o r o u s
, T he chl o rof o rm e v a p o ra te s .

a s the m a te r i a l i s put i n which t h e r e by b e c o m e s a st iff sub st a nc e

, ,

a nd by t he t im e the filli ng i s c o mpl e te d a l l t he sh r i nk a g e ha s ,

ta k e n pl a c e . D R M CKE L L O PS . .

TH E E LE T RO DE P O I T PLA T E
C -

m s to b e a ste p in a dv a nc e
S se e

i n p ro t h e t ic d e nt i st ry I t i nsu re s a p e rfe c t fi t o f t he m o d e l
. .

M e ta l pl ate s a re u nd o ub te dly m o re h e a l thy f o r the m o u th th a n

r ubb e r T he t e x tu re a nd stre ng th o f t he pl a te s h a v e b e e n v e ry
.

much imp ro v e d I t i s w o rth whil e to giv e i t a t ri a l

. .

M I S FI TT ING PLA T E S D r T L W e stc rfi e l d say s :

—
. A pa i r
. .

’
of sh o e s if t h e y d o n t fi t will hu r t t he f e e t
,
S o wi th pl a te s f o r
,
.

ar tifici a l t e e th I f th ey d o n t fi t no m a tte r wh a t the m a te ri a l

.
’
, ,

th ey will c a u se tro ubl e H e th o ugh t the o ld e r m e mb e rs c o uld

”
.

p ro b a bly te ll o f the sa m e difficul ti e s wi th g o ld pl a te s th a t a re so

o f te n f o u nd wi t h r u b b e r H e t hi nk s if t he r u b b e r pl a te i s m a d e
.

to fi t the m o nt h th e re will b e no t ro ubl e

, .
46 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN T I S T RY .

PROF A O H UN T w ho ha s b e e n sp e ndi ng a p o rt i o n of his

. . .
,

h o lid a y v a c a ti o n vi si ti ng his f ri e nd D r J o h n J R P at rick at , . . .

,

B e ll e vill e p a id his S t L o ui s f r i e nd s a c a ll e n p a ssa nt T he

,
.
,
.

p ro fe ssor i s l o o ki ng h al e h e arty a nd c o nte nte d M ay w e al l be

,
.

’
p ermi tte d to e nj o y m a ny re tu rns of the d o cto r s pl e a sa nt c a ll .

CHLORI D E OF Z IN C A S A R OO T F ILL I NG T l l e u se of chl o .

—

r id e o f zi nc r e qui r e s c a re I f c arri e d t h ro ugh the fora m en it

.
,

ca u se s i nfl a mm a ti on H e nc e wh en I can I fi l l the upp e r e nd

.
, ,

O f t he c a na l t h e n pl a c e c o tto n sa t u ra t e d wi t h chl o r id e i n the

,

ca vi ty f or t w o o r th re e d ay s a nd t he n I a m p re p a re d to fill it
,

sa t i sfa c to r ily I b e li e v e o xychl or id e of z inc i s the b e st

.

m a te r i a l t o fill the re m a i nd e r O f the c a na l wi t h b e c a u se i t will ,

k e e p up the e ffe c t d e si re d to b e se cu r e d D R TRU M AN . . .

GA T RO T O M Y FOR A S
S OF F AL S E TEE T H I t i s sta te d by
E T —

C o nne ct icu t p a p e r s t h at a y o u ng w o m an of B r i dge p or t a do m e s ,

ti c w ho sw a ll o w e d or t h o ugh t she sw a ll o w e d a pl at e o f f a l se
, , ,

te e t h w a s subj e c te d to t he Op era t i o n o f gastro t o my

,
wi th o u t ,

fi ndi ng the te e th S he still c o mpl a i ne d of a gonizi ng p a i n a nd

.
,

w a s se nt t o the h o spi ta l i n N e w Y ork wh e re ( the d o ct ors hav

, ,

i ng b e e n put i n t he p ossessi o n o f a l l the f a cts) a se c ond g astr o

t o my w a s p e r f o r m e d a nd o n re c o v e ry f ro m e th e r a se t of t e e t h
, ,

p r e p are d f o r the o cc asi o n w a s sh o w n her a nd she a t o nc e re cov ,

e re d f ro m a l l p a i n a nd di sc o mf o rt M edi ca l R ecor d —
.

TH E BE T m e t h o d of u si ng gu tta p e r ch a i s a s f o ll o w s A ft e r
S -

the r oo t i s re a dy f o r filli ng which p re supp o se s t h a t i t i s dry

, ,

i ntro duc e e uc a lyp to l which i s difi usi b l e a nd in which gu tta

'

, ,

p e r e ha i s sligh t ly so lubl e I n a f e w mi nu te s the e xc e ss of

.

e uc a lyp t o l i s wip e d o u t wi th fi ne p o i nte d c o tto n c o ne s a nd t h e n

-

a so lu t i o n o f gu tt a p e r ch a i n chl o r o f or m i s pump e d i n
—
Thi s .

will p e rmi t the spre a di ng of the m a te ri a l i nto a l l the a p e rtu re s

Op e ni ng o n t he roo t cana l T he c one s are no t h e ate d b ut a
-
.
,

p o i nte d i nstrum e nt which i s h eate d i s i nse r te d in the l arge e nd

o f the c o ne which i s t h e n i nserte d a nd the gu tta p e r ch a i s
,
—

sp re a d a nd diff u se d a l l t h ro ugh the r o o t D R H A R LAN . . .

 BRIEF M EN T ION . 4
P
4

CO L LEGE I N TRU T ION

i nst ruc ti o n f all s sh o rt in
S C .
—
C o l l e g0
ra c t i c u l iz i ng wh a t i s ta ugh t m o re e sp e ci a lly i n p r e v e nt iv e d e n
p
tistry di ag no si s o f su rgic a l asp e c ts a nd Op e rat iv e su rg e ry
, ,
.

Wh a t is ne e d e d i s better d e nti sts rath e r th an m or e o f th e m .

N o t d e nt i stry a l o ne b u t a l l the p ro f e ssi o ns a re c r o wd e d wi t h

,

p arti a lly e duc a te d h o ld e rs o f d e g re e s D R W H AT KIN S ON . . . . .

ALU M INU M PLA T E S D r S ta pl e s ha d b e e n i no duce d to ta k e —

.

up a lumi num by the c a se o f a l a dy f or wh o m he m a d e a g old

pl a te so m e th re e o r f o u r y e a rs a go I t w a s a n e xc e ll e nt m o u t h
,
.

to fit a nd the p a t i e nt c o mpl a i ne d a t fi r st t h a t t he pl a te w a s t oo
,

t ight I n a y e a r i t ha d to b e li ne d a s i t ha d b e c o m e S O l o ose a s
.
,

no t to st a y up w e ll Th e n j u st be fo re he star te d t o the m e e t
.
,

i ng a t L o ui svill e l a st y e a r the p a ti e nt c a m e i nto hi s o ffi c e

, ,

a g a i n wi t h he r m o u t h i n a b a d sta te
,
H e t o ld he r i t w o uld .

b e u se l e ss to t ry t o m a k e a r ubb e r pl a te a nd a dvi se d her to w a i t ,

u ntil hi s re tu rn Up o n g e t ti ng h o m e a ga i n he m a d e a pl a te o f
.
,

a lumi num w hich w a s i nser te d l ast N o v e mb e r a nd the p a ti e nt

, ,

is p e r f e c tly sa ti sfi e d Th e re ha s b e e n no tro ubl e S i nc e and it i s

.
,

no w ne a r ly a y e ar .

C AM P H o -
PH E N I Q UE .
—
E xt ra c t f ro m l e tte r r e c e iv e d f ro m D r
a .

I .D P e a r c e 1 1 1 5 M a i n stre e t
.
, ,
Kansas City M o u nd e r da te O f
,
.
,

N o v e mb e r 6th 1 889 : ,

I c o nside r C hani pho P he nique a n i ndi sp e nsibl e m e dici ne in

“ -

my c a se O f r e m e di e s I u se i t f o r l o c a l a naesth e si a i n se nsi tiv e

.

c a vi ti e s wi th as m uch succ e ss as a ny o th e r l o c a l a naesth e ti c ; a s

,

a d re ssi ng t o a l l p re p a re d c a vi ti e s b e fo re filli ng ; i n al l ro o t
c ana l s a ft e r the re m o v a l o f pul p a nd ne rv e a s a d re ssi ng i n a l l
,

p o ck e ts a b o ut the te e th a ft e r the re m o v a l o f c a lc ar e o u s de pos ,

i ts . I n fa c t i t i s no l o nge r so much the qu e stio n wi th m e wh e re ,

‘

to use it a s wh e r e no t to u se it
, ,
S o m e d e nti st a sk e d m e no t .

l o ng si nc e wh a t a nt i se p tic s a nd ge r ma c ide s I u se d I sa id
, .
,
‘
fi rst I u se C a mph o Ph o niqu e ; th e n se c o ndly I u se C a mph o
,
-

P he niq ue a nd in the thi rd pl a c e I use C a mph o P he nique If ,

-

I mu st b e co nfi ne d to o ne p re pa ra ti o n I w o uld se l e ct C a mph o ,

Phe nique .
’
48 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN T I S T RY .

ROO T F ILLING fi rst thi ng th e re f ore a f te r t he pulp i s

.
—
T he , ,

re m ov e d i s t o g e t r i d o f a s much o f the c o nt e nt s o f t he t ubuli

as p ossibl e Fo r t hi s pu rp o se t h e r e i s no thi ng b e tte r th a n h e a t

. .

D ry t he t oo t h wi t h t he ho t a ir sy r i ng e a nd t h e n p a ss up a roo t
—

d ri e r a f te r w hich tre at t he ro o t a nt i se p tic a lly I am in the

,
.

h a b i t o f fi l li ng a l w ay s w i t h o xychl or id e o f z i nc b e ca u se o f the ,

a nt i se p t ic ch a r a c t e r o f t he chl o rid e I t will p re ve nt f ur ther .

d e c o mp osi ti o n a s f ar as a nything I k no w o f I f the d e nt i ne .

i s m a d e p e r f e ct ly a nt i se p t ic a p o i nt whic h i s t o o Of te n o v e r
,

l o o k e d no fu rth e r tr o ubl e ne e d b e a pp re h e nd e d I n c a se s
,
.

w he re the pulp ha s b e e n l o ng d e a d a nd t he t ubuli a r e fill e d wi th ,

d e a d a nd d e c o mp o si ng o r ga nic m atte r I i nj e c t p e ro xid e o f ,

h y d roge n d ryi ng the r o o t t h o ro ughly fi rst T he p e ro xid e will

,
.

r e a ch i t r e a dily a nd d r iv e i t o u t t he i nj e c ti o ns b e i ng r e p e a t e d
,

a s l o ng as t h e r e i s a n
y i ndi c a t i o n of de co m po se d m a tt e r .
.

DR W W A LL P ORT . . . .

O B IT UARY .

WILLIA M A PEA S E di e d o f p ne um o ni a a t D ay to n O hi o
.
, , ,

N o v e mb e r 29th 1 889 in the se ve nty fi rst y e ar of hisa ge

, ,
-
.

D r P e ase w as b or n i n N o rf o lk C o nn
. i n 1 81 8 A f te r ,
.
,
.

o b t a i ni ng a cl a ssic a l e d u c a t i o n he studi e d m e dici ne a nd r ac

,p
t ic e d i n N e w Y o r k f ro m 1 84 7 t o 1 84 9 H e th e n m o v e d to .

D ay to n O hi o wh e re b e p ra c t ic e d d e nti stry up to the t im e of

, ,

his d e a th .

D r P e a se w a s o ne of t he o r g a niz e r s o f the A m e r ic a n D e nt a l
.

A sso ci at i on w a s a c a re ful stud e nt a nd c ontribu te d l a rge ly to

, ,

d e nt a l a nd m e dic a l li te ra t u re H e l e a v e s a wife a nd t h re e.

child re n .
 S UC C E S S O R TO

Missouri D enta l J ourna l , a l so Cons ol i da te d wi th lll e w E ng l a nd J ourna l of D e ntistr

y .

VOL . VI I ,
N O . 2 ] F E BR UARY ,
1 890 . N E W SERIE S
[ .

sc a i ti cI s -
.

I MM E D IATE S E PARATION OF T HE T EE T H .

B Y D R H A PARR NE W YO K . . .
, R .

T he t e mp o r a ry p a ra ti o n o f the te e th by p re ssu re du ri ng
se

o p e ra ti o ns i n t he m o u t h i s a p ro c e ss whi ch d a te s a s t o filli ng ,

o p e ra ti o ns a t l e a st f ro m t he d a y s O f D r E l e a z a r P a r m l P er
, y . .

m a ne nt se p a ra ti o n by the fi l e i s o f c o u rse o f a much e a rl ie r

, ,

d ate ; b ut i t i s p ro b a bl e th a t te mp ora ry se p a ra ti o n f o r pu re ly
o p e ra t iv e re aso ns i s no t much if a ny o ld e r tha n t he tim e
, ,

na m e d .

T e mp o ra ry se p a ra ti o n w a s fi rst i nte nd e d a nd u se d to a l l o w o f
re a di e r a cc e ss t o p ro x im a l c a vi ti e s in o rde r to i nsu re m o re
,

a ccu ra te w o r k a nd b e t te r r e sul ts t h a n w e re g e ne ra lly p o s sibl e

"
wi th o u t fi rst se cu r i ng such sp a c e T he vul ne ra bl e p o i nt in .
“

p ro x im a l filli ng s o r c a vi ti e s e a rly b e c a m e a pp a re nt a nd i t .

w a s so o n re c o g niz e d th a t re a dy a nd a s v a cc e t p ro x im o ‘
ss o

*
R e ad b e f o re S o c ic t v .
50 TH E AR C H I VE S OF DEN T I S T RY .

c e rvic a l m a rgi ns w a s i n m a ny ca se s a b solu te ly ne c e ssary to a

, ,

p ro p e r p re p a ra ti on of the c a vi ty a t thi s p o i nt T he re cu rre nc e .

O f d e c a y a t th o se m a rgi ns o f filli ng s f r o m the h a nd s o f e v e nt he ,

b est o p e rator s w a s so fr e qu e nt a s to i nci te al l to e nd e a v o r to

,

p re v e nt wh at b a d e f a i r to se ri o u sly i nj u re the re pu tati on O f g o ld

O p e ra t i o ns f o r p e r m a ne ncy S uch Op e ra t i o ns o wi ng to imp ro v e
.
,

m e nts i n the m a te r i a l a nd i nstr um e nts th e re for to i nc r e ase d ,

k no wl e dg e a nd a pp re ci ati on of the c a p a bili t i e s o f d e nta l p ra c tic e ,

b oth p rof e ssi o na l a nd p o pul ar a nd to v ari o u s o th e r c a u se s w e re

, ,

fast b e c o mi ng much m ore u su al m ore e x te nsiv e a nd I m ay , , ,

sa
y
,
b o ld e r t h
,
a n ha d b e e n p ra c t ic e d e v e n a f e w y e ars b e f o re ;

a nd t h e se f a c ts d e m a nd e d t h a t i nc r e ase d c are a nd skill i n t he u se

O f b e t t er a nd m o r e c a p a bl e m a te r i a l s a nd i nstr um e nts sh o uld b e

re w a r d e d by c o rr e sp o ndi ngly gr e a te r succ e ss i n a tt a i ni ng re su l st .

o f p e r m a ne ncy i n o u r filli ng o p e ra t i o ns .

T 0 t hi s e nd the g re a te st e ffo rts We re di re cte d N umb e rl e ss .

p a p e r s w e re w ri tte n a nd di scu ssi o ns h e ld up o n the t re a t m e nt of

,

t he c e r vic a l m argi n i n p r o xim a l o p e r a t i o ns a nd m a ny sch e m e s

f or a v o idi ng f a ilu re h e r e w e re a dv a nc e d O ne o f the chi e f .

o f t h e se ,
a nd p e r h a p s a s Of te n p r a c t ic e d as a n
y w a s the u se ,

of so m e m a te r i a l m o r e e a sily m a nipul a t e d t h a n g o ld a t the

“
vul ner abl e p o i nt f o r so the p ro xi m o c e rvic a l m argi n c a m e
,
” -

t o b e na m e d T i n a nd a m a lg a m gu tta p e r ch a a nd the o t h e r
.
,
-

pl ast ic s w e re tr i e d wi th v e ry qu e st i o na bl e succ e ss e v e n up to ,

l a te y e ars I nd ee d i t i s pro b a bly tr u e t hat m any o p e ra to rs e v e n

.
,

no w ha bi tu a lly r e ly up o n the se m a te r i a l s i n c a se s p r e se nt i ng
m o re th a n u su al diffi cul ti e s .

B ut the f a c t t h at the c a u se of f a ilu re i n p ro xim o c e r vic a l —

o p e ra t i o ns li e s m o re Oft e n i n d e f e c tiv e m a nipul a t i on t h a n i n

d e f e ct iv e m a t e r i a l s so o n b e c a m e a pp a re nt
,
A p ro mi nent Opp o .

ne nt o f gol d a s a filli ng m a te r i a l w a s w o nt t o t wi t his g o ld w o r k -

i ng conf r eres wi th t hi s a ck no wl e dgm e nt a s e vid e nc e t h a t g o ld ,

w a s a b a d m a t e r i a l f o r suc h c a se s a nd p o si t i o n s B ut t hi s .

“
d e f e c tiv e m a nipul a ti o n i s no w r e c og niz e d t o l ie a s much a t ,

l e a st i n f a ul ty p re p ara ti o n of the c a vi ty at na tu r ally w e a k

,

p o i nt s a s i n a ny d e f e c ts i n o r difficul ty i n h andli ng O f the

, , ,

m a te r i a l s e mpl oy e d H e nce it b e c o m es a pp a re nt th a t pr o p e r
.

p re p a rati o ns of the c a vi ty i s a b so lu te ly ne c e ssa ry to a succ e ss

 SO C IE T IE S . 51

f ul Op era ti o n a nd th a t a ny Ob sta cl e s to such p ro p er p re p a ra t i o n

,

mu st be re m o v e d b e fore a re a so na bl e d e gre e O f p er m a ne nc e ca n
b e assu re d f o r t he r e sul ti ng Op e ra ti o ns N o w t he chi e f o b st a .
,

e l c to e ff e c t iv e w o r k a t p ro xi m o c e r vic a l m ar gi ns i s g e ne ra lly -
~
, ,

w a nt of sp a c e b e tw e e n the te e th to a ll o w o f e ffe ctiv e i nstru m e n

t a l m a nipul a t i o n a nd a cc e ss o f su fii ci e nt light to the p o i nt u nd er
,

p re p ara ti on B e sid e s thi s a too cl ose p o si t i on o f c o ntiguou s

.
,

t e e t h Oft e n e nt i re ly p re v e nt s a ny e ffe c t iv e sc r u t i ny o f e i t h er the

m o v e m e nts o f o u r i nstr um e nts; or o f e v e n the re sul ts o bt a i ne d
by th e m a f te r t h e i r wi thd ra w a l T he w e ll k no w n a ph o r i sm O f .
-

the l a te D r E J Du nni ng will b e re m e mb e re d Pe r ce p ti on at “

. .
,
.

t he p o i nt T he cu tt i ng e dge of the e xc a v a t or a s w e ll a s the

”
,
.

p oi nt of the plugge r sh o uld b e pl a i nly se e n a t its e v e ry m o v e

,

m e nt Thu s o nly ca n w e k no w w e h a v e a cc o mpli sh e d our inte n

.

t i o ns i n b o th the p re p ara t i o n a nd filli ng o f c a vi t i e s

,
.

Th e se c onsid e rat i ons a nd m or e e sp eci ally the l att er o ne

, ,

re a dy a cc e ss of vi si on to the wh o l e i nt e ri or o f the c a vi ty ,

p o i nt e d to the Obt a i ni ng O f sp a c e b e tw e e n te e th as the o nly re l i

a bly e fi e ct u a l p r e v e nt iv e o f f a ilu re i n o p e r a t i o ns i n such l o c a

t i o ns th a t i s to say t h a t p ro p e r sp a c e f o r w or k a nd sight b e i ng
,

o b t a i ne d t he re sul ti ng o p e ra t i ons c o uld b e c o nduc te d t o a su c

,

ce ssf ul t e r mi na t i on but t h a t wi th o u t such sp a c e th e y c o uld no t

,

b e so c onduct e d H ence sp ra ng the Op e ra t i o n of se p arati onf or

.
,

filli ng .

T he o ld e r m e th o d o f r e m o vi ng a p o rt i o n o f the p ro xim a l
f a c e of a te e th or te e th by the fi l e is w e ll k no w n a nd has b e e n
.

, , ,

a nd i s wid e ly p ra c t ic e d
,
I n m a ny c ase s i nf a c t t hi s i s the o nly
.
, ,

a v a il a bl e c o u r se ; a s f or i nst a nc e wh e re d e c a y a nd so f te ni ng
, ,

ha s i nv a d e d the wh o l e p r o xim a l f a c e of a to o th l e a vi ng c a vi ty ,

e dg e s t oo t hi n a nd f ri a bl e p ro p e rly to re c e iv e o r re ta i n the fi l l

ing . But in o th e r c ase s no such Opp o r tu ni ty f o r the u se o f the

,

til e i s Offe re d a nd i n such t e mp o ra ry se p a ra ti o n b y so m e , ,

m e a ns b e c o m e s i ne vi ta bl e
,
Thi s w a s f or m e rly e ff e c te d b y.

w e dg e s e i th e r h a r d or so f t t he f or m e r o f w o o d
,
t he l a tte r o f
, ,

c o tto n rubb e r e tc
, T he m e th o d o f se p a ra ti ng by so f t w e dgi ng
,
.

is a sl o w o p e ra ti o n o f te n re qui ri ng m a ny d ay s f o r i ts c o mpl e t e
,

a t ta i nm e nt ; no r i s it a lw a y s a pplic a bl e f ro m v a ri o u s p r e v e nt iv e ,

c au e s
s I t w a s f o r a c o nsid e ra bl e tim e h e ld to b e t he b e t
. s
52 TH E AR C H I VE S OF DEN TI S TR Y .

m e th o d h a vi ng cl a im e d f or i t c o mp ara t iv e e x e m p ti on from
,

d ange r of e xci ti ng i nfl a mm atory a c t i on a s w e ll a s b e i ng sa id to ,

b e much l e ss p a i nful and o bj ect i o na bl e to the p a t i e nt w h e re a s

q i ck se p a r a t i o n by w o o d w e dg e s w a s h e ld to b e d a ng e r o u s ,

i nfl a mm a to ry and p a i nful A ll t hi s m ay h a v e c o nt a i ne d a m e as
.

ur e of t ruth wh e n a pp l i e d i n c o mp ar i son o f c o t t o n or r ubb er

wi th w o o d d r iv e n by the m a ll e t S i nc e c are l e ss u nskillful o r , ,

u ntim e ly u se of the l a tte r i s c e r ta i nly c a p a bl e O f e ff e c t i ng much

mi schi e f B ut m ore e x te nd e d e mpl oym e nt of the tw o m e th o d s
.

di scl o se d wh at se e m s to b e no w a g e ne ra lly u nd o ub te d f a ct th a t ,

wh e n the quick m e th o d O f se p a rati o n i s p ro p erly a ppli e d the ,

a b o v e v e r dict sh o uld b e e x a c t ly r e v e r se d Qui ck se p ara t i on .

,

i nd e e d wh en c ar e fully a nd skillfully e fle cte d e v e n wi th w e dg e s

, ,

of w o o d i s much l e ss p a i nful a nd Obj e c t i o na bl e to the p a t i e nt

, ,

a nd c a rr i e s wi t h i t much l e ss o f d a ng e r t o the t i ssu e s i nv o lv e d

th an t he S l o w e r a nd m or e e ndu ri ng a ct i o n o f sw e lli ng c o tton o r

e l ast ic r ubb er .

T he fi rst a nd f or a l o ng t im e t he o nly m e ch a nic a l a ppli a nc e

,

d e vi se d t o e ffe c t quick te mp o rary se p ar at i on w a s the w e ll ,

k no w n se p ar a to rs of D r O A J ar vi s Fo r so m e t im e the se
. . . .

w e re so e ffe ctu a l a s c o mp a re d wi th o ld e r m e th od s th at no t
, ,

wi thsta ndi ng th e i r num ero u s d e f e c ts no thi ng e l se w a s tho ug ht ,

o f t o t ak e the i r pl a c e B u t fi na lly i t w a s di sc o v e r e d th a t t h e y
.

w e r e ge ne ra lly clum sy of te n i n the w ay w he n i n pl a c e no t a t

, ,

a l l a pplic a bl e i n m a ny c a ses a nd no t Of te n w e ll fi tti n w he nt he y

g
-

c o uld b e u se d F ro m thi s l a tte r d e f e ct i t w as ne c e ssary tha t

.

se v e r a l diff ere nt siz e s a nd f o r m s mu st b e ha d i n o r d e r t o m e e t

v aryi ng ne e d s Al so u nd e r the m o st f a v ora bl e ci r cum sta nce s

.
,

f or the i r fa v or a bl e e mpl oym e nt the sp a c e th e y w e re a bl e to ,

o b ta i n w a s re a te l limi t e d i n v a lu e by t h e i r p e culi ar c o nstr u e

g y
t i o n whil e t h e i r a pplic a ti o n w a s o f te n p a i nful a nd t h e y w e re
,
,

w e a k a nd S l o w i n a c ti on ,

Wi thi n a S h or t t im e thre e oth e r se p ara tor s h av e b e e n d e vi se d

, .

g re atly sup er i o r to the o th e r f orm s much m o r e p o w e rful a nd ,

c e r ta i n i n a cti on a nd i n a lm ost al l w a y s c onst i tu ti ng e fli cie nt

,

i nstr um e nts f o r the i r pu rp ose s A s tw o o f the m ar e ne a rly e o n

.

t e mp o ra r y wi th my o w n which I a m a b o u t to d e sc r ib e i t will
, ,

no t b e ne c e ssa ry i nd e e d i t w o uld b e p re sump t i o u s f o r m e t o

, ,
 SO C IE T I E S .

dil a te up o n a ny p ossibl e d e f e c ts i n t h e i r c o nstruc ti o n a nd a c ti o n ,

e sp e ci a lly si nc e I a m gl a d t o sa y I c a n fi nd so li ttl e t o b e sa id
, ,

a g a i nst t h e m U pon one p o i nt c omm on to both h o w e v e r I

.
, , ,

will sp e a k S i nc e it c o nstitu te s a c ar di na l p o i nt of difle re nce

,

b e twe e n th e m a nd my o wn a nd t h a t i s t h a t ea ch of th e se for m s ,

re qui re a se p a r a t e i nst r um e nt f or diff e re nt siz es a nd cl asse s o f

te e t h . Thi s i s a n o bj e c ti o n which t h e y S h are e qu a lly wi th t he

tim e h o no re d J a r vi s se p a r at o rs
-

My o w n se p a ra t or I m ay b r i e fly d e sc r ib e a s f o ll o w s T he ca r
di na l a dv a nta ge of thi s se p ara to r i s th a t it i s re a dily a nd ea sily
,

a pplic a bl e t o a ny a nd al l t e e t h i n a ny a nd a l l p o siti o ns or e v e n
, ,

e xc e ssiv e m a lp o siti o ns I h a v e ye t to se e the c a se r e qui r i ng

.

se p ar a t i o n t o which it c a nnot b e a ppli e d a nd i n which it will no t ,

a ct e ffici e nt ly I t m ay b e S O t wi ste d o r t il t e d i n i ts a ppli c a t i o n

.

as t o a v o id e m b arassi n c o nt a c t of t h c o nne c t i ng b ow w i t h
g e
'

a dj a c e nt te e th a nd m ay a l so be re a dily so pl a c e d as t o r e m o v e
,

the b o w c o mpl e t e ly o u t o f the w ay of o p e ra ti o ns Thi s a dv a n .

t ag e i s o f te n e sp e ci ally no tic e a bl e i n c ases of se p ar a ti o n f o r fi l l

ing of the i nci so r s a s w e ll a s i n l ar g e c o mp o u nd m o l a r filli ng s
,
.

I n t he c a se of i rre gul ar a nd c r o wd e d t e e th thi s i nstr um e nt i s ,

e sp e ci a lly a pplic a bl e a nd e fli ci e nt .

A n e ffici e nt a nd e asily a ppli e d se p ar a t o r m ay b e m a d e to ful

fill i ndic a ti ons not u su ally c onne c te d I n id e a wi th such a n i nstru
m e nt But it i s so m e tim e s u se d a nd sh o uld b e much m o re
.
,

of te n so u se d th a n it i s i n se p ara t i ng t e e t h du r i ng e x a mi na t i o ns
, ,

to d e te ct p r o xim a l d e c a y M o re m o m e nta ry or tra nsi e nt

.

e mpl oym e nt O f se p ara t o rs h o w e v e r ha s no t b e e n o bt a i ne d

, , ,

p ro b a bly b e c a u se of difficul ti es in a pplic a ti on o r m anipul a ti on .

My o w n sep arator i s so e a sily and quickly a ppli e d in al l c a ses ,

a s t o th r o w Op e n t o the Op e r a t o r p ossibiliti e s i n se p ara ti o n o f

which he has no t hi th e rto b e e n a bl e t o re a dily a v a il him se lf .

Thu s f or i nsta nc e i n a pplyi ng the rubber da m sh o uld tw o te e th

,
, ,

b e so cl ose a s to c a u se di ffi cul ty in f or ci ng the r ubb e r b e tw e e n

th e m the se p a ra tor may b e a ppl i e d i n a m o m e nt the sligh t
, ,

sp a c e ne e d e d b e a t o nc e o b ta i ne d a nd the da m stre t ch e d o n
,

a b o v e the i nst r um e nt whi ch m a t h e n b e withd ra w n t o a ll w

,y o

the r ubb e r to se t d o w n to pl a c e o r if ne c essa ry r e pl a c e d o v e r

, , ,

the da m e ith er to g a i n m o re sp a c e o r to a c t as a cl a mp o r re ta i ne r
,

f O I the da m 0 1 b o th
,
.
 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN T I S T RY .

Ag a i n t h e re i s so m e ti m es a difficul ty i n a pplyi ng re gul a ti ng

,

a ppli a nc e s e sp e ci a lly wh e r e t hi n str ip s o f m e ta l a r e t o b e p a sse d

,

b e t w e e n te e th e i th e r t o serv e a s anch or i ng b a nd s f or oth er po r

,

t i o ns o f the a ppli a nc e o r as Io o p s or t i e s by which t o d ra w the

t e e t h i n a ny g iv e n di re c t i o n H e re an applica t i on of the se p
.
,

a ra tor quickly g a i ns the sp a c e d e si re d a nd t he i nst r um e nt i s ,

.

r e a dily wi thd r a w n wh e n the a ppli a nc e i s p r o p e r ly si t u a t e d .

Anoth er unwonte d u se of sep arators and one to which thi s ,

i nstrum e nt i s r e a dily applica bl e i s the h oldi ng in p osi t i o n o f ,

e x te mp o r iz e d m a tr ic e s f or filli ng Th e se a re r ea dily m ad e f ro m .

pi e ce s of broa d se p ar a t i ng sa w s or fil e s str ip s of h ar d w o o d , ,

r ubb e r ,
or c e llul o id or e v e n pi e c e s o f t hi n p a t t e rn m e ta l
, If .

ne c e ssary the sa w s or fil e s m ay b e soft e ne d i na strong fl a m e a nd

,

b ent i nto any d e si re d c ontour f or the f a c e of the p ro p o se d filli ng

a nd to fi t the m a r gi ns o f the c a vi ty o r the w oo d r ubb e r e tc , ,
.
,

m ay b e shappe d by cu tti ng a nd fili ng t o the sa m e e nd s T he .

se p ara t o r m e anwhil e h o ld s the t e e th w e ll a p ar t t o a ll o w of such

,

fi tti ng a nd a f te rwa r d a ppli e d o v e r the r ubb er dam and b e tw e e n

,

the m a trix w h e n i n pl a c e a nd the Opp osi ng t o o th will a t o ne , ,

and the sa m e o p e r at i o n g a i n a ny d e si r e d sp a c e f or m a nipul a t i o n

, ,

fi rm ly h o ld the m atrix i n its p osi ti on a nd act a s a cl a mp f o r the ,

pre vi ou sly a ppli e d r ubb er dam .

A succe ssfully conduct e d Op era ti on lik e the a b o v e d e scrib e d ,

i n a difficul t c a se will p ro b a bly c a u se t he o p e r a t or t o thi nk th a t

,

the na m e Univ ersa l which I h a v e appli e d to thi s i nstru m e nt

,
”
,

c annot b e c onsid e re d e xtra v a gant .

Sl o w se p ar at i o n Of te n l e a v e s the te e th sp a c e d f or life T he .

t i ssu e b e c o m e s o ssi fi e d Sl o w se p ara ti on p r o duce s i nfl am m ati o n

.
,

a nd su ppu rra ti o n a lw ay s f o ll o w s t o so m e e xt e nt a nd the t e e t h ,

h av e o f te n to b e tra i ne d b a ck o r l e f t i rre gul ar .

LOUI S IAN AST A T E D E N T AL S O C IE TY .

T he fif th a nnu a l m e e t i ng o f the L o ui si a na S ta te D e nta l S o ci e ty

will b e h e ld in N e w O rl e a ns o n the 1 9th 2 0th and 2 l st o f Fe b , , ,

r ua ry ,
1 890 T he p r o g ra mm e will c o nsi st O f re p orts f ro m
.

c ommi tte e s e ssay s cl inic s and di spl ay s o f d ent a l sp e ci a l ti e s

, , ,
.

M e mb ers O f t he d e nta l p ro f e ssi on are i nvi te d .

J G M C CUL LO C H R ecor di ng S ecr eta ry

’
. .
,
.
 SO C IE T IE S . 55

P RA CT I C AL HIN TS G AINE D IN T HE D EN T AL
LA B ORAT ORY .
*

B Y w M B AR TLE TT
. .
,

M i sso ur i D enta l C ol l ege, C l a ss of 1 889 90-

To the Ofii eers a nd Jll e mbers f

o the S tu dents S oci ety o
f tbe
. Mi s
sou r i D enta l Col l ege .

Wh e n I co mm e nc e d the studyo f the m e ch a nic a l b ra nch o f t he

p ro fe ssi on O f d e nti st ry I w a s m ad e to u nde r st a nd t h a t di scipli ne

,

a nd o r d e r w e re the c or ne r sto ne s i n the f o u nd a t i o n o f a succ e ss

-

ful ca re e r a nd up on th ese c orne r sto ne s I h a v e e nd e a v ore d day

—
,

by day to c o mpl e t e my stru c tu re

,
A f ter a l a p se of tim e the
.
,

o b se rv a nc e O f o r d e r b e c a m e a h a bit to m e i nst e a d of a t a sk a s I ,

f o und th a t i t w a s imp o ssibl e to a cc o mpli sh any t hi ng wh e re di s

ord e r p re va il e d Wh en my p re c e pt or sa w t h a t I ha d l e a rne d
.

th a t th ere w a s such a thi ng a s o r d e r I w a s giv e n a ch a nc e t o ,

’
m ak e my fi rst a tta c k up on so m e p oor m or ta l s j a w a nd f ro m t hi s ,

p e ri o d i n my c aree r to the p re se nt I h a v e b ee n picki ng up p ra e ,

~

t ic a l sugg e st i o ns h e re a nd t h e r e so m e f e w o f which I no w o ffe r

,

a s my c o nt r ibu t i o n t o o u r S o ci e ty .

I t i s ne e dl e ss f or m e to d e v o t e much t im e to a di scu ssi o n of

the c o mp a ra t iv e m e r i ts of the difi e r e nt imp r e ssi o n m a t e r i a l s I .
,

my se lf a m a stro ng a d v o c ate f o r the u se o f pl ast e r of p ar i s

,
.

Wh en I t a k e an imp re ssi on wi th thi s m a te ri al I f e e l sat i sfi e d th a t ,

a l l i s w e ll a nd th i s ca n b e sa id o f no o t h e r i mp re ssi o n m a te r i a l
,

no w i n u se .

Pl a st e r p ari s sh o uld b e u se d i n such a m a nner t h a t p re s

of

su re m a
y b e b ro ught t o b e a r u p on the so ft p a rts of the m o nth ,

so as t o f o r c e th e m i nto p ro p er p osi t i o n e xc e pti ng i n c a se s ,

wh e re y ou e nc o u nte r a sof t fl a bby r idge wh e n the pl aste r o f a

, , ,
.

consi st e ncy of thi ck c re a m sh o uld b e u se d thu s a v o idi ng the

, ,

li ability o f di spl a ci ng the r idge o r fl a bby p o rti o ns o f the m o u th .

For a rt icul a ti o ns u se w a x ; f o r so m e tim e s i n re m o vi ng a n

,

a rticul a ti o n f ro m the m o u th i t b e nd s a nd if m a d e in w a x ca n
, , , ,

v e ry e asily b e pu t b a ck i nt o p ro p e r S h a p e up o nthe pl a ste r m o d e l .

Sh o uld y o u u se m o ldi ng c o mp o u nd ( M a gni fiquc) a nd by ch a nc e

* R e ad
c
b e f ore t h e S t ud e nt s S o i e ty , M i sso ur i D e nt al C ol l e g e , D e ce m
b er , 1 889 .
56 TH E A R CH I V
E S OF DE N TI S R T Y .

be nd it , y o u will a lw ay s h a v e tro ubl e in r e a dj u sti ng it to y o u r

c a st to say not hi ng of the r i sk o f sp o ili ng i t a l tog e th e r
,
.

T he t ryi ng of e v e r y c ase i n t he m o u t h b e f or e c o mpl e t i ng it i s

u nne c e ssa ry I o nly try i n such c a ses as I c onsid e r diffi cul t
.

o ne s . T ry t o a cqui re the h a bi t O f se tt i ng up t e e t h so t h a t y ou
will no t h a v e to d e p e nd o n y o u r p a t i e nts r e tu rni ng to assu re y ou
th a t t h e y a r e sat i sf a c tor ily se t i n p o si t i o n I f y o u so c o mm e nc e
.
,

by tryi ng in e v ery c a se yo u will ne v er m a k e much h e a d way ; f or

,

i nste a d of a dj u sti ng y o u r t e e t h a t fi rst you wi ll c o ntra ct the ,

h abi t o f p ostp oni ng all t h at w or k u ntil y o u r p a t i e nt c o m e s to go

th r o ugh t he tr yi ng i n act a nd a ft e r i t i s al l d o ne y o u h a v e no t
-

, ,

a cc o mpli sh e d m ore t h a n c o uld h a v e b e e n d o ne wi t h o u t a tr i a l ha d ,

y o u l e ar ne d t o c ar ry t he f e a t u r e s o f y o u r p a t i e nt i n mi nd wh e n

y o u t o o k y o u r imp ressi o n a nd a rt icul at i o n G e ntl e m e n my .

,

a dvic e t o y o u i s t hi s wh e n y ou gr i nd a t o o th gr i nd i t t o r e m a i n
, , ,

a nd f e e l a ssu re d t h a t y o u h a v e se t i t i n a p o sit i o n wh e r e a ch a ng e

will not b e ne c e ssary .

I n g r i ndi ng gum bl o ck t e e th I p re f e r a V j o i nt a s I b e li e v e
,
-

i t i s m o re e asily k e p t cl e a n t h a n a fla t o ne I alw ay s p a ck my
.

j o i nts o n b oth sid e s p a l a ti ne a nd l a bi a l wi t h pl aster the l a bi a l

, , ,

sid e a lw ay s b e f ore flaski ng .

After a n e xp er i ence of so m e l eng th I fi nd th at the b re a ki ng of

,

se c t i o ns o f gum t e e th i s d ue t o the l a ppi ng of r ubb e r t o o f a r o v er

the gum a nd no t to pr e ssu re

,
I h a ve a l so fo u nd in my m any
.

e xp er im e nts t h a t t he sudd e n c o oli ng o f the v ul c a ni t e d o e s not

c au se the numb er O f b re a k a ges th at gra du a l c o o li ng d oes O f .

c o u rse it i s a l l du e to c ontra ct i o n a nd stra ng e to say I fi nd tha t ,

wh e n r ubb er i s c o ol e d sudd e nly the c ontra ct i on i s not so gre at

,
.

If so it mu st b e e qu al i n a l l di re cti ons
, .

T o a v o id the b rea ki ng of the bl o ck s w a x y o u r c ase so t h at,

wh e n vulc aniz e d t h e r e will b e only r ubb e r e no ugh to l ap o v e r

the m ar gi ns; a nd I d a r e say t h at if y ou fo ll o w t hi s r ul e i n p r a e
"

tic e y o u wi ll not th i nk o f H a d e s wh e n y ou o p e n y o u r fl a sk
, .

I n p a cki ng p a rt i a l c ases wi t h bl a ck r ubb e r y ou will Of te n ,

not ic e t h a t a ft e r th e y a re vul c a niz e d the r ubb er has d ra wn a w ay

f ro m the pi ns a nd l e f t the too th i n a l oo se co ndi ti on : to a vo id
thi s p a ck a ro u nd the pi ns a sm a ll pi e c e o f r ed r ubb e r a nd y o u
, ,

wi ll h a v e no l oo se te e th th e re b e i ng l e ss co ntra ct i o n i n the re d
,

th an bl a ck rubb e r thu s aff o r di ng a b e tte r h o ld o n t he pi ns

, .
 SO C IE T IE S . 57

T he pa cki ng o f ca se s i s a pi e c e o f w o rk
. which re qui r e s c o n
side ra b l e p ra c t ic e to e na bl e the o p e ra tor to b e c o m e e x a ct i n his
m e asu re m e nt o f the a m o u nt o f r ubb e r to b e u se d A go o d .

guid e i s to a lw ay s sa v e the pi e c e o f w a x ta k e n f ro m the fl a sk ,

a nd i n r e m o vi ng i t try to p re se r v e i ts sh a p e so a s t o giv e y o u
, ,

a lm o st a n e x a c t id e a o f the a m o u nt o f r ubb e r r e qui r e d DO .

a w ay wi th the m e a su re m e nt s t h a t o u r t e x t b o o k s r e f e r to D r
- —
.

’
S tarr s gu a ge .

I once a sk e d a d e nti st ho w b e pa ck e d his rubb e r c ase s and in ,

wh at w ay b e gu e sse d hi s r ubb e r a ll o w anc e H e told m e th at .

“

he did not gu e ss a t al l but u se d D r S tarr s g a ug e

,
’
. I ask e d .

him how he a cc o u nte d f or the w ax th a t so m e ti m e s clu ng to the

pl aster a nd w a s w ash e d a w ay W el l sa id he th a t much of
”
.
“
, ,

it I do gu e ss a t .
”
G entl e m e n if you h a v e a ny gu e ssi ng to do
, ,

y o u m a
y a s w e ll d o it a l l by gu e ss a s i t a m o u n t s to the sa m e
,

i n the l o ng r un .

I n r e p a i r i ng c a se s wh e re a se ct i o n of the r i m i s b ro k e n o ff a ,

full upp er or l o w e r d e ntu re a nd c annot b e r e a ch e d f ro m b e hi nd

, ,

I consider the fo ll o wi ng m e th o d a v e ry e ffici e nt one : Re m o ve

a p ort i o n of the ri m wh e r e b r o k e n a nd o n e a ch sid e o f the
,

re m o v e d se c t i o n b e v e l d o w n to a fe ath er e dge I n t hi s b e v
,
-
.

e l ed p o rt i o n d r ill se v e ra l sm a ll h o l e s a nd t h e re i n p ro c e e d t o

p a ck the r ubb e r a nd c onti nu e p a cki ng u ntil the re m o v e d p orti o n

,

i s b r idg e d o v e r and u nit e d with t he o th e r S id e A fte r h a vi ng .

a dd e d the r e qui re d a m o u n t o f r ubb e r t a k e a ho t bu rni sh e r a nd

,

sm ooth d o w n t he su rf a c e a s t h o ugh i t w e re w a x a nd t h e n i nv e st ,

i t in a fl a sk in o ne m ass of pl ast er ; a ft e r the pl a ste r ha s

th oro ughly se t v ulc a niz e
, By d o i ng thi s I sa v e tim e a nd
.

u nne c essary l a b or I a l way s m a k e my pl aste r m o d e l b e f o re

.

re m o vi ng the b ro k e n pi e c e s o f pl a te a s u su a lly d o ne i n m ost

,

re p a i ri ng c a se s . Th e re are hu nd re d s of w a y s of re p a i r i ng pl a te s ,

b ut thi s o ne I c o nsid e r esp e ci a lly w o r thy of m e nt i o n .

A v e ry u se f ul thi ng to u se in al l re p a i ri ng case s I fi nd is the , ,

liquid r ubb e r Pa i nt the su rf a c e s wh e re yo u wi sh y ou r r ubb e r

.

to a dh e re with it a nd y o u c a n t h e n v e ry e asily p a ck y o u r pi e c e
, ,

wi th o ut the u se o f h e a t a nd a t the sa m e tim e a ff o rd a fi rm e r

,

u ni o n b e tw e e n the O l d a nd ne w rubb e r .

Fo r di e s I b e li e v e t he b e st m e t a l th a t ca n b e u se d i s B a bbit t s ’
,
58 THE A R C H I V E S OF DE N T T
I S R Y .

i f ric ti on m e tal as th e re i s so li ttl e c ontra ct i on ’

T is tru e
or a nt -

,
.

t h a t i t i s f o u r tim e s as e xp e nsiv e as zi nc b ut the g o o d r e sul ts ,

’
o b t a i na bl e by the u se o f B a bbi tt s m e t a l o ff se t the e x tr a e xp e nse .

T he b e st sub sta nc e to u se f o r m a ki ng m old s i n which t o c ast

di e s i s m arbl e du st I t i s cl e an and a s it a b so rb s c o nside r a bl e
,
.
,

m o i stu re fro m the a tm osph e re can b e k e p t i n a m o i st c ondi ti o n

,

wi th o ut m uch tro ubl e .

T he bl o w pip e which I p r e f e r i s M cC o mb er s ; o ne t h at c a n b e
-
’

a dj u ste d t o any gas b ra ck e t a nd b r o ugh t i nt o c onv e ni e nt u se

,

wi th ou t much attent i on u si ng the m o u th a nd lungs to supply

,

the a ir I consid er it much safer th an a b e ll o w s bl o w pip e f or

.
-

t h a t pu rp o se f or y ou ca n m ore r e a dily r e gul a te the fl a m e

,
t hu s
a v o idi ng u nne c e ssar y a nxi e ty l e st yo u sh o ul d bu r n y o u r pl a t e .

T he b e ll o w s i s only h andy i n so ld e ri ng a c ase f o r c ont i nu o u s

gum wh er e i t re qui res t im e to do the re qui r e d fu si ng
,
.

I try to do a s li ttl e h a mm e r i ng as p ossibl e in sw a gi ng a pl ate ,

f or I fi nd th at the m or e o ne h a mm ers hi s g old the m ore u nyi e l d ,

ing hi s pl a te o r g o ld will b e com e

, ,
.

S o m e t im e s in sw a gi ng a p arti al or f ul l pl a te th e r e will b e a
'

sp r i ng i n the pl a t e which i t se e m s a lm o st imp o ssibl e t o ge t o u t

,

and a ft er sp e ndi ng h a lf a d ay i n v a i n t o r e m o v e it o ne i s Of t e n ,

t e mpt e d to th ro w i t a w ay a nd c o mm e nc e a ne w Sh o uld y ou .

e v er e t a sp r i ng i n a c a se o f t hi s ch a r a c t e r al l the po u ndi ng
g .
,

y o u ca n giv e i t i n a d ay will n o t re m e dy i t I t re a t such c a se s .

i n the f oll o wi ng m a nne r Ta k e the pl a ste r m od e l w hi ch i s u se d

i n m a ki ng the di e s a nd se t the pl a te up on i t a nd in as ne ar ly a
, ,

c orre c t p osi ti o n as p o ssibl e a nd o n the side O f the m o d e l cut

,

so m e sm a ll gro v e s a t difle r e nt p o i nt s Force the pl ate d own

'

i nto the f a ce of the m o d e l i nto the d e si re d p o si t i on a nd at the

, ,

sa m e t im e p ass o v e r i t a pi e c e of co pp e r wi re siz e 2 1 o f st and

(
ar d g a uge ) c ar ry t he e nd s of t hi s wi r e aro u nd the m o d e l b r i ng
, ,

i ng t h e m to ge th e r a nd t wi st th e m u ntil the wi re bi nd s d o w n the

‘

pl a te to the m o d e l U se a s m a ny wi r e s as are ne ce ssary to b r i ng

.

d o w n the pl ate al l around Th en h e at the pl ate to ch e rry re d

.
-

a nd al l o w i t t o c oo l sl o wly Af te r r e m ovi ng the wi re s y ou will

.
,

fi nd th at the S p r i ng has d e p a r te d
,
Thi s sa m e m eth o d can b e .

a ppli e d t o pl at e s wi th t e e th by i nv e sti ng i n sa nd a nd pl aste r

,

a f t er h a vi ng a ppli e d the wi r e s a nd t h e n sl o wly h e a t t he m a ss

,

u p on a l a mp o r fu r na c e b e for e u si ng the bl o w pip e -

.
 SO C IE T IE S .
59

In ld e r I a lw ay s r e m o v e the fl a m e the i nsta nt it

fu si ng so ,

fu se s f o r i t b e c o m e s b r i ttl e if k e p t fu se d to o l o ng I a lw a y s
,
.

u se sm a ll p e ll e ts o f pu re g o ld t o fill up h o l e s a s i t ca n b e a d a p t e d ,

so nic e ly i n a l l c ase s wh ere t he filli ng o f such pl a c e s i s re qui re d .

Ne v er use a ny m o re so lde r th an is a b so lu te ly ne c e ssa ry a s i t i s ,

o f no b e ne fi t but rath e r a n i nj u ry to a pl ate T he e sse nti a l

,
.

re qui si te s f o r so ld e r i ng are cl e a nli ne ss a nd t he p r o p e r a m o u nt o f .

he a t di re ct e d u p o n the p arts to b e sold ere d .

Ne ve r b e in too gre a t h aste e i th e r to sold er or to ta k e o ut a

, ,

pi e c e f ro m the i nv e stm e nt b e f ore i t i s c o o l I f you are yo u w ill .

,

su re ly m ee t wi th so m e m i sf o r t u ne A lw ay s h e at y o u r c ase
.

sl o wly up o n a l a mp st a nd or i n a fu r na c e b e f ore u si ng the bl o w

,

pip e a nd wh e n y ou c o m m e nc e u si ng t h at i nstr um e nt t h r o w the

,

fl a m e no t on the pl ate but o n the pl a st e r i nv e stm e nt u ntil yo u

, , ,

notic e the su r f a c e of the pl a t e g e tti ng r e d t h e n di r e ct a l a r g e ,

fl am e up on the pl a te g ra du a lly re duci ng it i n siz e u ntil t he so l

,

der fu se s I fo ll o w t hi s m eth o d in al l ca se s wh eth er f or o ne

.
,

te e th o r f o u rte e n .

Afte r so ld e ri ng c are sh ould b e ta k e n not to pl a ce the ca se in

,

a d ra ugh t o r t o bl o w up o n i t ; simply l e t i t c o o l sl o wly

,
I h a ve .

ne w f oll o w e d t hi s m e th o d f o r fi v e y e ars a nd du r i ng t hi s t i m e I ,

fi nd a ft e r l o o ki ng o v e r my b o o k s t h a t t he numb e r o f te e t h o n
, ,

which I h a v e u se d the fl a m e w ere a b o v e a t h o u sa nd a nd o f a l l ,

th at numb er I ca n only re m e mb e r of fi v e t e e th which c ra ck e d .

I do no t i nclude the two which I had the mi sfortu ne t o b re a k

h e re i n the I nfi rm ary Th e y w e re b ro k e n simply by my c a re
.

l essne ss I n not pu rsui ng the m e th o d which I h a v e h e re sug

geste d .

G entl e m en c are is a s imp orta nt a s ord e r a nd di scipl i ne ; a nd o f

,

the th re e I r e g a r d i t as the m o st imp o rt a nt f or wi th o ut c are

, , ,

y o u c a nnot hO pe t o a tt a i n much succ e ss a s a skill e d w o rkm a n in

thi s p ro f e ssi o n which w e are now se e ki ng to e nte r
,
.

I tru st th at no ne of you will e v er cl a ss the p ro th e tic b ra nch

of d e nt i stry wi t h a t ra d e Sh o uld yo u e v e r b e guil ty o f thi s I
.
,

would fee l y o u r sh a m e if y o u did no t b e c a u se I f ee l th a t wi th

, ,

thi s b ranch a l o ne is t ru e a rt c o nc e rne d Th e re are so m e f e w .

j eal o u s o ne s w ho are no t c a p a bl e of filli ng the re qui re m e nts w ho ,

l ook with c o nte mp t up o n thi s b ra nch .

60 T H E AR C HI V E S OF DE N T T IS R Y .

T he f e w p o i nt s w hich I h a v e b r i e fly to uch e d up on thi s e v eni ng

m a y b e nothi ng ne w to th i s cl a ss S o m e of t h e m h a v e b e e n
.

d e r iv e d fr o m my o w n e xp e r im e nt s and Ob se r va t i ons I f th e y .

p ro v e to b e o f a ny use to you my cl a ssm ate s in y o u r futu re , ,

p ra c tic e I sha l l b e m or e th an pl e a se d a nd al l I a sk i n p aym e nt

, ,

i s a ki nd re m e mb ra nc e f ro m y ou a l l .

IRREGULARI TIE S .

B Y WM P OOK . B O T ON M A
. C ,
S SS .

T he subj e c t of i rre gul ar i t i e s m u st de m and m ore a nd m or e the

a tt e nt i o n o f o ur p ro f e ssi o n Fro m the ru bb e r b and fi rst m ad e
.

a nd u se d by D r E li sh a Tuck e r i n 1 844 t o t he l a te st c o mpl e x

, ,
.

a ppli a nc e o f D r Fa rrar the subj e ct i s one t h at r e qui re s care ful

.
,

st udy b o t h o f the lit era tu re a nd the i ndividu a l c a se

, O ur li t er .

a tu re f a i rly w e ll r e p re se nts the a t te nt i on p a id t o t hi s b ranch a nd ,

f o r the l ast thi rty y e a r s the D enta l Cosm os ha s gi v e n to its

” “

r e a d ers m a ny ar t icl e s sh o wi ng t h a t so m e m e mb ers o f o ur pro

,

f e ssi on h a v e b e e n a liv e t o thi s subj e ct I n t hi s a s i n o th e r .

,

d e p ar tm e nts w e fi nd a n a ppl i anc e which has b e e n d e scr ib e d

, ,

a nd i n so m e c a se s illu stra te d y e a r s b e f ore a g a i n re di sc o v e re d

, , ,
,

a nd re publi sh e d as ne w i n the sa m e j o u r na l .

Notwi th standi ng so much ha s b e en wr i tten and so m a ny dis

e u ssi ons h a v e b e e n h e ld up o n the subj e c t w e h a v e no t ha d th e se ,

id e as p re se nte d in c o mp a c t f or m f o r the u se of the stud e nt The .

diffi cul t c a se s th at h a v e b e e n p re se nte d at our so ci e ty m e e ti ngs ,

wi th the a ppli anc e s u se d f or th e i r c orre ct i on h av e b ee n l ost to ,

the p r o fe ssi o n by no t b e i ng publi sh e d w i t h illu stra ti o ns O ne .

gre a t l a ck has b e e n the d e fici e nt i nstruct i on i n thi s d e p ar tm e nt

i n o u r d e nta l c o ll e ge s pr o b a bly no b ranch of d e nti stry i s
S ligh t e d so ge nera lly i n the st ud e n
’
t s tra i ni ng Thi s i s a c co u nt e d .

f or i n p ar t by t he l a ck of p r o p er te x t b o o k s bu t wi t h the pub -

l i ca ti ons o f D rs K i ng sl e y F a r rar T a lb ot a nd G uilfor d w e h a v e

.
, , ,

a l o ng f e l t w a nt suppli e d
-

A r e cor d of the c a se i s of the gre at

.
~

e st imp ort a nc e f or st udy t h a t w e m ay k no w wh at c o u rse t o pu r

,

* R e ad b ef ore th e H ar va rd O d ont ol og i c al S oc i e t y , N ov . 30, 1 889 .

 SO C IE T IE S . 61

sue , a nd fi nd t he b e st b ta i n the re sul t M o st c a se s

w a y to o .

re qui re a c ar e f ul stu dv o f the m o d e l s i n c o nne c t i o n wi t h the

o the r p e culi a r iti e s O f the c a se Fa c ts not se e n a t fi rst are b rough t

.

to ligh t by c are ful st udy T he prim ar v m o d e l i s of g r e a t v a lu e

.
,

a l so f o r fu tu r e guid a nc e
,
Th e re a re wi th ou t d o ub t m a ny c a se s
.
, ,

at te mp te d t h a t ha d f a r b e tte r h a v e r e m a i ne d u nto uch e d f o r wi th ,

the a ppli a nc e s a t h a nd w e m ay m ov e the t e e t h i nto a lm o st a ny

p osi ti o n b ut u nl e ss d one up on the r igh t pl an th e y will no t
, ,

re m a i n t h e r e th o ugh h e ld f o r a l o ng p e r i o d
,
A c omp a r .

i so n of m o d e l s ta k e n a t the fi ni sh a nd t h re e y e ar s l a te r w o uld ,

o f te n fu rni sh m a t e r i a l f o r re fl e c t i o n I f e a ch student a t our de n

.

ta l c o ll e g e s w a s c o mp e ll e d to pl a c e o n fi l e m o d e l s o f a r e gul a t i ng
c ase b e fo re and af ter tre at m e nt wi th the a ppli anc e u se d a nd
, , ,

a sh ort hi st ory o f the c a se w e sh o uld i n a f e w y e a r s h a v e a

,

broa d e r k no wl e dge on t hi s subj e c t i n the d e nta l p ro f e ssi o n .

T he p a ti e nt mu st a pp r e ci a t e the imp o r ta nc e o f the t ask o r ,

ge ne rally f a ilu r e w ill f o ll o w Th e n c o m e s the qu e sti o n o f t he

.

p ati e nt s h e a lth A p a rt i a l c orre ct i on wi th appli a nc e m ay sup

’
.

pl e m e nt j udici o u s e x tra ct i o n a nd in m a ny c a se s se cu r e e xc e ll e nt
,

resul ts wh e n a m o r e e x t e nd e d c o u r se O f tr e a t m e nt w o uld se r i o u sly

,

im pare the p a t i e nt s h e a l th A g a i n a pp e ara nc e i s no t o f the fi rst

’
.
,

imp orta nc e T he t e e th a r e f or u se in m a stic ati o n a nd any c o u rse

.
,

o f trea tm e nt t h a t p ro cu r e s a r e sul t pl e a si ng t o the e e a t t h

y e ,

e xp e nse o f m a st ic a t i ng su r f a c e c a nnot b e a tru e succ e ss Fo r

, .

thi s r e a so n w e f a v o r the r e te nti o n o f the se c o nd bicu spid s sup e

ri o r i n th o se c a se s wh er e e x t ra c ti o n i s ne c e ssa ry t o se cu r e r o o m
,

f or the c a ni ne s I n so m e c a se s the e x t ra c ti o n o f the l a te r a l

.

i nci sor s is the b e st pl a n e sp e ci a lly wh e n th e y are sm a ll sh o rt

,
,

a nd p o ste r i o r t o t h e i r t r u e o st i t i o n a nd the p a t i e nt i s a m a l e
p , .

T he li te ra tu re o f o ur p ro f e ssi o n ha s a l w a y s t e e m e d wi th a r t i
cl e s f o r a nd a g a i nst the e x tra c ti o n O f the s ix th y e a r m o l a r s T he .

c au se li e s i n the f a c t th a t th e se te e t h a re so u niv e rsa lly ne gl e c te d

in e a rly lif e th a t no thi ng r e m a i ns to b e d o ne b u t e x tra c ti o n o r
,

re te nti o n a s d e vi ta l iz e d t e e th a nd i n y o u ng p e rso ns e xt ra c t i o n ,

is t he b e st tre a tm e nt I n a p ra c tic e wh e re th e se te e th m a y b e
.

fill e d a s so o n a s a n o rigi na l d e f e c t b e co m e s e vi d e nt o n a c a re ful

e x a mi nat i o n no b e tte r t e e t h will b e f o u nd i nth e m o u th Dou bt .
, .

l e ss e x c e ll e nt re sul ts a re se cu re d by e x tra c t i ng a l l f o u r f t he o
 62 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN T I S TR Y .

six th y e a r m o l a rs b u t w e mu st re m e mb e r th at such a re sult i s

,

a p a rti a l d e f or mi ty o ne p ro duc e d by ne gl e c t a nd a l so t h a t t he
—
,

sa m e ne gl e c t wi l l c a u se the

l o ss o f the se c ond a nd thi rd

m ol a rs I rre gul ar i ti e s of .

the d e cidu o u s se t a r e v e ry
ra r e .

M a ny of the i rregul a ri
t i es Of the se co nd se t a r se i
f ro m l a ck of a tte nti o n to
the d e cidu o u s t e e th H OW .

f e w child re n sh e d t h e i r
d e cidu o u s te e th nor m a lly
e a r ly d e c a y c a u si ng t he —

p at i e nt to a vo id the u se of
nd h ng j w i o ne sid e i n m a st ic a t i o n
di t y—f h g nd f th nd n nt Soon the de ath of the pulp
Fi g 1 . Ag 5 y
. e Th e a rs . e u e r— u a s .

m d f mi y
h e re ar at e r, ra a e r, a a au

h av e th e sa e e or t
fo ll o w s and too o fte n a
.

b ro k e n a r c h a ll ow s the six t h y e ar m ol ar to m o v e f orw aa d

i

c a u si ng t he bicu spid s o r c a ni ne s t o e r upt ou t of p o si ti on .

Fi g 2 S h ow s t h e su p e ri o r k g d
p e rm a ne nt i nc i so r s st ri i n i ns i e th e l o w e r o ne s A j ac e t k
d bb d
. .

p l a te W i t h h a r g
e r p e s w a s u se , a nd t h e r e su l t i s sh o w n i n F i

d b
ru
g 3, W h i t h a l s o s h o w s
.

t h e c a se a f te r t h e su p e ri o r p e rm a ne nt l a t e ra l s h a v e e r u t e
m ov e d f orw a r d , t h e l a t e ra l s c a m e i n t h e i r no rm a l
p
p o si ti o n
T h e c e nt ra l s h a v i r g
.
. een

To su m up b ri e fly I n the c a se o f t he d e cidu o u s se t a nd the

S i x th y ea r m ol a rs w e h a v e a l arge fi e ld f o r p r e v e nt iv e tre a tm e nt
,
 S oci E T I E s
. 63

o i rre gul a ri ti e s Cl e a nli ne ss o f the m o u th du ri ng the p ro c e ss

f .

o f re gul a t i ng i s v e ry imp o r ta nt O n t hi s a cc o u nt m a ny a ppl i

.

a uc e s o th e r wi se a ll o w a bl e mu st b e r e j e c t e d A ny a ppli a nc e .

which c o nt i nu a lly i nte rfe re s wi th p ro p e r m a stic at i o n o f the f o o d

s h o uld b e e xcl ud e d .A m ong th e se are i nclud e d th ose th at
a ll o w a t o o t h to o cclud e i n the p ro c e ss o f j umpi ng the bit e a l so

th o se t h a t c a u se e xc e ssiv e so r e ne ss o f the gum s f ro m p ressu re

B o th c o nt i nu o u s a nd i nte r mi tte nt p re ssu re h a v e w o rthy a dv o
c a te s I a m i ncli ne d to t he Opi ni on t h a t a j udici o u s u se of b oth
.

m e th o d s will a chi e v e succ e ss Wi th so m e p ati e nts a fi x e d a ppl i

.

a nc e mu st b e u se d —
in th e se c a se s c e m e nt sh o uld b e b e tw e e n the
fi x t u re a nd the te e th T he a nch orag e mu st b e strong e no ugh to
.

re si st the p o w e r e x e r te d a nd i n m a ny c ase s w e m ay e xt e nd t he
‘

a nch o ra g e f ro m t he t e e t h t o t he r oo f o f the m o u t h T he i nt ro .

d uc t i o n o f r ubb e r w a s a n a i d t o thi s cl a ss o f c a se s c o mbi ni ng ,

ne a tne ss ch e a p ne ss a nd e a se o f c o nstr uc t i o n
,
.

T he qu e sti o n sh o uld no t b e simply ho w ca n a c e rta i n re sul t b e

a cc o mpli sh e d ,
b u t in wh a t w a y ca n p a ti e nt a nd d e nt i st b e c a u se d
the l e a st a nno y a nc e ? A n a ppli a nc e which m ay w o rk a dmi ra bly
i n o ne c a se m ay not b e the b e st o ne i n a no th e r i nv o lvi ng the
sa m e m e ch a nic a l p r i ncipl e s
. T he t e mp e ra m e nt of the p a ti e nt i s
.

a g re a t f a c to r a nd t he a pplic a t i o n mu st v a ry a cc o r di ng th ere to
.

, .

T he p e r i o d du r i ng which the m a j or p or t i on o f re gul a ti ng i s

d one u nfo rtu na t e ly o ccu rs a t a t im e wh e nt he pa tie nt i s u nd e r
,

the g re a te st phy si c a l a nd m e nta l t e nsi o n Wi t h the na tu ra l

.

g ro w t h o f the bo dy a nd the e nf o rc e d m e nta l t ra i ni ng w e sh o uld ,

o b se rv e c a u t i o n i n t he e x tra stra i n w e b r i ng by o u r r e gul a t i ng

a pp a rat u s T he simpl e r the m e a ns u se d the b e tte r

. W e h av e .

m a ny e x a mpl e s o f o ne id e a c arr i e d to e xc e ss by a pplyi ng i t to

a l l ca se s . Such a c o u rse c a u se s u nne c e ssa ry di sc o mfort to t he
p a ti e nt a nd m a k e s a na rro w m a n o f the o p e ra to r Fo r m a nv .

c a se s a li t tl e a tte nt i o n du ri ng t he p ro c e ss o f e r up t i o n will r
, p e

v e nt m o re e xte nd e d tre a tm e nt a f te r w ar d s A v e ry sligh t fo rc e .

will a cc o mpli sh w o nd e rs a t thi s ti m e T he p a ti e nt sh o uld b e .

s e e n a t r e g u l a r i nte rv a l s a t l e a st o nc e a w e e k m a ny ca se s do
,

no t re qui re thi s a tte nti o n y e t by su c h a sy s t e m w e a v o id the

,
‘

d e l ay c a u se d by i rre gul a r a tte nd a nc e w hie h usual l y m e a ns l o ng

,

i nte rv a l s b e tw e e n vi si ts .
 TH E A R C H I V E S OF DE N T T IS R Y .

j udici o u s se l e c t i o n o f c a se s a nd c are ful tre atm e nt o f t he

I n the
sa m e t he d e nta l p r a c t i t i o ne r o f to d ay has a fi e ld i n which he -

m ay e mpl o y the k no wl e dg e a l re a dy publi sh e d up o n t hi s subj e c t ,

a nd fi nd a mpl e ro o m f or a ny i nv e nt iv e ta l e nt he m ay p o sse ss .

OF D R PERRIN PAPER
D I S C US S I O N .
’
S
D E V ELO PM ENT OF T HE T EE TH .

PRES I D EN T BRIGG
S e eG ntl m n D P i n h giv
e r e rr as en us a
—
.

v e ry i nte re sti ng re sum e o f the d e v e l o pm e nt o f the te e th illu s ,

tr a te d wi th or igi na l sp e cim e ns Th e re i s no t much o pp ortu ni ty .

CM PR
O C IN E E M B RY O 4 C7M POR CI N E E MB RY O

d d
. . . .

Ol l a yer of ce l l s ; I nf a nt l a y e r : 3 ( I nf t ri c te d
dg d b d
2, o rd z Ol l a y er : a nt l a y er : o ns
‘ ‘
er . 1 er 2, 3, (
4 , D e nt a l ri e . ne c k of cor : 4, B ul o u s c or .

f or di scu ssi o n m ar k s or qu e st i o ns the m e mb e rs m ay

, b ut an
y re

wi sh to a sk of D r P e rr i n will b e i n o rd e r I will a sk D r
.
, . .

S ta nto n t o o p e n the di scu ssi o n .

D R S T AN T ON M r Pr e sid e nt a nd G e ntl e m e n : I t h a rdly

.
-

x
,

se e m s t ha t t he subj e c t ca n b e di scu se d t o a n v e ry g re a t e t e nt
y ,

a nd a s t he P re sid e nt sa id qu e st i o ns sh o uld b e a sk e d
, I thi nk
. .

D r P e rr i n i s t o b e c o ng r a tul a te d o n the succ e ss he ha s a t ta i ne d

.

*
R e ad b e f or e H ar v ar d O d o nt ol o g i c al c
S o i e t y O c t 31 1 889
. . .
 SO C IE T I E S

in the cu tt i ng
c ti o ns a nd i n g e tti ng such cl e a r ph o to g ra ph s
o f se ,

of t he d ifle re nt se c ti o ns he ha s a t te mp t e d
~
'

Thi s subj e c t is .

i nte nse ly i nte resti ng a nd o ne to wh ich I h a v e give n co nsid e r

,

a bl e a tte nt i o n a nd I h o p e t h a t t he d o c to r will go o n wi t h hi s
,

i nv e stig at i o n m a k e m o re se c ti o ns o f the sub se qu e nt f o rm a ti o n

,

o f th e te e t h a nd if p o
,
ssibl e wi th high e r p o w e r s I t hi nk i,
n . ,

6 CM PR
O CIN E E M B RY O

d
. .

‘ PO E M B 'W
é CM R U N E O
f o r p e rm a ne nt te e t h ; 2 , S te l l a te re t i c u l u m
dg
f
1 C or
1, D e nta l ri e ; 2, E na me l or g a n; 3, S p a ce : 3, S pa c e : 4 , D e nt i na l p a pi l l a : 5 F a l l i c u l a r w a l l
.

4 , D e nt i na l p a p i l l a ; 5 , M ec k i l s ca r ti l a e g . 6 . I nn e r t u ni c ; 7, O u te r t u ni c .

or d e r tO b ri ng o u t the vi ta li ty o f the to o t h a nd S h o w wh e re i n t he .

e na m e l a nd d e nti ne a re no u r i she d it w o uld b e ne c e ssa r to w o rk ,

in v e ry much high e r p o w e rs a nd i na smuch a s th e re i s o m e ,

s

d o ub t so m e qu e sti o n in re g a rd to the m a nne r i n which t h ey

, ,

a re no u ri sh e d i t w o uld re fl e c t c re di t o n o u r so ci e ty to e i th e r
,

a pp ro v e o r di s a pp ro v e o f t he th e o r i e s o f o th e r w r i te rs Of .

c o u rse it is a ve ry d ifficul t thi ng to sh o w the co nne c ti o n o f t he .

mi nu te fi b ril l ae wi th the e na m e l if th e re is a ny I t se e m s to ,
.

me th a t D r P e r ri n is o n t he r igh t ro a d a nd if he is a s succ e ss
.
,

ful in his sub se qu e nt se c t i o ns a s he has b e e n so f ar it se e m s to ,

me th a t we c a n ge t a go o d d e a l o f v a lu a bl e i nf o rm a ti o n f ro m i t .

D R PERRIN . I re a liz e the f a c t t h a t i n o rd e r to ge t a ny thi ng

—

g ra nd in thi s di re c ti o n w e mu st use: high e r p o w e rs b u t I ha V e

, ,
.
 TH E A R C H I V E S OF DE N T I S T R Y .

fo u nd it v e ry d ifli e ul t t o w ork wi th th e m o n a cc o u nt o f the

u nste a dy c o ndi t i o n o f my h o u se i t b e i ng c o nsta ntly j arre d by .

p a ssi ng t ra i ns .

PRE S I D EN T BRIGG S I w o uld lik e to ask D r P e r ri n if he ha s —

.

go ne f a r e nough to f or m any c o nclu si o ns a b o u t the a ct i o n o r the

f u nc t i o ns O f the pulp O f the te e t h a f te r the d e nt i ne i s f o r m e d ?
DR PERR IN : N O I h a v e not All the se c ti o ns th a t I h a v e
.
—
,
.

m a d e h av e b e e n o n e mb ry o ni c str uc tu re s .

CM PR
O CIN E E M B RY O 10 PO R CI N E E M B RY O
T d b
. . .

ge ; 2 p u l p ; 2, O o nto l a s t s ; e nt i u e ;

b
oo t h 3, D
d b b
1 , M e c k il s c a r t il a ,
D e nt i na l p a pi l l a ; 3, L a y er 1,
of o o nt o l a st s ; 4 , L a y er o f a m e l o l a sts . 4 —4 , A m e l o l a s ts ; 5 , E na m e l .

PRE S I D EN T BRIGG S N o ne o n the fully d e v el o p e d —

D R PERRIN z N o ne a t al l
.
—
.

PRE S I D EN T BRIGG S Y o u will ta k e th a t up l a te r —

W e sh a ll .

h o p e to h ear f ro m yo u .

D R TAF T . I sho uld lik e t o a sk a t w ha t sta g e o f e mb ry onic

—

lif e the ne r v e fib ril s a ppea r wi thi n the tubuli of the d e nt i ne and

“

wh at l ay e r th e y c o m e f ro m ?
D R PERR IN
. T he ste ll a t e l ay e r of ne r v e c e ll s i s si tu at e d
—

d i r e c t ly b e ne a th o r i nte r na l t o t he m e mb ra na e b o r i s o r l ay e r o f ,

o d o nt o bl ast s I f there a re ne rv e fib r e s in the d enti ne th e y a re

.
,

r o l o ng a t i o ns o f t he se n e r v e c e ll s T he tim e a t which t h e y
p .

a pp e a ri s u nc e r ta i n b u t i t i s no t u ntil a co nsi de r a b l e l a y e r o f
,

e na m e l a nd d e nt i ne has b e e n f o r m e d .
 SO C IE T IE S . 67

D RWERNER I n y o u r sp e cim e ns h a v e yo u f o u nd a ny ne r v e
.
—
,

fil a m e nts th a t w o uld i ndic a te ne rv o u s c o mmu nic a ti o n b e tw e e n

d e nti ne a nd e na m e l " ?

D R PERRIN . I h a v e m a d e a f e w se c t i o ns sh o wi ng the b o u nd
—

a ry b e t w e e n e na m e l a nd d e nt i ne b u t i n no ne h a ve I se e n a ny
,

t hi ng lik e ne r v e fil a m e nts p assi ng i nto the e na m e l .

D R WER N E R
. I t a pp are ntly sh o w s none O f i t i n the e arli e r
—

d e v e l o pm e nt o f t he te e t h ?
D R PER R IN
. A ll Ob se rv e rs a g re e th a t th e re are no ner v e s
—

p re se nt i n the d e nti na l p a pill a du ri ng i ts e arly sta ge s of d e v e l

o pm e nt so th a t wh a t e v e r m e a ns o f c o nv e yi ng se nsa t i o n t h e r e i s
,

in the e na m e l a nd d e nti ne i t mu st b e so m e t h i ng diffe r e nt f rom

,

r e g ul a r ne r v e fib r e s .

PR E S EN T A T ION OF S PE I M EN
C S .

D R . C L AP P m e mb e rs will no t c onsid e r i t a b ore I

—
I f the ,

w o uld lik e to say a li ttl e m o r e o n c o mbi na t i on filli ng s .

PRE S I D EN T B R IGG S N e v e r a bor e a lw a y s gl a d t o h e a r f ro m

—

y ou .

DR CLA PP Y o u will re m e mb e r th a t a t the l a st m e e ti ng I

.
—

w a s a sk e d i n re g a r d to the di sc o l o ra t i o n o f the t e e th wi th the

a m a lg a m a nd g o ld filli ng s Si nc e th e n I h a ve b e e n c o nsid e r i ng
.

so m e p o i nts t h a t I k ne w b e f o re b ut h a v e giv e n t h e m a li t tl e

m ore t h o ugh t a nd t h at i s wi th re gard to p a cki ng a m a lga m i nto

,

a c a vi ty wh e th e r i t i s to b e i n c o mbi na ti o n wi th g o ld o r no t
, .

I f y o u ta k e a gl a ss t ub e a nd se t i t d o w n o n a pi e c e of gl a ss o r .

a ny thi ng el se a nd pu t so m e a m a lg a m i nt o i t l e t t he a m a lg a m
, ,

b e v e ry d ry o r m e dium a nd u se a g r e a t d e a l O f f o rc e i n pu t
,

t i ng i t d o w n Y o u ca n se e a s y o u d o i n the c a vi ty o f a to o th
.
, ,

wh e n yo u p a ck a m a lga m in th a t th e re is a l a rg e a m o u nt o f f re e
,

m e rcu ry t h a t r i se s to the su r f a c e o f the filli ng I f yo u Ob se rv e .

t he gl as s tub e y o u will a l so se e th a t thi s f re e m e r cu ry sh o w s

a ro u nd the e nt i re su rf a c e o f t h a m a lg a m as w e ll a s 0 11 t he to
p ,

wh e re t he i nstrum e nt ha s to uch e d a nd if yo u ta k e y o u r gl a s , s

tub e e lf f ro m the sm o o th su r f a c e f ro m which it ha s b e e n re s ti ng ,

y o u will a l so se e f re e ni c i e u t
y t he1 e s h o wi ng if a m a lg a m i s ,
p t
u

i n wi th a g re a t d e a l o f p re ssu re th a t f re e m e rcu ry i f o rc e d t
, s o

t he e nti re p e r iph e ry o f the filli ng c o nse qu e ntly c o mi ng in di re c t

,
68 TH E A R CH I VE S OF DE N T T
I S R Y .

co nta c t wi th the tooth

ub stanc e a nd i t has o ccu rre d to m e th at
s

i t m ay b e the a b so rp t i o n i nto the p oro u s sub st anc e of the te e th

of thi s fr e e m er cu ry which c a u se s l a rg e ly t he di sc o l o r at i o n .

N o w the qu e sti o n o ccu r s W h e th er i t i s or i s not b e tte r t o pu t in

,

the a m a lga m wi t h b u t li ttl e f o r c e u si ng sm a ll pi e c e s a nd c ar ry ,

i ng th e m c a re fully t o the wa ll s of the c a vi ty w ith o u t pu tti ng o n ,

grea t f or c e I thi nk you ge t a cl oser fi t if yo u u se a go o d d ea l

.

o f f or c e so t h a t y o u are su re t h e r e i s c o nsid era bl e m e r cu r y o n

,

the o u tsid e S o f or t h a t re a so n if y o u wi sh to ge t a p er fe ct
‘
.
,

a d a p ta t i o n wi th o u t h ea vy p re ssu r e g re a t c are a nd sm a ll pi e c e s ,

mu st b e u se d .

I k ne w al l thi s b efore b u t I h a v e not th ought of it so much

, ,

a nd I c a nno t sa y t h at I a m c orr e ct i n r e g a r d t o the di sc o l ora

t i o n a r o u nd the a m a lg a m filli ng s b ut it se e m s t o m e to b e re a
so na bl e t o e xp e c t t h a t i n a filli ng wh e re t h e re i s a l ar g e su rplu s

o f the m e r cu ry i n c o nta c t wi th the d e nt i ne of the t o o th we ,

S h o uld h a v e a di sc o l ora t i o n .

PRE S I D EN T B R I G C s z I w o uld lik e to a sk D r Cl a pp why if

—
.
,

th e re i s a j a ck e t o f m er cu ry a b o u t a filli ng pu t i n wi t h f or c e it ,

will not e v a p o rat e af te r the filli ng h ar d ens a nd thu s m a k e a ,

l e a ky filli ng ?
D R CLA PP
. I do no t t hi nk i t w o uld p ro v e so i n p r a c tic e f or
—
,

the m e r cu ry t ha t has b e e n fo r c e d t o the o u tsid e o f the filli ng i s

v ery so on e v a p o rate d I put tw o filli ng s i n gl a ss t ub e s thi s
.

m orni ng : o n o ne of t h e m I u se d c o nsid e ra bl e f o r ce so much so ,

t h at t h e re w a s pl e nty o f f r e e m e r cu r y o n the o u tsid e ; o n the

o th e r I u se d b ut li ttl e f or c e no t e no ugh t o m a k e i t l o o k lik e a
,

mi rror j u st e no ugh t o m a k e su re th e r e w a s a p erfe c t a d ap ta ti o n

, ,

a l t h o ugh a c a su a l gl a nc e a t t he t w o sp e cim e ns w o uld ha v e

sh o w n no diff ere nc e Thi s m or ni ng I pu t i n the t ub e s a so lu

.

t i on o f p e r m a ng a na te of p o ta sh ; v e r y so o n I sa w it w o r ki ng
b e tw e e n the filli ngs a nd the t ub e s T he o ne put i n wi th li ttl e .

for c e l e a k e d the w orst .

D R S T AN T ON
. I w o uld lik e t o a sk D r Cl a pp if af ter t he
—
.

a m a lg a m has se t t h e re i s a ny f re e m e r cu ry l e f t ?

D R CL APP
. Th e r e i s no t
-
.

D R S T AN T ON
. H o w l o ng d o e s it ta k e a m alga m to se t ?
—

D R C L AP P
. S o m e will se t in t en or fif te e n mi nu te s and so m e
—
,

i n tw o o r thre e h o u r s .
 SO C IE T IE S . 69

D R .S T AN T ON H o w r a pidly d o e s t he to o th a b so r b
— ?

D R CLA P P
. I c a nno t sa y o nly th a t i t d o e s a b so rb ra pidly By
—
,
.

pu tti ng a b it of w a te r i nto a dry c a vi ty o f a to o th a nd th e n try

i ng to d ry i t o ut i mm e di a te ly w e fi nd th a t the w a te r has sa t
, ,

ur a te d the so lid b o ne o f the te e t h A f e w puff fro m the hot

.
s

a ir sy r i ng e sh o w s t hi s u nmi st a k a bly .

D R S T AN T ON
. D o y o u thi nk i n o th er w o rd s th a t b e tw ee n
—
, ,

t he t im e the a m a lg a m filli ng i s i nse r te d a nd the t im e th a t it ha s

h ard e ne d i t ha s ha d t im e to be a b sor b e d ?
,

D R CLA PP : H a V O no c o nclu si ons

"
—
. .

D R S T AN T ON
. I f t he tooth a b sor b s a s ra pidly a s y o u say
—
,

why do w e not ge t go o d re sult s fro m the use o f c o c a i ne We

k no w p e rfe ctly w e ll th a t c o c a i ne i nj e c te d o r p a i nte d up on ,

muc ou s surf a c e s p ro duc e s a nae sth e si a ; th e re f ore w e mu st if , ,

the t o o th a b so r b s ra pidly ge t t he sa m e re sult s h e re a s e l se wh er e

, ,

which is not the c ase .

D R C L Ar r z O f c o u rse th a t i s so b u t a s re g ar d s the p o ssi

.
—

bil ity of ra pid a b sor p t i o n by the to o th sub st a nc e th e re i s no ,

d o ub t wh a te v e r .

D R TAF T
.
—
T he subj e ct O f c o mbi na t i on filli ng s i s a v e ry
i nter esti ng one to me and the e xp e r i e nc e I h a v e ha d with thi s
,

cl ass O f fi lli ng s d ur i ng the p a st tw o y ea r s has b e e n m o st gra t

I f yi n T h e o nly o bj e cti on I h a v e t o th e m i s i n t he sligh t di s
g .

c ol o rat i on O f the t o o t h a f t e r w ar d s but I fi nd th a t the l e ss a m a l

a m I u se i n the c a vi ty a nd the d ri e r I p a ck i t the l ess di sc o l or
g ,

a ti o n t h e r e i s . G iv e n c erta i n c ondi ti o ns O f t ooth sub sta nc e s ,

m e ans o f a cc e ss to c a vi ty e tc a nd i t se e m s to m e th a t a m alga m
,
.
,

a nd g old i n c o mbi na ti o n m a k e s a b e t ter filli ng a nd p re se r v e s the

t oo t h b e tter th an a ny oth e r m at e ri a l w e m a k e use of ; bu t the

e x e r ci se o f g oo d j udgm e nt c are ful ne ss a nd skill a re a s e sse n
, ,

ti al to succ e ss with c o mbi na ti o n filli ng s a s th e y are with

e i th er g o ld o r a n o f the pl a stic s
y .

D R CLA P P
. I h a v e no t k e pt a re c o r d but thi nk the di sc o l o r
—
,

a ti o n i s i n p r o p o rti o n to the a m o u nt o f a m a lg a m u se d I h a v e .

b ro ugh t thi s m a tter b e fo r e yo u t o se e if y o u ca n d e vi se so m e

m e th o d o f ov e r c o mi ng thi s o bj e c ti on to the u se of a m a lga m In .

my h and s the c o mbi na ti o n filli ng is the wh e e l h o rse f o r my w o rk -

a nd I d o n t w a nt to giv e i t up
’
.
70 TH E A R C HIVE S OF DEN TI S T RY .

D R . h o uld lik e to a sk if yo u no ti c e wh e th e r the dis

T AF T z— I s

c o l o ra ti o n i s a ny gre ate r i n cro w n c a vi t i e s th an it i s in a pp ro x

im a l c a vi ti e s in bicu spid s a nd m ol ars wi th thi s cl ass of filli ng s ,
.

D R CLAPP
’
. I d on t u se a m alga m i n c r o w n c a vi ti e s a nd fi ni sh
—

wi th gold I sh o uld p re fer t o u se c e m e nt I u se i t f or a pp ro x

. .

i m a l :c a vi t i e s ( D r Cl a pp illu
. st ra t e d o n t he bl a ckb o
. a r d hi s

m e th o d s Of m a ki ng c o mbi na ti o n fi l l l ngs in diffi cul t a pp ro xim al

ca vi ti e s i n m o l ar s so a s to S h o w gold and no t a m a lg a m ) I d on t
,
’
.

k no w b ut D r M e ri a m i s r igh t i n r e g ar d to e a se b u t a s l o ng a s
.
,

I fi l l t e e th I a m go i ng t o try t o sa v e t h e m a nd no t t o sa v e
, ,

my se l f I h a v e o fte n u se d i n p a cki ng a m alga m a l te rnate pi e c e s

.
,
’
of S t e u re r s g o ld pu tt i ng i n a l l the go ld the m e r cu ry w o uld sa t
,

u r ate a nd I thi nk t h at you can c o mbi ne wi th a m a lga m th at i s ,

m e dium dry a b o ut o ne t hi rd w e ight of g old so t h at you ca n g e t -

a filli ng which sh a ll h a v e the a pp e ar a nc e of a m a lg a m a nd st ill ,

h a v e f ro m o ne qu ar ter to one thi rd go ld I u se d o n o ne o cc a si o n

— -

c opp e r a m a lga m and put i n al l the g old th a t I c o uld p ro b a bly I

, ,

put in o ne qu arte r i n w e igh t of g o ld a nd I w a s i n h op e s to h a ve

-

ha d a filli ng t h at w o u l d no t di sc o l or I saw it a f e w d ay s a fte r .

,

a nd I a m so rry t o say the p ort i on t h at w a s fill e d with a m a lg a m

, ,

a nd g old w a s bl a ck a s e b ony .

A dj o urne d .

ANNI V ER SARY M EE TING OF THE FIR ST D I STR I CT

D ENTAL S O C IE T Y OF NE W YORK .

RE P O T E D A HI V E R FO R TH E R C S .

T h t w nty fi t nniv
e e y f th F i t Di t ict D nt l S ci
-

rs a e r sar o e
“
rs s r e a o

f N w Y k w h ld J nu y 1 4 th 1 5th nd 1 6th
”
ety o e or ,
as e a ar ,
a ,

in the M asoni c Te mpl e and w a s one of the m o st succ essful ,

m eeti ngs e v e r h e ld by a ny d e nta l so ci ety .

O n Tu e sd ay e v e ni ng the l ar ge h al l w a s fil l e d wi th the re pre

se ntat iv e m e n f ro m al l p arts o f t he c o u ntry Pro mptly at the .

h o u r the p re sid e nt D r A L N o rthrope c all e d the m ee ti ng to

, ,
. . .
, ,

o r d er a nd d e li v e r e d an a dd r e ss of w e lc o m e t o al l t h e i r gu e sts ,

and g a v e a sh o rt r e sum e o f the l e gi sl a ti on re sul t i ng fina lly i n the

pre se nt l aw which re qui re s th at any o ne b e gi nni ng the pra c tice

,
 SO C IE T IE S . 71

of d e nti stry mu st b e a g ra du ate of a re pu ta bl e d e nta l c o ll e ge ,

pa ss a sa ti sf a c to ry e x a mi na ti o n o f the S ta te B oard o f E x a mi ne rs ,

a nd mu st re gi ste r i n t he c o u nty i n which he p ra c tic e s a nd if t he ,

re gi stra t i o n i s i n a ny w a y f ra udul e nt t he c e r tific a te i s f o rf e i te d

, .

H e a l so sp o k e o f t he p ro g re ss O f the p ro f e ssi o n du r i ng the l a st

tw e nty o ne y e ars a nd cl a im e d th a t the S o ci e ty ha d d o ne i ts p ar t
—
,

i n m a ki ng up t he p ro g re ss .

D r F o ster o f B a l tim o re m a d e a g ra c e ful r e ply a nd sa id i t I S

.
, ,

w e ll to re vi e w t he p ast b u t w e mu st l oo k the fu t u re i n the f a c e

,

a nd m o v e o n to high e r g ro u nd H e w a s gl a d to b e i n N e w Y o r k
.
,

the g re a t c e ntre o f t h o ugh t i n a l l t h a t c o nc erns p ro g re ss a nd

a dva nc e m e nt a nd e xp e c t e d g re a t e nj o ym e nt a nd b e ne fi t f ro m
,

thi s m e e ti ng W e are h e re f ro m al l se c ti ons of the c o u ntry

.

to e nj o y t he co mi ng to m a nh o o d o f the child b or n t w e nty

“ ”

o ne y e ars ago O ur p r e se nc e w e giv e y ou a nd th a nk s f or o u r

.
,

cordi a l gr e e ti ng .

D r J N C ro u se t h e n m a d e a stro ng a pp e a l f or the D e nta l

. . .

Prote c t iv e A sso ci at i on of the U ni te d S ta te s a nd u rge d e v e ry ,

d e nti st to b e c om e a m e mb er a nd wi th a m e mb e rship of
a nd wi t h a i n b a nk he did not t hi nk the p a t e nts O f the
,

Tooth C ro w n C o mp any w o uld b e w orth much H e sa id d e nt i sts .

ne e d no t e v e n b e p o li te t o th e i r a g e nt b ut if he vi si te d t h e m , ,

ki ndly b ut fi r mly sh o w him the w ay out H e a sk e d al l to a t

, ,
.

o nc e se nd him t h e i r te n d o ll ars a nd b e c o m e m e mb e rs H e sa id .

l e t go y o u r g rip
“ ”
o n t he te n d o ll ars so l o ng p r o m i se d him .

Whil e o n the subj e c t I m ay say th a t at a sub se qu e nt tim e a m a ss

,

m ee ti ng of the d e nti st s of t he U ni te d S tate s w a s h e ld D r 0 E ,

. . .

H ill O f B ro okly n p re sidi ng wh e n a re so lu ti on w a s u nanim o u sly

, , ,

passe d i nd or si ng the Pro te c tiv e A sso ci ati o n and th a nki ng D r .

C rou se a nd ear ne stly u rgi ng e v e ry d e nti st in the c o u ntry to

,

b e co m e a m e mb e r Th e re w e re o v e r a hu nd re d d e nti sts p re se nt
.
,

a nd e v e ry o ne b e c a m e a m e mb e r o f the A sso ci a ti o n a nd a l l S i n ,

ee rel
y h o p e t h a t t he d e nt i sts th ro ugh o u t the c o u nt ry will m a k e

note o f t hi s a cti o n a nd go a nd do lik e wi se .

D r T a lb ot O f Chica go th e n re a d his p a p e r 0 11
.
, ,
Fall a ci e s of “

So m e o f the O ld Th e ori e s of I rre gul ari ti e s o f the Te et h wi th ”

,

so m e r e m ark s o n di a g no si s a nd t re a tm e nt H e b e li e v e d th u mb .

sucki ng a c a u se o f t he high v a ult a nd the c o mp re ssi o n o f t he

,
72 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN T I S TR Y .

ch e e k s du ri ng the act of thumb sucki ng fo rc e d in the sid e s o f arch -

a nd t he sa ddl e sh a p e a r ch w a s the r e sul t

-
.

I rre gul ari ti e s are i nh e ri te d and conge ni tal the m a xill as m ay

b e i nh e r i te d fro m o ne p are nt a nd the t e e th fr o m a no t h er a nd ,

i rre gul ari t i e s r e sul t Pre m atu re and tar dy e x tra cti ons w e re
.
,

a l so c a u se s .

Climate foo d h a bi t ar e fa ctors i n i rregul ar i ti e s a nd the

, , , ,

i nv i r onm e nt o f f a th er v e r y diffe r e nt f ro m th a t of his chi ld .

N e v e r e x tra cts a cuspid and rare ly a first m ol ar to corre ct an

,

i rre gul ar i ty .

D r B arre tt w o uld lik e t o c o mm e nd the p a p e r but fo u nd i t

.
,

difficul t to do so T he qu e sti o n i s Wh at i s the norm a l type ?

.

W e mu st e stabli sh th i s b e fore w e can d e te r mi ne the qu e sti on of

irre gul a i i tie s T o d e t e r mi ne a n i rr e gul ar i ty w e mu st go
'
. a w ay ,
“

b a ck m any ge nerati ons of the imm e di ate p ro geni tors o f the

”
,

child to the or igi na l typ e I t sh ou ld b e t ra ce d th ro ugh a lli e d

,
.

sp e ci e s ; al l i r re gu l ar i ti e s are t r a c e d to a nc e stra l typ e s Much .

o f the i rr e gul ar i t i es are tr a c e a bl e t o the d e nt i st D e nt i sts sh ould .

k no w the d e nt it i on o f al l the a nim a l ki ngdo m and not th at ,

of m a n a l o ne a nd e v e n o f th a t m a ny se e m l a m e nta bly ig nora nt ,

.

D r G ilfo r d o f Phil a d e lphi a w as di sa pp o i nte d i nthe p a p e r ; the

.
, ,

o l d vi e w s c o mb a te d ne v er ha d much p ro mi ne nc e a nd no b o dy ,

b e li e v e s high v a ul ts a nd sa ddl e ar ch e s are c a u se d by t humb suck -

i ng a nd ne i t h er are th e se c ondi t i ons a lw a y s i n c o mm on .

D r K i ng sl e y sa id the p a p e r ha s b e e n p r e tty w e ll c o mb ate d

. .

H e t h o ugh t i t h a r dly w o r th the rea di ng N e ver saw a hi gh .

v a ul t the re sul t o f t humb sucki ng or of any oth er sucki ng -

N e v e r saw a chi ld b orn wi th o v er one or tw o te e th and th e y w e re ,

A tendency to i rregul ar ity i s u nd oubte dly i nh e ri te d

,

re gul a r .

a nd t ra nsmi tte d the sa m e as the c o l or o f e y e s h a i r a nd c o m

, ,

pl e xi o n F ix e d fa mily typ es cannot b e ch ange d H e di d not

. .

lik e the id e a a s b roa ch e d by D r B arre tt that o u r nor m a l typ e o f .

,

ance stors w a s a ho
g E v e n D r B a r r e t t did no t i n the l east
. .

re m i nd hi m O f such t p e or anc e str y

y .

Wh e n w e h a ve a n i rre gul ari ty to c orre ct a nd m a k e up o u r ,

mi nd to do it the soo ne r w e go a b o u t i t the b e tter f or al l con

, ,

c erne d .

P r o f J a m e s T r um an sa w no e vid e nc e th at j a w s w ere gro wi ng

.
 SO C IE T IE S . 73

s m all e r a s the e ssayi st d e cl ar e d f o r if so the t im e migh t co m e

, ,

wh e n e ve n no j a w s w o uld e xi st I rre gul ar i t i e s c a nnot b e c on .

~

g e ni tal .

P ro f Pi e r ce b e li e v e d m o u th b re a thi ng a c onsid e ra bl e f a cto r i n

.
-

i rregul ari ti e s F oo d a l so ha d much to do wi th it a s no w w e do

.
,

not re qui r e a s stro ng m a stic a t i o n a s i n y e a r s g o ne by a nd the ,

re sul t i s, the j a w s are b e c o mi ng sm a ll e r ; a nd t hi s i s cl e a r ly

sh o w n by t he thi r d m o l ar s b e i ng f or c e d o u t of p ositi o n T he .

p rofe ssor i s u nd e rsto o d to b e a stro ng a dv o c ate of e v olu ti on I .

’
did not h e ar D r B o nw il l s p a p e r o n thi s subj e ct bu t u nd er stoo d
.
,

it c o mb a te d the vi e w s of the e ssayi st v e ry st ro ngly and w a s a

ge ne ra l pi tchi ng i nto the Whi te s and t he F i r st Di str ict S o ci e ty
”
.

D e ar d o c tor it d o e s not pay ; lif e i s too sh ort I t i s b e tter to

,
.

giv e a nd re c e iv e a li ttl e ta ffy h e re f or a s the I r i sh m an sa id

”
, , ,

“
wh e n w e are d e a d w e will b e d e a d a g oo d whil e T he w orld i s
,
”
.

a s i t i s a nd no o ne m a n ca n r igh t i t
,
Sugar i s sw e e te r th an .

vi ne g ar a nd d o e s attra c t m ore fli e s I f w e are no t a pp re ci ate d

,
.
,

ou r c o mpl a i ni ng w ill no t m a k e i t a ny b e t te r .

D r s D ar by a nd K i r k w e re to h a v e p r e se nt e d a c o mbi na ti o n
.

a per o n T h M n u l T r a i ni ng I d ea a s a F a ct o r i n D e nta l
“
p e a a

E duca ti on b ut b oth w er e u nabl e to b e p re se nt ; D r D ar by

”
,
.

h avi ng b ee n th r o w n f ro m hi s h o rse a nd b e i ng di sa bl e d f or the

l a st six w ee k s and D r K i rk w as v e ry ill wi th the pre v a ili ng
,
.

i nflu e nz a G re a t re gre t w a s e xp re sse d a nd a t e l e g ra m of sym

.
,

p athy w a s se nt to e a ch .

D r G e o S A ll e n re a d his p a p e r o n the
. . . Th e ory a nd P ra c “

t ic e i n the T r e a t m e nt of P ro xim a l Su rf a c e s T he p a p e r w a s .

v e ry l ong o ccupyi ng an h o u r a nd th re e qu arte rs and r e a d i n

,
-

so l o w a t one o f v o ic e th a t it w a s imp o ssibl e to h e ar a nd I a m ,

th e re for e u na bl e to giv e a c o rre c t id e a c o nc e rni ng it but g a th e re d ,

th at re a d b e tw ee n the li ne s : I t a dv o c a te d c o nto u r filli ng b u t ,

m any c onsid e rati o ns ha d to b e ta k e n i nto Vi e w such a s the ,

h e a l th of the p a ti e nt a bili ty to wi th sta nd the l o ng f a tigu e e tc

, ,
.

T he p a p e r w a s di scu sse d by D rs A tki nso n D w i ne l l e M e K e l .

, ,

l op Sh e ph e rd S to ck to n B arre tt K i ng sl e y O ttol e ngu i V a t

s
, , , , , ,
V

ki ns Perry a nd o th er s a nd ne arly a l l a dv o c a te d c o nto u r w o rk

, , ,

a nd the f o ll o wi ng a s f a r a s i t w a s p ra c tic a bl e t he typ e a nd

, ,

fo rm na tu re had give n u s a s he r g ra nd p a t te rn a s 0 11 thi s no , ,

imp ro v e m e nt c ould b e m a d e .
 TH E A R C HIVE S OF DEN T I S TR Y .

T he cli nic s w e re a succ e ss and m any u se ful a nd h elpful m o d es ,

o f p ra c tic e a nd tr e at m e nt w e r e illu stra te d a nd the m ee ti ng i n ,

a l l re sp e c ts w a s a g ra nd succ e ss a nd g re a t p ra i se i s i n the h e art s

o f al l f or i ts p r e sid e nt D r A L N o r thr op e w ho i s m a d e f or a
,
. . .
,

p re sid e nt f ro m the gro u nd up A nd al so al l h e arts are grate ful .

t o D r W a lk e r w ho simply o u t di d him se lf ; a nd thi s i s p ra i se

.
,

e no ugh T he m e e t i ng cl ose d wi th a b a nqu e t a t Cl ark s at “ ”

.
,

whi ch e v e r a hundre d w e re se ate d T he M e nu w a s e xc e ll e nt

”
.
“
,

a nd t he sp e e ch e s o f t he p re sid e nt D r s K i ng sl e y H ar l an J ar ,
.
, ,

v is ,
C ro u se M cK e l l ops D w i nel l e and F ra nc e s w e re the b e st
, ,

e v er m a d e by t h e m A nd t h e n w a s su ng A uld L ang Sy ne
.
" “

a nd C ro u se i s a Jolly G oo d F e ll o w and thu s cl o se d a t im e

“ ”
,

e v er to b e a gre en sp ot i n al l th e i r liv e s f ore v er a ft er

“
.

M A SSA C HU S E TTS D ENTAL S O CIE TY .

T he t w e nty fi f t h u l m e e ti ng w a s h e ld at the r oo m s o f the

-
a nn a

Y M C A B oyl ston S t B oston on Thursd ay and Fr id ay

. . . .
,
.
, , ,

D e c 1 2th a nd 1 3th Aft e r the ordi nary r outi ne bu si ne ss p ap ers

.
,

w e re pre se nte d by the fo ll o wi ng ge ntl e m e n : G L Pa r m e l e . .

,

H artford C onn on To oth pick s E W B ranigan .

,
“ -

. .
,

B o ston on S o m e C onclu si ons D ra w n Fro m a n I nspe c

,
“

t i on o f Op e rati ons in D ental I nfir m ary Pra ctice J K . .

Knight ,
B oston on T he R e l at i on of D e nta l S o ci e ti e s ,
“

t o the P r o fe ssi on ; G F Waters B o ston on A stigm ati sm . .

, ,
“
.

The annu a l a dd re ss w as d e li v e r e d by the R e v Al e x a nd er .

o f H ar v ar d U niv e rsi ty
M cK e nz i e D D ’
D r P ar m e l e s p a p er
,
. .
, . .

on To oth pick s w as a cu r i ou s and i nte re sti ng c o ll e cti on of

“ ” -

o dd a llu si ons i n g ene r a l li t erat u re to the subj e ct o f t oot h pick s -

a nd o th e r d e vic e s f or the c are of t he te e th .

’
D r B ra nigan s p a p e r se t f ort h sund ry li ne s of tre a t m e nt
.

which he ha d fo u nd v a lu a bl e i n i nfir m ary pract ic e and a l so con ,

e l u si o ns w hi eh he ha d d ra w n fr o m the i nsp e ct i on o f l ar g e num

b ers of d e nta l o p erat i ons Wi th r e gar d t o the l o cati on O f to oth .

a c h e he c a u t i o ne d a g a i nst p r o bi ng i nto su sp e ct e d c a vi ti e s a nd
, ,

t h er e by p ro duci ng gre at a ddi ti ona l p a i n a nd sp o k e of the a ccu ra te ,

k no wl e dg e to b e ga i ne d fro m g ener a l p re ssu re of the fi nge r o r ,

 SO C IE T IE S . 75

pe rcu ssi o n Such k no w l e dge sh o uld b e suppl e m e nte d by a f e w

.

l eadi ng q ue sti o ns to the p a ti e nt T he w ri te r b e li e v e d f a ci a l ne u

.

ra l ia a s a r ul e t o b e c a u se d by t ro ubl e i n the t ee th a nd i t s
g ,
.

, ,

c a u se sh o uld a lw ay s b e dilig e ntly so ugh t f or a nd if p o ssibl e , , ,

re m o v e d .

T he u se o f Ph e no l S o diqu e w a s v ery highly c o mm e nd e d a s

-

re li e vi ng p a i n a f te r e x tra c t i o n a nd as a rr e st i ng h e m orr h a g e
,
.

T he tre a tm e nt o f t e e t h h a vi ng d e a d p u lp s w as giv e n a s f o ll o w s
M ak e a f re e Op e ni ng i nto the pulp ch a mb e r a nd r o o t c a nal s .

Wash out th oroughl y wi th La b ar ra qu e s solu t i on p a ck in a te nt

’
,

o f c otto n sa tu r a t e d with O ] e uc a lyp t u s cl o se c avi ty l igh t l y a nd

.

l e av e f or tw o d ay s A t the e nd of t h a t tim e w ash a g a i n wi th

.

Lab arraqu e s solu ti on dry wi th alcoh ol a nd fill with oxychl o

’
,

rid e o f zi nc Pa i nt the gum o v e r the fill e d ro o t wi th i o di ne

. .

As a stoppi ng to h old arse nic i n a c a vi ty the w ri te r a dv o c a te d ,

w ax . Wh en thi s i s u se d p a i n i s rare ,
.

I n t he c a se o f a b sc e sse s which ar e b o u nd t o o p e n e xt e r nally ,

thi s t re a tm e nt w as a dvi se d : D ra w the pus hyp o d e r mic all y ,

i nserti ng the ne e dl e o n o u tsid e of the f a c e at a di stanc e f ro m the ,

p oi nt at whi ch the a b sc e ss te nd s to b re a k th e n a pply c old com ,

press O f c o u rse the off e ndi ng t ooth i s to b e p ro p e rly de a l t

.

wi th T he w r i te r ha d fo u nd chl ora t e of p ot a ssium to b e a v e ry

.

ce rt a i n cu re f or sto m a titi s .

D r J K K nigh t s p a p e r on T he R e l a ti on of D e nta l S o ci e
.
’ “
. .

t i e s t o the P ro f essi o n p o i nte d out som e of the Opp or tu ni ti e s

,

f or u se ful ne ss whi ch d e nta l so ci e ti e s sh o uld i mp ro v e a nd a l so ,

so m e o f the f a ili ng s t o which a l l so ci e t i e s are li a bl e T he w r i te r .

sa id t h a t the d e nta l so ci e ty sh o uld b e to the p r o f e ssi o n wh a t the

c oll e ge i s to the stud e nt I t S ho uld co nti nu e to the g ra du a te

.

c ou rse s of i nstr ucti on b e gu n inthe co ll e g e A g e nera l cr itici sm .

m ad e a ga i nst al l d e nta l so ci e ti e s w a s th a t th e y w e re to o num e r

o us . S e v era l so ci e ti e s c o v e re d the sa m e fi e ld a nd i n co nse ,

q uenc e t h e i r m e e t i ng s l a ck e d i nte re st a nd due a t te nd a nc e It .

’
w a s the w r it e r s o pi ni on th a t the S ta te S h o uld b e divid e d up i nto
di stricts a nd th a t e a ch di stri ct S h o u l d h a ve i ts so ci e ty wi t h re g
, ,

ul a r and f re qu e nt m e e ti ng s O nc e a y ear the di st ric t so ci e ti e s

.

S h o uld h av e a u ni o n m e e ti ng a nd thi s w o uld c o nstitut e a m e e t ~

,

ing o f the S ta t e so ci e ty A t c e rta i n l o ng e r i nte rv al s the so ci e

.
,
76 TH E A R C H I V E S OF DE N T T I S R Y .

ti e s o f the diff e re nt S tate s sh o uld h old a u ni o n m e e ti ng a nd t hi s ,

c o uld c onst i tu te a m e e ti ng of the nat i ona l so ci e ty .

T he a nnu a l a dd re ss w as d e liv e r e d by the R ev A l e x a nd e r .

M cK e nz i e D D of H a r v ar d U niv ersi ty T he subj e c t w as T he “

.
,
. .
,

Prof e ssi on its a dv a ntag es Oblig at i o ns a nd du ti e s

—
,
.
”

T he p ro f e ssi ons w e r e sa id to b e the o u t c o m e of the a nc i e nt

g uild s T h.e p r o f e ssi o ns a ccumul a te d v a st st o r e s O f k n o wl e dg e

u p o n sp e ci a l p o i nt s a nd g a v e t hi s k no wl e dg e f re e ly to e a ch o ne
,

o f i t s m e mb e rs T he p r o f e ssi ona l spi r i t w a s Opp o se d t o se cre cy ;

.

h e nc e it h a pp e ns th at to a l arg e e xt e nt i n a p r o fe ssi on e v e ry
, , ,

m an m ay b e a s str o ng a s a ny m an Thi s i s b e c a u se e a ch m e m .

b e r ha s f re e a cc e ss to the c o mm on stor e of k no wl e dg e a nd e xpe

r i e nce .T he c o mmu ni ty i s the ga i ner by t hi s arra nge m e nt .

M e mb er s of a p ro fe ssi on a r e in du ty b o u nd to ta k e p o sse ssi on O f

t he fu nd of k no wl e dg e a l r e a dy st ore d f or t h e i r u se a nd t h e n t o ,

a dd so m e thi ng to th a t a l r e a dy k no w n G re at m en we re sa id to .

b e a lw ay s g e ne ro u s a nd r e a dy t o giv e fo rt h wh a te v er c o uld b e o f
a dv a nta g e t o t h e i r f e ll o w m e n I ndividu a l se lf se e ki ng w as .
-
“

d e cl are d t o b e c o nt rary t o a pro f essi o na l spi r i t .

T he f o ll o wi ng li st of offi c e r s w ere ch o se n f o r the e nsui ng y e ar

P re sid ent R R And re w s ,
. l st V ic e P r e sid e nt G e org e
.
,
-

F Eam es M D
.
,
2d V ic e Pr e sid e nt J W B a ll D D S ;
. .
,
-

,
. .
,
. .

T re a su re r E Pa ge M D ,
. L ibra ri a n J Ki ng Kni gh t
,
. .
, ,
.
,

S e cr e tar y E O Ki nsm an ,
E x e cu tiv e C om
. .
,

m itt e e D rs Dwigh t M Cl a pp G A G e rr y W E B o urdman

,
. .
,
. .
,
. .
,

E dw W B ra nig a n H S D ra p e r C o mmi tte e o n Di r e c tory

. .
, . .

D r W E P age
. . . .

V UL C AN ZING THI C K R U BB ER I n vulc a nizi ng a pl a te m a d e t o

I .
—

re stor e the f e a tu res a ft e r t he r e m o v a l o f a t um o r a p r e ssu r e o f ,

e igh ty fi v e p o u nd s w as m a i nt a i ne d i n a S e a bu ry v ul c a niz er f or
‘
- -

t w o h o u rs wi t h m ost sa t i sf a c to ry re sul ts
,
T he r ubb e r whi c h .
,

i n pl a c e s w as q ui te h alf a n i nch thick w a s to ugh a nd so li d In ,

.

d r illi ng i nt o the thick e st p art to m a k e c e rta i n a tta chm e nts i t , ,

w as f o u nd to b e u nif or mly d e nse S o ns d ar k e l ast ic ”

A sh .
“
,

w as the r ubb e r e mpl oy e d H H K . . . .

 SO C IE T IE S . 77

T ENT H INTERNATIONAL M E D I C AL C ONGRE SS .

BE R L I N , 1 890 .

RE G ULA T ION S AN D P ROGRA MM E .

I . c l C o ngre s wi l l b e op e ne d i n B e l i n
T h e T e nt h I nt erna t i o na l M e d i a s r

o n M o nd y A ug u st 4 th 1 890 a nd w il l b e cl o se d o n S at u d y A u g u st 9th
a r a

T h C o ngre ss sh a l l c o nsi st o f l e g al l y q u l i fi e d m d i c l m e n w h o
.
, , , ,

I I . e a e a

h av i nsc i b d t h e m se l ve s a s M e m b s a nd h ve p a i d f or t h e i C d o f
e r e er a r ar

O th e m n of sc i e nc e w h o i nt e e st th e m se l ve s i n th w o k
,

M e mb e sh i p r r e r e r

x
.

of th e C o ngr e ss, m ay b e a d m i t t e d a s E tr a o r d i nary M e m b e r s

k
.

T h o se w h o t a e p ar t i n t h e C o ng re ss Sh a l l p ay $ 5 o n b e i ng e nr o l l e d a s

M e mb e rs For t h i s su m th ey S h al l re ce i v e a c o py o f t h e T r a nsa t i o ns c as

k
. ,

soon a s they a p p e a r. T he e nr o l l m e nt sh a l l ta e c
p l a e a t t h e b e g i nni ng o f
t he C o ngre ss . G e nt l e m e n m a y , h o w e v er, be e nr o l l e d a s m e m b e r s b y se nd

i ng th e a m o u nt o f the c
su b s r i p t i o n t o t h e T re a sur e r* wi th t he i r na m e ,

prof e ssi o na l st a t u s a nd re si d e n e a p p e nd e d c
j x cl ci e nt i fi c o ne
.

III T he . Ob e ct of t h e C o ng re ss i s an e u si v el y s .

IV . T he wo rk o f th e C o ng re ss wil l c
b e d i s h a rg e d b y e i gh t e e n d i ff e r e nt
S e cti o ns . T he me mb e r s S h al l d e l a r e c u p o n e nr o l l m e nt t o w h i h S e t i o n o r c c
S e c t i o ns t h e y i nt e nd m o r e p ar r l y t o a t t a h t h e m se l e s t i c ul a c v .

V T he C o mm i t t e e o f O rg a ni z a t i o n sh a l l , a t t h e O p e ni ng s i t t i ng o f t he
fi
.

C ongre ss, sugg e st th e E l e t i o n o f c a d e ni t e C o mm i tt e e ( o r B u re a u ) wh i ch

sh al l co nsi st o f a P re si d e nt , t hre e V i ce -
P re si d e nt s, a nd of a nu mb e r— as

y e t u nd e t e r m i ne d — of H o nor a ry P re si d e nt s a nd Se c re t a r i e s

fi
.

A t th e r st m e e t i ng of e a ch c
S e t i o n, a P r e s i d e nt a nd ce rtai n nu m b e r of
H on P re si d e nt s
. sh a l l be e l e ct ; t he se l a t t e r sh a l l
ed co nd uc t t h e b usi ne ss
of c
th e S e t i ons i n t ur n w i t h t h e P re si d e nt s .

O n a cco u nt of t h e d iff e r e nt l a ng u a ge s e m p l o y e d , a su i t a b l e nu m b er of

S e cr e t a ri e s sh a l l b e ch ose n f r om a m o ng th e f o r e i g n M e m b e r s T he d u t i e s
co nfi ne d t o th e si t ti ng s o f
.

of th e f or e i g n S e c r e t ar i e s sh a l l be th e C o ngr e ss .

A f t e r th e t er m i nat i o n of th e C o ngre ss, th e e d i t i ng o f t h e T ra nsa t i o ns c

sh a l l be ca rr i e d o u t by a C o m mi t t e , sp e c i al l y a p p o i nt e d f or t h i s p rp ose u .

VI . T h e C ongr e ss w i l l a sse m b l e d ail y , e i t he r f or a G e nera l M e e ti ng , or

f or th e l ab ors of t h e d i ff e r e nt S e t i o ns c
c l oc k
.

’
T he G e ne r a l M e e t i ng s w il l b e hel d b e t w e e n 1 ] a nd 2 O T h re e
k e p l a ce
.

su ch me e t i ng s w il l ta
fix
.

T h e t i m e f or t h e S i t t i ng s o f th e va r i o us c
S e t i ons w il l be ed b y th e
sp e c i a l committ e e of ea ch S e ct i o n i t b e i ng u nd e r st oo d , ho we ve r t h a t no
k e pl ce d u ing the
, ,

su ch si tt i ng s are to t a a r ho ur s a l l o tt e d t o the G e ne r a l

M e e t i ng s .

J o i nt si t t i ng s o f t wo or more S e c t i o ns m a y b e h e l d , p r ov id e d t h a t t he
B ure au of t h e C o ng re ss c a n O ff e r su i t ab l e roo m s f o r such si t t i ng s .

T ’
A dd M B AR B e rl i n SW P
d
re a s u re r s re ss : D r . . T EIS , .
, L e i pz ig e rs t ra s s e 75 .
— l e a s e to
e nc l o se a v i s i t i n g -
ca r .
h

i s TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN TI S TR Y .

VI I M e e ti ng s sh a l l b e d e
T he G e ne r e l vo t ed t o T r a nsa ct i ons co nne cte d
k
.

w i th t h e w or a nd g e ne ra l m a na g e m e nt of t h e C o ng r e ss ; S p e e ch e s a nd

c o mm u ni c a t i o ns o f g e ne ra l i nt e re st

VI I I x
.

A dd r e sse s i n th e g e ne r a l si tt i ng s, a s
. e l l a s i n a ny e t r a or d i nary w
w
m e e ti ng s h i ch m ay b e d e t e r m i ne d u p o n, c a n o nl y b e g i e n b y th ose w h o v
ha ve b e e n S p ci al l y e re q ue ste d b y t h e C o m m i tt e e of O rg a ni z a t i o n .

P o p sa l s r l a t i v
r o e e t o th e f ut u re m a na g e m e nt of th e C o ngr e ss m u st b e
a nno u nce d t o t h e C omm i t t e e of O rg a ni sa t i o n b e f ore J ul y 1 st , 1 890 . T he
C o m m i tt e e sh al l de ide c wh e th er t h e se p r o p o sa l s are su i t ab l e t o b e i nt ro
d u ce d f or d i s cu ssi on
q
.

IX . I n t he si tt i ng s o f t h e S e ct i o ns, u e st i o ns a nd p r o b l e m s w il l b e
d i sc usse d , wh i ch ha v e b een a gr e e d u po n b y the sp e c
i al C o mm i t t e e o f
O rg a ni z a t i o n T he c o mm u ni c a t i o ns o f t h ose a pp o i nt e d b y t he comm i t t e e

j
.

to re p or t o n a sub e ct ,
sh a l l f o rm t h e b a si s of dis cu ssi o n . A s f ar as time
m m u ni c a t i o ns or p ro p o sal s p r o ce e d i ng f r om m e m b e r s a nd
a l l o w s, o t h e r co ,

sa nc t i o ne d b y t h e C o m m i tt e e o f O rg a ni z a t i o n, m a y a l so b e i nt r o d u ce d f or

d i sc ussi o n . T he B ure au of e a ch S e c ti on d e c i d e s as t o th e a c ce p t a n e c of

su ch o fi ‘

c a t i ns nd s t t h o d e i n whi ch th y S h l l m e
e re d c o m m u ni o , a a o e r r e a c
o

b f or t h m t i ng
e e l w y s p ov i d e d t h t th i s p o i nt h s no t b e e n l e ad y
e ee ,
a a r a a a r

d t e m i n d i n t h si tt i ng i t se l f b y
e r e d c of th
e S ct i o n a e re e e e

S i nt i fi c q u t i o ns sh l l not b p ut t o t h vo t e
c e es a e e

X I nt d u c t y d d ss s i n th S ct i ons m u t as a ul no t x c e e d
.

. ro or a re e e e s ,
r e, e

t w nty m i nu te i n l ng th
e I n t h d i sc u s i o ns no m o e t h a n t n m i nu t s
s e e s r e e

ch sp e k
.
,

a re al l o w e d t o ea a er .

XI A l l d d s s nd p p e i n t h g e neral nd se c ti on l m e e t ing s
. a re s e a a rs e a a

m u st b h nd d v e t o t h e S c e t i e s i n w i t i ng b e f
a e o er t h e nd of th e e r ar ,
r ,
ore e

si t t i ng Th E d it i l C m m i tt eh l l d ci d W h e th e
or a nd t o wh t; o ee s a e e r— a a

x t nt th s w i tt n co nt i b uti ons h l l b i ncl ud d i n the p int d T ns

-
.

e e — e e r e r s a e e r e ra

a ct i o n o f th C o ngr ss T h m mb s w h h ve t k n p art i n t h
s e e e e er o a a e e

e q u e st e d t o h nd
.

d i c us i o ns w i l l b
s s ,
v t t h S c t i e s b e f or th e
e r a o er o e e re ar , e

e nd f t h d y i n w i t i ng t h e ub st nc
o e a ,
f th i em a k s r ,
s a e o e r r r .

XI I T h o ffi ci l l ng u g s of l l th si t t i ng s sh l l b G e m an E ngl i h
. e a a a e a e a e r , s ,

a nd F e nch r Th g ul t i ons t h e P ogr mm e nd t h e A g e nd a f

. e re t he d y
a , r a a or a ,

w i l l b p i nte d i n l l th e l ngu g
e r a r e a a e s.

I t w i l l h o we v b l l ow b l t m k u of
er,th l a ng u g e t h n th
e a a e o a e se o er a s a e

b ief r m k
,

a b ov f e or l w y s p vi d d t h t o n
r e f th M m b s p e s
ar s, a a ro e a e o e e er r

e nt i s w i l l i ng t o t r nsl t e th e g i t f u ch e m a k s i nt a ne f t h o ffi i l
a s o s r r o o o e c a

l au g u a g e s .

XI I I . T he a ct i ng p re si d e nt sh a l l c o nd u ct th e b u si ne ss of e ac h m e e t ing
a c cor d i ng t o th e p a rl i a m e nt a ry ru l e s g e ne r a l l y a cce p t ed i n d e l i b e r at i v e

a sse mb l i e s .

XI V p e r sons, l a d i e s a nd g e nt l e m e n, w h o
M e d i c a l S t u d e nt s, a nd o t h e r

k k
.

c
a r e no t P hy si i a ns, b u t w h o t a e a S p e i a l i nt ere st i n t h e or o f a p ar c w
t i c ul ar si t t i ng , m ay b e i n i t e d b y th e P re si d e nt , or b e al l o w e d t o a t t e nd v
t h e si t t t i ng b y S pe i a l p e r m i ssi o n c
q
.

XV . Co m m u ni c t i o n a s o r e n u i r i e s r e g a r d i ng t h e b u si ne ss of se p ar a t e
 SO C I E T I E S . 79

c
S e t io ns, m ust b e a d d re sse d to the m nag i ng me m b rs the re o f a e Al l o the r

c o m m u ni c a t i o ns a nd e nq u i i es m u st b e d i e c t e d t o t h
.

G e ne ra l r r e S e c r e t a ry ,
D R . L AS S AR B e rl i n , , N W .
,
1 9 K a rl str asse .

T H E C O M M I T T E E O F O R G A N I Z AT I O N O F S E CT I O N 14 D E N T AL AN D O R AL S U R G E R Y .

B us h , c B e rl i n N W Ale x a nd e r U f e r b ; C a l a i s, H a m b u rg ; H e sse , L e i p
‘

k
-
.
,

z ig ; Fr ic e, Kiel ; H o l l a nd e r, H a l l e ; M i l l e r B e rl i n ; P ar t s h , B r e sl a u ;
, c
B e rl i n ; W e i l , M u nche n
'

S a ue r , .

“ AS H I N G T O N
I
C I T Y D ENT AL S O C IE T Y .

Wa shi ngt o n Ci ty D e nta l S o ci e ty h e ld it s a nnu a l m ee ti ng

T he .

"
D ec 1 7th a nd e l e c te d the f o ll o wi ng o ffi c e r s f o r the e nsui ng
.
,

y e ar : D r H B No bl e P re s ; D r E R R u st V ic e P re s ; D r
. . .
,
. . .
,
-

O D D a rre ll S e cy ; D r R B D o nald so n T re a s ; D r R H
. .
,
. . . .
,
. . . .

G u nne ll L ib rar i a n ; D r J H L e wi s E ssayi st

,

.
,
. . .
,

A fte r the e l e cti on of office rs D r E R R u st re a d an i nte r ,

. . .

e st i ng e ssa y o n the C e r vic a l W a ll P ro xim a l F illi ng s a nd “

,
”
,

F illi ng M ate r i al Af te r a sump tu o u s d i nne r a t the Sh o re h am

.
,

D r N o bl e i ntro duc e d the t o ast m aste r D r E R R u st

. Dr R -

,
. . . . . .

B D o na ld son re sp o nd e d to the toa st

.
" T he W ashi ng to n Ci ty ,

D e nta l S o ci e ty i n a h appy sp e e ch givi ng i n d e ta il i ts hi st o ry

”
, ,

f o r the p a st tw e nty y e ars a nd the p r e se nt b righ t p rosp e c ts o f ,

the S o ci e ty D r H B N o bl e r e sp o nd e d to the to ast o f the

. . . .

"N a t i o na l D e nta l A sso ci a t i ons a nd sp o k e o f the v a r i o u s a sso ”

,

c i a tio ns o f a na ti o na l ch ara c te r a nd o f the ne e d o f a na ti o na l ,

a sso ci a ti o n i n Offici a l c o mmu nic a t i o n wi t h the g o v er nm e nt D r . .

l D o nne lly sp o k e o f the u rg e nt ne e d o f l e gi sl a ti o n a nd o f

.

l a w s go v e r ni ng t he p ra c t ic e O f d e nti stry in the Di strict of C o lum

b ia D r L C F H ugo g a v e a v e ry cl e a r sta te m e nt o f the ne e d
. . . . .

a nd ne c e ssi ty o a g o o d d e nta l e duc a t i o n D r J H L e wi s . . . .

g a v e a v e ry g ra phic a cc o u nt Of th e re c o g niz e d imp o rta nc e o f

p ro th e tic d e nti stry i ts a dva nc e s a nd Opp o rtu niti e s , .

D rs Th o mp so n W a d sw o r th H ill s H a r b a n R ich Smy th e

.
, , , , ,

a nd M cFa r l a n r e sp o nd e d to v a ri o u s to a sts .

T he S o ci e ty m e e t s e v e ry thi rd Tu e sd a y i n e a ch m o nth .

0 D D ARRELL S ec eta ry . .
, r .
80 T TY TH E A R C HIVE S OF DE N I S R .

C ALL FOR AN I NT ERNA TIONAL D EN T AL

C ONGRE SS IN 1 892 .

A t t he ni ne te e nt h mi annu a l m e e t i ng o f the N e w J e rsey

se -

S tat e D e nta l S o ci e ty h e ld a t the o ffic e o f D r S C G W at

,
. . . .

ki ns M o nt cl a i r N J S a tu r d ay J a nu ary 1 1 th the f o ll o wi ng
, ,
.
, ,

re so lu t i o n w a s p asse d

D e e mi ng i t fi tt i ng a nd the p r op e r t im e f o r h o ldi ng a n I nt e r
,

na t i ona l D e nt a l C o ng r e ss i n the y e ar 1 892 the N e w J e r se y ,

S tate D e nta l S o ci e ty ha s a pp o i nte d a c o mmi tte e to a ct in c o op -

c ra ti o n wi t h lik e c o m m i tt e e s f ro m o t h e r d e nt a l so ci e t i e s thr o ugh

o u t t he U ni t e d S ta t es Th e y w o uld re qu e st a l l so ci e ti e s t o
.

a pp o i nt c o mmi tt e e s t o m e e t wi th th e m a t t he H o ffm an H o u se ,

N e w Y or k o n Tu esd ay a f te r no o n A p r il 8th to f or mul a t e pl a ns

, , ,

f o r the h o ldi ng O f the F i r st I nt e r nat i ona l D e nta l C o ngr e ss .

T ru st i ng t h at t hi s will m e e t wi t h appr o v al a nd t h at al l so ci e ,

t i e s will a pp o i nt d e l e g a te s a t o nc e .

Yo u rs v e ry r e sp e ctfully ,

S C G WA T KIN S P res t
. . .
’
C S S T O C K T ON , ,
. .
,

G E O EM ERY AD A M S V P res t O S C AR A D E L B E R C
’
.
, ,
.

CHARLE S A MEEKE R S ec y ’
. B F L U C KEY , ,
. .
,

G E O C BRO W N T w as. . C F W H OL B ROOK

,
. . . . ,

FR E D A L EVY . E M BEE S LEY

,
. .
,

A R E A TON . . H ENRY A H ULL

,
.

G CAR LE T ON BRO W N
. WOR T HI N G T ON PINNEY ,
.

JA M E S G PAL M ER . .

CHA R LE S A MEEKE R S ecreta ry .

, .

TH S U P RE M E COUR T OF N E W H AM PS HIRE ha s d e cid e d t h at

E

t he S t a te l aw re qui r i ng a lic e nse f or the p ra c t ic e o f m e dici ne ,

su r g e ry a nd d e nti stry i s u nc o nst i t u ti o na l

'

Jl[edz ca l R ecor d .
—

Ja nu a r y 1 ] 1 890 .

ST . L OUI S DEN T AL SO C IE T Y g ul ar m e e.t i—

ng T he ne x t
wil l re

be h e ld the 1 st T u sday i n F e b r u ar y P arl o r 22 L i nd e ll H o te l , ,

.

T he Offic e r s f or 1 890 will b e i nsta ll e d t he ne w p re sid e nt d e liv er

hi s a dd r e ss , a nd o t h e r bu si ne ss tr ansa c t e d .
 C e rre s pe nde ne e .

C ON C ERNING T H E D EN T AL S E CT ION O F T H E T EN T H
INT ERNATIONAL M E D I C AL C ONGRE SS .

I n re sp o nse t o a c a ll o f the o rga nizi ng c o mmi tt e e (P ro f e sso r s

V i r ch o w V 0 11 B e rg m ann a nd W a ld e y e r) fif ty d e l e g a te s fro m
, ,

t he v a r i o u s u ni v e r si t i e s a nd m e dic a l so ci e ti e s o f G e r m a ny m e t ,

in H e id e lb e rg o n t he 1 7th of S e p te mb e r 1 888 t o t a k e ste p s i n

, , ,

the org a niz a t i on o f t he C o ng re ss A t the m e e ti ng i t w a s

.

d e cid e d th a t the C ong re ss sh o uld b e h e ld i n B e rli n b e gi nni ng ,

A ugu st 4 th a nd cl osi ng A ugu st 1 0th 1 890

.
,
.

A n o rg a nizi ng c o mmi ttee c o nsi st i ng o f P ro f s D r V i r ch o w

,
. .
,

V o n B e rgm a nn L e yd e n a nd W a ld e y e r w a s e l e c te d a nd a ge n
, , ,

e r a l se c r e ta r y D r L a ssar
,
. a pp o i nt e d ,

E ighte e n Se cti ons i ncludi ng d e nta l su rg e ry w ere org aniz e d

, , ,

e a ch wi t h a sp e ci a l c o mmi tt e e o f ni ne m e mb e r s .

A n i nte rnat i o na l m e dic o se i e ntifi c e xhibi t i o n i s to b e c o nne c t e d

-

wi th the C o ng re ss S tatu te s a nd p rogra mm e w e re a d o p te d

.
,

which will b e giv e n in a s f a r a s th e y p ar ticul arly c onc e rn t he

d e ntal se c t i o n .

A r t II . .T he C o ng r e ss c o nsi st s o f phy sici a ns ( a ppro b i r t e n

“

A e rz te n) w ho h a v e re gi ste r e d th e i r na m e s a nd Ob ta i ne d t h e i r
,

m e mb e rship c a rd s O th e r sa v a nts w ho a re i nt er este d i n the

.

w o rk O f the C o ng re ss m ay b e a dmi tte d a s e x tr a o rdi na ry m e m

,

b e rs.
”

T he d e l e ga t e s did no t se e fit t o ch a ng e t hi s ar t icl e so a s t o
i nclud e d e nta l su rg e o ns b ut d e cid e d th a t t he a r ticl e S h o ul d b e S O
,

i nte rp re te d a s to a dm i t d e nti sts to m e mb e rsh ip Si nce the .

m e e ti ng a t H eid e lb e rg t he qu esti o n ha s b e e n ra i se d wh e th e r
,

d e nti sts re sid e nt in G e r m a ny b u t no t p o sse ssi ng the G e r m a n

,

d e nta l a pp ro b a ti o n ( d e g re e ) c o uld b e a dmi tte d to m e mb e rshi p

,
.

Re gardi ng thi s p o i nt the ch a i rm a n o f t he c o mmi tte e o f o rgani

,
82 TH E AR C H I VE S OF DEN T I S TR Y .

z a ti o n, d e cid e d th a t o nly those w ho p o sse ss the re c o g niz e d

d e g re e of th a t c o u ntry o f which t h e y a re ci tiz e ns m ay b e ,

a dmi tt e d t o m e mb e r ship .

A G e rm a n ci tiz e n h oldi ng o nly an Am e ric a n o r Swi ss d e gre e

i s t h e r e f or e no t e nt i tl e d t o m e mb e rship : no m ore i s a n A m e r i
, ,

ca n O r E ngl i sh ci t iz e n no t p ossessi ng t he d e g re e o f hi s o w n

c o u ntry ; o n the o th e r ha nd f ore ign ci tiz e ns pr a ct ici ng in G er ,

m a ny a re a dmi t t e d wi th o u t the G e r m a n d e g re e p ro vid e d t h e y ,

h a v e the d e g re e of th e i r o w n c o u ntry .

M e mb ers pay a f e e o f t w e nty M ar k s a nd r e c e iv e a

co py of the transa c ti o ns .

A rt III . T he o bj e c t of the C ong r e ss i s e xclu siv e ly se i e n

.

t ifi c .

A rt . X . A ll l e c t u res
c o mmu nic at i o ns i n the g e ne ra l sit
a nd

t i ng s o r i n those o f t he S e c t i o ns mu st b e h and e d i n w 1 i ti ng
, , , ,

to the se cI e t a b e fo re t he cl o se of the si tti ng T he e di tor i a l .

c o mmi tte e d e cid e s w he th e r or in wh a t p a rt such co mm u ni ca , ,

t i o ns sh a ll b e i nclud e d i n the publi sh e d t r a nsa c t i ons .

A rt XI . T he o ffici a l l angu a g e s o f a l l si tt i ng s a re G e r m a n
.
,

E ngli sh a nd Fre nch V e ry sh ort re m ark s m ay b e m ad e i noth er

.

l angu a g e s p ro vid e d so m e m e mb e r i s pr e p a r e d t o t ra nsl a te t h e m

,

i nto o ne of t he Offici a l l a ngu a g e s .

A r t XII . L e cture s are a s a r ul e to b e limi te d to t w e nty

.
, ,

mi nu t e s ; di scu ssi o na l r e m ark s to te n mi nu te s .

Art X I V . S tud e nts o f m e dici ne a nd o th e r p e rso ns g e ntl e

.
,

m e n a nd l a di e s w ho are no t phy si ci a ns b u t are i ntere st e d i n the

, ,

p ro c e e di ngs of a ny p ar ticul a r se ssi on m ay b e i nvi t e d by the i

,

the p r e sid e nt o f t h a t se ss10 n or o n a pplic a t i on r e c e iv e p erm i s , ,

si o n t o a tte nd a s a udi to r s .

Th e re are to b e no vic e p re sid e nts a sso ci a te d wi th the C on -

gre ss b ut e a ch S e c t i o n i s e mp o w e re d t o e l e ct a limi te d numb er

,

o f h o no r ary p re sid e nt s a nd a se cre t ar y f or e a ch o f the o ffici a l

,

l a ngu a ge s .

T H E C O MM I TT EE O F T H E D EN T AL S E C T I ON I S C O MP O S E D A S

FOLLO W S
Bu sch B e rli n N W A l e x a nd e r U f e r 6 ; C a l a i s H a mbu rg ;
,
.
,
-

H e sse L e ipzig ; Frick e K i e l H oll ander H all e Mill e r B e rli n;

, , , ,

P artsch B resl a u ; S a u e r B er li n ; W e il Mu nch e n

, , ,
.
 CORRE S PON D EN C E . 83

At m e e ti ng o f thi s c o mmi tte e h e ld 0 11 the l 6th O f O c t o b e r

a , ,

1 889 i t w a s d e cid e d tha t the h o u rs f ro m 9 1 2 A M sh o uld b e — . .

d e vo te d to p ra c tic a l d e m o nstra t i o ns i n the ro o m s O f t he d e nta l

i nsti tu te ; the d e m o nstr a ti o ns to c o nsi st o f o p e ra ti o ns I n filli ng ,

e x tra c t i ng a nd i n m e ch a ni c a l d e nt i stry ; i n sh o r t o p e ra t i o ns i n ,

a l l b ra nch e s O f o p e ra t iv e a nd m e ch a nic a l d e nt i st ry .

D e m o nst ra t i o ns i n e x tra c ti o ns a nd i n a r tifici a l w o r k a re to b e

u nd e r the di re c ti o n o f P ref Bu sch ; th o se i n filli ng u nd e r t h a t .

o f P r o f Mill e r T h e th e o r e ti c a l e x e r ci se s e tc a r e to b e h e ld
. .
,
.
,

fro m 2 5 Th e y w ill c o nsi st o f the u su a l e ssa y s o r l e c tu re s

—
.
, ,

a nd the a cc o mp a nyi ng di scu ssi o ns b e sid e s th e se th re e subj e c ts ,

f or g e ne ra l di scu ssi o n a r e t o b e ch o se n o ne t o b e i nt r o duc e d i n ,

the G e rm a n l a ngu a g e ( o n b r o mid e o f e thyl by P r o f D r H o ll an . .

=

de r ) o ne i n the E ngli sh a nd o ne i n t he F re nch l a ngu a g e

,
.

Th o se d e si r i ng to d e liv e r l e c tu r e s or r e a d e ssay s o n p ar t icul a r

subj e c ts a r e r e qu e st e d to se nd i n a l o ng wi t h t h e i r a nno u nc e
,

m e nt a v e ry sh o r t r é sum é o f t he c ont e nt s o f the sa m e

,
.

C orre sp o nd e nc e i n G e r m a n l a ngu a g e to b e di r e c te d to P ro f D r
Bu sc h Ch a i rm a n D o rsthe e nS tr 4 0 B e r li n ; i n F re nch l a ngu a g e
. .

, ,
.

to D r C a l a i s H o he nb l e i che n 1 7 H a m bu rg ; i n E ngli sh t o P ro f
.
, , , .

D r Mill e r V o ss S tr 82 B e rli n
.
,
. .

I n A m e r ic a D rs B ar re tt a nd T a f t ; i n G r e a t B r i ta i n M r
,
.
,
.

J H Mumm e ry & c a nd M r W B o wm a n M a cl e o d
’

,
. .
,
. . .
,

& c h a v e o n i nvi ta t i o n by the c o mmi tte e e xp r e sse d

.
, , ,

th e i r willi ng ne ss to a ct i n the c a p a ci ty o f h o no r a ry p re sid e nt s .

W D M I LLE R . . .

AN O PEN LETTER T O D R L . . P . H AS K I L L .

FO R TH E AR C HIVE S .

Y ou ask why
b so rb t i o n is g re ate r i n the l o w e r th a n i n
the a

the u pp e r j a w Th e re are tw o c a u se s T he l o w e r a lv e oli is

. .

thi nne r a nd t he sa m e a pp e ars g re a te r wh e n it i s no t so ; g ra vi

,

ta t io n o f f o o d p re ssu re o f t o ngu e a nd lip s a nd u su a lly py o r

, ,

rh esa a lv e o l a r i s a tt a ck s the i nf e r i o r fi rst .

Yo u r h e a vy pl ate s are w ro ng I t i s no t we igh t but siz e fit .

, , ,

a nd a rt icul a ti o n t h a t h o ld s the pl a te .
84 TH E A R CH I V E S OF DE N TI S T R Y .

I n ta ki ng imp re ssi o n f or a l o w e r flat j a w use a fla t cup

an ,

ne a r ly a s l a rg e a s will go i nto the m o u th ( pl a ste r t hi n) to f or c e ,

t he c he e k s a nd lip s o u t ; a f te r i t i s a dj u ste d ra i se t he t o ngu e ,

a nd w o r k i t f ro m sid e to sid e u nt il t he pl a ste r se t s ; wh e n i t i s

o u t f e e l a lv e o l a r r idg e
,
t h e n sc ra p e the c e nte r o f t he b o tto m
,

f ro m the se c o nd m ol a r o n e a ch sid e a nd i n so m e j a w s th e re a re —

t w o r idg e s wh e re the m o l a rs w e re : e a ch S h o uld b e sc ra p e d

'

se p a r a te ly a nd wh e re t h e re a re a ny lump s o r sh ar p e dg e s sc r a p e
, .
,

a l so so the pl a t e will p r e ss h a r d e st o n the so f t p a rt s

,
T he pl at e .

sh o uld h a v e a wid e r i m o n the l a bi a l si de f or t he ch e e k s a nd L —

lip s to h o ld to its pl a c e .

O n t he li ngu a l S id e l e a v e i t fla t a nd as wid e as the t o ng ue

will p e rmit a nd c onc a v e f ro m the e dge t o the te e th to giv e r o o m
, ,

to the t o ngu e .

Fo r a high r idg e sc ra p e so a s to ra i se the pl ate O ff the t op

, ,

o r high p a r ts a nd d o no t l e t i t r un t o o l o w d o w n
,
.

H a v e not sa id a ny thi ng a b o u t upp e r pl ate s as y ou u nde rstand ,

’
how t o m a k e t h e m o nly d o n t l e t i t r u n o n t he so ft p a l a te .

T o ge t a n a rticul at i o n pu t t ri pl a t e s i n the m o u t h a nd m ar k
,
-

c e nte r ; a dj u st te e th o n b o th pl a te s ; h a v e b i cu pids a nd m o l ar s
as l o ng a s i nci sor s ; h a v e p a t i e nt st a ndi ng as t h e y bi t e tr u er ,

tha n wh e n si tt i ng ; a f te r cl o si ng the m o u t h h o ldi ng upp e r pl a t e ,

wi t h t he t ongu e l oo k at i t ; if it i s not r igh t ch a nge the tee th

, ,

t ill t h e y a re f aste n wi t h w a x a nd pu t t h e m i n a B onwill a r t icul a

,

to r which p e r mi ts of t he l a t e ra l a nd f or w a r d m o v e m e nt s of the
,

j a w s I f the bi te i s r igh t a nd te e t h pro p e r l e ngth the re will

.
, ,

b e a h ar m o ny o f t he f a c e lip s a nd te e th ,
Gri nd t he l ow e r .

f ront bl o ck s fi rst t h e n t he upp e r f ro nt bl o ck s m ov e the articu

,

l ator so as t o h a v e the l atera l a nd forw a r d m o v e m e nt of the j aw .

Gr i nd the l o w e r bi cu spid s ne x t th e n t he upp e r bic uspid s ,

l e a v e th e m l o ng e no ugh t o a ll o w t he i nci so rs to slid e p a st o ne

a no the r wi t h t he diff e r e nt m o ti o ns ; m a k e the fi r st l o w e r m o l a r

a li t tl e S h o rt e r t h a n t he bicu spid s a nd the se c o nd m ol a r a li tt l e

,

l o ng e r wi th the b a ck c or ne r a li tt l e high e r t h a n the f ro nt c orne r

, .

T he upp e r m o l a rs : T he fi r st t o o th sh o uld b e t he l o ng e st a nd se t ,

so a s t o art icul a t e wi t h the fi rst l o w e r m o l a r ; se c o nd upp e r

m ol ar sh o uld b e sh o r te r so a s to b a re ly to uch the l o w e r m o l ar :

,

so wh e n the t e e th are cl o se d t he l o w e r pl a t e will b e h e ld f ro m

protr udi ng .
 CORRE S PON D EN C E . 85

T he u te r ri m will a ssi st in ho ldi ng i t d o w n a nd to its pl a c e

o
,
.

I ha v e m a d e l o we r pl a te s se v e n e igh th s of a n i nch w id e w orn -

wi th c o mfo rt .

M a k e the h a rd e st bi te o n the bicu spid s to m ak e p re ssu re o n ,

the middl e o f t he pl a te S e nd m e y o u r b oo k
S O L H ORINE
. .

B o u rbo n M o ,
.

D R . G A BO W M AN sa y s p ai nl e ss de nti stry i s a m i sno m e r

. . .

T he re i s i nthe na tu r e o f t he c a se no such t hi ng W e a s d e nt i sts

, ,
.
,

are w o r ki ng up o n a s hig hly o r g a niz e d t i ssu e a s t h e r e i s i n t he

b ody wi th impl e m e nts no so f te r th a n st e e l Th e n ho w can w e .

,

o r o u r p a t i e nt s b e d e c e iv e d i nt o b e li e vi ng t h a t o p e r a ti o ns o n
,
’
th e se o rg a ns c a n b e m a d e a b so lu te ly p a i nl e ss ? I t s a mi sta k e .

P a i n i s m a nif o ld i n ki nd a nd d e g re e M e nta l suff e ri ng i s

,
.
,

m a ny t im e s f a r m o re p a i nful to b e ar th an phy si c a l suffe r i ng ;

,

a nd t hu s o u r p a t i e nts suff e r wh e n t h e y t h i nk o f p a yi ng u s a

vi si t l o ng b e f or e th e y t a k e a se at in the ch a i r w hich f o c a liz e s

, ,

a nd i nte nsifi e s t h e i r a g o ny T he fi r st t hi ng t o a ll a y i s t hi s
.

d re a d ; thi s m e nt a l m o nste r mu st b e l a id l o w th rough symp a ,

thi e s a nd ki nd ne ss a ssu ra nc e th a t the Phi li st i ne s a re d e a d a nd

, ,

f ri e nd s are ne a r G e ntl e ness qui e tne ss ; l e t e v e ry t hi ng th a t

.
,

p e rta i ns to the o p e ra t i o n b e k e p t i n t he re ar H a v e so m e thi ng .

p a ti e nts c a n se e th a t will a mu se o r d e ligh t th e m l e t su nshi ne

i nto y o u r o p e ra ti ng r oo m ; b e ch e e rful y o u rse lf Th e re i s no .

o ne r ul e which f oll o w e d will b r i ng p e a c e ; nor o ne m e dic a m e nt

,

which will i n al l c a se s o b tu nd se nsibili ty ; b ut much sufle ring ca n

'

b e a v o id e d by u si ng t he m e a ns a l re a dy sugg e st e d by p re vi o u s
sp e a k e rs .

D ry ne ss w ar m a ir a nd w ar m a pplic ati o ns : e v e n t h e se giv e

, ,

m ore or l e ss p a i n u nl e ss a d ro i tly u se d ,
C a u stic po tta ssa is .
-

m o st her oi c a nd a nd m o st u se ful .

Ra pidly re v ol v i ng bu rs a lw ay s cu tti ng to w a rd s the p e riph ery

,

w i th e v e ry i nstrum e nt to su m i t a l l up : B e ch e e rful h o ne st
—
, ,

tru thful use ta c t j udg e m e nt skill g entl e ne ss a nd succ e ss will

, , , ,

cro w n y o u r e ffo rts .

 E XTRA CT .

D R HE A S A DD RE S S O F “ E L C O M E T O T H E EA S T ERN IO W A A S S O C I
R
’ I

A T ION AT I T S RE C EN T M EE T ING A T M AR S H AL T O W N
.

,
.

G entl e m e n Yo ur s i s a n imp o rtant a nd h onora bl e p rofe ssi on .

Whil e i t I s l e ss t h an a h u nd re d y e ars si nc e it b e c a m e a di sti nct

pr o f e ssi on it i s i n the o ry a nd p ra ct ic e a s ol d as H er o d otu s .

T he a dv a nce m e nt a nd imp ro v e m e nt i n y o u r p ro f e ssi o n S i nc e t he

d ay s o f J o h n G re e nw o od the fi rst A m e r ic a n d e nti st h a v e b e e n
, ,

e qu a l e d o nly by t he simil ar a dv a nc e m e nt i n m e dic a l k no wl e dg e

a nd S kil l ,
a nd i nd e e d t he t w o a r e so cl o se ly a lli e d i n m any

ph ase s of the i r a pplicat i o n th at t h ey mu st a dv a nc e t o ge th e r

,
.

T he fr a t e r na l f e a tu re i n t h e se d ay s o f c o mp e t i t i o n a nd selfi sh
ne ss i s a dmi ra bl e . Y o u m e e t f o r c o u nse l a nd mu t u al h e lp .

A m ong the m any h e lp s a nd v alu a bl e id e a s which co m e t o y ou

i n y o u r a sso ci at i o ns w e do not f or g e t th a t the m a gni t ud e a nd
,

m p o r t a ne e o f y o u r w o r k to t he g e ne ral public will w a rr a nt the

e ar ne st d e v o t i on y o u pay t o y o u r p r o f essi o n Y o u are i ndi sp e n
.

S ibl e to gr a c e fu l a nd di st i nc t sp e e ch Were i t not f o r y o u r ski ll

.

ho w m a ny w o uld u tt e r ly f a il i n the pulpi t a nd o n the r o str um ?

A v a st co mp a ny of m en and w o m en of fi rst cl a ss tal ent w ori l d -

h a v e to r e ti re f ro m th e se imp o rtant pl a c e s A s an illu stra ti on

.
,

o ne o f t he m o st succ e ssf ul E v a ng e li sts o f o u r a e up o n wh ose

g ,
’
lip s rap t a udi e nc e s w a i t wi th d e ligh t h asn t a to oth i n he r h e a d
, ,

e xc e p t a s fu r ni sh e d by yo u r skill O rato ry w ould d e cline and

.

b e l o st a lm o st w e r e i t not f or y o u r a bili ty t o supply o ne o f the

,

m o st imp ortant org ans o f sp e e ch .

Y o u fi nd a m o ng y o u r a sso ci a te s g e m s o f f r i e nd ship as w e ll ,

as k no wl e dg e . T he a sso ci a t i o na l id e a a nd p r a c t ic e h a v e ri d t he
p ro f e ssi o n of the p e r ip at e ti c r e d hot qu a ck thu s givi ng se cu ri ty
,
-

t o t he public a g a i nst a gig a nt ic f r a ud a nd c r imi na l b o t ch T he .

o l d Slu r of t oo t h c a r p e nt e r a w br e ak e r as no l o ng e r
” ”
a nd
j h
( 86)
 SELE C T ION S . 87

a pl a c e in d e c e nt S p e e ch o r se nsi bl e th o ugh Y o u r p o s i ti o n i s t

re c o g niz e d a s d e m a ndi ng a nd c o mm a ndi ng the b e st i nt e ll e c t t he ,

‘

hi g h e st skill a nd p ro f o u nd e st sci e ntific k no wl e dg e a nd he nc e

.
, ,

o u a re a pp re ci a te d in p ro p o r t i o n a s y o u b ri ng the se qu a li ti e s
y
a nd a tt a i nm e nts i nto y o u r no bl e p ro f e ssi o n .

“ e ho p e y o u wil l fi nd i t g o o d to b e h er e a nd wh e n y o u l e a v e
r
,

ch e ri sh the wi sh to c o m e ag a i n W e bid yo u w e lc o m e a nd .
,

e x te nd to y o u the go o d wi sh e s O f a no bl e ci tiz e nship a nd the

f re e d o m o f a t h r ivi ng ci ty A nd if whil e y ou a r e wi t h u s y o u
.
. ,

sh o uld di sc o v e r a ny p ro c e ss by which y o u c a n e x t ra c t t he g r ipp e

o f o u r ci ty o r kill the ne r v e i n i t o r t a k e t he a ch e o u t o f i t w e
, , ,

sh a ll e v e r g rat e fully r e m e mb e r y o u r vi si t a nd sta y a m o ng us as

o ne o f t he g o ld e n d a y s o f o u r e xi st e nc e Wh e n m a n c o mpl a i ns .

o f f e v e r a nd a gu e c hil l b l a i ns i t ch che ge rs fli e s m o squi to s

,
, , , , ,

gnats lumb ag o hay fe v e r c ra mp co l i c a nd e v e ry o th e r o rdi

, ,
-

, , ,

na ry a ilm e nt e v e n A r k a nsa w m a ng e j u st giv e him the g rip

— —m

o nc e a nd he ne v e r will b e h e ar d to c o mpl a i n a ny m o r e o f the

trifli ng ill s a nd a ilm e nts o f lif e O ne g r ipp e will qui e t hi m

. .

A ga i n w e bid y o u a h e ar ty w e lc o m e .

D R J B N E w nr z I mu st c onf e ss th a t my h o p e s h a v e so
. . .
—

Of te n b e e n d ash e d to the g ro u nd th a t wh e n I h e ar o f so m e ne w
,

o b t u nd e nt o r a sp e ci a lly p a i nl e ss m o d e o f o p e ra t i ng t h a t I a cc e p t
,
,

it wi th a du e a ll o w a nc e f o r a p a r ti a l if no t c o mpl e t e f a ilu re , , .

N e w sh a rp bu rs wi th v e r v r a pid m o ti o n no t a ll ow e d to re m a i n ,

l o ng in o ne pl a c e so a s t o a v oid h e ati ng i s the m o st succ e ssful

, ,

p a i nl e ss o pe a ti ng I h a v e y e t f o u nd ; it is o f te n m a te ri a lly
assi ste d by f re qu e nt ly wipi ng o u t t he a v it wi t h 0 c b lic '

y 1 0 P H I a r o / ,

a cid . I g e ne rally u se the r ubb e r da m f ro m the b e gi nni ng o f t he

o p e ra t i o n .

P a i n i ne vi ta bly fo ll o w s the use o f dull bu rs a l so sh a rp o ne s ,

if h e ld i n o ne p o si ti o n l o ng e no ugh to c a u se h e a t by fric ti o n .

H a v e no t u se d co c ai ne wi th th e e l e ctr ic b a tte ry so ca nnot ,

sp e a k o f it k no wi ngly e xp e c t t o sh o rtly b e a bl e to do so tho ugh

,

i t i s my fi r m c o nvic ti o n th a t e v e nt u a ll y the p a c tice w ill b e '

ro bb e d o f th at te r ro r i t no w has to m o st o f m a nk i nd .
 E e e fi D e fine s .

TRAN S A C T ION S OF T HE I N D IANA S T A T E DEN T AL A S S O C IA T ION

THI R T Y F IR S T A N N U AL ME E T ING HEL D A T I N D IANA P OLI S T UE S
-

, ,

D AY ,
JUNE 2 5t h 1 889 C ON T INUING THREE DAY S , ,
Publi sh e d .

f or the A sso ci a t i o n by M R S W M H E R R E A T T I ndi a na p ol i s . . .

,
.

I n t hi s publi sh e d re p ort the S o ci e ty m a k e s a v ery c r e di t a bl e

sh o w i ng T he r e p or t e mb r a c e s t w e lv e e ssa y s se v e r a l o f which
.
,

a r e a b o v e the a v e r a g e so ci e ty p a p e r s T he di sc u ssi o ns a re .

i nt e re stl y i nstr uc tiv e a nd r e a d a bl e r e fl e c t i ng c r e di t u p o n the ,

e di t o r s a s w e l l a s m e mb e r s T he typ o gr a phic a l a pp e a ra nc e o f
.

the w o r k i s g o o d .

’
VIC K S F LORAL G D E FOR 1 890 Thi s i s a p ro fu se ly illu s
UI .

tr a t e d d e sc r ip t iv e c a ta l o gu e of F l o w e rs V e g e ta bl e s a nd S ee d s ,

gr o w n i n A m er ic a wi t h full i nstr uct i o ns f or so wi ng t rans

, ,

pl ant i ng e tc ; by JA ME S V I C K S e e dm an 34 3 E ast A v e nu e
, .
, , ,

Ro ch e ster N Y ,
. .

TRAN S A C T ION S OF T HE A M ERI C AN DEN T AL A S S O C IA T ION A T

THE T W EN T Y N IN T H A N NUAL SE S S ION HEL D A T SARA T OGA
-

S P RING S N Y C O MM EN C ING ON T HE SI XT H or A UGU S T 1 889

,
. .
, ,
.

Publica t i o n C o mmi tte e : G E O H CU S HIN G J S MAR S HALL . .

,
. .
,

W C BARRE TT T he S S Whi te D e nta l M a nuf a ct u r i ng C o

. . . . . .
,

Phil a d e lphi a 1 889 ,

.

Thi s r e p ort c o mp are s fa v or ably i n p o i nt of styl e a nd ge ne ra l

typ ogra phic a l a pp e a ranc e wi th f orm e r public a ti ons a nd re fl e cts ,

cr e di t up on the public at i o n c ommi ttee a nd publi sh e r T he .

essay s a nd r e p or ts whil e l e ss i n numb e r t h a n c o nt a i ne d i n so m e

,

of the p re vi o u s r e p o rts a re fully e qu a l wh e n c o nsid e re d f ro m a

, ,

sci e nt ific or li t e rary st and p o i nt t o a ny t h at h a v e b ee n publi sh e d

-

,
.

T he w o r k i s a v a lu a bl e a ddi ti o n to o u r lib r a r y .

( 88)
 S el ite rrctf .

INTERNATIONAL D EN TAL C ONGRE SS .

T he N ew J erse y D e nta l S o ci e ty h a v e i na ugu ra t e d a m o v e m e nt

f or a n I nt e rna t i ona l D e nt a l C o ng re ss to b e h e ld i n 1 892 by t he
, ,

p a ssa g e of a r e solu t i o n c a lli ng u p o n o th e r ki nd re d so ci e ti e s t o

a pp o i nt c o mm i tt e e s t o m e e t a t N e w Y o r k o n the 8th o f A p r il ,

1 890 a nd co Op e ra te wi th a c o mmi tte e which th e y h a v e se l e c te d

,
-

i n f o rmul a ti ng pl a ns f or h o ldi ng the F i rst I nter na ti ona l D enta l

Congr ess . For t he d e ta il s o f th e i r a c ti on w e r e f e r the re a d e r to
,

the ci r cul ar o n p a g e 80 of t hi s i ssu e .

I f w e are to h a v e a WORL D S FAIR i n thi s co u ntry in 1 892

’

( which a t p re se nt a pp e a r s a li tt l e d o ub tful ) the p r o f e ssi o n sh o uld

,

tak e a dv a nt a g e o f the o pp o r tu ni ty which such a n o cc a si o n

w o ul d off e r f o r h o ldi ng a gra nd j ubil e e m e e t i ng whi ch sh o uld ,

b e di st i nct iv e ly of a na t i ona l ch ara c te r c o mm e m ora t iv e of the

,

bi rth g ro w th a nd p ro g re ss of d e nt i stry in t h e se Uni te d S tate s

,

b ut i n i nau gu r a ti ng a m o v e m e nt f o r thi s pu rp ose why ig no r e

, ,

the na t i ona l b o di e s no w i n e xi st e nc e a nd t o w hich the p ro f e ssi o n

,

i s l arg e ly i nd e b te d f or i ts p re se nt a dv a nc e d p osi ti o n ? T he na m e
o f the A m e r ic a n D e nt a l A sso ci a ti o n ha s b e e n i ntim a te ly a sso ci

a t e d wi t h the g r o w th a nd a dv a nc e m e nt o f the p r o f e ssi o n i n

A m e rica f or the p a st thi rty y e ars whil e the S ou th e rn A sso ci a
,

t i on has o c cupi e d a simil a r p osi t i o n i n r e l a ti o n t o the p ro f e ssi o n

in the so u t h e r n p ort i on of o u r c o u ntry f o r t w e nty y e a rs Th e y .

a re r e p r e se nt a t iv e b o di es a nd e mb ra c e the l e a di ng p ro g re ssiv e
,

m e n of the p ro f essi o n i n t h e i r m e mb e rship Wh e n w e ta k e

.

th e se f a c ts i nt o c o nsid e ra ti o n it w o uld see m to b e e m i ne ntly

,

fi tti ng and p rop er f or th e se a sso ci a ti o ns to u nd e rt a k e thi s w o rk .

Th e y are a l rea dy orga niz e d a nd re p re se nt the p ro f e ssi o n in i ts

,

e nt i re ty i n thi s c o u ntry a nd a re a s fully c o mp e t e nt t o for mul a te

,

the ne c e ssary pl a ns a nd to c a rry o n the w o r k to a succ e ssf ul

( 89)
90 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN T I S T RY .

en di ng a s the ne wly o rga niz e d b o dy c o nte mpl a te d in the r e sol u ,

t i o n p a sse d by o u r easte r n b r o t h e r s c o uld b e ,

.

A t the a pp ro a chi ng a nnu a l m e e ti ng s o f the A m e r ic a n a nd

S o u th e rn A sso ci at i o ns whi ch o ccu r in A ugu st a re solu ti o n
, , ,

ca lli ng f o r a u ni te d a ct i on a nd co op e ra t i on i n f ormul ati ng pl a ns -

e tc . c o mm e nsu ra te wi th the m agni tude of the o cc asi o n sh o uld

, ,

b e p a sse d by e a ch asso ci at i on a nd c o mmi tt e e s a pp o i nt e d t o a ct

,

i n h a rm o ny i n c a rryi ng o ut t he spi r i t of suc h r e so lu t i o ns We .

a r e c o nf e sse dly a t a l o ss f or a r easo n f or t hi s a c t i o n o n the

p a r t of ou r N e w Je rsey f ri e nd s and sh a ll f e e l o blig e d if so m e ,

o ne of the a dv o c a t e s o f the m o v e m e nt will f o r the b e ne fi t of ,

the r e a d e r s of the A R C HI VE S giv e u s so m e re aso ns f o r c r e a t i ng

,

a ne w or a niz a t i on f or thi s imp o rt a nt w or k i nst e a d o f i nt r u st

g ,

i ng i t t o or g a niz a t i o ns a l re a dy i n e xi ste nc e .

I N PRE S S ,
a nd sho r t ly to a pp e a r ,
AN ew D e nt a l An t a o my

K AT H AR MONW e ta k e pl e asu re i n call i ng the atte nti on of our

.
—

re a d e r s t o t he p r e p a ra t i o n k no w n a s ( S e e p a ge 26
”
K A T H AR M O N
o f a dv e r t i se m e nt s) W e h a v e b e e n t e st i ng it f or se v e ra l m onth s
.

p ast a nd the r e sul t i n m o st ca se s has b e e n hi ghly sat i sfa ctory

,
.

I t s a nt i se p t ic a nti zym ot ic a st ri ng e nt a nd di si nf e ct ant p ro p er ti e s

, ,

ar e such a s re c o mm e nd i t t o t he d e nt i st f o r d a ily u se i n hi s p ra c

t ic e T he c a se s i n which i t i s i ndic at e d a re o f d a ily o ccu rre nc e

. .

PAINLE S S DEN T I S TRY D R JOHN G H AR PE R .

—
I h a v e u se d
. .
—

the e t h er spr a y wi t h b ut li ttl e sa t i sf a c t i o n a nd a g re a t d e a l o f ,

a nno y a nc e f r o m i t s Od o r ; i t i s no t sui ta bl e t o u se i n a n o ffic e .

Fo r e x tr a ct i on I ha v e u se d D r S t apl e s f or mul a 1 2 gr s c o c a i ne
’ .
,
.
,

1 o z sulph e th e r 1 o z O il of p e pp e r mi nt t hi s giv e s sa tisf a c t i o n

. .
,
.
,

b ut ha s the o bj e ct i o na l o d o r of the p e pp e r mi nt o il I sa w in .

the l a st I tem s th a t D r G H C o lli ns o f L i nc o l n N e b

,

. . u se s
.
, ,
.
,

c o c a i ne f or the p a i nl e ss e x tra ct i o n of pulp s H is m eth o d i s to .

p u t o n the r ubb e r da m a nd th e n u se pu r e c r y st a l o f m u r c o c a i ne
,
.
,

wi th j u st w a t e r e no ug h t o m o i st e n the c o c a i ne a nd afte r te n ,

mi nu te s re m o v e the liv e pulp Thi s I h a v e tri e d i n o ne c a se .

wi th sa ti sf a ct i o n .
 E rie f ( Q a ntie n .

TH E W HO S TART E D T HE G RI P A g
M AN .
—
r ipp a .

G E O . H PI P INO M D
.
h l c ,
. .
,
as o ate d in Q ui ncy , I ll s
.

D RWEL C H
. is on a bu st . W e c o ng ra tul ate hi m on hi s ne w
d e p a rtu re .

N EARLY HALF th m e dic a l stud e nts in

e t he B o s to n U niv er s i ty
of M e dici ne ar e wom en E x — .

O T HING will
N sw e e t e n t h e b re ath e qu a l pl to a i no l d -

f ashi one d
will o w ch ar c o a l sa id ,
”
a f ra nk Chic a go d e nti st —
Em .

I T I S RU M ORE D t h at the Sh r iv e r b rot h e r s o f I o w a will , ,

re move
to O m ah a to e sta bli sh th e m se lv e s in d e nta l pra ctic e .

D R . WM . H E AME
u se s the H o w e Sc re w i n al l c a se s o f difli
. S

cu l t ro o t e x tra c ti on By fixi ng the sc re w fi rmly i n the r o o t

.
,

th ere wil l b e li ttl e tro ubl e i n such c a se s .

D
R . A
J PRO S S ER I n a l l c ase s wh e re c o pp e r o r a ll o y fi l l
. . .
—

i ngs are t o b e u se d li ne the c a vi ty wi th so m e c e m e nt in o rd e r

,

to p re v e nt the di sc o l o ra ti o n c a u se d by t h e se m a te r i a l s .

FAI T H CU E NO W HERE A Chic a go gi rl w a s cu re d o f rh e u

R .

m uti sm the oth e r day i n a m i ra cul o u s m a nne r W he n d is .

c o v e re d she w a s sta ndi ng on the p arl o r ta bl e A m o u se ca n

,
. ,

so m e t im e s d o m o r e t h a n Ch r i sta i n sci e nc e En —
.

D W M N MORRI S ON sugg e sts the u se o f the g o ld a nd pl a ti

R . . .

num bl o ck s t o li ne the thi n b o r d e rs o f e na m e l wh e n a ny a m a l ,

ga m i s to b e u se d as a filli ng m a te ri a l Th i s he sa y s will giv e .

, ,

t he g o ld ti nt to t he to o th so m uch a dmi re d i n g o ld filli ng s .

( 91 )
92 TH E A R C HI V E S OF DE N T T
IS R Y .

no 4: 1 889
U NI Q UE SPE I M E C N — y o u r f re nd d e e r S e e r I pl e a s y o u do
S e nd m e a 1 pw t o f . g o ld pl e a s se nd m e a I d a s so o n a s p o sob e l

Yo u s Truly
if id cosd m o e Th e n i S e nd y o u lea d m e a no iwill S e nd yo u
Th e a b e l a ns
DIE D .
—
D I
‘
. A N
l d o f M o nro e Ci ty M o di e d l a st w e e k. o an , ,
.
,
.

H e w as an a ct i v e m e mb e r o f the Mi sso u r i S t a t e D e nt a l A sso ci a

ti o n . H i s ill ne ss p re v e nt e d him f ro m a tte ndi ng the l a st a nnu a l
m e e t i ng T he A R C HIVE S e x te nd s symp a t hy to the b e re a v e d
.

f a m i l v a nd fr i e nd s .

D R . H . J
y s he ca nnot fill t e e th p a i nl e ssly that
. M C KE L L O P S sa

h a v e be e n r e c e ntly w e dge d ; u se s so a p i n pu tti ng on t he r ubb e r

d a m u se s w a x e d t a p e t o se p ar a t e the t e e th k no w s of a the n
sand c a se s wh e r e t he cl a mp c a nnot b e u se d ; h as no se t r ul e i n

a ny thi ng ci r cum st a nc e s sugg e st t he p ro p er tr e a t m e nt

,
.

TH E DEN T AL PRO T E C T I VE A S S O C IA T ION e nter s up o n i ts S C O

o nd y e ar h a vi ng t he c o nfid e nc e o f e v er y m e mb e r o f the d e nta l

p ro f e ssi o n w ho b e li e v e i n a dv anc e m e nt Th o se not a l re a dy .

m e mb e r s sh o uld se nd na m e a ddr ess a nd m em ber ship f ee , ,

a t once t o D r J N C r o u se
,
223 1 Pr a i r i e a v Chica g o I ll
. . .
,
.
, ,
.

AN I N T ERE T ING MEE T NG D ent a l A sso ci a t i o n

S I of the E ast e rn ,

of I o w a w a s h e ld a t M a r sh a ll to w n du r i ng the p ast m o nth

, , .

Th e re w as an a dd re ss of w e lc o m e by D r R h e a a nd re spo nse .
,

by D r E S B ro o k s o f V i nton D r C A B i lli ngs d e se r v es

. . .
, . . . .

cr e di t f or h a vi ng m a d e t he m e e ti ng one of the m ost succ e ssf ul

i n the hi st ory o f t he A sso ci a t i on .

D R . I
P WIL S ON AN D WIFE of Bu rli ngton I o w a h a v e b e en
. .
, , ,

c a ll e d to m o u rn the d e at h of tw o chil dr e n A so n Ch e st er .
,

L oyd a ge d fi v e y e a rs w ho di e d Janu ary 1 8 1 890 of oede m a of

, , , ,

the lu ng s a ft er a n ill ne ss o f o nly a f e w d a y s

,
A d au ghte r a g e d .
,

o ne a nd o ne h al f y e a r s w ho di e d o f sp asm s afte r a f e w ho ur s
-
’
, ,

sick ne ss We symp athiz e wi t h the d o cto r and hi s f am ily in th e ir

.

sa d a ffli cti o n .
 BRIEF MEN T ION . 93

G OO D SU B J E C T S FOR DEN T I S T S Tll o na tiv e E gyp ti a n is a n .

—

e x tre m e ly g o o d subj e c t f o r su rgic a l o p e ra t i o n Cl o t B e y the .

,

fou nde r o f m o d e rn m e dici ne in E gyp t ha s it th a t i t re qui re s a s ,

much su rge ry to kill o ne E gyp ti a n as se v e n E u rop e a ns I n the .

’o
na t iv e h o spi ta l s t he m a n wh o se thigh i s a mpu ta t e d a t t w o o cl ck
is si tti ng up a nd liv e ly a t si x Sh o ck i s a lm o st e nti re ly u nk no w n
.
,

a nd d re a d of a n imp e ndi ng o p e ra t i o n qui te a n e xc e pti o n In .

e xpl a na ti o n m ay b e no te d t he r e sig na t i o n i nculc a t e d by th e i r

r e ligi o n t he v e r y sm a ll p r o p o r ti o n o f m e a t t h e y e a t the t o t a l
, ,

a b se nc e o f a lc o h o l f ro m t h e i r di e t a nd i n g e ne r al the r e gul ar , , , ,

a b ste mi o u s o u t of d o or lif e
- —
S ci ence .
—
.

CLEA N JOIN T S I h a v e se e n m a ny e nqui r i e s and sugge st i o ns

.
—

in o ur j o u rna l s i n r e g ar d to m a ki ng sigh tl e ss j o i nts in put t i ng

up se ts o f se c t i o n te e th o n r ubb e r o r wh e n r ubb er i s u se d a s a n ,

a t ta chm e nt b u t i n a l l I h a v e ne v e r se e n a ny sugg e st i on to the

,

f o ll o wi ng m e th o d wh ich I h a v e a d o p te d wi th succ e ss a nd giv e

, ,

f or the b e ne fi t of the r e a d e rs of the A R C HIVE S : Wh e n the c ase

i s fla sk e d a nd r e a dy f or p a cki ng I fi rst c o v e r e a ch j o i nt wi th a ,

strip o f N o 30 g o ld f o il o ne f o u rt h o f a n i nch i n wid t h

.
,
-

b ur ,

ni shi ng i t d o w n e v e nly a nd h o ldi ng i t i n p o si t i o n wi t h a sm all

,

pi e c e o f pi nk r ubb e r I th e n p a ck a s u su a l a nd fi nd a f te r vul
.
, ,

ca niz i ng the j o i nt s p erf e c tl y cl e a n a s no r ubb e r ca n b e f or c e d

, ,

th ro ugh the g o ld str ip s i nt o th e m D R B Q S T EVEN S . . . . .

D R . H ENRY F I S HER
Te e th can a nd o ugh t to b e se p ara te d
—
,

wi th but littl e or no r e sul ti ng sore ne ss o r p a i n I thi nk th e re i s .

no e xcu se f o r the suff e r i ng m a ny d e nti st s i nflic t up o n t h e i r

p ati e nt s whil e se p arati ng te e th pre pa rto ry to filli ng T he f re e
, , .

u se of r ubb e r f o r such pu rp o se i s i ne xcu sa bl e c r u e l ty By .

the u se o f fi b e rs o f ra w c o tto n d ra w n b e t w e e n the te e th suffi ci e nt ,

se p a ra ti o n ca n b e o b ta i ne d in t h re e d a y s givi ng to t he p a t i e nt ,

but li ttl e di sc o mf o rt Wh e n the te e th a re v e ry cl o se to ge the r

.
,

it may b e ne c e ssary to u se a t fi rst a th re a d o r st ri ng I f the

, ,
.

te e th a r e te nd e r a f te r the se p a ra ti o n I fill the s p a c e b e tw e e n ,

th e m w ith o xy phos o f zi nc whi ch h o ld s the te e t h a p a rt wi th o u t

.
,

p re ssu re and the fo ll o wi ng d ay th e y w ill b e f re e f ro m so re ne ss

, .

I u rge th ose w ho h a v e no t m a d e such u se o f o xy p ho s o f zi nc to .

,

try it .
94 TH E A R C HIVE S OF DEN T I S TR Y .

ST L OUI . DEN T AL SO C IE T Y offic ers f o r 1 890 Pre sid ent D r

S ,
.

Jo hn G H a r p e r ; V i c e P re sid e nt
. D r Wm N M orri son ; R e c
-

,
. . . .

S e c D r D e C o u rse y L i nd sl e y ; C or S e c
.
,
. D r E mm a E a m e s . .
,
.

Ch a se ; Tr e a su re r D r H e nry F i sh e r ; C o mmi tte e o n E thi cs

,
.

a nd E l e c t i o ns D r s
Wm H E a m es A J P re sse r a nd G e o
,
. . .
,
. .
, .

R o b i t oy ; Public a t i o n C o mmi tte e D r s J W W hippl e J B ,

. . .
,
. .

N e wby and A H F ull er . . .

CHL ORI D E OF Z IN C R OO T F IL LIN G S DR TR U M AN T he . .

—

qu e st i on tha t ha s giv e n him the m o st tho ugh t i s th at no fil li ng ,

i n a t o o t h r o o t c a n b e p er f e c t ; a nd why ? B e c a u se the l a rg e st
p a rt of a t oot h i s a t ubul ate d struc tu r e Th ese t ubul e s h o ld .

o r g a nic m a t e r i a l a nd wh e n t he pulp di e s t hi s o r g a nic str u e

, ,

t u re di e s a nd d e c o mp o si t i o n t a k e s pl a c e a t o nc e sulphu r e tt e d
, ,

hyd ro ge n b e i ng e v o lv e d t o b e c o m e a sou r c e of tr o ubl e Wh en .

the c e ntr a l c a na l simply i s fill e d t hi s d e a d m a t e r i a l i s bu r i e d up , ,

a nd i n t he c o u rs e o f t im e y o u ha v e di sc o l o r a t i o n o f t he t o o th
, , .

A ny filli ng o f the c e ntr a l c ana l o nly mu st b e a p ar t i a l f a ilu re , .

H e ha d re a ch e d the c o nclu si on th a t i n filli ng a r o o t a cc o u nt ,

m u st b e t a k e n of t he c ont e nt s of the t ubuli T he qu e st i on t h e n .

i s : Wh a t a g e nt will b e st p r e v e nt the i r d e c o mp osi t i o n? F r o m

e xp e r im e nt s he h a d se ttl e d d o w n up o n the c oa gul a t ors a s b e st
,

a d a p t e d f or the pu r p o se b e c a u se t h ey ch ange the ch ar a c ter Of

,

t he o r g a ni c m a te r i a l i n the t o o th Chl or id e of zi nc i s one o f the .

b e st of th e se b e c a u se of its a ffini ty f o r m o i st u r e it w ill f oll o w

,

m o i stu re t o the e x tre mi t i e s of the t ubul e s ch ange the ch ara c ter ,

o f t h e i r Co nt e nt s a nd p re v e nt t h e i r d e c o mp o siti o n
,
.

I ME D I C INE A S C IE N C E 2 Thi s anci e nt i nqui ry co m e s up f o r

S —

di scu ssi o n at p e ri o dic i nte r va l s T he aph or i stic sayi ngs of v a r i .

o u s l e ar ne d a nd sa ti r ic a l m e n o f o ld e n t im e s are qu o te d t o the

e nd t h at m e dici ne m ay b e sh o w n t o h a v e not a sci e nt ific pe g to

st and :up o n A nd the g e ne r a l r e sul t of t he di scu ssi on i s wh a t

.

i n S p or t i ng p a rl a nc e m ay b e c a ll e d a k no ck d ow n f or the o th e r
,

S id e .

M e dic a l m e n w ho are a w a re o f b oth the stre ngth a nd w ea k

ne ss o f t h e i r c a l l i ng will b e st answ e r the qu e st i o n by sayi ng a t
o nc e t h a t m e dici ne i s no t a sci e nc e nor d oe s i t p r e t e nd to b e It , .
 BRIEF MEN T ION . 95

is a n a rt ; t h a t is to
p ra c t ic a l a ppli c a ti o n o f sp e ci a l
sa
y, i t i s a

k no w l e dge a nd m a nipul a tiv e skill T he r e a l qu e st i o n c o m e s .

th e n w he th e r the m e dic a l k no wl e dg e up o n which o u r a r t i s b a se d

,

i s r e a lly sci e ntific k no wl e dg e 5 e k no wl e dg e whi ch i s c o he r ,

. .
,

e ntly a nd l o gic a lly cl a ssifi e d A nd the a nsw e r o f c o u r se i s t h a t

.
,

so m e b ra nch e s d o tr uly b e l o ng t o sci e nc e whil e so m e do no t , .

Anato my ch e mi stry phy si ol ogy p ath ol ogy are al l in the high

, , , , ,

e st se nse o f the w o r d sci e nt ific st udi e s ,

Th e ra p e u t i c s i s c e r .

ta i nl y no t th o ugh i t i s much ne a r e r t o sci e nc e a nd fu r th e r f r o m

,

e mpi rici sm t h a n i t u se d t o b e Th e ra p e u t ic s i s wh a t i s po pul a ry

.

m e ant wh e n m e dici ne i s sp ok e n o f a nd h e nc e w e mu st a nsw e r the ,

qu esti o n I s m e dici ne p ra c t ic a lly appli e d b a se d up o n sci e n

,
“
, ,

t ifi c r ul e s a nd r igidly cl a ssifi e d k no wl e dg e i n the ne g a t iv e

“

, .

M e dici ne i s an a r t wi th much sci e nc e b ut m or e e mpi r ici sm a s , ,

a b asi s I t c o uld not b e p ra c t ic e d p ro p e r ly wi th o u t sci e nt ific

.

k no wl e dg e o r ca rr i e d o n succ e ssfully wi th o u t the t e a chi ng s o f

,

e mpi r ici sm B ut e v er y y e a r the sci e nt ific e l e m e nt g r o w s m or e

.

imp orta nt and m ore d o mi na nt i n its re l at i o n to e mpi r ici sm

, .

T he m e dic a l a r t ca n ne v e r e m a ncip a t e it se lf e nt i re ly f ro m the

l atte r b ut in t im e w e can h op e th a t it will y e t g a i n its stro ng e st
,

h elp f ro m the f or m e I n J lf edéca l R ecor d Ja nu a ry 1 8 1 890

— /

, , .

LE T HE N G G T HE TER M OF S T U D Y T he R oy a l C oll e g e o f
N IN
‘
—

Phy sici ans in G re a t B ri ta i n has p asse d a re so lu t i o n th a t the

m e dic a l cu rr iculum sh a ll b e l e ngth e ne d to fi v e y e a r s i nste a d of ,

f our a s a t p re se nt .

A WO M AN PRE S I D EN T OF A ME D I C AL SO C I E T Y A t the .
—

a nnu a l m e e t i ng o f the M o ntg o m er y C o u nty P a M dic l S ci

( ) e a o

e ty h e ld i n N o rr i sto w n o n J a nu a ry 8th D r A lic e B e nne t t w a s

, ,
.
,

u na nim o u sly e l e ct e d p re sid e nt 1 1nd —

.

A CHA E F O R A N E W CHA I R A T V A S S A R
N C D r E G o l ay a .
—
. .
,

Fre nch phy sici a n a dv o c a te s a w ide r b a si s to the e duc a ti o n of

,

the fa i r se x Th e re is he c onsid e rs o ne thi ng e sp e ci a lly w a nt

.
, ,

i ng i n the t uiti o n of t he p re se nt day a nd he i s a nxi o u s th a t ,

gi rl s wh e n a t sch ool sh o uld b e i nstruc te d i n the a rt o f b ri ngi ng

, ,

up child re n whi ch to his mi nd is the m o st u se ful o f a l l the sub

, , ,

j e cts which th ey sh o uld l e a rn 1 67562 —

.
96 TH E AR CH I V E S OF DE N TI S TR Y .

PHENA C E T INE PROF M DUJ A R D IN B e a um e tz (Pa ri s)

.
—
. .
,
.

Ph e na ce ti ne i s a r iv a l of antipy r i ne and a ntife b r i ne ;

in a w o r d i t i s a n a ntipy re t ic a nd a nerv o u s se d ati v e
,
I t i s not .

u nlik e ly th at it i s m or e a c t ive t h an e i th e r of the tw o a ge nts j u st

na m e d .

I h a v e tri e d it in do se s of 5 gra i ns g iven in wafers and I mu st , ,

say t h a t I h a v e o b se r v e d a s o t h e r s h a v e d o ne b e f ore
—
a co nsi d —

era b l e re duc ti o n o f t e mp e r a t u re i n t ub e r cul o u s fe v er i sh p at i e nts , ,

a nd i n t h ose suff e r i ng fr o m ty h o id f e v e r Thi s r e ducti on

p .
,

which a m ou nte d to F i n so m e c a ses i s r e m ar k a bly p e r si s

-
0
.
,

t e nt a l th o ugh the d o se i s c o mp ara t iv e ly sm al l ; i t l asts fro m 8

,

to 1 0 h ou rs O n the du ra t i o n of the di se ase i tse lf the ne w

.

re m e dy has no i nflu e nc e j u st as the o th e r antipy r e t ic s

,
.

Ph e na ce ti ne i s a l so a str ong analg e sic m o re p o w e rful in i ts ,

a c t i o n p er h a p s
,
th a n e i t h e r a nt ipyr i ne or a ntif e b r i ne
,
A nd i t .

a c ts Ve ry r a pidly i n spi t e o f i ts i nso lubili t y i n t he g a stri c j uic e

a b o u t t w e nty mi nu t e s af te r i t s a dmi ni st ra ti o n i ts e ff e c t s m a
y ,

a l re a dy b e o b ser v e d .

I will sta te in a ddit i on th at ph ena ceti ne d o e s not produce eya

nosi s lik e a nt if e b r i ne a nd t h a t in c o ntr a di sti nc t i on t o the l a tte r
, , ,

i t sp r e se nce i n the u r i ne m ay b e d e t e c t e d ; f e rr ic p er chl or id e

will t urn r e d a nd cupr ic sulph ate w ill tu rn g re e n if a dd e d to
.

u ri ne conta inI ng ph e na c e ti ne L a S om et i me M édi ca l e Ap ri l 24,—

,

1 888 .

AG EA T RUN ha s b e e n m a d e up on W H S chi e fle l in C o
R . . .
’
s

ph e na c e ti ne b a y e r du ri ng the p re se nt e pid e mic of i nflu e nz a

-
.

Antipy ri ne ha s b e en fou nd to pro duce m any unpl easant and

e v e n d a ng e ro u s re sul t s a nd ph e na c e t i ne h a vi ng al l the goo d
, ,

qu a li ti es o f a ntipy r i ne and no ne of th o se th at a re o b no xi o u s
, ,

ha s ste pp e d i n a nd t a k e n it s pl a c e Antipyri ne a cts so pl ai nly .

as a p o w erful h e art d e pr e ssor th at its wh ol esal e u se by the ,

public sho uld b e strongly di sco u ra ge d 7 716 D octor —

.
 S UC C E S S O R TO

Missouri d enta l J o urna l , a l so Cons ol i da te d wi th N ew E ng l a nd J ourna l of D e ntis try .

VO L . V II .
,
N o . M ARC H ,
1 890 . N E W SERIE S
[ .

r iginel l fi rtio l e s .

N o a r ti cl e p u bl i shed i n tl z i s depa r tm ent tha t l z a s bee n r ea d bef ore

w i l l be
an y soci ety or l z a s appea r ed i n a ny p u bl i ca ti on .

Tl i e ed i tor does not l z ol d l z i nz se lf r esponsi bl e i n a ny se nse f o r tiz e v i e ws

, ,

ex pr essed by the a nt/ t o r s of o r ig i na l a r ti cl es .

A ny a r ti cl e i nte nded f o r tl z i s d epa r tm e nt sho ul d be r ece i ve d by tl z e fi r st

of the nzo ntl z p r e v i o u s to i ts p u bl i ca ti o n — E d . .

M YTH S A B OUT C HLOROFORM .

B Y P AR S ON S S HA W ,
A HE T ER M N C S ,
E N G .

I n t he l a tt e r p art o f the y e a r 1 84 7 a n a ssi sta nt to D r J a ck so n .

,

the c e l e b ra te d ch e mi st m a d e wh a t w a s I ha v e no d o ub t t he fi rs t
, , ,

l o t o f chl orof o r m u se d in A m e ric a f o r a na sth e tic pu rp o se s a nd e

the g e ntl e m a n f o r W h o m i t w a s m a d e se nt m e a b o u t f o u r o u nc e s
f o r e xp e r im e nts A r m e d wi th the p re ci o u s fluid I i nvi te d t w o
.

b ro th e r de nti sts a nd a m e dica l f ri e nd to a ssi st me We m e t pro .

v ide d wi th se v e ra l c a ts t o wh o m w e a p pli e d t he chl o ro f o rm u nt il

they w e re unco nc io us a nd e x tra c te d th e i r te et h u nd e r wh a t w e

,
.

w e re sa ti sfi e d w a s no p a i n a f te r which e no ugh m o re w a s giv e n

 TH E A
R C HIVE S OF DE N T I S TR Y .

to p ro duc e d ea th E a ch subj e c t w as th e nc are fully e x a mi ne d a nd

.

w e c a m e to t he d e cid e d c o ncl usi o n t h at d e a th i n e ve ry c a se ha d

b e e n d ue t o a sphyxya tio n and i n t he re p o r t o f o ur e xp e rim e nts
publi sh e d i n the l o ca l p a p e r f o r the subj e ct w as th e n a ne w
—

o ne i n which the public t oo k as much i nte r e st as t he p ro f e ssi o n

I v e nture d to m a k e the asse rti on th at e v e ry d ea th f ro m chl oro

f o r m w o uld b e fou nd t o b e f ro m thi s c a u se b ut no so oner had ,

a nae st h e t ic a g e nts b e g a n to b e u se d t h a n t h e r e w as a n a pp a re nt

u nanim i ty o f o pi ni on ho w ar i si ng I c o uld ne v e r di sc o v e r
—

th at t he h e a r t w a s t o b e l o o k e d t o i n a l l c a se s B ut I ne v e r he
.

c a m e a c o nv e r t to thi s th e ory al th o ugh o blige d to swim wi t h the

,
’
t id e a nd w a t ch the h e a r t s a c t i o n wh e ne v e r u si ng e i th e r gas o r
ch l orof or m t hi s I did m o st e ffe c tu ally wh e n i ntro duci ng the gas
i nto E ngl a nd f or b e i ng the fi rst to u se i t h e re in a ct u a l p ra c tic e
, ,

i t w as m ost imp o rta nt t h a t a mid the str o ng o pp osi ti on i t m e t

, ,

nothi ng sho uld o ccu r to giv e i t a b a d na m e T he c o nse qu e nc e

.

w as t ha t I c a r e fully no t ic e d the a ct i on of the h ear t i n e v e ry a d

mi ni strati on f or qui te t w o y e ar s and in m o st c a se s f o r a much
,

l ong e r p e ri o d a nd not o nly did I no t fi nd a ny thi ng to supp o rt

the p o pul a r no ti on t h a t i nj u ry to the h e art w as lik e ly t o ar i se ,

b u t e v e ry t hi ng l e d to the c o nclu si on t h a t a naest h e si a c a u se d l e ss

i nj u ry to the h e art th an a n o p e ra ti on p e rf orm e d wi th o u t i t .

A t o ne o f the m e e ti ng s of the M anch este r O d ont o l o gic a l S o ci

,

e ty I u nd e rtoo k to e xpl a i n t h a t i n giv e n the a naesth e tic g a s t he

, ,

c o ndi ti o n of the b re a thi ng w as the fi rst c onsidera ti on a nd t h at

if b e fore the ga s w as tu rne d o n the p at i e nt w a s fir st go t to
, ,

b r e athi ng c alm l y ste a dily and i n a na tu ra l m a nne r no fe a r

, ,
‘

nee d b e a nt icip a te d b u t if t hi s w as no t d o ne u npl e asa nt r e sul t s

,

w e re c e rta i n to foll o w T he id ea w as so no v e l t h at t he p re p o si
.

t i on se e m e d t o puzzl e e v e r y g e nt l e m a n w ho sp o k e o n t he subj e c t .

Thi s h e art t h e ory has h eld good u nt i l wi thi n a f e w w e e k s ,

wh en i t go t e xp o se d i n a w ay t h a t migh t se t p e o pl e t hi nki ng
up o n so m e o the r m atters b e sid e s a naesth e t ic s I t a pp e a rs t h a t
the N iz a m o f Hyd e r a b a d ( one o f t he nat iv e r ul e rs i n I ndi a) ha s
.

a t aste f or sci e nti fic i nv e st ig a t i on S o he a pp o i nte d a com

.

mi ssi o n t o i nqui re i nto the a cti on o f chl o ro for m a nd the re p ort ,

w a s th at t he d a ng e r f ro m t he h e ar t w as im a gi nary a nd th a t i n ,

al l c ase s o f d e at h a f te r i ts a dmi ni st rat i on the re spi rat i o n ste pp e d

,
 O RIGINAL A RT I C LE S . 99

’
be fo re the he a rt c ti o n c ea se d ; m o re o v e r the co nclu si o ns of
s a ,

thi s c o mmi ssi o n w e r e f o u nd to b e st re ng th e ne d by the re c o rd s

o f d e a t h f ro m chl o ro f o r m i n G re a t B r i ta i n S I nc e 1 85 5 B u t the .

sup e rst i t i o n a b o u t the h e a r t b e i ng t he chi e f sco u r c e o f d a ng er

wh e n givi ng chl o rof o r m w a s no t to b e kill e d i n thi s summ ary

m a nner ; so the L a ncet w a s a sk e d to se nd o ut to I ndi a a
“ ”

trai ne d sci e nt i st to a ct o n a se c ond c o mmi ssi o n a nd t h at p a p er ,

no mi na t e d D r L a ud e r B r u nt o n a g e ntl e m an a l re a dy c o mmi tte d

.
,

to the th eo ry th a t the st o pp a g e o f the h e a r t whil e u nd er the i h

flue nce of chl oro f or m w as o ne o f i ts d a ng e r s D r B r u nto n . .
,

Su rg e on m aj o r L a w r i e Su rg e on m aj or B o mf ord D r R ustom j i
-

,
-

,
.

a nd D r B om f o rd f or m e d t hi s c o mmi ssi o n a nd a m o ng the c o n

.
,

e lu si o ns r e a ch e d by th e se g e nt l e m e n t h e y d e cl are d t h a t H ow “
,

e v e r c o nc e ntr a t e d t he chl o r o f o r m m ay b e i t ne v e r c a u ses su dd e n

,

d eath fro m stopp a g e of the h e art . th at Chl o rofor m ha s no “

p o we r of i ncre asi ng the te nd e ncy to e i th e r sh o ck or sy nc o p e

du ri ng op e ra ti ons ; a nd t h a t T he tr u th a b o u t a fa tty h e a rt
“

a pp e ars t o b e t h a t chl o r o f o r m p er se i n no w ay e nd a ng e r s such

a h e ar t ; b u t o n the c o ntr a ry
,
by l o w e r i ng the bl o o d p re ssu re
, ,

l e sse n s the w or k the h e ar t ha s t o p e r f o r m which i s a p o sitiv e ,

a dv a nta g e T he p ra ctic a l o utc o m e of t he re p or t o f thi s l ast

”
.

c ommi ssi on i s t h at the sa f e a dmi ni st ra t i on of chl oro f o r m d e p e nd s

,

on c a re ful a t te nt i o n to the r espi rat i o n a nd if by a ny a ccid e nt i t

,

ste ps ar tifici a l r e spi ra t i o n mu st b e i nst a nt ly c o mm e nc e d ; a nd

,
.

wh e n t he rul e s giv e n are a tt e nd e d to t he c o mmi ssi on a fli rm th a t

,

b e gi v e n with a b solut e sa f e ty Th us a no th e r .

my th i s e xp o a nd m e n are a g a i n w a r ne d no t t o b e mi sl e d by

asse rt i o ns no t k no w n to b e b ase d up o n p ro v e d f a c ts ”
.

S o c e rt a i n h av e I b e e n e v er si nc e the e xp er im e nt s wi th the
,

c ats th a t by c a re ful a t tenti on to the r e spi ra ti on chl o rof or m ca n

,

b e giv e n wi th the sa f e ty st ate d by t hi s c o mmi ssi o n t h a t I h a v e ,

regul arly u se d it i n p ra ctic e a nd h a v e no h esi ta t i o n I n sa yi ng

,
l r

th a t i t i s qui te as sa f e a s the ga s the e a si e st a g e nt to a dmi ni ste r

,

a nd the m o st e ff e ctu a l I t d oe s a w ay wi th the cumb e rso m e a pp a

.

ra tu s ne c e ssa ry i n givi ng the as a nd o f te n w h e n a timid

g
p a ti e nt i s a pp all e d a t i ts sight a li ttl e chl o ro f o r m o n a na pki n
,

W ill p roduc e al l the e ffe ct th a t is re qui re d I n the h a nd s o f a .

skillful m an the a naesth e t ic e ff e c ts o f chl o ro fo rm m a

y l ie g ra du a
1 00 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN TI S T RY .

t e d to d eg re e ; a nd i n m o st c ase s t o b ri ng t he p a t i e nt bu t
a ny

v e ry li ttl e u nd e r its i nflu e nc e i s a l l th at i s nee d e d i n too th e x

"
tra c t i o n I f a d e e p e r e fle ct i s ne c e ssa ry ( wh e n a nu mb e r o f te e th
.

ha v e to b e re m o v e d ) i t ca n b e pu sh e d t o a ny e x te nt re qui re d ;
b u t a st a te o f c o mpl e te u nco nci O uS ne ss i s no t ne c e ssa ry to pro
'
.

duc e a s muc h a naesth e si a a s is u su ally o bta i ne d by the gas .

M r J o h n W Du nk e rl e y a f o rm e r assi sta nt b u t no w my co l
. .
,

l e a gu e i nfo rm e s m e t h a t du r i ng the m a ny y e a rs he w a s i n p ra e
,

t ic e by hi m se lf he u se d chl or o f or m i n m o st c a se s o f e x t ra c t i o n
, ,

a f te r the m a nne r he ha d b e e n t a ugh t whil e wi th m e a nd r e g ard s ,

i t as the v e r y b e st a g e nt M r Dunk e rl e y ha s ha d u nu su a l ex
. .

e r ie nce b e i ng t he o ffic e r i n a t te nd a nc e a t t he M a nch e ste r D e nta l

p ,

H ospit al on one of the d ay s wh e n a naesth et ic s a re giv en .

W e a re to ld th at a li tt l e chl oro form I s m or e d ange ro u s t h a n a

g oo d d e al a nd tha t a ir mu st b e rigidly e xclud e d I n i ts a dminis
,

t r a t io n All th a t I ca n say i s th at my o b se rva ti o ns do not l e a d

.

t o e i th e r c o nclu si o n .

C ON VEN T ION C LINI CS .

B Y F A W ILLIA M S ON . . OG D EN U TAH , , .

T he cli ni c s which f o r m so l arg e a nd imp o r ta nt a f e a tu re i n

o u r y e a r ly d e nt a l a sso ci a t i ons a r e highly p r iz e d by e a ch m e m

b e r o f o u r p ro f e ssi o n w ho ha s the e nte rp ri se t o b e i n a tte nd a nc e ,

a nd I wi sh to no te o ne f e a t u re which I no t ic e d i n t he m e t h o d s

o f t he Mi sso u r i A sso ci a t i o n a t i ts l a st se ssi o n which I ha d no t

o b se rv e d i n my a tt e nd a nc e a t simil a r se ssi o ns i n th r e e o r f o u r

o t h e r S t a t e s th a t o t h e r s m a p ro fi t by t h e e x a mpl e T he sub
, y .

c ts up o n which cli nic s a r e p e r f or m e d ar e se l e c te d l arg e ly f ro m

j e

m e mb e r s of the a sso ci a t i on o r t h ose w ho wi l l b e i n co nv e ni e nt

r

r e a ch a t Sub se qu e nt se ssi o ns A n a ccu ra te r e c o r d i s k e p t o f

.

e a ch c a se a nd a c o m mi tte e i s ch ar g e d wi t h t he du ty o f e xa m i n

i ng t h e se c a se s a t su b se qu e nt sessi o ns a nd re p o rt i ng up o n t he
e ffe c t iv e ne ss o f e a ch a s teste d by t im e I I I t hi s w ay so m e o st e n
, .

si b l y b ril l ia nt o e ra t io ns w e re d e m o nst ra t e d t o b e ne a r ly w o r t h
p
l e ss whil e o t h e rs w e re sh o w n to b e e ffe ctiv e a nd ne ar ly o r qui te
,

’
p e rf e c t afte r th re e o r m o re y e a rs u se Th e se a sso ci a ti o ns in .

e lud e a b o dy o f m e n w ho are no t e a sily sa t i sfi e d wi t h Bu nc o mb e “ ”

,
 O RIGINAL A RT I C LE S . 1 01

a nd Itu r h e r simil a r b o d ie s w ho h a v e no t d o ne so a l re a dy
st o t , ,

will p ro fi t b y t he e x a mpl e o f O ld Mi sso u ri

“
.
”

T he se ssi o n na m e d w as ra th e r r ich i n the numb e r a nd ch ar a c

te r o f i ts cli nic a l d e m o nst ra t i o ns b u t I w a s l e d to m e nt a lly
,

c ri tici se the ge ne ra l pl a n a d o p te d a s I ha d o f te n d one in se e i ng

,

i t e x e mplifi e d in o th e r simil ar a sso ci a ti o ns I n c o nv e rsa ti o n wi th

.

o ne o f the m o st l e v e l h e a d e d a nd e xp e r i e nc e d m e m b e r s i n a t
-

te nd a nce I f o u nd my id eas so l arg e ly sh ar ed by him up o n t hi s

,

p oi nt th a t I v e ntu re to giv e publici ty to t h e m f o r the c onsid e ra

ti on of p r o g ra m m e m a k e rs
I s t h e r e no t to o much a tte m pt cd t o b e d one i n th e se de m
-

o nstra tio ns ,
c onsid e ri ng the t im e a ll o tte d a nd c onv e ni e nc e s
p rovid e d a nd t hu s a m ere sm a tter i ng of i nfor m at i on pro
,

v ide d up o n m a ny t h e m e s wi th o u t a t h o r o ugh d e m o nstrat i o n

b e i ng giv e n to a l arge m aj or i ty up o n a ny o ne subj e ct ? I s it
no t a pp a re nt t h a t a h a lf d o z e n cli nic s p ro g re ssi ng a t t he sam e
-

tim e up o n t he l e v e l fl o or of a c r o wd e d ro o m mu st o f ne c e ssi ty
be v ery u nsa t i sf a ct ory ? I t i s highly sugg e stiv e o f t he ci r cu s
wi th th re e r i ng s wh ere y ou h a v e g o ne f or the a mu se m e nt of
,

y o u r child re n or th ose yo u h a v e b o rro w e d of y o u r ne ighb or a nd ,

wh ere y o u r a tte nti on ha s b ee n so th or oughly di stra cte d by b e i ng

di re c te d to r iv a l a ttra ct i ons g o i ng o n a t the sa m e t im e th a t yo u
, ,

l o se the chi e f p o i nts a nd go a w a y wi th o ut t h o roughly se e i ng

a n thi ng
y . H a lf o f y o u r tim e i s sp e nt i n c r o wdi n g y o u r w a
y
f rom ch a i r to ch a i r in a v a i n a tte mpt to wi tne ss som e o p e ra ti on ,

a nd wh e re
y o u fi nd a b e vy of t h re e o r f o u r h e a d s wi th th e i r no se s
dow n so cl o se to the t hi ng to b e se e n th a t no o ne e l se ca n w i tne ss
,

it a nd wh e n y o u do ge t a c o v e te d sight the chi e f p o i nt o f i nter

, ,

e st to y o u has p a sse d . S o m e o f th e se di sa dv a nt a g e s c o uld b e

p artly c o mp ensate d f or if the d e m onst rato r w o uld a t te nd the
diffe re nt step s of his cli nic s with a n e qu a l e xpl ana ti o n I n th a t .

c ase the imp orta nt p o i nts o f the d e m o nst ra ti o n w o uld no t p ass

wi th o ut the k no wl e dge of the m aj o r i ty o f m e m b e rs no t fa v o re d
wi th a ny thi ng lik e a sa ti sfa ctory Vi e w a nd th e i r fa ilu re i n re
,

c e i v in a n o cul a r d e m o nst ra t i o n w o uld b e c o mp e nsa te d t o a l a rg e

g
e xt e nt b t h a tt e ndi ng o ra l d e s c ripti o n o f i t I n thi s w ay ; a l so
y e .
,

the “
li ttl e t hi ng s th a t a tte nd e v e ry ste p o f a succ e ssful o p e ra
”

ti on a nd which so l arg e ly c o nt ribute to its succ e ss w o uld b e

, ,
1 02 TH E AR C HI VE S OF DE N T T IS R Y .

b ro ught to the a tte nti o n of al l T he a mphi th eatr ic a l arra ng e

'

.
_

m e nt o f se ats p o sse sse d by m e dic a l a nd d e nta l c o ll e g e s by which ,

a l l a r e giv e n a g o o d Vi e w o f a d e m o nstr a ti o n c o uld t h e y b e f ur

,

nishe d a t o ur c o nv e nti o n cli nic s, w o uld a dd l ar g e ly to t h e i r v a lu e ,

e t a d e a f mu te i n the ro l e o f a d e m o nst ra t or i n o ne o f t h e se in
y
st itu ti o ns w o uld h a r dly b e a su cc e ss L e t e a ch t o ngu e t i e d con .
-

ducto r of a cli nic b e re li e v e d of hi s i nfi rm i ty and t h o se w ho ,

wi sh to l e arn b e p erm i tte d to u se b oth t he se nse s of h e ari ng

,

a nd see i ng i n d o i ng so .

EDWA D R O W AN h R as m o ve d to N o . 83 7 E Str e et N e w
ast 1 63 d ,

Y or k . H is go ld h old s i ts o w n, a nd i s highly s p o k e n of by al l
w ho u se it .

K A S CI TY DEN TAL CLUE T he first m e et i ng of the K an

AN S —

sas Ci ty D e nta l Club w as h e ld a t t he o ffic e o f D r J D P a tte r . . .

~

so n o n M o nd a y
,
Fe b r u ary 1 0th A cli nic w as conducte d by
,
.

.
’
D r P a tt e r son at 5 o cl o ck o n Pl a st i c F illi ng ”
Di scu ssi on
,
“
.

o p e ne d a t by D r D J M cM il l en . . . .

T he Club ha s the b e st wi sh e s of the A R C HIVE S .

WHI TE CHLORA PE R C HA D r Patte rson t h o ugh t the su b

—
.
—
.

j cet o f r oot filli ng the m ost imp or tant b e fore the p ro fe ssi on
t o d ay H e d esi r e d to di re c t at te nt i on t o an imp r o v e d so lu t i on
.

of gu tta p e r ch a f o r filli ng roo t c ana l s

-

T he gre at m aj ori ty of .

Op e ra tors u se r e d b ase pl a t e gu tt a p er ch a ; b u t a m uch b e tte r

- -

so l u t i on i s m a d e wi t h the whi t e gutt a p e r ch a filli ng m ate r i a l -

whi ch has l e ss shr i nk a ge t h an the re d I n cr o o k e d c anal s he .

u se s thi s solu ti o n a lm o st e xclu siv e ly se a li ng the a p e x a nd fill i , ,

i ng the a pica l t hi r d o r f o u rth o f the c ana l I t i s b ad p ra ct ic e t o .

f or c e the fil li ng mate r i a l b e yo nd the a p e x Oxy chl or ide of zi nc

_

H e find s n
’

is t he b est fil li ng f or the r e m a inder of the c a na l o .

tro ubl e I n f oI ci ng i t t o any p a rt of the t o o t h a nd he t h e n fe e l s ,

t h at the org ani c m ate r i a l I s pl a c e d I n a b e tt e r c o ndi t i o n tha n by

any o ther m e th o d R oots fil l e d wi t h guttap e rch a wh e n cut
.
,

o p e n h a v e m o re o d or t h a n t h o se fil l e d wi t h o xychl o r id e
,
.
 FILE S FOR FINI S HING FILLING S .
*

B Y HORA T IO M ERIA M ALE M M A C .

, S , SS .

The re c e rta i n d r ugs i n the m a te r i a m e dic a t h a t a re sp o k e n

a re

of as ne gl e c te d r e m e di e s
“ ”
A sh ort tim e ago D r B ro ckw ay . .

re a d a p a p e r b e f ore the N e w Y o r k O d o nt o l o gic a l S o ci e ty o n

“
Negl e cte d A dv a ntage s I sh all a dd to nigh t t he fi l e a s a neg
”
.

l e cte d i nstr um e nt Thi s m ay su rp ri se such of you a s h a v e se e n

.

the wor k d o ne wi th it wh e n u se d as it ha s b e e n i n t im e s p ast

, ,

in the m o u t h s of p a ti e nts i n fili n g t e e th u ntil I e xpl a i n th a t I

, ,

sp e a k o f t he ne gl e ct to imp ro v e it by m e mb e rs o f o ur sp e ci a l ty ,
.

D rs No rth ro p T a f t and P a r ml y B ro w n ha v e I b e l i e v e a dd e d
.
, , ,

fil es to o ur ar m a m e ntar iu m th ough a s y e t w e h a v e no t the arm a ,

me ntar ium th a t i n a ny w ay tr uly re p re se nts the r ea l r e so u r c e s

of o ur sp e ci a lty .

P o w ers the sculp tor ha s i nv e nte d a fi l e th at i s c a ll e d by hi s

, , ,

na m e w i th an o p e ni ng i n the c e nt e r f o r the fili ng s o f m a rbl e t o

,

p ass th rough so as not to o b scu re the o utli ne of the w o rk T he

, .

sm a ll R ifll e fil e s u se d by di e si nk e r s a re e x t e nsiv e ly u se d f o r fi n

ishing filli ng s and t h ere a re the ,

Silv e r ”
N ico nd ”
P ro uta t , ,
“

a nd B riz a rds ri fll e rs
“
which sho w f o rm s t ha t a re w orthy o f
,
”

i nve stiga ti o n by d e nti st s T he F rench rifli e fil e s u se d by

"
” “
.

w o od c ar ve rs a re o f u se i n fi ni shi ng r ubb e r w ork T he c a tal o gu e .

o f F rasse C o N o 92 Pa rk R o w N e w Y o r k City giv e s g o o d

.
,
.
, ,

cut s of som e o f th e se .

Thi s c a ta l ogu e a c o py of which I h a v e h e re he o fle rs to se nd

’

, ,

to a ny o ne o n re c e ipt o f o ne d o ll ar ; if o rd e re d by p o st p o sta g e ,

sh ou l d b e a dd e d T he se ts o f e sc a p e m e nt ne e dl e
”
a nd
“
.

fil e s e fle r so m a ny f o rm s o f v a l ue to m e mb e rs o f o u r sp e ci al ty
'

th a t I t ri e d to ge t cut s o f th e m f o r th i s p a p e r I h a v e b e e n d is ’
.

*
R e ad b e f ore th e H ar vard O dontol og ic al c
S o i e t y , J a n 30, 1 890
. .

( 1 08)
1 04 TH E A R C HIVE S OF DE N T I S TR Y .

a pp o i nte d a nd mu st re f e r yo u t o t he c a ta l o gu e w hic h I di st ri b u te ,

wh e re y o u will fi nd b o th the ne e d l e a nd e sc a p e m e nt fil e s A ny .

re a d e r o f t he A R C HIVE S ca n o b t a i n a c o py by se ndi ng a p osta l

c ard sig ne d wi th na m e a nd a dd re ss to A J Wilki nson C o

, ,
. . .
,

1 80 Wa shi ng to n S t B o sto n I sp e a k of the ne e dl e fil e s no t

.
,
.

o nly f or t h e i r use i n fi ni shi ng filli ng s b ut f or t h e i r v a lu e i n ,

c ro w n a nd a l l fi ne m e ta l w ork p a r ti cul arly the sm a ll e r siz e s

, ,

a s t h e y gi v e a g oo d a sso rtm e nt o f sh a p e s wi t h o u t ta ki ng up

t o o much r oo m i n the o p e r a ti ng c ase I re fe r to th e se part ic u .

l a rl y a s y ou will no tic e th a t I h a v e dra w n up o n t h e m so m e wh a t

f o r the siz e s o f my o w n se t which I h a v e t he h o nor t o p r e se nt
.
-

t o y o u t hi s e v e ni ng .T he ne w c o mbi na t i ons m a d e a r e such a s

se e m t o b e dic t a te d by the a na t o my o f the p ar ts o n which t h e y

a r e t o b e u se d a nd ne w f o r m s I h o p e h a v e r e sul te d f ro m t hi s
, ,
,

study .

I n c o nser v at iv e f a mily p ra ct ic e w e c a n do much t o p re v e nt

‘

gold sh o wi ng in the i nte r i or wa ll s o f the i nci sor te e th b ut th e re ,

wi l l r e m a i n c a se s wh ere the b e st w e ca n do i s to m a k e the ou t

li ne a s re gul a r a nd S igh tly as p ossibl e I f the di spl a y i s to b e .

S ligh t I p r e f e r t o t r im t hi n e na m e l e dg e s wi t h my N o 3 1 chi se l
,
.
,

wi t h whi ch I thi nk yo u are a l l fa mili ar b ut if e x te nsiv e i t i s , ,

p re fe ra bl e to fi ni sh the e dges wi th a fi l e of the r igh t sh a p e lik e ,

N o 1 o f my se t o v a l
.
,
.

N o . 1 .

Thi s f or p r o xi m a l c av iti es as I n N J 1 F ig ( 1 .
,
. .

I di re cte d th at the sa m e cri ti wé iv e n thi s

fil e a nd N o s 2 a nd 3 a s i s giv e n fi l e s u se d
.
,

f or fili ng p e ar l . Th e y a re fi ne e no ugh t o
p owd e r and not b re a k a w a y th i n e na m e l .

M l 1 ,

N o 2 has the sa m e curv e b ut i s h a lf ro u nd

.

.
,
cu t o n t he ri gh t
 SO C I E T IE S . 1 05

sid e sa fe o n i ts fla t to b e u se d a s i n F ig
. ,
. t h o ugh so m e will
p re fe r t o sta nd a t t he b a ck o f th e i r p a ti e nt
~

u si ng i t to c u t o n i ts l e ft sid e wi th t he p o i nt
'

cu rv e d to w a rd the h a rd p al a te T he sa m e .

ge ne ra l d e sc rip ti o n a ppli e s to N o 3 e xce p t .

,

ing th a t i t i s t he pp o si te a nd wi th N o 2 o ,
.

m a k e s the p a i r ( F ig c ) . . .

N o s 4 a nd 5 w e r e t he fi r st f o r m s I m a d e
.

N O , 3 -

F1 s . a
a nd ar e I thi nk the m o st v alu abl e
, ,
.

N o . 5 .

Ih ve had th e m i n mi nd f or som e t im e b ut no t u ntil l ast

a ,

summ er w a s I a bl e t o a rra ng e f or t he i r m ak

i ng .T he V sp a c e Fig d a t t he c e r vic a l -

,
.
,

w a ll giv e s i n m any c ase s sp a c e f or fi ni shi ng

, ,

filli ng s a nd by m a ki ng al l p ossibl e u se of thi s

,
N a
,
O . .

w e m a y a v o id m uch w e dgi ng a nd a d d t o t he c o mf o r t o f o ur
p a ti ents .

N o s 4 a nd N o 5 y ou will no tic e are k nif e fil es ; the k nif e

. .
, ,

giv e s g re a t stre ngth a t the b a ck with the thi n e dg e to p re ss ,

d ow n b e tw ee n the t e e th (a se cti o n of su ch fil e o r a k nife bl a d e ,

-

re p re se nts a w e dg e ith m oo th ro u nd e d b a ck a nd wi th o ne
) w s ,

sid e sm o o th o r sa f e T he sa f e sid e a ll o w s f o r f re e m o v e m e nt
” “
.

a nd e v e n a l e v e ra g e
-

i n u se so th a t th e y ou t j u st w h e re w e
, ,

wi sh a nd no wh ere e l se T he ro u nd e d b a c k p e r mit s o f th e i r
, .

b e i ng run o v e r the gum o r rubb e r da m wi th o ut ch a fi ng a nd ,

1 06 TH E A R C H I V E S OF DE N T T
IS R Y .

th e y gr e a t se r vi c e i n the u nd er i nci sors Fig e w he re pa

a re o f ,
.
,
.

tie nt s a r e i ncli ne d to c o ntra c t the lip o v e r t he

t e e t h ; a v er y c o mm o n tr o ubl e i n a ny p r a e
t ic e . O ne of my p a t i e nt s w ho has b e e n i nte r
e ste d i n t h e se fil e s t e st e d th e se numb e rs by
, N Fi g O 5 — e

d r oppi ng he r lip s a ga i nst the sm oot h b a ck of o ne which I w as

. . . .

u si ng i n fi ni shi ng a bicu spid filli ng a nd I did the fili ng wi th ou t ,

i nj uri ng it Th e y are not cut on t he e dge s as w e h a v e pl enty

.
,

o f g oo d fil e s t o u se f or t hi s wh e n ne e d e d a nd my o bj e c t w a s t o ,

p rese nt a se t of safe fil e s t o the p rofe ssi on a s a suppl e m e nt t o

t h o se w e a l r e a dy h a v e Th e y ca n b e b rou gh t to a sh ar p e dge
.

by g ri ndi ng on the safe S id e and t h e i r v a lu e i s i ncre ase d by pol

,

i shing t hi s su rf a c e a nd t he b a ck t he i nc re ase d e a se wi t h which

,

a ny fil e h a vi ng a sa f e sid e
,
i s u se d a mply r e p ay s f or the sm all
, ,

a m o u nt of t im e re qui r e d t o do i t .

N o . 6, as y o u se b o th S id e s w i th sm o o th b a ck and
e, is cut o n

i s v a lu a bl e in p r o xi ma l filli ng s as i n F ig f : ,
.

and a l so i n a ; it ha s the sm oo th r o u nd e d b a c k

o f N os 4 a nd 5. : T he a rt i st has m a d e t h
. e

bicu spid s l o o k a li ttl e too much lik e cu spid s N , O ,

b ut the V sp a c e i s i ndic a t e d W e m e e t a f e w c a se s wh e re the

.

filli ng e x te nd s a b o v e or b e l o w the gum and f o r t hi s I h a v e pro ,

v ide d N os . 7 a nd 8 .
 SO C IE T IE S .
1 07

Y ou f i ng to F ig s g a nd 12 th a t th e se a re
will no tic e by r e e rr . .
,

t he re v e rse o f N o s 4 a nd 5 .
,

e xc e pti ng th a t the b a ck o r ,

thick e r p o r ti o n i s cut a w ay ,

N 7 F i g g
o_ t
.
o a
_ ll o w f
,
or a f,
re e r m o ve N 8 Fi g n O , ,
_
, .

m e nt a nd i t a l so serv e s to k e e p it a ga i nst the g old i n fili ng

, ,
.

Th e se ar e a l so much imp ro v e d by p o li shi ng .

N os 9 a nd 1 0 ar e as y o u se e sa f e a nd flat a nd a s now m a d e
.
, , ,

N o . 9 .

N o . 10 .

tap e r to 3 1 gu a g e at p o i nt ,
a nd a r e of v a lu e wh e n w e w a nt a
narro w , flat fil e , f
sa e o n o ne s id e a nd b oth e dges Th e y ta p e r .

in thick ness f ro m the h andl e a nd a re no t lik e ly to b re a k w h e n

N o . 9 — Fi g i
. . . N o . 10 — F i g
. . j . N o . ll .
—
F i g Is . . N o . 12 .
— Fi g . i .

u se d in cl o se sp a c e s F ig s i a nd give th e m a b ov e the V sp a c e
. . . .

Th ey sh oul d b e u se d a f te r the k nife fo rm s ne arer the g ri ndi ng -

or cut ti ng e dg e s Th e se of c o u rse ca n b e g ro u nd to a ro u nd e d
.
, ,

o r cut ti ng e dg e .

N os 1 1 a nd 1 2 are a p a i r o f sa w s t o u se i n sa wi ng u p o r d o w n
.

N o . 11 .

N o . 12 .
1 08 TH E A R CH I V E S OF DE N T T
IS R Y .

b e tw e e n t he te e th ; t h ey h a v e the sa me ta p e r a s the t wo pre

v i o u s numb ers
; a re sa f e sid e d wi th o ne sa f e e dg e I fi nd th e m .

o f v a lu e t o use a ft e r N o s 4 o r 5 or t o p re c e d e t h e m i n sa wi ng . :
,

f ro m the c e rvi c a l w all d o w n or up a s the lip s a re p ro te c te d by, ,

t he sa f e e dg e a nd i n fili ng f r o m the c er vic a l w a ll d o w nw a r d w e

, ,

h a v e b ut li ttl e stra i n or bi ndi ng o n the fil e Thi s co mpl e te s the .

d e sc r ip ti on o f the se t of fil e s Th e re are thi ck e r f orm s th an .

t h o se d esc r ib e d o f N os 9 1 0 1 1 a nd 1 2 now o n sa l e a l so so m e
,
.
, , ,

o f N c s 4 and 5 c ut o n b a ck
. I sh all not i ncl u de t he se i n t he .

se t b u t t h e y c an b e o r d e r e d by t h o se w ho wi sh f ro m Wilki nso n
, ,

C o a t the a dd ress a l re a dy giv e n w ho will se ll t o al l d e a l e r s

.
, ,

a nd o th e r s .

A W S e e C o a nd M r R o w an are now selli ng th e m in

. . .
,
.
,

N e w Y or k a nd i n S t L o u i s M r J o h n R o w a n of L o c u st S tr ee t
,
. .
, ,

ha s t h e m f o r sa l e .

I giv e Fig 1 3 as an illu strati on of ho w th e se fil es ca n b e re

.

p a i re d by g ri ndi ng a f te r b e i ng b rok e n Thi s i s I thi nk a N0 .

, ,
.

Fig . 13 .

8, b u t t he m e t hi ng can b e d one wi th a ny e xc e p t the fi rst t h re e

sa .

T he p o i nts o f t h e se a nd al l ca n b e b ro k e n o ff a nd u se d i n the
,

sm a ll chuck s which m a m a ll t o o l d a l e r s c ost

”
y b e h a d of the s e
“
,

i ng a b o u t thi rty fi v e c e nt s a nd wh e n a sh or t sto u t fil e i s ne e d e d

-

, ,

i t i s a g o o d pl a n to b r e a k o ff the p o i nt Per h ap s the b est na m e .

f or t hi s p a p er w o uld h a v e b e e n F i ni shi ng F illi ng s fro m the “

C e r vi c a l W a ll f o r a s I l o o k b a ck o v e r wh at I h a ve wr i tten th a t
”
,

se e m s t o b e t he l e a di ng t h o u gh t W e c an fi l l so as to a ll o w the .

t e e th to c o m e to g e t h e r a t t h e i r l ar g e st di a m e te r o r e v e n w e dg e

t h e m a li ttl e i n filli ng by buildi ng di r e ct ly a g a i nst thi s p o rt i o n

,

o f the a dj o i ni ng t o o t h o r filli ng a s a g ai nst a m a t r ix t h e n by ,

, ,

bu rni shi ng and u si ng a ny o f the k nife f or m s m a k e the V sp a c e

di st i nct and cl e a r Bu rni sh and fil e a ga i n b e i ng c a re ful to
.
, ,

l e a v e the t e e th t o geth e r li k e tw o m arbl es ; if i nci sors or i n wid e r ,

c onta ct if bi cu spid s o r m ol ars c o mpl e te the p oli shi ng wi th a

, ,

str ip o f t ap e a s f ar as p ossibl e t h e n wi t h o ne of t he sa w s cut ,

 SO C I E T I E S . 1 09

a pa rt a nd w i th o ne o f t he thi n fla t fi l e s a dj u st t he c o nta t
, , , c

a s d e si re d .

Fil e s ca n b e e a sily ch a nge d in s ha p e by co a t i ng wi th p a ste ,

d ra wi ng t he te mp e r a nd t h e n be ndi ng a s d e si re d re h ard e ne d
,
-

by dippi ng i nto sa l t a nd w a te r D i re c t i o ns f o r t hi s p a st e “ ”
.

c a n b e f o u nd i n a ny o f t he t e ch ni c a l r e c e ipt b oo k s ; t h e y a re

m o re co mplic a t e d h o w e v e r th a n w e will c a r e to m a k e a nd
, , ,

ro b a bly a c o a t i ng o f o ch r e w o uld b e a l l t h a t i s ne e d e d t o p ro
p
te e t t he sm a ll e r fil e s u se d by d e nt i st s F il e s f o r fili ng go ld do
.

no t ne e d t o b e a dso l u te l y h a r d f o r re m o vi ng sto ne s f ro m r i ng s ,

j e w e l e rs u se a so f t fi l e f o r fili ng a w ay the se tt i ng so as no t to ,

chip the stone a nd by d ra wi ng a ny o f t he se p a ra ti ng fi l e s t o a

sp r i ng te mp e r sh a rp e ni ng t he e dg e s
,
a nd p o li shi ng ,
l e a vi ng ,

t h e m t hick e st a l o ng t he c e nte r a v e ry t o ugh fi l e f o r u s e i n

,

narro w sp a c e s i s se cu re d the use o f which w ill b e g re a tly f a cil

,

i ta t e d by c o a t i ng i ts p oli sh e d b a ck wi th pu re so a p o r v a se li ne .

Tim e which p ro v e s a l l thi ng s w ill te st the v a lu e o f thi s c o n

, ,

t rib utio n t o o ur sp e c i a l ty I f e e l tha t I h a v e di sch a rg e d a

.
'

pl e a sa nt du ty i n r e p or ti ng th e m f o r the c o nsid e ra ti o n o f i ts
m e mb e rs .

[ Th rough t he p o li te ne ss of the Si m m o ns H ar dw a re C o S t .
, .

Loui s w e are e na bl e d to giv e the fo ll o wi ng cu ts of the nee dl e

,

fil e s re fe rre d to a b o v e T he fil e s ca n b e ha d o f the Simm ons

.

H ardware C o a nd a t a ny o f the j e w e ll e rs supply h o u se s in o u r

.
’

ci ty E D ]
—
 1 10 A R H VE OF DEN T T Y
TH E C I S IS R

P OR C ELAIN FILLING S .
*

B Y ART HUR H T ODD ARD B O T ON M A

. S , S ,
SS .

M r P r esi dent
. a nd G entl em en
Ih v e se l e c te d the subj e c t of p or c e l a i n filli ng f or my p a p er
a

t hi s e v e ni ng h o pi ng to p r o v e i ts p ra ct ic a bili ty a nd S h o w the
, ,

e a se wi t h which a n o p e r a t i on which i s c o nsid er e d S O difli cul t

m ay b e a cc o mp l i sh e d a nd with t he h op e of i nte re sti ng so m e o ne
,

i n t he subj e c t which I t hi nk a v e ry imp or t a nt o ne

,
.

L e t u s fi rst c o nsid e r the re q ui si te s o f the id e a l filli ng m a ter i al ,

and c o mp a re t he m er i t s a nd d e m e r i ts of the di ff e r e nt m a te r i a l s
which w e u se .

H arr i s give s th e m a s f ollo w s

l st R e si st a nc e t o the m e ch a nic a l a c ti o n o f m ast ic a t i o n
. .

2d R e si sta nc e to the ch e m ical a c ti on of the m o uth

. .

3d Fa cili ty of i ntro ducti on and c onso lidat i on

. .

4 th H a r m o ny o f c o l or
. .

5t h A b se nc e o f a l l g a lv a nic ch e mic a l or vi ta l a cti on up o n

.
, ,

the te e t h o r g e ne ra l sy ste m .

6 th A b se nc e o f a l l h ea t c o nduc ti ng p ro p e rty
. .

N o m a ter i a l th at w e no w k no w p osse sse s a l l o f t h e se re q ui re

m e nts .

I t h as l ong b e en t he h op e of the ch e mi st to di sc o v e r so m e .

m ate r i a l h avi ng th ese p ro p e rti e s b ut a s ye t al l a tte mp ts h a v e ,

p ro v e d f util e .

I n t hi s c onne c ti o n it m ight not b e o u t of pl a ce to m a k e a f e w

,

qu otat i o ns f ro m a p a p er o n the subj e c t of transluc ent c e m e nts ,

b y Th o m a s F l e tch e r o f E ngl a nd , .

H e say s S e v e n y e ars ago I g a v e up o rdi nary p ra c tic e to

“

d e v o te my se lf to a ser ie s o f e xp e r i m e nta l rese ar ch e s on e v e ry

c o mp ou nd m ent i o ne d i n the e igh te e n vo lum e s of G m e li n s ’

ch e mi stry I ga v e up w e ari e d and w i th a br o k e n h e ar t a se a r ch

.

which I h a v e a ga i n c o mm e nc e d a s I b e li e ve the re qui re d re sul t,

p ossibl e I ha V e a tta i ne d a lm ost al l the c ondi ti ons re p eate dly

_

.
,

b u t h a v e f a il e d i n so m e vi ta l p o i nt wh e n e v e thi ng e l se w a s
r ight .A s a n e x a mpl e I h a v e ne w a c o mp o u nd which se ts so
,

h ard wi thi n a f e w mi nu te s th at no d r ill wi l l to uch it a nd Which , ,

*R
e ad b e f or e t h e H ar v ard O d o ntol og i c al S oc i e t y , D ec . 26th , 1 889 .
 SO C IE T IE S . 1 11

’
u nd e r c e rta i n c o ndi ti o ns o fle rs te n tim e s the re si sta nc e to a l l
,

so lv e nts a s c o mp a re d wi th the b e st whi te filli ng k no w n .

“
I t Wo rk s w e ll a nd i s in e v e ry w a y f a ul t l e ss e x ce pt tha t
,

w h e n e xp o se d to so lv e nts a nd r ubbi ng s a t t he sa m e t im e i t di s
so lv e s i n a n u na cc o u nta bl e m a nne r a nd th e re fo r e will fa il i n a , , ,

l a rg e p rop or ti on o f c ases A na ly si s sh o w s i t to b e id e ntic a l

.

wi th o rdi nary E ngli sh po rc e l a i n .

”

B ut to re tu rn to o ur subj e c t Th e re i s no m a te r i a l which w e
.

no w h a v e which i s a d a p te d t o a l l c ase s
,
Whi l e g old i s de si ra .

b l e i n o ne pl a c e i t i s to ta lly u nfi t i n a no th e r
,
.

I t posse sse ss m o re a dv a nt a g e s th a n a ny o th e r m ate r i a l still ,

i ts i nh a r m oni o u s c o l o r ( which i s a d e cid e d o bj e cti o n i n sightly

pl a c e s) to g e th e r with i ts c o nd u c t ivi ty to h e at a nd c o ld a nd the
, ,

diffi cul ty o f i ntro duc t i on i n m any pl a c es r end e rs i t a p o or filli ng ,

m a te ri a l A m a lga m i s e v e n m ore i nh ar m o ni o u s in c ol or th a n
.

gold a nd a l th o ugh e a si e r of i ntro ducti o n i s li a bl e to sh r i nk a nd

.
,

ch ange sh a p e to say nothi ng of i ts e ff e ct up on the im agi na t i on

,

o f the H o m e o p a t h s .

A n o bj e cti on t o b oth a m a l gum a nd c o h esiv e g o ld i s th e i r l a ck

o f a da p ta t i on to the c a vi ty a f te r i nt r o duc t i o n a nd t h e i r e nt i re ly ,

f o re ig n nat u re to to oth sub stanc e .

Z i nc ph osph ate a nd gutta p er ch a are b ot h v e ry u se ful in th e i r

- -

pl a ce as filli ng m a te r i a l s b ut w e k no w to o w e ll th e i r d e fici e nci e s

, .

N o w I do no t cl a im t h a t po rce l a infp osse sses al l the qu a liti es

,

th at are d e si re d no r th at i t i s a d ap te d to a l l c a se s but I thi nk

,

y o u will a g re e wi t h m e th a t i t s h a r m o ny i n c ol or th a t i ts re si st ,

a nc e to m e ch anic a l ch e mica l g a lv a nic a nd vi ta l a c ti o n re nd e r

, , ,

it a m o st u seful filli ng m a t e r i a l .

I h op e to sh o w by t he sp e cim e ns I h a v e a nd the c as es I cit e ,

th at i t m ay b e i nse r te d wi t h ease a nd th a t p ro p e rly se t by u si ng ,

gold gutta p e rch a or ce m e nt it fo rm s a m ost du ra bl e filli ng

, ,

m a te r i a l .

T he m o d e l which I will p a ss a ro u nd w a s ki ndly fu rni sh e d m e

by D r G e o rg e L C o ok e o f Milford M a ss I t re p re se nts a
. .
, ,
.

sup e ri o r c e nt ra l i nci so r wi t h a p o r c e l a i n i nl ay i n the l a bi a l s u r

fa c e I t w as se t by D r C o ok e o v e r thi rty y e a rs ag o a nd is still

. .
,

i n p e rf e ct c o ndi t i on H e u se d so f t g o ld to build a b o u t t he
.

m a rgi n a s c o h e siv e go ld w a s no t in u se a t th a t tim e

, .
1 12 TH E AR C HIV E S or DEN T I S TR Y .

Ih v e se e n so m e p or c e l a i n filli ng s m a d e by D r A H Pa rk e r
a . . .

a numb e r o f y e a rs a o w h ich a re a s pe rf e c t t o da wh n t h y
g y as e e -

w e re m a d e and whi ch a pp ro xim a te t he na tu ra l te e th so i n c o l o r

,

t ha t i t i s a l m ost i mp o ss ibl e to d e te c t th e m O ne o f th e se a .
,

p or to n o f a c e ntra l i nci so r w a s se t in 1 873 a nd i s still i n pl a ce

, , ,

ne v er ha vi ng b e e n re se t .

E i th e r gu tta p e rch a or c em e nt may be u se d i n se tti ng th e se

—

fill ing s d e p e ndi ng O I I the c o ndi t i o ns o f t he se c re t i on o f the

,

m ou th a nd t he posi t io n o f t he filli ng s in t he te e th W he n the

,
/
.

filli ng i s a t the m argi n o f the gum o r i n a pl a ce th a t is no t se lf ,

c l e a ns i ng I p r e f e r gu tt a p e r ch a ; i n o t h e r p l a c e s u nd e r f a v o ra bl e
,
-

co ndi ti o ns I p re f e r c e m e nt
,
I t i s su rp r i si ng h o w e v e r ho w w e ll
.
, ,

e i th e r will l a st d u e no d o ub t t o t he mi nu t e qu a nt i ty e xp o se d
, , ,

t o w e a r a nd t he a c ti o n o f t he se c r e t i o ns .

I W ill now try a nd give y o u a b ri e f d e sc rip ti o n of t he se v e ral

m e t h od s of m a ki ng p o r c e l a i n filli ng s .

T he fi r st ar t icl e I fi nd 0 11 t he subj e c t i s by D r W o o d i n t he .
,

D ental Cosm os o f 1 86 2 ,
H e say s .

“
T he d e sig nof t he i mp r o v e m e nt i n fi l li ng i s t o r e sto re the
f o rm a nd b e a u ty of d e c ay e d a nd b ro k e n t e e th a nd to c o nc e a l ,

t he m e t a l pl ug s by m e a ns o f a ca p or c o v e ri ng o f p o r c e l a i n
”
.

I t see m s he t hou gh t o f h a vi ng t hi s p a te nte d H e sa y s .

I i nte nd e d to do so chi e fly by w ay of t a ki ng g rou nd o n the

sid e o f a g re a t p r i nc ipl e u nj u stly a ssa il e d .

H e d oes no t giv e m any d e ta il s as to his m e t h o d of i nse r t i o n .

Aga i n i n 1 880 I fi nd a n ar ti cl e on the subj e ct by D r R olli ns

, ,
.
,

o f B ost on H is m e t h od I ca nno t b u t thi nk r e qui re s c o ns id e r

.
, ,

a bl e e x p e r i e nc e a nd a pp a ra t u s a nd w o uld s c a r c e ly r e c o mm e nd ,

i tse lf t o the bu sy p ra ct i t i o ne r .

Af te r pre pa ri ng the ca vi ty he ta k e s an imp re ssi on wi th a ,

st ick o f m od e l i ng c o mp o u nd a tta ch e s a c o pp e r wi re t o t he e nd ,

o f t he st i c k d ips i t i nto e t h e r t h e n i nt o p o wd e r e d bl a ck l e a d
, , ,

d e p o si t i ng c o pp e r o n it by m e a ns o f a b atte ry to the thick ne ss

, ,

o f a six t e e nt h o f a n i nch Thi s he u se s a s a m a trix i nto which

.

he m o uld s hi s e na me l o r bo dy f o r the filli ng whic h i s a f ter wa rd s ,

b a k e d and se t i nto the c avi ty .

D r L a nd s m e th o d which he ha s p a t e nte d w i thi n the p ast f e w

’ -

.
,

yea rs i s so m e wh a t S imil a r to t hi s e xc e p t th a t he bur ni sh e s thi n

, ,
 S ou M
U
I as
Q
.

pl a ti num I nto t he c a vi ty a nd u se s t hi s a s a m a t rix i ntowhic h

,

the b o dy i s m o uld e d a nd b a k e d I t c e rta i nly ha s t he m e r i t o f

.

s implici ty .

A no th e r m e tho d sugge sted by D r I l o w o f Phil ad elp hi a i s

, .
, ,

to m a k e t he c a vi ty ci rcul a r i n f o r m th e n to g ri nd a pi e c e o f ,

p o rc e l a i n to the d e si re d siz e by ce m e nt i ng i t 0 11 t he e nd o f a
w o od e n m a nd re l pl a c e d in a d e nta l e ngi ne a nd re v o l v m g ra pidl y
, ,

o n a c o ru ndum o r g ri nd st o ne , .

I I I t hi s m a nne r i t i s p o ssibl e to fi t t he i nl a y v e ry a ccu ra te ly .

T he g re a t o bj e c ti o n t o i t ho w e v e r is th a t i t i s a d a p t e d to o nl y a
, ,

v e ry li m i te d numb e r of c a vi ti e s a nd g e ne ra lly a l a rg e p o rti o n ,

o f so u nd d e nt i ne mu st b e sa c r ific e d t o o b ta i n the ci r cul ar f o r m .

I II i rre gul a r sh a p e d c a vi ti e s D r H o w g ri nd s a pi e c e o f po rce

,
. .

l a i n to the d e si re d sh a p e ; b u t thi s i s o f te n a te di o u s a nd difficul t

o p e ra ti o n .

M r D al i i n a p a p e r 0 11 thi s subj e c t r e a d i n G l a sg o w a dv o c a te
.
, , ,

t hi s m e th o d a nd a d a p ts i t t o p r o xim a l c a vi ti e s by cu tti ng
,

th ro ugh f ro m t he l a bi a l su rf a c e buildi ng a fl o o r o f c o he siv e g o ld

,

O I I the p a l a ti ne su r f a c e g ri ndi ng i n a pi e c e o f E ngli sh p o r c e l a i n

,

to o t h a s i n a si mpl e l a bi a l c a vi ty
, .

I b e li e v e the m anufa ctu re rs no w fu rni sh sm a ll pi e c e s of po rce

l a i n w hich m ay b e g ro u nd i nto sha pe bu t I t hi nk o ne w i t h t he
c onv e ni e nc e s a t h a nd w o uld fi nd th a t it re qui re s l e ss tim e to
,

b a k e o ne t h a n it d o e s to se l e c t o ne f ro m s to ck a nd g ri nd i t i nto
sha p e .

A s b ri e fly a s p o ssibl e I w ill giv e the m e t ho d which w e e mpl oy

, .

Th e re i s no thi ng p a rticul a r] y no v e l a b o u t i t to o ne u se d to po rc e
l a i n w o rk b ut i t se e m s to m e th a t it i s the m o st pra c t i a bl e in a l l
,
t

c a se s o f a ny th a t I h a v e y e t se e n Sh a p e the c a vi ty to g e ne ral .

fo rm de si re d wi th o u t m a ki ng a ny u nd e rcu ts L e a v e the m o re
,
.

c a re ful t rimmi ng u ntil the tim e f o r fi tti ng the filli ng i nto pin
T h e s p e cim e n I p a ss a ro u nd will sh o w a t o o th p re p a r e d i n t hi s
( .

m a nne r a l so the p o rc e l a i n filli ng a s it c o m e s f ro m the fu rna ce

, .

wi th o u t a ny g ri ndi ng) T a k e a n imp re ssi o n o f t he c a vi ty wi t h

.

A h s m o d e li ng co mp o u nd u si ng it in a stick the fo rm o f a
s
’
,

p e ncil “ a rm o ne e nd o v e r a sm a ll fla m e a nd th ru st i t i nto
.
f
,

t he c a vi ty t a ki ng c a re to g c t a n a ccu ra te imp re s i o n o f t he p a rts

,
s

o f the to o t h imm e di a te ly s u r ro u nd i ng t he c a vi ty a s w e ll a s t he ,

a v it
y i ts e lf .
1 14 TH E A R CH I VE S OF DEN TI S TR Y .

T he c ol or i s no w se l e c te d f ro m the sa mpl e c ol o rs E a ch sa m .

p l e c o rre sp o ndi ng i n numb e r t o a b o dy o f t h a t numb e r I n t hi s .

m a nner th e re i s a c e r ta i nty th a t the b o dy wh e n b a k e d will b e , ,

of t he c o l or d e si re d .

C a st the imp re ssi o n wi th o u t o ili ng it a nd u se the p l aster p ar i s ,

v e ry t hi n I n t hi s m anne r a n a ccu rate m o d e l of the t o oth a nd

.

c a vi ty m any b e o b ta i ne d .

A f ter sep arati ng trim the m argi n of the ca vi ty i n t he pl a ste r

, ,

m o d e l t ill i t i s sligh tly l arge r t h an the c avi ty in t he natu ra l

,

t e e t h t o a ll o w f or sh r i nk a g e i n b a ki ng a nd m a k e a sligh t u nd er
, ,

cut . Th e n mix the b o dy of the d e si re d numb e r t o t he c onsi st

e ncy o f c re a m p ack i nto the c a vi ty i n t he pl a st e r m o d e l u nt il
,

f ull a nd c o v e r wi t h a t hi n c oa ti ng of e na m e l
,
.

Pl a c e i n the gas fu rna c e b a k e a b o u t t w o mi nu te s Thi s , .

b i scui t s the fi l li ng so t h at i t m ay b e r e m o v e d f r o m t he pl ast e r ,

o t h e r wi se t he m o d e l w o uld m e l t wh e n subj e c t e d to the i nt e nse

,

h e at i n t he f urnance C o nt i nu e the b aki ng f or a b o u t six mi nu te s

.

l o ng e r a nd t he filli ngi s fu se d
,
.

Wh e n c o ol i t m ay b e gro u nd i nto pl a c e se t and p oli sh e d in a

, ,

su r p ri si ngly sh o r t t im e .

T he m a nne r o f se tti ng b e i ng vi r tu ally t he sa m e i n a l l m e t h o d s .

D I SC U SS ION OF D R . CO O K E S
‘
PA P E R
I R R E G UL A R I T I E S .

D R . CLA PP —
T he yi st se e m s t o h a v e c o v e re d the wh ol e
e ssa

fi e ld A s . a p a p e r o n the g e nera l st udy o f i rr e gu l a r i t i e s i t i s ,

e xc e ll e nt ; the p o i nt s he ha s b r o ugh t o ut a re c orre c t a nd mu st

sta nd .

H e ha s sa id v e ry li ttl e
pi ano wi re f o r re gul a t i ng
o n the u se o f .

A sh or t t im e a go I ha d t he pl e a su re o f m e e t i ng D r J a ck so n of .
,

N e w Y o rk w ho has u se d t he pi a no wi re f o r r e gul a ti ng to a g re a t
,

e x t e nt a nd t he m o d e l s t h a t he sh o w e d a nd the c a se s t h a t he e x
, ,

pl a i ne d wi th hi s a ppli a nce s g a v e e vid e nce th a t pi ano wi re i s a

,

gre at f a c tor i n r e gul a ti ng the t e e t h I say thi s to e nc o u ra ge a nd .

*R e a d b e f or e t h e H ar v ar d O d o nt ol og i cal S oc i e ty , N ov . 30, 1 889 .

AR CH I V E S , V ol V I I
.
, p a ge 60 .
 SO C IE T I E S . 1 15

i nvi te the m o re g e ne ra l u se a nd c o nsid era ti o n o f the po sib il itie s

,

o f thi s a g e nt .

D r C oo k e has no t b ro ugh t f o r w a r d a nv c a se wh e r e he ha s u se d
.

the C o fii n spli t pl a te . I k no w he u se s i t a nd I k no w he has ,

ache i v e d g o o d re sul ts wi th i t I n my h a nd s i t ha s b e e n o ne o f
.

the m ost succ e ssful a ppli a nc es I t mu st b e u se d wi t h j u dg me nt

. .

Po ssibly I h a v e fal l e n i nto the p ra c t ic e of u si ng it wh e n I o u gh t

no t a nd h a v e se e m e d to i nvi te the c ri t1 c1 sm th a t D r C o o k e
, .

be sto w s o n th o se w ho r id e a h o bby .

Th e re i s one t hi ng t h a t i s a b so lu te ly ne c e ssary in the r e gul a

t i o n of tee th to b e succ e ssful a c orre c t j udgm e nt a nd a n a ccu

r a t e m a nipul a t iv e skill . I t i s no t so diffic ul t i n m o st c a se s t o

t t h e t e e t h wh e r e w e w a nt t h e m t h a t i s no t t he g re a t di th
—
p u

cul ty in re gul at i ng te e th bu t it i s t o d e te rmi ne ho w t o d o

it a nd wh e n a nd if a cc o mpli sh e d ho w th e y can b e i nduc e d to
, , ,

re m a i n i n the p o si t i o n d e si re d I h a v e to day a dj u ste d li ttl e ap

.
—

l i a nce s o n a c ase t h a t I r e gul a t e d so m e t im e a g o T h e i rr e u

p g .

l ar ity w a s p r i ncip a lly i n the pro tu sio n o f t he l a te ra l s T he .

a rch w as l arg e e no ugh ,

b ut t he l a te ra l s p ro tr ud e d a nd the ce n ,

tr a l s l a pp e d a v e r y li ttl e .I k e p t the pl ate c o ve ri ng the ro o f of

t he m o u t h wi t h tw o li ttl e l o o p s o f g o ld o ut o v e r the l a t e ra l s t o
h old the m in I u se d t hi s a s l ong a s I d are d i n f a c t u ntil I
.
, ,

sa w sig ns of d e c a y i n c o nse qu e nc e o f t he pl a te h a vi ng b ee n i n

the m o u th . I t hi nk I k e p t it th e re nea rl y a y e ar T he child .

w as a b o u t ni ne o r te n y e a rs o f age a t t h a t t im e T he ne xt y e a r
th o se l a t e ra l s w ere v e ry m
.

uch o ut of pl a c e a g a i n a nd to day I put ,

—

o n the li ttl e l o o p s o f g o ld a tt a ch e d to a b a r a nd c e m e nte d t he

a ppli a nc e o n , Wh e th e r it will b e a succ e ss o r no t I c a n te ll ,

o u b e t te r a y e ar h e nc e t h a n I ca n t o d a y
y .

We mu st c o nsid e r th a t wh e n the te e th a re i n pl a c e the h ou r ,

f or the e x e rci se of g re a t skill a nd j udgm e nt i s no t p asse d b u t ,

ha s re a lly c o m e ; a nd w e mu st d e v o te fully a s much study a s ,

much c a re a nd e v e n m o re to re ta i ni ng the te e th i n p o si ti o n a s
, , ,

w e h a v e d o ne i n g e tt i ng t h e m i nto pl a ce I ca n o nly say th a t the

.

c o rre c ti o n o f t he i rre gul a ri ti e s of the te e th is a fi e ld th a t i s

suffici e ntly difficul t to o ccupy e nti re ly a p e rso n h a vi ng t he g r e a t
,

e st na tu ra l a biliti e s f o r i t I d oub t i f a p e rso nin ge ne ra l p ra e

.

t ic e o f d e nti stry w ho d o e s no t give m o re th a n p a ssi ng a t te nt i o n

 THE AR C H I VE S OF DEN TI S T R Y .

to i rr e gul a ri ti e s is a c o m p e t e nt p e rso n to d e a l w i th th e m E a ch .

y e a r no t o nly o u r o w n p ro fe ssi o n b u t a l l o th e rs a re be i ng di
, , ,

v ide d up i nt o sp e ci al t i e s a nd if t h e r e i s a n t hin i n o u r p ro f essi o n

y ,
g
t h a t m a y w e l l b e c o u nt e d a sp e ci a l ty i t i s re gul a t i ng t he t ee th ; ,

a nd as e x p e r i e nc e a nd c o nst a nt p r a c tic e m a k e o ne m o re ne a rl y

p e rfe c t so One w ho t re a ts i rre g ul a ri ti e s c o nsta ntly ca n tre a t t h e m

, ,

i n a b e tte r m a nne r th a n o ne w ho o nly o c ca si o nally a t te mp ts i t

.
.

PRE S I D EN T B R I G G s I thi nk D r C oo k e sta te d th a t a s a rul e .

he w o uld no t a dvi se t he j umpi ng o f t e e t h i n o cclu si o n Am I .

r i g ht D r C o o k e ?
,
.

D R COOKE . Y e s ; t ha t i s a s I sta te d I w o uld Op e n the bi te

—
.
,

giv e t he p at i e nt so m e thi ng t o bi te u p o n a nd t hu s p ro cu re a ,

m o re t h o ro ugh m a tic a t i o n o f f o o d
s .

PRE S I D EN T B R I e G s ’
I d o n t w a nt t o e xp re ss a ny o pi ni o n
—

b ut w ill simply giv e my u nd e r st a ndi ng o f t he m e t ho d o f D r

.
.

Ja ck so n wh o m D r C oo k e qu o t e s I t hi nk I a m righ t in qu ot
,
. .

i ng him a s sa yi ng t h a t he j ump s te e th b a ckw a r d a nd f o r w a r d .

o u t o v e r t he l o w e r t e e t h o r upp e r t e e th a s t he c a se ma b e
y , .

D R G ILLE TT E :
. I t hi nk t he p a p e r v a s v e ry c o mm e nd a bl e
—
.

Pe rh a p s o ne o f t he t ru e st thi ng s m e nti o ne d i n it a nd o ne o f the ,

p o i nts t h a t I t hi nk ne e d s e mph a sizi ng a nd o f w hich I h a v e ,

t h o ug ht a g o o d d e a l o f l a t e i s c o nc e rni ng t he b r e a ki ng up o f t he
,

o ccl u si o n I t hi nk th e re i s no e xcu se f o r sp o ili ng go o d o cclu si o n

.

o f t he m a st ic a t i ng su r f a c e s si mply f or t he sa k e o f a pp e a ra nc e
, .

T he b r e a ki ng up o f a n o cclu si o n i s d o i ng m o re i nj u ry t h a n ca n
b e c o mp e nsa te d f o r by a ny ch a ng e o f a pp e a ra nc e th a t ca n b e
p ro duc e d .

T he p o i nt w hic h D r Cl a pp ha s m a d e c o nc e rni ng t he r e ta i ni ng
.

o f t he t e e t h a f te r t he y ha v e b e e n r e gu l a t e d i s a n imp o r ta nt o ne
-

. .

T he m O v i ng o f the t e e th i s o f te n t he e a si e st p a r t of t he o p e r a
ti o n I ha v e a c a se no w which I a m w a tc hi ng a nx i o u sl y I t
. .

w as o rigi na l l y a V sh a p e d a r c h wi t h s o m e o th e r c o mplic a t i ons .

T he r e t a i ni ng a ppli a nc e s h a v e b e e n i n pl a c e ne a rly a y e a r b ut I ,
’
f e a r t h at a no t h e r y e ar s c o mp a ri so n i s g o i ng t o m a k e m e fe e l
b a dly w he n I se e t he m .

D R BLAI S D ELL. I will sh o w a n a ppli a nc e tha t I u se w h e n

—

the c a ni ne i s e rup t e d i nsid e the ar ch T he l a tera l a nd bicu spid .

are c a pp e d wi th pl a t i num a nd a pe
g so ld e r e d o n the l a bi a l a nd
.
 SO C I E T I E S .

bucc a l su rfa c e s up o n which a y o k e is pl a c e d wi th a h o l e d rill e d .

th ro u g h i t di re c tly o pp o si te the cu spid T he cu spid i s c a pp e d .

w i t h pl a ti num so ld e re d t o wh ich i s a wi re wi th a t hr e a d cut

,

up o n i t l o ng e no ugh to p a ss th ro ugh the y o k e A nut i s t h e n

,
.

pl a ce d up o n the sc re w a nd tu rne d by m e a ns O f a w a tch k e y -

.

Afte r pl aci ng the a ppli a nc e up o n the te e th I ga v e the w a tch k ey ,

-

to the p a t i e nt a nd did no t se e he r u ntil t he to o t h w a s i n i ts

pr o p e r p o si ti o n .

D R COOKE
. I h a v e tr i e d th a t b u t I h a v e no t f o u nd i t to
—
,

w o rk a s sa ti sfa c to rily as the rubb e r pe g f o r thi s re a son : I n a , ,

g re a t m a ny c a se s wh e re you w ant to put i n a peg t he pl a te i s ,

h eld up by the peg to uchi ng the to o th cl o se t o the gum a nd ,

wi th the r ubb e r pe g y o u ca n sh a v e it d o w n so th a t i t will sta y

No w wi th the scre w if y o u tu r n i t a ro u nd it has got
,

in pl a ce .
, , ,

to h a v e t he sa m e b e ari ng al l aro u nd a nd y o u c a nno t h a v e i n m y , ,

e xp e ri e nc e as g o o d re sul ts wi th t he sc re w i n thi s cl ass o f c a se s .

,

I h a v e vulcaniz e d the r ubb e r u se d f o r the p e g s b e tw e e n pi e c e s

o f she e t ti n w ra ppi ng a pi e c e o f c o pp e r wi r e a r o u nd i t S e v e ra l
,
.

pi e c e s a re vulc a niz e d a t a t im e I t i s th e n sa w e d i n strip s . .

Wh e n t he p a t i e nt c o m e s i n d rill a h o l e th ro ugh the pl ate fi l e

, ,

d o w n the strip a nd d r iv e it i n N o w wh e n the p a ti e nt c o m e s

,
.
,

b a ck to ch a ng e the peg ta k e a bu rni sh e r pl a c e i t o n the b a ck

, ,

e nd o f the
p e g a nd p re ss i t Out .

D R WE R N E R z
. I c o mm e nd the p a p e r p art icul a rly o n so m e
—
,

p o i nts O ne i s the e xt re m e imp or tanc e o f the e a rly c o rre cti o n

.

o f li t tl e i r re gul a ri ti e s wh e n t he d e cidu o u s te e t h a re e t i n p o si
y
ti o n Fo r i nsta nc e w e h a v e a c o nt a c te d a r ch a nd the d e cidu o u s
.

, ,

m o l a rs a re y e t in p o siti o n w e se e a p ro b a bili ty o f a na rro wi ng

,

in t he re gi o n o f t he bicu spid s a nd the a lv e o l ar p ro c e ss sh o uld b e

,

fo rc e d o ut a nd re ta i ne d th e re We ca n re ly o n a c e rta i n a m o u nt
.

o f c o rr e c t i o n b e f o re the g ro w t h o f the i ndividu a l i s r e a ch e d It .

ma y b e sa id t h a t i n m a ny c a se s such i rre gul a ri ti e s c o r re c t th e m

se lv e s e t f a mily d e nti st s sh o uld t re a t t h o se c a se s w hil e the d e cid
y,

uo us m o l a rs a re e t i n p o si ti o n th e r e by simplifyi ng tre a tm e nt In
y , .

so m e c a se s I se e no o bj e cti o n to the e x tra c t i o n o f

-
t he l at e ra l
i nci so rs th a t b e i ng of littl e c o nse qu e nc e i n a m a n w ho i s g o i ng
,

to h a v e a b e a rd a nd the te e th a re no t p ro mi ne nt
,
I f i t w e re a .

gi rl I sh o uld h e sita t e b ut i n the a v e ra g e m a l e no g re a t h a rm

,
1 18 TE E AR CH I VE S OF D E N T
I S TR Y .

w o uld b e d one I t w a s c o nsid e re d v e ry w rong in my sch oo l

.

d ay s to e x tr a c t a ny of the a nte r i o r te e th a ny t hi ng ant eri or to

the fi r st m o l a r w a s a tro ci o u s .

I l o o k up on i rre gul ar i ti es of the te eth a s a sign of ou r A m e ri

ca n phy sic a l d e g e ne ra t i o n A li ttl e p ati e nt w a s b ro ugh t to m e
.

by his m oth e r w ho w a nte d to kno w wh at sh ould b e d o ne to the

,

child s te e th. I a dvi se d her to phy sic a lly e ducate a nd d e v e l o p

’

him to put hi m i n a gym nasium u nd e r p ro p e r m e di c a l di re ct i on

,
.

S he l oo k e d wi th a m a z e m e nt a nd w a nt e d t o k no w wh a t e ffe c t
t h at w o uld h a v e on hi s t e e t h T he h um a n m a xill as i nh e ri t ce r
.

ta i n typic a l t e nd e nci e s a nd a l th o ugh i rr e gul a r i t i e s m a y p re se nt

,

th e m se lv e s a g e ne r a t i o n o r t wo O f p ro pe r phy sic a l cult u re a nd

,

u se will re t u r n t h e m t o t h e i r typic a l f or m s .

PRE S I D EN T BRIGG S Pe rha p s D r C o o k e w ould giv e u s so m e .

o f hi s id e a s o n the subj e c t O f t he a ge limi t the qu esti o n of —

wh a t a ge it i s b e st to Op erate f o r t he c orr e cti on of i rre gul ar i ti e s ,

a nd wh a t limi t if he ha s a ny limi t ?
,

D R Co os
. I sh o uld no t u su a lly c o mm e nc e c orr e c ti ng a n
—

i rre gul ar i ty u ntil the d e cidu o u s t ee th a re sh e d t h o ugh t h ose ,

c a se s wh e re t he t eet h nee d pu shi ng i nto li ne m ay b e do ne e a sily

se e n a ft e r the t e e t h e r up t I h a v e a c ase in mi nd wh ere the
.

sup e r i o r i nci sors o cclud e d i nsid e t he l o w e r o ne s A j a ck e t pl ate .

w a s m a d e a nd t h e y w e r e p e gg e d i nto li ne T he c a ni ne s a nd .

bicu spids w e re a l so pu sh e d o u t soo n a ft e r e r up t i ng and a nor m a l

ar ch w a s t he r e sul t .

D R S H E P Aa
. I w o uld lik e to a sk D r C oo k e wh a t i s the
—
.

m o st f a vo ra bl e t im e f or t he e x tra ct i on of the S i x y e ar m ol a rs if -

the y are t o b e e x t ra ct e d .

D R COOKE
. Wh en the se cond m ol ars a r e c o mi ng up thro ugh
-

the gum .

D R WERNE R
. I S h o uld h old t o the Opi ni o n t h a t th e re i s no
—

such t hi ng a s b e i ng t o o l a t e f o r r e gu l a t i ng ; g e ne r a lly sp ea ki ng ,

a ny t im e i n lif e b u t the m o st f a v o ra bl e ti m e i s du ri ng o r b e fo re
,

m a t u r i ty .

D R CLA PP
. D r C oo k e has j u st st a te d th at the b e st ti m e t o
.

e x t ra c t t he si x y e a r m o l a rs if t h e y ar e t o b e e x tr a c te d i s wh e n
-

, ,

the tw e lv e y e ar m o l ars a re c o mi ng up t h r o ugh the gum

-

If the .

e x t ra c t i o n i s t o b e m a d e t o g a i n ro o m my e xp e ri e nce i s t h at the ,
 SO C I E T IE S . 119

be st t im e is wh e n the tw e lv e y e ar m o l a rs b o t h sup e r i o r a nd - —

i nfe ri o r a re fully o cclud e d I fi nd th a t t he sup e ri o r a nd i nf e

.

ri o r m o l ar s will m o v e t o w a r d t he bicu spid s wh e n t he wi sd o m

te e t h m a k e t h e i r a pp ea ra nc wi th l e ss t ippi ng f o rw a r d wh e n
,

th e y fully o ccl ud e t h a n if th e y a re ta k e n o u t b e fo re t h a t t im e
a rr iv e s .I f the te e th w e re t o b e ta k e n o ut simply b e ca u se th e y
w e re b a dly d e cay e d a nd th e re w as no ne e d to ga i n ro o m I
, ,

sho uld p re fe r to t a k e t h e m o u t a s so o n a s p o ssibl e so t h a t t he ,

twe lv e y e ar m o l a rs migh t c o m e di re c tly i n the pl a c e o f the S i x

-

y e a r m o l a rs .

D R MERIA M
. T he g re a te st succ e ss t h a t I h a v e ha d i n r e gu
—

l a ti ng te e t h w a s wh e re I lif te d o v e r the f o u r i nci sor s f or a ,

wo m an w ho w a s o v e r f or ty y e a rs o l d T he te e th h a v e ne v e r .

go ne b a ck .

I n t hi s c ase I g a v e the a dvic e I did b e c a u se t he t e e t h w e re

w e a ri ng the f a c e s a nd i n a S h ort ti me w o uld h a v e ne e d e d filli ng
,
.

I notic e d th a t the te e th m ov e d e a sily i n w e dgi ng and I sh o we d ,

her th a t the m o v e m e nt re qui re d t o lif t t he t ip s o v e r w o uld no t

b e much g r e a te r I u se d a pl ate wi th p egs in pu shi ng th e m
.

fo r ward .

Th e re i s o ne cl a ss o f i rre gul a r i ti e s t h a t I h a v e trea t e d v e ry

S imply t h a t i s the c o mi ng d o w n o f t he c e nt ra l o r l a te ra l i nci sors
, ,

i nsid e the ar ch O f the u nd e r .

Ta ki ng a dva nta g e o f the fa c t th at the u nd e r e rup t fi rst a nd ,

no tici ng the a pp r oa ch o f t he upp er I t ie t he u nd e r b a ck to the ,

six y e a r m o l ar u nt il t he upp er i s e r up te d b e y o nd d a ng e r
-

th e n ,

re m o v e t he lig a t u r e a nd l e t na tu re ta k e c are o f the r e st Thi s .

ha s w o rk e d v e ry w e l l i n simpl e c ase s Fo r lig a tu re s I u se the .

Chi na g ra ss l ine Y o u k no w ho w much it S h ri nk s a nd th a t it

-

.
,

re m a i ns tight wi th o u t so f te ni ng I t i s t he B aa/mnem a mfrea o f

'

b o ta ni sts a nd i s t he m a t e r i a l o f Chi na g rass cl o t h s

,
I t ca n b e -

ha d i n B osto n o b ta i ne d o f D a m e S to dd a rd
,
K e nd all a nd I , ,

su p o se o f de a l e rs i n fi shi ng ta ckl e i n a n
p y o f t he l arg e ci ti e s .

T he se e rsuck e r cl o th o w e s i ts p e culi a r c o ckl e to a mix tu re of

thi s fib re I t w a s m ad e i nto the g ra ss li ne n fo rm e rly b ro ugh t
.

f ro m Chi na by the S a l e m se a c a p ta i ns I t i s c o mm o nly sp o k e n .

o f a s the R h e a fib re b u t b e tte r k no w n by i ts M a l a y na m e
, ,

Ra mi e a nd is S p o k e n o f in ca ta l o gu e s a s se a ta ngl e twi st
,
”
-
”
1 20 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN T I S T R Y .

a nd g ra ss li nc
sea -

I t ha s t he g re a t a d I a nta ge t h a t it i s st iff
.
'

e no ugh t o b e th re a d e d wi th a t w e e z e r b e t w e e n t he t e e t h a t t h e i r

ne ck s t hu s a v o idi ng t he p a i n o f f o r ci ng a lig a t u re b e t w ee n t h e m
,

w he n t e nd e r I t sh r i nk s b ut i s no t e l a st ic A pi e c e o f se e r
.
.
.

suck e r c o nt a i ni ng a b o u t fif t e e n y a r d s will I b eli e v e sh ri nk a , ,

y a rd o r m or e i n sp o ngi ng .

A li st give n by a w ri ter o n the subj e ct sh o w s the fo ll o w i ng

R mi H mp Fl x C n a e e a o tto

R e si st ance to tra c ti on
. . .

1 00 25 12
E l a stici ty b e fo re rup t u re 1 00 66 1 00 .

R e si sta nc e to t ortio n 1 00 80 ,4 00
L ength o f fibr e a b o u t e igh t i nche s ,
.

I g o i nto t hi s qui t e fully b e c a u se th o ugh t he li ne i s l ar g el y ,

u se d i n B ost o n I h a v e se e n no thi ng o f i t i n p ri nt
,
.

I w ould sa v fu rth e r th at the pi ano wi re can b e ob ta i ne d i n a l l

qu a nti ti e s f ro m a sp r i ng w i nd e r o n U tic a S tre e t I a m told th a t .

Am e rica n pi a no wi re th at is m a d e by Wa shbu rn M o en i s b ette r

th a n the E ngli sh .

Th e re i s o ne t hi ng th at D r C o o k e S po k e to m e a b o u t o n the .

way d o w n which I thi nk w o uld b e a g oo d thi ng

,
H e p r o p ose d .

ga the r i ng to g e th e r al l re gul a t i ng a ppli a nc e s wi t h simpl e na m e , ,

a nd d a t e o f i nt ro duc t i o n t he n h a vi ng t h e m ph o to g r a ph e d a nd
'

e ng ra v e d I sho uld b e v ery gl a d to pay my sh are of the c ost of

.

e ng ra v i ng b e c a u se w e sh o u l d ha v e t h e n a n e x a c t hi st o ry
,
a nd ,

th a t I thi nk w o uld p r e v e nt duplic a ti o n

,
.

I n K nigh t s M e c ha nic a l Dic t i ona ry th e re i s a p a g e o r t w o of

the diff e r e nt k no ts a nd t h o se a re w o r t h st udyi ng f o r o ne w ho i s
,

i nte r e ste d i n thi s subj e ct O f c o u rse i n t hi s the A m e r ica n de n

.
,

ti st s h a v e e xc e ll e d I thi nk wh a t I S p ok e o f tyi ng the i nferi or

.
,

i nci so r s t o t he six y e a r m ol a r i s the o nly t hi ng t h a t I ca n a dd

-

to night
-

D R G ILLE TTE I w o uld lik e to a sk D r M er i a m ho w much

. .

so re ne ss he go t f ro m t hat tyi ng

D R MERIA M
. N o t a g re a t d ea l T he co ntra c ti o n o f the .

g rass li ne i s c onsta nt .

D R G ILLE TT E My o w n e xp e r i e nc e in a tte mp ti ng it ta k e ‘

r ubb e r o r a ny thi ng o f th a t so rt i s t h a t i t will p ro duc e a gr e at

d e al o f so r e ne ss .
 SOCI E I I Es
' ‘
. | 21

DR M E RIA M
. Y o u will s e e t ha t the c o rd c a n b e ti e d f r m . o

t he m o l a r f o r w a rd a nd t i e d w e ll up o n the i nf e ri o r i nci so r
,
I am .

u si ng th o se to re gul a te the upp e r T he sh a p e o f the to o t h is .

s uch t h a t i t w o u l d no t b e i ncli ne d t o w o r k d o w n
.
T he so re ne ss .

c a u se d by r ubb e r i s much g re a te r th a n th a t c a u se d by the Chi na

g ra ss a nd o wi ng t o the e l a stici ty o f the fo rm e r w e sh o uld b e
, ,

c a re ful to ge t the fi ne st li ne s .

D R G ILLE TT E
. O ne r e m a rk th a t D r C o o k e m a d e struck m e
—
.

a s b e i ng a v e r v f o r cibl e o ne I h a v e so m e tim e s b e e n asto ni she d

.

a t the a ppli a nc e s w hich p e o pl e w o uld k e e p i n t h e i r m o nths f o r

t he sa k e o f h a vi ng th e i r te e th r e gul a t e d I t se e m s to m e th a t .

the
“
j a ck e t pl a te is a g re a t nui sanc e a nd v e ry li a bl e to b e
i nj u ri o u s We ne e d it o f c o u rse f or m any c ase s O f l a te I h a v e
. .

b e e n u si ng wh e n p ossibl e so m e m o dific a ti o n of the A ng l e sys

, ,

te m . A s y o u k no w i t c o nsi sts v e r l a rg e ly o f b and s o r c a p s

,
f

c e m e nte d to o r a b o u t the te e t h f o r a nch o ra g e and o f sp ri ng s o r

. .
,

s c re w s o f pi a no o r g o ld sp r i ng wi re f o r p ro duci ng p re ssu re wh e n

ne e d e d I n a g re a t m a ny i nsta nc e s i t se e m s to m e t h a t t he w o r k
.

m a y b e d o ne by t hi s sy st e m m o st e xp e di t i o u sly a nd wi t h t he
mi nimu m o f di sc o mfo rt and a nnoy a nc e f o r the p a t i e nt .

PRE S I D E N T B R I G G s z I t w o uld b e v e ry i nt e re sti ng t o k no w

—

’
if a ny o ne has tr i e d D r J a ck so n s m e th o d H e o bj e c ts to the
. .

pl ate which Op e ns the bi te a nd u se s no pl a te th a t c o v e rs the ,

tee t h . H e d o e s no t Op e n the bi te i n a ny w ay wh e n he j ump s

te e t h o r m o v e s t h e m b a ck a nd cl a im s t o do thi s wi t h o u t a ny
,

t roubl e or i rri ta ti o n .

D R TAF T . T he P a t r i ck sy ste m i s cl a im e d to b e o ne o f t he
-

simpl e st m e t h o d s o f r e gul a t i ng a nd a c a se p r e se nte d i tse lf no t ,

l o ng ago wh e n I i nte nd e d m a ki ng a te st o f i ts m e ri ts T he .

p a ti e nt w e nt o u t o f my h a nd s a nd the o pp ortu ni ty t o do so w a s ,

l ost I f th e re i s a ny ge ntl e m a n h ere w ho ha s m a d e u se o f w ha t

.

se e m s to m e a simpl e a nd m o st e ff e c t iv e m e t h o d o f re gul a t i n
g I ,

sh o uld b e pl e ase d to h a v e h i ni giv e us the re sul t s o f his e x e r i

p
m e nts .

D R G I B LI N
. I n re ply to D r T a f t I w o uld ta te t h a t I h a v e
—
.
,
s

’
u se d D r Pa t ri ck s sy ste m which c o nsi sts o f a n e l astic h a lf ro u nd
.
,
-

go ld wi re i nserte d i nt o p ro j e c ti ng ey e s f ro m b a nd s c e m e nte d o n
,

t he b icu spid o r m o l a r te e th F ro m thi s w i re wi th o th e r sui ta bl e

.
,
1 22 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN T I S T RY .

a pp a ra tu s yo u m ay pull o ut o r pu sh i n a ny of the ante ri o r te e th

, .

I h a v e fou nd g re a t sati sfa cti on wi th i ts u se f o r th ose c a ses O f

m o vi ng si ngl e te e t h T o a y o u ng p ra cti ti o ne r o f d e nti stry
.
,

r e gul a ti ng c a se s c o m e v e ry f re qu e ntly a nd he u su ally a cc e p ts

,

th e m wi t h g re a t e nth usi a m j u st as the y o u ng d o c tor O f m e di

—

ci ne i s apt to m e e t wi t h th ose ch ro nic o r i ncu ra bl e c a se s a v o id e d

or di sc a r d e d by the o ld e r a nd e xp e r i e n ce d p ra ct i t i o ne rs Ju st .

a t p r e se nt I a m di sc o u ra g e d wi t h r e gul a ti ng T he m o st a nnoy .

i ng a nd difficul t c ase s to m e h a v e b ee n the t r e a t m e nt of t he V

sh a p e d ar ch es I fo u nd in m e eti ng case s re cently a f te r th re e
.
,

o r f o u r y e ars a n e l e m e nt o f f a il ur e i n a l m o st a l l
,
I w a s p arti ally .

so l a c e d h o w e v er
,
i n fi ndi ng f a i l u re s i n such c ase s c o mi ng f ro m
,

o th er h a nd s Old e r t h a n mi ne .

I b e li e v e th a t the h e al th and te mp era m ent O f the child re n a re

f re qu e ntly i nj u r i o u sly a ff e c te d by the t oo c o nsta nt attemp t to
re gul a t e T he a pp a r a t u s w o r n i nt e r f ere s wi th the p ro p e r m a st i
.

c a ti on O f t h e i r f oo d t hi s e vil l a sti ng so m e t im e s f o r m o nth s

—
.

I t c e r ta i nly m a k e s th e m l e ss i ncli ne d to e a t th an if t h e re w e re
nothi ng w o rn i n t he m o u th T he d e f e ctiv e nu tr i ti o n c a u ses l e ss
.

ca p a ci ty f or st udy or o th e r w o rk H e nc e I thi nk th at r e gul a t

~
.
,

i ng sh o uld b e a cc o mpli sh e d wi t h g re a t c a re a nd c o nsid e r a t i o n .

I wo uld e arne stly re ccom m e nd the coffi n spli t pl a te I a l so b e .

li e v e th at e x tra cti on i s to o se ld o m a dv o c ate d f o r c ro w e d ar ch e s .

I h a v e in mi nd one p articul ar c a se a y o u ng publi c spe a ke r —

,

w ho ha d a pro t r ud e d upp e r lip f ro m a c r o w e d upp e r a r ch I .

se nt him f o r a dvic e to tw o o f o ur e ld e r b ro th e r s Th e y a dvi se d .

m e to l e a v e him as he w as T he p a t i e nt w as no t sat i sfi e d so I
.
,

e xtr a c te d t he u pp e r l at e ra l s T he cu spid s h a v e c o m e d o w n a nd
.

t he g e nt l e m a n no w l o o k s p re se nta bl e .

D R PO TT E R
. I w o uld lik e to a sk t he m e mb e rs of the S o ci e ty
-

w eath e r th ey c onside r th at a ny h ar m i s d o ne to te e th in c e m e nti ng

o n th e se c a p s ; t h a t i s wh e th er t he strong a cid i s i nj u r i o u s t o the
,

e na m e l ? I h a ve c onsidere d th a t questi on my se lf, a nd w ould like

the Opi ni on o f so me of the m e mb e rs .

D R G ILLE TT E
. I t w o uld no t b e p o ssibl e to use much e xc e ss
—

O f a cid a nd h a v e t he c e m e nt str o ng e no ugh T he a cid c e a se s to .

e xi st a s a cid i n a v ery sh o r t t im e
, ,
.

D R MERIA M
. I h a ve d one i t a nd t hre e y e ars a f te r h a v e not
,

b e e n a bl e to se e th at the te e t h w e re harm e d .
 SO C I E T I E S . 1 23

D R . G I B LIN
Sp e a ki ng o f D r
—
.
’
J a ck so n s
o bj e c t i o n to a j a ck e t

pl ate m a k e s m e re c a ll his chi e f Obj e c ti o n to t h e m ; th a t t h e y

,

a l te r t he o cclu si o n o f t he o t he r te e th Th o se c o v e re d wi th the
.

j a ck e t pl a te w o uld r e m a i n i n p o si ti o n a nd the o th e r te e th not , ,

h avi ng a ny p re ssu re O I I th e m w o uld e l o nga te a nd p e r mi t the

,

m e mb ra ne s to g ro w th ick e r I thi nk D r C oo k e s m e th o d w o uld

.
’
.

a rgu e so m ewh a t a g a i nst i t .

D R CLAP P
. I w o uld lik e to say a w o rd o r t w o in re l a t i o n
—

to the m a nipul a ti o n o f pi a no wi re I d o n t k no w wh eth e r i t is

’ .

ge nerally k no w n or no t th a t i t c an b e sold e r e d in a lm o st a ny
sh a p e with o u t i nt e r f e r i ng wi th the t e mp er T w o pi e c e s ca n b e .

firmly u ni te d by w ra ppi ng wi th a f e w tu rns of fi ne bi ndi ng wi re ,

o v e r which so f t so ld e r i s fl o w e d wi t h a s lit tl e h e a t a s p o ssibl e .

I t i s b e st t o use mu ri a te o f z inc t o m a k e the so ld e r flo w e a sily .

I I I t hi s w ay y o u ca n m a k e a lm o st a n i nnum e ra bl e v ar i e ty o f
sh a p e s Y o u ca n so ld e r o n a ny sor t o f a sh a p e o f co pp e r or a ny
.
,

m e ta l th at r ubb e r will vulc a niz e a ro u nd R ubb e r will no t vul .

c ani z e ar o u nd ste e l u nl e ss i t i s t i nne d o r c o v e r e d i n so m e w a y a nd ,

i t i s a v e ry e a sy m a tte r to ti n it T he m e t h o d which D r J a ck so n
. .

a dv o c a te s f or p re v e nt i ng t he C l asp s f ro m slippi ng o ff t he t e e t h i s

to c e m e nt o n thi n b a nd s of pl a t i num wi th a fi ne wi r e so ld e re d ,

on so a s to m a k e a sligh t ro m i na nce f or the wi re t o r e st a g a i nst

, p ,

b ut o v e r which i t will no t e a sily slip .

D R ME R IA M
. Th e re i s a ki nd of sold e r th a t co m e s in bu nd
—

l e s lik e w i re a nd i s e a sy to use b e ca u se y o u d o no t ne e d to c ut
, ,

i t f ro m t he b a r I t m e l ts a t a v e ry l o w t e mp e ra tu re
. I sh o uld .

g e t i t f ro m my w a t chm a k e r if the d e po ts do no t k e e p i t “
.

D R COOKE
. I h a v e ne v e r ha d a ny difficulty i n vul c a nizi ng
—

one o f th e se c o ffi n sp ri ng s wi th o u t t i nni ng t h e m I ti nne d th e m .

a t fi rst th e n I o t o u t o f the h a bi t o f i t a nd h a v e s i nc e p o u nd e d
, g ,

the e nd s v e ry t hi n a nd vulca niz e d wi th o u t a n tin up o n t he

, y
wi re I t tak es b u t a v e ry sligh t sc ra t ch to c a u se the pi a no wi re
.

to b re a k .

D R CLA PP
. I ne v e r h a v e se e n r ub be r vulc a niz e d a ro u nd
—

ste el a nd do no t t hi nk it will
, ; o f c o u rse i t will b e h e ld i n pl a c e ,

if the wi re is i rre gul a r e no ugh a nd the r ubb e r is no t vulc a niz e d

in cl o se c o nta ct with i t .

PRE S I D EN T B R IGG S I thi nk the p o i nt ha s b e e n p re tty w e ll

1 24 TH E AR C H I VE S OF DEN T I S T RY .

b ro ught o u t t ha t t h e re i s g re a t ne c e ssi ty f o r t he re te nt i o n o f t he
t e e t h a f te r r e gul a t i ng
, by m e ch a nic a l a ppli a nc e s a nd I o nly
, ,
’
w a nt to e mph asiz e t h a t o the r p o i nt t h a t o f na tu re s re te nt i o n —

a f te r
y o u
ge t t hro ug h I n f a ilu re s I fi nd i n the m a j o r i ty o f
.
,

c a se s t h a t na tu re s l a ws h a v e no t b e e n c o nsul te d a nd t he t e e th
'

h a v e no t b e e n put in a sta te o f sta bl e e quilib rium b ut the a r ch

.

i s sp r u ng o u t o f li ne o r t he cu sp s o f t he upp e r t ee t h r id e

O II t he cu sp s o f t he l o w e r t e e th i nst e a d o f i nt e rl o cki ng a s na t ure

, ,

i nte nd e d A nd na tu re i n t im e i s g o i ng t o shif t th e m a b o u t
.
,

a i mi ng t o e t t h e m i nt e r l o ck e d a nd t hi s b r i ng s a b o u t a ne w
g ,

d e f or mi ty .

PRE S EN T A T ION OF S P E I M EN
C S
- .

D R M E RIA M : I ha v e b e e n g ivi ng i nstruc ti o ns to a n i nst ru

.
-

m e nt m a k e r o n mi rror s H e go t my di re c t i o ns a li ttl e mi x e d
-

.
,

a nd hi s w o r km e n o t t h e m a li ttl e m o r e s o A t fi r st I a dvi se d
g .
,

him to se nd th e m b a ck b u t t hi nk the y c a n b e u se d by p a t i e nts

,

i n l o o ki ng a t filli ng s O ne o f t he di re c t i o ns I g a v e him w as t o
.
,

h a v e t he b a r r un t o t he middl e so a s to stiff e n the b a ck T he ,

.

mi r ro r i s c a ll e d the Jumb o by st ud e nts Th e y a r e I thi nk

“
,
.
, ,

t he b e st I h a v e e v e r se e n a nd wh e n I t e ll y o u t h a t t he p r ic e O f
,

t he m a g nifi e r i s o ne d o ll a r e a ch y o u will b e su r p ri se d a t t he ,

w o rkm anship i n t h e m I supp o se the ne x t l ot w ill c o m e cur v e d

. .

I f o rd e re d by the d o z e n th ey can be ha d a s l o w a s e igh ty se v e n

,
-

c e nts e a c h I give t he na m e o f the m ak e r I pre sum e th at i t

. .

i s p ro p e r if I ha v e no fi na nci a l i nt e r e st i n t he m a t te r : M r
,
.

G o ld thwa i t NO 1 86 Wa shi ngto n S tre e t B o ston A nd I will

,
.
,
.

s ay t ha t w e h a v e o nly t o giv e t he i nstr um e nt m a k e r s assu ra nc e

t h a t w e will t a k e a c e r ta i n numb er o f a ny t hi ng and th ey will ,

m a k e t he m I buy my sm all mi rror s by the d o z o n a s I lik e to

.
,

ha v e a g o o d m any b e f o r e m e b e nt a t diff e r e nt a ngl e s We ,

.

sha ll h a v e t O b e a li t tl e p a t i e nt wi t h t h e se ne w m a k e r s Ke ep .

t o g e t he r a nd giv e club or d e r s a nd w e sh a ll ge t ne w t hi ng s i n a ,
—

di re c t a nd e a sy w ay .

D R G ILLE TT E
. I h a v e h e r e a c ar d o f sa mpl e s o f sp o on e xc a v a
-

to rs . T he y a r e m o dific a ti o ns O f the C o o lidg e E xc a v a tors “

.
”

T he p o i nt a b o u t t h e m which I v a lu e m o st i s the t hi nne ss o f t he ,

bl a d e A f e w O f the sh a p e s a re ne w a nd a re e xc el l e nt f o r
.
,

re a chi ng d e e p c a vi t i e s .
 SO C I E T I E S . 1 25

D R . M E R IA M w o rd o n t hi s s ubj e c t b e f o re I se e
—
I w ill sa y a

D r G il l et te ne w f o r m s
. R e g a rdi ng t he thi nne ss o f the bl a d e s
.
,

[ use a l a rg e wh e ts to ne which i s m a d e by the N o rto n E m e ry ,

Vt o l o r I V a l tha m C o mp a ny Th ey are e i th e r c o ru ndum o r

'
.
, ,

e m e ry mix e d wi t h w a te r gl a ss a nd b a k e d A f e w stro k e s o nly .

a re ne e d e d t o r u b d o w n a n i nstr um e n t T he fi rst sp o o ns I ha d .

m a d e I no w c o nsid e r clum sy I h a v e r ubb e d the m do w n w o r k .

,
!

‘
ing 0 11 t he b a ck m a ki ng the m th i n ,
.

D R G ILLE TT E : I a m c o nst a ntly d o i ng t h a t e v e n w i th t he se

.
,

thi n bl a d e s .

I wi sh to p re se nt thi s sp e cim e n which c o m e s f ro m the h and s ,

o f D r R o bi nso n o f N e w po r t
. I t i s t he r igh t sup e r i o r d e c idu
,
.
,

o us ,
l ate ra l a nd c e ntra l a nd a sup e rnu m e r ry to o th t he ,
a
,

c ro w ns a nd ro o ts so f a r a s t h e y stil l re m a i n b e i ng f use d to ge th e r
, ,

i nto a si ngl e te e th I a l so wi sh t o c a ll to y o u r a tte nti o n o ne o f

.

the O l d id e a s wh ich se e m s to b e ne gl e c te d
,
Th e se ta lc o r so a p .

sto ne p o i nt s i n a n o r di nary c ray o n h o ld e r a s a h a ndl e I fi nd

,

ve ry u se ful a s a m e ans of a pplyi ng h e a t to h a ste n the se tti ng o f ‘

c e m e nts i n c ro w n w o rk a nd w h e ne v e r c e m e nt i s u se d a l so a s a n
, ,

a id i n di a g no si ng dyi ng pulp s e tc T he m a ss o f so a p st o ne ,
.

wh e n h e a te d t o a p ro p e r te mp e ra tu re re ta i ns t he he a t much , _

b e tte r th a n ste e l i nstrum e nts T he p o i nts a re re a dily sh a p e d to .

a n d e si re d f o r m a nd siz e wi th a vulc a ni t e fi l e a nd sa ndp a p e r

y .

Thi s id ea w a s b ro ugh t o ut m any y e a rs a go a nd so ld a s a se c re t ,

m e th o d o f m a ki ng c e m e nt filli ng s i nsolubl e ; th o se w ho p ur
ch ase d the se c re t p ay i ng tw e nty o r t w e nty fi v e d o ll a rs f o r it -

D R P E R R I N z I h a v e a cu ri o si ty to p rese nt i n the sh a pe o f
’
—
.

t wo w e ll d e v e l o p e d l a te ra l i nci so rs b o t h sup e r nu m e ra ry te e t h , .

b u t b o th fully d e v e l o p e d I t i s so m e wh a t u nu su a l to h a v e a
.

c a se o f thi s ki nd b ut wh a t m a d e i t m O I e striki ng w a s t he f a c t
, ,

th a t b o th p a ti e nts w e re i n my o ffi c e 0 11 t he sa m e d ay I to ld t he .

fi rst p a ti e nt t h a t I w o uld p ro b a bly ne v e r se e a c a se lik e it a g a i n

in my lif e T he ne x t p a ti e nt ha d t he sa m e i rre g ul a ri ty
. .

D R MERIA M. M r P re s id e nt a s the ch a i rm a n o f t he e xe c u
—
.
,

tiv e c o mmi tte e I wi sh to p re se nt to thi s S o ci e ty a c o rdi a l i nvi ta

,

ti o n to b e p re se nt a t t he ne x t m e e ti ng o f the M a ssa chu s e t ts

D e nta l S o ci e ty to b e h e l d a t the h a ll o f the Yo uug M e n
, s

Ch ri sti a n A sso ci a ti o n Bo yl s to n S tI cc t c O I I I e r o f B e I kl e y o n
, , . .
 1 26 TH E A R C HIVE S OF DEN TI S T RY .

D e c e mbe r 1 2 th a nd 1 3 th I h a v e he re a p ro o f O f the p ro gr a mm e .
,

a nd t h o ugh t I w o uld h a v e t h e m f o r t o nigh t b u t t h e y are no t -

q ui t e re a dy O n e ne w d ea l e r i s t o b e t h e re f ro m Phil a d e lphi a
.
,

a nd t h e re a re to b e so m e ne w c a bi ne t s f ro m the W e s t a nd the

Pa i ne F u rni tu re C o mp any a re to S h o w som e d enta l c a bi ne ts a nd

m e dici ne c a se s T he Byr ne s m all e t i s to b e e xh ibi te d a l so the
.

I ndep endent Jonr na Z f or which D r A nd re w s i s to t a k e su b ,

.

T he R e v D r A l e x a nd e r M cK e nz i e o f H a rv ar d
p

s c r ipt io ns . . .
,

U niv e rsi ty i s to giv e the a nnu a l a dd re ss W e S h a ll try to i nvi te

,
.

t he m e dic a l p ra c t i t io ne r s o f B o st o n a nd a l so the cl e r gy so th a t , ,

w e m ay giv e th e di sti ngui sh e d g e nt l e m a n a g o o d a udi e nc e .

T HE ST LOUI S D EN T AL S O CIE T Y . .

A reg ula r m e e ti ng of t hi s S o ci ety w as h e ld Tu e sd ay Fe b 4 th ,

.

a t ro o m 2 2 L i nd e l l H o te l
,
wi th D r A J P re sser in the ch a i r ,
. . .
,

.D r D e C o ur c e y L i nd sl e y se c re t a ry
.
,
.

D r H e nry F i sh e r m a d e his re p or t f or 1 889 a s t re a su re r S h o w

.
,

i ng the fi na nc e s o f t hi s S o ci e ty t o b e i n a h e a l t hy c o nditi o n .

T he re c or di ng se c re tary re p or te d six ne w m e mb e rs t w e nty ,

m e e t i ng s a nd six te e n p ap e rs re a d duri ng the y ear 1 889

,
.

D r T W P r i tch e tt Whi te H a ll I ll p re sid e nt O f t he I lli no i s

. . .
, ,
.
,

S ta te D e nta l S o ci e ty w as p r e se nt a nd the S o ci e ty e l e cte d him a

, ,

c o rr e sp o ndi ng m e mb e r .

D r G e o A M cM i l l e n A l to n I ll w a s a l so e l e c ted a c o rr e s
. . .
, ,
.
,

p ondi ng m e mb e r .

D rs J B N e wby W N C o nra d a nd J o h n G H ar p e r C o m
. . .
,
. . .
,

m i tte e o n P rog ra mm e re p o r te d the p r o gr a mm e f o r 1 890 ,

c o mpl e te .

PR O G R A MME OF S T LOUI S D E N TAL S O C IE T Y FOR 1 890 . .

J anu ary 7th A nnu a l m e e ti ng ; e l e ct i on o f offi c e rs

.
—
.

Fe b r uary 4 th I nsta lla ti on of o ffi ce rs ; a dd re sse s by the ne wly

.
—

e l e c t e d a nd re t i r i ng p r e sid e nt s .

Fe br uary 1 8th D r H H K e i th I ncide nts i n Pra ctic e

.
—
. . .
,
“
.

M a r ch 4 th D r Wm N M orri so n N o v e l t i e s
.
—
.
”
. .
,
“
.

M ar ch 1 8th D r Wm H E a m e s M orph ol o gy of the D e n

—
. . .
,
“

t a l Ti ssu e s .

A pril 1 st D r J Wa rre n Wick Bl ea chi ng Teeth

.
—
. . ,
“
.

Apr il 1 5th D r G e o A M cM il l e n D enta l M oto rs

.
—
. . .
,
“
.
 SO C IE T IE S . 1 27

May mr
M C M c N a m a ra —
P re se rv a ti o n o f N a tu ral
D r . . .
,
“

Te e th by his o w n M e th o d
,
.
”

M ay 2t)th D r Wm C o nra d Re m o vi ng B ro k e n I nstru

.
— . .
,
“

m e nts f ro m R o o t C anal s .

Ju ne 3d D r D e C our cey L i nd sl e y
.
—
S o f t Fo il .
,
“
.

Ju ne l 7th D r A H F ull e r P ro f e ssi o na l E t hic s

’
.
—
. . .
,
“
.

July 1 st D r G e o R ob i to y C o nto u r F illi ng s

.
—
. .
,
“

S e p te mb e r 1 6th D r E S U lm a n N e u ralgi a .
—
. . .
,
“
.

S e p te mb e r 30th D r J o h n J R Pa trick F o lli e s i n D e n .

—
. . .
,
“

ti stry .

O ct b 2 l t D H n y F i h
o er s —
r . e r s e r,
“
P ra c tic a l D e nt i stry .

N v mb 4 th D J h n G H p
o e er .
—~
r . o . ar er Po rc e l ai n and P o rce
,
“
,

l in F c d C wn
a a e ro s
.

N v mb 1 8th D J B N w by
o e er .
—
r . . . e ,
“
D e nti stry ; Pa st P re s,

nt nd F u t u
”
e a re .

D c mb 2d D A J P
e e er .
—
r . . . r e sse r ,
“
D e nta l Ed c i
u at on .

D c mb l 6th A nnu l Di nn
e e er .
—
a er .

M e mb e rs to o pe n the di scu ssi o n will b e se l e c te d by the

e ssayi st s .

D rs J B N e wby a nd H H K e i t h e sc o r te d t he ne w p re si
. . . . .

d e nt D r J o h n G H a rp e r t o the ch a i r T he re ti ri ng p re sid e nt
,
. .
,
.
,

D r A J P re sse r m a d e a f e w a pp ro p r i a t e re m ark s
.
. .
,
.

Presid e nt H a rp e r th e n d e liv e re d his a dd re ss .

P RE I DEN T S
’
S A DD RE S S .

G entl emen: c o nf o rmi ty to a g e ne ra l rul e i t i s my fi rst

—
In ,

du ty t o d e live r a n a dd re ss h o w e v e r b e fo re d o i ng so I wi sh t o , ,

th a nk y o u f o r h o no ri ng f o r the se c o nd t im e y o u r humbl e , ,

ser v a nt .

I h op e wi th y o u r a id to so c ond uct the p ro c e e di ngs o f thi s

, ,

S o ci e ty th a t y o u will ne v e r re g re t h a vi ng e l e c te d m e y o u r
,

p re sid e nt .

I sh all not he re y o u by d eliv e ri ng a n add re ss up on the b e ne fi ts

o f a sso ci a t i o ns By y o u r c o nduct yo u sh o w y o u r a pp r e ci ati o n o f
.

o ur d e n ta l so ci e ti e s ; y o u a re a l l m e mb e rs o f thi s a nd ne a r ly a l l , ,

o f o ur S ta te a sso ci a t i o n a nd t a k e a n a c t iv e p a r t in t he m e e ti ng s ,

o f b o th b e sid e s a tte ndi ng S i ste r so ci e t i e s S t L o ui s d e nti st s

, . .

c a nno t b e sco re d f o r no t d o i ng t h e i r du ty in thi s di re c ti o n .

 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN T I S T RY .

As p re sid e nt o f thi s S o ci e ty i t i s m y du ty t o giv e yo u my, .

id e a s re g ardi ng the c o nduc t of the a ff a i rs o f thi s b o dy du ri ng t he

c o mi ng y e a r I sha l l d e e m i t my du ty t o se e th a t e a ch o ffi ce I
.

d o e s his w o rk a nd th a t m e mb e rs p erfo rm t he t a sk s a ssum e d o r

,

a ll o tte d to the m .

Th e re i s o ne Obl ig a ti o n th a t a l l m e mb e rs sh o uld ch e e rfully

‘

di scha rge a nd th a t i s t o a tte nd e a ch m e e ti ng u nl e ss p re v e nte d

, ,

by a b se nc e f ro m t he ci ty o r sick ne ss A p re vi o u s e ngag e m e nt
, .

i s no t suffici e nt e xcu se a s t he m e e ti ng s o f thi s S o ci e ty a nt e d a te

,
-

a ny e ng a g e m e nt y o u m ay h a v e We ll a tte nd e d m e e ti ngs a re
.

su r e t o b e a succ e ss a l l e l se will f o ll o w a s a na tu ra l e ff e c t .

H o w sha ll w e imp ro v e c a e lI shi ni ng h o u r w hi l e h e re a sse mbl e d ?

T he fi rst t hi ng t o b e d e cid e d i s t he f re qu e ncy o f o u r m e e t
i ng s I k no w o f no d e nta l so ci e ty e xc e p t stud e nts so ci e ti e s
.
’
, ,

t h a t a t t e mp t t o h o ld m o re t h a n o ne m e e t i ng a m o nth b u t w e ,

h a v e f o r so m e y e a r s succ e e d e d in ho ldi ng i nte re sti ng a nd pro fi ta

b l e m e e t i ng s t wic e a m o nth b e sid e s i t i s ne c e ssa ry i n o rd e r t o
, , ,

giv e o ur m e mb e rs a ch a nc e to re a d p a p e rs a nnu a lly I t will .

b e ne fi t t he S o ci e ty m or e to h a v e t w o g o o d m e e ti ngs a mo nth th an
o ne p o o r o ne m a d e so by the l e ng th o f tim e b e t w e e n m e e ti ng s
, .

T he pl a c e of m e e t i ng i s a qu e st i o n th a t sh o uld b e se tt l e d .

T he one pl a c e o f m e e t i ng ha s my supp o rt Wh e nw e m e e t a t .

m a ny pl a c e s du ri ng the y e a r the ne x t pl a c e mu st b e d e cid e d at

,

e a ch m e e t i ng P o ssibly wh e n t he t im e a rriv e s the m e mb er

.
, ,

w ho sh o uld e nte r ta i n t he S o ci e ty mig ht b e f o u nd i n b e d o r o ut

o f the ci ty no t h a vi ng re c e iv e d a no tic e
,
o r mi su nd e rst o o d t he ,

d a te a nd the S o ci e ty i s l e f t i n the c o ld the p a rl ors not ha v m g

, ,

b e e n h e a te d .

T hi s S o ci e ty ha s b e e n hidi ng i ts ligh t u nd e r a bu sh e l O f l a te .

W e sh o uld gi v e the p ro f e ssi on t h a t p a rt of o u r p ro c e e di ng s

which m ay b e o f b e ne fi t .

W e h a v e a Public a ti o n C o mmi tt e e I h a v e b e e n on t h a t
c o mmi tte e f o r a num be r o f y e ars b ut w a s ne v e r c all e d up o n to ,

p e r fo r m a ny du ti e s .

All p a p e rs r e ad b efore the S o ci e ty sh ould b e tu rne d o v er to

t he se c re ta ry a nd by him r e f e rr e d t o thi s c o mmi tte e w ho sh o uld
, ,

publi sh th a t w hi ch w o uld b e ne fi t the p ro fe ssi on a nd r e fl e ct c re di t

o n t he S o ci e ty T he c o mmi tte e sh o uld a l so p r o vid e m e a ns b y
.

whic h the di scu ssi o ns m ay b e re p o rte d a nd publi sh e d .

 SO C I E T I E S . 1 29

G l m a n:
e nt e h a v e e no ugh w o rk f o r thi s e v e ni ng l e t u s do it ,
.

D r W N M o rri so n p re se nte d a b a ll b e a r i ng e ngi ne th a t he

. . . .
-

ha d m a d e a nd sa id t h o ugh o r igi na l w i t h him hi s a t te nt i o n w a s

, ,

c all e d to a n a dv e r ti se m e nt w hich sh o w e d t h a t i t ha s b e e n in use

in E ngl a nd f o r ne a rly a y e a r .

T he a dv a nta g e s o f t he b a ll b e a r i ng i s t he ra pidi ty o f m o t i o n -

a nd the t h o r o ugh c o nt ro l y o u h a v e o v e r t he d r ivi ng w h e e l which ,

c an b e s to pp e d i nsta ntly Th e re i s a spi ra l sp ri ng i n the up righ t

.

w hich k e e p s the b a nd c o nsta ntly t igh t Th e re a re still s e v e ra l .

imp ro v e m e nts wh ich he i nte nd s to m a k e T he h and pi e c e i s t o .

-

be m a d e of a lumi num a b o u t the siz e a nd w e igh t o f a n o r di na ry

,

w o o de n p e nh o ld e r so a s to b e th o ro ughly u nd e r the c o ntro l o f

,

the fi ng e rs .

H e a l so di str ibu te d so f t r ubb e r di sk s vulc a niz e d 0 11 the h e a d s ,

o f F re nch wi re fi ni shi ng na il s which a re j u st t he siz e O f a n e n

gi ne m a nd re l .

D r F i sh e r m o v e d t h a t the m e e ti ng s o f t he S o ci e t y b e he ld a t
. .

t he o ffic e s o f the m e mb e r s C a rr i e d . .

T he S o ci e ty th e n a dj o u rne d t o m e e t a t the re sid e nc e o f D r H . .

H K e i th 2 732 W ashi ngton A v e nu e Tu e sd ay Fe brua r v 1 8th

.
, , ,
.

Subj e c t I ncid e nts in P ra c tic e

“
.
”

DECOURC EY L IN D S LEY R ec S e y
’
,
. e .

D I SC U SS I ON
FAU C E TS P A P ER OF DR .

B E N EFI C IAL RE S ULTS O F D ELAY I N D EN T AL

O PERATION S .
*

D S T O K T ON M P id nt I m v y much pl
R . C —
r . re s e : a er e a se d
wi th the p ap e r a nd a m v e ry th a nkful to t he d o c to r f o r his p re s
,

e nc e h e re to nigh t Phil a d e lphi a ha s a l w ay s b e e n k no w n a s a

-

c o nse rva tiv e ci ty a nd I do no t w o nd e r th a t a g e ntl e m a n h a ili ng

,

f ro m th a t ci ty a dvi se s d e l ay Th e re a re u nd o ub te dl y m a ny .
, .

d e nta l o p e ra ti o ns b e ne fi tt by d e l a y T he sta te m e nt o f the .

pa pe r t h at a l l p e rm a ne nt o p e ra t i o ns e s pe ci a lly g o ld filli ngs , .

sh o uld b e d e l a y e d u ntil t he te e th a re fully d e v e l o p e d sh uld ,

o

re c e iv e o u r h e ar ty a pp ro v a l a nd p ra c tic e .

*
R e ad b e f o re th e C e nt ra l D e nt a l c
S o i e ty of N e w J e r se y .

A R CH I V ES ,
V ol . VII , p age 1 2 .
 1 30 TH E AR C H I V E S OF DEN T I S T RY .

I II g a rd to i rre gul a ri t i e s w e al l k no w ho w w o nd e rful a re the

re ,

r e s ul ts o f d e l a y T he j a w ha s e xp a nd e d a nd na t u r e ha s d o ne
.
,

he r w o r k m ayb e b e tt e r t h a n w e c o uld h a v e d o ne i t
, N O o ne .

qu e sti o ns the so u nd ad vic e i n re g a r d to d e l ay i n ro o t filli ng .

Th e re c a n b e no h ar m d o ne by d e l a y h e re a nd a g re a t d e a l o f ,

s u ff e r i ng m ay be ha d by t o o g re a t h a ste .

I I I re g a r d to t he l a st p o i nt r a i se d by t he d o c to r r e f e rr i ng t o ,

t he d a ng e r o f d e l a y i n c o ll e c t i ng y o u r bill s t h e r e a r e t w o S id e s , ,

a nd cu st o m has d o ne m uch t o d e t e r mi ne the p r a c ti c e b ut a s a ,

r ul e
. w o rk p a id f o r i s m ore sa ti sfa c tory to the p a t i e nt a nd d e l a y
, ,

i n c o ll e c t i ng bil l s i s o f no b e ne fi t t o t he Op e r a to r .

D R N W K ING S LEY . . . I t ha s b e e n a n a x i o m wi th m e th a t
—

o ne o f t he m o st difficul t p r o bl e m s t o so lv e i s no t wh e n t o a c t b u t ,

wh e n no t t o a ct no t wh e n to d o i t b u t w he n no t t o do i t I t ,
.

se e m s e a sy f or the y o u ng s tud e nt t o d e cid e w he n t o d o i t he ca n

l o o k i nto the m o u th a nd se e t h e re i s a g re a t d e a l the re t o do
he has l e ar ne d j u st e no ug h f or t h a t b u t he has no t l e a r ne d wh e n ,

t o l e t t hi ng s a l o ne a nd no t do i t T he d o c t o r ci te d i n hi s p a p e r
,
.

v ar i o u s illu str a ti o ns a nd t h e y a re al l p e r t i ne n
,
t t o t he su b
j e ct H e r e f e r s t o the tre a t m e nt o f i rre gul a r i ti e s cu tt i ng
.
,

o u t o f fi ssu r e s t he a d a p t a ti o n o f a r tifici a l d e nt u r e s a nd t he
, ,

i nt ro duc t i o n o f a r tifici a l v e l a I I I re g ar d to cu tt i ng o u t o f fi s
.

su r e s the re c o m e s t o my mi nd a n i nst a nc e t ha t o ccu r re d i n my

,

p ra ct ic e T he p at i ent i s livi ng to day a nd i s o v e r fif ty y e a rs o f

.
—
,

H e w as no t m o r e t ha n si x te e n o r e igh t e e n y e a rs w he n he
g
a e .

c a m e i nto my h a nd s H e vi si te d my o ffic e wi t h his fa th e r w ho

.
,

w as p a r t icul ar ly a nx i o u s a b o u t hi s child s t e e t h
’
T he f a th e r sa w .

’
a li t tl e bl a c k stre a k i n a fi ssu re i n o ne o f t he b oy s m o l a r te e t h ,

a nd he w a s v e ry s u re i t w a s d e c a y a nd w a nt e d i t fill e d i m m e di ,

a te ly I e x a m i ne d i t t h o ro ughly and sa id I did not thi nk it

.
,

ne e d e d i t B u t it i s bl a ck
.
“
he sa id
,
I t is d e cay e d I am
,
”
,
“
,

s u re I had co nsid era bl e difficul ty i n p er su a di ng him to l et it

.
”

a l o ne t e lli ng hi m I w o uld w a t ch i t
,
a nd fill i t wh e n I f o u nd i t ,

ne c essa ry I ha v e w at ch e d it f o r m o re th a n thi rty y ears a nd

.
,

t h at fi ssu r e r e m a i ns the sa m e a s i t w as a t th a t t im e .

I t w o u l d h a v e b e e n a sa f e w a g e r t h a t ni ne o u t o f t e n y o u ng
c o ll e g e g ra du a t e s w o uld h a v e c u t o u t t ha t fi ssu re a nd pu t i n ,

so m e m e t a l filli ng a nd I qu e st i o n wh e th e r t he m e ta l w o ul d hav e
'

st ay e d i n a s l o ng as the bl a ck m a r k has .
 SOC IE T IE S . 13 1

\Vi th re ga rd i rre gul a ri ti e s I r e ca l l a n i ncid e nt th a t o ccu rre d

to ,

w he n I w a s a te a ch e r i n a Su nd ay sch o o l M a ny y e a rs a go o ne
-
.
,

o f t he Su nd ay s ch o o l c hild re n w a s b ro ugh t t o my a tte nt i o n a

-

li ttl e l a d O f a b o u t se v e n y e a rs o f a ge wh o se l o w e r i nci so r te e th ,

w e re c o mi ng i n i rre gul a rly w hich i s no t a n u nc o mm o n t hi ng H is

,
.

m o th e r w as v e ry a nx i o u s a b o u t i t a nd w a nte d m e to se p a ra t e
,

the t e e th .I to ld he r I did not thi nk it w a s ne c e ssary th at in ,

my o pi ni o n if the te e th w e r e l e t a l o ne th ey w o uld b e ne a rly o r

, ,

qui te stra igh t by the t im e the y w e re fully d e v e l o p e d a nd t h a t I ,

w ould se e the child e v e ry Su nd ay a nd w o uld w a t ch the c a se , ,

a nd if t he t e e t h ne e d e d a ny sp e ci a l c a re I w o uld giv e i t I n ,
.

th re e w e e k s f ro m t ha t t im e I sa w t he b o y wi t h a r e gul a t i ng
fix tu re i n his m o nth H e ha d b e e n t o so m e oth e r d e nti st T he
. .

te e th b e c a m e r e gul a r i n t im e b ut I do no t thi nk the a ppli a nc e

ha d a ny thi ng t o d o wi t h i t A nd my e x p e r i e nc e i s t h a t i n a
.
,

v e ry l arg e pe r c e nt of c a se s if t h ey d o ne e d h e lp i t i s a t a l a te r
.
, ,

a e th a n t h a t
g .

Th e re w a s re f e re nc e m a d e to the m a ki ng of a rtifici a l pl ate s ,

a nd the fi t ti ng O f e a ch p a r t se p a r a t e ly I h a v e p ra c tic e d th at al l .

my p ro fe ssi o nal lif e I d o ub t wh e t h e r i n o ne c a se i n 500 wh e re

.

I h a ve a d a p te d a pl ate wi th C l a sp s I h a v e a t te mp te d to do it by ,

the m o d e l I do no t t hi nk i t ca n b e fi tte d accu ra te ly by the

.

m od e l A l th o ugh the pl a te a nd C l asp s m ay b e p e rf e c tly fi tte d to

.

a model ,
th e y will no t b e so wh e n pu t in t he m o u t h I f yo u put .

the pl a te i n se p a ra te ly a nd pu t t he C l asp s i n se p a ra te ly wh e n
, ,

e a ch p art i s i n p o si t i o n t h e y o f te n fi nd a li ttl e diff e re nt pl a c e

,

th a n wh a t t h e y ha d o n the m o d e l so if y o u p u t e a ch pi e c e i n

se p a ra te ly a nd l e t t he p a r ts fi nd t he i r pl a c e s c a sily a nd na tu r
,

a lly t h e n t a k e a li t tl e i mp r e ssi o n s h o wi ng t h e i r r e l a ti o n t o o ne
, ,

a no th e r o u will h a v e wh e n i t i s c o mpl e te d a pl a te t h a t w ill b e

,y , ,
.

nic e ly a dj u ste d a nd will giv e li ttl e t ro ubl e

,
.

Wi th re fe re nc e to a rtifici a l v el a I d o net qui te u nd e rsta nd t he .

,

ki nd o f a ppli a nce the d o cto r re fe rre d to wh e n he S p o k e a b o u t

pu tti ng i t i n a li ttl e w ay s a nd th e n a f te r a w hil e pu tti ng i t in a , ,

li ttl e fu rth e r a nd so OII I t ra th e r sugg e sts t o my mi nd t he

, .

’
cu tti ng o ff o f a d o g s ta il a n i nch a t a tim e to sa v e the t ro ubl e o f ,

cu tti ng it a l l o ff a t o nc e b e c a u se my e xp e ri e nc e is th a t if the ,

a ppli a nc e i s p ro p e rly m a d e it c a n b e a d a p te d t o i ts pl a c e e nti re ly

,
1 32 TH E AR C H I VE S OF DE N T I ST RY .

wh e n c o mpl e te d a nd t h a t i t m ay j u st a s w e l l b e c o mpl e te d a t
,

o nc e a s t o b e p a r tly m a d e a nd t he n c o nt i nu e d a t so m e o t he r ,

t im e . Y e t I h a v e se e n a g re a t m a ny a ppli a nc e s th a t I thi nk
,

p ro b a bly i t w o uld h a v e b e e n b e tte r no t t o h a v e a tte mp te d a t a l l ,

o r a t l e a st th e y sh o uld h a v e b e e n c a rr i e d o u t l e ss r a pi dly t h a n

t h e y w e re .

Th e re i s much i n the p a p er to c o mm e nd a nd so m e t hi ng s th at ,

I a m a ntagoni st ic to a nd you al l k now tha t I ca nnot sp e a k u nl e ss

,
‘

I h a v e so m e thi ng to figh t T he only thi ng I cannot fi nd to figh t .

'

i n t hi s m a tte r i s t he na m e o f t he e ssayi st a nd he ha s b e e n
, ,

Fa ugh t e nough al re a dy .

D R J A O S M UN
. . I w as re mi nd e d a ga i n wh e n li ste ni ng t o
.
—
,

t hi s e xc e l l e nt p a p e r t h a t ti m e s h a v e c ha ng e d, My mi nd r u ns .

b a ck so m e fif te e n y e a rs wh e n pa p e rs di scu sse d e v e ry thi ng v e ry

,

d e cid e dly a nd wh e n if a d e nti st fill e d a ny c avi ti e s i n a ny co n

, ,

di ti o n siz e o r a ge of A m e r ic a n chil de re n wi th a ny thi ng b ut

, , ,

go ld th e re w as a te r ribl e fu rore I a m gl a d the d o ctor co n

,
.

de m ns tha t p ra c t i ce a nd I a m gl a d t o se e tha t the i nj u r i e s

,

r e sul t i ng f ro m pl a ci ng g o ld i n y o u ng te e th i s b e i ng r e c o g niz e d

by the p ro fe ssi o n a t l arge .

Anoth e r po i nt which I wi sh to particul arly e mph a siz e is in

, ,

re f e r e nc e to the r e gul a t i ng O f t e e th Th e re a re tw o thi ngs i n .

re gul a t i o n w hich sh o uld no t b e f o rg o tt e n O ne i s t he high l y .

,

ne r v o u s c o ndi t i o n o f t he p a t i e nt a nd t he sub se qu e nt ill r e sul t s ,

up on t h e m o f the ne r vo u s o ve rstra i n ca u se d by the r e gul ati ng

a ppli a nc e s I h a ve in mi nd the c a se of a y o u ng gi rl w ho a t
.
,

f o u rte e n y e a rs of age w as subj e ct e d t o the m o st c ru e l t ortu re in

,

r e gul a ti ng he r t e e th a t o r tu r e th a t w a s i nflic t e d wi t h the b e st

—

m ot iv e s T he re sul t i s t h a t the w o m a n i s a p e rf e c t w re ck
. .

S he i s no w t w e nty si x y e a r s o f a ge a nd he r c o ndi t i o n i s m o st
-

d e pl ora bl e a nd i s the r e sul t of the h arsh a nd cru e l tre a tm e nt i n

re gul a t i ng he r t e e th A ppli a nc e s w e re pu t o n a nd the tee th
.
‘

w e re m o v e d ra pidly S he w as k e p t wi th o u t p ro p e r fo o d f or I
. .

t h i nk se v e n o r e igh t m o nth s whil e u nd er g o i ng thi s o p e ra t i o n

, ,
.

T he p ro sp e c t no w i s t h a t she will h a v e a w re ck e d lif e u nt il she

go e s o v e r to the o th er sid e T he re g ul a ti ng of tee t h i s a d e si r .

a bl e t hi ng b u t it i s not suffici e ntly imp o rta nt t o w arra nt t he

,

i nj u ri e s t h at so m e t im e s re sul t i n a cc ompli shi ng it .

 SO C I E T IE S . 1 33

A n th o er p o i nt ,
f
d to by D r S to ck to n imm e di a te
a nd re e rre .
,

r o o t filli ng I thi nk tha t p ra ctic e canno t b e to o stro ngly co n

.

d e m ne d Th e re i s no thi ng to b e g a i ne d e xc e p t o ne or tw o vi si ts
.
,

a nd t h e r e i s a g re a t d e a l to b e l o st by i t V e ry Of te n i mm e di a te .
,

r o o t filli ng m e a ns imm e di a te e x tra c t i o n a s S O O I I as y ou se e t he

p a t i e nt a f te r w ard s .

D R L I T T i e z Th e r e i s no thi ng i n t he p a p e r I c a r e p a r ticul ar ly
.
—

t o di spu te I mig h t ta k e so m e li ttl e e xc e p ti o n t o r e ce ivi ng the

.
“

m oney f or w o r k b e f ore i t i s d one I t migh t l e a d to co mplic a .

t i o ns .I ne v e r lik e to re f u nd m oney a nd I a lw ay s w a i t u nt il I ,

fi ni sh a case b e fo re I ta k e the pay I f I ge t t i re d o f a p at i e nt .

b e f o re the w o r k is co mpl e te d I lik e to h av e the p rivil e ge O f ,

s a yi ng
y o u ca n g o so m e wh e r e e l se S o I lik e to w a i t u ntil I ge t .

t h r o ugh .

D R PA R R : I d o no t a g r e e wi t h the re m a rk a b o u t imm e di a t e
.
~ —

r o o t filli ng I do i t i mm e di ately a nd I h a ve go o d re sul ts I do

.
,
.

not t h i nk I h a v e ta k e n o u t a ro ot i n t h r e e Or f o u r y e a r s t h a t I
h a v e fill e d i n th at w ay I h a v e f re qu e ntly e xpl a i ne d the pro .

c e ss a nd ne e d not ne w re p e a t it a s y o u a re d o ub tl e ss fa mili a r
, ,

wi th it .

D R W H AT KIN S ON
. . I w ill j u st say t hi s a m a n mu st b e
.
-
.

m a ste r o f the si tu a ti on A s to h a vi ng fix e d o ffic e r ul e s by .

which to b e go v e rne d I h a v e v e ry li ttl e c o nfid e nc e i n h a vi ng

,

f o u nd th e m T he i nspi ra ti o n a nd ne c e ssi ti e s o f t he m o m e nt
.

guid e m e a lw ay s wh e th e r i t a g re e s wi th p a st c o nc e p ti o ns o r
,

no t. P re se nt p e r c e pt i o n i s the m e a ns o f m e asu re of my du ty
t o 1i p at i e nt s I w a nt lik e D r L ittig to b e i nd e p e nd e nt
.
, .
,

e no ugh t o h a v e t he p r ivil e g e o f say i ng t o a p a t i e nt I t hi nk

yo u ,

will b e b e tte r pl e ase d to e mpl oy so m e o ne e l se Th a t th e re i s .

a n i ncubu s up o n u s i n re g ar d t o the id e a o f t he a m o u nt o f
m o ne y th a t w e a sk f o r o ur Op e ra ti o ns I am to o p a i nfully a w a re ,
.

Th at th ere i s no m an c o mp e te nt to giv e u s a ny thi ng lik e a n

a pp r o xim a t i o n o f a d e c e nt a nd h o ne s t f e e bill I a m fully c o n ,

v i nc e d a nd t h a t i t d e p e nd s u p o n t he i nd ividu a l him se lf a nd the

,

i nt e llig e nc e th a t he f e e l s he is p o sse sse d o f T he f e e bill o f a l l .

,

o t h e r bill s i s a n i ncubu s u p o n u s a nd i t m a rk s t he li ne b e t w e e n
, ,

a p ro f e ssi o n a nd t ink e r do m b e tw e e n a n e xhi bi t i o n o f skill a nd

'

t he se lli ng o f so much g old a nd so l de r and pl a ste r o f p a ri s a nd ,

1 34 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN TI S T RY .

al l t he li ttl e i te m s tha t e nt e r i nto i t I do no t thi nk i t a pro fit .

a bl e u se o f t im e t o di scu ss t hi s qu e sti o n Wh a t w e d e si re is to .

h e lp y o u ng m e n a nd t o h elp th e m w e mu st b e m anly a nd lib e ra l

,

e no ugh to i nvi t e t he m to c o m e to o u r o ffic e s a nd se e wh a t w e do

f or ou r p a t i e nts .

D R W W WALKER sa id I a gr e e wi th the e ssayi st i n to pic s

. . .
,

di scu sse d and b e li e ve t h a t d e l a y i n m any o f the Op e rat i o ns

'

w e a re c a ll e d Up o n t o p e r f or m i s v e ry b e ne fici a l e xc e p t i ng ,

t he d e l a y i n c o ll e c t i ng the f ee Wh e n I do a hu nd re d d oll a rs .

w ort h o f w o r k I w a nt the hu nd re d d o ll ars a nd do no t o bj e c t t o

, ,

r e c e ivi ng i t e v e n b e f o r e t he w o r k i s fi ni sh e d I w ould ra the r .

t a k e the ch a nc e O f re fu ndi ng th a n O f no t g e tt i ng i t a t a l l , We .

w or k h a rd f o r o ur m one y and sh o uld ge t it in full a nd wh e n ,

the w o r k i s d o ne .

D R O T T O L I N G U I z I w a nt to c a ll a tte nt i o n t o j ust o ne p o i nt
.
—

t h at D r F a ugh t b r o ugh t up
. W e ha d a p ap e r o v e r in N e w .

Yor k re c e ntly by a ge nt l e ma n fro m B oston up on the sy ste m O f

, ,

e x ami na t i o ns by t he M a ssa chu se tt s S t a te B o ar d of E x a mi ne rs ,

i n which he stat e d o ne of the qu e st i o ns ask e d stud e nt s w as ,

wh e r e t h e y w o uld pl a c e o xy ph o sph ate fil li ng s a f te r d e sc ribi ng —

,

c e rta i n c a vi ti e s a nd th at so m e o f the st ud e nts sa id the y w o uld

,

p u t t h e m o nly i n c e r vic a l c a vi t i e s d o w n by the gum Th e n he ,

.

w o uld a sk t he m if o xy p hosph at e w o uld w a sh ou t of c a vi t i e s

—
,

why it w as t h a t i t w o uld w a sh o ut a nd the a nsw er w as t h a t i t ,

w o uld b e w a sh e d o u t by t he fluid s o f the m o u th Th e n t he .

e ssayi st r e m a r k e d t h at t he st ud e nt s ha d g ra du a t e d f r o m a d e nt a l

c o ll e ge a nd did not k no w t h a t it w a s t he a cid se cr e t i on fro m the

,

muc o u s fo llicl e s which d e stroy e d the o xy ph o sph ate N o w w e -

.
,

h a v e D r Fa ugh t f ro m the ci ty of c oll e ges te lli ng u s t h at i t is

.
, ,

t he a lk a li ni ty of t he fluid s t h a t d e stro y s o xy ph o sph a te filli ng s -

I simply wa nt to te ll D r Fa ugh t he co uld not p ra c tic e de nti stry.

i n B osto n .

DR . FAUGH T sa id he did not pro p ose t o go to B o ston I .

h a v e nothi ng to a dd to wh a t I h a v e a l re a dy sa id in the p a p er .

I f I were to sp ea k up on a nythi ng b ro ught out in the di scu ssi on ,

i t w o uld b e i n re l at i on t o t he li ttl e m at ter which D r K i ng sl e y .

sa id he did no t qui te u nd erstand the m a nne r o f i nt ro duci ng —

a r tifici a l v e l a I h a v e se e n ca se s O f p ati e nts in a ve ry ne rvo u s

.
 SO C I E T IE S . 1 35

c o ndi t i o n a nd I a m sp e a ki ng p a r ticul a rly o f y o u ng c hild re n

, ,

w h ere the te rr ibl e o p e ra ti o ns w hich t he y ha v e b e e n subj e c te d to

.

by r ud e h a nd s w hich a re supp o se d to b e skill e d ha nd s te rrifi e d

, ,

a nd di sc o u ra g e d t he p a t i e nt a nd t he Op e r a t i o ns f a il e d a nd s u b
,

se qu e ntly I h a v e b e e n succe ssful wi th the sa m e p a tie nts I

,
.

a tta i ne d succ e ss by t he p ro c e ss i ndic a te d i n the p a p e r ; t h e r e

f o re my Ob se rv at i o n a nd e xp e ri e nc e h av e c o nvi nc e d m e t h a t
,

d e l ay w a s b e ne fici a l .

C EN T RAL D EN TAL A SS O C IAT ION OF NE W J ER S EY .

ANNUAL M EE T ING FE B RUARY 20th , ,

1 890 .

T he fo ll o wi ng g e ntl e m e n w e re e l e c te d o ffic e rs f o r t he e ns ui ng
year :
D rA R E
. . b e th P re sid e nt ; D r C I V F H o l
. a to n, E liz a ,
. . . .

b ro o k N w k
e ar
, V i c e P r e sid e nt ; D r S S H a wl e y N e w a r k
,
-

. . .
, ,

S e c re ta ry D r C A M e e k e r N e war k T re a su rer ; D r S C G
. . .
, ,
. . . .

W a tki ns D r B F L uck e y D r C S S to ck to n D r Lym an

,
. . .
,
. . .
,
.

Cl ark D r G e o E A d a m s E x e cu tiv e C o mm i tte e

,
. . .
,
.

S S H A W LEY S ecr eta r y . .

,
.

M I SS OURI ST A T E D EN TAL A SS O C IATION .

I wi sh to ca ll t he a t te nti o n o f the d e nti sts o f Mi sso u r i to the

ne x t m e e ti ng o f the M i sso u r i S ta te D e nta l A sso ci a t i o n which ,

will b e h e ld at Pi r tl e Sp ri ng s July 8th 9th 1 0th a nd 1 1 t h , , , .

T he E x ecu t iv e C o mmi tte e a re a l re a dy a t w or k wi th the i nte n

ti o n of m a ki ng thi s m e e ti ng o ne o f the v e ry b e st i n the hi sto ry
o f the A sso ci a ti o n .

E ve ry d e nti st i n the S ta te mu st fe e l a n i nte re st in the m e e t

ing a nd i t is no t to o e a rly to d e te rm i ne no t o nly to b e p r e se nt
, , ,

b u t to m a k e so m e p re p a ra ti o n which will a dd to the v a lu e o f t he

m ee ti ng . H ENRY FI S HE R P r esident , .

BA R R S L O C AL ’
AN / S E T HE T I C giv e s g e ne ral i f
sa t s a c t o n i i t ha s
no su p e ri o r .
 @ e rre s
p e n e ne e d

C ORRE CTION OF A FALLA CIOU S SYNOPS I S .

ED I T OR A RC HIVE S
D ea r S aw —
I n t he F b r u a ry numb e r o f y o u r j o u rnal th e re i s
e ,

a f all a ci o u s sy nop si s of my l e c t u re d e liv e re d in N e w Y o rk a nd

, ,

I b eg y o u to co rre ct .

T he re p o rte r st a te s
D r T a lb o t o f Chic a g o t he n re a d hi s p a p e r o n F all a ci e s
.
,
,
‘

of S o m e o f the O ld Th e o r i e s o f I rre gul ari t i e s o f the T e e th ,

wi th so m e r e m ar k s o n di a g no si s a nd tre a t m ent H e b e li e v e d .

thumb sucki ng a c a u se o f t he high v a ul t a nd the c o mp r e ssi o n o f

-

the ch e e k s du r i ng the a c t o f t h u mb sucki ng f o r ce d i n the sid e s o f

-

t he a r c h a nd t he sa ddl e S ha p e d a r ch w a s t he r e sul t
,
-

I rre g ul ari t i es a re i nh e r i te d a nd c o nge ni ta l N e ve r e x tra cts a .

cu spid a nd r ar e ly a fi rst m ol a r to c orre c t an i rre gul ar i ty

,
.
”

Wh a t i s qu ote d h e re I sta te d to b e f a ll a ci e s I r e g a rd t humb

,
.

sucki ng ne v e r as t he c a u se o f t he high v a ul t a nd b e li e v e t he ,

sa ddl e sh a p e d a r c h no t t o b e c a u se d by the c o mp r e ssi on o f t he

-

ch e e k s ; str ic tly sp e a ki ng a n i rre gul a r i ty c a nno t b e sa id t o b e

,

i nh e r i t e d th o ugh a te nd e ncy t o t he d e f e c t m ay b e t ra nsmi tte d

,
.

I rre gul ar i ti e s a re not c o nge ni tal I state d that cu spid s and .

fi rst m o l a r s sh ould ra re ly b e e x tra c te d a nd did no t say th e y ,

.

sho uld a lw ay s b e re ta i ne d Re sp e c tfully y o u rs

.
,

E S TALB O T . . .

RAI S ING T HE STAN D AR D OF M E C HANI CAL

D EN TI STRY
ED I TOR A R C HIVE S
I n the J a nna ry i ssu e of A R C HIVE S I Ob ser v e the r e p o r t of a ,

m o v e m e nt a m o ng G e o rgi a d e nti sts t o r a i se t he sta nd a r d o f

m e ch a nic a l de nte st ry Wh a t a g re a t a nd gl o ri ou s thi ng it w o uld
.

b e if the m o v e m e nt w o uld b e t a k e n up t h r o ugho u t t he na t i o n .

( 13 6 )
 CORR E S P ON D E N C E . 1 37

I t w o uld be go o d f o r the p e o pl e a nd f o r the p ro f e ssi o n Why .

,

i n m a ny pl a c e s no pl a te s are e v e r m a d e b ut rubb e r a nd t h a t o f ,

t he ch e a p e st ki nd T he p e o pl e h a v e c o m e to r e gul a t e t h e i r
.

t e e th by t he c o st t he w e a l thi e r thi nk r ubb e r g o o d e no ugh

.
,

b e nu se i t sa v e s th e m m o ne y ; the p o or ca n a ff o rd no t hi ng b e tt e r
I
.

H o w o f te n do w e se e S O I I I C m a n buy hi s wif e a h a nd so m e a nd
c o stly w ra p to b e w o rn o nly a f e w t im e s e a ch se a so n f or a y e ar
,

o r t w o ; a nd wh e n i t c a m e t o g e t t i ng he r a se t o f t e e th
.
the ,

ch e a p e st w e re b o ugh t a nd th e y are e xp e c te d to l a st a lif e t im e

.

,
.

I t will r e qui re e duc a t i o n a nd l o t s o f i t t o b r i ng t he public t o

, ,

a pp e ci a t e t he diff e re nc e b e t w e e n ch e a p a nd a r ti st ic d e nt u r e s
'

r
will w e try i t T he re i s ro o m f o r a gre a t re vo lu t i o n i n the
I I I a nu f a c tu r e o f r ubb e r pl a t e s M a ny o f t he m are m a d e o f t he .

ch e a p e st re d r ubb e r a nd a r e t hick cumb e rso m e t hi ng s a nd

, , ,

f re qu e ntly v e ry po ro u s R ubb e r a t b e st a b so r b s t o o much .

, ,

m o i stu re a nd b e c o m e s o ffe nsiv e I t ca n b e gre a tly i mp ro v e d by

,
.

u si ng o nly the pu re st o f m a te r i a l m a ki ng pl a t e s thi nnne r a nd , ,

p ro p e rly vulc a nizi ng b ut t hi s r e qui re s m o re tim e g re a ter e xp e nse

, ,

a nd high e r d e g r e e s o f skill a nd sh o uld b e m e t wi th r e a so na bl e ,

.

c o mp e nsa ti o n . J R M ORGAN . . .

RE PLY T O AN “
OP EN LE TTER .
”

ED I T OR A R HIVE S C

Yu o r re a so ns why a b so r p t i o n is g re a t e r O I I t he l o w e r a w
j m a
y ,

b e c or re c t Th e re i s still ro o m f o r qu e sti o n
. .

Siz e fi t a nd a r ticul a ti o n d o no t a lw ay s h o ld a l o w e r pl a t e
,
.

i n pl a c e wh e n t he j aw s a re i n th e i r no rm a l c o ndi ti o n Op e n I t i s
, ,
.

imp o ssibl e i n so m e c a se s to w e a r the l o w e r pl a te wid e O I I the

, ,

l a bi a l S id e wi t h o u t the mu scl e s i n c e r ta i n m o v e m e nts f o r ci ng , ,

the pl a te i nw a rd I h a v e fou nd th a t w eigh t O I I t he l o w e r j a w i s

.

a n i nI I o rta nt f a c to r
'

l .

I sh o uld supp o se a ny o ne ta ki ng a n imp re ssi o n o f a fla t l o w e r

j aw w
,
o uld u se a fla t cup .
.

I h a v e f o r m a ny y e a rs ra i se d o r e nl a rg ed the imp re ssi o n , ,

o v e r t he r idg e a nd m a d e t he pl a te no d e e p e r o n the i nsi d e th a n

,

i t c o uld b e w o rn .

*
P a ge 83, A R CH I V ES, Fe b ru a ry i ss ue .
1 38 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN T I S TRY .

Y ou sa
y , h “
a v e bicu spid s a nd 7 1 0 16c a s l o ng
/ a s i nci so rs .

No ne v e r T he te n a nte ri or te e th S ho uld be o n a li ne a nd the

.
,

m o l ars sh o r te r a nd i ncli ne d upw ard p osteri orly Thi s giv e s ,

.

the cu rv e o f na t u re a nd wh e n t he l o w
, e r t e e th a r e a rra ng e d t o

t o the m o n pl a ci ng t he cu tt i ng e dg e s o n a fla t su rf a c e o nly the

, ,

i nci sors a nd se c o nd m ol ar s will t o uch .

Alwa y s arr ange the upp e r te e t h fi rst as th ey giv e ch ara cte r ,

t o the m o u th m a i nly , The n a rra ng e the l o w e r to the m a nd

.
,

t ryi ng i n the m o u th m a k e wh a t ch a ng e s m ay se e m ne c e ssa ry ;

,

a nd no se t o f t e e t h o ugh t e v e r t o b e
p u t i nt o t he m o u t h fi ni sh e d , ,

wi t h o u t fi rst h a vi ng b ee n se e n th e re i n the w a x as no w a x ri m ,

c o nv e y s a c orre c t id e a O f how the t ee t h will l o o k a nd t o o much ,

t im e c a nno t b e sp e nt i n a cc o mpli shi ng t hi s Obj e c t .

Th e n a ga i n zf gum se ct i o ns ar e u se d o n t he u pp e r j a w ( whi ch
,

I ne v e r do) th ey a re e nt i re ly o u t o f pl a ce 0 11 the l o w e r if o ne
, ,

wi sh e s to se cu re t he b e st re sul t s i n a rticul at i on a nd a rti st ic

a pp e ara nc e . L P H A S KELL . . .

C LINI CS IN T HE M I SS OURI D ENT AL C OLLEGE .

T O T HE A R C HIVE S
T he p re se nt t e r m o f the Mi sso u r i D e nta l C o ll e g e has b e e n the
m ost succ e ssful i n its hi story N o t o nly h a v e the cl a sse s
.

e nl a r g e d b ut the cl a ss o f st ud e nts has b e e n a b o v e t he a v e ra g e

,
.

T he p ro fe sso r s a nd d e m o nstr a tor s h a v e d o ne the i r b e st t o i nstr uc t

e a ch st ud e nt i n a l l the b r a nch e s t a ugh t i n a d e nt a l c o ll e ge A nd .

I am gl a d to state th e y h a v e m e t wi th m ark e d succ e ss E a ch .

st ud e nt ha s a n o pp o rt u ni ty t o di spl a y hi s skill i n b o t h Op e ra t iv e

a nd m e ch anic a l d e nt i st ry a nd so m e of t h e m
,
h a v e a cqui re d a
gre a t a m o u nt o f p ro fici e ncy i n b o th T he cli nic s h a v e be e n .

l arge r a nd m o re v ar i e d th a n i n p a st y e ar s t hu s givi ng the stu ,

d e nts a ch a nc e t o wi tne ss a s w e ll a s p e rf or m al l O f the Op e ra t i o ns

, ,

m e t wi th i n a r e gul a r p r a c ti c e T he Cli nic s giv e n by the sp e ci a l

.

cli nica l i nstr uct o rs h a v e p ro v e n b o th i nte r e st i ng and p ro fita bl e

to the st ud e nt s T he sp e ci a l cl i nic d a y s a re W e d ne sd ay s a nd
.

Fr iday s T he d e m onstrator i n ch arg e h a il s t h ese d ay s wi th a

.

gre a t d e a l of pl e a su re b e ca u se he a lw ay s fi nd s r e a dy and will

,

i ng h e lp f r o m wh o e v e r i s p re se nt o n th e se d ay s i n d e al i ng wi th ,
 CO R ’
R E SI ON D E N CE . 1 39

th o se p e rpl e xi ng c ase s tha t so o f te n p re se nt th e m se lv e s to t he

stud e nts o f d e nt i stry Th e se c a se s, a s t h e y p re se nt th e m se lv e s
.
,

a re t re a te d t e mp o ra r ily a nd t he p a ti e nts a re t o ld t o re t u r n O I I
,

W e d ne sd a y o r F r id a y wh e n th e y will h a v e t he b e ne fi t of the
'

a dvic e o f m e n O l d i n t he p ro f e ss i o n I f y o u will li ste nto the .

c o nv e rsa ti o n o f the stu de nts y ou will f re qu e ntly h e a r th e m

,

r e m a rk ,
I l e a rne d a g re a t d e a l f ro m se e i ng D r B o wm an pre
“
.

p ar e a n d fill a ro o t c a na l o r i nse r t a filli ng by t he

,
H e r b st

m e th o d . D r C o nra d i n hi s r e m o v a l o f pulp s a nd imm e di a te

.
,

ro o t filli ng g a v e u s so m e id e a o f wh a t w e c o uld d o a f te r re m ov
,

D r F i sh e r s m e tho d
’
i ng a pulp th a t ha d j u st b e e n de v i tal i z e t .

o f p r e p ar i ng f o il f o r filli ng a s w e ll a s hi s m a nne r of se p ar at i ng
,

te e th mu st h a v e m a d e quit e a n i m p r e ssi o n a s i t i s ne w u se d by
, ,
’
a g re a t m a ny O f the st ud e nts D r M cM i l l e n s o p e r a t i o n o f
. .

filli ng c a vi t i e s O I I thefl a bial su rfa c e s of te e th e x te ndi ng b e l o w the

‘ ,

gum m a rgi n wi th sof t f oil cyli nd e r s m a d e f ro m N O 4 fo il qui t e

, ,
.
,

c a ptiv a te d the cl a ss it b e i ng so ne a tly a nd quickly d o ne D r

,
. .

N e w b y p refe rre d no t to m a k e a sp e ci a l cli nic onany subj e c t b ut ,

ra th e r to giv e a n a ssi sta nc e he c o uld t o t he d e m o nst r a t o r D r

y ,
. .

P r e sse r wi th his B o nwill m a ll e t a nd w e t o r dry filli ng s

, ,

a l wa y s c arr i e s the cl a ss wi th h im wh e re v e r he g oe s D r Wick . .

wh o se h a nd m a ll e t r u ns a s th o ugh the m o t iv e p o w e r w e re e l e c
-

t ri ci ty i s a lw a y s i n high f a vo r wi t h t he stud e nts ; a nd i t i s a

,

nota bl e f a c t th at a f te r the d o c tor ha s b e e n wi t h u s the j u ni o r i s ,

i n l e ss d e m a nd as a m a ll e t h a nd th a n he w a s b e f o r e e a ch se ni o r
-

p re f e rri ng to do his o wn m a ll e ti ng D r K e i th g a v e his S p e ci a l. .

cli nic O II e x tra c ti on wi th a naesth e tic s which w a s v e ry muc h ,

a pp re ci a t e d a s w a s a l so his S p e ci a l d e m o nstr a t i o n of c o nt i nu o u s
,
’
gum w o rk D r M o r ri so n s cli nic o n sh arp e ni ng i nstrum e nts
. .

m a ki ng a m alga m a nd filli ng the a p e x O f a rOo t with g o ld wi re

, ,

w a s i nt e re sti ng a s w e ll a s p ro fit a bl e ’
D r P a tri ck s l e c t u re s o n
. .

m o rph o l o gy a nd the d e v e l o pm e nt o f the te e th a nd j a w s a re

, ,

a lw a y s a g re a t so u rc e o f k no wl e dg e t o t he stud e nt s By t he a id .

’
o f the d o c tor s m a ny d ra wi ng s
( p re p a re d by him se lf) w e a re ,

e na bl e d to t ra c e t he to o th t h ro ugh i ts diff e re nt s ta g e s o f d e v e l

O p m e nt f ro m i ts f o r m a tiv e g e r m u nt il i t i s g ra sp e d by the f o r
,

ce p s ; which a l a s i s t o o f re qu e ntly t he c a se
, , H is l e c tu re s a nd .

d e m o nst ra ti o ns o n c ro w n a nd b ri dge w o rk w e re giv e n a s the -

,
140 TH E A R C HIVE S OF DEN T I S T RY .

d o cto r o nly k no w s ho w to giv e th e m L a st b ut no t l e a st c o m e s .

, ,

D r W hippl e w ho w as p re v e nt e d f ro m filli ng his a pp o i ntm e nt s

.
~

, ,

o wi ng t o ill ne ss I t is h o p e d t he d o c t o r ha s l o st his gr ipp e ”

.
,

a nd t h a t he will b e a bl e t o b e wi t h u s a t hi s ne x t a pp o i nt m e nt .

D o c to rs o ur l a t ch str i ng i s o n t he o u tsid e a nd whil e a l l are

,
-

gl a d to w e lc o m e y o u no ne a re m o r e so th a n the d e m o nstrat or
,

i n ch a r g e . J H K ENNERLY D D S . .
,
. . .

S t L o ui s Fe b 1 5 1 890
.
,
.
,
.

MARION H ARLAN D S APP EAL T O T HE WO M EN OF AM ERI C A ’

.

M a r i o n H a rl a nd t he f r i e nd a nd h e lp e r o f w o m e n e v e rywh e re
, ,

ha s ta k e n up t he w o r k O f r e sto r i ng t he r ui ne d m o num e nt m a r k
i ng the bu ri a l pl a c e of M ary t he m o t h e r o f Wa shi ng to n
-

,
.

O ne hu nd r e d y e a r s a go t hi s v e ne r a bl e w o m an w as i nt e rre d i n
p r iv a te g ro u nd s ne a r F re d e r ick sbu rg V i rgi ni a I n 1 83 3 the ,
.

c Orne r st o ne o f a n imp o si ng m e m o r i a l w a s l a id by p r e sid e nt

-

Andre w Ja ck so n A p atri ot ic ci tiz e n of N e w Yo rk a ssum e d the

.

pi o u s t a sk si ngl e h a nd e d b ut m e e ti ng wi th fi nanci a l di sast e r

-

, ,

w as c o mp e ll e d t o a b a nd o n i t .

M a r i o n H arl a nd say s tr uly i n he r a pp e a l t o t he m o t h e r s a nd —

d a u gh t e rs o f A m er ic a t o e r e c t a fi tti ng m onum e nt to he r w ho
g a v e o u r c o u nt ry a f a th e r tha t the sun S hi ne s up o n no sa dd e r
—

r ui n i n t he l e ng t h a nd b re a d th o f o u r l a nd t h a n thi s u nfi ni sh e d
,

st ru c t u r e
”
.

T he publi sh e rs o f The H om e M a ker o f wh ich M a r i o n H ar -

l a nd i s t he e di to r Off e r a s t h e i r c o nt r ibu ti on t o t he g oo d c a u se
, ,

se v e nty fi v e c e nt S o u t O f e v e ry a nnu a l sub sc r ip ti o n o f t w o d o ll a r s

-

t o t he m a g a zi ne se nt i n du r i ng t he ne x t S ix m o nth s E v e ry such .

s ub sc rip t i o n mu st b e a cc o mp a ni e d by t he w or d s F or Al a T y “
/
,

l Va sl nngton Z lf onu m ent

'

T he Offe r is g e ne ro u s ,
a nd s h o uld m e et wi th a n e nt hu si a st ic
re sp o nse .

SU B S C RI PT ION S to the A R C HIVE S m ay c o mm e nc e with a ny i ssu e

‘

A dd re ss D r I V i l l ia m C onrad 32 1 N G ra nd A v e S t L o ui s M O
.
,
. .
,
.
,
.
 fi dite ri a l .

N OTH l N G NE W UN D ER T HE S UN .

A vi si t to D r . a rr oH A P
. .e f N w Y k th w ll k n w n
or e,
e o sp e ,
-

c i a l i st i n c ro w n a nd b r idg e w o r k fo r cibly re mi nd e d m e o f the

-

o l d sayi ng t h a t t h e re i s no thi ng ne w u nd e r t he sun

,
We have .

a l l b e e n l a b o r i ng f o r a l o ng t i m e u nd e r t he imp re ssi o n t h a t the

p re se nt m e th o d o f c onstruc ti ng a nd i nse rt i ng g o ld a nd p o rc e l a in
c ro w ns and m e t a l b r idg e w or k w a s of re c ent o rigi n o r c o mp a r
-

B ut I sa w i n D r P a rr s p o sse ssi o n b o o k s b e tw e e n
’
a ti v e l y so .
,
.
,

six ty a nd se v e nty y e a r s o f a e c o nta i ni ng cu ts o f g o ld b r idg e s

g , ,

wi th t e e t h m o u nte d up o n th e m as p e rf e c tly a rra ng e d a nd c o n

str uc te d a s a n w e se e t o day O n e pi e c e i n p ar t icul ar a tt ra c t e d
y
-

.
,

my a tte nti o n it w a s a c a se d e sig ne d to r e sto re t he six f ro nt

,

upp e r te e th and f o u r bic u spid s tw o o n e i th e r sid e Th e y w e re ,

.

a tta ch e d to t he r oo t s of t he cu spid s by p o st s ( m e t a l p o sts i nse r te d

)
i nto the roo ts a nd h e ld f a st by c e m e nt C e m e nts o f liquid f o rm
,
.

w e re u se d th a t go t h a r d i n a f e w mi nu te s a nd a s filli ng s p re
, ,

se r v e d the t e e t h f o r y e a rs wh at w as i t ? P a g e s a re d e v o te d
—

to gol d cr ow ns a nd t h e i r u se s e tc ; a l so t he t re a t m e nt o f t he ,
.

ro o t s b e f o re c ro w ni ng A nd the c u t w a s a s p e rf e c t i n d e ta il as
.

an w e se e publi sh e d a t t he p re se nt ti m e T he b o o k i n which
y .

t h a t w a s p r i nte d w a s publi sh e d b ithcr i n 1 89 1 o r 1 82 6 I f o rg e t ,

which b ut e i th e r d a t e will suffi ci e ntly e sta bli sh the a ntiqui ty o f

,

the w o rk .

I n the sa m e b o o k w a s a se r i e s O f cu ts o f e ngi ne i nst rum e nt s

O f a lm o st the id e ntic a l S ha pe o f t h o se w e u se t o da t h y w e re
y e -

so m e wh a t sh or te r i n t he sh a nk b u t ha d the sa m e l o ck sl o t a t t he ,
-

e nd a s o u r m o d e rn bu rs h a v e
.
S o m e w e r e c ut a s bu rs a nd .
.

o th e r s ha d sto nes m o u nte d o n th e m Th e re w e re a l so cu ts o f .

fo r c e p s ne r v e b re a ch e s e x c a v a to rs sc ra p e rs se a l e rs c hi se l s
,
-

, , , , ,

fil e s a nd m a ny o th e r i nstrum e nts a nd to o l s such a s w e h a v e

, ,

fo ndly b el i e v e d w e re the p ro duc ts o f m o d e rng e niu s in d e nti stry .

( Ml )
14 2 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN T I S TR Y .

T he b oo k w a s a r e v e l a ti o n to m e b u t a s t i m e w a s limi te d I did , ,

no t ha v e a n o pp o r t u ni ty t o r e a d much ; b u t I did not ic e qui t e a n

’

a ccu ra t e d e sc r ip t i o n o f o u r c e m e nt s T o a ny w ho ar e I nte re st e d .
,

I am su re D r Pa rr w o uld b e pl ea se d to S h o w his tre asure s (f o r

.

tre a su r e s th e y are ) which he f o u nd i n E u r o p e l a st summ e r

,
I .

b e li e v e it m ay b e t h at t h e y migh t b e O f so m e imp ort a nc e i n

~

re si st i ng t he cl a im s o f the I nt e r na t i o na l T o o t h C ro w n C O
.

B F L . . .

T HE ANNUAL M EETING OF THE ALUM NI OF THE

M I SS OURI D EN T AL C OLLEGE
Will be h e ld a t the r o o m s o f the Col l ege B yfl mm ry o n Thu r s ,

d ay Mar ch 1 3 a t 3 P M
,
f o r the e l e c t i o n of o ffic e rs t o se r v e f o r
,
. .
,

the e nsui ng y e a r T he p re se nta t i o n and di scu ssi o n o f subj e c ts

.

f o r t he g o o d a nd w e lf ar e of t he c o ll e g e will b e i n o rd e r We .

h o p e to se e a g o o d a tte nd anc e .

T he c o mm e nc e m e nt e x e r ci se s o f t he c o ll e g e will b e h e ld i n
c o nne c t i o n w i th th a t of t he S t L o ui s M e dic a l C o ll e ge a t M e .
,

m o ri a l H all o nt he e v e ni ng o f the sa m e day a t 8 o cl o ck T he

,
’
,
.

a lum ni a re sp e ci ally i nvi te d .

DR . E P M C LEAN P RO C E SS FOR S HAR P ENING

. .
’
S
AN D P OLI S HING IN STRUM ENTS .

Much has b e e n sa id a nd w r i tte n o f l a te o n the subj e c t of a v o id

a nc e o f p a i n i n d e nt a l Op e ra t i o ns T he e mpl oym e nt O f v a r i o u s .

m e a ns h a v e b e e nsug g e ste d a s ab tu nd e nts c o ca i ne c a rb o lic a cid , , ,

’
e t h er S p ra y a c o ni t e B a rr s a naest h e t ic c a mph o phe niqu e ho t
, , ,
-

a ir d ry ne ss a nd l ast b u t no t l e a st the u se o f sh a r p i nstr um e nt s

, , , , .

Thi s m eans w e b e li e v e t o b e o ne of the m o st p ote nt ; i t ha s

, ,

p ro v e n S O a t l e a st i n o u r h a nd s T o h a v e sh arp i nstrum e nt s
, ,
.

a lw a y s wi th o u t l o ss o f t im e
, w i th the o rdi nary m e a ns a t o ur ,

c o mm a nd (the Ark a nsa s sto ne o r h o ne )i s no t p o ssibl e T o m e e t , .

’
thi s e nd w e h a v e b e e n u si ng D r M cL e a n s p r o c e ss r e co m
,
.
,

m e nd e d by the M assa chu se tt s S tate D e nta l S o ci e ty wi t h g re a t ,

sa t i sf a c t i o n I n c o mm e nt i ng O n thi s p ro c e ss so m e w r i te r ha s
.
,
 lCnrrm nA L . H 3

c ri tici se d the a c ti o n o f t he S o ci e ty in a w a rdi ng to D r M cL e a n .

c re di t f o r sugg e sti ng i t a s so m e thi ng ne w

. I t i s t ru e th a t .

e m e ry w h e e l s a nd buff s h a v e b e e n e mpl o y e d by w ork e rs i n s te e l

i nst rum e nts f o r sh a rp e ni ng a nd p o li shi ng b ut to D r M cL e a n i s ,
.

’
d u e th e c r e d it o f sugg e sti ng i t a s a r e a dy m e a ns f o r the d e nti st s
u se, a nd givi ng t o the p ro f e ssi o n sui ta bl e di sk s o f v a r i o u s
g ra d e s wi th m e tho d O f m o u nt i ng whi ch re a dily a d a p t s th e m t o
, ,

the pu rp o se so ugh t I k no w o f no m ea ns f o r se cu ri ng a sha rp

.

k e e n e dg e d e xc a v a to r e qu a l to the pl a n sugge ste d

-

T/ae S ou l /t e r n D eni a l wh a t ha s b e c o m e o f it
J ou r na l
’
I t s e di tor w r i te s u s th a t he i s f re e f ro m t he i ns a ti a bl e m a w of
m o re c o py a nd the c o nsta nt a nno y a nc e o f the d e vil f o r which
, ,
”

l a st w e c o ng ra tul ate hi m VV e wi sh al l o u r f ri e nd s f re e f ro m such

.
,

a nno y anc e T he d o c to r giv e s up hi s e di to ri a l w o r k o n t he J o u r

.

na l t o e nt e r a ne w fi e ld H e p ro p o se s t o publ i sh a ne w w o r k
.

’
e nt i t l e d C a tchi ng s C o mp e ndium o f P ra c tic a l D e nti stry T he ”
.
,

sc o p e o f t he w o r k i s giv e n i n hi s p ro sp e c t u s f o r 1 890 a s f o ll o w s ,

A C o mpil ati on o f al l the P ra ct ical m atte r O f the Cu rre nt D e n

ta l L i te ra t u r e Du r i ng the Y e a r Cl a ssifi e d I nd e x e d a nd B o u nd
, ,

i n O ne V o lum e Thi s will b e a V a lu a bl e B o o k f o r the P ro gre s

.

a R e a dy R e f ere nc e B o o k T o A pp e a r
"

si v e P r a ct ica l D e nt i st
,
—
.

A nnu ally F i rst V o lum e Du ri ng J a nu ary 1 891 S o ld o nl y o n

, ,
.

Sub sc rip t i o n p e rV o lum e

,
B H CA T C HING D . D S . .
,
. . .

SAR D I S MI S S Fe b 1 7th 1 890 , ,

.
,
.

EDI T OR A R C HIVE S M y p a p e r o n Pu rpu ra a pp ea rs inFe b

—

ru ary numb e r o f I te m s of I nt er est wi th o u t c re di t t o T H E A R C H

IVE S . Yo u rs truly MORGAN AD A M S
, .

O ur c o ntr ibu tor ha s no t p e rh a p s o b se r v e d th a t o u r c o nf re re

, ,

w a s o n a bu st i n J a nu a ry a nd th e re f ore no t fully r e sp o nsibl e f o r

,

thi s se e mi ng vi o l a t i o n o f j o u rna li sti c e t iqu e tt e W e f e e l c o nfi .

d e nt th a t B ro W e lch w o uld no t b e guil ty o f such a n Off e nse

.

wh e n in the full p o sse ssi o n o f his fa cul ti e s H e i s O fi his b u st .

no w a nd the c o ntribu to r s to t he A R C H I V E S will no t w e a re su re

, , ,

b e o ff e re d a no th e r o pp o r tu ni ty f o r c ri tici si ng hi m f o r a lik e .

o ff e nse u nl e ss his f ri e nd s
, pu t him o n a bu st a g a i n .
 B ri e f m e nti o n .

D WEL C H
R . is o ff hi s bu st ,
a nd we c o ng ra tul a te him on t he
d e p a rtu r e .

A AUGH T E R
D T he h o m e o f D r W H B a i r d Bu r li ng to n
—
. . .
, ,

I o w a w as m a d e brigh te r on Fe b ru ary 1 9th by the a dv e nt of a

,
4
,

su nny li ttl e gi r l .

M R . E E
CLA R K wi th the e l e ctro d e po si te pl a te i s o n e
. .
,
-

Vi si t to the d e nti sts o f the W e st i ncludi ng Chi ca go S t Lo ui s , ,

.

K ansas Ci ty e tc Thi s pl a te se e m s to b e g ra du ally wo rki ng its

,

.
,

w ay t o fa v o r a nd ha s b ee n v e ry much i mp ro v e d si nc e i ts i nt ro
,

duc ti o n .

TH Y MP A T HY O F T H E A R C HIVES i s t e nd e re d to D r E dga r
E S .

Palm e r o u r c o ll ab o ra to r o f L a C r o sse Wi sc o nsi n w ho ha s b e e n

, , , ,

c a ll e d t o m o u rn the l o ss o f a n a ge d p are nt M r W a l t e r Pa lm e r , .

o ne O f t he o ld e st a nd m o st e ste e m e d ci tiz e ns o f W o o d sto ck .

Ve r m o nt w ho di e d Fe b rua r v 4 t h 1 890 i n hi s 84 t h y e a r
, , , .

SE PAR AT ING WE D G E S T he S te v e ns w o o d pulp c anal p o i nt s .

— -

b e i ng so p e rf e ctly t a p e re d m a k e a n id e a l w e dg e ,

o ccupyi ng a v e ry sm a ll sp a c e a nd ca n b e u se d i n a l l c ase s w he r e
,

t he r e i s suffi ci e nt t o o t h sub sta nc e b e t w e e n t he c e r vic a l b o r d e r

o f t he c a vi ty a nd gum .

T he r ubb e r d a m i n po si t i o n wi t h li g a tu re s w e ll up o n t he ,

t e e th i nt ro d u c e t he p o i nt s as a n o rdi na ry w e dg e ; c a r e ful i nte r

,
.
,

m i tte nt p r e ssu re u nt il t he c a vi ty i s p r e p a re d will giv e the ne c e s ,

sa ry sp a c e wi th a s li t tl e p a i n a nd in l e ss t im e th an a ny se p a ra
, ,

to r .

T he p o i ntily br o k e n o ff S O a s to b e e nti re ly o u t o f
ca n be ea s ,

t he w ay O ne f o ur th o f a n i nch m ay b e l e f t o n the li ngu a l S id e

.
-

f o r e a sy re m o v a l T he p o i nt i s al so a gu ar d f o r t he gum a nd
.
,

will k e e p the strip s d ry w hil e fi ni shi ng W L R EE D . . . .

M E xI C O , M O .
 S UC C E S S O R TO

Mi ssouri D enta l Jo urna l , a l so Cons ol i da te d wi th N ew E ngl a nd J ourna l of D enti s try .

VOL . V II .
,
N O . AP RIL , 1 890 . N E W SERIE S
[ .

e e ie tiezs .

G TEE T H
B L E AC H I N .

BY D R . K . M FULLER T ON E D AR FALL
.
,
C S, I O WA .

T he bl ea chi ng o f te e th has f ro m the fi rst i ntro duc ti on o f a ,

p o si t iv e m e t h o d b e e n m e t wi th re m a rk a bl e i ndifi e re nc e a nd a t
,
'

t im e s p o si tiv e p re j udic e
, Why thi s S h ou ld b e will re m a i n a
.

p ro bl e m T he te e th th a t r e qui re bl e a chi ng b e l o ng m o stly to a

.

cl a ss c o nd e m ne d f o r a l l pu rp o se s e xc e p t th a t of m a stic a ti o n .

T he p ro c e ss i s g e ne ral ly o nly a pplic a bl e to the si x a nte r i o r

t e e th whil e p o ssibly a n o cc asi o na l bi cu spid m a y b e tre a t e d wi th
,

a dv a nta g e Wh e n th e se a nte ri o r te e th e sp e ci a lly the i nci so rs

.
, ,

a re di sc o l o re d t h e y a re such a p o s i t iv e di sfigu re m e nt t h a t the

‘

Op e ra tor ha s o nly the ch o ic e o f e vil s to bl e a ch o r to e xci se —

th e m a nd i nse r t a n a rtifici a l c ro w n
, I t w o uld s e e m no difficul t .

m a tte r to c o m e to a d e ci si o n o r a t l e a st to d e te rmi ne to giv e the

,

na t u r a l te e th a ch a nc e f o r fu tu re u se fu l ne s s .

T he f e ar o f re di sc o l o ra ti o n o r a nno yi ng l a b o r S h o u ld no t b e
-

, ,

t a k e n i nto c o nsid e ra ti o n A ll o p e ra to rs a re li a bl e to m e e t wi th
.

( 14 5 )
146 T H E AR C H I V E S OF DE N T I S TR Y .

s udd e n di sc o l o rat i o n in the r e gul ati ng of t e e t h by the strangul a

t i o n o f t he pulp a t the a pic a l f ora m e n Wh e n t hi s o ccu rs i t
.
,

i s o ne o f t he m o st humili a t i ng o f a ccid e nts a s it i s o ne o f t he ,

'

m o st annoyi ng t o p at i e nts Di sc o l o rat i o n i s c a u se d by d e ce m

.

p osi ti o n th ro ugh a sl o w di si nte grat i on of the o rga nic m a te r i a l

,

a nd t he d e p o si t o f c a r b o na c e o u s m a tt e r I t t h e r e fo r e foll o w s
.

t h at t he p r o duc ts p r o duci ng c o l o r a re no t ne cessa r i l y t a k e n i nto

t he t ub e s by imbibi ti o n t h o u gh d o ub t l e ss t o a limi te d e x t e nt
, , ,

t hi s i s the c ase b u t a r e p ro duc e d by l o c a l d e g e ne ra t i o n t h ro u gh

,

p u t r e f a c t iv e p r o c e sse s Thi s
. ch a ng e t h o ugh v e r
y , S l o w i n pro ‘

d u ei ng r e sul ts e v e nt u a lly giv e s to t he t e e th t he blui sh ti ng e o r

, ,

t o a t oo t h l o ng a ffe c te d by d e c o mp o se d m a tt e r the di rt y blui sh , ,

y e ll o w I t i s u nne c e ssary t o e nte r mi nu t e ly i nt o the m or e

.

re m o t e c a u ses o f di sc o l o r a t i o n b ut w e m ay summ a r iz e t h e m a s
,

f o ll o w s
l st . Wh e n d e at h o f a to ot h i s c a u se d by a bl o w a tta ck s of ,

c ar i e s ,
t o o r a pid p re ssu r e i n re gul a t i ng t e e t h e tc t he d e a t h ,
.
,

a nd d e vi t a liz a t i o n a r e f o ll o w e d by i mbi b i ti o n o f c o l o r i ng m a t te r

t h ro ugh t he l a rg e st di a m e t e r o f t he t ubul e s a nd l o c a l di sc o l o r a
t i o n o f t he t ub e c o nt e nt s i n t he mi nu t e r a nasto mo si ng c o ndui t s .

Th e se ch ang e s m ay o ccu r i n t e e t h a ffe c te d by c ar i e s o r wi th o u t ,

a ny e x t e rna l e vid e nc e o f di se ase .

2d
. T he m o r e a gg ra v a t e d c a se s wh e n t hi s c o l or ha s ch a ng e d
,

t o a blui sh y e ll o w i nv o lvi ng t he e nt i r e str uc t u r e o f t he d e nt i ne

-

, .

3d
. O f the l a tte r cl ass th e re m ay b e a fu rth e r subdivi si o n
, ,

i n which t h e se a re c omplic a t e d wi t h p e r i o ste a l l e si ons w hich

m o re o r l e ss i nte rf e re wi t h e fforts a t r e stora ti on t o o r igi na l
c o l or.

T he ne c e ssi ty o f m a ki ng so m e e ffo rt t o re store t he c o l o r of t e e t h

c h a ng e d by d e vi t a li z a t i o n w as a pp a r e nt t o d e nt i st s v e ry e a rly

i n the p re se nt c e nt u ry T he c onsta nt d e str uc t i o n o f pulp s

.

wi th the imp e rfe c t m e t h o d s of p r a ct ic e t h en p re va ili ng ne ce ssa ,

r ily i ncre a se d t hi s u npl e a sa nt c o mpli c a t i o n to such a d e g r ee t h a t

t r e a tm e nt o f t he a nter i o r t e e t h b e c a m e so f ar a s a pp e a ra nc e s
,

w e r e co nc e rne d of no v a lu e wh a te v e r U nd er the d e f e ctiv e

,
.

m o d e s o f t re a ti ng pulp c a na l s t h e n p r e v a ili ng di sc o l ora t i on w as ,

s u re t o f oll o w the filli ng o f t e e th Any a tte mp t t o ch a nge c o l o r

.

i s ne c e ssar ily d e p e nd e nt f o r succ e ss up o n p re limi na ry m e asu re s .

 SO C IE T IE S .

W i th o u t th oro ugh ne ss l ee re a l l sub se qu e nt e ff o rts will fa il T he

,
.

e a rly a tte mp ts a t bl e a chi ng b e fo re the se ttl e d p ra c tic e o f filli ng

,

ro o t c a na l s w a s e sta bli sh e d w a s no t a succ e ss a nd it mu st e ver

, ,

re m a i n a f a ilu re u nl e ss the m i nu te r str uc tu r e o f d e nt i ne b e

c a re fully c o nsid e re d .

I t has b e e n d e m o nstra te d by a rtifici a l i nj e c t i o n a nd st ill b e tte r ,

by sudd e n c o nge sti o ns of the pulp t h a t c ol o ri ng m a tte r m ay be ,

c ar r i ed ne arly t o t he fi na l di stribu t i o n of t he m i nute r a m ifi ca

ti o ns o f the t ubuli Thi s i s a n i mp o rtant p o i nt f or wi th o u t
.
, ,

t hi s v a s cul ar i ty bl e a chi ng w o u ld b e imp o ssibl e

,
Wi th i t the . .

p o ssibili ty e xi sts o f e x te ndi ng t he whi te ni ng p ro c e ss to the l

p e riph e ra l b ord e r o f the d e nt i ne ; o r i n o th e r w o rd s to i ts u ni o n , ,

wi t h the e na m e l o n the c r o w n o r the c e me ntum o n the ro o t s

,
.

T he di a m e te r o f the t ubuli i s so mi nu te a l w a y s d e c re a si ng i n ,

S iz e u nt il l o st i n fi na l di str ibu t i o n t h a t a ny a g e nt u se d mu st ne c
,

e ssa ril y re qui re c o nsid e r a bl e t im e b e f o r e i t c a n p e ne tra te t o t he

mi nu t e t ub e s t h e r e fo re y o u mu st no t e xp e c t to bl e a ch ra pidly
,

a nd m e e t wi t h g o o d succ e ss T he ch a ng e if a ny ch a nge b e
.
,

m ad e a t a l l i s simply o n the w a ll s o f t he c ana l a nd c a nno t p e ne

, ,

t ra t e t o a ny d e p t h o f t i ssu e I f the di scol o ra ti on is sup e rfici a l

.
,

t hi s m o d e will b e e ff e c te d b u t no t o th e r w i se
,
.

C o l o r ca n b e ch ang e d by se v e ra l o f the a cid s : no ta bly o x a li c ,

a nd ni tr ic . T he f o rm e r d e stro y s the c o l o r a nd the l a t t e r ,

ch a ng e s d ar k blu e to a y e ll o wi sh t i ng e ; b ut a s b o t h of t h e se a re
-

v e ry d e struct iv e t h e y sh o uld ne v e r b e u se d e xc e p t in c o nne c ti o n

,

wi th a n a nt a cid T he fi rst na m e d will b e f o u nd to giv e b e tte r

-

r e sul ts wh e n u se d i n c o nne c t i o n wi th chl o r i na te d li m e .

Chl or ine f re e o r i n so m e o f i ts c o mbi na ti o ns has b e e n a nd i s

, , ,

t o da y t he m a i n r e li a nc e f o r b l e a chi ng a nd t h a t i t i s the m o st
-

a s

e ffe c t u a l ha s b e e n d e m o nstra te d .

Fa ilu re s h a v e u su a l l y b e e n the re sul t o f d e fe ctiv e m anipul a ti o n .

I t has g re a t p e ne tra ti ng p o w e r i s a th o ro ugh bl e a ch e r i s re a dily

, ,

a ppli e d a nd if ha ndl e d wi t h c a r e
,
w ill p ro v e h a r ml e ss , .

T he p o ssi b iliti e s o f chl o ri ne w e re e a r ly u nd e rsto o d i n c o nne c

t i o n wi t h t he bl e a chi ng O f te e th but the re sult w a s no t sa t isf a c
,

to ry f o r t he re aso n na m e d a nd a l so f ro m t he f a c t th a t no p ra c ti
,

ca l m o d e ha d b e e n d e vi se d f o r i ts use T o p r e se nt f re e chl o r i ne .

t o a to o t h w a s a n imp o ssi b ili ty o wi ng to i ts i rri ta ti ng ch a ra c te r

,
148 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN T I S T RY .

a nd ne c e ssar ily up e r fici a l a c ti on ; a nd no p l an ha d b e e n o rigi

s

nat e d t o f re e i t f ro m it s c o mp o u nd s h e nc e a l l t e e t h sui ta bl e f o r , ,

bl e a c hi ng w ere c o nd e m ne d t o re m a i n a p erp e t u a l di sfigu re m e nt .

T he fi rst a tte mp t t o p r e se nt chl o r i ne f r e e t o a t o o th wa s m a d e by

D r J a m e s T r um a n i n 1 862
.
,
.

C hl o r i ne is lib e rate d f ro m c hl or i na t e d lim e by a l l the a cid s ,

b u t m ore ra pidly by so m e t h a n by o the r s .

I t w as fo u nd t h a t a s r a pid a c t i o n w a s no t d e si ra bl e t h ose
, ,

a cid s t h a t a ff e c t e d t hi s w e r e no t sa t i sf a c t o ry T a rtari c a cid w a s .

o ne o f t h e se T he c o nclu si o n a rri v e d a t w a s th a t a 5 0 p e r c e nt
. .

a c e t ic a cid w a s t he b e st a l t h o ugh l a t e r i nv e st ig a ti o n se e m s t o
,

i ndic a te to the c o ntr a ry T he difficul ty a tte ndi ng t he u se of .

chl o ri na te d lim e i s due t o the f a c t t h at a g o o d art icl e is r a re ly to

b e f o u nd .

G oo d chl ori nate d li m e i s i n the fo rm o f a dr v p o w d e r wh e n

m o i st i t i s w o rthl e ss I t S ho uld h av e a stro ng o d o r o f chl o r i ne
, , . .

A r o u gh t e st ca n b e m a d e by a ddi ng t o a so lu t i o n of i ndig o i n
t
,
a

a t e st t ub e a sm a l l qu a nt i ty o f chl o r i na t e d lim e ; t o t hi s a dd
'

, ,

st ro ng a cid a nd no t e t he ra pidi ty o f ch a ng e i n c o l o r
,
I f thi s i s .

v e ry sl o w or no t a cc o mpli sh e d a t a l l t he chl o r i na te d lim e i s

,
‘

u nfi t f o r u se a nd sh o uld b e di sc a r d e d
,
.

I N S T RUM EN TS The se th o ug h v e ry S impl e re qui re sp e ci al

.
—
, ,

no t ic e f o r ne gl e c t i n t hi s p a rt icul a r wil l i nv o lv e to ta l f a ilu re

,
.

N o i r on i ns tr um e nts sho u l d he u sed i n a ny connect i on

o r stee l

w i th the a ge nt e mp l oyed i n bl ea chi ng Thi s m u st b e imp r e sse d .

o n t he mi nd O f e v e ry o p e ra t o r T he r e a so n f or t hi s i s, t ha t t he .

sa l ts O f i ro n f o r m e d di sc o l o r the t e e t h v e ry ra pidly I t w o uld .

b e p r e f e ra bl e no t t o u se a ny st e e l i nst r um e nts a t a ny st a g e o f
t he Op e r a t i o n b u t t hi s i s difficul t t o a v o id i n t he e x c a v a t i o n o f
,

t he c a vi ty Instrum ents ca n b e m a de of ha r d w oo d th a t will

.

ser v e t he pu r p o se b u t iv o r y pl a t i num o r g o ld c a n b e u se d i n
, ,

pl a c e of t hi s e i t he r o f the l a t te r m ate ri al s m a ki ng e ffici ent

—

i nstrum e nt s .

E x tre m e c a re mu st b e u se d no t to p ro duc e any u nne c e ssary

i r r ita t i o n T he re m o v a l o f a l l r e m a i ns o f d e c o mp o se d pulp
.

f ro m the c a na l i s o f vi ta l imp o rta nc e b u t thi s mu st no t b e d o ne ,

in a r o ugh ra pid c a re l e ss m a nne r

,
I t i s o f g re a t imp o rta nc e
,
.

t h a t no i nfl a mm a ti o n o f t he p e r i o ste um sh o uld sup e r v e ne a s ,

 SO C IE T IE S . 149

t h a t no t o nly c o mplic a te s the o p e ra ti o n b u t re nd e rs i t m ore ,

d o ub tful o f succ e ss T he r e m o v a l o f t he pulp S h o uld b e f o l

.

l o w e d by the u su a l t re a tm e nt giv e n to a to o th a nd no a tte mp t ,

sh o uld b e m a d e to ch a nge t he c o l o r of the too th u ntil al l

c

e vid e nc e s O f p u tr e f ac tio n h a v e b e e n re m o v e d which will b e ,

m a nife ste d i n the a b se nc e o f the o d o r of d e c o mp o si ti on .

I f thi s p re limi na ry p ro ce ss ha s b e e n sati sfa ctor ily c o nducted ,

t he ne x t ste p will b e t h a t o f filli ng the c a na l a t i ts upp e r

t hi rd G old is cl a im e d to b e the b e st m ate ri a l f or t hi s T he
. .

qu e sti o n m ay b e a sk e d why fill the u pp e r thi r d ? B e c a u se i t i s

,

a b so lu te ly ne c e ssa ry f o r succ e s s t h a t t he r oo t S h o uld b e bl e a ch e d

a s w e ll a s t he c r o w n I t mu st b e re m e mb e re d t h a t t he pulp
.

cha mb e r r e qui re s the sa m e c a re ful tr e a t m e nt a s th at giv e n to

t he c a na l I t mu st b e t h o ro ughly cl e a nse d of a l l d e b r i s to i ts
.

full e st e x te nt a nd th a t i n the i nci sor s and cu spid te e th i s

, , ,

a lm o st t o t he e na me l li ne o f t he cu tt i ng e d g e
'
H a vi ng p ro .

c ee de d t hu s f ar t he c ase i s no w p r e p ar e d f o r the fu rt h e r p ro c e ss
,

o f bl e a chi ng .

T he ne x t p o i nt t o b e c o nsid e re d i s the i nser ti o n o f the

m ate r i a l B e fo re t hi s i s a t te m p te d t he c ana l s a nd c ro w n sh ould
.

b e w e ll w a sh e d w i t h a so lu t i o n o f e t h e r b o ra x sodium bic ar , ,

b o na te o r a mm o ni a to r e m o v e f a tty m a tte r
, ,
I t sh o uld t h e n b e .

w e l l w a sh e d wi t h di still e d a qu a T he to o t h i s t h e n d r i e d the
.
,

r ubb er da m h a vi ng b e e n a ppli e d a t t he b e gi nni ng o f t he Op e r a

ti on. There are se v e ra l m e th o d s o f b r i ngi ng the a cid u se d in

c o nne c ti o n w i th the lim e Thi s a pp are ntly si m pl e m a tte r i s
.

r e a lly qui te di fficul t O ne p r o c e ss i s to sa tu ra te the e nt i re

.
,
.

c a na l a nd pu l p ch a m b e r wi th the a ci d b e fo re i nse rti ng the

chl o ri n a t e d lim e A no th e r is to dip the i nstrum e nt i nto t he
.
,

w e a k a cid soluti on a nd th e n i nto the li m e a nd p a ck ra pidly i nto ,

the c a vi ty ; a nd st ill a no t h e r i s to m a k e a p a ste by the u se o f ,

di still e d a qu a a nd p a ck thi s i n the to o th a nd th e n a pply a ,

stro ng e r a cid by m e a ns o f c o tto n w ra pp e d a ro u nd the p o i nt

u se d Th e re a re difficul ti e s a tte ndi ng a l l th ese m o de s T he
. .

p o i nt d e si re d mu st b e k e p t c o nsta ntly i n vi e w th a t o f h a vi ng —

a cid suffici e nt a nd o f p ro p e r st re ng th t o b r e a k up the c o mp o u nd

a nd se t f re e t he chl o ri ne u se d a nd t o p r e se r v e a s much as p o ssi

,

b l e of the l a t te r f o r bl e a chi ng B e fo re c o mm e nci ng the p a ck

.
1 50 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN TI S TR Y .

i ng, .
e v e ry thi n
g Sh o uld b e re a dy ,
So t he c a vi ty can be se a e l d at
o nce .

C o nv e ni e nc e of a d a p t at i o n mu st go v ern the ch o ic e of the

m a te ri a l u se d f o r cl o si ng the c a vi ty G u tta p er ch a oxy pho s .
-

ph a te o r o xy chlo rid e O f z inc m ay b e u se d wi th go o d re sul ts but ,

the zi nc pre par a ti o ns a r e h a r d e r t o re m o v e t h a n the gu tta

' '
'

p er ch a A f te r se a li ng t he Ca vi ty the t o oth mu st b e l e f t f o r a
.
,
.

"

d ay or tw o O n t he r e tu r n o f the p a t i ent r e m o v e a l l o f t he
.
,

a ppl ic a t i o n, a v o idi ng the nse o f ste e l i nst rum e nts Sy r i nge

'

o u t the c a na l wi t h di st ill ed a qu a I f the bl e a chi ng ha s no t .

‘

g on e f ar e no ugh a S e c o nd a pplic a t i o nmu st b e m a d e a nd t hi s b e

, ,
’

r e e ate d until a sa ti sf a c tor y r esul t i s o b ta i ne d

p T he i mp orta nc e
‘ ‘

o f u si ng di still e d w a te r mu st b e i nsi st e d up o n T he r e a son f or .

th i s mu st b e a pp a re nt f o r i n m a ny w a t e rs t he mi ne r a l s h e ld I n
so lu t i o n e s e ci a ll
p , y t h o se imp re gna te d wi t h I ro n will d e f e a t t he ,

d e si re d O bj ect .

T he imm e di a te bl e a chi ng e ff e c t wil l b e o b se r v e d o n t he l o w e r

t hi r d O f the t oo t h wh e r e the d e nt i ne i s the thi nne st I n the .

m aj ori ty o f ca se s t hi s wil l b e e ff e c te d by o ne a ppli ca ti o n T he .

‘

gr e a t est tr oubl e will b e f o u nd a t the gi ngiv a l b ord e r H e re the .

d e nt i ne i s v e ry thick and i t will b e ,

w or k and i n so m e ,

c ase s e nd i nfa ilu re to re stor e nor m al c o l o r T he gre a t O b j e c

'

.
,

t i o n m a d e t o t hi s o p e r a t i o n i s t h a t t he t o o t h will re di sc o l o r
,
-

b u t if the sub se qu e nt Op e ra t i o ns are p r o p er ly p e rfor m e d thi s ,

d ange r will b e r e d uce d to a mi nimu m T he fac t th at d e ntine is .

p e rm e ate d by pulp p rol o nga t i ons t h r o ugh ou t the ti ssu e i nc re a se s ,

t he di ffi cul ty o f bl e a chi ng a nd a l so i nc r ea se s the li a bili ty o f a

,

re t u r n o f di sc ol o r a t i o n ; b u t if t he o xid a ti o n o f the so f t c o nte nt s

o f the t ub e s ha s b e e n p r o p e rly e ffe c t e d a nd t h e n a n a g e nt u se d .

t o fi l l t he c a na l a nd a l so ac t di re c t ly up o n t hi s mic r o sc o pic
,

t i ssu e t h er e i s bu t li ttl e r e a son t o f e a r a r e t u r n o f di sc o l ora t i o n

,
.

T he Op e ra ti o n S i m pl e as i t i s r e qui re s cl o se a tte nti o n t o d e ta il s

, ,

a nd a cl e a r c o mp r e h e nsi o n O f p o ssibl e re sul t s

“

T he t o o th h a vi ng b e e n r e stO I e d t o a go od c o l o r t he nex t co n ,
.

S id e ra t i o n I s the p rope r filli ng t o pl a c e I n i t I n t hi s c o nne c ti on .

the b e fore m e nti o ne d f a c t st ill I e m a i ns a n imp o r tant f a c to r th a t

the tubuli a r e st ill fill e d w i t h d e c o mp o sa bl e m a tter T o a ll o w .

t hi s t o r e m a i n wi th o u t a t te nt i o n t o fu tu re c o nt i ng e nci e s mu st ,
 SO C IE T IE S . 151

re s ul t in e v e ntu a l fa ilu re T o e fl e c t a ny o o d re sul ts the a nti .

0f
b

s e p t ic mu st no t o nly o p e ra te i n t he m a i n c a na l b u t p e ne t ra t e ,

d e e ply i nto the mi nu te r c o ndui ts Thi s qu ali ty is p o sse sse d i n a .

re m ar k a bl e d e g re e by chl o r id e o f zi nc a nd m a i nt a i n s t he sa m e ,

e ff e c t wh e n c o mbi ne d wi t h the o xid e of zi nc f o r mi ng the ,

o xychl o r id e o f zi nc T he c a na l a nd pulp ch a mb e r S h o uld b e

.

th o ro ughly fill e d with t hi s p aste or i t i s b e t te r t o li ne t he , ,

wh ol e ca vi ty wi th i t a nd th en fi ni sh wi th the o xyph osph a te ,

‘

u si ng gu tta pe rc ha a t the c e r vic a l m a I gin .

Chl ori ne a cts a s a b l e a chi ng a ge nt by re a so n o f i ts stro ng

a ffi ni ty f or hy dro g e n; V e g e ta bl e a nd a nim a l c o l o r s w he n b r o ugh t
i n c onta ct wi th chl o r i ne I n the p re se nc e o f w a te r i s se iz e d u p o n
"

by the chl o r i ne a nd the o xyge n se t f re e o xidi z e s the c o l o r a nd

, ,

d e stroy s it Chl or i ne i n t hi s c a se a cti n

.
g i n di re c tly as an o x idiz

i ng ag e nt .

I f y o u wi sh to try t o bl e ach m ore ra pidly a so lut i o n O f o x a li c ,

a cid i s u se d t o lib e ra t e the chl o r i ne O x a lic a cid i s more rapi d .

th a n e i t h e r t a r ta r ic o r a c e t ic .

Sulphu ro u s a cid i s sa id to b e a go o d bl e a chi ng a gent a nd a c ts ,

b y a ne nti re ly diff e re nt m e th o d f ro m chl ori ne I t i s th e re fo re .

o f g re a t i nte re st f ro m a ch e mi c a l p o i nt o f Vi e w
'

A S b e f o re m e nti o ne d chl o r i ne a ct s a s a bl e a ch i ng a g e nt by
,

re a so n o f i ts stro n a ffi nity f o r hy dI o e n Sulphu r o u s a cid o n

‘ '

g g .
,

t he co ntI a ry i s a r e duci ng a g e nt by re a so n o f i t s a ffi ni ty f o I
,

o xyg e n i n c o mbi n
, i ng wi th which it b e c o m e s sulp hu r L O a cid
D O n t he ch e m
.

ica l cha r a cte I t h e r e f ore of the co l O I ing m atter , ,

d e p e nd s the ch o ice o f the a ge nt to b e use d '

Chl or i ne S h o uld b e u se d wh e n the c o l o r i s a n o xidiz a bl e co m

‘

p o u nd o r rich i n hyd ro g e n : whil e sulphu ro u s a cid sh o uld b e

,
-

u se d m ore particul arl y i n sub sta nc e s highly o xidiz e d a nd c a p a bl e

'

o f b e i ng r e duc e d .

Th e re a re a g re a t m a ny diffe re nt a ge nts u se d f o r the bl e a c hi ng

o f the t e e th b u t I will no t c o nsum e a n m o re o f y o u r v a lu a bl e
, y
t im e a s I fi nd t h a t my p a p e r i s a l re a dy qui t e l e ng thy
, .

D R W N MORRI S O N is v e ry p ro ud o f h is so n
. . .
, w ho c a rri e d
O ff the g o ld m e d a l a t the M i sso u r i D e nta l C o ll e g e .
1 52 A H I VE OF DEN T I T Y
TH E R C S S R .

INC I D E N T S AN D A CCI D ENTS OF OFFI C E PRACTI C E .

*

B Y H H KEI T H . LOUI
.
,
ST . S .

Th e re a re no m or e u se ful l e sso ns th an t h o se conta i ne d in the

i ncid e nts a nd a ccid e nts of O ffi ce p ra c t ic e I f w e do not co m -
. .

m uni ca te t he k no wl e dge g a i ne d the e v e nt i s limi te d to the ,

i ndividu a l N o t a l o ne sh o uld w e re c or d o u r succ e sse s a nd

.

a pp ar e nt a chi e v e m e nt s t h a t w e m a
y st i m ul a te t he e ne rgy of
,

t he y o u nge r m e mb e rs of o u r p r o f essi o n b ut a s fa i thfully r e a d ,

the story o f o u r f a ilu re s .

I n 1 877 S
,
a bo
“
y o f t e n y ears o f a ge w as p re se nte d
.

wi t h a m e si a l c orne r o f the r igh t sup e r i or c e ntra l i nci so r b ro k e n

i n such a m a nne r t h a t the pulp t h o ugh no t e xp o se d ha d di e d , ,
.

T he t o o th w as much di sc o l or e d a b sc e sse d a nd v e ry l o ose A , ,

.

f e w d a y s tre at m e nt su ffic e d t o b ri ng the te e th i nto a co mfor ta bl e

"
’
c o ndi ti o n wh e n t he b o y s vi si ts c e a se d S o m e t im e e l a p se d .
,

wh e n b e ne x t c a m e the to oth w a s e l onga te d full y o ne h alf the -

l e ngth O f cro w n T he gum s p r e se nte d a m o st u nf a v ora bl e

.

a pp e a ra nc e a nd e x tra c t i o n w a s a t o nc e p r o no u nc e d as the o nl y
,

p ro p er t re a tm e nt A t t he e a r ne st so lici tat i on of the b oy s

.
’

m o th e r thi s w as d e fe rre d u nt il t he ne xt day a nd such tre atm e nt ,

a ppli e d a s the c a se se e m e d t o i ndic a te Ju st h e re it m ay be .

w e ll to say th at e xpl orati o n sh o w e d the r o ot w as no t fully

d e v e l op e d the c a na l b e i ng qui te l a rg e a nd funne l sh a p e d S O
,
-
.

m ark e d w a s the imp ro v e m e nt t he ne x t day th a t al l i d e a o f ,

e x t ra c t i o n w a s di sm i sse d a nd t he r oo t w a s fi na lly fill e d w i t h

,

gu tta p e r ch a
-
A t e mp o rary filli ng of o xyphosph a te w as th en
.

i nt ro duce d a nd a ll o w e d t o re m a i n f or tw o y e ars Th e n the

,
.

c o ntou r w a s re sto re d wi th go ld Thi s fil l i ng wa s a ga i n r e pl a c e d .

si x y e a rs l a te r wi t h a no th e r O f g o ld which re m a i ne d t o w i t hi n a ,

sh o r t tim e a o wh e n a p o r c e l a i n f a c e d c ro w n t oo k i ts pl a c e
g ,
.

D e fe r ri ng e x t ra c ti o n t o the ne x t day has sa v e d t hi s to o t h f oi

t hi r te e n y e ar s so f ar wi t h p ro sp e ct s o f m a ny y e ars v a lu a bl e
,

se r vi ce y e t .

T he se co nd c a se i s that o f a r igh t i nfer i or se co nd m o l ar a r o o t

fill e d wi t h gutta p er cha b e i ng a ll ow
,

—
e d t o fill pulp ch a mb e r o n ,

which w a s pl a c e d a g o l d fil li ng F e br u ary I n 1 887 t he

,

* R e ad b e f or e t h e S t . L o ui s D e nt al S o c i e t y , Fe b . 1 8, 1 890 .
 SO C IE T IE S . 1 53

ge ntl e m a n c o mpl a i ne d of di sc o mf o rt b ut it w a s so m e tim e b e f ore ,

the c a u se w a s a sc e r ta i ne d T he to o th ha d b e e n spli t t h r o ugh i ts

.

a nt e ro l po st e rio r l e ng th t he f ra c t u re t e r m i na t i ng ni ne six te e nt h s
,
-

o f a n i nch b e l o w t he p o i nt o f t he c ro w n 0 11 the li ngu a l S id e ,

.

T he f ra c t u re d pi e c e w a s re m o v e d a nd t he gum p r e sse d o u t ,

by m e a ns o f gu tta p e rch a to giv e a b e tte r Vi e w of the re m a i ni ng

-

ro o t. I t w a s fi na lly d e cid e d to a tt e mp t to r e store t he t e e th by

m e a ns o f a b and a nd c ro w n T he f ra g m e nt re m o v e d w a s u se d
.

a s a m o d e l f ro m which di e s w e r e m a d e o n which w as str uck a ,

pi e c e re p re se nt i ng t he l o st p ar t h a vi ng e x te nsi o ns suffici e ntly

,

l o ng to e nci r cl e the re m a i ns o f the c ro w n Thi s wh e n a dj u ste d .

,

i n p o si t i o n w a s p a r tly fill e d up o n the i nsid e wi th gu tta p e r ch a

,
-
.

A p orce l a i n cu sp c ro w n w a s t h e n a rra ng e d to a nta goniz e the

p er i or t ee th Fo r a t im e e v ery t hi ng se e m e d t o go w e ll A
. .

li ttl e i nfl a m ma t i on a b o u t the m ar gi n o f the gum up on t he li ngu a l

sid e i nste a d o f d e c r e a si ng sudd e nly gr e w w o r se a nd p u s w a s
, ,

f o r m e d a t the p o i nt of divi si o n O f the ro o ts Thi s fi nally .

yi e ld e d to t re a t m e nt a nd ne w the t o ot h i s a pp are ntly in p e rfe c t

,

h e a l th T he c a u se o f t hi s f ra c tu re a pp ears to h a v e b e e n e l a s
.

ti city o f t he gu tta p er ch a u nd e r t he p r e ssur e o f t he g o ld filli ng

-

,
.

C a se 3 E W : a b oy O f ni ne te e n y e a rs O f age had b ro k e n
—
.
, ,

a p o i nt o ff the r igh t sup e r i o r c e nt ra l i nci sor no t qui te e xp o si ng ,

the ne r v e which sub se qu e nt ly di e d

, T he a ccid e nt o ccu rre d .

so m e fi v e y e a rs p re vi o u s t o hi s Vi si t t o m e
. T he c a na l w a s .

f o u nd l a rge a nd fu nne l sh a p e d a nd w a s t re a te d in t he f oll o wi ng

-

m a nne r : T he l o w e r p o rti on w a s e nl a r ge d a trifl e m o re t h a n the

di a m e te r a t the a p e x A pi e c e o f l e a d w a s t h e n i nt ro duc e d
.
,

a nd f o u nd t o e x te nd t o t he t o p by a ccu ra te m e a su re m e nt I II .

o rd e r t o p ro duc e a n a ccu ra te a d a p ta t i o n o f the l e a d t o t he su r

ro u ndi ng w a ll s a t the a p e x t he l e a d w a s re duc e d wi t h fi ne sa nd

,

p a p e r the sc ra tch e s o f the sa nd b e i ng p a ra ll e l to t he l o ng a xi s

,

o f t he t o o th Wh e n the l e a d w a s f or c e d i nto pl a c e th e se fi ne
.
,

r idg e s c o uld b e se e n to b e fl a tte ne d wh e n e x a mi ne d wi th a

m ag nifyi ng gl ass a nd a n a dj u stm e nt c o nti nu e d in thi s m a nne r
, ,

u nt il the l e a d w a s f o u nd to cl ose the a pic a l f o ra m e n c o mpl e te ly .

T he filli ng w a s c o mpl e te d wi t h gu tta p e rch a a nd a p o r c e l a i n -

c ro w n w a s m o u nte d u p o n the ro o t Thi s ha s re m a i ne d in a .

fa v o ra bl e c o ndi ti o n up to th e p re se nt tim e a b o u t a y e a r a nd ,

a h a lf .
1 54 TH E A R C HI V E S OF DE N T T I S R Y .

C as e 4 i s t h a t of a c e ntra l i nci so r pulp d e st roy e d ca nal

, , ,

fill e d in which a H o w e sc re w p o st w a s u se d a s an a nch or to

,
-
‘

se cu r e a l arg e co nto u r fi l l in S o m e t im e a f t e r t he toot h b e g a n

g .
,

t o S h o w a d e cid e dly g r e e n di sc o l o ra t i o n ne a r t he ne ck which , ,

g ra du a lly e x te nd e d t h ro ugh o u t the c row n T he filli ng w as re .

m o v e d a nd r e pl a c e d h ow e v e r u si ng a scre w o f si l ver a nd
‘

, ,

pl ati num i nst e ad I h a ve h ere tw o S p ec im e ns of ro ots i n which

.

t he H o w e p ost has b e e n u se d a nd h a v e se e n tw o o t h e r c a ses ,

i n t he m o u th the sa m e g re e n sta i n a pp e ar i ng i n a l l :
,

Wh e n t he H ow e p o st w a s pu t up o n the m a rk e t by the Whi te

M anuf a c tu ri ng C o mp any t h e i r a ge nts re fu se d to te ll of wh a t
-

m e ta l t h e y w e re m a de b ut g a v e the i mp re ssi on th at t h e y w e re
,
!

so m e f or m o f pl a t i num a nd i r idiu m a ll oy Th e y pr o v e d ho w .
,

e v e r to h av e b e e n m a d e o f ch ro m e st e e l B e sid e s the di sa gr e e '

, .

a bl e di sc o l o r a t i o n of a l l t h e se r o ot s I a m i ncli ne d to the b e li e v e ,

th a t t he ch ro m e sal t f or m e d a c ts a s a co nst a nt i rr i ta nt to t he
'
'

p er ide nta l or d e nta l m e mb r ane a nd will re sul t u l t im at e ly in the

-

l oss o f the to o th .

C a se 5 I n thi s c ase the l e f t sup e r i or se co nd bicu spid w as

-

d e v i t a liz e d and b e c a m e di sc ol ore d T he ge ntl e m an w ho w a s .

'

’
the l a dy s d ent i st a t t he t im e d e si r i ng t o i mp ro v e t he a pp ear
-

a nc e O f the t o o t h r e m o v e d t he d e nt i ne e x te nsiv e ly o n t he l a bi a l
,

su r f a c e a nd p r o c e e d e d t o fill wi t h g o ld
,
Wh e n the toot h ca m e .

i nto m y h and s f or tre a t m e nt I f o u nd the p art o f the filli ng ,

a g a i nst t he li ngu a l w a ll w e ll c o nd e nse d b u t th a t a g a i nst the ,

f ra il l a bi a l w a ll qui te so ft a nd t hi s p ort i on of the fil li ng had

,

l e a k e d and the to o th w a s aga i n di sc o l o re d sh o wi ng t h a t i n

, ,

o rd e r t o a v o id u ndu e p r e ssu r e o n t he thi n e na m e l w a ll i nsu ffi ,

ci ent f or c e had b e e n a ppli e d to c o nde nse the go ld Wo uld i t no t .

h a v e b e e n b e tte r i n thi s c a se , a nd i n f a ct i n al l S imil ar c ase s to ,

h a v e sa c rific e d so m e wh a t the a pp e aranc e o f the t o oth a nd m a d e a

m o re p e r m a ne nt filli ng by the r e m o va l of al l th a t p or ti on O f the
e na m e l whic h w a s li a bl e t o f r a c t u re .

C ase 6 i s o ne o f t h o se mi sta k e s i n di ag no si s which a r e li a bl e

,

to o ccu r i n a lm o st a ny p r a c t ic e Mi ss E p re se nte d h e rse lf wi th

. .

e v e ry a pp e a r a nc e o f a n a b sc e sse d r igh t su p e r i or se co nd m o l a r a
'

l a rge sa c p ro tr udi ng i nto the m o u th o pp osi t e the p al at i ne ro ot ,

.

T he t o o th w a s so e xt r e m e ly l oo se a nd S O so re t h a t t he p a t i e nt
 SO C IE T IE S . 1 55

w o uld no t a ll o w i t to b e Op e ne d T he a b sc e ss sa c w a s o p e ne d
.

a nd sy r i ng e d o u t a nd t w o d a y s l a te r the so re ne ss o f the t o o th
,

ha d su ffi ci e ntly sub sid e d to peI m i t the I e m o v al O f the filli ng .

D I il l ing to w a rd t he pulp clI a m b e I a shO I t di sta nc e d e v e l o p e d , ,

t he f a c t th at the to o t h c o nta i ne d a livi ng ner v e T he r e sul t o f .

thi s c a se S h o w ed th a t t he a b sc e ss w a s c a u se d by the l o dg e m e nt
o f a f ra m e nt o f a w oo d e n t oo thpick b e t w e e n the fi r st a nd
\

g
se c o nd m ol a r .

Ane th ol c a se in my o wn m o uth T he se cond l e ft su pe r iO I

,
.

m o l a r had f or y e ars sto o d a l o ne whic h f a cili ta te d a t h o ro ugh

,

cl e a nsi ng up o n al l sid e s : I w a s t h e re fo r e so m e wh a t su rp r i se d a t
wh a t a ppeare d t o b e the d e v e l o pm e nt O f a ca se of py orrh oea
a lv e o l a r i s T he to ot h c o nt i nu e d sore b e c o mi ng l o o se r u ntil i ts
I em
.
,

o v a l w as a ne c e ssi ty N e u ralgi a and a l l the symp to ms of a

.
,

dyi ng p u lp had b e e n pI e se nt f or th r e e m o nth s O n e x tra ct i ng .

the t e e th the ne rv e w a s fo u nd t o b e a liv e a nd no t much co n ,

g e ste d T he thI e e I oo ts w e re a b sor b e d u p on t h e i r I nne r su rf a c e s

. .

E xpl orati o n o f the so ck e t re v e al e d the fa ct th a t a p o rti on of the

p ro c e ss e ncl o se d by the th re e ro o t s ha d b e e n e nti re ly a b so r b e d .

A s the so ck e t did no t cl o se i n the u su a l t im e I m a d e a n e x a m i

"

na t i o n a nd the p ro b e r e v e a l e d the p re se nc e O f t he m i ssing w i s

'

d o m t o o th T he t o ot h ha s st ill Co nt i nu e d t o c o m e d o w n b u t has
.
,

no t y e t r e a ch e d the gum li ne .

A noth e r c a se i n my o wn m o u th i s o f i nte re st : the re sul t of

w ea ri ng a w e dge f or th re e w e e k s b e tw e e n the fi rst m ol a r a nd the
se c o nd bi c u spid o n the r igh t sid e
,
S o m e t im e a f te r t he to o th
.

w a s fill e d t he fi rst bicu spid b e c a m e se nsi tiv e to h e a t a nd c o ld

, ,

a nd sh o we d symp t o m s of p e r id e nta l i nfl a mm a ti o n H ad a .

p a ti e nt c o m e t o m e de scI ib i ng the c o ndi ti o ns o f t hi s te e th I ,

t hi nk I sh o uld h a v e a t o nc e d r ill e d i nto i t a nd a ppli e d the ,

a I se ni c but a s i t w as i n my o w
, n m o u th I did no thi ng ; a nd f o r
fif te e n m o nth s thi s t o o th g a v e m o re 0 1 l e ss t I o u bl e b ut fi na lly ,

t h e se di sa g re ea bl e symp to m s sub sid e d a nd t he t o o t h is no w ,

a pp a r e ntly p e rf e c tly w e ll .

D R . G L . . CURT I S
Sy ra cu se ha s b e e n a c ti ng a s D r G ar re tt
,
of , .

’
so n s a ss i sta nt i n o ra l su rg e ry thi s wi nte r i n P hil zu l e l hia
p , .
 TH E A R C H I V E S OF DE N T I S T R Y .

C AMP HO P H E N I Q U E -

.
*

BY J . W . D O W NEY M D S TA T E C EN T RE IO WA
,
. .
, , .

M r P r esi d ent an d G entl em a n

.

C a mph o phe niqu e i s a ger micide a nd a nti se p tic o r no thi ng th e r

-

a p e uti cal l
y c o nsid e r e d ; a nd di scu ssi ng i ts p ro p e r ti e s ne c essa r ily
o p e ns t he e nt i re subj e c t o f g e r micid e s a nd a nt i se p tic s a subj e c t ,

f ra ugh t wi th p e r il to the w r i te r o r sp e a k e r e sp e ci a lly if he i s ,

no t a p r a c t ic a l ch e mi st p a t h o l o gi st a nd mic r o sc o pi st
.

, , .

Nothi ng i n p ath ol ogy i s b e tte r e sta bli sh e d th an the fa ct th at

c e rta i n mic ro sc o pic ge r m s c a u se di sease and no p o i nt in t h e ra ,

pe uti cs i s b e tte r k no w n t h an the fa c t t h a t a f e w d r ug s will ,

wi t hi n the limi t O f saf e ty de stro y th e se ge r m s and thu s m o st , ,

e ff e c t u a lly cu re o r p re v e nt di se a se .

I n d e cidi ng w hich ge r micid e or a nt i se p t i c to u se the d e nt i st ,

sh o uld e nqui r e l st which i s the m o st e ffe ct u a l ; 2d w hich i s

, , ,

the sa f e st ; 3d w hich i s t he m o st a gr e e a bl e to the p a t i e nt

,
To .

a nsw e r t he fi rst qu e st i on w e mu st i nqui re o f the e x pe ri me n

te r . D r F ra nk L J a m e s e di to r o f the S t L ou i s M edi ca l
. .
, .

a p a th o l o gi st a nd micr o sc o pi st o f l ar ge
'

an d S w i ca l Jou r na l
g ,

e xp e r i e nc e has d e te r mi ne d by a se r i e s o f o v e r e igh ty c ul t u re s
, ,

c arr i e d o n du ri ng the summ e r t im e c o v e r i ng a p e r i o d of tw o ,

m onth s th a t ca mph o phe ni qu e pu re i s e qu a l to 1 to 85 O f

,
-

, ,

bic hl or id e O f m e r cu ry wh ich i s six t im e s a s strong a s i t can b e

,

u se d e ve n on the u nb ro k e n S ki n a nd a b o u t 2 5 t im e s a s strong ,

a s i s c o nsid e re d sa f e o n cu t su r f a c e s .

I h av e pu rp o se ly o mi tte d co mp ari so n wi th oth er drugs of thi s

cl a ss a s the bichl or id e w a s by f ar the m o st e ffe ctu a l o f a ny in
,

ge ne ra l use b e fo re the i nt ro duc t i on of c a mph o phe niqu e -

I f th e se figu re s are c o rre ct t h ey a nsw e r the first qu e"sti o n ,

.

C e rta i nly if c a m plI O phe niqu e i s f ro m 6 t o 2 5 t i me s a s e fle ctu a l

,
-

a s a sa f e so lu t i o n o f b i chl o r id e O f m e r cu r y t h e n i t S h o uld h a v e ,

the p re f e re nc e i n a l l c ase s wh e r e i t i s a pplica bl e T o the se c o nd .

p o i nt which i s the saf e st ge r micid e w e al l sho ul d b e c o mp e t e nt

, ,
‘

wi tne sse s T he m er cu r ic bichl or id e i s k no w n to b e a vi ru l e nt

.

p o i son a nd t h e re for e ra nk s l o w e st in thi s re sp e ct wi th c a rb oli c

, ,

a cid cl o se ly f o ll o wi ng i t C a mph o phe nique i s a b solu te ly f re e

.
-

*R
e ad b e f ore t h e E a st e r n, I o wa ,
D e nt al S oc i e t y , J a n 1 4 , 1890 . .
 SO C I E T I E S .

f ro m to xic o r c a u stic p ro p e rti e s Thi s I h a v e ha d f re q ue nt o p .

p o rtu nit y to p ro v e a nd I I O d o ub t m a ny ge ntl e m e n p re se nt h a v e

,

ha d a s imil a r e xp e r i e nc e A ppl i e d to the u nb ro ke n ski n it pro

.

duc e s no se nsa ti o n wh a te v e r O n c ut su rfa c e s th e re i s a sligh t

.

bu rni ng se nsa ti o n wh e n fi rst a ppli e d f o ll o w e d by anae sth e si a ,

.

B e i ng no n p o i so no u s no n i rri ta nt ca nI pl I O phc niqu e ra nk s fi rst

-

,
-

,
-

a s a sa f e g e r micid e .

N e w t o t he t hi rd p o i nt which is the m o st a g r e e a bl e
,
T he .

b ra ssy m e ta llic t a ste o f the bichl o r id e i s i nto l e ra bl e t he taste ,

a nd sm e ll o f c ar b o lic a cid a nd c r e o so te a re di sa g re e a bl e t o m o st

p e o pl e a nd the o d o r a nd m e a g re a nt i se p ti c p ro p e rt i e s o f i o d o
,

fo r m S h o uld b a ni sh i t f ro m the o p e ra ti ng ro o m C a mph o .

h e niq ue ha s a pl e a sa nt Od o r a nd a g r e e a bl e t a st e t hi s sh o u l d
p ,

e sta b li sh i ts cl a im a s the m ost a g re e a bl e g e r micid e I h a ve .

e t t o h e a r the fi r st p a t i e nt c o mpl a i n o f i t s Od o r o r t a ste

y .

Fro m the f oreg o i ng d ata I a m l e d to c o nclud e

l st . Th a t wh e n u se d pu r e a nd u ndilu te d c a mph o phe niqu e i s ,
—

o ne o f t he m o st e ffici e nt a nd r e li a bl e g er mi cid e s a nd a nti se p t ic s .

2d. B e i ng no n p o i so no u s a nd no n i rri t a nt it i s p e rfe c tly sa f e

— -

, .

3d. I t is the m o st a g re ea bl e to the p a ti e nt of a ny d rug of its

cl a ss.

I a m gl a d to k no w th a t I a m no t a l o ne i n th e se c o nclu si o ns .

P ro f J F o ste r F l a gg w ri ti ng 0 11 t hi s subj e c t i n t he July

. .
,

numb e r o f t he Cosm os sa id W h e n i t i s k no w n t h at it i s a
, ,
“

no ta bl e g e r micid e a n e ffici e nt a nt i se p t ic a no n i rri ta nt a d e

, ,
-

cid e d l o c a l a naesth e t ic no n p o i so no u s i nso lubl e i n w a te r or glyc

,
-

e r i ne d oe s no t di sc o l or o r sta i n i s p o sse sse d O f a n a g re e a bl e

‘

, ,

o d o r a nd no di sa g re e a bl e t aste a nd m a i nta i ni ng a n u nch a ng e d,

i nte gri ty i t will a t o nc e b e r e c o g niz e d a s w o nd e rfully a d a p te d

,

t o a l a r g e p ro p or ti o n o f d e nt o p a th o l o gic a l c o ndi ti o ns f ro m -

,
‘

se nsi tivi ty o f d e nti ne t h r o ugh t he v a ryi ng c o ndi t i o ns O f pulp

i rri ta t i o n pulp d e vi ta liz a t i o n p e ric e m e nta l i rri ta ti o n a lv e o l a r

, , ,

a b s c e ss a nd c ar i e s a nd ne c ro si s o f c o nt igu o u s o sse o u s s t ruc tu re s

, ,

a nd th a t t hu s i t mu st ra nk a s o ne o f t he m o st if no t the m o st ,

v a lu a bl e p o lych re st which d e nti st ry p o sse sse s .

”

I t se e m s to m e th a t t hi s e ndo rse I I I e nt f ro m a i fl C l l P l a nd ‘ ‘

a u t h o r O f such a ck no wl e dg e d a bili ty a s D r F l a gg o ugh t to .

,

pl a c e c a mph o phe niq ue in t he a rm a m e nta rium o f e v e ry d e nti st

—
1 58 TH E A R C HIVE S OF DEN T I S TR Y .

i n the l and A nd ne w a w o rd o n i ts sp e ci a l u se s a nd I a m
.
,

t h ro ugh .

F i rst a nd fo re m o st a s a pulp c anal d re ssi ng i n the v a rio u s .

p ath ol o gica l c ondi ti o ns f ro m r e c e nt d e vi ta liz at i o n to a lve ol a r

,

a b sc e ss. H e re i t will ta k e the pl a ce of c o rrosiv e sublim ate ca r ,

b o l i c a cid c r eo so te o il o f c assi a O il o f cl o v e s i o d o fo rm o r a ny
, , , , ,

g e rmicid e h e re tofo re u se d e xc e p t p e r o xid e of hyd rog e n I f

, .

t h oro ughly r ubb e d o n the gum o r i nj e c t e d wi t h a hyp o d e r mic

sy ri ng e i t a c t s e ffi ci e nt ly a s a l o c a l a nae st h e t ic no t e qu a l ho w
, ,

e v e r t o c o c a i ne b u t t h e re a re no c o nst i t u t i o na l e ffe ct s f o ll o wi ng
,

i t s u se a nd t h e re i s no d a ng e r o f t he t i ssu e s sl o ughi ng
, I t is
-
.

qui te e ffici e nt a s a n o b t u nd e r o f se nsi t iv e d e nt i ne .

T he v e ry di sag re e a bl e a ch e which so m e t im e s f o ll o w s t he e x
tra c t i o n o f a b sc e sse d te e t h is a lm o s t i nst a ntly re li e v e d by pl a ci ng
a pl e dg e t o f a b so r b e nt c o t to n sa t u ra t e d wi th c a mph o
phe ni qu e
-

d e e p in t he p a i nf ul so ck e t .

Th e se a re a f e w o f the chi e f u se s to which thi s ne w ca ndid a te

f or f a v o r c a n be a ppli e d ; o t h e r s will sugg e st t h e m se lv e s to e a ch
p ra c ti ti one r B e fo r e cl o sm g I w a nt to m e nt i o n its u se f or a
.

c ondi t i o n which i s no t i n the re a lm o f d e n t a l p a th o l o gy b u t ,

which i s a so u rc e of a nnoy a nc e t o e v e ry d e nt i st w ho u se s pl aste r

a nd h a r d w a t e r I re fe r to the c o ndi ti on ge ne ra lly k no wn a s
.

ch a pp e d h a nd s I t i s o ne o f t he nu m e ro us f orm s o f e cz e m a
.
,

a nd i s g re a t ly r e li e v e d by c a mph o
p h e ni q u e I u se
-

t he f o l
.

l o wi ng for mul a
a m lI O P he ni u e
3 C
6
p q
-

O il of C a d e ,

R o se C o sm o li ne ,

M S ig A pply f re qu e ntly
.
—
.

C a mph o phe nique sh o uld ne v e r b e mix e d wi t h w a te r o r glyc

-

e r i ne
. I t will mix i n a l l p ro p or ti o ns wi t h a lc o h ol e t h e r chl or o , ,

f o rm a nd al l fa tty sub stanc e s I n d e nt i stry it wil l se ld o m b e

,
.

ne c e ssa ry t o dilu te i t a t a l l G e ntl e m e n giv e it a tri a l a nd

.
, ,

wh e n y o u h a v e w e igh e d it i n the b a l anc e of e xp er i e nc e a nd

f o u nd i t w a nt ing w e will a ssi st y o u i n w r i ti ng i ts f ate up o n
,

t he w a ll .
 SO C I E T I E S . 1 5C
T

ETH ER A S AN
BY D R . A . C . KELLOGG ,
DE C ORAH ,
I A .

Fo r o ve r a qu a rte r
c e ntu ry e th e r a s a n a nae sth e tic ha s
of a , ,

sto o d a t the f ro nt o f a l l a naesth e ti c s a s the sa f e st m o st r e li a bl e , ,

a g e nt to u se i n a l l su r gic a l o p e ra ti o ns B e i ng a f a i thful a d v o .
.

c a te O f thi s t im e tri e d f r i e nd w hich has d o ne so muc h f o r

—
,

hum a ni ty a b r i e f d e sc r ip ti o n o f its qu ali ti e s a nd e ffe c ts will

,

c o nsti tu te the th e m e o f thi s p a p e r .

S ulphu r ic e th e r is p re p are d by di st illi ng a lc o h o l wi t h sulphu ric

a cid .For m a ny y e a r s a f te r i ts fi rst di sc o v e r y t he p ro f e ssi o n
w e re not a w are of i ts a naesth etic p ro p e rti e s b ut l o o k e d up o n it ,

a s a m e r e ch e m ic a l cu r i o si ty A mu si ng i ncid e nts are re l ate d of

.

m a ny w ho i nh a l e d i t f o r the e x hil e r a ti ng a nd i nto xic at i ng e ff e c ts

i t p r o duc e d B u t t o the l a te D r H o r a c e W e ll s i s p ro b a bly du e
. .

th e g ra t i t ud e w e t r ul v f e e l f o r g ivi ng t o t he p r o f e ssi o n i ts t r u e
a nae sth e t ic p ro p e rti e s I n the p a i nl e ss p e rf o r m a nc e o f a l l su r gic a l
,

o p e r a ti o ns no m a tt e r ho w se v e r e
,
Si nc e t h a t d a te i t i s u se d .

a lm ost e xcl u s iv e ly i n a l l the l e a di ng h o spi ta l s m e dic a l a nd ,

d e nta l c o ll e g e s t h ro ugh o u t t he l a nd .

V e ry f e w d e a t h s h a v e b e e n re p o rte d f ro m i ts a dm i ni st ra ti o n ,

a nd i nd e e d if t h a t p ro p e r c a r e a nd k no wl e dg e o f t he a e nt b e
, , g
u se d to g e th e r wi th a pu re a rticl e a nd a n i nte llig e nt u nd e r
, ,

sta ndi ng o f t he p a t h o l o gic a l c o ndi t i o n o f t he p a t i e nt t he d e a th ,

ra t e w o uld si nk t o a mi nimum a nd I d o ub t no t t h a t if a d e a t h
,

s h o u l d o ccu r a f te r a l l t h e se p r e c a u t i o ns i t s t r u e r e a so n migh t
, ,

fi nd a n e xpl a na t i o n i n so m e o th e r c a u se .

I f i t is d e si re d to a naesth e tiz e a p a ti e nt t he m o st imp o rtant ,

t hi ng t o c o nsid e r i s the p o sse ssi o n O f a pu r e a r t icl e o f e the r .

’
Th e re a re se ve ra l re li a bl e m a k e s Squibb s sulphu ric e th e r .
,

f or i nh a l a t i o n b e i ng o ne o f the m o st re li a bl e f o r u nif o r m pu ri ty
,

a nd f re e d o m f ro m h e a v y o il o f wi ne a c e t ic a cid fu se l O i l s ul , , ,

p h u r o u s a cid or e xc e ss o f w a ter a nd a lc o h o l
,
E v e ry Op e r a to r .

sh o uld a cqui re t he k no wl e dg e o f t e st i ng e th e r if i t c o nt a i n a n
y ,
.

o f t h e se a dul te ra t i o ns u si ng no ne f o r i nh a l a t i o n b u t t he pu re st
,

a r t icl e th a t ca n b e p ro cu re d Ju st h e re it m igh t b e w e ll to
.

sta te t h a t pu re sulphu ric o the r ha s a sp e ci fi c g ra vi ty O f

*
R e ad b e f ore th e E a ste r n I o wa D e nt a l S o i e ty , c J u
a n a ry 1 4 , 1 890
.
1 60 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN TI S TR Y .

b o il s a t 96 a nd ha s a d e nsi ty o f v a p o r 2 5 86 Thi s l a tte r f a c t

°
. .

sho uld b e b or ne I n mi nd a nd wh e n a dm i ni ste i e d I I I t he e v e ni ng

,

t he l a m p o r ligh t S ho uld b e k e p t a w a y f ro m t he i nha li ng a pp a

r a t u s a nd b o tt l e f o r e t h e r I S i nfl a mm a bl e se v e I a l a ccid e nts b e i ng
, ,

r e p o r te d wh e r e t hi s p re c a u ti o n w a s no t o b se r v e d .

T o i nsu re t he b e st r e sul t s f r o m e t h e r i t sh o uld not b e i nh a l e d

'

a f te r a full m e a l D r Tu rnbull re c o mm e nd s a lJ l S CU l t o r
. .

c ra ck e r a nd a gl a ss o f wi ne o r a t a bl e sp o onful o f b ra ndy h a lf
, ,

a n h o u r b e f o re a lw a y s a v o idi ng f o r se v e ra l h o u r s p r e vi o u sly
,

t he a nno y a nc e o f a full st o m a ch S e r i o u s c o mplic a t i o ns a nd

.

d e aths h a v e r e sul te d f ro m lump s a nd p art icl e s of i ndige st e d

f o o d b e c o mi ng l o dge d i n the tra ch e a a nd gl o tti s fr o m the act of ,

vo mi t i ng a s e th e r wi th m any p e opl e p ro duc e s v o mi ti ng a nd a

, , , ,

r e c e nt m e a l i s Of te n re p r o duc e d .

T he a pp ar a t u s f o r a dmi ni st e r i ng e t h e r i s v e ry S impl e c o nsi sti ng ,

i n a t o w e l o r ne w sp a p e r f o ld e d i n c o ne f o r m wi t h a m o i ste ne d ,

s o ng e a t t he a p e x t o r e c e iv e t he fluid Du r i ng t he fi rst p a r t of
p .

i nhal a ti o n it i s w e ll t o h o ld the c o ne a li ttl e di stanc e f ro m t he

’
p a t i e nt s fa c e tha t the fi rst f e w i nha l ati o ns m ay b e mix e d wi th
,

a t m o sp he r ic a ir o t h e r wi se a n o pp re sse d sm o t h e r e d f e e li ng m ay
, ,

p osse ss t he p a t i e nt Thi s f e e li ng ha ppily p a sses a w a y i n a f e w

.

m i nu te s a nd t he c o ne m ay b e h e ld cl o se t o t he fa ce b ri ngi ng
, ,

t he p a t i e nt u nd e r i t s i nflu e nc e as so o n a s p o ssibl e ; b e tte r r e sul t s

a r e o b t a i ne d t he a f te r e ff e c t s p a ss a w a y s oo ne r a nd t he re i s l e ss
,
-

, l

d a ng e r O f na u se a t ha n wh e n a dmi ni ste re d S l o wly ta ki ng a l o ng ,

t im e t o b r i ng t he p a t i e nt u nd e r i ts i nflu e nc e .

I t i s w e ll to o b se r v e t ha t the t e mp e ra t u re of the ro o m b e w a rm
a nd w e ll v e nt il a t e d a v o idi ng a l l d ra ugh t s
, T he p a t i e nt sh o ul d .

b e i n a r e cumb e nt p o si t i o n b ette r p e rf e c t ly h o r iz ont al a l l t igh t

—
,

g ar m e nt s a ro u nd t he w a i st a nd th ro a t sh o uld b e l o o se ne d all o w ,

i ng p e r f e c t f re e d o m t o th e o rg a ns O f re spi ra ti o n Wi th a fi ng e r
'
.

o n t he pul se a n e a r t o t he b re a t hi ng a nd a n e y e t o t he p a t i e nt
, ,

t he Op e ra t or i s t o j udg e wh e n a nae st h e si a i s c o mpl e te .

T he phy si o l o gi c a l a ct i o n p r o duc e d c a n b e summ e d in a f e w

w o rd s O b se r v at i o n sho w s th a t the fu nct i ons O f the c ere b rum
.

a r e a ff e c t e d fi rst ; ne x t t he a nte r i o r or m o t o r c e nte rs so on f a il

,

t o r e sp o nd t o m e c ha nic a l i rr i ta t i o n y e t the fu nc t i o ns o f the ,

m e dull a o bl o ng at a ( t he c e nte r o f re spi ra ti on) are p e r form e d

-

.
 SO C I E T IE S . 1 61

Thi s is the prO per sta g eto a ppr e ci a t e f o if the i nh a l a ti on b e ,

r
,

sti l l fu rth e r c a rr i e d o n t he se nso ry a nd fi na lly the m o t or fu nc

,

t i o ns of the m e dull a o bl o ng a ta a re i nv o lv e d a nd d e a th e nsu e s

-

f ro m p a ra ly si s of the re spi ra tory c e nt e r s .

I n c o nclu si o n I m u st no t f a il t o Ob se r v e th a t e th e r has a
,

p e culi ar a nd e xci t i ng e ff e ct o n the ge ni ta l o rgans a nd a p rud e nt ,

o p erato r will no t f a il to h a v e a t hi r d p a r ty p r e se nt th ro ugh o ut

a l l the p er i o d o f a naest h e si a o t h e r wi se hi s h o nor a nd r e put a ti o n

,

migh t b e f o re v e r bl a st e d by the e mph a tic a sse rti o ns O f so m e

fe m al e l a b or i ng u nd e r the unh a ppy d e lu si on of h a vi ng b e e n
i nj u re d b ey o nd re p a ra ti o n .

D I SC U SS ION OF D R ST O DD AR D S PA PER .
’

P OR C ELAIN FILLING S .
*

PR E SI D E N T
'

BR I GGS G ntl m n I thi nk w l l

—
e p e e ,
e a ar e ayi ng
m o re t ti on to p or c e l a i n filli ng s t h a n w e f orm e r ly did
at en . Si nc e
1 883 I h a v e ref e ri e d t o t h e m i n m y l e cture s a s o ne o f the
'

'

m e th o d s of p re se r vi ng the te e th a nd h a v e u se d t h e m i n my ,

p ra ctic e O ne p o i nt p a r ticul a rly i nt er e sti ng to m e i s the m e th o d

.

D r Sto dd ar d u se s o f p a cki ng the cl a y i nt o the pl a st er imp r es

.
,

si o n bi scuiti ng i t
,
t h e n re m o vi ng the su rro u ndi ng pl ast er and
,

fi ni shi ng the fu si ng I p re sum e it is b e cau se the carv er I

.

h a v e e mpl oy e d d oe s not do t hi s th a t he f a il s to giv e m e goo d

r e sul ts f ro m i r re gul ar imp re ssi o ns I im a gi ne he tri e s to t a k e .

th e m o ut whil e th e y are i n the cl a y a nd of co urse c a nno t , , ,

if the sh a p e s ai e pe c ul ia I .

D R SMI TH
. M y m e th o d of u si ng po rce l a i ns I S S O simil ar t o
—

wh a t D I Sto dd ar d has j u st p re se nt e d th a t my re m ark s will b e

.

l arg e ly a n e nd o rse m e nt O f his p a p e r I do o nly the o p era tiv e .

p a rt ; the l a b o ratory p ar t i s d o ne by my a ssi stant so I h a ve ,

o nly th a t p a r t r e qui r i ng t he sh a pi ng o f the c a vi ty a nd t a ki ng

the imp re ssi o n I h a v e a numb e r of qu e sti o ns I w a nt to a sk D r

. .

S to dd ard o nw orki ng his fu rna c e b u t th a t h a rdly c o m e s i n to ,

.

wh a t yo u w o uld c a ll di scu ssi o n I lik e the m e th o d I h a v e u se d .

,

*R e a d b e f ore H ar va rd O d o nt ol ogi c al c
S o i e ty , D e ce m b er 26 ,
1 889 .

AR CH IVE S , V ol V I I.
, p age 1 1 0 .
1 62 TH E A R C H I VE S OF DEN T I S TR Y .

th a t i s, taking imp re ssi on of the c a vi ty b a ki ng the e na m e l

an ,

I h av e a l so gro und
,

a nd se tt i ng i n c e m e nt o r gu tta pe r eha -
.
”

t h e m in and a s D r S to dd ar d say s i t i s a v ery difli e ul t t hi ng to

, ,
.
,

gr i nd t h e m i n e nt i re ly E v e n a v e ry l a rge ca vi ty wil l se e m
.

ve ry sm all wh e n yo u ge t the p or c e l a i n b e tw e e n y o ur fi nge rs a nd

a t t e mp t to gr i nd i t i nt o pl a c e I thi nk it i s a much b e tte r w ay.

to t a k e t he im pr e ssi o n a nd b a k e the b o dy a nd e na m e l it a s D r , .

S to dd a r d ha s sugge ste d I w o uld fu rt h er say M r Pre sid e nt .

,
.
,

t h a t I a m u si ng the p or c e l a i ns wh e re w e fi nd l ar g e c a vi t i e s in
m o l ars : f or i nstanc e d e a d t e e th wh er e w e h a v e a c o mp o u nd
, ,

c avi ty e i t h e r the m e si a l or di sta l su rf a c e s i n c o nne cti o n wi th

,

the cr o w n a nd wh e re a m a lg a m i s p ro hibi te d a nd t he t e e t h t o o
,

w e a k f or gold I fi nd th at w h e n an i mp r essi on i s ta k e n o f the

.

c a vi ty a nd the filli ng m a d e a s D r S todd a r d say s i n his p a p e r

,
.
,

a nd se t i n c e m e nt tha t i t m a k e s a v ery nic e l o o k 1 ng filli ng a nd

,
-

o ne t h a t w e aI s e xc e e di ngly w e ll I u se the p or c e l a i n i n th at .

w ay a g re at d e a l a nd o b ta i n f ro m i t suc ce ss a nd sa t i sf a c t i o n .

D R TAF T
. Th e re I s b u t li ttl e I ca n say ont he subj e ct b e fo re
—

us ,
f ro m t he f a ct t h a t I h a v e ha d no e xp er i e nc e wh a te v e r i n
m aki ng p or c e l a i n filli ngs ; al t ho ugh so f re qu e ntly do c ase s pre
se nt t h e m se lv e s i h my p r a c t ic e wh e r e p or c e l a i n tip s a nd i nl a y s ,

w o uld no d o ub t m ak e not o nly a s dura bl e b u t m or e ar ti stic

filli ng s by f ar t h an go ld or a ny o f the pl a stic s t h a t I f e e l
, , ,

e nc o u ra g e d t o a de pt t hi s m e t h o d a f te r li st e ni ng t o t he i nt e r

e st i ng p a p e r o f the e v e ni ng a nd up o n e x a mi na t i o n O f the ,

sp e cim e ns b e f o r e u s I n l o o ki ng o v e r t he S p e cim e ns I not ic e

.

qui te a n a pp re ci a bl e diffe re nc e i n c o l or b e tw e e n t he i nl ay a nd
the to oth i tse lf m or e so i n so m e t h a n i n o th e r s
,
Thi s m ay O f .
,

c o urse b e d ue to the f a ct th a t p o ssibly the i nl ay s w e re pl a c e d in

,

so m e O f t h e m p re vi o u s t o e x t ra c t i o n I do no t ye t quite u nde r .

sta nd ho w the d o c t or mix es hi s m a te r i a l so a s t o ge t the c o l or O f

t he i nl a y a s ne a r ly lik e th a t o f the too th a s i s p o ss ibl e a nd ,

s h o uld lik e to h a v e him e xpl a i n the p o i nt a li ttl e m ore

t h or ou ghly .

DR . S T O D D AR D z I ne gl e c te d to say th a t i t w a s imp ossibl e

—

t o m a t ch the c o l or o f t h e se dry d e a d t ee th o u t o f the m o u th , ,

b u t t h ere i s no difficul ty a t a l l i n t he m o nth Y o u hav e a b a k e d .

sa mpl e o f y o u r b o dy which y ou k e e p a nd f ro m whi ch y ou

, ,

se l e c t y o u r c o l or .
 SO C IE T I E S . 1 63

D R . BIGELO W Pre sid e nt a nd ge ntl e m e n : I h a v e ne v e r

—
Mr .

u se d a ny o f the p o r c e l a i n filli ng s my se lf but se v e ra l c ases h a v e ,

c o m e u nd e r my o b se rv a ti o n a nd the g re a te st Obj e cti o n th a t

, ,

o ccu rre d to me a t l e a st i n t h ose c a se s w a s the w e ll de fi ne d li ne

, ,
-

o f d e m ark a t i o n b e t w e e n t he filli ng a nd t he t o o t h i tse lf no t b u t

w h a t t he p or c e l a i n w a s g oo d c o l o r b u t i t w a s t he m a t e r i a l it
,

w a s se t in A ge ntl e m an onc e o p ene d his m o uth a nd sh o w e d

.

m e his tee th a nd sp o k e o f the g re a t pl e a su re a nd c o mf or t t h a t

,

he ha d ta k e n si nc e hi s t e e th w e re fill e d i n t h a t w ay T he p o r e e .

l a i n fi lli ng s w e re m a d e f or h im by a d e nt i st i n N e w Y o r k Ci ty ,

T o m e th e y w e I e v e ry much m ore u nsigh tly th a n g o ld p o ssibly ,

b e c a u se the m a te r i a l u se d I n sett i ng th e m w a s no t a go o d m a tch

i n c o l o r f o r t he na t u r a l t e e th I thi nk I ay h a v e se e n o ne O f
.

m
the c ase s t h a t D r S to dd ar d ha s sp o k e n o f i n hi s p a p er
. S O f ar .

as the p o r c e l a i n i tse lf w a s c o nc e r ne d it w a s a v e ry g o o d m at ch
,

f or the t o o th b ut the li ne of d e m ar k a t i o n w a s v e ry di sti nc t

, ,

a lm o st as much so a s if g o ld w a s u se d t h o ugh p e rh a p s t he ,

str e ng t h w o uld b e g re a t e r I d on t k no w p e rh a p s D r S to dd a rd
’ .
,
.

m anuf a c t u re s hi s o w n c e m e nts a nd g e ts his sh a d e s j u st r igh t ,

t h e r e by o v e r c o mi ng t h i s o bj e c t i o n .

D R TAF T
. Th e re i s o ne o th e r pl a c e M r Pre sid e nt wh ere i t
-

, .
,

se e m s t o m e t h e se p o r c e l a i n t ip s or filli ng s m ay no t b e a lw ay s

p ra c t ic a bl e th a t m ay b e illu stra t e d by a c as e in h a nd : na m e ly ,

t h a t O f a p a t i e nt wh o se upp e r i nci so r s up o n e x a mi na t i o n w e re
fo u nd t o b e fill e d wi t h fi ne f ra ctu r e s e x te ndi ng a l o ng the su r ,

fa c e o f e na m e l f ro m the bi ti ng e dg e w e ll up to w ard s the m a rgi n

o f t he gum s I II t he l e f t sup e r i or c e ntra l I f o u nd wh a t se e m e d
.

a t fi rst t o b e a v e ry sm a ll p ro xim a l c a vi ty a nd st a r t e d v e ry ,

c a r e f ully to e xc a v a te i t f ro m t he p a l a ta l sid e wh e n the c orne r ,

o f t he t o o t h so o n a f te r w a r d s chipp e d O H, a nd in st ill fu r th e r

e xc a v a t i ng — h o pi ng t o fill wi th g o ld i t c o nti nu e d i n a m ost ,

—
,

a gg ra v a t i ng m a nne r to chip a w a y m o r e a nd m o r e
,
T o ge t the .

sm a ll e st p o ssibl e u nd e r cu t o r g ro o v e t o re ta i n the g o ld se e m e d

a n u tte r imp o ssibili ty a nd the l o ng e r a nd m o re

,
c a re fully I
w o rk e d the m o re di sc o u ra gi ng i t b e c a m e u nti l fi na lly I w a s
,
.

o blig e d to giv e u p a l to g e t h e r the a tte mp t to fill the to o t h wi t h

go ld a nd to re pl a c e the b ro k enc o rne r with o xyph o sph a te c e m e nt .

N o w h e re w o uld h a v e b e e n a n e xc e ll e nt Opp or tu ni ty f o r a
,
1 64 TH E A R C HI V E S OF DEN T I S TR Y .

p orc el a i n t ip p ro vid e d a m an had the r e qui si te S kill to ge t suffi

,

ci e nt anch o ra ge f o r i t wi th o u t e xp e r i enci ng t he sa m e difficul ty

t h a t I e nc o u ntere d i n a tt e mpti ng t o m a k e a g o ld filli ng I .

S h o uld lik e t o a sk D r S to dd ar d wh a t hi s o w n e xp e ri e nc e ha s
.

b e e n wi th thi s cl ass O f te e t h : if i t i s p o ssibl e to a d a p t p or ce l a i n

t ip s i n such c a se s a nd if so ho w l o ng t h e y w o uld b e lik e ly to
, ,

re m a i n Th e y a re the m ost di sco u ra gi ng sort of te e th I t hi nk

.
, ,

w e h a v e t o d e a l wi th b u t for tu nat e ly case s a s b a d a s the o ne

, ,

j u st ci te d do no t co nfront u s v e ry o fte n .

D R S T O DD A R D
. I sh ould t hi nk th a t t h at w a s a c a se wh e re i t
—

w o uld b e scar c e ly pra ct i ca bl e to pu t i n a p or c e l a i n fil li ng u nl e ss ,

the t oo th c o uld b e b a ck e d wi t h pl a t i nu m a nd t he filli ng h e ld

tha t w ay rath e r t h an by pi ns ru nni ng i nto t he t oo th sub sta nce
,
.

D R A LLEN I M I P r e sid e nt a nd g e ntl e m e n : I h a v e ha d no p ra e

.
— '
.

t i ca l e xp er i e nc e wi t h p or c e l a i n filli ng s b ut I w a s much i nte r este d ,

i n the p a p er j u st r e ad Whil e I w a s a b ro a d l a st sum m e r I m e t

.

M r D a ll the g e nt l e m a n r e f e rre d t o by D r S to dd ar d a nd he
.
,
.
,

sh o w e d m e so m e v er y b e a u t iful S p e cim e ns o f p or c e l a i n fil li ng s

i n t e e t h whi ch he ha d p r e p ar e d o ut of the m o u t h H i s m e th o d .

i n d e a li ng wi th p ro xim a t e c a vi t i e s i n sup e r i or f ro nt t e e t h wh ere ,

the li ngu a l p r o xim a l a nd l a bi a l e dg e s are i nv o lv e d i s to build

, ,

up the li ngu al c e r vica l and h al f O f the p rox im a l w a ll s wi th

, ,
.

g o ld l e a vi ng a c a vi ty f o r the i nse rti on of p o r c e l a i n which wh en

, , ,

fi ni sh e d i s a g re at succe ss f ro m an a rt i sti c p o i nt O f Vi e w as i t
, ,

d o e s a w a y wi t h the Obj e c ti ona bl e di spl ay of a l a r ge go ld fill i ng .

M r D a ll cut s hi s p o r c e l a i n i nl ay s f ro m t e e t h m a nufa ctu re d by

.

C A sh S ons
. .

D R MER I AM . M r Pre sid e nt the b o dy r e f e rre d to i s A sh s

—
.
’
,

Tub e to oth b o dy A sh I b e li e v e has a lw ay s r e fu se d to se ll i t

.
, ,

in bulk I kno w th at a numb er of A m e r ican gentl e m e n h a v e

.

wi sh e d t o e xp e r im ent wi th it E ith er the H a r wo o d or the .

Th o mp son bl o w pip e w ill b ak e i t ; o f co u rse i t w o uld b e v e ry

-

e a sy t o b a k e i n t he S to dd ar d fu r na c e I do not k no w t h at it .

ha s e v e r b e e n imi ta t e d o r r e p r o duc e d i n thi s c o u ntr y Of .

c ou r se w e Of te n h ear of D r H e r b st s gl ass filli ngs

,
’
. .

Th e re i s o ne qu e st i on I w o uld lik e to as k D r S to dd ard which .

,

he c a n a nsw e r a f te r I h a v e fi ni sh e d a nd th at i s ho w f a r hi s b o dy
!

, ,

c orre sp ond s wi th the b o dy u su ally u se d f or the p o rce l a i n te e th

 SO C IE T IE S . 1 65

of the s h ops ?
D oe s i t h a v e to f use a t a l o we r h ea t o r is i t sub ,

sta ntia l l y the sa m e ?

I t se em s to m e th a t g o i ng fu r th e r t h a n t hi s a n e ffor t S h o uld
, ,

b e m a d e b e f o re th e y a re e nti re ly l o st to p re se r v e the O l d f o r
, ,

mul a s th a t are i n the h a nd s o f the o ld e r d e nti sts I b e li e v e th a t .

t he m o st succ e ssful m a nufa ctu re rs to day a re m a nuf a ctu r i ng -

te e t h f ro m the f o rm u l a s o f t h e se m e n a nd if th e y are a v a il a bl e ,

t h e y will b e u se ful to a dd to o u r di re c to ry t h a t t h e y m ay go o n ,

re c o r d . I thi nk thi s i s a Ve ry i nte re sti ng study a nd it i s certa i nly ,

c arryi ng u s b a ck to the o ld e r d ay s O f d enti stry in so m e w ay s .

D R A LL E N
. I h a v e i n m y p o ck e t a t e e th which M r D a ll
— . .

p re p a re d H e tak e s one o f A sh s i nl ay t e e th c uts a g roo v e in

.
’
,

i t a nd cut s th e m o ff i n se c t i ons .
.

D R S T O DD AR D
’
. I n re ply t o D r M er i a m s q u e sti on the b o dy
—
.
,

th at w e u se is D r D a ni e l H ar w oo d s and i s h ar d e r th a n the
.
’
,

o r di nary b o di e s Th ere has b e e n so m e e ff or t I b e li e v e to pre

.
, ,

se rv e t he O l d f o r mul a s D r P r e st o n ha s pre se nt e d hi s to the

. .

schoo l a nd D r Ch a ndl e r ha s so m e which he i s p re se r vi ng

~

,
. .

D R ME R I A M
. I t hi nk se e i ng thi s sp e cim e n th a t D r A ll e n
—
,
.

ha s p a sse d a ro u nd t h a t so m e y e ars a go i n F r a nc e a p o r c e l a i n
,

w a s m a d e i n the f o r m o f a p e ncil so th a t t he e nd c o uld b e ,

g ro u nd a nd fitt e d to a c a vity a nd t h e n c ut o ff a nd p o li sh e d ,
I .

a l so b e li e v e t h e y u se the l o ng t ee t h u se d f o r c o nti nu o u s gum

w or k .

DR . SHE P HER D I no t ic e d t h a t so m e o f the sp e cim e ns

—
,

e sp e ci a lly a tip f o r a c e nt ra l w er e a littl e l arg e r th a n ne c e ssa ry

,
.

I w ould lik e to a sk D r S to dd ar d if the p or ce l a i n c o uld be.

'

dr e sse d d o w n to giv e the p ro p e r c onto u r to the filli ng .

D R S TO D D AR D z Y e s i t c a n b e g ro u nd d o w n a nd p o li sh e d ;
.
—
,

a nd wh e n it i s w e t i n t he m o u th it l o o k s j u st as w e ll a s E ngli sh

p or c e l a i n .

D R C L Ar r z I h a v e ha d v e ry li ttl e e xp e ri e nc e i n i nl a y fi l l
.
—

i ng s but I fi nd th a t the p ro c e ss of g ri ndi ng in the pi e c e O f

,

a r t ifici a l t oo th wh e n th a t i s u se d c a n b e c o nsid e ra bly f a cili ta te d

, ,

by c e m e nti ng the pi e c e O f p o r c e l a i n i nto the e nd o f a sm a ll

st ick wi t h c e m e nts t he sa m e as i s u se d by l a pid a r i e s w ho c ut

p re ci o u s sto ne s I w o uld lik e to ask D r S to dd a r d a b o u t the

. . ,

A sh t ee th th e y b e i ng so f te r a nd m o re e a sily fu se d th a n the
,
1 66 TH E AR C HIVE S or DEN T I S TR Y .

b odi e s th at we h a v e w o uld it b e p ossibl e t o ta k e t h o se te et h

,

a nd p o u nd t h e m up t he sa m e a s t he b ody i s m a d e no w a nd th e n ,

u se t h e m a s t he b o dy ?

D R S T O DD AR D
. Th at ne v e r o ccu rre d to m e b u t I thi nk v ery
—
,

l ik e ly i t co uld b e d one T he o nly qu e sti o n it see m s to m e i s in

.

the c o l o r i ng m a te r i a l wh e th e r i t w o uld bl e a ch o r no t
,
.

D R MERIA M
. I thi nk w e S h o uld m a k e a di sti nc ti o n b e tw e e n
-

the A sh o rdi nary to o t h a nd the A sh Tub e to o t h T he t ub e to ot h .

fu ses a t a l o w er t e m p e rat u re a nd i n so ld e r i ng thi s t ub e te e th I

-

f o u nd th at i t w o u l d ch ange c o l or , a nd o nc e f o r a m an wi th ,

t e e t h V er y y e ll o w I t oo k a dva nt a g e of t h a t f a ct a nd se cu re d
,

a v e ry go o d m a t ch .

D R CLA PP
. I w o uld lik e t o m e nti o n a c a se t h a t c a m e u nd er
—

my Ob se r v a t i o n a sh o rt tim e a go I t w a s i n the r igh t S up e r i o r

“

l a te r al the m e si al p ort i on b ei ng tu rne d o u t w ardly a v e ry li ttl e

,
.

I no tic e d th at th ere w a s a sligh t d e fe ct e x te ndi ng a li ttl e a bo ve

a nd b e l o w t he e nam e l b ut no d e e ay I thi nk I e x a mi ne d thi s
,
.

to Oth tw o o r th r e e t im es b e f ore I di sc o v e re d th a t t h e re w a s a
p or c e l a i n i nl ay a t th a t p o i nt O n qu e sti oni ng the p a t i e nt I
.
,

l e a rne d th at i t ha d b e e n pu t i n by D r R olli ns e igh t o r ni ne .

,

ye ars a go I fi nd di am ond di sk s the b est f or gri ndi ng i nl ay s

. .

D R MERIA M
. I re m e mb e r h ea r i ng o f a d e nt i st sta ndi ng by
-

t he ch a i r o f D r P e rry i n N e w Y o rk a nd hi s sh o wi ng a n o p er
.
, ,

a t i o n he ha d d o ne O f t h a t ki nd i t i s no w p ro b a bly se v e nt e e n o r
e ight e e n y ea r s a o T he d e nt i st p o i nte d o u t t ha t t h e re w as a
g .

ch e ck i n his te e th w h e n i t w as a tip D r Per ry had put o n

,
. .

P RE S EN T A T ION OF S PE I M EN C S .

D R COOKE
. wi sh to p r e se nt a pi e c e O f ste e l w hich w as
—
I -

se nt m e by D r W e t z e l O f G er m a ny
. H e go t i t f ro m G e ne v a
,
. .

I t i s v e ry t hi n a nd i s a fi rst r a te t hi ng to u se f or a m a tr ix & c
,
-

,
.
,

a nd f or p assi ng i n b e t w e e n the t ee t h wh e r e so m e thi ng v e r y thi n

i s ne e d e d .

A m e th o d of c a sti ng a pl a ste r m o de l wh e re y o u ta k e a bi te
a nd d e s i re to ge t a m o d e l v e ry quick l y : F i rst cast o ne S ide , ,

t u r n the imp re ssi o n o v e r p l a c e a d o ubl e pi e c e o f bibul o u s p a p e r

,

o v e r t he pl a st e r t h a t i s t o f o r m the t a il pi e c e a nd c ast the ot h e r

'

sid e . I t c o m e s a p a r t wi th o u t a ny t ro ubl e d o i ng a w a y wi th ,

sh e ll a c a nd O il a nd i s d o ne wi th o ne m i x o f pl a st e r
,
.
 SO C IE T IE S . 1 67

D R CLA P P : A b it o f v a se li ne wil l a cc o mpli sh the sa m e thi ng

. .

DR .COOKE : I h a v e ne v e r t ri e d t he v a se li ne I h a v e a
~
—
.

ra t h e r i nt e re st i ng c a se a n e x te nsiv e pi e c e O f b r idg e a nd c ro w n
,

w o r k wh ich the p a ti e nt re c e iv e d so m e y e ars a go f ro m a fi rm

w ho m a k e a sp e ci a l ty o f t hi s w o rk T he b ridge o n the r igh t
.

s id e ha d b r o k e n a w a y se v e r a l a b sc e sse s ha d f o r m e d
,
a nd t he ,

c ondi ti o n of t he m o u th w a s f a r f ro m sa ti sf a cto ry .

D R .S M I T H M r P re sid e nt r igh t h e re a f te r D r C o ok e s
—
.
,
’
,
.

re m ar k s i n p r e se nt i ng t hi s c a se o f b r idg e w o r k a nd k no wi ng ,

t h a t he him se lf has p e rf o r m e d so m e Op er a t i o ns i n b r idg e w or k I ,

w o uld lik e to a sk if t he r e sul t o f his e xp eri e nc e pl a c e s hi m o n

r e c o r d a s u ni v e r sa lly c o nd e m ni ng b r idg e w o r k .

D R COOKE
. Far f ro m i t
— I S imply p re sente d th a t a s a sp e ci
.

m e n O f b r idg e w or k as p e rf or m e d i n the ni ne t e e nt h c e nt u ry .

I t w a s d o ne by a fi rm t h a t m a k e s b ridg e w or k a sp e ci a l ty .

D R ME R IA M
. Th e se i nstr um e nts I thi nk h a v e ne v e r b e e n
—
, ,

m a d e in A m eri ca I ha d th e m c o pi e d by M r Schmidt I
. . .

p re se nt fi r st the se t o f gro o v e cutt e rs o r C hi se l s f or m ol ars a nd

bicu spid s I thi nk yo u will fi nd th e m a b o ut p a ge 1 22 A pp e n
.
,

dix to A sh s C a ta l ogu e 1 886 Th e y are of the w e ll k no w n

’
,
.
-

c hi se l f or m a nd I wil l se nd a r o u nd with t h e m t w o m a d e o n my
,

o w n cu r v e I lik e the Whitte n A ppro xi mal Tr imm e rs v e ry

.

m uch a s a t r imm e r a nd a l so a s a se a l e r b u t I w a nt e d so m e thi ng ,

with a littl e suggesti o n of D r L or d s a dd e d to D r Whitte n s

’ .
’ .
,

a nd i n t h ese the bl a d e i s fla t a nd p a sse s e a sily b e tw e e n the te e th .

Whil e I a m o n the subj e ct I wil l S h o w so m e o f D r L or d s

,
’ .

e xc a v a t o rs th a t I h a v e ha d m a d e quit e sm a ll sm a ll e r t h a n he ,

has m a d e hi m se lf a nd f or a simpl e p ro xim a l c a vi ty wh e re

,

o nly o ne i nstr um e nt i s t o b e u se d I thi nk th e y are a dmi ra bl e ,

.

D r L or d o nly or d e r s th e m i n h a t ch e t f or m s
. H e re a re so m e .

h oe s th a t I di re cte d M r Schmid t to m ak e f or me ; so m e of th e m
.

ha v e b e e n r ubb e d d o w n thi nne r .

H L . . U r H AM ,
E di tor I l ar ua r d O d ontol ogi ca l S oci e ty .

S e nd sub sc r ip ti o ns t o the A R C HIVE S to -

D r . D e C o u rse y
Li nd sl e y 32 1 N G ra nd A v e nu e S t L o ui s
,
.
,
.
, Mo .
1 68 THE A R C HI VE S OF DE N T I S TR Y .

D I SC U SS ION OF D R P ARR S P APER .

’

I MM E D IATE S EPARATION OF THE TEETH *

.

D R J G PAL M E R I do not t hi nk I h a v e a nyt hi ng i n par

’
—
. . .

ticul ar to say c onc e r ni ng ra pid se p ara ti on I h a ve the se parato r .

th a t D r Parr d e scr ib e s in his pap e r and I a l so h a ve a set of

.
,

D r P e rr y s
.
’ T he l a tt er i s p er h a p s the m ost ne ar l y u niv e rsa l , ,
.

i n i ts a ppli ca ti o n o f a ny I ca nnot say t h at I agree w i t h the .

do ctor in r e gar d to se p ara ti ng so r a p idly i n al l ca se s : i n so m e

c a se s it i s p ro b a bly a dvi sa bl e to do it b ut I w ould r ath e r fo ll o w ,

’
t he l ea d o f D r Fa ught s p a p e r a nd go a li ttl e sl o w
. I thi nk ,
.

go i ng S l o wly in se p ara ti ng te e th i s a s u se f ul a s i t i s i n so m e
o th e r c a se s ci te d i n the p a p er .

D R C A M E E K E R z I h a v e u se d D r P a rr s se p ara t or f or
’ —
. . . .

th re e y e ars a nd p re fe r it to any of the o th ers t h at I h a v e use d

,
.

D R PI N N E Y z S o m e tim es wh e n y o u h a v e a co upl e o f nic e

.
—
,

li ttl e t e e th to fi l l and y ou w ant to ge t t o w ork a nd ge t i t d one

, ,

a nd y ou k no w y o u r p at i e nt i s g o i ng to b e so ner v o u s f or a w e e k

a f te r if y o u put r ubb e r be tw e e n the t eeth t h at y ou c annot

, ,

tr e at t h e m i t i s a gre at pl e a su re th e n t o put on y o ur se p a rator

,

a nd sl o wly a nd gra du a lly ge t th o se t ee th a p a rt wi t h j u st o ne ,

lit tl e squ e a l S O th at you can put in y o u r tw o filli ngs Thi s l it

,
.

t l e i nstru m e nt i s one o f t he b e st thi ng s w e h a v e : i t d o e s not

w or k i n al l case s b ut it will i n nea r ly al l I t sh o uld b e u se d
,
.

c aref ully ; you sh o uld not m o v e the te e t h in a se c ond or in a ,

mi nu te b ut w or k ca re fully wi th i t a nd you wil l b e surp r i se d to,

,

fi nd ho w m any t i m e s y o u ca n u se a se p a rat or t o a dv a nta g e .

P ati e nts ar e b e tt e r sat i sfi e d to h a v e th e i r te e th se p arate d in thi s

w a y t h a n b e c o mp e ll e d to w e a r r ubb e r o r t a p e o r so m e thi ng of
, ,

tha t ki nd i n the m o u t h t h e y say t h o se t hi ng s t i r e t he m

,
—
.

DR FAU G H r z I w o uld lik e to say a w or d a b o u t th a t o ne

.
—

li ttl e squ e a l th at has b een sp o k e n of I do not thi nk w e denti sts .

qui te a pp re ci ate wh at that one li ttl e squ e a l m e a ns I thi nk i t .

m e ans a fee li ng o f f e a r and di stru st i n o ur p at i e nts f or y e ar s

a f t erw a r d s I b e li e ve a l so th at wh en w e a v o id givi ng pa i n to
.

a p a t i e nt o r sto p a S ligh t p a i n i t p a y s i n o u r d e a li ng s wi t h t he
, ,

*R
ead b e f ore t h e C e nt r a l D e nt a l S oc i e ty of N ew J e rse y .

AR CH I VE S , V ol V I I
.
, p ag e 4 9 .
 SO C IE T IE S . 1 69

p a ti e nt in f ut u re y e a rs Th e y ne v e r f o rg e t i t b ut w e f orge t
.
,

th e m b e ca u se w e se e so m a ny o f t h e m b ut e a ch p a t i e nt re m e m
,

b e rs t ha t so m e wh e re i n his o r he r m ou t h t h e re w a s o ne li ttl e
tu rn g ive n th a t c a u se d i nte nse p a i n a nd th e y re m e mb e r t h a t you
,

did i t I t a l w a y s c a u se s a f e eli ng o f d re a d wh e n th e y si t i n o ur
.

ch a i rs a g a i n f o r a no th e r Op e ra ti o n I b e li e v e t h a t w e sh o uld
.
,

m or e th a n w e do try t o p ro te ct o ur p at i e nts f ro m e v e ry a nnoy

,

a nce h o w e v e r sligh t e v e n a t the e xp e nse o f a lit t l e m ore t im e

,
.
,

Th ere a re m a ny c ase s wh e re the u se o f m e ch anica l se p ara to rs

i s u no bj e cti ona bl e a nd wh e n it f acilit a t e s such w or k
,
I wi sh to .

c a ll y o ur a tte nti o n t o a m e th o d of se p ara ti ng not m y o w n I t .

is the u se of a li ttl e pi e c e o f ta p e I h and a li ttl e pi e c e of ta pe

.

to my p a t i e nt w i th i nstr ucti o ns ho w to u se it a nd i n the c o u rse ,

o f f o u r o r fi v e d a y s the ne c e ssar y sp a c e i s o b ta i ne d a nd qui te

,

p a i nl e ssly Wh e n th e y re tu rn the m o u t h i s i n c ondi t i on f or the

.

o p er a ti o n a nd t h e y do no t se e m to h a v e hu r t t h e m se lv e s a nd
, ,

you h a v e not hu r t t h e m .

D R P I N N E r z A f te r y o u h a v e g a i ne d the b e a utiful sp a c e by
.
—

the u se o f t a p e o r so m e o th e r a ppli a nc e do y ou no t h a v e sor e ,

t e e th O ne goo d p o i nt i n f a v or of the se p ara t or i s th a t a ft er

.
,

y ou
g e t th e se t e e th s e p a ra t e d t he p re ssu re o f t he i nst r um e nt i s
,

so p ositiv e t h a t t h e re i s no p ai n w h a t e v e r du r i ng the o p e r a ti o n

o f fi lli ng .B ut wh e n y ou se p ara t e t h e m w i th t a p e the t e e t h ar e ,

’

l o ose a nd sore a nd a lit tl e p re ssu re u p o n t h e m c a u se s i nte nse

,

p a i n T he p a i n i s so m uch gre at e r th an t h a t which ca u se d the

.

littl e squ e a l in im m e di a t e se p ara ti on th a t a lm o st any one w o uld

,

pre f er the squ e a l .

D R F AU G H T
. I w o uld sugg e st the u se of a li ttl e c o ca i ne j u st
—

b efore the o p e ra ti on .

D R JE N N I S O N
. I do no t lik e to di sa g re e wi th m y f r i e nd D r
—
,
.

P a rr b e c a u se he ha s gi ve n u s a g re a t m a ny v a lu a bl e t hi ng s
, I .

ha v e not ha d much e xp e r i e nc e i n t he u se o f se p a ra t or s f o r t he ,

re a so n th a t I c a nno t e t my p a ti e nts t o submit t o t h e m T he

g .

m o m e nt I put o ne o n a nd b e gi n to t u rn the sc re w the p a ti e nt ,

e xcl a im s : Ta k e th a t o ff ; I c a nno t sta nd i t a nd I a m co m

“ ”
,

p oll e d to t a k e it o ff Th e n i n the use of the se p a ra to r I a m

.
,

a lw a y s f e ar ful o f c r u shi ng t he e na m e l which I thi nk i s a v e ry

,

imp orta nt thi ng to c o nsid e r Wi th re g ar d to se p a ra t i ng i mm e

.
1 70 TH E A R C H I VE S or DE N T T
IS R Y .

di ate l y , i t w ould b e v e ry d e si ra bl e if w e c o uld do it u nd e r al l

co ndi ti o ns o r e ve n u nd e r so m e c o ndi t i ons I w o uld lik e to se e
,
.

a se p a ra to r o f so m e so rt f o r i m m e di at e u se a nd I h a v e no d o ub t ,

D r P a rr c an d e vi se o ne h a vi ng pl a te s no t m ad e o f m e ta l a nd
.
, ,

which will do the w o r k of Se p arati ng te e th wi th o u t possib e

i nj u ry t o the e na m e l Th at to my m i nd i s a v ery imp ortant .
, ,

p o i nt a nd I a gre e wi th the e ssayi st o f the e v e ni ng m ost e mphat

,

i ca l l y t h a t it i s b e st t o go sl o w in t hi s m atte r I t ha s b e e n sa id .

th a t te e t h a r e so m e tim es so si tu at e d t h a t y o u c a nnot p ass a ny

t hi ng t h ro ugh b e tw e e n th e m f o r the pu rp o se of g a ini ng sp a c e .
.

Wh e n I fi nd t e e t h i n t h at c onditi on I i nt ro duc e a pi e c e of ,

r ubb e r d a m o u c a n a lw a y s e t th a t i n a nd l e a v e it t h er e u nt il
y g ,

the ne x t d ay a nd t h e n I a m u su a lly a bl e t o p ut i n so m e thi ng

,

e l se such a s a b i t o f w o o d wh ich I g e nera lly u se

,
I ta k e t im e .
,

Af te r I ge t sp a c e if the te e th are st ill se nsiti v e I

.

to se p a ra te .
, ,

fill wi t h gu tta p e r ch a a nd l e a v e i t f o r a f e w d ay s and soo n the

-

sore ne ss i s a l l g o ne .

D R J A O S M U N z I t hi nk i t a lw ay s b e st t o b e p e rf e c tly
. . .
—

f rank wi th y o u r p a t i e nts If y ou m u st i nflic t p a i n te ll t h e m .

'
,

y o u a r e g o i ng t o d o i t a nd why b u t t h a t y o u w ,
ill b e a s c a re ful ,

as y o u p o ssibly ca n a nd o u w ill fi n d t h e y will sta nd a n

y ,

imm e nse a m o u nt of p a i n and b e sat i sfie d wh e n you ar e th rough ,

.

D R AD D L E B U R G
. I f y o u sp e a k to the p a t i e nt s a nd te ll t h e m
—

the o p era ti o ns will b e p a i nful b u t t h a t by i nflict i ng p a i n yo u ,

Ca n se r v e t h e m b e tte r i n m o st c a se s t h e y will a ll o w y o u t o
.

a pply the se p ar a to r a nd t h e y say i t i s much p r e f e ra bl e t o

,

the o l d w ay o f se p a r a t ing I h a ve so m e p ati e nts w ho will not .

a ll o w m e t o u se i t b u t m ost o f t h e m p r e f e r t he se p era t or .
,

L adi e s e sp e ci all y sa y th e y p r e fe r it ra th e r th an h a v e so m e thi ng ,

b e t we e n t h e i r te e th wh e n go i ng i nto so c i e ty ; t h e y w o uld ra th e r
,

b e ar the littl e p a i n th an the annoy anc e I h a v e u se d i t f or tw o .

y e a rs A f te r t he t e e t h a re separ ate d I fi nd th e m t o b e o bt u nde d

.
'

t o such a n e x te nt t h a t th ere i s li ttl e p a i n i n e xc a v a ti ng a nd

fil li ng .

D R E A T ON
. I w ant to a dd a w or d i n f a v o r o f q u ick se p ara
—

tio n . For the l a st f o u r or fi v e y e ars I h a v e fo ll o w e d the p ra c t ic e

of quick se p a r a t i o n I f the sep arator fi ts pro p erly and y ou u se
.
,

i t wi th c a r e i t d o e s not c a u se much p a i n
,
A s so o n a s y ou fi nd .
 SO C IE T IE S . 1 71

y o u a re i nflic ti ng p a i n sto p a nd re st a mi nu te o r t w o a nd th e n
, ,

y o u w ill b e a bl e t o g a i n a li ttl e m o r e sp a c e T he se p ara to r

.

sh o uld no t e x te nd u p t o o r impi ng e u p o n t he gum

, A l i ttl e . .

gu tta p e r ch a u nd e r the b o w s o f the se p ara to r will t e nd to k e e p

—

i t o ut o f t he gum a nd will a l so ste a dy the se p ara t o r I n so m e .

c a se s, wh ere it is v e ry d ifli cul t to k e e p the se p a rator o n the

te e th the pl a ci ng o f a l i ttl e gut ta p e r ch a o n t he b o w s will o v e r
,
—

c o m e the difficul ty a nd t he se p a ra tor will stay i n pl a c e y o u

, ,

c a n g a i n al l the sp a c e r e qui re d a nd t h e n the t e e t h are h e l d

,

fi rmly whi l e y ou p erfo r m the o p e ra t i on o f filli ng Anoth e r .

thi ng : I h a v e a numb e r o f d ea d l a te ra l s i n my p a t i e nt s m o u t h s
’

which I c a nno t a cc o u nt f o r i n a ny o th e r w ay th a n by sl o w se p a .

ra t i o n . T he pulp s w e re not e xp o se d a t t he t im e o f filli ng a nd ,

y e t a f e w m o n t h s a f te r w a r d s I f o u nd t h e m d e a d I b eli e v e the .

bl o o d v e sse l s w e re st ra ngul ate d by h oldi ng the t e e th i n one p o si

t i o n f o r so l ong a tim e .

D R PAL M E R
.
—
I f e a r I did no t e xp r e ss my se lf v e r y cl ea rly i n
r e g a r d t o the differ e nt se p a ra t ors I h a v e fre qu e ntly u se d D r
. .

’
P e rry s se p a ra t or s a nd h a v e t a ken th e m o ff and put on D r
, .

Pa rr s ; and I w a nt to say th a t whil e I do not fi nd D r P a r r s

’
,
’ .

se p ar a t o r u niv e r sa l ,
a s cl a im e d i t i s m or e ne arly so th a n a ny
,

o th er : a nd I c a n do wi t h it wh a t I c a nno t do wi t h a n
y o th e r .

B u t I h a v e f a il e d to fi nd a ny p a t i e nt s lik e th ose D r Pi nne y .

sp e a k s of w ho p re f e r the se p a ra t o r t o sl o w e r m e th o d s of se p a
,

ra t i ng ; M a ny a sk m e ne v e r to u se o ne a ga i n I h a v e f o u nd .

b e st re sul ts fro m u si ng pi e c e s o f r ubb e r a nd k ee pi ng th e m th e re

u ntil sufli ci e nt sp a c e i s g a i ne d I thi nk t he difficul ty i n D r
. .

’
E a t on s c a se w as t h a t the t e e th w e re no t k e p t suffici e ntly so lid if
th e y ha d b e e n h e ld fi rm ly the diffi cul ty w o uld no t h a v e o ccu rre d
,
.

T EE T H A C O MB INA T ION OF C ONE S .

A t the u su a l m onthly m e e ti ng o f the M a nch e ster ( E ng O d o n

t ol o gic a l S o ci e ty o n D e c e mb e r l 0th M r W A H o o to n sh o w e d
, ,
. . .

a c o ll e c t i o n o f b one s a nd sp e cim e ns o f a nci e nt impl e m e nts a nd

p o tte ry re c e ntly di sc o v e re d i n a lim e sto ne c a v e r n a t D e e pd a l e ,

ne ar B ux to n i ncludi ng r e m a i ns o f a b ro w n be a r C e l ti c o x d e e r
, , , ,

wild b oa r f o x sh e e p h o rse a nd o th e r a nim a l s

, , , , .
1 72 T HE A
R CH I VE S or DE N T I S T R Y .

T he kull o f the b e ar which w a s in fi ne p rese r v at i o n w as

s , ,

f o u nd imb e dd e d i n a m a ss o f sta l a gmi te m or e th a n a fo ot thi ck

. .

T he sp e cim e n w as a n o l d o ne a nd t he te e th had b e e n subj e c te d

,

t o v e r y ro ugh u sa g e b e i ng e xc e ssiv e ly w orn d o w n a nd m a ny o f

,

t he pulp c a vi t i e s e xp o se d T he c a ni ne s ha d a l l b e e n f ra c tu re d
.

a nd a f ter w ar d s w o rn sm o o t h wi t h the e xc e p t i o n o f t he r igh t

,

upp er which w a s of full l e ngt h and e nci r cl e d by a b and of

,

ero si o n Th e re w as no tr a c e of the se cond pre m o l ars

. .

T he sk ull o f a C e l ti c e x ( 603 l ongg lf r ona) sh o w e d po rt i o ns o f

'

ski n i n a p e tr ifi e d c o ndi t i o n st ill a dh e re nt a nd t h e re w a s a l so

_
,

h a lf the l o we r j aw of a c alf .

’
I n the cl a y w e r e f o u nd p or ti ons of a sta g s a ntl ers o f grea t
si z e some wh at sof te ne d by e xp o su r e t o m o i st u r e
, .

A l th o ugh no hum an b one s h a ve so f ar b e e n m e t wi th the ,

’
S i gns of m a n s p re se nce w e r e c o nclu siv e a nd t h at p ro b a bly dur .

i ng the a nci e nt B r i t i sh a nd R o m an p e ri o d s O ne a ntl er ha d .

b ee n divi de d a nd the tip sm o oth e d and sh arp ly p o i nte d ; a noth er

,
-

w a s sh a p e d a pp a re ntly f o r u se a s a sp e a r h e a d ; a nd cl ose a t
,

h and a sma ll c ar v e d b one orna m e nt m uch bl ac k ene d and som e , ,

bi ts o f b r onz e w e re fo u nd .

W e k new th at fi re s w e r e m a de in the ca v e f or fra g ments o f ,

c h ar c o a l are p re se r v e d i n the st a l a gm i t e .

T he sp e cim e ns o f po tt e ry a r e u nf o rt u nate ly m u c h b ro k e n b ut ,

e x a mpl e s of R o m a no B r i t i sh a nd a l so o f S a mi a w a r e h a v e b e e n
-

id e nt ifi e d by Prof B oyd D a wki ns a l so pi e ce s of h and m ad e

.
-

,
-

p o tt e r y .

D r Sh a w sa id t h a t wh at ha d b e e n e xhibi t e d by M r H o o to n
. .

re f e r r e d u s b a ck t o t h a t a lm ost e ter ni ty of t he p a st wh e n the

lim e sto ne w as f o r m e d in which t h e se c a v e s are now fo u nd a —

t im e b e fo re the a pp e a r a nc e o f v e rte b ra te a nim a l s A nd e v e n .

wh e n i nc once iv a bl e age s af te r i t w a s form e d the lim e stone ha d

, ,

r i se n f rom t he sh a ll o w se a s a nd b e c a m e a p ar t o f t he dry l a nd ,

t h e se c a v e s mu st h a v e b e e n f or m e d i n i t a t a d a t e so re m o te as to
b e a lm ost i nc o mp r e h e nsibl e t o o u r m e nta l g ra sp A nd t h e y ha d .

und o ub te dly b e e n f ro m a t im e of which w e h a v e no re c or d

,

d o wn to cl e ar ly hi stor ic a l tim e s the h o m e s o f a ni m al s m an ,

—

i nclud e d M a ny of t h e se a nim al s h a v e i n o nly c omp arat iv e ly

.
,

r e c e nt t im e s b e c o m e e x t i nc t
,
I n m a ny of t h e se c a v e s ho w e v e r
.
, ,
 SO C IE T I E S . 1 73

a re to b e f o u nd m a i ns th a t S h o w th e y h a v e b e e n the h o m e s of
re

a nim a l s no w o nly to b e fo u nd i n ho t clim a t e s, but w e re a bl e t o

r oa m f a r no r th o f t h e i r p r e se nt h a bi ta t i o ns a t th a t p e r i o d wh e n

th i s i sl a nd f o rm e d p a r t o f a g re a t c ont i ne nt w hi ch w a s c o nne c te d
w i t h A f r ic a a nd p osse sse d a n a lto g e th e r diff e re nt t e mp e r a t u r e
,

th an a t p re se nt T he r ud e r ki nd o f p o tt e ry to whi ch M r H oo t on
. .

re fe rre d a re p r o b a bly o f N e o lithi c o r igi n I n re g ar d t o the

.

o r na me nt s a nd b e tte r cl ass o f p o tt e r y fo u nd i n t h e se c a v e s it ,

sh o w s t h e y h a v e b e e n a t so m e tim e i nh a bit e d by a ra c e g re a tly

sup er i or t o the a nci e nt r i v e r dr if t a nd c a v e m e n a nd t h e i r st ill

-

l a ter N e o li thic i nh a bi ta nts ; a nd th e re ca n b e no d oub t t h e y w e re

the pl a c e s i n wh ich the C e l t ic a nd R o m a n e l e m e nt so u gh t r e fug e
a t t he t im e o f the fi e r c e S a x o n i nv asi o n .

R e f e rr i ng to the i nf er i or j aw of a wild be a r i n w hich th er e w a s ,

a t t he e x tr e m e p o ste r i o r p or ti o n a fully f or m e d m o l a r t o o t h
,
—

which had not y e t e r u p te d a nd c onse que ntly ha d not a ny of i ts

, ,

cu sp s in the sligh test d egre e w orn d o w n by m a st ic a ti on he ( D r ,

.

Sh a w) sa id tha t he ha d re a d a p a p e r so m e y ea rs si nc e b e f o re the
M a nchester M icrosc o pic a l S o ci e ty in which he ha d v a gu ely,

hi nte d at a th e ory which he ha d not si nc e ha d t im e to w ork o ut ,

but which he w o uld no w di sti nctl y s tate a nd l e a v e i t to y o u nger

m e n t o c onsid e r M r H o oton ha d a l so e xhibi te d a m o st i nt e r
. .

e sti ng sp e cim e n o f a y o u ng p ar tly f or m e d a nd u ne r up te d h o r se

,
-

t o o th i n which al so th ere ha d no t b e e n any w e ar i ng d ow n of the

cu sp s H e ( D r Sh a w ) had se v e ra l sp e cim e ns of the sa m e sor t
. . .

No w thi s m ol ar h orse t ooth w a s i n re a li ty a c ombi na ti o n of fi v e

,

t ee t h with p ro j e c t i ng c o nes o f v a r i o u s h e igh t s A s soo n as the .

t o o th app e are d i n the m o uth th ese c o ne s b e g an to b e w orn d o w n

i n m astic a ti o n a nd t he to o t h e v e ntu a lly p r ese nte d a fla t su r fa c e
,

w ith a l ter na t e l a y e rs o f e na m e l d e nti ne a nd c e m e ntum so a r

, ,

ra ng e d t h a t the o ccl u si o n f o r m e d a v e r i ta bl e mill f or g ri ndi ng

the foo d . A lth o ugh the m ol ars of the b ea r a nd b e ar a re not

m a d e u p in the sa m e w ay a s th o se o f the h o rse the w e ar i ng ,

d o w n ca n b e se e n to h a ve ta k e n pl a c e i n the te e th o f the b e a r
a nd the b e a r e xhibit e d ; a nd if g e ntl e m e n w ill ki ndly e x a mi ne

thi s u ne rup te d te e th a t the e xt re m e p oste r i o r p o r ti o n o f the

’
i nfe r i or j a w o f the b e a r it will b e se e n wh a t thi s a nim a l s m o l a rs
,

a r e lik e w h e n fi rst f o r m e d a nd b e f o re t h e y a re u t to an u
, p y se .
1 74 TH E A
R C HI VE S OF DE N TI S TR Y
.

They a re unm is ta ka bfy m a de upf o

f a grea t num ber o cones
.

’
Th e re for e i t w as hi s ( D r Sh a w s) o pi ni on th a t whil e i n the
,
.
,

p r im i tiv e m a nner d e nt i ne a nd e v e ntually te e t h fi rst a pp e are d

t h e re w e r e no S ig ns o f c o ne s wh e n t hi s f or m did in the l o ng
, ,

p ro c e ss o f t im e m a k e i ts a pp e ara nc e i t b e c a m e a sta rt i ng p o i nt
, ,

f ro m which ha s b ee n d e r iv e d by a g re at v a ri e ty of co mbi nat i ons

, ,

the for m s o f the t ee t h of t he high e r a ni m a l s .

T HE TA C O M A D ENT AL S O C IE T Y .

W e are i n r e c e ip t o f a c o py of the c o nsti tuti on and b y l a w s of -

t he a b o v e S o ci e t y w h ich i ndic a te s th a t the d e nti sts o f the ne w

,

S ta te of Wa shi ng to n a re a b rea st of the t im e s .

T he o bj e ct of t hi s S o ci e ty sh a ll b e to cul t iv a te t he sci e nc e
a nd a rt o f d e nt i stry t o p ro m o t e a m o ng d e nt i st s mu t u a l imp ro v e
,

m e nt so ci a l i nte r c o u rse a nd g o o d f e e l i ng and t o c o ll e ct iv e ly

, ,

r e r e se nt a nd h a v e c o g niz a nc e of the c o mm o n i nt e r e st s of the

p
d e nta l p r o f essi o n i n o ur ci ty ”
.

W e t a k e pl e asu r e i n givi ng t o ou r re a d e rs the c o d e of e thics

o f t hi s ne w S o ci e ty a s b e i ng so m e t hi ng ne w a nd or igi na l .

CO D E OF ET HI C S .

T he m e mb e rs of t he T a c o m a D e nta l S o ci e ty in the fulfillm e nt

.

o f t h e i r du t i e s t o the p r o f e ssi o n to the public a nd t o e a ch o t h e r

, ,

d e cl a re a nd a cc e p t a s bi ndi ng the foll o wi ng c o d e o f e thic s as

e mb r a ci ng such p r i ncipl e s o f h o no r f a i rne ss and ge ntl e m anly
,

he a r ing a s e v e ry ge ntl e m a n o f h o nor a nd se lf re sp e c t sh ould

.

m o st willi ngly a d op t
A RT I C LE I
.

SE C T ION 1 I t i s the du ty o f e v e ry d e nt i st to m a i nta i n the

.

h o nor r esp e ct abili ty a nd go o d na m e o f the d e nta l p rofe ssi on

, ,

a nd by a m a nly a nd dig nifi e d b e a rl n by studi o u s h a bi t s a nd

g ,

m e nta l imp ro v e m e nt a s w e ll a s by a c onsci e nt i o u s e a rnestne ss i n

,

the e mpl oym e nt o f hi s skill f or t he w e lf a r e o f m anki nd t o a i m ,

a t se cu r i ng a g e ne ra l r e c o g ni t i o n o f the w ort hi ne ss o f the d e nta l

p ro f e ssi o n to rank a m ong the h onore d and l e arne d p rofe ssi ons .

SE C 2 . . H e sh o uld so p r a c tic e hi s p ro fe ssi on t h a t the com mu

nity will e ste e m i t a b o v e the a r t of a m e r e m e cha ni can a nd a b o v e
 SO C IE T I E S 1 75

t ra fli c wh e re i n sh re wd ne ss a nd cu nni ng a re a n e sse nt i a l p ar t o f
the sto c k i n t ra d e
'

SE C S 3 H e sh o uld th e re fore re g ar d i t as u np ro fe ssi ona l a nd

.

b e ne ath t he dig ni ty of his c a lli ng to o ffe r t he p ro duc ts of his

S kill i n c o mp e t i t i o n a t f a i r s o r to m a k e sa l e o f hi s se rvic e s a s
,

d o e s the sh o p k e e p e r of hi s g o o d s or re so rt t o public a dv e rt i se
—
,

m e nt such a s c ar d s h a nd bill s p o ste rs or sig ns c a lli ng a tte nti o n

,
-

t o p e culi a r styl e s o f bu si ne ss l o w ne ss o f p r ic e sp e ci a l m o d e s o f
, ,

o p e ra t i ng o r t o cl a i m sup e r i o r i ty o v e r ne ighb or i ng p ra c t i t i o ne rs
, ,

t o go f ro m h o u se t o h o u se so li ci t i ng o r p e r f o r mi ng o p e ra t i o ns ,

o r t o d o o t h e r simil a r a c ts ; bu t no thi ng i n t he a b o v e sh a l l b e so
c o nstru e d a s to p re v e nt a ny m e mb e r f ro m i nse rti ng simply
hi s o r he r na m e o ccup a t i o n a nd pl a c e o f bu si ne ss i n the publ i c
,

p r i nts o r givi ng no tic e i n t he sa m e o f his re m o v al a b se nc e f ro m

, ,

o r re t u rn t o bu si ne ss or i ssui ng a pp o i nt m e nt c ar d s wi th hi s f ee
,

bill th e re o n
A R T I C LE II
.

SE C T ION 1 I t i s the du ty of a d e nti st to tre a t t he m e mb e rs

.

o f hi s p ro f e ssi o n no t e xcludi ng t h o se w ho are hi s c o mp e t i to r s

—

wi th the h ono r of a ge ntl e m a n a nd the h o ne sty of a t ru e m um

a nd wh e n he ha s o cc a si o n t o e x a mi ne t he o p e ra t i o ns o f a ne igh

b o ri ng p ra c t i t i one r to do so wi th o u t c r i t ici sm
,
.

SE C 2 . . And wh e n c all e d up o n t o c o u nse l c o nc e r ni ng the

u tili ty of a ny o p e ra ti o n it b e c o m e s him to e xcu se a ny p e r c e iv e d
,

f a ul ts which m ay j u stly b e e xcu se d a nd to m ak e no a tte mp t to ,

u nder mi ne the c o nfid e nc e o f a p at i e n t i n a re pu ta bl e p ra c t i t i o ne r ,

o r by u nd e r biddi ng a tt e mp t t o se cu re p a tro na g e t h a t migh t o

g
-

t o a no t h e r d e nti st .

SE C 3 . . H e sh o uld e ste e m i t e no ugh f o r h o no ra bl e r iv a l ry

t h a t the p a ti e nt o f a no th e r p ra c ti t i o ne r sho uld f ro m v o lu nta ry
p r e fere nc e se e k his p ro f e ssi o na l skill I n sh o rt he sh o uld .
,

t re a t e v e ry p ro fe ssi o na l b ro th e r a s he w o uld his o w n b ro th e r i n

t he fl e sh e ng a g e d i n the sa m e c a lli ng or as a f a th e r w o uld a so n
(5 ,

wh o se succ ess he w o uld no t hi nd e r .

A T
R IC LE III .

SE C T I O N 1 A d e nt i st sh o uld m a k e his o w n p e rso na l a dv a nc e

.

m e nt in the lite ra tu re a nd p ra c tic e o f his p ro fe ssi o n his ch i e f

 1 76 TH E A R CH I V E S or DE N T T
I S R Y .

a i m , a nd d e t e r mi ne d to w in suc ce ss o n the gro u nd o f m e ri t

be .

H e sh o uld a lw a y s e mpl oy hi s b e st skill a nd sh o u ld end e a v or to ,

i nstr uct hi s p a ti e nts ca ndidl y kno wi ngly and consci e nti ou sly i n ,

r e l at i o n to t h e i r w e l f a re as c o nne ct e d wi t h t h e i r t e e t h .

SE C 2 H e sh o uld c o nsid e r i t a l so hi s du ty to r e ga r d the

. .

ne e d s of the p o or i n re nd e r i ng gr a tui to u s se r vic e o r by m a ki ng ,

su c h Op er a t i o ns as are ne e dful t o h e a l th a nd b o dily c o mfo rt

a v a il a bl e a t ra t e s wi t hi n t h e i r m e ans e v e r re g a r di ng the wid e ,

difle re nce b e t w e e n b e ne v o l e ntly re duci ng the p ri ce t o the kno w n

o or a nd se l fi shly r e du c i ng the p r i c e t o g a i n p a trona g e t h a t
p
migh t go to anoth e r d ent i st .

O FFI C E R S AN D M E M B ER S .

F . P . H ick s, P r esid ent ; W . E . B u r kh a rt , Vi ce P r esi de nt ; -

A . J . Gu
t v e son Tr easu rer A M cC ul l ey S ecreta ry ; E G
s a ,
.
, . .

C ase , C V an Wi nte r W S C onn W Ch a mb e rl a i n

. L am . . .
,
.
,

S o n I A Ch a pm a n J R K e nne dy L E a t o n W H J o h nson
,
. .
,
. .
,
.
,
. . .

IOW A
ST A T E D EN TAL S O CI E T Y .

T he I o w a S ta te D e nta l S o c i e ty will ho ld i ts t w e nty e igh th -

a nnu a l m e e t i ng a t Dubuqu e I o w a M ay 6th 7th 8th and 9th , , , , ,

1 890 For pu r p o se of o b ser v i ng a g r e a t cli nic a nd he ar i ng r e a d

.

p a p ers by the m o st note d w r i ters in d e nt i stry all are i nvi te d to ,

c o m e T he o ffi c e r s are : D r F M Sh riv e r Pre sid e nt ; D r C

. . . .
,
. .

J P e te rson V ic e Pre sid e nt ; G e o W Mill e r S e c re t ary ; B e n

.
,
-

. .
,

Pri c e T re asu rer E x e cu tiv e C o m mi tte e : Je sse M R i tch e y C

,
. .
,
.

J P e te r son C Th o m a s M e mb ershi p C o mmi tte e : J S Kulp

.
,
. . . .
,

J J L i ttl e r A B Cu tl e r Publi c at i on C o mmi tte e : G eo W

. .
,
. . . .

Mill e r T A H all e tt J B E ntrik im V ic e Pre sid e nt P e te rso n

, . .
,
. . .
-

i s Sup e r i nte nd e nt of Cli nic s .

ILLINOI S
ST A T E D EN TAL S O CIE TY .

T he t w e nty si x t h a nnu al m e e t i ng o f the I lli no i s S ta te D e nta l

-

S o ci ety will b e h e ld at Sp r i ngfi e ld b e gi nning Tu e sd ay M ay , ,

1 3th a nd c o nt i nu i ng f o u r d a y s
,
GARR E TT N E WKI R K .
,
 SO C I E T IE S . 1 77

M I SS OURI ST A T E D ENT AL A SS O C IA T ION .

ME X I C O M O M a rch 1 5th 1 890 . .

, ,
.

DEAR DO C T OR : “ o wi sh to c a ll y o u r a tte nti o n to the ne x t

T

m e e ti ng o f the Mi sso u ri S ta te D e nta l A sso ci a ti o n w hich will b e ,

h e ld a t Pe r tl e Sp ri ng s J uly 8 9 1 0 1 1 1 890
,
— — —
,
.

N o e ff ort will b e sp a re d t o m a k e t hi s m e e t i ng o ne of the

l a rg e st a nd m o st i nte re sti ng i n t he hi sto ry o f the A sso ci a ti o n .

T he A m e ric a n D e nta l A sso ci a t i o n will m e e t i n Mi sso u r i ne x t

A ugu st a nd it is e sp e ci ally d e si ra bl e th a t w e h a v e a l arge a t
,
.

te nd a nc e a t o u r ne x t m e e ti ng so th a t w e m ay m a k e p ro p e r
a rra ng e m e nt s t o r e c e iv e t he m e mb e rs o f the A m e r ic a n D e nta l

A sso ci at i o n ih a m a nne r th a t will re fl e c t c re di t up o n the d enti st s

.

o f Mi sso u r i .

N o w i s t he t im e to m a k e y o u r pl a ns so t h a t y o u m ay b e a bl e
t o b e wi th u s a nd w e e a rne stly so lici t y o u r p r e se nc e
, .

Frate r na lly y o u rs

E neouti o e Conu ni ttee .

K AN S A S STA T E D ENT AL A SS O C IATION .

T he ni ne t e e nth u m e e t i ng o f
a nn a l e a sa s a e D e nt a l th K n St t
A sso ci ati on will b e h eld a t H o te l Th roo o e a a sa s co m p T p k K n
, , ,

m e ncing Tu e sd ay A p ril 2 9th a nd c o nt i nui ng f o u r d ay s

, , An .

i nte rest i ng p ro g ra m i s a ssu re d a nd t he cli nic s wil l b e a sp e ci a l

,

f e atu re T he h o te l i s fi rst cl a ss i n e v e ry p a r ticul a r a nd ha s

.
—
,

g ra nte d a re duc e d ra te O ne a nd o ne thi rd f a r e has b e e n g ra nte d

.
-

by the ra il ro a d s o n t he c e rtific a te pl a n M e mb e rs of the pro

, .

f e ssio n c o rdi a lly i nvi te d . C E E S T E R LY . .

,

La w re nce K a nsa s
,
.
S ecre to ry .
1 78 TH E A R C HI V ES or DE N T I S TR Y .

FOR T Y S E VENT H ANNUAL C ONV ENTION OF THE

-

M I SS I SS I PP I V ALLEY A SS O C IAT ION OF

D EN T AL S URGEON S .

I INNA T I OHIO C N C ,
.

T h S ci ty m t t L i nc l n Club H ll
e o nd w
e p n d by e a o a ,
a as o e e

p y by D J m L li
ra er D J R C ll h n th n d liv
r . a es es e . r . . . a a a e c

d n dd
e re aH id A I l k b ck v
a th
re ss c d . e sa -
“
s oo a o er e re or s

of t h p t d i ng e f t hi S ci ty I
as n wh o it f u nd s o s o e ,
ca se e ere s o e rs

b ild d b tt t h n th y k n w I i m gi n t hi S ci ty i n it
u e e er a e e . a e s o e s

e ar li e st d ay s ha d m o re t o do wi th b r i ngi ng d e nt i stry to i ts p r e s
e nt high st a ndi ng t h a n m o st o f u s giv e her c re di t f o r d o i ng .

"
”i‘
I n t he v e ry b e gi nni ng th e y put the se a l of t h e i r di s
a pp r o v a l o n c har l a ta ni sm a m a lg a m filli ng s a dv e rti si ng d e ro g , , ,

a t ory r e m ar k s a b o u t o ne a no t h e r i n r e g ar d to p oo r a bil i ty e tc ; ,
.

i n f a c t i t i s h a r d to fi nd a ny t hi ng t h a t the m o st a dv a nc e d o f u s
t o day c o nd e m n t h a t t h e y did no t sp e a k o f i n no u nc e rta i n t o ne
-

f orty six y e ars a go M a ny a re the g oo d t hi ng s d o ne by thi s S o

-
.

c ie ty i n e a rly d ay s i t has so w n se e d t h at ha s p r o duc e d a n hun

d re d f o ld m any of t he d e ntal so ci e ti e s of t o da v are o flspr ings
'
—

o f t hi s o l d m o th e r a sso ci a t i o n N o t the l e a st a m o ng the g o o d .

f rui ts of thi s S o ci e ty are the D enta l R egister a nd O hi o D e nta l

C oll e g e .

T he S o ci e ty sp e nt m o ne y f re ely b ot h i n the p ra c t ic a l a nd
“
,

th e o r e t ic a l o f the p ro f e ssi on t h e y g a v e p ri z es f or p a p e rs t o the

v a lu e of $1 00 ga v e m e d a l s geld a nd silv e r f or imp ro v e d a p — —

p l i a nc e s Th e y se e m e d to b e i n g re a t e a rne st i n e v e ry w ay a nd
.
,

t he y did no t f org e t to h a v e g o o d t im e s t o o a s t h e y w e nt a l o ng , , .

Fro m t he r e cor ds I fi nd t h at the y were w ont to gath e r a b o u t

,

t he f e sta l b oar d a nd b re a k b r e a d cra ck ch e stnuts a nd h a v e a , ,

go o d so ci a l t im e a nd a t the cl ose h a v e wh at t h e y ch ose to c a ll in

,

t e rl o cu tory di scu ssi o n At o ne o f the m ee ti ng s D r S o m er by

.
,
.

r e m a r k e d t h a t he t h o ugh t i t no t i naccord e nce wi th tr u e p a th o

l o gi ca l p r i ncipl es to re ta i n a tooth i n the m o u th a fte r the ne r v e

ha d b e e n d e stroy e d a nd th a t the o p e ra t i on of pluggi ng o v e r a n
,

e xp ose d ner v e by c a ppi ng o r o t h er wi se w o uld ge nera lly p ro v e

, ,

u se l ess a nd the ide a of re p e a te dly t ickli ng the ne r v e to ma k e it

,

c o v e r i tse lf w i th ne w b one w as m ore a m u si ng th an pro fi t ,

a bl e .
 SO C IE T IE S . 1 79

I n the ly y e a r s of t hi s S o ci e ty it w a s truly t/Le d e ntal so

ear ,

c ie ty o f t he Mi ssi ssippi V a ll e y I t d re w i ts m e mb e r ship f ro m

.

a l l p a rts o f t he g re a t v a ll e y a nd o f te n d e nti sts w e re i n a tt e nd

,

a nc e f ro m o v e r t he A ll e gh e ni e s I t w a s l o ok e d up o n a nd w a s .
,

t r uly the d e nta l so ci e ty o f t he W e st f o r m a ny y e ars ; b u t i n

the fo r ty si x y e ars o f i ts e xi ste nce a ne w sta t e of a ff a i r s has c o m e
-

ab out i n a l m o st e v e ry S ta t e t h e re are l oca l di str ic t so ci e t i e s

, , ,

a nd S ta te so ci e t i e s a nd a l l a uxili a r y m or e o r l e ss t o t he A m e r i
, ,

c a n D e nta l S o ci e ty Und e r thi s a rra nge m e nt the M i ssi ssippi

.

Va ll e y S o ci e ty i s l e f t so m e wh a t i so l a t e d and ha s l o st much of i ts ,

p re stig e I t ha s b e c o m e so m e w hat l o c al i n its m a na g e m e nt

.
,

a nd i t i s wi t h much di fli c ul t t h a t the p r o g r a m s a r e fill e d up e a ch

y
y e a r M e n w ho w r i te p ap e rs say I h a v e to at te nd my l o c a l S O
.
,

c ie ty so o f te n I d o n t se e ho w I ca n a d d a no t h e r so ci e ty t o my
’
,

a l re a dy h e a vy bu r d e n a nd m a ny o f t he w o rk e rs i n d e nta l so ci
,

e ty a fla i r sa r e sa yi ng qui e tly b u t wi t h much sig nific a nc e I w o n

°

, ,

d e r if t he o l d Mi ssi ssippi V a ll e y D e nta l S o ci e ty ha s no t o ut

live d he r u se ful ne ss A s f or my sel f I will no t t ry t o a nsw er the
.

qu e st i o n i t i s a se r i o u s q ue sti on a nd d e se r v e s th o ugh tful a tte n

,

ti on .

D I S C U S S ION .

D R J T AE T sa id t he p a p e r b ro ught m a ny r e c o ll e c t i o ns o f the
. .

p a st to mi nd a nd w a s sa dd e ne d wh e n he f o u nd th a t ne arly al l
,

t he o rg a niz e r s ha d p a sse d a w a y a m o ng wh o m w e r e the T ayl ors , ,

G riffith Ta lb ot a nd oth e rs T he work of thi s S o ci e ty still ha s

,
.

i ts i nflu e nc e up on m o d e rn d e nta l p r a c tic e Much a tte nt i on w a s .

p a id to a ppli a nc e s a nd i nstrum e nts a nd m any p a p e rs stand to ,

day a m ong which a re t h o se of D r W a t t

,
T he p a p ers re c e iv e d . .

m ore di scu ssi o n a t th a t t im e th a n a t the p re se nt T he S o ci e ty .

t o o k the l e a d i n a l l t hi ng s .

D R JA M E S L E S L I E Ci nci nnati O hi o sp o k e o f the i nflunce o f

.
, , ,

t he o l d S o ci e ty up o n i ts futu re ,
T he ch ara ct e r o f a so ci e ty will
.

b e re t a ine d f o re v e r M a ny of the imp or ta nt di sco v e r i e s w e r e

.

m a d e i n th i s S o ci e ty a nd the a bility o f i ts m e mb e rs w a s e qu a l
,

t o a ny i n the w o rld T he S o ci e ty will live f ore v e r

. .

D R J C M C K E L L O P S St L o ui s sa id the A sso ci a ti o n c o uld

. . .
,
.
,

ne ve r die O f te n th e re is a smal l a tte nd anc e b e c a u se it is not

.

p ro p erly a nno unc e d in the d e nt a l j o u rna l s .

1 80 TH E A R C HI VE S OF DE N T T
IS R Y .

PR OF . H A SM I TH
Ci nci nnat i O hi o Thi s i s the fi rst S o ci
. .
, ,
—

’
e ty he e v e r j o i ne d T he c o ndi ti o ns are difle r e nt no w f ro m wh a t
.

t h e y w e re th e n a nd so ne w m e tho d s mu st b e u se d
, ne w bl o o d —
.

PROF C M WRIGH T Ci nci nna ti t h o ugh t the S o ci e ty ha d

. . .
, ,

p asse d its p e r i o d o f y o u th a nd nat u ra lly w a s e nte r i ng up o n i ts , ,

o l d a e a nd lik e a p e r so n l o o ki ng i n a mi r ror he se e s g ra y h a i rs
g , ,

which i ndic a te a d e cli ne .

PROF J TAF T sta te d t h a t i n 1 855 the S o ci e ty w as at a v e ry

. .

l o w e b b a nd i t s c o nti nu a ti o n w a s o b t a i ne d by t he e l e c t i on o f tw o
,

ne w m e mb e r s a t t h a t m o m e nt .

PROF J S CA S S I D Y C o vi ng to n K e ntucky sa id the di scu s

. . .
, , ,

si o n w a s p re m a t u r e ( as i t a f te r w a r d p ro v e d t o b e
) th at t he ,

m e mb e rs h a v e j u st b e gu n t o c o m e in .

A fte r so m e di scu ssi o n by D rs Taft and C all ah an it w a s de cid e d

.
.
,

t o a pp o i nt sp e ci a l c o m m it te e s i n c o nj u nc t i o n wi th the e x e cu tiv e
c o mmi tt e e to a d o p t ne w m e th o d s .

Pa p er by D r . O tt A o r no ld C olumbu s
, ,
O hi o

N ON -

ME TA LLI C PLA S T I C MA T ERIAL S FOR F ILLING T EE T H .

“
mpl oym e nt of the e a rli e r d e nti sts of gu m s m a sti c
T he e ,

a nd sa nd ara c i n e t h e r i a l a nd a lc o h o li c so lu t i o ns f o r the ste p pi ng

,

of c a vi t i e s o f d e c ay i s t he fi rst a pp r o a ch hi sto ry r e c o r d s o f pl a s
,

ti c filli ng s A b o u t the y e ar 1 84 8 h o we v e r the first sub st a nti a l

.
, ,

p r o g re ss w a s m a d e i n t hi s di re c ti o n by the u se of gu tta p e r ch a -

a s a t e mp or ar y filli ng m a te r i a l A l i ttl e l ate r the w e ll k now n .

,
-

c o mp o u nd H ill s sto ppi ng w a s i ntro duc e d wh ich i s a m o difi ca

’
, , ,

t i o n o f gu tta p e r ch a by t he a ddi ti o n o f c er ta i n mi ne r a l e l e m e nt s
-

t o m a k e i t h a r d e r th e re fo r e m o re a v a il a bl e f o r p e r m a ne nt filli ng s
,
.

A b o u t thi rty y e ars a go o xychl oride of zinc w a s i ntro ,

d u ce d the fi r st of a now w e ll k no w n cl ass o f filli ng m ate ri al s

,
-

V iz. t he zi nc pl a st ic s N e x t i n ord e r ca m e oxyph osph a te of

.

zi nc fo ll o w e d by e num e ra bl e m o dific at i o ns and co mbi nat i ons

,
.

It c a nnot b e d e ni e d t h at the i ntro duc ti o n o f gu tta p e r ch a a nd -

t he zi nc pl a st ic s w a s t he b egi nni ng o f a n e ra i n o p e ra t iv e d e n
,

t ist ry t ha t m a d e i t p o ssibl e t o a tt ai n re sul ts ne v e r b e f or e b r o ugh t

about . P ri or to th a t t im e li ttl e if a ny thi ng had b e e n a e co m , ,
 SO C IE T IE S . 1 81

d i re c ti o n
p ro te c ti ng pulp s f ro m the e fle ct o f
'

p l ishe d i n t he of

t h e rm a l i rr i ta ti o n T he so l uti o n o f thi s p ro bl e m a l o ne i s o f such

.

i ntri nsic w o rth a s to m a k e a ny m a te ri a l c a p a bl e o f c o ntribu ti ng ,

to t h a t e nd o f i ne st im a bl e v a lu e
,
A ll p re p ar ati ons o f the zi nc
.

pl a stic s lik e wi se gu tta p e rch a at l e a st so f a r a s the w r i te r has

,
-

k no wl e dge are m o re o r l e ss no n c o nduc to rs of c a l o r ic th e re fore

,
-

v a lu a bl e f o r thi s pu rp ose a nd i t i s alm o st a n u np a rd o na bl e

,

o fle ii se t o ig no re t h e i r u se i n a l l l a rg e c a vi t i e s a s a p ro t e c ti o n t o

pulp s .
f
G u tta p e rch a h o w e v e r u nl e ss i n so l uti on of
-

, ,

chl o ro f o r m or o th e r v o l a t il e so l ve nt i s not wh olly sa f e u nl e ss , ,

the g rea te st c a re i s e x e r ci se d t o p re v e nt i ts i nt r o duc t i o n i nto the

c avi ty i n to o h e ate d a c o ndi ti o n Thi s i s a se r i o u s o b sta cl e as .
,

t he mi nimum d e g re e o f h e a t ne c essa ry to pl asti ci ty m a y ;

e sp e ci a ll y if the pulp i s ne a r t he su rf a c e b e suffici e nt to p er m a ,

u e ntly i nj u re thi s o rg a n T he p re ssu re g e ne ra lly ne c e ssa ry t o

.

a d a p t t hi s sub sta nc e to pl a c e i s a no t h e r o bj e c t i o n , S o no thi ng .

,

sh o r t o f t he g re a t e st c a u t i o n i n its u se will giv e c e r t a i n r e sul t s .

G u tta p e r ch a a s a filli ng m ate ri al c o mp are d wi th the zi nc pl astic s

-

f or i nsid e u se a nd a m a lg a m f o r o u te r su rf a c e s ha s a limi te d
, ,

sph e re o f u seful ne ss . T he o xychl o r id e c e m e nt has a n

e sch ar o t ic a c t i o n o n o rg a niz e d t i ssu e which m a k e s i t u nsa f e as a ,

ne rv e c a ppi ng ; but wh e n u se d i n c o nne c t i o n wi th a n i nte r v e n

i ng l ay e r o f a no n i rr i ta nt i t b e c o m e s u se ful f o r t hi s pu rp o se
-

, .

I t i s de cid e dly a nt i se p tic b ut re a dily solubl e i n o ra l fluid s a nd

, ,

i s di sti ng ui sh e d as the m o st p re se r v a t iv e a nd a t the sa m e t im e

“
,

t he m ost p e r i sh a bl e o f a l l filli ng m a te r i a l s ”
T he a nti se p t ic .

qu a li ty i s a v a l ua bl e f e a tu re f o r ro o t filli ng s a nd a s th e se a re ,

supp ose d to b e p ro t e c te d f ro m t he fluid s o f t he mo u th th e i r ,

so lubili ty i s u nimp o r ta nt .

“
T he zi nc ph o sph a t e s a re l ess i rr i ta ti ng i n th e i r a c ti o n o n o r
a niz e d ti ssu e d nse r i n st ruc t u re a nd l e ss so lubl e i n the
g a r e
, e

o ra l fluid s a nd f o r g e ne ra l pu r p o se s a re p re f e ra bl e a nd i n m o re
,

g e ne ra l u se t h a n the zi nc chl o rid e s .

“
B ri e fly th e n to su m the m a tte r u p wh a t i s the v al u e o f zi nc
, , ,

pl a stic s i n d e nta l p ra c tic e a nd to wh a t e x te nt S h o uld th e y b e

,

u se d ? A l l l a rg e c a vi ti e s sh o uld h a v e a l ay e r o f th i s su b
sta nc e i nte r v e ni ng b e t w e e n m e t a llic filli ng s a nd th e i r d e e p e r
po r
t i o ns if p o ssibl e to p ro te c t the pulp f ro m th e rm a l i rri ta t i o n
, , .
1 82 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN T I S T RY .

it
c o v e r i ng c o ntigu o u s to e xp o se d pulp s the m ore
As a ,

ne u tra l a nd no n i rr i ta ti ng o f th e se p re p ara t i o ns p osse ss m o r e

-

g o o d qu a li ti e s th a n a ny o th e r sub stanc e chi e fly o n a cc o u nt of ,

th e i r a d a p ti o n wi th ou t p re ssu re a nd t he non ge nerati o n of h eat -

Fo r filli ng ro o t c a na l s zi ne pl astic s are u nsu rp a sse d

,
T he .

m e th o d I h a v e p ra ct i ce d f or a l ong t im e wi t h m o re sa ti sf a c tory
re sul t s t h a n a ny o t h e r i s t o c a rry t hese t o the a p e x o n sh re d s o f
, ,

c otto n of a fi ne ne ss Sui ta bl e to the e ase i n h and u si ng ne ce ssa

‘

r ily t he no n st i cky v a r i e ty -

T he f a c il ty a nd g re a te r c e rta i nty
.

wi t h which t he a pe x m ay b e r e a ch e d c ombi ne d wi th the i mp e r ,

i o u sne ss a nd a nt i se p t ic p ro p e r ti e s m a k e t he m the i de a l r o o t fill

,

i ng . For u se i n c o nne ct i on wi t h c ro w n a nd b ridg e w or k we ,

ha v e no thi ng t o c o mp are wi t h t h e m a nd c a n o nly say t h e y , .

st a nd a l o ne For e nt i re filli ng s in t e e t h t h a t p ro mi se p athol ogi

.

'

c al c o mplic a t i o ns o r f or o bvi o u s re a sons re qu i r e te mp orary o

p
.

e ra ti o ns t h e y are a m o st v a lu a bl e m a t e r i a l
,
Ta ki ng t h e m al l i n .

a l l t h e y o ccupy a n imp o r ta nt pl a c e I n d e nt i st i y a nd w e c o uld

, ,

illy a ffo rd t o re tu rn to the m e th o d s I n v o gu e be f or e th e i r i ntro

duc ti on B ut lik e a l l g o o d t hi ng s zi ne pl ast ic s are Of te n abu se d
.
,

a nd th e i r u se i s no t a l w a y s f o ll o w e d by the b e st re sul t s .

I a m o pp ose d to te mp orary fi l li ngs as a sub sti t ute f o r so m e thing

,

’
b ette r e xc e p t p ossibly i n child r e n s c ase s o r wh ere p ath o l o gica l
, ,

o r c e r ta i n se xu a l c o ndi t i o ns p r o hi b i t T he p r i ncip a l p ro v o c a t ion

.

f o r c r i tici sm i s t he i ndi scr imi na te pr acti ce o f p r ost i tu t i ng a g o o d

t hi ng f o r u ses o th er th a n i t s p r o p e r o ne T he o u t c o m e of such .

p ra ctic e can r e sul t o nly a g a i nst the g e ne ra l g oo d of the prof e s

s i o n t h o ugh t he u l ti m at e di sa pp o i nt m e nt a nd l o ss to t he i nno
,

c e nt v ict im T he r e me dy t h at sug ge sts i tse lf a ga i nst such

:

a bu se i s t o b e m o r e e xplici t i n i mp a r ti ng a dvic e o n t h e se m a t

t e rs Wh e n te mp o ra ry filli ngs mu st b e i nse r te d i mpre ss t he

.
,

p a t ie nt f or cibly a s t o th e i r limi te d u tili ty I f suc h filli ngs a r e .

p re f e rre d o n a cc o unt o f t h e i r i ne xp e nsiv e ne ss o r f o r a ny oth er ,

r e a so n b e e mp ha t ic i n c a lli ng t h e m t e mp ora ry filli ng s a nd no th

,

i ng m ore
D I S C U S S ION
.

PROF J TAF T sa id he ha d ne v er u se d a m alga m as a fi l li ng

. .

m ate r i a l O xyph o sph at e a cts diff e re nt ly in cl ifle re nt h and s

. .

H ad se e n a n o xyph o sph a t e l a st e igh te e n y e a rs I t sh o uld no t b e .

 SO C IETIE S . 1 83

u se d cl o se to the gum o r i n p ro xi m a l p o sit i o ns I S o ne o f the

,
.

v e ry b est m ate ri a l s f o r p o rc e l a i n i nl a y s A good o xyph o sph a t e .

will l ast a s l o ng a s a n o rdi na rg go ld filli ng H e u se s i t v e ry .

o f te n a s a n i nte r m e di a te filli ng m ate ri a l Much i s due t o .

t he m a nne r i n whi c h i t i s mix e d I t sh o u l d b e th o ro ug hly .

mix e d S o m e wil l g ra nul a te wh e n u se d i mme dia t e l y b u t if it i s

.
'

w o rk e d b et we e n t he fi ng e rs i t b e c o m es qui te pl ast ic a nd i n th a t,

c ondi ti o n i t i s b e tte r a nd e a si e r u se d H e a t a cc e l e ra t e s whil e .

,

c o ld re ta rd s se tti ng .

D R J R CALLAHAN a sk e d if e i the r t he o xychl o r id e o r the

. . .

o xyph o sph a te h a rd e ne d t he d e nt i ne .

D R J S CA S S I D Y sa id o xychl or id e w o uld h a r d e n by de hy
. . .

dra tio n m uch d e p e nd s up o n the h ea l thy c ondi t i o n o f t he sa liv a .

M e ch a nic a l a b ra si o n has l i ttl e t o do wi th i ts l o ss Ch e mic a l .

a c t i o n i s i ts chi e f c a u se M ore l o ss ta k e s pl a c e i n m o nths wh o se

.

sa l iv a i s vi t i a t e d by put re f a c ti o n t h an by f e r m e nt a t i o n .

PROF TAF T sa id cl e a nli ne ss i s v e ry i mp orta nt i n m onths co n

.

ta i ni ng c e m e nt filli ng s .

DR . H J M C K E L L O P S S p ok e up on the oxyphosphate s a nd
. .

t h e i r e ffe c t up o n the d e nti ne

,
I f i nser te d i n caviti e s a nd al .

l o w e d to re m a i n a y e a r o r so wh e n ta k e n o ut t he d e nti ne will ,

b e f o u nd v e ry h ar d a nd a g o ld filli ng m ay b e i nse r te d I t is .

o ne of the b e st m a te r i a l s f o r fil l i ng a nd i s e sp e ci a lly a pplic a bl e f o r ,

’
child re n s t e eth E ru c tio ns f ro m t he sto m a ch a re v e ry de st ruc
.

t iv e t o ph o sph a te filli ng s H e sa y s o x chl o r ide i s no t the b e st

.

r oo t filli ng esp e ci a lly i n sm a ll ro o t s

,
T he m e r cu ry o f a m a lga m .

w ill re nd e r a pulpl e ss to o th v e ry b r i ttl e .

PR OF H A S M I T H G o o d m a nipul a t i o n i s re qui site to suc

. . .
—

c e ss i n pl a stic filli ng s the p ar ts sh o uld b e th o ro ughly c o mbi ne d .

H e ha d se e n a l arg e c ro w n o xyph o sph a t e filli ng which ha d b e e n

i nse rte d e ight y e a rs a go i n G e rm any Th e y w e re go o d filli ng ,
.

m ater i a l s but had th e i r pl a c e

,
.

D R L E CU S T ER D ay to n O hi o
. . .
,
B e fo re w e can u nd e rsta nd
,
—

the a c t i o n o f the o ra l fluid s up o n t he c e m e nt o r the a c ti o n o f ,

the c e m e nt u p o n the t o o t h struc t u re w e mu st fi rst ge t a n id e a ,

o f wh a t o xyph o sph a t e o f zi nc i s Wh e n the t wo p o rti o ns are .

u ni te d the p owd e r ha s su c h a n i nflu e nc e up o n t he fluid a s to c a u se

,

it to c ry st a liz e w hich i n t u r n i nc o r p o ra te s the p o wd e r in i t

,
It .
.
1 84 TH E A R C H I VE S OF DE N T T
I S R Y .

is a ch e mic a l re a ct i o n so f ar a s the liquid ch a nge s i ts f o rm to a

liquid o f cry sta liz at i o n a nd a l so lib e rat e s h eat b ut it i s a mix tu re ,

a s the p o wd er d o e s no t ch a ng e i t s f orm it i s st ill o xid e of zi nc —

.

B e i ng o f thi s natu re i t i s e asily a cte d up on by e x terna l age nts

, ,

a nd a t t he sa m e t im e the f re e ph o sph or ic a cid a ct s up o n the t o o t h

str uc t u re H e ha d f o u nd t h a t a lk a li e s a c te d up o n the c e m e nt
.

by ne u tra lizi ng t he a cid of c ry sta liz a t i on which li be ra te d the ,

o xid e o f zi nc as a p re cipi t a t e S trong a cid s o v e r p o w er the ph o s .

h o ri c a cid a nd act up o n the o xid e the l a tte r di sa pp e a r i ng i n

p ,

the so lu t i on S o a s ha d b e e n r e f e rr e d to by D r C assidy w e
.
,
.
,

will fi nd a m o re ra pid l o ss in m o nths i n which putre fa ct i o n i s

g o i ng o n b e ca u se pu tre fa ct i on b e i ng di sti ngui sh e d f ro m f er
,

m e nta ti o n o nl y by the p re se nc e of ni tro g e n and it has b e e n ,

sh o w n by D r W a tt th a t o ne stag e i n the f o r m a ti o n o f ni tri c

.

a ci e w a s the f or m a t i o n o f a mm o ni a A mm o ni a di si nte grate s the .

c e me nt by ne utra lizi ng the a cid of cry staliz a ti on .

D R A R NOL D sa id b e fill e d r o o t s wi t h o xychl or id e by u si ng

.

fi bre s o f c ott o n o n a sm a ll b r e a ch .

D R M C K E L L O P S d e fi e d a ny o ne to fill pulp c a na l s wi t h o xy
.

chl or id e of zi nc a s w e ll a s w i th a so lu t i on o f gu tta p er ch a H e
,
-

sa id t h e r e w a s o f te n m o re th a n one o p e ni ng a t t he a p e x He .

c a n t e ll wh e n t he g utta p e r ch a ha s rea ch e d t he a p e x by w a t chi ng

-

t he c o u nte na nc e o f the p a t i e nt .

D R G RAY sa id he e nl a r g e d t he roo t c a na l a nd fill e d wi th i o d o

.

f orm a nd o il of c a ssi a .

D R F A H UN T ER Ci nci nna ti O hi o sa id he w a s ne v e r su re
. . .
, , ,

t h a t b e fill e d b ut t w o roo t s p e rf e c t ly a nd t h o se w e r e wh ere t he ,

gu tta p e r ch a a pp e are d at the Op e ni ng o f the si nu s l e a di ng fro m

-

t he r oo t s .

D W H S I L L I T O X e ni a O hi o ask e d if i t w as not t he
R . . .
, , ,

o xychl o r id e o f zi nc which ha d t he th e ra p e u t ic e ff e c t .

T he a nnu a l e l e c t i o n o f o ffic e r s e nsu e d wi th t he f o ll owi ng re

sul t : P re sid e nt D r M H F l e t ch er Ci nci nna t i ; F i rst V ic e
,
. . .
,

Pre sid e nt D r L E Cu ste r D ay ton ; S e c ond V ic e Pre sid e nt

,
. . .
,
-

D r O tto A rno ld C o lumbu s ; C o r r e sp o ndi ng S e c r e ta ry D r H

.
, ,
. .

T M atl a ck C o vi ng to n K y ; R e c or di ng S e cr eta ry D r H T
.
, ,
.
,
. . .

Smi th Ci nci nnati T re asu re r D r Fr a nk A H u nter Ci nci nnat i

, ,
. .
,
.

( T o B E C ON T INUE D ) .
 C o l l e ge s .

M I SS OURI D EN T AL C OLLE GE .

T he c o mm e nc e m e nt e x e r ci se s o f the Mi sso u r i D e nta l C o ll e ge

w ere h e ld i n M e m or i a l H a ll o n the e v e ni ng o f M ar ch 1 3 th 1 890 , , ,

i n c o nne c t i o n w i th the S t L o ui s M e dic a l C ol l e g e . .

P ro f A ll e y ne M D d e a n of the l a tte r c oll e g e c o nf e rre d the

.
,
. .
, ,

d egre e of M D up on t we nty tw o gra d ua te s . .

-

P ro f W H E a m e s
. c o nf e rre d t he d e g ree of D D S
. .
,
. . .

up on the f o ll o wi ng g e nt l e m e n
W l l i am H A uer, J ‘

k
F ra n A K i ml e r L er oy I l l
i
e fl e r so n C i ty ,
. .
, , .

l0 . P a u l W K e l l e r S t L ou i s M o ( C ol
.
, .
, .

T h o m a s T B ak e r , L i t chfi e l d , I l l l ege )
k
. . .

W al te r M B ar tl e tt , S t L o ui s, M o
. . . F r a n M L o wry F arm er C i ty 1 11 .
, , .

E d w ar d W B e a r , S e d al i a , M o v
,

. . M ar c u s A M ac e , B e l l e i l l e , 1 11 . .

A l b er t G B o w m a n, M o nr o e , L a P e t e r H M o rr i so n, S t L o u i s, M o
k
. . . . .

F ra n H e nry C aug he l l , M D , M or . . z
L or e n A N a um ann, S t L o ui s, M o . . .

r i so n, M o . C h ar l e s W O t t , G ar d ne r , K a s . .

W i l l i a m A M C um mi ng , F armer T l o d ore L P e p p e rl i ng , H ol st i ne ,
fi
. . .

C i ty I l l
. . 0 .

J oh n E D e g g e nd orf , P o t o si , M o
. . T homa s N P e rr i ne , A nna , 1 11 . .

W a rd e n B D e nni s, J r , E tfi ngh a m,
. . H arry W P i e r ce , F o rt W a y ne , I nd
. .

I li J am e s H P rot h ro w M o nr oe , L a . , .

E d ard S ch r a nt , W arre nt o n, M o
w z
‘

P e t er H e nry E i sl o e fi e l , 1 1 02 C hou
j
.

t e a u a v e , S t L o u i s, M o . . . B e n a m i n Q S te e ns, H a nni b al . v ,

H e nry D F i e l d , 1 55 4 L af ay e tte
. Mo .

S t L ou i s M o D vi d R i l ey T agg ar t C a m p b e l l
fi
ave . . . , . a .

J o h n W F o r d e n, S pr i ng e l d , 1 11 H i l l , 1 11
x
. . .

J o h n J G r e e r , L e i ng t o n, M o
. . T h o m a s E T r ne r , C a rre l t on, M 0 . u .

J o se p h C ar t e r G ood r i h , W e ntz c E d g a r M W h i se t t C e nt er i e w ,.
,
v
v il l e , M o . Mo .

E d w i n C H a m m e n, J e ff er so n, C i ty ,
. Fre d e r i k V W a l d ro n, E a ns C i t y ,
c . v
Mo . Pa .

G u i l f or d B . H o u ste n, C a rrol l t o n, Fr an i s W W i l l ard , A nna , I l l

c . .

M0 .

T he p r iz e s w e re a w ard e d a s fo ll o w s :
T H E S T L OU I S DEN T AL SO C IE T Y P R IZE a G o ld M e d a l by
.
,
.
,

D r H e nry F i sh e r t o P e t e r H M o rr i so n
. w ho re c e iv e d,
.
,

t he high e st v o t e o n fi na l e x a mi na ti o n .

T H E J WA R REN WI C K PRIZE tw e nty fi v e d o ll a rs i n g o ld to

.
,
-

J a m e s H P ro thro w . w ho re c e iv e d ne x t to the high e st ,

v o te o n fi na l e x a mi na ti o n .
1 86 TH E A R C HIVE S OF DEN T I S TR Y .

S S WH I T E DEN T AL MANUF A C T URING CO M P

TH E . . S PR I ZE ANY ’
,

a se t o f V a rne y Plugg e rs t o F re d e r ick V W a ld ro n f or ,

.
,

e xc e lli ng i n o p era t i v e d e nt i stry .

T H E S T D O U I S DEN T AL MANUF A C TU RIN G CO MPANY S PRI Z E a

.
’
,

L a b ora to ry L ath e to Jam es H P rothro w f o r t he b e st

,
.
,

sp e cim e ns o f a r t ifici a l t e e th .

A l a rge and e nthu si a stic a udi e nce li ste ne d wi th pl e a su re to

the mu si c a nd sp e e che s Prof Jo h n P B ry so n d e liv er e d the . . .

v a l e dictory i n b e h alf o f the f a cul ty .

T he m a t r icul a nts f o r t he se ssi o n w e r e se v e nty fi v e g ra du ate s -

, ,

thi rty f o u r —
.

D EN TAL D E P AR TM EN T S . U I . .

igh t h annu al c o mm e nc e m e nt of the D e nta l D e p ar tm e nt

T he e

o f the S ta t e U niv e r si ty o f I o w a w as h e ld a t t he O p e r a H o u se ,

I o w a Ci ty o n M o nd ay e v e ni ng M ar ch 1 0 1 890 T he annu al
, , ,
.

a dd ress w a s d e liv e r e d by H o n R G C ou si ns Tipton I o wa . . .

, ,
.

P r e sid e nt Ch ar l e s A S chac fi er P h D c o nf err e d the de gr e e of

'

.
,
. .
,

D o ctor of D e nta l Su rge ry up o n the fo llowi ng nam e d ge ntl e m e n

T G A l b i n, S t L ou i s, M o R L am are a ux , A sh l and , N e b
E
k
. . . . . . .

J . V A nd e r son, C am b r i d g e b oro ,
. F L o w , W au on, I a
. H . .

Pa . W B M a nd e i l l e A u st i n, M i nn
. . v , .

F J B e th e l , D e n e r , C ol v E d w ar d M or to n, I o a F a l l s, I a w
k
. . . .

A D B ar er , G r i nne l l , I a W F M cD onal d M t P l e asa nt , I a

ck
. . . . . . .
,

B e nt o n B e m e nt , L o p ort N Y . . . C has R M c C a nd l e ss, D a e nport

. . v
C E B oo th , W S up e ri or , W i s I
k
. . . a .

C M C ob b , C l e ar L a e , I a
. . . W . E M a b e e , S he l d on, 1 a
.

C E C ol e m a n, D e c or ah , I a G C ; M arl o w , L a nc a st e r , W i s
k k x
. . . . .

G W C o o , H y d e P ar , I l l
. . . E . H N a um ann, O f ord J u nct i on,
.

C h a s D orm an, M a nch e st e r I a

.
,
. l a .

A nd re D i ng w e l l , D e W i tt , I a
w H 0 R O tt u m wa I
k
. . . o g ers, , a .

J H D o r i al C al e d oni a , M i nn
. . v . . G . S ch W .
, e b ra s a w ar tz , M D . . N
F E D a v ol l , M a d i so n, D ak
. . . C i ty , N e b .

J W G l ue si ng , M ol i ne , I l l S L S e e l e y , M a nch e st er , I a
xw
. . . . . .

N a t h a ni e l G l a sgo , M a el l , I a w R i ch ar d S umm a , S t L ou i s M o
k
. . . .

C H G ib son, C h a s a , M i nn
. . . W H S i m p so n B e l l e u e , I a
. . . v .

C D T i fi a ny , M a a
‘

R H G uy H u nt l e y , M a so n C i t y , I a C i ty , I a
V
. . . . . .

J G H i l d e b r and W a t e rl o o , I a
. .
. . E A T a y l or
. i l l i sc a , I a
. . .

J W H ub b ar d , M u sc a t i ne , I a
. . . P L V a n W i nt e r , T a c om a , W a sh
. . .

H a rr i e t M ab e l J o ne s W i nt e r se t , I a . . H V a n W i nt e r , M ar sh al l t o n, I a
. w .

W H J al l i ng s, W a sh i ng t on, M i nn
. . . T B Wal l a ce , M orr i son, I a
. . .

C l au d e K re m e r M a b e l , M i nn . . H att i e E W e l l s, P e rr y , I a . .

F B K re m er , C al e d o ni a , M i nn
. . .

M a t r icul a nts f o r the se ss o n i 1 20 .

 C o rre s po nde nc e .

ED I T OR A HI V E S
R C
’
I n the di scu ssi on of D r Fa u ght s p a p e r r e p o r te d i n y o u r
.
,

M ar ch numb er I a m r e pre se nte d a s sayi ng

,
T he e ssayi st “

re m a r k e d t h a t the st ud e nt s w ho ha d g ra du a t e d f ro m a d e nt a l

c oll e ge did no t k no w th a t I t i s the a ci d se c re ti ons f ro m the

muc o u s f ollicl e s w hich d e stroy o xyph o sph a te filli ng s I was .
”

qu o ti ng r m a p a p e r which I ha d h e ar d l e a d by D I Sh e p a rd .
,

of B o st o n .I re g re t to say t h a t I h a v e m isquo te de d him by

i nse r ti ng the w o r d a cid ”
H i s e x a c t l a ngu a ge which I fi nd i n
“
.
,

t he p r i nte d I e pO I t o f hi s l e ctu I e i s N e aI l y e v e ry g radu a t e , ,

“

se e m e d to b e I nO I a nt t h a t t h e m w a s a ny m uc o u s f o llicl e s to c o n
g

t I ib u te to the fluid s I n t he m o u th e t c H e d o e s no t say a cz d

” “
.
,
.

I h ave the ref O I e mi sre pre se nte d him a nd wi sh to do him j u stice ,

by thi s c o rre c ti o n I n fu rt h e r e xpl a nati o n l e t m e say th a t I h a d

.
,

h e a rd D r Sh e p ard s p a p e r a nd wh en at the N e w a rk me e t i ng
.
’
, ,

D r F a ugh t sa id th a t a l ka l i es d e str o y oxyphosphate s a g e ntl e

.
,

m a n ne x t to m e whi sp e re d D r Sh e p a rd sa id a cid s d o “
up o n ”
“

.
, ,

which I se e m e d to re c a ll th a t he ha d d one so I m enti o ne d it .

,

m e a ni ng to b ri ng up t he p o i nt th a t w e ca n sc a r c e ly e xp e c t
d e fi ni te a nsw e r s f ro m st ud e nts up o n qu e sti o ns w hich h a v e no t
b e e n d e fi ni te ly d e cid e d I n a noth e r p a ra g ra ph I u se the e xp res
.

”
si o n w a s]; ou t i n such a w ay th a t it so u nd s as th o ugh D r
, .

Sh e p a rd ha d u se d it H e did b u t i t w a s a s a qu o t a ti o nf ro m the
.

stud e nts u nd e r c ri ti ci sm .

I h e p e th a t yo u will giv e thi s sp a c e .

R e sp e ctful l y ,

1 1 5 M a di so n A v N Y .
,
R O D RE G UE S O T T O L E N G U I
. . .

D R WM B AR T LE TT i s d e m o nstra to r in ch a rg e a t the M i sso u ri

. .

D e nta l C o ll e g e H e ha s m a d e m e ch a nic al d e nti stry a sp e ci a l ty

.

f o r a nu m b e r o f y e a rs but du ri ng the p a st t wo sessi o ns ha s ta k e n

,

a re gul a r c o u rse a t the c o ll e g e a nd i s no w a full fle d e d d e nt i st

g
-

, .
 S dite ri e u .

D R J OHN ALLEN . .

S o m e se v e nty fi v e d e nti st s m e t a t Sh e r ry s B anqu e t H a ll

-
’
,

F ifth a v e nu e o n the e v e ni ng o f M ar ch 8th to te nde r a com

, ,

p l i m e nt ar
y di nne r t o J o h n A ll e n w ho ha s ro u nd e d the fif ti e t h ,

mil e sto ne o f a ct iv e p r a ctic e

-

N e w Yo r k B r o o kly n B ost o n a nd N e w J erse y w e r e re pre

, ,

se nte d All see m e d d e ligh te d to do h ono r to the go o d do ctor

.
,

w ho ha s re a ch e d the p er i o d wh e n a ge ra t h e r th a n bl o o d t e ll s , ,
.

I t i s a g o o d cu st o m t o t h us h o nor a nd ch e e r th ose who h a v e

‘

b e e nfa i thf u l w ork ers i n o ur r ank s .

Fou r y e a rs ago t h e y thu s di ne d a nd h onore d D r Jo h n B . .

R ich and it ch e e re d a nd wa rm e d his h e art Th re e y e ars ago .

D r W H D w i ne ll w a s di ne d a nd wi ne d a nd he ha s b e e n
. . .
,

re ne wi ng hi s y o u t h e v er si nc e T w o y e ars a go D r W H . . . .

Atki nson ro u nde d up the fift y y e ars and th e y di ne d a nd wi ne d ,

him a nd he i s ye t w e are gl a d to re c or d o ne of the b oy s Thi s

, , ,
.

y e ar i t c a m e D r J o h n A ll e n s t urn t o b e wi ne d a nd di ne d a nd
’ .
,

w e al l h o p e t he g oo d ch e er a nd f ri e nd ship m a nif e ste d will c a u se

him to o t o re j o ic e y e t th e se m any y e ars
, ,
.

J o h n A ll e n ga v e t o d e nt i stry the m o st cl e a nly a nd b e a u tiful

d e nt u r e e v e r pu t in hum an m ou th a nd he ha s giv e n to hum ani ty ,

a nd t he w o r ld a ch ar a c te r a nd lif e e qu a lly a s cl e a n a nd b e au t i

ful Wh e r e ve r d e nt i stry is k no w n k no w n a s it sh o uld b e in its

.
—

p e rf e ct i o n th e r e co nti nu o u s gum i s k no w n a nd th ere goe s wi t h

—
,

i t a l w a y s t he na m e of J o h n A ll e n
, ,
.

Wh at a sw e et t h o ugh t a nd c onso l a ti on it i s to thi nk a nd k no w

t h a t y o u h a v e d o ne som e t hi ng f o r the w o rld a nd t h a t i t appr e ,

ci a te s a nd th a nk s you ; t o f ee l th a t o ur liv e s h a v e not b e e n liv e d

i n v a i n a nd t h ou g h w e m ay not h a v e r e c e iv e d a l l the d o ll ar s w e
,

wi sh e d f or ye t we a re r ich i n bl e ssi ng s a nd the go o d will of a l l

, ,
-

If so the n John A ll en i s rich f o r al l the w orld bl e sse s him

, ,
.

( 1 88 )
 ED I T ORIAL . 1 89

S OU T HERN D EN TAL A SS O C IA TION .

T he S o u th e rn D e nta l A sso ci a t i o n will m e e t i n A tl a nta G a ,

.
,
’
o n Tu e sd a y the 1 5 th da o f July ne x t a t 1 0 o cl o ck A M
y , ,
.

A co rdi a l i nvi ta ti o n is e x te nd e d to the p rofe ssi o n t o m ee t wi th

u s o n t h a t o cc a si o n A ny c a se s i n p ra ctic e o f u nu su a l i nt e re st
.
,

I wo uld b e gl a d to h a v e re p orte d .

From the numb e r o f p a pe rs a nd cl i nic s p ro mi se d a nd the ,

ch ara c te r and high sta ndi ng of the w r i te r s a nd o p e ra tor s t he ,

m e eti ng p ro mi se s to b e o ne o f u nu su a l i nt e r e st L e t no ne st a y .

a w a y f ro m thi s f e a st w ho c a n p ossibly a tte nd .

JOHN C S T OREY P re s S D A .
,
. . . .

AM E D E D DEN TAL L AW T he Mi ssi ssippi l e gi sl at u re j u st

N .
—
,

p r i or to a dj o u rnm e nt Fe b 24 th so a m e nd e d the de nta l l a w ,

.
,

th a t h e r e a f te r p e r so ns b e gi nni ng t he p r a c t ic e o f d e nt i st ry i n
, ,

Mi ssi ssippi mu st p a ss a n e x a m i na ti o n by the b o a r d of e xa m in

,
‘

e rs wh e t h er t h e y h ol d a dipl o m a o r no t
, .

JULIE N W R U S S ELL of .B ro o kly n N Y c a ll e d , ,

. .
,

o n t he p ro f e ssi o n i n o ur ci ty re c e ntly H e w a s o n hi s way to .

the P a cific C o a st c o mbi ni ng bu si ne ss a nd pl e a su r e , T he bu si .

ness i s i ntro duci ng hi s a ll o y a nd c o pp e r a m a lg a m ; the m a i n

p asu r e i s a Vi sit t o hi s m oth e r a nd si ster i n S a n F ra nci sc o C a l

l , .

D R . K IRK ,
of P hil a d el phi a ha s
ti re ly re c o v e r e d f ro m his en

v e ry se v ere i l l ne ss a nd w a s h e ar tily w e lc o m e d by the F i rst D is

,

tr i e t S o ci e ty b e f ore wh o m he r e a d a p a p e r a t the M a r ch m e e t
,

i ng. D r K i r k s e ssa y s a re a lw a y s so c a re fully p re p are d t h a t

’ .
,

e a ch o ne i s a c o nt r ibu ti o n to t he li te r a tu r e o f the p ro f e ssi o n

which will liv e .

TH E DEN T AL PRO T E C T I V E A S S O C IA T IO N Thi s A sso ci a ti o n —

has a l a rg e m e mb e r shi p a nd a v a st a m o u nt o f te sti m o ny i n

re g ar d to c ro w n a nd b r idg e w o r k a nt id a t i n a l l p a t e nts o w ne d
g
-

by the I T C C o T he tim e wi l l so o n be r ip e f or a n i nc re a se
. . . .

i n m e mb e r ship f e e Th o se w ho a re no t m e mb e r s h a v e b ut a
. .

b ri e f p e ri o d i n which to ge t i n o n the g ro u nd flo o r f o r the sm a ll -

f e e o f $1 0 I f yo u wi sh to b e p ro te c te d se nd y o u r na m e a nd
.
,

$1 0 to D r J N C ro u se 2 2 3 1 P ra i ri e a v e Chic a g o I ll
, . . .
,
.
, ,
.
 B ri e f m e n on ti .

D R O TTO L L E N G UI sa y s t h a t his i nstrum e nts which he o rigi

nt
.
,

a ed f o r i m pl ana ti o n o p e ra t i o ns a r e j u st the t hi ng
,
”
fO I
“

ne m e si s .

D R . J . W . A IK N
l o c a te d a t 1 03 2 M a i n S t K a nsas
I i s no w .
,

Ci ty M 0 T he d o cto r i s t he l o ng e st and t hi nne st d e nti st i n the

,
.

Mi sso u r i S ta te A sso ci a ti on .

D R . J . H K ENNERLY
d e m o nstrat or in ch ar g e o f t he I nfi r
.
,

m ary o f the Mi sso u r i D enta l C oll e ge f or the p ast t w o sessi ons i s ,

no w l o c a t e d i n L e a dvill e C ol ,
.

The S ou t/z er n D enta l Jo u rna l c a m e to h and a f ew d a y s a f te r

the 1 5 th i nst D r H H Jo h nson . . . .
,
the ne w e di tor ,
star t s o ut

w e ll . W e wi sh him e v ery succ e ss .

D R . G AR E TT
ON is e xh a u st iv e ly r e vi si ng hi s w ork o n Ora l
R S

Su rge r y T he ne x t e di ti o n will h a v e much ne w m a te ri al

.
,

i ncludi ng a numb e r o f ne w illu stra t i ons .

TH E M I NNE S O T A S T A T E DE N TAL A S S O C I A T IO N will h old i t s

se v e nt h a nnu a l m ee t i ng i n Mi nne a p o li s W e d ne sd a y Thu r sd a y , ,

a nd F r id a y July 9 1 0 a nd 1 1 ,
1 890 , ,
.

M G JEN I S O N C o r S e c . .
, . .

D R . T . R R . o ss, f or m e rly C e d ar R a pid s I o w a i s no w

of , ,

l o ca te d at 3 904 Indi ana Av e Chicago I l l T he I o wa A sso ci a

.
, , .

t i on l oo se s o ne o f i t s m o st e ffici e nt a nd a c t iv e me m b e r s by the

a b o v e ch a ng e .

PE R IO S TEAL I N FLAM M A T ION I h a v e f o u nd so m e ti me s af te r .

—
, ,

tre a t i ng sor e t e e t h f o r se v e ra l d ay s wi t h o u t gi vi ng re li e f a nd ,

wh e r e the tro ubl e w a s so m e wh a t ob scu re and ha d pro b a bly b e e n ,

di ag no se d a s p e r i o ste a l i nfla mm a ti on o r so m e thi ng of a ki nd re d ,

na tu re t h a t a pill of c a l o m e l 2 g ra i ns so d a b i c a rb 3 gra i ns
, , ,
-
.
, ,

ta k e n j u st b e fore r e ti ri ng a t nigh t b ro ugh t thi ngs a ll stra ight ,

nex t day T ry i t o n y o u r ne x t p a t i e nt w i t h a sore te e th

. It .

c er ta i nly h old s go o d i n m a l ar i a l di stri cts A H H IL Z I M . . . .

 B R IEF M EN T I ON . 1 91

D R S . A G
BO W M AN AN D J H P R O T H R O W h a v e f o rm e d
. . . .

a p a r tne rship f o r t he pu rp o se o f p ra c t ici ng d e nti stry i n M o nr o e

, ,

L a . W e c o mm e nd th e m to the p ro f e ssi o n i n L o ui si a na B o th .

a re re c e nt g ra du a te s o f t he Mi sso u r i D e nt a l C o ll e g e .

D R C W L E W I S Chic a g o I ll o n a cc o u nt o f o v e rw o r k a nd
. . .
, ,
.
,

partly ill h e a l th ha s b e e n ta ki ng a S o u th e rn tr ip i n o rd er to
-

, ,
'

r e cup e ra t e t a ki ng i n Ch a tta no o g a L o o k o u t M o u nta i n A t la nta

, , , ,

J a ckso nvill e a c r oss the G ulf t o N e w O rl e a ns th e n h o m e

, ,
.

T H E WORL D TY P E W RI T ER W e a re gl a d to c a ll a tte nti o n to .

—

the fa c t t h a t a t l ast a ne w typ e w r i te r ha s b e e n i nv e nte d th a t

will fill t he w a nts of the p ro fe ssi o na l m e n Fo r f urth e r p a r ti e n .

l ars a dd re ss t he a dv e rt i se r H M Stra d e r
,
C c 608 W al nu t ,
. . .
,

S t S t L o ui s M o
.
,
.
,
.

T H E BROOKLYN SO C I E T Y has b e e n b o o mi ng thi ng s thi s w in

”

te r . Th e y h a v e h e ld public cli nic s o nc e a m onth a nd the a tte nd ,

a nc e ha s b e e n so g ra t ifyi ng t h a t t h e y h a v e d e cid e d t o c o nt i nu e

t h e m a s a p e r m a ne nt f e a t u re o f th e i r S o ci e ty w o r k Thi s i s a .

g oo d id ea T he F i rst Di str ic t S o ci e ty o f N e w Y o rk ha s b e c o m e
.

f a m ou s m a i nly i n t hi s di re ct i on O th e r so ci e t i e s S h o uld try i t . .

BRI D G E WORK T he m est sa ti sf a c tor y f or m of se c ti o na l

-
.

d entu re s ( b r idge w ork ) se cu re d by c ro w ns a re m a d e o f g old a nd

-

pl ati num I o r L b ar e ac h e nd sold e re d to the c ro w ns

,
“ ” “ ”
, ,

a nd t h e n a c o rre c t ar ti cul a ti o n o b ta i ne d a nd r ubb e r te e t h u se d

t he sp a c e b e t w e e n the c ro w ns e nti re ly fi ll e d wi th r ubb e r re sti ng ,

up o n the gum e nv e l o pi ng the g o ld a nd pl a ti num b ar and a r ticu

, ,

l ati ng a ga i nst the o ccl udi ng te e th I h a v e u se d t hi s fo r m f o r .

m any y ea rs . W M N MO R R I S ON . . .

DE N T AL Th e re is a bill b e fore the l e gi sl a tu re o f the

L Aw .
—

S tate of N e w Y ork w hich p ro vid e s th a t al l dipl o m as g ra nte d to ,

m e dic a l stud e nt s sh all b e c o nfe rre d by a S ta te b o ar d of e x a m

,

i ne rs the c oll e g e s b e i ng thu s d e p r iv e d of th e i r p re se nt p r ivil e g e

, .

T he b o a rd i s to b e a pp o i nte d by t he R e g e nt s o f the S ta t e ( w ho
c o nt ro l e duc a t i o na l i nt e re sts i n g e ne ra l ) f ro m c a ndid a te s r e c o m ,

m e nd e d by the Sta te M e dic a l A sso ci a ti o n I f thi s l a w is p a sse d .

‘
,

i t wil l b e a st e p to w a r d a simil a r a c ti o n i n re ga rd to t he de n ,

t a l sch o o l s .
 TH E A R C H I V E S OF DE N T T I S R Y .

I N TE NA T IONAL ME D I C AL CONGRE S S R a tes : the H a mbu rg

R —

A m er ica n Pa ck e t C o will se ll ro u nd trip tick ets by the Fast

.
-

L i ne at a re duc ti o n of 1 0 pe r c e nt a nd o n the M a il L i ne at a .
,

r e duc t i o n o f 1 5
p e r c e nt a l so the ste a m e r A u gu st V ic tori a will
.
,

ta k e p asse ng e rs o n the g o i ng tr ip f o r a r e duc ti o n o f 2 5 pe r ce nt .

o n July 2 4 th the Wi e l a nd sa ili ng o n t he 1 9th o f July will m a k e ,

a r e duc t i o n o f 1 5 e r c e nt o n the g o i ng t r ip Fo r fu rth er

p . .

i nfo rm a t i o n a dd re ss the c o mp a ny a t 3 7 B ro a dw a y N Y o r
, ,
. .
,

P O B ox 2 5 67
. . .

VI C K S T A T E F AIR PEO R IA I L L SE PT E MB ER 29th 1 890

—
, ,
.
, ,
.

J a m e s V ick se e d sm a n o f R o ch e ste r N Y o fle rs
, ,
in ,
. .
,

c a sh p re mium s to b e a wa rd e d a t t he I lli no i s S ta te F a i r by the

, ,
’
S o ci e ty s j udg e s f o r b e st c a bb a ge c e l e ry po ta to e s c a ulifl o w e r
, , , , ,

t o m a to e s mu sk m e l o n o ni o ns a nd m a ng e l
,
La st y e ar the
, ,
.

p r iz e s a w a r de d a t the N e w Y o rk S ta te F a i r w e nt to P e nnsy l
v a ni a Michig a n I o w a and N e w Yo rk A l l i nte re st e d in v e g
, ,
.

'
e ta bl e s sh o uld se nd t o V i ck of R o ch e ster f or p articul a rs , ,

re g a r di ng thi s o fl er N o d o ub t i t will b e o ne o f the p r i ncip a l

.

f e a tu re s o f i nt e re st a t the f a i r .

T he V ick s will ere c t a se p a ra t e buildi ng or t e nt in which , ,

t h e y will m a k e a g r a nd S h o w o f fl o w e r s wi th the v e g e ta bl e s a nd ,

will b e o n h and to re c e iv e th e i r f r i e nd s .

HI KOR Y R OO T F ILL I NG D R WHI T E p r ote ste d a ga i nst any

C -
.
— .

o ne c o nd e m ni ng a t hi ng o f wh ich he k ne w no t hi ng H e ha d .

fill e d stra igh t ro o ts wi th hick ory f o r e igh te e n or ni ne te e n y e ars .

H e d o e s no t fill the e nt i re c a na l not m ore th a n o ne e igh t h o f a n — -

i nch at the a p e x T he o bj e ct in u si ng it i s t o k no w th at the

.
,

for a m e n i s cl o se d ; th e n y o u can fill the ro o t wi t h any t hi ng

d e si re d T he m e th o d i s to fi l e a pi e c e o f w e ll se a so ne d d e nse
.
-

hick o ry a l m o st to a p o i nt t h e n p a ss it up t o the a p e x I f t h e re
,
.

i s the sligh te st i ndic a t i o n of p a i n wi thd r a w t he w oo d cut off a , ,

sh or t pi e c e f r o m t he e nd ; a g a i n i nse r t m ark a t the cu tti ng ,

e dg e of t he t oo th t h e n a g a i n wi thd ra w and wi th a sha r p k nif e ;

, ,

m a k e a g ro v e a r o u nd it a b o u t an e ighth of an i nch fr o m the ,

p o i nt a nd b e nd the e nd o v e r wi th o u t b e ak i ng it o ff I nse rt f or
, ’
.

t he l a st t i m e the p r o p e r p o si t i o n b e i ng i ndi ca te d b y t he g ro ov e
'

, ,

t ap it ho m e a nd t wi st o ff t he p o i nt
,
.
 S UC C E S S O R TO

Mi ssouri nenta l Journa l , a l so Consol i da te d wi th N ew E ng l a nd Journa l of D entistry .

VO L . VI I .
,
N o . M AY ,
1 890 . N
[ E W SE R IE S .

c o i e ti e s .

P ROFE SSIONAL E THI CS .

*

BY \ VAL D O E . B OA DM A
R N ,
B O TO S N ,
MA SS .

Much ha s b e e n w ri tte n u p o n the subj e ct of p ro f e ssi o na l e thi c s

i n re c e nt y ea rs a nd i ts a ppli c a t i o n wi t h re f e r e nc e t o the d e nt a l
,

p ro f e ssi o n M a ny e mi ne nt w ri ters h a v e c o ntribu te d to i ts li te r

.

a tu re t h e i r vi e w s a nd imp re ssi o ns a nd I a m a w a r e th a t I r e nde r,

my sel f o p e n to se v e re c r i ti ci sm f ro m so m e w o rthy m e mb e rs o f
o u r p ro f e ssi o n w ho ar e no t i n a cc o rd wi t h my c o nvi c ti o ns but
, ,

I a m c o nso l e d by the th o ugh t th a t in utte ri ng th e se se nti m e nts

I a m e xp re ssi ng th o se of ma ny o th e rs .

Th o se w ho p re c e de d u s i n o u r c a lli ng fo rm ul a te d rul e s f o r t he
re gul a t i o n o f o u r r e l a t i o ns t o e a ch o t h e r a nd to t he public wh ic h

w e se rv e th e i r m o tiv e s b e i ng t he p re v e nti o n o f qu a ck e ry f ra u d
, , ,

de c e i t e tc a nd i n th e m se lv e s w e re e mi ne ntly p ro p e r b u t the
,
.
, ,

R e ad b e f o re th e H ar v ard O do nto l og i c al c
S o i e ty , J anu a ry 30, 1 890 .

( 193 )
1 94 TH E A R C H I V E S OF DEN T I S TR Y .

c o d e has o f l a te b e e n c o nstru e d a s e sta bli shi ng a cl ass distinc

t i o n which o u r f a th e r s did no t i nte nd .

Prof e ssi o na l e thi c s m ay m e a n o ne thi ng o r m ay m e an a no th e r

, ,

a cc or di ng t o wh o se i nt e r e st s a re b e ne fi tte d o r i nj u re d W ho .

sh a ll say wh a t t h o se b e ne fi t s or i nj u r i e s a r e u nl e ss i t b e t he
,

p ra cti ti o ne r him self ? H o w m a ny to day a re p r a c tici ng i n str ic t

a cc o r d a nc e wi t h publicly d e cl ar e d p ro f e ssi ona l d o c tr i ne s ? H ow
m a ny ar e p ra c t ici ng si mply f o r the l o v e of t he p ro fe ssi on a nd
f o r t he b e ne fi t o f hum a n i ty ?
I t i s a l l v e ry w e ll f o r t h o se w ho h a v e r i se n to e mi ne nc e a nd
w e a l t h i n the p ro f e ssi o n t o a sk o t h e r s t o liv e i n h o p e t h a t the
,

public will fl o ck to the i r o fli ce s f or v a l u e d p ro fe ssi o na l servic e s ,

a nd p o u r m one y i nt o t h e i r c o ff e r s wi t h o u t b e i ng k no w n H ow .

d o the r e pu ta bl e m e n i n o ur p ro f e ssi o n o b t a i n t h e i r l arge

cli e nt e l e ? M a ny will t e ll y ou t h e y do no t a dve rti se a nd w e ,

k no w t h e y p re a ch t he gold e n r ul e b ut do th e y no t a dv e rti se ?
,

‘Th e r e a re m a ny w a y s i n which d e nti st s a tt e mp t a n a dv

“
.
,

a nd f e w ne gl e c t t he o pp o r t u ni ty I f not a dv e rti si ng wh at i s i t
.
,

wh e n d e nt i sts put th e i r c ards i n a l o c a l p a p e r ; or di stribu te

g ra tui to u sly t h r o ugh the m a il t h e i r publi sh e d e ssay s o r pl a c e ,

t h e m up o n t h e i r r e c e p t i o n r o o m t a bl e s f o r p e r u sa l wi th a r e qu e st
t o h a nd t o f r i e nd s st ra ng e r s e tc
, ,
.or di str ibu t e ci r cul ar s d e scri p

t iv e o f so m e ne w pr e p a ra t i o n o f c e m e nt a l l e y or m a n
,
ufa ct ure
,

o f i nst r um e nt s a nd a ppli a nc e s o r se nd a n a g e nt t o c a nv a ss f ro m

o ffic e t o o ffic e f o r i ntr o duc t i o n a nd sa l e or p r i nt up on t he b a ck s

o f b u si ne ss c a r ds a nd a pp o i nt m e nt bl a nk s a li st of f e e s g o v e rn

i ng t h e i r p ro f e ssi o na l p r a ct ic e ; or a ssu m e i n p r i nt t h a t the i r

se r vi c e s are sup e r i or t o o t h e r s i n t he p r o f e ssi o n? W e a re
t r e a di ng up o n d a ng ero u s g ro u nd w h e n w e a dv o c a t e wh a t w e do
no t p r a c t ic e
.

H o w di st i ng ui sh the diff e r e nc e b e t w e e n t he p ra c t i ti o ne r s a nd
t he so ci e t i e s a dv e r t i si ng ? T he p r o c e e di ng s of o u r so ci e ti e s a r e
p ubli s h e d i n the d a ily p r e ss o f te nt im e s v e r b a t i m
,
h a s an m em
y
b e r e v e r p r o t e ste d a g a i nst t hi s wh o l e sa l e a dv e rt i si ng ? Th e i r
e ssa y s ha v e a pp eare d i n c old ty p e w i th d ue p ro m i ne nc e giv e n
,
’
t o the a u t h o r s na m e a s w e ll a s t h o se o f t he o ffic e rs of the
so ci e ty. A r e no t d e nt i st s lik e o th er p e o pl e f o nd of h a vi ng p e r
,

s na l m e nt i o n i n t he l o c a l p r e ss o f t h e i r re t u r n t o t o w n a f t e r a
o
 SO C IE T IE S . 1 95

’
s umm e r s re st a w a y f ro m h o m e ? I t is no t ne c e ssa ry f o r th e m
t o a nno u nc e t h e m se lv e s r e a dy t o re nd e r th e i r v a lu ed se r vi c e s a s ,

he re to f o re t o t h e i r o l d p a t i e nt s a nd t o a h o st o f ne w o ne s ; t he
,

i nte nt i s impli e d , which a l l m ay se e by re a di ng b e tw e e n the

‘

li ne s.

Th e y t e ll y o u thi s i s l e gi tim a te a nd not o ff e nsiv e a dv e rt i si ng .

G ra nte d ; bu t if so wh e re sh a ll t he li ne b e d ra w n ? I f i t i s
, ,

r igh t f or a mi nor i ty i n o ur p ro f e ssi o n t o p ra c t ic e a l l which ha s

b e e n e num e ra te d th e n l e t us a m e nd o u r c o d e o f e thic s to co n
,

f o r m t o the fa cts so th a t a l l m a y sta nd e qu a lly up o n a lib e ra l

a nd r e a so na bl e pl a tf o r m o th e r wi se a p r ivi l e g e d cl ass i s e st a b
—

l ishe d a s a g a i nst t he m a ny .

W e are fur th e r a dvi se d t h a t re pu ta bl e m e dic a l m e n do no t

c o u nte na nc e p a t e nt i ng o f i nv e nt i o ns a s i t i s i n vi o l a t i o n o f t h e i r
,

c o d e o f e t hi c s u np ro f e ssi o na l a nd t h e re f o r e giv e the p r o duc t o f

, ,

t h e i r b ra i ns t o t he p r o f e ssi o n ; b u t sh o uld t h e y b e l o ng t o t he
li te rary cl a ss f o r m a ny d o th e y h e si t a te no t i n c opy r igh t i ng
— —

t h e i r public a ti o ns t o th e i r o w n e xclu siv e u se a nd b e ne fi t .I f it

i s u np ro f e ssi o na l f o r m e dic a l m e n to p a te nt t he i r i nv e nt i o ns ,

w hy i s i t r igh t a nd p r o f e ssi o na l t o c o py r igh t t h e i r li t e r ary pro

d u cti o ns ? Why no t giv e th e m t o the public a s w e ll ? ,

I n l o o ki ng a t t he m e dic a l public a t i o ns i n t hi s c o u nt ry w r i tt e n
by th e se sa m e m e n yo u wil l fi nd m o st of th e m c o py r igh te d a nd
, ,

t he sa m e i s t r u e of d e nta l p ublic a t i o ns Wh a t i s a l l thi s f o r if

.
,

no t f o r p r o te c t i o n a nd b e ne fi t t o th o se w ho h a v e giv e n t im e a nd
m one y i n a dv a nci ng t h e se m a tters ? I f i t i s r igh t a nd j u st to
p ro te c t m e dica l su rgi c a l a nd d e nta l public a ti o ns by c o py r igh t
, ,

f o r the pu r p o se o f r e a pi ng a p e cu ni a ry c o nsid e r a t i o n why i s it,

no t o f e qu a l r ight to p ro t e c t su rgic a l a nd d e nta l i nv e nti o ns by

p t t A p a te nt a nd a c o py righ t a re p ra c tic ally o ne a nd the
a e n ?

sa m e .

A git a ti o n ha s o ccu rre d f o r m a ny y e ars p a st by li te ra ry pe o

p l e f o r a l a w t o p r o te c t t h e i r public a t i o ns f ro m pi ra cy a b ro a d ,

t h ro ugh i nte r na t i o na l c o py righ t Why a l l thi s e xci te m e nt a nd

.

a rgum e nt if by p r o te c ti o n i s st o o pi ng t o t ra d e a nd u n ro f e s
p
s io na l ? I t is w ell k no w n tha t M a rk Tw a i n ha s m a d e m o ne y a s
a publi sh e r a nd i t ha s b e e n sa id t h a t ha d th e re b e e n a n i nte r na
,

t io na l c o py righ t l a w b e tw e e n E ngl a nd a nd the U ni te d S ta te s he ,

 1 96 TH E A R C H I V E S OF DEN T I S TR Y .

w o uld h a v e m a d e a fortu ne a s an a u th or in li e u of h a vi ng go ne
i nt o the publi shi ng bu si ne ss .

A d o ct or of div i ni ty ha s no statuto ry prote cti on fro m h avi ng

a no t h e r u se hi s se r m o ns b u t he has t he m o r a l r igh t of pro t e c
,

t i o n a nd if a no th er st e a l s his t hu nd e r w e c a ll i t pl a gi ar i sm
, ,
.

Th ere a re m a ny p a te nte d i nv e nti ons u se d in su rgery o f which

the P a te nt O ffi c e re c o r d s will a tte st b u t b e c a u se m a ny i nv e nti o ns
,

i n m e dici ne o r su r g e ry are no t p ro te ct e d by p a te nt i s no r e aso n ,

why d e nt a l i nstr um e nts sh o uld no t be if i t i s the d e si re of the

i nve ntor I se e no m o re of tra d e i n p a te nti ng d e ntal o r su rgi ca l
.

i nstr um e nts th an i n c o py righ t i ng m e dic a l d e nta l th e ol o gi c al , , ,

l a w o r o th er public a t i o ns .

By the c o d e o f e thi c s the phy sici an i s pr o hibi te d f ro m re co m

m e ndi ng mi ne ra l wat e r s p at e nts o r m e dic a l p re p ara t i o ns H o w
, ,
.

m a ny liv e in h ar m ony wi th the c o d e ?

W e k no w th a t d e nti sts a re a lm o st wh o lly d e p e nd e nt up on
i nstru m e nts i nv e nte d t o p ra ct i c e t h e i r p ro fe ssi on whil e a phy si ,

c ia n o r su r g e o n i n m o st i nst a nc e s ne e d s no ne o f t h ese a ppli anc e s .

H e c ar r i e s hi s k no wl e dg e i n hi s h e a d whil e a d e nt i st re qui r e s ,

b oth S te p i nto the su rgic a l d e p a r tm e nt o f a m a nufa ctory and

.

se e t he i nstr um e nt s t h e r e m a d e f o r su r g e o ns a nd phy sici a ns ,

t h e n i nsp e c t t he d e nta l d e p art m e nt a nd y o u will fi nd a n a sso r t

,

m e nt of i nstr um e nts and a ppli a nc e s v a ste r in p ro p orti o n tha n

su rg e r y e v e r t h o ugh t o f .

We a r e m et by t he a rgu me nt th a t d e ntal p a te nts are b o ugh t

up by d e nta l m o no p o li sts i n the tr ad e and t h e re by re l e ga te a ,

u se ful i nv e nti o n to the pige o n h o l e s or put u p o n the a rt icl e a n

-

e no r m o u s p r ic e t h ere by c o m p e lli ng u s t o g o wi t h o u t o r p ay t he
,

fix e d p r ic e o f a gra spi ng c orp ora ti o n I s th at suffici e nt r e aso n

.

why a y o ung m a n sh ou ld l o se the p rofi t which a cc ru e s to him

fro m his b ra i n a nd skill ?
S o m e m e n o b ta i n e mi ne nc e a nd w e a l t h th r ough th e i r o w n
i ndividu a l e x e r t i o ns and skill d e r iv e d from m any a y e a r o f
,

w e a ry study l a b o r a nd l o ss o f sl e e p whil e anot h e r m ay h a v e

, ,

e xp e nd e d a f o r t u ne a s w e ll a nd as a r e sul t b r i ng s t o li g h t so m e
,
-

t hi ng ne w a nd u se ful t h e re f or e he se e k s p ro te c ti on a nd p ro fi t
,

wh ich t he p a te nt l a w s of t hi s c o u ntry a ffo r d B ut w e sa y he .

sh a ll no t b e re w a rd e d . Wh a t i nc e nt iv e th e n i s th e re f or a ny
 SO C IE T IE S . 1 97

m a n to u se hisi nv e ntiv e f a cul t i e s u nl e ss he i s t o re c e iv e a .

r e w a rd a nd ho w m a ny a re r e w ar d e d a f te r a l l ?
,
T he p a te nt l a w s
h a v e be e n i n for c e i n thi s c o u ntry o ne hu nd re d y e ars a nd pa t ,

c u ts a re g ra nte d f or t he p er i o d o f se v e nte e n y e a r s Th e re f ore .

,

if t he i nv e nto r o r his a ssig ne e d o e s no t re a p the re w ard d u e t o

hi s e ne rgy th e n i t i s c o nstr u e d to b e hi s ne glig e nc e
,
.

I t ha s b e e n h i nte d wh a t m a y h a pp e n i n the f utu r e sh o uld

p a te nts c o nt i nu e to b e g ra nte d e g the c o mpul si on o f the
,
. .
,

p aym e nt o f a roy a l ty o n a ch a i r a cc or d ing to the numb e r o f

p a ti e nts whi ch m ay b e r e gi ste re d by m e a ns o f a r e gi st er i ng
a tt a chm e nt t o sa id ch a i r wi th o u t the r ight of pu r ch ase o f t he
,

ch a i r i tse lf H ow a b su r d th a t w o uld b e ! Why ne e d any de n

.

t i st u se such a n a rticl e wh e n t h ere are pl e nty o f ch a i r s t o day

,
-

m o d e l s of p e rfe ct i o n a s w e l l a s i nstr um e nts no w p ate nt e d al l

, , ,

o f which will so o n b e c o m e public h he d e nt i st

'

ro e rt
p p y so t a t t ,

o f t he f u tu r e will b e a bl e t o o b t a i n a l l t h e se a t c o mp a r a t iv e ly

s m a ll e xp e nse by re aso n o f c o mp e t i t i on i n t h e se i nv e nt i o ns a t

t he e xpi ra t i o n o f the te r m o f e a ch p a te nt .

Sh o uld the p ate nt l a w s b e a b o li sh e d w ould t h ere b e th a t ,

i nc e ntiv e or stimulu s t o t he b ra i n of m a n i n t he li ne of i nv e n
t i on ? W o uld the Wiz a r d of M e nl o Pa rk b e no w w o rki ng wi th ,

a l l hi s i nv e nt iv e g e niu s t o b r i ng t o p e rf e c t i o n i nv e nt i o ns c o n
,

ceiv ed b
y h i s g re a t b ra i n ? H o w m a ny t o d a
y w o uld b e -
e nj o yi ng

t he fl ash of t he e l e c tr ic ligh t r idi ng i n v e hicl e s p r o p e ll e d by a n

,

i nvi si bl e f o r c e or li steni ng to the h e ll o f ro m the te l e ph o ne

,
“ ”
,

b ut f o r o ur wi se p a te nt l a w s ? I f t he p a te nt l a w s b e re p e a l e d ,

will i nv e nti o ns of the fu t u re b e k e p t se cr e t a s f a r a s p o ssibl e ,

a nd o u r l a b ora to r i e s a nd o p e r a ti ng r o o m s b e c o m e e xclu siv e t o

o u r p ro f e ssi o na l b re th r e n t he sa m e a s i n f o r m e r y e a r s ?
,
T he
se c re ta ry o f t he A m e r ic a n D e nta l S o ci e ty o f E u ro p e i n a l e t te r
'

publi sh e d i n thi s c o u nt ry a f e w m o nth s a go say s ,

Th e se p a te nt s do no t t ro ubl e u s i n Swi tz e rl a nd f or no pa t ,

e nt l a w s h a v e e xi ste d i n t hi s c o u nt ry o f i ng e ni o u s p e o pl e a nd ,

t h ey h a v e ha d the f re e u se o f t he i nv e nti o ns o f a l l na t i o ns a nd ,

t he ne w l a w s o f l a st y e a r ( 1 888) o nly a ll o w p a te nts f o r i nv e n

t i o ns m a d e a f te r the p a ssa g e o f t he p a te nt l a w s Wi th the u se .

’
of t he w o rld s i nv e nt i o n i t w a s f o u nd th a t the Swi ss t h o ugh ,

na tu ra lly m o st cl e v e r a nd i nv e nt iv e a nd t he fi rst succ e ssful

,
1 98 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN TI S TR Y .

m a k e r s of wa tch e s w e r e f a lli ng b e hi nd t h o se c o u ntri e s which

,

ha d p a te nt l a w s a nd o nly re g a i ne d t h e i r w a ni ng p r estig e i n
,

w a tch m a ki ng a fte r se e i ng a nd buyi ng the imp r o v e d m a chi ne ry

-

e x hibi te d a t t he Phil a d e lphi a E xp osi t i o n T he a u t h o r i t i e s fi nd

.

t h a t i nv e nt iv e g e niu s ne e d s stimul a t i o n a nd p ro te c t i on T he pr o .

f e ssi onal m ov e m e nt i n A m er ic a to di sco u ra ge d e nta l p a te nts

se e m s m o st sh o rt sigh te d
-

c o nsid e r i ng the fa c t t h a t the gra nd

,

a chi e v e m e nt s o f A m e r i c a n d e sti stry h a v e b e e n g a i ne d wi th t he

spl e ndid a nd u ne qu a ll e d i nst r um e nt s p a t e nt e d by A m e r i c a n

p ra ct i t i one rs Th e re a r e gl ar i ng a bu se s a nd ser i o u s f a ul ts in
.

the sy ste m wh ich ne e d c o rr e c t i o n a nd re f o r m b ut if the pr o f e s ,

si o n e xp e c t t he m a r ch of imp ro v e m e nt a nd i nv e nt i o n t o k e e p

p a c e wi th the i r d a ily i nc re asi ng and l a b or sa vi ng m a chi nery -

t h e y will ha v e to g ra nt t he ne c e ssa r y r e w a r d to st imul a t e the

t i r e d p ra c t i t i o ne r to wh o m an i de a of a ne w i nv e st m e nt has
,
’
o ccu rre d du r i ng hi s d a y s l a b o r t o giv e up hi s h o u r s o f ne e d e d
,

r ec r e a t i o n a nd ro b him se lf of hi s w e ll e a r ne d re st to m a k e a nd
-

p e rf e ct and put o n the m a rk e t th a t wh ich will a ssi st his fe ll o w s

a nd b e a b o o n t o m a nki nd
”
.

Wh a t a b o on t o hum a ni ty M or to n g a v e in the di sc o v e ry of
e th e r. B ut wh a t did he ge t f o r i t ? H e w a s h o w e v e r d e f e nd e d
, ,

by D r Big e l o w o n the g ro u nd t h a t the di sc o v ery w as pr im ari l y

.

o ne i n m e ch a nica l d e nti stry a nd t h a t th e re fore a p at e nt w a s

”
,

p e rmi ssibl e .

I t i s tr u e D r Big e l o w g a v e t o t he m e dic a l p ro f e ssi on hi s

.

i nv e nt i o n f or p e rf or mi ng the o p e rat i o n f or sto ne f o r had b e , ,

p a te nte d the sa m e he c o uld no t h a v e e xp e ct e d any g re at pe c u

,

ni a ry r e w ar d f ro m sa l e o r lic e nse to u se o wi ng t o t he limi te d

, ,

d e m a nd f o r the i nstr um e nt a nd a s he a l re a dy had f a m e a nd a

,

luc rat iv e pi a e tic e hi s r e pu ta ti on w ou ld b e e nh anc e d by the fre e

,

gif t to t he w o rld of i ts u se .

D o ub tl e ss the l arg er p ro p or ti o n of th o se w ho o bj ec t to pa t
e u t i ng d e nt a l i nstr um e nt s a nd k i ndI e d a ppli a nc e s ha v e ne v e r ,

i nv e nte d a ny th i ng ne w o r w o rthy o f a p a te nt nor o b ta i ne d a ny ,

re mu ne ra t iv e su m f o r a ny i nv e nt i on wh e n p a te nte d ; b u t I d o ub t
no t th e r e a r e no ne wi thi n the he a r i ng o f m y v o ic e w ho w o ul d
'

r e f use t o secu re t he p ri z e if t he t e mp t a t i o n w as o fle re d
'

A phy si ci a n is in his p rim e wh e n he rea ch e s the a ge of fifty

 S O C IE T IE S . 1 99

y e a rs . b o u t a d e nti st
B u t ho w a I s he no t o n the d o w n g ra d e
of lif e ,
his stre ng th f a ili ng a nd ey e sigh t w e a k e ni ng ? I f he
se cu re s a c o mp e te nc e f o r hi s d e cli ni ng d ay s b e fo re hi s sigh t ,

fa il s he
,
i s i nd e e d a f o r tu na te m a n B u t ho w a b o u t the phy si .

c i a n ; i s b e d e p e nd e nt up o n hi s e y e sight a s a d e nt i st i s F ur ,

t he r m o re i s he d e p e nd e nt a lm o st e nt i re ly up o n d a yligh t i n t he
,

p ra c tic e of his p ro f e ssi o n a s is a d e nti st ? ,

I d o ub t no t th a t wh e n the p rofe ssio n of d e nti stry be co m e s a s

o l d a s m e dici ne no w i s o u will fi nd lib e r a li ty fully e qu a l t o
y ,

th a t o f su rg e ry to d a y I nd e e d I a m no t qui te su re b u t w ha t
—
.
,

i t i s a t the p re se nt t im e t h o ugh not p ro mulg a te d t o t he w o rld a s

,

such c e r ta i nly it ha s ne v e r ha d t h a t fi nanci a l b a cki ng th ro u g h

e nd o wm e nt s a nd o t h e r wi se t o h e lp i t o n a s ha s su rg e ry
, ,
.

’
S o m e se e m to c o nsid e r t ha t t he p ro duc t o f oth e r p e e pl e s
b ra i ns b e l o ngs to t h e m a nd wi t h o u t c o mp e nsa t i o n Th at i s the
,
.

ki nd o f lib e ra li t y which t h e y a dv o cat e Wi thi n a f e w y e a rs .

,

up o n the subj e c t o f c o py righ t a n A m e r ic a n w a s h e a r d to ,

c a su a lly e x p re ss the o pini o n t h a t a u t h ors h a v e no r ight to

l
“

t h e i r o w n id e a s a nd t h a t t h e re f o re t h e y h a v e no r igh t to a ny
,

r e mu ne ra t i o n f or t h e i r wor k L ik e wi se e xpre ssi on i s no w

.
”
,

m a d e i n the li ne o f p a te nts I ndividu a l s w ho c o u nte na nc e such

.

e xp re ssi o ns a s a r ul e a re no t o f t he cl a s s w ho p r a c t ic e a cc o r d
, ,

i ng to the m otto of liv e a nd l e t l iv e .

A p ro mi ne nt N e w Yo rk d e nti st sa id re c e ntly th a t he is to day —

a p o or m a n by re ason o f h a vi ng giv e n to the p ro f e ssi o n a l l

,

which he ha s e v e r i nv e nte d S o much t he w or se f o r him se lf . .

I s no t t he fi rst l a w o f na tu re se lf p re se r v a ti o n ? I t a pp e a rs he
,
—

ha s b ee n t oo li be ral a nd th e re f o re ha s ne gl e c t e d th a t o ppor tunit v

,

o f p ro vidi ng f o r hi s f a mily a nd t h o se d e p e nd e nt up o n hi m f o r

supp o r t .I b e li e v e it is the righ t p rivil e g e a nd du ty of any ,

p e rso n to p a te nt a ny ne w a nd u se ful m e ch a nic a l i nv e nti o n e nte r

i ng i nto su rgic a l d e nta l o r o th e r p ra c t ic e
,
.

T he pu r ch a si ng o f p a te nts f o r the pu r p o se o f put t i ng th e m

b e y o nd the re a ch o f t he public th e re by d e p rivi ng sa id p ub l ic o f ,

t he b e ne fi t s a cc rui ng f ro m t h e i r u se sh o uld b e c o nd e m ne d b ut ,

f o r the re m e dy w e mu st l o o k b e y o nd the p a te nte e a nd d e vi se

so m e m e a su re s f o r c o rre c t i ng the e vil A n a m e nb m e nt to the
'

p a te nt l a w s w o uld l a rg e ly do thi s B y i ss ui ng a p a te nt f o r t he .
.
200 TH E AR C H I VE S OF DEN TI S TR Y .

ter m of fif te en y e a rs i nst e a d of se v e nte e n granti ng the sa m e ,

c o ndi ti o nally f or fi v e te n a nd fif te e n y e ar s wi t h a n a nnui ty to

, ,

t he g o v e rnm e nt a t the e xpi ra t i o n o f t he fif t h a nd t e nt h y e a r s ,

m a k i ng i t c o mpul sory f or the p a tent e e or hi s assi gnee to m a k e

a nd pl a c e u p o n t he m a r k e t t he i nv e nt i o n c o v e re d by hi s l e tt e r s

p a t e nt wi thi n the fi rst p er i o d of sa id p ate nt so t h a t the pub lic ,

m ay use t h ro ugh lic e nse o r r igh t of pu r ch ase I f a t the e xpi ra .

t i o n o f the fi rst fi v e y e ars st he c o ndi t i o ns a b o v e na m e d h a v e no t

,
-

b ee n c o mpli e d wi th t h e n the p a te nt l a p se s a nd i s of no e ff e c t ;
,

if o th e r w i se the c o mpul sory p aym e nt to the go v e rnm e nt of a n

,

a nnui ty o f sa y o ne hu nd re d d o ll a r s will c o nt i nu e t he p a te nt i n
, ,

f o r c e f o r fi v e y e ar s l o nge r a nd a t the e xpi rat i o n of te n y e ars

,

t he fu rt h e r p a ym e nt o f t w o hu nd re d a nd fif t v d o ll a r s which ,

c o nt i nu e s f o r the u ne xpi re d b a l a nc e of the fif te e n y e a rs ot h e r ,

w i se the p a t e nt will l a p se a t t he e xpi ra t i o n of the t e nt h y e ar .

Who i n t he sa m e t im e can p ro duc e m or e t h a n m any o t hers ,

ha vig or ; w ho ca n p ro duc e m o re a nd b e tte r has t a l e nt ; w ho

s ,

c a n p r o duc e wh a t no ne e l se ca n has g e niu s

”
l a e eter ,
.
—
.

DI SC US S IO N .

D R . COOKE I h a v e b e e n v e r y much i nte re ste d i n the p a p e r

—

w hich D r B oa rdm a n ha s p r e se nt e d a nd k no wi ng th at he w a s t o
.
,

S p e a k o n t hi s subj e ct t o nigh t a nd c o nsid e r i ng t he c o nt ro v e r sy

-

a nd t he di scu ssi o n t h a t st ill go o n a s to i t s b e i ng u np r o f e ssi o na l

f or a d e nt i st t o p a t e nt a n a r ticl e o f hi s o w n i nv e nt i o n I h a v e ,

t a k e n the t r o ubl e t o l o o k i nto the m a tte r a nd se e wh at ha s b ee n

sa id i n t im e s p ast a nd I fi nd t h a t the b a tt l e w a s f o ugh t
,
a nd ,

p o ssibly w o n b e f o re I w as b orn A S f a r b a ck as 1 85 0 to 1 85 5
,
.

w e fi nd t he p e r i o dic a l s o f d e nt i st ry co nt a i ni ng m a ny a r ticl e s
r e l a t i ng t o t h i s subj e c t Th e re w a s a p ate nt o n C ry st a l G old
.
“

by D r W a tts ; o n a gutt a p e rch a p re p ara ti o n by D r H ill

.
“ —
”
.
,

a nd o n
“
C o nt i nu o u s G um Pro c e ss by D r A l l e n A m ong ”
. .

t h e se a r t icl e s t h e r e i s o ne by D r H ill publi she d i n t he A m e ri ca n

_

,
.

J ou r na l of D enta l S ci ence i n t he A p ri l numb e r 1 85 3 ,

I t i s in ,
.

the Public L ib r a ry a nd c o nta i ns a rgum e nts which I h a v e not

,

se e n a nsw e re d i n a ny o f t he public a t i o ns o f t h a t t im e n o r i n ,

an
y public a t i o ns si nc e the n H e t a k e s t he gr o u nd t h a t i t i s
.

i s t ifi a b l e f or a d e nt i st o r a ny p ro f e ssi o na l m a n t o p a t e nt hi s
j , ,
 SO C IE T IE S . 201

i nv e nti o ns th a t a m a n ha s a l e g a l a nd a m oral righ t to d o so .

T he wh o l e sum a nd sub sta nc e o f t he o pp o si t i o n t o d e nta l

p a te nts ci rcl e s a ro u nd thi s th o ugh t : th at it i s u np ro fe ssi o na l
t h a t if w e do so w e vi o l a te the sta nd ar d t h a t w e h a v e a lw ay s
e nd e a v o re d t o m a i nta i n i n o u r p ro fe ssi o n N o w w hat i s a .
,

p ro f e ssi o n ? W e ll th e o l o gy l a w a nd m e di ci ne a re cl a sse d a s
, ,

p rof e ssi o ns a nd t h e n t h e y a re tryi ng u nd e r m e di ci ne to pl a c e

,

d e nti stry a s a p r o f e ssi o n N o w I c a nno t se e a ny simil ar i ty

.
,
.

be t w e e n a cl e rgym a n a nd a d e nt i st ; th e i r sph e re s in life a re

wide ly d iff e re nt Wh e n a m a n g o e s i nto the mi ni stry he cl a im s
.
,

t h a t he i s no t i nflu e nc e d by a m o ne y c o nsi d e ra t i o n he p ro f e sse s ,

t o b e r ul e d by high e r m o t iv es a nd to d e v o te hi s wh o l e t im e a nd
,

e ne rgy a nd t he eff o r t o f hi s b ra i n a nd wh a te v e r e l se t h e r e i s i n
‘

him f o r the h e lpi ng of hi s f e ll o w me n Wi th the d e nt i st th at

,
-

i s no t so . O f c o u rse i t i s e xp e cte d th a t he wil l do c onsci e nti ou s

,

a nd c are f ul w o r k f o r hi s f e ll o w m e n b u t i t i s no t e xp e c t e d t h a t
-

he i s t o do t hi s wi th ou t so m e t h o ugh t o f c o mp e nsa t i o n .

A m an do e s no t go i nto l aw f or the b e ne fi t t h a t he ca n c o nfe r

u p o n hi s f e ll o w m e n -
I thi nk th at is so m ethi ng to w hich the
.

l a wy e r s o f the p re se nt day giv e v e ry li ttl e t h ou gh t Th e i r t im e .

i s giv e n up t o l a w a nd no t t o j ustic e a nd mo ne y i s the t hi ng f o r ,

which t h e y a re w orki ng Th e y are e mpl oy e d by tru st s a nd

.

Co r p o ra t i o ns a nd th e y sp e nd t h e i r ti m e a nd th e i r k no wl e dg e i n
,

a m a nne r which is no t f o r the b e ne fi t o f m a nki nd b ut f o r t h e i r ,

o wn p e rso na l a dv a nta g e a nd i t i s th e i r a i m t o m a k e a s much

,

m o ne y a s p o ssibl e W e do not c o mpl a i n of t hi s in t he l a wy e r

.
,

b u t e v e ryb o dy d e spi se s a cl e r gym a n who a t the sa m e t im e th a t ,

he p ro f e sse s to o ccupy the p o si ti o n th a t he i s supp o se d t o

o ccupy he i s sp e ndi ng hi s t im e i n m a ki ng m o ne y a nd i n l o o k
,

i ng a f te r his p e rso na l i nte re st s .

M e n do no t e nte r m e dici ne f o r t he go o d th e y c a n c onf e r up o n

t h e i r f e ll o w m e n-
I k no w th a t thi s is o f te n cl a im e d f o r t hi s
.

p ro fe ssi o n b ut wh e n w e m e e t th e m a t so ci a l g a th e ri ng s th e i r
,

c o nv e rsa t i o n is no t up o n thi s subj e c t b u t o n ho w th ey h a v e the ,

m o st d e si ra bl e p ra c tic e in to w n the l a rge st i nc o m e ho w the v

, ,

m o v e i n the b e st so ci e ty a nd al l th a t D e nti stry is a sp e ci a l ty

,
.

o f m e dici ne a nd w e l ik e t o sa
, y a b o ut t he sa m e thi ng s th a t o ur
m e dica l b r e th re n d o W e lik e to say th a t w e h a v e the to ni e st
.
2 02 THE A
R CHI V
E S OF DE N T T I S R Y .

p ra c t ic e th a t w e re c e iv e the l a rg e st i nc om e T he tru th o f the

,
.

m a tte r i s t h a t w e a re a fte r m o ne y a nd wh e n w e r a nk d e nt i stry ,

a s a p ro fe ssi o n lik e t h a t o f t he m ini stry w e a r e c a r ryi ng t he

, ,

a na l ogy to o f a r .

Ta k e t hi s i nv e nt i on t h a t ha s b e e n p re se nte d thi s e v e ni ng f o r ,

i nsta nc e (Ob tu ndi ng by hot v a p or) A d e nti st i nve nt s i t a nd he .

c o m e s i nto t hi s ci ty and by its u se ca n d e m and the l arge st pra c

t ic e i n t he ci ty a nd o b t a i n t he l a rg e st f e e s a nd by a pplyi ng t hi s ,

i nv e nt i o n f or y e ar s t o hi s p r iv a te u se can se cu re a c o mp e te ncy .

N o w t h e n if he c a nno t p a te nt i t a nd ge t m o ne y o u t o f i t t he
, ,

o nly t hi ng f or him t o do i s to c o nc e a l it a nd m a k e the m o st he

ca n i n a qui e t w a y I f he ca n p a te nt it a nd h a v e the m a chi ne s

.

m a d e a nd so ld to fif te e n t ho u sand d e nt i st s he c an r e ti re i n a y e ar .

o r t w o if he wi sh e s a nd he giv e s i t t o t he p ro f e ssi o n j u st a s
,

m uch a s wh e n i t i s giv e n to a d e nta l c o mbi na t i o n a nd t h e y ta k e

a l l the p r o fi ts I do not se e ho w w e can ta k e a ny gro und u nl e ss
.
,

i t b e the o ne t h at if a m a n l a b o r s he sh all re c e iv e so m e thi ng f o r

,

hi s to il .

DR. ME R IA M I wi sh to add one o r t w o thi ng s to D r .

B o a r dm a n s p a p er I t hi nk he k no w s m ore a b o ut t he p a te nt
’ .

l a w s t han I b ut if I a m c or re c tly i nfor m e d w e ca n p at ent in

, ,

A me ric a i n th re e bra nch e s : p ro ce sse s pro ducts o r re sul ts a nd , ,

a pplic ati o ns— th a t i s a pplic a t i o n o f a k no w n p r i ncipl e to a ne w

,

u se ; a l so t he di sc o v ery o f a ne w p r i ncipl e Thi s in t u r n ca n .

, ,

b e p a te nt e d a g a i n as a ppli e d t o a ny u se ne w o r ol d A p a te nt , .

o n the m e th o d by which a n a r t icl e o r t hi ng i s p r o duc e d o r u se d

i s a m o st p r o fi ta bl e o ne if the i nv e nti o n I s o f v a lu e t h a t i s
,
—
,

o ne t h a t o t h e r s mu st u se o r c e a se t o do bu si ne ss a s t he v a l ue o f ,

a l l p a te nt s i s i n t he h o ld t h e y giv e o n o t h e rs w ho wi sh t o u s e

th e m .

W e h a v e I b e li e v e i n Am e r ic a m ore lib e r a l p a te nt l a w s t h a n
, , ,

i n a ny o th e r c o u ntry I n A u st ri a I a m i nf o r m e d no p a te nt i s
.
, ,

a ll o w e d f o r the d i sco v e r v o f a na t u ra l p r i ncipl e Fo r i nst a nc e .

,

a m a n c o uld no t th e re o b ta i n a p a te nt o n t he p r i ncipl e t h a t

e l e c t r ici ty c o nv e y s so u nd b u t he migh t p a t e nt a ny d e vic e u se d

,
.

T he Swi ss l a w s I t hi nk f or bid p a te nts o n f o o d or m e dici ne s

, , ,

a nd i n E ngl a nd I t hi nk t ha t p a t e nts a r e r a re ly g ra nt e d o n pr o

c e sse s I h a v e h e ar d th at b ut f e w h a v e be e ngrante d o n th e m
.
 SO C I E T I E S . 203

th e re f o r a numb e ry e a rs I f w e h a v e no o bj e c ti o n to pa t
of .

e nts i n o u r sp e ci a l ty i t se e m s t o m e t h a t w e sh o uld no t o bj e c t
,

t o lic e nse o r p aym e nt f o r the u se o f a p r o c e ss f or tha t i s the ,

o nly w a y t h a t i t c a n b e u se d u nl e ss t he i nv e nto r d o na te s it to
,
’
o u r u se .T he p a te nte e s r igh t a nd t i t l e to i t a r e a s cl e a r a s
d ay . H is r igh t r e sts o n wh a t the g o v e rnm e nt has giv e n hi m ,

the p o w e r thu s giv e n him u nd e r i ts l a w s a nd the g o v e rnm e nt ,

pl a c e s a l l cl a sse s of p a te nts o n e qu a l f o o ti ng T he p a te nts o n .

p ro c e sse s th a t w e are a lw a y s c o mpl ai ni ng o f a re e qu a l b e fo re

t he l a w wi t h the p a t e nts o n m e ch a ni c a l d e vic e s a nd if w e cl a i m ,

a s a j u st ific a t i o n f o r p a t e nt s i n o u r S p e ci a l ty t he l a w s of t he

go v e r nm e nt w e c a nno t p ra i se the p a te nt o n t he d e vic e a nd kick

,

t he o ne o n the p ro c e ss D r L a nd i n a p a mphl e t he se nt Out

. .
, ,

u t t h e c a se i n a s g o o d f o r m a s I h a v e se e n i t t h a t h a vi ng hi s
p
p a te nt he i s at lib e rty a nd has the righ t to do a s he pl e a se s
, , ,

wi th i t by the a u th or i ty o f the go v e rnm e nt .

I t i s no t, I supp o se o ne o f hi s na tu r a l r igh ts
,
A m a n ha s a .

r igh t i n di sc o v e re d l a nd b u t i t i s o nl y wh e n g o v e r nm e nts ar e
,

for m e d c o nst i t u ti o ns a d op te d l a w s e na ct e d t h a t he ha s righ ts

, , ,

u nd e r t h e m P a te nt r igh t i s a c re a ti on o f sta t u te a nd u nd er
.
,

t h a t he c a n do a s he p l e a se s wi th his i n v e nti o n Wh a t r igh t .

h a v e w e to say t o hi m th a t he sh a ll se ll i t o u trigh t I f he ch o o se s
no t t o d o so w e h a v e no l e g a l r igh t o r p ow e r o v e r him
,
W e h av e .

no m o r e l e g a l right th a n w e h a v e to a sk him to giv e i t t o u s .

H e m ay ch o o se to se ll hi s m a chi ne a nd st ill re qui re a pe r c e nt .

o n the p r o duc t a s I a m t o ld w a s d o ne by t he o w ne r s o f t he
,

K cK ay H e e l e r w hi ch ha s o r ha d a di a l which re g i ste r s the

, , ,

numb e r t u r ne d o ut a nd a n a g e nt c o ll e c t s f ro m the o w ne rs o f
,

t he m a chi ne wh a t thi s di a l r e gi ste r s Pa te nts a tt ra c t m o ne y . .

f or b e hi nd t h e m i t i s se cu r e o r ha s g o o d figh ti ng g r o u nd a nd
, ,

m e n will giv e up wh a t th e y b e li e v e t o b e a g o o d a nd j u st cl a im
ra th e r t h a n figh t m o ne y so i nt re nch e d A s p a te nts a ttra c t .

w e al th c o rp ora ti o ns a re f o r m e d which i n a ddi ti o n to m a ki ng , ,

o r c ont ro li ng the u se o f the p ro c e sse s o n a r ticl e s m a d e se cu re ,

p o w e r to p e rp e tu a te th e m se lv e s by fu rth e r pu r ch a se I f th e y .

Ow n f o u nd a t i o n p a te nt s t he i nv e nt o r o f a n imp ro v e m e nt c a n
,

o nly re a liz e by se lli ng to t h e m Thu s he o nly i nv e nts to a id

.

the fi rst ma n .
2 04 TH E AR CH I VE S
‘

OF DEN T I S TR Y .

A m a n w ho i nv e nts ga s m e te r s mu st not q ua rre l wi th ga s

-
'

c o mp ani e s b e c a u se t h e y a re the o nly o ne s w ho ca n buy of him

,
.

Th e re i s a g re a t d e a l to b e sa id o n the side o f the C ombi na t i on

T o o t h and C ro w n C o if t h e y w o uld o nly say i t T he tro ubl e
.
,
.

i s t h a t i n t he p a st t h e y h a v e not t a k e n the str ic tly bu si ne ss

,

st a nd t h a t t h e y do no w b u t h a v e t a lk e d a b o u t d e nt i st ry b e i ng a
,

E ve n the buyi ng and sto ri ng p ate nt is

-

sp e ci a l ty o f m e dici ne .

no t a s b a d a s i t se e m s f ro m a bu si ne ss vi e w W e are a highly .

st imul a t e d p eo pl e a nd w e ca n h a v e a n o v e r p ro duc t i o n o f
pa t
-

e nt s as w e ll a s a ny thi ng e l se w e p ro du c e a l o t of i nv e nt i o ns f o r
d o i ng the sa m e thi ng .

S i r B oyl e R o ch sa id Si ngl e mi sfo r tu ne se ld o m c o m e s

a l o ne a nd if
y o u wil l a ll o w m e t o a l te r the I r i sh bull I will say
”
, ,

t h a t si ngl e i nv e nt i on se ld o m c o m e s a l o ne Th e r e a re u su a lly
“ ”
.

a l o t o f m e n w o r ki ng a t t he sa m e p ro bl e m a t t he sa m e t im e a nd ,

th e y mu st figh t f or t he fi e ld se ll o ut o r c o mp r o mi se
,
A corp or .

a t i o n i s no t t o c o m mi t s uicid e by a idi ng c o mp e t i t ors ne i th er ,

sh o uld i t b e e xp e c t e d t o a ll o w t h e m t o d e v e l o p if i t c a n hi nd e r ,
.

A c o mp a ny m ay wi sh t o co ntrol a n i ndu stry ; to do thi s th e y

mu st e nc o ura ge p at e nts th at th e y m ay buy t h e m I f y o u w i sh .

t o se cu re t e n t h o u sa nd a c r e s o f l a nd wh e n the g o v e r nm e nt will
'

o nly giv e a t i tl e t o o ne t h o u sa nd y o u c a n e t ni ne o th e rs to t a k e
g ,

o ut t i tl e s f or o ne t h o u sa nd e a ch t h e n buy t h e se o ut a nd h o ld
,

y o u r te n t h o u sand a c re s a nd t hi s ca n b e d o ne j u st a s w e l l wh e n
t he To o t h C ro w n C o mp a ny wi sh t o c o ntr o l a n i ndu stry t h e y ,

ca n d o i t by buy i ng t i t l es o r p a t e nts f ro m d e nt i st s and g e ntl e ,

m e n o f c o u rse k no w t h a t t h e y o w n i nstrum e nts which t h e y

p ro p o se t o l e a se as w e ll a s p ro c e sse s I t hi nk the t im e i s co m
,
.

i n wh e n so m e p a t e nt s will b e h e ld i n the h a nd s o f a l a rg e
g

c o mp any w ho will a pp o i nt t h o se w ho sh a ll re p re se nt t h e m i n the

,

l a rg e c e nt e r s o f the c o u ntry and t h e y a nd t h ey o nly will h av e

, , ,

t he l e g a l r igh t t o p e rf or m t he o p e r a ti o ns o r u se the i nstr um e nts ,

t hu s m o no p o lizi ng a s f a r a s t he i nv e nt i o ns c a n c o ntr o l
,
t he ,

’
e nt i re fi e ld T he c o mp a ny s w e a l th will i ncr e a se a nd a s t h ere
.
,

will b e no di sc re di t a tta ch e d to th e i r e mpl o y e s or j o u rne ym e n

d e nti sts m o re t h an t o the r e p re se nta t iv e s o f a se wi ng m a chi ne
,
”
,

t e l e g r a ph c o mp a ny o r o t h er bu si ne ss a g e nt th e y ca n buy a nd ,

a dd ne w p a t e nt s a nd imp r o v e m e nt s a nd t hu s p e r p e tu a t e th e i r,
 SO C IE T IE S . 2 05

c o ntro l I c a nno t say th a t i n thi s w ay the public w o uld b e b a dly

.

se r v e d b u t t he tro ubl e i s th a t so m e o ne will st ill i nno c e ntly a sk

,

if t h o se w ho a re i n the pa y of i nstrum e nt m a k e rs o r re p re se nt , ,

o r w ho se ll to t h e m sh o uld b e e nt i tl e d t o c o nsul t wi t h r e pu ta bl e
,

p ra c ti ti o ne rs thro ugh a sso ci ati o n i n so ci e ty m e e ti ng s or if such ,

t hi ng s ar e m o st li k e a lib e ra l p ro f e ssi o n or a c o mm e r ci a l a g e ncy , .

“
We ll o f c o urse a m a n w ho w a nt s a n a nsw e r to t h a t qu e s
, ,
’
ti o n i s the ki nd o f a m a n yo u c a n t ge t a l o ng wi t h a nyh o w .

P RO ST HE T I C HYGIENE .

B Y P ROF . J . HALL LE W I S ,
WA S HIN G T O N , D . o .

It m s a b o ut se ttl e d a t the p re se nt day a m o ng the m e dic a l

se e ,

p rofessi on t h a t thi s b o dy of o u rs i s i n h ea l th b u t a c ongl o m

, , ,

e r a te m a ss o f m i nu te a c t iv e or g a ni sm s e a ch livi ng i t s o w n lif e ,

a nd p e rf or mi ng i t s a ll o t t e d f unc ti o n t o w ard s no u r i shi ng a nd

su sta i ni ng the sy st e m a s a wh o l e a nd t h a t di se a se i s but a r i o t

o r re b e lli o n of o ne or m e re c o l o ni e s o f t h e se o rg a ni sm s w ho by ,

t h e i r t e mp o ra r y r e fu sa l t o p er f or m t h e i r p ro p e r t ask p e r v e r t , ,

f o r t he t im e b e i ng t he fu nc ti o n o f so m e p a r t o r o r g a n suffi
,

c i e ntl y imp or ta nt to b e f e l t by t he e nti re sy st e m Ju st a s the .

str ik e o f a l a r g e b o dy o f w a g e e ar ne rs a nd t h e i r r e fu sa l t o
pe r
-

r o r m thei r a pp o i nte d t a sk s a ff e c t s no t o nly t he f a c to r i e s i n whi ch

,

t h e y ar e e m pl o y e d b ut a l so the c o m m u ni ty o f which t h e y a r e a
, _

p ar t and i ndi re c tly the na t i o n to which th e y o w e a ll e gi a nc e

, , ,
.

T he m i c r o sc o p e te ll s u s th a t w e liv e i n the m id st o f my r i a ds
o f mic ro o r ga ni sm s -
t h a t the a ir w e b re a th e t he w a te r w e
—
,

d r i nk the f o o d w e c o nsum e a l l c onta i n in i mm e nse nu mb e rs

, , , ,

m i c ro bic so ci ali sts a nd f re e l a nc e s e v e r r e a dy t o e nte r o ur sy s

-

te m ic m a nu f act O I y a nd th e re p re a ch t re a so n a nd se di ti o n to t he
m i nu te a to m s which m a k e up t he b o dily t i ssu e s thu s tu r ni ng ,

t h e m f ro m th e i r a ll e gi a nc e t o t he c e nt ra l p o w e r o f lif e a nd d e v e l
o pm e nt a nd by t h e i r i nfl a mm a to ry d o ct r i ne s c a u se l o c a l str ik e s
, ,

o rg a nic d e a d l o ck s a nd c o nst i tu ti o na l r e v o lu t i o ns
-

,
.

I t i s b e l i e v e d th a t a t p re se nt o nly ni ne o f t he i nnum e ra bl e v a ri e

R e ad b e f ore th e W a sh i ng to nC i ty D e nt al c c
S o i e ty , M ar h i 8th , 1 890 .
206 TH E A R C HIVE S OF DEN T I S TR Y .

t i e s of mic ro org a ni sm s a ro u nd u s h a v e b e e nc o nclu sive ly pro v e n to

—

p osse ss t he p ro p e r ty of d i re ctly c a u si ng di se ase but i t is e xp e cte d

t h a t v e ry soo n t he li st o f t h e se will b e m a t e r i a lly e nl ar g e d a nd ,

phy sici a ns Of a l l c re e d s are no w c o mb a tti ng di sord e rs f ro m thi s

st a nd p o i nt
—
T he h o m oeo p a t h r iddl e s t he d e a dly mic r o b e wi t h
.

c o unt l e s sug a r sh o t ; the a ll o p a t h c r u sh e s him wi t h a te n gr a i n

- -

c ap sul e the hyd ro p a t h d ro w ns him the f a i t h cu r i st p ray s f o r -

him a nd al l u ni t e i n tr e a t i ng him a s a c o mm o n e ne my .

A tte nt i on is no t c o nfine d h o w e v er to simply d e stroyi ng the , ,

i ntr ud e r b u t a l so t o p r e v e nt i ng hi s i ng re ss a nd p rev enti v e

,

m e dici ne i s d a ily re c e ivi ng m ore a nd m ore a tt e nt i on f ro m the

sci e nt i st w ho i s a l r e a dy o v e r wh e lmi ng u s wi t h w a r ni ng s a nd
,

sugg e st i o ns re g a r di ng the b ar r i ng o u t o f t hi s o m nip re se nt d i s -

e ase p ro duci ng m ara ud e r

-

T he a i r w e b re a t h e he say s sh o uld be fi l t e re d t h r o ugh a nt i

, ,
.

se p tic g a uz e ; t he w a t e r w e d r i nk mu st b e b o il e d or e l se as , ,

so me p re f e r lib e r a lly a dul t e ra t e d w i t h t he m ost p o t e nt

, D e w of
O ld Ke ntucky B efo re i mbibi ng milk it sh o uld b e pu nche d
.
”
,

wi th c are I f w e a pp ro a ch the li ps o f sw e e t six t e e n wi t h escu

.

l a t o ry i nt e nt a bug kill er m u st i nt er v e ne ; f or up o n the v e ry

,
—
,
’
pi nna cl e of Cupid s B ro w m ay c ro uch a gig ant ic m o nst er of fu l l
o ne t e n t h o u sa nd t h o f a n i nch i n l e ng t h r e a dy t o sp r i ng up o n
-

u s t o o u r u nd o i ng
,
T he o l d f a shi o ne d fe a t h e r du st e r i s i nt e r
.
-

d ic t e d a nd o u r Offic e f ur ni t u re sho uld b e cl e a nse d by m e a ns o f a

,

cl o t h a nd a sm a ll b oy i n o rd e r that t he a f o resa id cl o t h and b oy

,

m ay c o ll e c t t he mic ro o rga ni sm s i nst e a d o f o u r se lv e s

-

,
.

T o c o m e d o w n t o solid f a c t s i t i s a t p r e se nt b e li e v e d t h a t b a c
,

t er i a a b o u nd ; tha t so m e o f t h e se a r e p r o duc e rs or c ar ri e r s o f ,

di se a se a nd that t h e y sho uld b e p re v e nt e d i n ev ery p ossi bl e w a y

,

f ro m g a i ni ng a n e nt ra nc e i nt o o ur b o di e s A l so the p ro duct i o n .
, ,

o r ra t h e r p r o p a g a t i on a nd mul t iplic a t i o n o f t h e se mic r o b e s is ,

f a v o re d by a c ondi t i o n o f i m mo bili ty o f c o mp arat iv e w a r m th , ,

a nd by the p r e se nc e of a su st a i ni ng fluid A ga i n th at the di s .

,

e a se p r o duc e rs a re d a ng ero u s i n p ro p o r ti o n t o t h e i r nu mb ers,

—
,

the sy ste m se e mi ng to t o l e ra te t he p re se nc e o f a c o mp ara t iv e

f e w b ut b e i ng u na bl e t o wi th st a nd t he o nsl a ugh t o f a mul t i tud e
,

o f t he sa m e v ar i e ty .

I t i s a f a c t a sa d f a c t t h at t he v e ry g re a t m aj or i t y o f a rt ifici a l
, ,
 SO C IE T I E S . 207

d e ntu re s w o rn a t the p re se nt day a re c o nstruc te d of vulc a ni te a s ,

the asa b l m a te r i a l “ h e n t hi s r ubb e r i s c a re fully a nd skillfully

T .

v ulc a niz e d t he re sul t i ng p ro d u ct i s p or o u s i n st r uc t u re

,
c o nta i n ,

i ng numb e rl e ss gas c e ll s o p e ni ng o ne i nt o t he o t h e r t hu s f or m
-

, ,

i ng mul ti tud e s o f sp a c e s which m ay b e li k e ne d t o h o ll o w b e a d s

,

s t ru ng up o n a nd Op e ni ng i nto a c o nne c t i ng t ub e I f the i ndu . .

ra ti ng p r o c e ss b e ig no ra ntly or h u r ri e dly p e r f o r m e d t he n t hi s ,

e v e r p re se nt c o ndi t i o n o f p o r o si ty m ay b e v e ry m a te r i a lly i n
-

c re a se d .

Aga i n a s re ga rd s the p rocess of v ulca niz at i o n I t i s suffici e nt

,
.

f o r t he sc o p e o f t hi s p a p e r t o say t h a t i t i s a ch e mic a l r e a c t i o n
, ,

b ro ugh t a b o u t b y the fa c t t h a t the hyd ro g e n of the cao uteho u c

_ ,

wh e n u nd e r h e a t has a g re a te r a ffi ni ty f o r the sulphu r p re sent

,

t h a n f o r t he c a r b o n wi t h which i t w as f o r m e rly u ni te d a nd sul

, ,

h u r a te d hyd ro g e n i s t hu s f o r m e d which escap es a s a w e ll

p ,

k no w n m a l o d o ro u s ga s .

I t i s t hu s se e n t h a t t he so f t r u bb e r whil e h e a t i ng giv e s up
.
, , ,

sulphu r a nd hyd ro g e n a nd g e ts no t/ t i n i n r e t u rn i t t h e r e fo re
, g , ,

c ontra c ts or l e sse ns i n bulk .

B u t the a rtifici a l te e th t o which the r ubb e r f ast e ns i tse lf

, ,

t h r o ugh the m e dium o f the pi ns a re du r i ng the p r o c e ss o f h a rd, ,

c ui ng h e ld i m m o v a bly by t he pl aste r i nv e st m e nt
, th e y c a nno t ,

t h e re f o r e f o ll o w t he c o nt ra c t i ng r ubb e r ; h e nc e a sp a ce mu st
, ,

e xi st b e tw ee n t he p o r c e l a i n a nd t he vulc ani t e .

A ga i n if gum se c ti o ns a re u se d th e re a re fi v e j o i nts in a full

, ,

d e ntu re which a re d e cid e dly no t fl uid tigh t and which are o f te n

,
-

p ro te c te d po st e ria l l y f ro m discol o nz a tio n by c e m e nt o r pl a ste r ,

o f p ar i s which a f te r w a rd s di sso lv e s o r w a sh e s o ut l e a vi ng a ddi

, , ,

t io na l sp a c e b e tw e e n the p o r c e l a i n a nd r ub be r .

T he p re p a ra t i o n f o r the m o u th o f such a se t o f a rt ifici a l te e th ,

by the a v e ra g e d e nti st c o nsi sts i n p o li shi ng the li ngu a l su rf a c e

,

o f t he r ubb e r m o re o r l e ss t h o ro ughly a nd o f cl e ansi ng the ,

p a l a tal a sp e ct m o re o r l e ss p oor l y Thu s i t i s se e n w e h a v e a .

, ,

d e ntu re t he b asa l m a te r i a l o f which is na tu r a lly p o ro u s a nd i n

, ,

whi ch a sp a c e e xi sts b e tw e e n the p o r c e l a i n a nd r ubb e r which ,

s p a c e i s o f te n e nl arg e d by a v e ri ta bl e t re nch b a ck o f e a ch j o i nt , .

S o m e d e nti sts i nstruc t th e i r p a ti e nts to re m o v e th e i r d e ntu re s .

a t nigh t ; o th e rs a dvi se th e i r r e te nt i o n a t a l l tim e s

; st ill o th e rs ,
2 08 TH E A R CHI VE S OF DEN TI S TR Y .

giv e no i nstr uc t i o ns wh a te v e r ; a nd v e ry m a ny p a t i e nt s do a s
t h e y pl e a se wi th o u t re gar d t o i nstr uc t i o ns
,
.

Thu s d ay s m o nth s y e ars go by S o o ne r o r l ate r the p o li sh

, , , ,
.
,

giv e n t he li ngu a l asp e c t o f the d e ntu re i s w o rn a w ay wi th i t

'

the e ff e c t o f su rf a c e c o nd e nsa t i o n d i sa pp e a r s, a nd t he so f te r a nd
na t u ra lly p o r o u s str uc t u re o f the r ubb e r i s e xp o se d T he vul .

ca ni t e m a t e r i a l i tse lf a s w e ll a s t he sp a c e s h ere to f o re sh o w n t o
,

e xi st u nd e r t he p o r c e l a i n so o n b e c o m e t h o r o ughly sat u r a te d ,

wi t h t he fluid s o f the m o u th whi ch ar e l oa d e d wi t h d e co mp osi ng ,

o rga nic m a tt e r N o w I a sk c o uld a m o r e p e rf e c t b a ct er i a l cul

.
, ,

t u r e a pp a ra t u s b e c o nc e iv e d by hum a n i ng e nui ty .

H ere w e h a v e a c onstant a nd e qui ta bl e te mp e ra t u re of a bo ut

,

98
°
p e rf e ct r e st a nd qui e t an e v e r p re se nt fluid m e dium f oo d -

o f suffi ci e nt qu a nt i ty a nd v ar i e ty t o t ickl e the p a l a t e o f t he m o st

f a stidi o u s mic ro bic e picu r e ; a nd l astly t he g e r m s a nd sp o re s , ,

i n the fo o d m a te r i a l s a nd i n t he a i r whi ch w e a t t i m e s b re a t h e
,

t h ro ugh t he m o u th H e nce e v e ry sp a c e e ve ry vulc a ni te p ore

.
, , ,

b e c o m e s the se a t o f a t hrivi ng ba c t er i a l c o mmu ni ty t he b a cilli —

ho b nob wi th the spi ro c he t ae ; t he mic ro c o cci wi t h t h e i r c o ck

- -

e y e d b ro th e rs t he spi r il l ae ,
a nd a l l i nc r ea se a nd mul tiply a f t er ,

t he i r ki nd u nt il t he d e ntu re i s b u t a see t hi ng m ass o f c o rr up

,

t i o n a nd a cc ord i ng to t he g e r m t h e o ry o f t he di se ase i s i n a
, , ,
’
fi t st a t e t o i ntro duc e p o ssibly f a t a l di so rd e rs i nto the w e a r e r s
, ,

sy st e m a t the v e r y m o m e nt wh e n t h a t sy ste m i s p e rh a p s l ea st
, , ,

a bl e t o wi t h st a nd t he o nsl a ugh t .

N o t only t o t he w e are r b ut a l so t o t h ose i n hi s imm e di a t e ,

vici ni ty i s t hi s a so u r c e o f p o ssibl e d a nge r f o r e v e r v w o rd

, ,

w hich t he p osse sso r o f such a d e nt u re u tte rs i s ch a rge d wi t h

m i c ro co b i c lif e a nd a t t he v e r y m o m e nt th a t he ki ndly i nqui re s
, ,

a f te r y o u r g o o d h e a l th he m ay fi re i nt o y o u r lu ng s a l o a d o f ,

ph thi sic a l ge r m s a s y o u ta k e b re a th t o r e tu rn t he c o mplim e nt

,
.

A nd h o w l e t a s se e w ha t a tte nt i o n the a dv a nc e d phy sici a n o r the ,

a nt i se p t ic su r g e o n giv e s t o t hi s subj e c t . H e e x a mi ne s the t o ngu e

, ,

t he f ae c e s the u r i ne o f hi s f e v e r str ick e n o r dipthe re ti c p a t i e nt he

, ,
-

sc a ns cl o se ly hi s f o o d a nd d r i nk b u t d o e s he e ver c a st a si ngl e ,
’
gl a nc e a t o r gi v e a m o m e nt s t h o ugh t to the a rtifici a l d e ntu r e
, ,

which st and s a t t he sid e e ntra nc e so t o sp e a k of the lu ng s and -

, , ,

which gu a rd s the v e ry i ni ti a l p ro c e ss o f dig e st i o n ?

 SO C IE T I E S . 209

Ta n i t b e d o ub te d th a t the ch anc e s of re c o v e ry o f the i nv a lid

, ,

suff e r i ng f ro m l a ck o f a ssimil a t iv e p o w e r a r e l e sse ne d wh e n , ,

the f o o d i nt ro duc e d i nto his sto m a ch a nd the re m e di e s e mpl oy e d ,

to c o mb a t his d ise a se a re l o a d e d wi th the c o nt e nts o f t h e se mul

,

t it udino us c e ss p o o l s ? O r wh a t h e p e i s t h e re f or t he re c ov e ry
-

o f the p a t i e nt a ffl ic te d wi t h so m e b o w e l di sor d er
,
if wi th his -

, ,

no u r i shm e nt i s p o u re d i nt o hi s dig e st iv e t ra ct i mm e nse numb e r s

-

o f t he v e ry o rg a ni sm s p osi t iv e ly sa id t o p ro duc e his p ar t icul a r

di se a se ?
T he phy sici a n i n sh o rt p a y s no a tte nti o n to the a rtifici a l t e e th
, ,
.

o f his p a t i e nts l e a vi ng t h e se sub st i t u te s t o t he c a re o f t he de n

,

tist w ho i s supp o se d t o k no w a l l a b o u t t h e m a nd t o giv e al l

, ,

nee d e d a dvic e a s to t h e i r p ro p e r t re a t m e nt .

S o f a r t hi s subj e c t ha s b e e n c o nsid e r e d so l e ly f ro m wh a t
,

migh t b e c a ll e d a mic ro sc opic a l st and p o i nt a nd i t i s u nd o ub t -

e dl y t ru e t h a t m any m e mb e rs o f o u r p r o f e ssi o n b e li e v e t h a t t he
,

p ra c ti ca l u tili ty o f m ic ro sc o pic a l i nv e stig ati o n i s o v e re st im a te d ,

a nd t h a t i n f a c t a b o u t t h e se li t t l e bug s t h e r e i s a g r e a t d e a l
, ,

o f hu m bug L e t u s th e n e x a mi ne t he qu e st i o n f ro m the Vi e w
.
, , ,

o f t he se g e ntl e m e n wi th the u na id e d se nse s o f sight a nd sm e ll

, .

A vulca ni te d e ntu re i s c re di te d w i th c au si ng in m any c ase s , ,

e xc e ssi v e a b so r p t i o n o f t he u nd e rlyi ng t i ssu e s t h o ugh i n a n

y ,

giv e n c a se i s e v e r p re se nt the p o ssibili ty t h a t t he sa m e w o uld

h a v e o ccu rre d u nd e r a m e t a lli c b a se C o ng e sti on of t he ne igh .

b o r i ng muco u s m e mb ra ne a t t im e s vi o l e nt i nfl ammati o n a nd ,

ulc e ra ti o n a p e rsi ste ntly h ea te d se nsa t i on i n the p arts ch ro nic

, ,

t o nsili t i s a nd e xc e ssiv e flo w o f sa liv a

,
al l th e se a nd m a ny m ore ,

t ro u bl e s h a v e t im e a nd a g a i n b e e n t ra c e d di re c tly t o the p re s
, , ,

e nc e o f ol d vulc a ni te d e ntu re s A l so v e ry ofte n is the w e a re r .

,

a n o bj e c t of di sc o mf o r t o r e v e n di sgu st to hi s a sso ci a t e s w ho
, , ,

h a v e a keen se nse of sm e ll ; f or b e it k no w n t h a t w e p o sse ss , ,

thi s se nse in diff e r e nt d e g re e s a nd a re ne a r sm e ll e d qui te a s

,
-

o f te n a s ne a r sight e d -

A p o ro u s m ate ri a l as bulky a s t he a v e ra ge full d e ntu re sa tu

, ,

r a t e d wi th d e c o mp o si ng m a tte r e v e n p ro vid e d the w e a re r u se ,

a l l or di na ry c a re to cl e a nse i t c a nno t b u t p o sse ss a di sgu st i ng ,

o d o r a nd b e a n o bj e ct o f di sc o mf o rt t o t he su rro u ndi ng t i ssu e s

, ,

a nd c e r ta i nly
,
a n e xci t i ng c a u se o f a t l e a st l oca l di se a se
, in f av ,

o ri ng sy ste mi c c o nditi o ns .
210 TH E AR C HI V E S OF DEN TI S TR Y .

N ow , w h e th e r t he
g e r m th e ory of sp re a di ng di sea se b e o v e r
e st im ate d o r no t if the o th e r e vil s m e nt i o ne d b e
,
a p o ssibl e
re sul t o f w e a r i ng u ncl e a nly d e nt u re s ( a s i s m ost assu re dly the

fa c t) do yo u thi nk th at w e as m e mb e rs of a sci e nt ific a nd p ro

, ,

g re ssi v e p r o f e ssi o n d o o u r full du

,
ty t o o ur p a t i e nt s i n Vi e w o f , ,

the sligh t no ti c e w e t a k e o f the ar tifici a l sub st i t u t e s a f te r t h e y ,

a r e onc e i nse r te d i n the m o u t h ? I am afra id th at as a r ul e w e , ,

do no t giv e t h a t t h o ugh t and a tte nt i on to t hi s subj e c t t h a t i ts

imp o rtanc e d e m a nd s .

I t w o uld b e c o nsi d ere d a l m o st cr imi nal ly c a r e l e ss f or the d e n

’
t ist a f ter th or o ughly filli ng a l l c a vi t i e s o f d e c a y i n a p a ti e nt s
,

m o u th to di smi ss t he p a ti e nt wi th the te e th h e a vily c oate d wi th

,

c a lculu s y e t t he sa m e d e nti st af te r c ar e f ully r e m o vi ng a l l f o r,

e i n m att e r f r o m t he r e m a i ni ng nat u r al o r g a ns p o li shi ng a nd

g ,

pu rifyi ng th e se u nt il wi t h the su rrou ndi ng t i ssu e s th e y a re

, , ,

p e rf e ctly sw e e t and h e al thy th at sa m e d e nti st m ay o f te n wi th [

,

l ofty di sd a i n t ak e i n hi s i mm a cul ate fi ng e rs a fi v e y e a r ol d r ub

,
—

b e r pl a te wi th its a cc o mp a nyi ng a d or nm e nts o f tar ta r nic o ti ne

, , ,

d e c omp o si ng fo o d a nd b a c te ri a l swar m s and sna p i t i n the

, ,

m o uth m e nt ally th a nki ng h e a v e n t h at he i s not a m e cha nic a l

,

d e nt i st a nd ha s nothi ng to do wi th such h orrid Obj e c ts

,
.

T he v e r y g re at m aj or ity o f d e nti st s h owe v e r e r r I n thi s di re c , ,

t i o n simply b e c a u se o f c ar e l e ssne ss
,
Th ey h a v e ne v e r giv en t he .

m a tt e r a ny a m o u nt of th o ught all o w the stud e nt or o fli ce b oy ,

-

t o vulc a niz e and p r e p a re the c a se a nd a f te r i nse rti ng i t wi th a , , ,

f e w g e ne ra l di r e c t i o ns di sm i ss i t e nt i r e ly f ro m t h e i r mi nd s
-

, ,

wh e n the y di smi ss the p at i e nt .

T ha t v e ry li ttl e study ha s b e e n giv e n to thi s su bj e ct i s e v i

d e nce d by the f a c t th a t whil e c o u ntl e ss nu mb e rs o f p a p e r s h a v e
,

b e e n w r i tte n o n R o ot fi l l i ng ”
B r idgi ng ”-

i n f a c t e v e ry
,
—
,

c omm o n o p e ra ti on o f g e ne ra l d e nt i st ry a nd d e nt a l hygi e ne I —

ha v e f a il e d a f te r a v e ry dilig e nt sea r ch t o fi nd m ore t h a n one

, ,

w ri t i ng o n t he subj e c t u nd er c onsid e ra ti on a nd th a t one simply .

sbu nde d a no t e o f w a r ni ng a nd m a d e no a tt e mp t t o c o mb a t
,

t he e vil s m e nt i o ne d or t o p re v e nt the p ro p a g a t i o n of the b a c

,

t e r i a d e sc r ib e d a s b e i ng p r e se nt i n a n ar tifici a l d e nt u re .

I t i s to th o se d e nti st s th e n w ho h a v e giv e n no th o ugh t t o

, ,

t hi s ph a se of p ro sth e t ic d e nt i str y t h a t I o ffe r the f o ll o wi ng su

g
 SO C I E T I E S . 2 11

g e s ti o ns wi th the h o p e th at th e re by suffici e nt i ntere st m ay b e

,

a ro u se d to c a u se t h e se id e a s t o b e t r i e d i mp ro v e d up on the , ,

r e sul ts no t e d a nd giv e n t o t he p ro f e ssi o n

A c o nti nu o u s gum d e ntu re is by f ar the cl e ane st and pu re st

o f a l l f o r m s o f d e nt a l sub sti tu ti o n a nd the w e a r e r ca n by p r o p er ,

a tte nti o n k e e p such a d e nt u re a b so lu t e ly f re e f r o m d e c o mp o se d

,

f oo d p ro duc ts a nd b a c te r i a l for m a t i o ns I t se e m s h o w e v er t h at
i
.
, ,

t hi s m a te r i a l p o sse sse s c e r ta i n p e culi a ri t i e s mili ta t i ng a g a i nst i ts

g e ne ra l use b e sid e s the f a c t th at it i s i na dmi ssibl e i n the g re a t
, ,

m aj or ity of p art i a l d e ntu re s .

N e x t in d e si ra bili ty fro m a hygi e nic stand p o i nt i s the de n

,
-

t u re O f g o ld wi th the te e th f a st e ne d by m e a ns o f vulc a ni t e
,
.

Thi s m e th o d i s a pplic a bl e to p art ia l a s w e ll a s full d e ntu re s i s

.
,

t he stro ng e st a nd l e ast bulky o f sub sti t u te s i n g e ne ra l u se a nd ,

s e e m s m or e r e a dily c o nst r uc t e d by t he d e nt i st p o sse ssi ng a v e r a g e

p ro sthe ti c skill th a n t he c onti nu o u s gum a nd c an b e k e p t co m ,

p a ra t i v e l y f r e e f ro m o r a l a ccumul a t i o ns t h o u g h no t t o
,
t he e x t e nt
p o ssibl e i n t he c a se of t he l atte r m ate r i a l Pi nk rubb e r sh o uld .

c o nne c t the t e e th to t he go ld pl a te ; f or a s i t c o ntr a c ts l e ss i n ,

vulc a nizi ng t h a n the o th e r v a ri e ti e s it th e re f ore fi ts m ore snugly

, , ,

a g a i nst t he p o r c e l a i n a nd g o ld .

I f gum se c ti ons are u sed the j o i nts sh o uld b e flat a nd solid

, ,

a nd wi th o u t p ost e r i or p ro te c t i o n a s pi nk r ubb e r will no t di s c o l o r

,

th e m . O nly the a m o u nt o f r ubb e r a b solute ly ne c e ssa ry sh o uld

b e p rese nt a nd i t sh o uld b e c o v e r e d by a wid e r i m o f g o ld a t t he
,

li ngu a l a sp e c t o f the pl a te e x te nd i ng up a s f a r a s a nd a s cl o se
, ,

a s p o ssibl e t o the pi ns o f the te e t h ; t hu s re duci ng to a mi nimum

,

t he a m o u nt o f m a t e ri a l c a p a bl e o f a b so r bi ng the o r a l fluid s a nd o f
h a r b o ri ng ba c te r i a .

By al l j u st a nd p ro p e r m e a ns sh o uld w e e nd e a v o r t o induce
o ur p a t i e nt s t o h a v e t h e i r d e ntu r e s c o nstr uc t e d o f e i t he r o f t he

t w o m a t e r i a l s d e sc r ib e d a b o v e th a t i s o f t he so c a ll e d c o nti nu
,
-

o u s gum o r o f the g o ld a nd r ubb e r c o m b i na ti o n

,
As h o w e v e r .
, ,

I n spi te o f a l l t a lk a g a i nst i t it i s a ssu re dly t ru e t h a t vulc a ni te i s

,

u se d i n the ve ry g re a t m aj o ri ty o f c ase s i t b e h o o v e s u s a s h o no r
, ,

a bl e se r v a nts o f o u r p a t i e nts a nd a s m e mb e rs o f a sci e ntific a nd

,

p ro g re ssiv e p rof e ssi o n t o u se thi s sub sta nc e w i th d u e r e g a rd t o

,

h e i r h e a l th a nd co mf o rt a nd i n such a m a nne r a s to re m o v e o r
,
2 12 TH E A R C H I VE S OF DEN T I S TR Y .

c ou nte ra ct as f ar as li es wi thi n u s its p o ssibl e b ane ful e ff e c ts

, , ,

wh e th e r l o c a l o r sy ste mic .

A s b e f ore sta t e d whil e t he m at e r i a l i n i t s v e ry nat u r e i s po r

, , ,

ou s g re a t c a r e mu st b e u se d i n vulc a nizi ng tha t t he h e a t b e no t

, , ,

c a rr i e d to too high a p o i nt e l se f ro m o v e r ra pid e limi nat i on of

, ,
-

sulphu ra t e d hyd ro ge n i nc re a se d p orosi ty will u na v o id a bly

,

re sul t T o thi s e nd t he vulc a nizi ng a pp ara t u s sh o u l d b e cl ose ly

.
,

w atch e d by so m e o ne p o sse ssi ng m ore k no wl e dg e a nd di scr imi na

t i o n t h a n t he o tfi ce b oy ; t he t h er m o m e t er t e st e d f ro m t im e t o
-

t im e a nd t he m er cu ry b a t h e x a mi ne d
,
f o r a t t im e s the p a cki ng
-

, ,

a b o v e t hi s b a t h di si nte g ra te s the m e ta l f ro m i t s v o l a t ili ty

, , ,

e sc a p e s a nd the t h e r m o m e te r t h o ugh i t se lf p er
,
fe ct m ay thu s
, ,

r e gi ste r the d e g re e o f h ea t i nc or r e c tly .

T he h e at sh o uld no t b e c o nt i nu e d l onger t h a n i s re qui si te to

p rop erly i ndu ra te the r ubb e r ; f o r the u nnecessa ry l o ss of hyd ro
e n a nd sulphu r re sul t s i n g r e a t e r c o nt ra c ti o n a nd t hu s e nl arg e s
g ,

the u na v o id a bl e sp a c e b e t w e e n the p or c e l a i n a nd vulc a ni t e Pi nk .

r ubb e r sh o uld b e u se d i n the m ore bulky p o r t i o ns o f the d e n

tur e s a nd a s g e ne ro u sly as p e r mi ssibl e wi th a p r o p er re g a r d to

,
.

str e ngth i n o r d e r th a t the a b o v e m e nt i o ne d sp a c e m a b r e duc e d

y e -

t o a mi nimum .

A l l su rf a c e s ( the p a l at a l as w e ll a s the l ingua l or bucc a l ) o f

, ,
‘

the vu lc a ni te sh o uld r e c e iv e a s hi gh a p o li sh a s the m a t e r i a l will

a dmit o f a s t hi s e ff e c ts a su rf a c e c o nd e nsa t i o n
, thu s m or e e ffe c t
u al l y p r e v e nt i ng e x t er na l d e p o si t s a nd cl o si ng the p o r e s t o t he ,

e ntr a nc e o f the ora l fluid s a nd b a c te r i a l g e r m s B u t i nasmuch .

,

as t hi s p o li sh w e ars o ff i n the c o u r se o f t im e thu s e xp osi ng the

, ,

so f te r st r uc t u re i t i s a bsol u tel y essenti a l t h a t a t c ert a i n st a te d

,

i nt er v al s ( say of si x m onth s) the d entu re sh o uld b e re t u rne d to

t he d e nt i st to b e t h o ro ughly cl ea nse d a nd r e p o li sh e d by him
,
-

Thi s b e sid e s b e i ng a g e ne ra lly u nth o ugh t of sou r ce of r e v e nu e

,
—

t o the d e nt i st so o n b e c o m e s a m o st d e si r a bl e a nd highly a ppre

,

ci a t e d p ro c e ss t o the p a t i e nt b e c a u se o f t he a dd e d c o mf o rt a nd
,

cl e anli ness the tru th of w hich only ne e d s a tr i a l to de m o nstrate

,
.
.

T he p ro sth e t i c d e nti st w ho fa il s t o i nsi s t up o n a se mi a nnu a l -

cl e ansi ng and p o li shi ng of the a rtifici a l t e e th i s j u st as culp a bly ,

’
c are l ess of his p at i e nt s w e lf are a s i s the Op e rat iv e d e nti st w ho
ne gl e ct s t o r e m o v e c a lculu s a nd o th e r d e p osi t s f r o m the na tu ra l
te e t h of th ose u nd e r hi s ch arge .
 SO C IE T IE S . 213

B u t i t ha s ga i n a nd a g a i n b e e n sta te d th a t the vulc a ni te is

a

e v e n a t b e st a n e xc e e di ngly p o ro u s m a t e r i a l a nd i s th e r e f ore
,
, , ,

c a p a bl e of r e c e ivi ng a nd re ta i ni ng d e c o mp osi ng fluid s w i t/t i n i ts

o w n s ubsta nce a nd i n spi te o f the m o st f a i thful s urf a ce cl e a ns
, ,

i ng g iv e n i t by the w e ar e r o r the d e nti st I n o rd e r to m e e t ,

.

t hi s hygi e nic dim c ul ty b ro ugh t a b ou t by the struc tu ra l p e culi,

a ri tie s o f t he m a t e r i a l u nd e r c o nsid e ra t i o n the a r tifici a l t e e t h ,

sh o uld b e nigh t ly pl a c e d i n a n a nti se p t ic o r di si nf e c t a nt fluid ,

t h e re t o r e m a i n u ntil m o rni ng ; which fluid sh o uld p e r m e a t e the

vulc a ni te structu re i nsi nu ate i tse lf i nto the sp a c e b e tw e e n the
,

b as e a nd p orc e l a i n and i nto al l o th er i nt e rstic e s p re se nt ; t h e r e

,

t o p re v e nt o r re t ar d t he d e c o mp osi ng p r o c e ss a nd r e nd e r h a r m ,

l e ss the ptoma ni c a lk a l o id s of the b a cter i a l for m a t i o ns A s th i s .

fluid i s t o b e u se d f re e ly a nd c o nt i nu o u sly by the p a ti ent it ,

mu st of ne c e ssi ty b e fre e f ro m p o i sono u s qu ali t i e s e a sily pre

, , ,

p are d a nd o f sligh t c ost

,
.

Di si nf e c ta nts o r g e r m icid e s a ct by d estr oyi ng b a cte r i a l life

, , ,

a nd a r e no t t o b e c o nsid e re d i n t hi s c o nne c t i o n b e c a u se o f t h e i r ,

p oi so no us a t tribu te s a nd o th e r r e a dily o b se r v e d r e a so ns
, .

We mu st u se t h e n o ne o r m o r e o f the m a ny a nti se p t ic s
, , ,

wh o se v alu e d e p e nd up on the f a c t th at th e y reta r d b a c te ri a l

gro w t h and c o nse qu e ntly l e sse n the p ro duc t i on of pto m ani c
, , ,

m a tte r which i s d ang e rou s in p r o p or ti on to i ts qu a nti ty

, .

A s a resul t of c onsid e r a bl e e xp e r im e nt a ti o n a nd r e se ar ch I ,

h a v e c o m e to the co ne l usi o n th at the v e ry b e st fluid a l l t hi ng s ,

’
c onsid e re d f or thi s pu r p ose i s the so lu ti o n m a d e f ro m S e il e r s
, ,

A nti se p tic Ta bl e ts co nsi sti ng of so dium the silic o fluoride b i

”
, ,
-

c a rb o na t e b o ra te a nd chl o rid e a l so e uca l y ptol thym ol a nd o il o f

-

, , ,

g a ul th e r i a T he sm all c o st o f thi s a ll o w s o f i ts b e i ng u se d
.

f re e ly by pl a te w e are rs a nd i t se rv e s the pu rp ose s i nte nd e d

-

m o st e xc e ll e ntly .

I n u se a b o ttl e i s fill e d wi t h cl e ar w a te r a nd the t a bl e ts

, ,

d ro pp e d in a t the ra te o f o ne ta bl e t to f o u r ta bl e sp oo nfu l s o f
,

wa te r T he artifici a l d e ntu re i s cl e a nse d pl a c e d in a sui ta bl e

.
,

v e sse l a nd c ov e re d w i th the a nti se p t ic so lu ti o n which m ay fi rst

, ,

b e fu r th er a dul te ra te d wi th a n e qu a l bulk o f w a te r A g a ll o n .

o f t hi s fluid w ill c o st y o u r p a ti e nt l e ss t h a n fif ty c e nts is e a sily ,

m a d e is p e rfe c tly h a rml e ss a nd im p a rts to t he d e ntu re a sw e e t

, .
 TH E A R C H I V E S OF DE N T T
IS R Y .

ne ss a nd f re sh ne ss which i s S i mply d e ligh tful and which ca n ,

b e o b ta i ne d by no a m o u nt of or di nary su rf a c e cl e a nsi ng -

I f to the ordi nary solu ti on a f e w d ro p s o f oil of gaul th eri a

o r c assi a o r b ot h wi th a li ttl e t i nc c a te chu b e a dd e d y o u h a v e
, ,
.
, ,

a fluid v ery pl e a si ng t o the e y e a nd the p a l a t e wi t h v e ry sligh t ,

a ddi t i o na l c o st .

I n conclu si o n g e nt l e m e n sho uld the p a ti e nt o nc e b e c o m e a ccu s

, ,

to m e d t o u si ng th i s o r a simil ar a nti se p t ic fluid y o u m ay r e st

, ,

assu r e d th a t he will no t d e p ar t fr o m the ha bi t t hu s f o r m e d in ,

sick ne ss o r i n h e a l th t he m u c o u s m e m b ra ne of the m o ut h will

b e giv en a n o pp o rt u ni ty t o t ak e i ts re st a t nigh t the st o m a ch
will not re c e iv e a l o a d of di se ase p ro duci ng g e r m s at e v ery -

m o uthful of f oo d the c a se s of r ubb e r so re m o u th in y o u r “

p ra ct ic e will b e c om e e xc ee di ngly rar e ; a nd the bre a th of the

w e are r i nste a d of re e ki ng wi th the ste nch pro duci ng r esult s of
,
-

putre fa ct i o n and d ec o mp osi t i on will b e l a d e n wi t h the b al m y

,

o do r s of ci nna m o n and of ch e ck e r b e rry ; a nd the w e a r e r a nd

hi s fr i e nd s will r ise up a nd c a ll y o u bl e sse d f o r y o u h a v e m a d e

him ora lly a t a l l e v e nts cl e a nly and cl e anli ne ss you k no w
, ,
—
, ,

i s a ki n to go dli ne ss .

VALE D I CTORY A DD RE SS .
*

HBr N
. B O B LE
. SW A HINGT ON D C, ,
. .

Th er e are tim e s w h e n the mi nd se e m s to r i se a b o v e our d a ily

su rr o u ndi ng s a nd w e l o o k wi t h a cl e a r e r i nsight a nd m or e e x

t e nd e d vi si on up on the a ct ivi t i e s of thi s bu sy w orld wi th a lm o st

p ro ph e tic eye i nto the r e l a ti o ns of life and the l a w s t h a t g o v ern
t he f or c e s o f nat u re a nd th at w o nd e rful t hi ng wi thi n o u r se lve s
, ,

w e c a ll lif e .

A t t hi s t im e su rr o u nd e d by b r igh t f a ce s of l o vi ng f ri e nd s
, ,

fl o w e rs a nd m u sic w e f e e l lif te d a b o v e the e v ery d ay hum drum

,
-

lif e and its d a ily work Thi s o cc a si on m a r k s an e r a in the liv e s

.

of o u r y o u ng f r i e nd s wh o m w e t hi s day w e lc o m e i nt o t he r a nk s
,

o f p r o f e ssi o na l lif e Th e y are l oo ki ng for w ar d wi t h c onfide nt '

* R e ad at t h e C o m m e nc e m e nt o f t h e D e nta l D e p ar tm e nt o f C ol um b i a
U ni v e rsi t y , M ar ch 2ot h , 1890 .
 SO C I E T IE S . 215

e xp e c ta ti o n to th e high a nd h o nora bl e p osi ti o n th e y m ay a tta i n

I n t he r a nk s o f t he p ro f e ssi o n t h e y are a b o ut to e nte r a nd I ,

ha v e l ittl e d o ub t th e i r a spi ra ti o ns a nd e xp e ct a ti ons a re a s e x a l te d

a nd high a s t h a t o f t h e i r m ost e nt h u si astic a dmi re rs A ll of th e se .

l a ud a bl e a nd p ro p e r a spi ra ti o ns se e m a t a tim e lik e thi s e a sy of

a cc o mp l i shm e nt . I w o uld not f or a m o m e nt c a st a sh a d o w
ac ro ss t hi s b r igh t vi si o n o f gl o ry a nd h o no r which w e h o p e a nd

p ray th e y m ay al l Ob ta i n M ay the b righ t h o p e s which no w fill

.

t h e i r b r e a sts b e fully r e a liz e d .

Y ou my y o u ng f r i e nd s e nt e r i nto p r o f e ssi o na l lif e a t a

, ,

t im e p r e g na nt wi t h m e nta l a c t ivi ty sci e nt ific t h o ugh t re se a r ch

, ,

a nd i nv e st ig a t i o n Y o u h a v e b e e n ta ught the th e o ry of t he l a w s
.

th a t g o v e r n t he re l a t i o n and h ar m o ni o u s w o rki ng of o u r v a rio u s

o rg ans h a v e b e e n d r ill e d in the o rigi n gro wth and functi on o f
,

t he v a ri o u s b o nes a nd t i ssu e s o f o u r b o dy th e i r a pp e ar a nce i n ,

h e al th a nd di se a se a nd of the na tu re and u se of r e m e di e s ho w
, ,

a nd wh e n a ppli e d t o p r e v e nt o r cu re di se a se Y ou h a v e b e e n
.

stu dyi ng t he d a ng e rs whi ch a t te nd t he d era ng e m e nt o r vi o l a ti o n

o f t he l a w s t h a t c o ntr o l t he m o v e m e nt s of th e se v ar i o u s ti ssu e s ,

so v a r i e d i n th e i r fu nc t i o ns y e t e a ch i n i t s pl a c e ne c essa r y t o t he
,

h arm o ni o u s h ea lt hy w o r k t h e y ar e d a ily c a ll e d to p e rfo r m t he

re l a ti o n e a ch su st a i ns t o the o th e r a nd ho w di se a se i n o ne m ay
,

a ff e c t a no th e r a nd o f te n di st a nt p ar t s ; wh a t mu st b e d one t o b r i ng
,

t h e m i nto h arm o ni o u s re l a ti o ns w i t h e a ch o th e r ho w t o gu ar d
t h e m f ro m i nj u ry a nd the d a ng e r s th a t su rro u nd u s o n e v e ry
sid e a nd t o w ar n o ur f e ll o w m e n o f the p e r il s th a t b e se t o ur
,

e v e ry m o v e m e nt . Y o u h a v e b e e n studyi ng the l a w s of h e a l t h
a nd di se a se a nd the re sult s which mu st su r e ly f o ll o w wh e n a ny o f
,

t h ese a re vi o l a te d e i th er by a ccid e nt o r c are l essne ss o f the

,

o w ne r . Th e se l a w s a nd r e l a ti o ns h a v e b e e n ca re fully f o rmul ate d

by th ose w ho h a v e g o ne b e fo re y o u i n t hi s sa m e fi e ld o f se i e n
tifi c study a nd h a v e b e e n e xpl a i ne d a nd illu stra te d by t h e se
,

t e a ch e rs w ho h a v e ha d y o u i n ch arg e du ri ng y o u r pupil a g e .

Y o u a re now to p ro v e by y o u r o w n o b serv a ti o n a nd e xp e r i e nc e
the c o rre ct ne ss of th e se t e a chi ng s a nd t o a dd to t h a t st o ck o f
,

k no wl edge f ro m w hich y o u r mi nd s h a v e b e e n fe e di ng du ri ng
t h e se y e a rs o f study T o do thi s p ro p e rl y a nd w e ll r e qui re s
.
,

m e th o d i n a ll y o u r w o rk and a re c o rd o f i nt e re sti ng f a c ts a nd
c a se s sh o u l d b e k e p t f o r futu re re f e re nc e .
216 TH E A R C H I VE S OF DE N T T IS R Y .

I re m e mb er wi th re g re t m a ny a n idl e h o u r in m y e ar ly pro
,

f e ssi o na l life which sh o uld h a v e b e e n o ccupi e d i n study o r

,

r e se a r ch o r wi t h p e n a nd p e ncil i n r e c o rdi n the d e t a il s of so m e

’

, g ,

succ e ssful Op e ra t i o n o r so m e f a ilu re f o r futu r e re f e re nc e a nd

, ,

st udy .

T ry to thi nk ou t and h a v e a r e a son f or e ve ry thi ng y o u do ;

.

t ra i n y o u r m i nd a nd fi ng e rs b e y o nd t h a t of a m e r e c o pyi st if ,

y o u wi sh to re a ch a h igh e r pl a ne i n y o u r p ro f e ssi ona l st a nd

i ng ; e nd e a v or t o di sc o v er so m e f a c t not Ob ser v e d o r r e c or d e d ,

a nd m a k e i t k no w n to y o u r br e th re n ; i t i s t h e se f re e i f
g ts t o
e a ch o t h e r t h a t m ar k a nd di st i ngu i sh t he p ro f e ssi o n f ro m the

t ra d e . E v e ry pr ofessi ona l m an a s B a c on qu a i ntly e xpre sse d it

, ,
“
i s a d e b tor to hi s p ro f e ssi o n f ro m the which a s m e n o f c o u rse , ,

d o se e k t o r e c e iv e c o u nte na nc e and p r o fi t so o ugh t t h e y of du ty , ,

t o end e a v or th e m se lv e s by w ay o f a m e nd s t o b e a h e l p a nd
, ,

orna m e nt t h e re to T he p e rc e p t i on th a t p r of e ssi o na l re l a t i o n
”
,
.

ship m e a ns no t a l o ne b e ne fi ts t o b e g a i ne d b u t b e ne fi t s to b e
, , ,

c o nf e rre d ; t h e se are the e sse nt i a l spi r i ts of p ro f e ssi ona l e t hic s ,

a nd f o r m t he f o u nd at i o n f or a cl a im t o p ro f e ssi o na l st a t u s Y o ur .

o w n a c ts will d e t e r mi ne y o u r sta ndi ng M a k e i t a r ul e a t the

.

b e gi nni ng of y ou r pr ofe ssi ona l c ar e e r t o a dd so m e thi ng to t he

r e c o rd e d k no wl e dg e o f y o u r sp e ci a l ty so t h a t y o u r p r o f e ssi o n
,

a nd t he w o r ld m ay b e t he g a i ne r s by y o u r l a b ors a nd a s a p a
y ,

m e nt o f the d e b t y ou o w e th o se w ho h a v e gone b e f or e in thi s

sa m e fi e ld o f k no wl e dg e .

P ro f e ssi ona l g ro w t h a nd standi ng i s l arge ly d e p e nde nt u p o n

a sso ci a t e f e ll o w ship ; m a k e i t y o u r du ty t o u ni t e wi t h a nd h e lp

a l o ng so ci ety w o r k ; b e c o m e a m e mb e r a nd a tt e nd g a th e r i ng s ,

th a t yo u m ay re c e iv e k no w l e dg e a nd b e c o m e i m bu e d wi t h a l o v e
of re se ar ch a nd o f d e fi ni t e w o r k a s w e ll as t o l e a rn t o k no w
,

y o u r p ro fessi ona l br e th r e n f or w e are al l so ci a l b e i ng s a nd asso

, ,

ci a ti o n wi t h t h o se i n the sa m e fi e ld s o f l a b or i s m o r e c o ng e ni a l , ,

a nd t e nd s to i nspi r e u s wi t h a spi r i t o f e mul a t i o n .

H one st i ntellige nt w or k will soone ror l a ter b r i ng its r e w ar d

d o not b e di sc o u ra g e d if i t c o m es l a t er I f i t b e y o u r l ot to .

w a i t sel e ct so m e p ar ticu l ar subj e c t a nd i nv e stig ate i t wi th the

, ,

v i e w of di sco v e r i ng so m e u no b ser v e d f a ct to a dd t o t he ge ne r a l
s to ck o f k n o wl e dg e f o r the b e ne fi t of t h o se w ho m ay f o ll o w y o u ,
 SO C IE T IE S . 21 7

a s a sol f ory o u r o w n a dv a nc e m e nt Whil e i t i s t ru e th a t w o n

.

de rf ul a dv a nc e m e nts h a v e b e e n m a d e i n d e nti stry a nd v e ry sa t ,

i sf a cto ry a tta i nm e nts h a v e b e e n r e a ch e d a nd g ra t ifyi ng r e sul ts ,

se cu re d t h e re a re m a ny p r o bl e m s re m a i ni ng t o b e so lv e d
,
t h e re
a re fi e ld s a lm o st wh o lly u nt ill e d which i nvi t e sci e nt ific l a b or a nd
,

r e se a r ch w i t h p ro mi se o f v a lu a bl e re sul ts w hi ch we hep e o u r
‘
‘

y o u ng b ro t h e rs will cul tiv a te wi th p r ofi t to t h e m selv e s a nd f or

,

the b e ne fi t o f t he p ro f e ssi on a nd o f hum a ni ty

,
.

U ntil a l l the v ari ou s o ffic e s of the te e th are fully c omp re h e nd e d ,

t h e i r v a lu e will no t b e fully a pp re ci a te d Wi th m o re k no wl e dg e
.
,

no t o nly the p r o f e ssi on b u t the publi c will c o m e t o r e g a r d the

, ,

l oss of a to o th as a r e a l mi sfo r tu ne i ts u nne c e ssa ry e x tra c t i o n a

, .

c r im e .

Th ere i s a n i nc rea si ng a bili ty i ncli na ti o n a nd fa cili ty f or the

,

sci e nt ific p r ose cu ti o n o f i nv e st ig at i o n o n the p a r t o f d e nt i st s ,

which sh a ll c o mm a nd f or d e nti stry as a cl early d e fi ne d p r of e ssi o n ,

o r sp e ci a l ty o f m e di ci ne the r e c o g ni ti o n a nd r e sp e c t of the
,

sci e nt ific w o r ld W e a re b u t j u st b e gi nni ng to re a liz e the co m

.

p l e xi t
y a n d th e sig n ific a n c e o f t h e p r o bl e m s a w a iti ng s o lu t i on

such i nv e st ig a t i o ns by c o mp e t e nt e arne st w o r k ers will e duc a t e

, ,

the public wid e n the pu rp o se o f i nstr uc ti o n a nd giv e a f o r w a r d

, ,

m o v e m e nt t o a l l o ur t e a chi ng s a nd studi e s A ll th i ng s re tro .

“

g ra d e which do no t a dva nc e i s a n a xi o m which a ppli e s a l i k e t o

”

the c o ll e g e the so ci e ty a nd t o t he i ndividu a l

, ,
.

T he d e nt a l d e p a r t me nt th o ugh di sti nct in i ts g e ne r a l sc op e

,
‘

a nd w o r k a s i ts se p ara te t i tl e i ndic a t e s i s i n i t s f o u nd a t i o n p r i n
, , ,

c i l e s a nd studi e s so i nt im a t e ly c o nne ct e d a nd i nte r w o v e n wi t h

p ,

th a t o f m e dici ne th a t m a ny of its studi e s ca n wi th p r o fi t to b o th

,

b e studi e d i n t he sa m e sch ool a nd i n t he sa m e c l a sses a s i s d o ne

, ,

i n thi s d e p ar tm e nt of C o lum bi a U niv e rsi ty : a l th o ugh i n o ur

i nf a ncy a nd e a rly y o u th w e w e re sa dly ne g l e c te d by o ur na tu ra l
p a re nt a nd l e f t m o stly to o ur o w n d e vic e s ye t the a m e nd in the ,

p a st f e w y e ars ha s b e e n so a mpl e a nd c o r di al th a t al l f e e li ng s o f
r e se nt m e nt h a v e b e e n fo rgo tten a nd the d e si re a ro use d t o
st re ngth e n the b o nd o f u ni o n b e tw e e n t he m e dic a l a nd de nta l

p ro fe ssi o ns A l th o ugh o ur w o r k is l a rg ely m e ch a nic a l a nd a rti s

.

t i c i ts g e ne ra l w o rk a nd study i s cl e a r a nd di s ti nct a nd mu st o f
, ,

ne c essi ty re m a i n so y e t t hi s w o rk i s up o n p a r ts e nd o w e d w i th
,
2 18 TH E A R C H I VE S OF DE N TI S TR Y .

e xqui si te life which re sp o nd s to e v ery to uch or bl o w th a t se nds

, ,

the bl o o d wi t h a re sp o nsiv e th ro b t h r o ugh o u r wh o l e b o dy a nd ,

o f te n p ro m o t i ng o r a w ak e ni ng l a t e nt di se a se i n so m e r e m o te o r

di stant ti ssue : u ntil a t t im e s w e a r e l e d to thi nk t h a t e v e ry

, ,

b one mu scl e a nd ti ssu e of the b o dy has di re ct and i nstantane o u s

,

t e l e g ra phic ca mm uni ca ti o n wi t h t he te e t h Th ese communica .

t ions mu st b e re a d a nd i nter p r e te d by the i nt e llig e nt c o mp e te nt ,

d e nti st a nd re m e di e s a ppli e d or the p at i e nt sent t o the sp e ci al

, ,

i st th a t he m ay w ork wi th us : t hu s a g a i n sh o wi ng the i nt e r
,

l a pi ng o f t he tw o p r of e ssi ons M a y o u r p r o fe ssi o na l b r oth e rs

.
,

w ho w a i t a t t h e se v ar i o u s stat i ons b e so cl e ar ly e d uc a te d i n t he
,

r e l a t i onship o f t h ese v a r i o u s p a rt s wi t h the te e t h t h a t t h e y m ay ,

u nd erstand the m e ssag e s t h at m ay b e tr a nsmi tte d th rou gh the

i nt ri cate sy ste m of c o mmu nic ati o n the ne r v e s and b e e v er ,

re a dy t o giv e h e e d t o t h e se u r g e nt c a ll s f o r assi st a nc e M a ny .

o f t h e se di st ur b a nc e s t o b e fully u nd e r st o o d
,
m u st b e studi e d ,

a nd i nt e r p r e t e d by c o nsul t at i on wi t h the sp e ci a li st w ho m a y

p re sid e o v e r or h a ve ch arg e o f t h e se v ar i o u s stati ons ; it i s j u st

h e re w h e r e t he tw o prof e ssi o ns can b e of gre at a ssi stanc e to e a ch
o t h e r i n p ro p e r ly di a g no si ng di sea se e sp e ci a lly i n di se ases of ,

the e ar t h roa t or st o m a ch which h a v e m o re o r l e ss c o nne cti o n

, ,
.

wi th the o ra l ca vity and e sp e ci a lly of the ner v es of t he te e th

, .

B e e v e r re a dy to giv e a s w e ll a s t o se e k a dvi c e se e k t o cul t i

v at e mut u a l ai d a nd h e lp .

T he oral c av i ty o v e r which the d e nt i st p re sid e s i s t he p o rt a l

, , ,

or the e ntranc e t o the ci ta d e l a nd whil e bui ldi ng a nd st re ng t h

e ni n
g with w a ll s o f g o ld the se m i c i r cul ar r o w o f iv or y pill a r s
-

w h ose p e rfe ct i o n i s so ne c e ssary to h e a l th a nd b e a u ty i t i s a l so ,

hi s p ro vi nc e t o ch all e ng e e v e ry su sp e cte d e ne my to h ea l th to ,

a ll o w no t hi ng c o ntra b a nd t o p ass o r to p er mit a ny d e ra ng e m e nt

,

o f th e se o rg a ns o f m ast ic a t i o n whi c h m ay b e pl a c e d i n hi s c are

, ,

r e m e mb e r i ng t h a t the di sa bli ng or l o ss o f a ny o f t h e m m ay so w

the se e d s o f t ro ubl e a nd di sease i n v ar i o u s p a r ts of the b o dy ,

whi ch al l the skill o f o u r m edi cal b ro th ers m ay not b e a bl e t o

er a dic a te .

Gre a t care sh ould b e tak e n i n the sick ro om wh ere the v ery -

a i r i s c h ar g e d wi t h b a c te r i a l lif e a nd mic ro or g a ni sm s whi ch -

are e v e r re a dy to pu t i n t h e i r d e a dly w or k I w ould call the .

 SO C IE T IE S . 2 19

i
a tte nt o n o f o u r m e dic a l b ro th e r s to the ne c e ssi ty of re c o mm e nd
ing the u se of so m e g e r micid e o r a nt i a cid a s m ay b e i ndic a t e d
, , ,

a r giv e c o mf o rt a nd p r e v e nt di se a se t o t h o se u nd e r o u r mu t u a l
,

c are a nd to a id the d e nt i st in hi s w o rk M a ny a tro ubl e so m e

,
.

a nd di se a se d t oo th d a tes i ts b e gi nni ng i n t he sick r o o m wh e r e -

, ,

by a li ttl e t im e ly p re c a u ti o n much su ff e r i ng c o uld h a v e b e e n

,

sa v e d the p a t i e nt a nd the
,
l a b ors of the d e nt i st ligh t e ne d .

H e re aga i n w e se e the rel ati onhship of the tw o p rofessi o ns

, ,
.

L e t a l l y o u r re l a t i o ns O f lif e e sp e ci a lly t h o se o f a p r o f e ssi o na l

.

ch ara c ter b e m ark e d by p r ud e nc e ki nd ne ss a nd t h o ugh tful

, , ,

c o nsid e ra ti on f o r t he f e e li ngs a nd vi e w s of t h o se wi th wh o m y ou
m ay h a v e a ny r e l a t i ons wh a t m ay b e t r u th to th e m m ay a pp e ar
a s e rr or t o
y o u L a b.o r t o c o n vi nc e ra th e r t h a n t o d e n o u n c e

t h ose w ho do no t a g re e wi t h y o u r vi e w s o r t r e a t m e nt .

T he st udy of t hi s w o nd e rf ul b o dy of o u r s i n e a ch a nd e v e ry ,

p ar t so p e rf e ctly fi tte d f or i ts w ork mu st w e thi nk h a v e s ug

, , , ,

ge ste d to y o u the wi sd o m a nd divi ne k no wl e dge of the C re a tor ,

a nd sh o uld ch a ll e ng e y o u r t h o ugh tful a tt e nti o n t h a t u m a

y o y ,

t he b e t te r u nd e rsta nd y o u r du t i e s whil e i nh a bi t i ng thi s h o u se

,

no t m a d e wi t h h a nd s .

A s y ou l e a v e t h e se h all s o f study re m e mb e r th a t the t e a ch e r s

,

w ho h a v e l a b ore d to i nstruct a nd p r o p e r ly e quip y o u f o r y o u r

d ut i e s will w a tch wi t h ne v e r f a ili ng i nter e st y o u r c are e r y o u r
,
-

su cess will b e t h e i r d e ligh t ; u np ro f e ssi o na l a c t s re fl e c t up o n

‘

th e i r t ea chi ng s a nd will so one r or l a te r b r i ng y ou i nt o di sre pu t e

, ,

a nd re p e l t h ose w h o m o u w o uld wi sh to h a v e f o r y o u r p a tro ns

y
a nd f r i e nd s .

M ay y o u r fu tu re c a re e r e xc e e d y o u r a spi ra ti ons a nd b r i ng to
a h a ppy f r ui t i o n the h o p e s a nd e xp e ct a t i o ns o f t h e se w a i ti ng

f ri end s w ho h a v e h onore d th i s o cc asi on with th e i r p re se nc e

, .

SOU T H CA R OL I N A S T A T E DEN T AL A S S O C IA T I O N T he t w e nt i e th —

a nnu a l m e e ti ng o f the S o u th C ar o li na S t a te D e nt a l A sso ci a ti o n

will b e h e ld in Ch a rl e sto n c o mm e nci ng o n Tu e sd ay M ay 1 3 th

, , ,

1 890 a t the Ch a rl e sto n H o te l a t 1 2 o cl o ck M

,
’
, .

A c ordi al i nvita ti on is e xte nde de d to me mb e rs o f the p ro te s

si o n.
E C R I D GELL Cor S ec . .
,
. .
2 20 TH E AR C HI V E S or DE N T T
IS R Y .

IO WA
ST A T E D E NT AL A SS O C IAT ION .

T he t w e nty e igh th a nnu a l m e e t i ng of thi s A sso ci a t i on will b e

-

h e ld o n M ay 6th to 9th i nclu siv e a t Dubuq ue I o w a , , , .

Y o u are e a rne stly re qu e ste d t o a tte nd No l a b or o r exp e nse .

has b e e n sp a re d t o m a k e t hi s m e e t i ng of i ne st im a bl e v a lu e t o
e v e ry d e nt i st A p rog ra mm e o f u nu su a l i nte re st has b e e n pre
‘

p ar e d a nd al l w ho a re inte re st e d i n p rog re ssi v e d e nti stry will

,

fi nd a f e a st of k no wl e dge a w a i t i ng t h e m .

T he fo l l o w i ng i s a li st o f t he e ssayi sts a nd the subj e c ts o f t h e i r

e ssa y s

F M Sch r iv e r G l e nw oo d President s A ddre ss T L J a m e s

. .
’
, ,
. .
,

Fa i rfi e l d C a na l s o f H um an T e e t h P ulp s ; L C I nge rso ll K e o

,
. .
,

kuk L o c a l A naesth e tic s W X Suddu th Phil a d e lphi a L e ctu re

,
. .
, , ,

i l lu strate d wi t h p ro j e c ti ng microsc op e L K F ull e rton W ate r . .

,

l o o Wh e re f o r e
,
J H ar d man, Mu sc a t i ne S wage d A lumi num .
,

Pl ate s wi th R u bb e r Atta chm e nts and aPl a n of M o v a bl e B ri dge

, ,

Wo r k illu strat e d by m o d e l s ; J N C ro u se Chic a go A T a lk ; A

,
. .
, ,
.

O H u nt I o wa Ci ty Ligh t f or t he O p e rati ng R o o m ; A W
.
, ,
. .

H arl an Chicago T he U se of Diff usibl e M e dica m ents I n a nd

, ,

Aro u nd t he R Oots of Teet h ; I P Wilson Bu rli ngton Path o . .

, ,

l o gic a l C ondi t i ons of the E thm o id B one R e sul t i ng F ro m D e ntal ,

L e si on A N Fe rri s Waterl o o Br idge “ ork A W M cC a nd

. .
, ,
I
. .

l e ss D a v e np or t H a sh A H Th o mp so n To p e k a C e m e nts i n
, ,
. .
, ,

D e nta l Th era p e u tic s L F K ell ogg M a rsha ll to w n the P ro te o . .

, ,

t i b n o f the D e nta l Pulp ; J T A bb o t t M a nch e ste r R e m a r k s to . .

, ,

Yo u ng Pra cti ti oners t opic C a st Yo u r B rea d U pon the ,

“

W aters F T Br e ene I o wa Ci ty Infe ct i on a nd Di si nfe cti o n

. .
, ,

T E W e e k s Mi nne a p oli s Mi nn E duc a t i o na l M e th o d s I n C ol

. .
, ,
.
,

l e g e a nd O ut ; M G J e ni son Mi nne a p o li s Mi nn P ho togra . .

, , .
,

phy i n D e nt i stry a nd M e dici ne E R Mull e t Cli nto n R oo t . .

, ,

Filli ng .

CL I NI C S A O H u nt I o wa Ci ty T ak i ng I mp r e ssi o n a nd
.
—
. .
, ,

M aki ng C ast o f F a c e ; F B Cl a rk, Dubuqu e G old Filli ng On . .

,

L abi a l Surfa c e o f I nci so r u si ng H o w e C er vica l Cl a mp ; J B ,

. .

M ontfort Fairfi e l d G old F illi ng Po ste r i o r Su rfa c e u si ng B a ck

, , ,

A cti on Bl o w A bb ott M all e t ; J W Was se ll Chic ago Treat . .

, ,

m e nt o f Pulpl e ss Te e th and C ana l F illi ng of Chl ora p er ch a and -

Gold Wi re C Th o mas D e s M o i ne s G old Filling the F illi ng

.
, ,
—
 SO C IE T IE S . 22 1

b e i ng m a d e o ut o f M o u th and a f te rw a rd s Pl a c e d in T ooth H N . .

B ai rd Bu rli ng to n B ridge Wo rk w i th O p e n B a nd s o n A nte r i o r

, ,

Te e th wh e re A b sor p ti o n o f Parts ha s b e e n c o nsid e ra bl e a nd W h e re

i t i s ne c essa ry to r e st ore the F o r m of the L ip u si ng hi s o r igi na l ,

m e th od f or t a ki ng m e a su re f o r O p e n B and s ; C N J o h nson . .
,

Chic a go C o mm e nci ng F illi ng wi th C ry sta ll o id G o ld a nd a l so

, ,

F illi ng Toot h wi t h T in and G o ld ; T S Wa l ters B a l tim ore . .

, ,

Pra c t ic a l D e vic e f or E l o nga ti ng a T o o th a l so D e vic e to D riv e ,

Tooth i nto A lv e olu s or S o ck e t wi th M o d e l s b e f o re a nd a f te r ,

C o rre cti o n K M F ull e r ton C e d a r F a ll s G o ld C ro w n o n

. .
, ,

S e c o nd Bicu spid or M ol a r d e m o nstra ti ng a m e th o d f or o bt a i ni ng

,

di e s to sw a g e the cap wh e re by a p e r f e ct o cclu si o n wi th Opp o s

ing t ooth i s se cu re d ; C G Th o m as D e s M o i ne s P re p a ra ti o n . .
, ,

a nd F illi ng o f the P ulp C a na l s S S e a rl e s I o w a Ci ty B r idge .

-

, ,

W ork ; J H ar dm an Mu scat i ne S wa ge d A lumi num Pl a te s E

.
, ,
.

W Mu nn Dubuqu e G o ld F illi ng u si ng E l e ct ri c a l M a ll e t L P
.
, , ,
. .

H a ske ll Ch icago C onti nu o u s G u m C a se f ro m Fo r m ati o n of

'

, , ,

M o d el s to C o mpl e ti on ; E P a r ml e y B ro w n N e w Y o rk P ra cti
,

.
, ,

ca l C ase s of al l Por c e l a i n B ridg e W o r k a nd N e w P or c e l a i n

C ro w n ; T E W e ek s F illi ng s up o n Pr o xi m a l Su rf a c e s h a vi ng
. .
,

B roa d C o nt a ct J B E nt r i c a n D e s M o i ne s G old F illi ng u si ng

. .
, , ,

t he E l e c tr ic M a ll e t u tilizi ng the E di so n cu r re nt
,
.

T R A N S P O R T A T ION A N D H O T EL A C C O MM O D A T ION S T he f o l .
—
“

l o wi ng na m e d r a il ro a d s will g ra nt the ra te o f o ne a nd o ne
-

t hi r d r e tu rn f are o n th e i r li ne s i n I o w a D e nti sts to se cu re .

t he ra te mu st buy t ick et s o v e r e a ch li ne t ra v e l e d a nd se cu re ,

c e rt ific a t e s o f a g e nt a t starti ng p o i nt a nd j u nc ti o n o f e a ch ra i l
ro a d . By p re se nti ng the c e rtific a t e sig ne d by the S e cre t a ry o f
the D e nta l A sso ci a ti o n it will b e h o no r e d by al l t ick e t a g e nts o f
,

th e se li ne s f o r o ne t hi r d f a re re t u r n p assa g e
-

Bu rli ng to n C e d ar Ra pid s N Chic a g o

, Northw e ste rn .
°

Chic ag o B u rli ngton Q Chic a go Milw a uk e e S t P H a n

,
.
,
. .

nib a l St J oe K C S t J o e C o u ncil Blu ff s W a b a sh R a il

. . .
,
.

w ay ; S t L o ui s K e o kuk
. N W Mi nne a p oli s S t L o ui s
,
. . .

I o wa C e ntra l I lli no i s C e ntral .

T he f oll o wi ng h o te l s h a v e a g re e d t o m a k e the sp e ci a l ra te s
na m e d b e l o w du ri ng the m e e ti ng o f the A sso ci a ti o n : Juli e n ,

$2 5 0 pe r day L o ri me n $2 50 a nd $2 00 pe r day M e rch a nts ,

$2 00 pe r da y .
222 TH E A R C H I VE S OF DEN T I S TR Y .

T hem e e ti ng s o f the S o ci e ty will b e h eld in the ’

l a di e s ordi nary
o f t he J ul i e n H o te l .

S T A T E BOA R D OF DEN T AL EX A M I N ER S T he S tate B o ard of .

—

D e nta l E x a mi ne r s W i ll h old i ts ne xt annu a l m e e t i ng at Dubuqu e ,

c o mm e nci ng at 1 0 A M Tu e sd ay M ay 6 7 8 a nd 9th and con .

, , , .

t i nu e i n sessi o n f o u r d a y s W ri t te n e x a mi nat i ons are re qui re d .

up on t he f oll o wi ng t o pic s : A na tomy Phy si ol ogy Path o l ogy , , ,

H i stol ogy M a ter i a M e dica Su rge ry Th e rape u tic s Ch e mi stry

, , , , ,

I rI e gu l ar i tie s o f the T e e th O p era t iv e a nd P I o stheti c D e nt i stry , .

S e v e nty fi v e p er c e nt o f c orre c t answ ers o f the full qu ota o f

—
.

qu e st i o ns u se d are re q ui re d to e nt i tl e a n a pplic a nt t o r e c e iv e
lic e nse T he f e e f o r e x a mi nat i on i s t wo d o ll a rs not r etur na bl e
.
,

i n c a se of f a ilu r e t o p ass Gra du ate s from re pu ta bl e c oll e ge s .

c a n o b ta i n lic e nse by p r o vi ng t h e i r di pl o m as a nd p a yi ng t he ,

f e e o f t w o d o ll a rs Fo r f ur the r i nf orm a ti o n a dd re ss the S e c r e

'

.
,

t a ry o f the S t a te B o a rd .

S A G a rd ne r S e c re t a ry Tip to n ; J H a rdm a n Ch a i rm a n
' . .
, ,
.
, ,

Mu sc a t i ne J T A bb o tt M a nche ste r ; E D B re w e r L e M ars ;

,

. . . .
, ,

E E H ugh e s D e s M o i ne s
. .
,
.

M I C HIGAN D EN TAL A SS O C IATION .

T he t hi rty fif t h -

a nn a u l m e e ti ng will be h e ld at J a ck so n Ju ne ,

3 d, 4 t h a nd 5 th, 1 890 .

Ev er y e ffo rt will b e m a d e by the E x e cu t iv e a nd L o c a l C o mmi t

te e s t o m a k e t he c o mi ng m e e t i ng b o th i nte r e st i ng a nd i nstr u c
t iv e .

T he u su a l re duc ti o n will b e se cu r e d at h o te l s and up on ra il

roa ds ,
a nd e v e ry t hi ng p o i nt s t o a p ro fi ta b l e a nd e nj o y a bl e o cc a

i
s on .

c ommi t te e c o rdi ally i nvi te y o u r p re se nc e

T he .

I t i s e xp e c te d t h a t p r o mi ne nt m e n i n the p ro fe ssi o n f ro m o th er
S tate s will b e p re se nt a t the m e eti ng .

O FFI C E R S C S Case Pre sid e nt ; C H Dy er F i rst V ic e

—
. .
,
. .
,

Pre sid e nt ; C W M cN au ghton S e cond V ic e Pre sid e nt ; Wm

. .
,
.

Cl e l and S e cre tary ; H K L ath ro p Tr e a su r er E x e cutiv e C o m

,
. .
,
.

m i tte e G e o H M osh e r H C C o rns S F O w e n

-

. . Sup e r ,
. .
, . . .

vi sor o f Cli nic s E C M O O I e L o ca l C o mmitte e G L G i sh

,
. . .
,
. . .
 SO C IE T IE S . 2 23

D EN T AL S O C I E T Y O F T H E ST AT E O F N E W YORK .

T he t w e nty se c o nd a nnu a l m e e ti ng of the D e nta l S o i e ty of

-
c

t he S ta te o f N e w Y o r k will b e h e ld i n t he H e r m a nu s Bl e e ck e r
H a ll Al ba ny W e d ne sd ay a nd Thu rsd ay M ay 1 4 th a nd 1 5 th
, , , ,

1 890 .

T heS o ci e ty w ill b e c a ll e d to o rd er at 1 0 A M W e d ne sd ay . . .

M e mb e rs o r o th e rs w ho d e si re to p re se nt p a p e rs will pl e a se
, ,

i nf o rm t he C ha i rm a n of the Bu si ne ss C om m i tte e D r A R , . . .

S ta rr 1 64 E a st N i ne ty fi rst stre e t N e w Y o rk
,
—
,
.

P e rso ns i nte ndi ng to c o mp e te f o r the Wh i tne y M e m o ri a l “

P riz e mu st h a v e t h e i r e ssay s wi th t he ch a i rm a n o f the co m

”

m i tte e D r L S S tr a w N e w b urgh a t l e a st t e n d ay s b e f or e t he
,
. . .
, ,

m e e ti ng T he e nv e l op e c o nta i ni ng the e ssay sh o uld b e m a rk e d

.

Fo r t he W hi tne y M e m or i a l P r iz e T he na m e o f th e w r i te r ”
'

sh o uld a cc o mp a ny t he e ssa y b u t i n a no th e r a nd se a l e d e nv e ,

l op e .

T he S e c r e t a r i e s o f the Di str ic t S o ci e ti e s are re qu e ste d to f or

w a rd th e i r r e p or ts to the S e c re t a ry of the Sta te S o ci ety o n o r
b e fore the 7th o f M a v I t i s re qu e ste d th at the r e p or ts b e .

m a d e a s c o mpl e te a nd c o nci se a s p o ssi bl e .

Th o se w ho W i sh to e xhi bi t a ppli a nc e s m a te ri a l s e tc sh o uld , ,

.
,

c o rre sp ond wi t h t he Ch a i r m a n of t he C o mmi tte e O f A rra nge

m e nts D r A M W righ t T roy
, . . .
,
.

T he B oar d o f C e nsor s will m e e t a t the D e l e v a n H o u se Tu es ,

’
d a y m or ni ng M a y 1 3 th a t te n o cl o ck f o r the e x a mi na ti o n o f
, , ,

c a nd id ate s f o r t he d e g re e of M a ste r o f D e nta l Su rg e ry “ ”

N o e x a m i na t i o n will b e h e ld du r i ng t he m e e t i ng o f
t he S o ci e ty I nf or m a ti o n a s to the re q ui re m e nts of the b oa rd
.

m ay b e had by a dd re ssi ng the S e c re t ary D r F ra nk F re nch ,

.

R o ch e ste r .

CO MM I TT EE S A r ra nge m ea ts D rs A M W right J I V .
—
. . .
, . .

C a na d a y J J Mill s ; Bu si ne ss D rs A R S ta rr V H
,
. .
— A
. . .
, . .

J a ck so n M D J e w e ll , Public a ti on D rs F T V a n VV o e rt
. .
—
. . .
.

Wm J a r vi e C T H o w a r d ; Pra c t ic e D rs R O tto l e ngu i

.
,
. .
—
. .
,

H ym a n Ro sa A J G ro ss ; L a w D rs Wm C a rr E C B a x , . . . .
, . .

te r , M E E lm e nd o rf ; E thic s D rs C K V a n V l c c k R
. .
—
. . .
, .

F J o ne s J E L a mb ; P riz e E ssay — D rs L S S tra w J P

.
,
. . . . .
, . .

G ora n W A Whi te ,
. F T V AN W O E R T S ecre ta ry
. . . .
, .
224 V T H E AR CH I E S OF DE N TI S TR Y .

UNIV ERSIT Y OF D E N VER D ENT AL D E PAR TM EN T —

.

T he se c ond a nnu a l c o mm e nc e m e nt te x e r cise s of the M e dic o

D e nta l D e p ar tm e nt of the U niv e rsi ty of D e nv er too k pl a c e a t
the T r i ni ty M E Chu r ch Thu r sd ay e v e ni ng A p r il 1 7th 1 880
. .
, ,
.

T he a nnu a l a dd re ss w as d e liv e r e d by R ev D ea n H a r t . .

Mu sic on the g re a t o rgan by Pro f e ssor H o u sl e y

,
‘

T he f a cul ty a dd re ss by D r J C D a vi e s D e a n of the M e di ,
. . .
,

ca l D e p a rt m e nt .

T he numb er o f m a tr icul a te s i n the d e nta l d e p artm e nt w a s

f o u rt e en .

T he d e gre e of D D S wa s c o nfe rr e d u p on the f o ll o wi ng gr a d

. . .

na te s by R ev A B Hyd e D D . Ch a nc e ll or of the U niv ersi ty

. .
,
. .
,

K ate D eP M oyl l e C o l ora do ; L a urenc e O N ei l Californi a ;

.
’
.
,

Fra nk X Re xfo rd Co l o ra d o J a m e s E Sh o e m ak er S ara h

.
,
.
,

M ary T o w nse nd I saa c B M cG irk O tt o T Pr e y J A ll e n ,

.
,
.
,
.

Smi th H e nry E Smi th H er b ert S R ey nold s A lv a H S a wi ns

,
.
,
.
,
.
,

C ol ora d o .

N O T H CAROLI
R A S T A T E DE N T AL A S S O C IA T ION T he six te e nth
N .
—

a nnu a l m e e t i ng o f the a b o v e A sso ci at i on will b e h el d i n W il

mi ng tou c o mm e nci ng o n the f o u rth Tu e sd ay i n Ju ne and

,

c ont i nu e its se ssi ons f or th re e d ay s .

Th e r e will b e a full p r o gra m m e o f sci e ntific w or k i ncl udi ng ,

a l a r g e cli nic .

A c ordi a l i nvi tati on i s e x te nde d to the profe ssi on to atte nd .

C onc or d N C ,
H C H E R RIN G S ecr eta ry
. . . .
,
.

COLO R A D O S T A TE DEN T AL A S S O C I A T ION T he f o ur th annu a l .

—

m e e t i ng of the C o l ora d o S ta te D e nta l A sso ci a t i on will b e h e ld i n

D enve r Ju ne 3 rd to 5 th 1 890 A c o rdi al i nvi tat i o n i s e x te nde d
, ,
.

t o m e mb e r s of the p ro f e ssi on t o b e p r e se nt .

CHA S F DO D GE Cor S ee . .
,
. .

A RK S TAT E DEN T AL SO C IE TY T he t hi r d a nnu a l se ssi on

AN S AS .
-

o f the A k a nsa s S ta te D e nt a l S o ci e ty will b e h e ld i n L i tt l e

R o ck on the thi r d T usday in M ay L G R O B E R TS S ec y

,
’
. . .
,
.
 SO C IE T I E S . 2 25

FORT Y S E V ENTH AN NUAL C ON V EN TIO N OF THE

-

M I SS I SS I PP I V ALLEY A SS O C IA T ION OF
D EN T AL S URGEON S .

IN INNA T I OHIO C C ,
.

( ON T INUE D F O M P AGE C R

’
Pro f J Ta f t s p a p er
. .

I NVEN T ION S AN D N E W THING S .

Pe rso ns w ho h a v e d e vi se d a n i nstrum e nt h a v e i t p a te nte d f or

t w o pu r p o se s : First m o ne y which i s to b e d e riv e d f ro m it ;
.

se c o nd p r i or i ty
,
Fe w i nv e nto r s d e r iv e a ny p r o fi t f ro m t h e i r
.

i nv e nt i o n ; ne a rly a l way s i t i s t he bu si ne ss ma n or t h ose w ho

m a k e p a te nts a bu si ne ss w ho m a k e the m o ne y Fe w i nv e ntors .

k no w how to m a k e m o ne y o u t o f a p a te nt S o m e p a t e nts ar e .

v e ry good b u t m any a re no t w ort h much T he p r ote ct i on

,
.

’
a florde d b
y p a t e nti ng a n i nv e nt i o n ha s b e e n t he c a u se o f e x t or
‘

ti on . Thi s ha s b e e n sh o w n by the o l d r ubb er p at e nts F r o m .

t hi s t h e r e has a r i se n a f e e li ng o f se lf p r o te c t i o n a m o ng t he -

m e mbe rs o f the d e nta l pro f e ssi o n T he o l d r ubb er c omp a ny .

,

u nd e r t he gui se o f t he A m e ri c a n T o o t h C ro w n C o by i ts imp o .
,

sit io n ha s c a u se d the o rg a niz at i o n o f t he A m e r i c a n D e nta l P ro

t e c tiv e A sso ci a t i o n A t a m e e t i ng o f d e nt i sts i n N e w Y o r k i t

.
,

w a s a u na nim o u s v o te t o e nd o r se t he A D P A By thi s A sso . . . .

c i a ti o n b e tte r t hi ng s m a y b e e xp e c te d i n t he fu tu re
,
I f the A . .

T C C o i s no t c o mb atte d it will o ve rrul e the p rof e ssi o n T he

. . .
,

o b j e c t of t he P ro t e c t iv e A sso ci a t i o n i s a l so t o p r o te c t fro m m any

o th e r imp o si ti o ns f ro m nostr um s e tc , ,
.

A c o mmi ssi o n is re co mm e nd e d to e x a mi ne a l l i nve nti o ns a nd

e nc o u r a g e t h o se which a r e o f v a lu e a s w e ll a s p re v e nt f ro m p r e ss
,

i ng O f f ra ud s T he e x a mi ne rs w o uld b e c o m e e xp e r i e nc e d a nd
.
,

t he i nv e nt i o ns which w o uld re c e iv e d th e i r a pp ro v a l c o uld b e

re c e iv e d W i t h o u t m uch f e a r o f f ra ud by t he p ro f e ssi o n Thi s .

’
w o uld b e a gu ara nte e o f t he i nv e nti o n s w o r th a nd i n th a t w ay ,

b o th the i nv e nto r a nd the p ro fe ssi on w o uld be b e ne fi tte d I t .

w o uld p ro te c t a g a i nst the p re ssi ng o f f ra ud s a nd i n th a t w ay ,

much t im e a nd o f te n re puta ti o n sa v e d to the o p e ra to r ; thi s

, ,

w o uld se rv e a s a stro ng b o nd o f u ni o n to the p rof e ssi o n

. .
O 6
L [
5

C TH E A R C HI VE S OF DE N T T
I S R Y .

U S S ION DI SC .

D R H J M C K E L L O P S Op e ne d the di scu ssi on by sayi ng a pe r

. . .

so n w ho ha s o nc e t a k e n a lic e nse f r o m t he A m e r ic a n T o o t h

C ro w n C o ca n ne ve r ge t o ut o f ta ki ng a lic e nse t h e r e a f te r
. .

Si nc e t hi s i s still in li t ig at i on i t i s b e tte r and m o re e c o no mic a l ,

f or a p e rso n to t a k e no lic e nse si nc e if he i s p ro se cu te d t h e r e , ,

ca n b e o nly the b a c k ro y a l t y c o ll e c te d no b a ck lic e nse He —

.

sugg e sts t h a t d e a ns of d e nta l c o ll e g e s p o i nt o u t t h e se t o t he stu

d e nts a nd b r i ng t h e m up in the w ay th e y sh o uld go I t I S the

,
.

duty of e v e ry d e nt i st l oy a l to the p ro f e ssi o n t o j o i n the A m e ri

, ,

ca n D e nt a l P r o te c t iv e A sso ci a t i o n .

PROF H A S M I T H sa id he a dvi se s hi s st ud e nts i n t h o se

. . .

t hi ng s T he m o ne y i s sa f e i n t he h a nd o f t he A sso ci a ti o n a nd
.
,

e v e r y c e nt i s a cc o u nt e d f o r I f y ou pay and are b e ate n th e re .

,

i s t e n dol l a i s w or th O f sat i sf a ct i o n i n b e i ng on t he fi gh t sid e a nd

wi th the b e st m e n o f t he p rofe ssi o n I f yo u a re b e ate n yo u .

ly h a v e to pay t he r oy al ity T he Pr ote ct iv e A sso ciati oii has

,

on .

the b e st l aw y e I s in the l a nd w ho w o uld p rote c t o ur r igh ts , ,

which h a v e b e e n t ra mpl e d so b a dly T he P ro te ct iv e A sso ci a .

t i o n w o uld l oo k a fter o t h e r p a t e nt s .

D C M W r igh t Ci nci nna ti O hi o r e a d a p a p e r o n

r . . .
, , ,

T H E WEAL T H OF DEN T I S T S .

I n c o nsid er i ng the w e a l th of a nat i o n so m e w r i te r s h a v e ,

not o nly p a ti e ntly e num e r a te d t he v a r i o u s p o sse ssi o ns o f the

'

na t i o n o f a pu re l y m a teri a l i sti c natu re

,
such a s su rplu s o f g o ld —

a nd silv e r i n the v a ul ts o f t he tre asu ry e xc e ss o f i nc o m e o v e r ,

o u t pu t o f r e v e nu e d u t i e s i nt e r e st o n m o ne y l o a ne d to r a il r o a d s
, ,

and f o r e ig n c o u ntr i e s i nc re asi ng v a lu e o f l a nd e tc e tc

,
b ut ,
.
,
.
,
—

h a v e al so t a k e n an a cc o u nt o f the m ore i nta ngibl e b ut no ne t he ,

l ess m or e r e a l v a r i a bl e c o ndi t i ons such a s the clim a t e of the ,

c o u ntry the h e a l th a nd m ora li ty o f the i nh a bi ta nts o f the c o u n

,

t ry the i nc re a si ng i nte llig e nc e o f t he v a r i o u s c o mmu ni t i e s

,
In .

o t h e r w o r d s t h e se w r i t e rs h a v e pl a c e d t he m o r a li ty the i nt e l
, ,

l e ctu a l gro w th a nd the h e a l th of the p eo pl e t he phy sic a l a nd —

m e nta l p r o sp e r i ty o f the i nh a bi t a nts t h e m se lv es a s i te m s to b e —

a dd e d up wi t h t he g ro sse r m a t e r i a l p r osp er i ty o f t he c o u ntry .

it 96 it 96 96 96 96 it 96 96 96 96 if 96 96 96 if 96
 SO C IE T IE S . 2 27

I a mgl a d th a t w r i te rs h a v e ta k e n thi s c o u rse f or in w r i ti ng ,

a b o u t t he w e a l th o f a cl ass o f m e n such a s d e nt i st s I fi nd t h a t , ,

if I Sh o uld b e c o mp e ll e d to c o nfi ne my se lf to the pu re ly m ate ri a l

v ie w a a nd re f e r o n ly to d o ll a rs h o u se s sto ck s i nc o m e s and , , , ,

o th e r such w o r ldly p o sse ssi o ns my e ssa y w o uld b e c o mpl e t e i n a

,

v e ry f e w w o rd s I n f a c t the subj e c t w o ul d h a rdly b e w o r th

.
,

w r i ti ng a b o u t if o nly thi s na rro w vi e w p re se nte d i tse lf T he .

d e nti st i s a m an of c a pi ta l b u t hi s c a pi ta l i s o f a pe cul iar k ind .

I t d o e s no t c o nsi st o f m o ne y i n t he f o r m o f g o ld or silv e r or ,

ne g o ti a bl e bill s nor o f d e e d s t o p r o p e rty i n l a nd or h o u se s which

,

a re t ra nsf e r a bl e H is c a pi ta l h o w e v e r ha s a m o ne y v a lu e o nly
.
, ,

i n t he se nse t ha t a p ar t o f i t a t l e a st ha s c o st m o ne y
,
H i s ca p ,
.

i tal in p a rt can b e c o mpute d in m o ne y wh e n w e c o nsid e r t he

, , ,

a c tu a l c o st i n m o ne y O f t he i nstr uc t i o n he ha s p a id f or t he c o st —

o f hi s livi ng f o r t he p e r i o d s o f t im e i nclud e d i n hi s y e ars o f

pupil ag e and i n hi s y e a rs o f w a i ti ng f or p ra ct ic e ; a l so the c o st ,

o f o ffi c e re nt fu r ni tu re hi s i nst r um e nts impl e m e nt s a nd a ppl i

, , ,

a nce s . I n t he se ttli ng O f hi s e sta t e h o w e v e r much o f hi s , ,

c a pi ta l c o uld no t b e se t d ow n a s a sse ts H o w o f te n thi s i s .

b r ough t to no t ic e af te r the d e ath o f o ne of o u r b ro th e r s H is .

a sse t s a m o u nt t o a f e w hu nd re d o r a t b e st a f e w th o u sa nd s o f , ,

d o ll a r s whil e hi s w or ki ng c a pi ta l b e fore d e a t h c o uld b e e a sily

,

a nd f a i rly e stim a t e d a s a no n t r a nsf e ra bl e c a pi t a l o f m a ny t h o u

-

sa nd s o f d o ll a rs T he r e pu t e d skill the m o ra l i nt e g ri ty the

.
, ,

‘
bu si ne ss c a p a ci ty the p e rsi ste nt e ffo rts the p er so na l p ra c t ic e ’
, ,

o f t he m a n i n hi s p r im e a r e p ra c ti c a lly w o rt h i n so m e c a se s , ,

hu nd re d s of t h o u sa nd s o f d o ll a rs pl a c e d a t i nte re st a t six pe r
c e nt a nnum T h m n w n i ng $ 1 00 0 00 i n m n y f ro
.
p e r e a o . o e ,

qu e ntly w o rk s h ar d to m a k e t hi s m o ne y e a rn f or him a n i nc o m e
o f S ix p e r c e nt or .
,
T he d e nt i st e a rni ng f ro m
p ra c tic e i s th e n in one se nse w o rth
, , to his f a mily
, .

Tw e lv e t h o u sa nd a y e a r e qu a l s a t S ix p e r c e nt A no th e r .

’
p o i nt i n re ga rd to a d e nti st s c a pi ta l ( sh a ll w e say fl o a t i ng c a p
i ta l ? ) i s th a t it i s a t its m a ximum f o r a qu ar te r of a c e ntu ry a t ,

b e st o r say f ro m thi rty to six ty y e a rs o f a ge Fe w m e n b e fo re

, .

t hi rty y e a rs o f a ge h a v e a n i nc o m e o f mu ch sig nific a nc e a nd by ,

S ix ty y e a rs o f a e the w o r k o f the a v e r a g e d e nt i st as f a r as
g , ,

i nc o m e ga th e re r is o v e r S o th a t the m a te ri a l w e a l th o f the de n
-

,
.
2 28 THE A R CH I V
E S OF DE N T T I S R Y .

t i sts c onsi sts of a n i ncom e of m oney f or l et u s say t hi rty y e ars , , , ,

which i nc o m e du r i ng t hi s p e r i o d i s suffici e nt f o r hi m se lf a nd ,

fa mily e na bli ng th e m t o m a i nta i n a h o m e e sta bli shm e nt a ff ordi ng

, ,

g re at c o mf ort and a d e gre e of wh at w e m ay c a ll qui e t e l e gance .

T he succ e ssful d e nt i st i s g e ne r a lly t he p o sse sso r o f lif e i nsu ranc e

p o lici e s v a l ue d a t fi v e to t hi r ty or f or ty t h o u sa nd d oll a rs which
hi s i nc o m e p er mi t s him t o m a i nta i n and whi ch f o r m t he m o st
"

imp ortant p ar t of the e ff e ct s of the d e a d d e nt i st w ho has b e e n a

succ essful a nd p r ud e nt d e nt i st du r i ng hi s y e ar s o f a c t ivi ty .

Thi s i s al l I can say i n re gard to the m ate ri a l w e a lt h of the

d e nti st .

“
D e nt i sts as a cl a ss p o sse ss m ora li ty i n a high d e g re e T he
,
.

d a ily lif e the su rro u ndi ng s the o ccup at i on i tse lf o f the d e nti st
, ,

se e m t o d e v e l o p h e a l t hfully t hi s qu a l i ty a nd t h e r e fo r e I f e e l , , ,

j u st ifi e d i n a ddi ng thi s a s o ne of t he p o sse ssi o ns of the d e nti st .

“
Th e re are o th e r i te m s i n the p osse ssi on of d e nti sts which a s
virt u e s are f re qu e ntly g ro up e d t og e th e r and which I ca n h e re
g roup i n t he sa m e w ay Th e y are f a i th H op e and Cha r i ty
.
,
'

,
.

F a i th the d e nt i st c e r ta i nly has i n t he se nse t h a t he has f a i t h i n

.
,

hi s e ff o rts i n hi s i nflu enc e i n hi s w o r k in the du ra bi li ty o f his

, , ,

o p e r a t i o ns e t c H op e he mu st h a v e t o e na bl e him to pl o d o n
,
.

a nd o n f ro m day to d a y i n a na rr o w ci rcl e f r o m e arly m o r n t ill

, ,

nigh t a nd t h e n a g a i n f ro m m o rn t ill nigh t a nd st ill a g a i n a nd

, ,

ag a i n a nd a g a i n wi th a smi l i ng fa c e
, ,
a nd a ch e erful b r o w a , ,

shi ni ng e nt hu si a sm as w o nd e rful a s i t i s pl e asa nt t o se e .

Cha r i ty H e giv e s hi s lif e hi s b e st e ff o rts hi s t im e hi s

—
, , ,

w or k to his p at i e nts a nd thi nk s b ut li ttl e a b o u t the re c o mp e nse

, ,
.

H e i s the ch ar i ta bl e m a n i n hi s d a ily lif e a nd w or k p a r excel ,

l ence . M a ny a m a n wh o se t im e i s e a sily w ort h f ro m te n to

t w e nty d o ll ars pe r h o u r f o r ev ery h o ur th at he i s i n a c t ivi ty ,

giv e s hu nd re d s of h o u rs a y e a r to hi s f ri e nd s hi s re l a t i ons a nd ,

o th e r p e o pl e w ho c o uld w e ll a ffo r d t o p ay f or hi s t im e H e doe s .

i t b e c a u se o f hi s i nna te cha r i ty M er cy i s a n a ttri bu t e o f t he

.

d e nti st P o i nt e d at a s he o fte n i s a s he w a lk s the stre e t a s the

.
, , ,
‘
m an w ho hu r ts su rro u nd e d a s he i s d a ily i n hi s o ffic e wi th
S h a r p cu tt i ng impl e m e nts o f t o r tu r e ; skill e d a s he i s i n t he u se
-

o f t h e m w h a t m a n if he w e re no t fill e d t o t he b r i m wi th m er cy
, ,

w o uld not som eti m es g iv e w ay to t e mp er a nd r e v e ng e a nd h a te ,

 SO C IE T IE S . 2 29

d e st ro y t he p a ti e nts w ho so Of te n a nd y e t so u nwi tt i ngly i nsul t

him a nd su sp e c t his h o ne sty a ccu se him o f m e a nne sse s e tc
,
‘

, ,
.
,
’
D o c to r pl e a se d o n t m a k e a ny h ol e s i n my t e e th a r chly ’
e tc .
, ,

c r i e s the y o u ng m arri e d w o m a n I s t hi s p o i so n which yo u h a v e .

p u t i n my t o o t h ? ‘
A ll t h e filli n g s whi ch y o u h
—
a v e p ut i n h a v e

fa ll e n o ut ’ My te e th ne v e r g a v e m e a ny t ro ubl e t ill y o u fill e d

.

t h e m wi t h the e ngi ne
’ Y e t I say the p e o pl e st ill liv e ; a nd i t i s
.
,

p roo f o f the p o sse ssi on of thi s qu ali ty o f m e r cy o n the p a r t o f

t he d e nti st
”
.

D I S C U S S ION .

D R . F A HU TE
. . N R sa id d e nti st s w e re as w e ll re mu ne rat e d as

an
y h e r p ro fe ssi on
ot .

D R J L E S LIE sp ok e of the m e n w ho ha d m a d e v a l a bl e dis

. .

cov e r ie s a nd a r e c o mp e nsa t e d by the c o ns ci o u sne ss o f h a vi ng

giv e n som e thi ng o f v a lu e to the p ro f e ssi o n th i s i s th e i r c a pi t a l —

.

D r W D Mill e r of B e r li n ha d giv e n t o the p r o f e ssi o n so m e

. . .
, ,

t hi ng f or which w o uld ne v e r b e p a id i n m o ne y .

D R A F E M M I N G E R t h o ugh t t h a t the r e sp e c t wi t h which

. . .

so m e p e r so ns a r e h e ld i s t h e i r c a pi ta l as w as t he c a se wi th D r s . .

K e e ly a nd R ehw inkl e .

D R H J M C K E L L O P S sa id no p r o f e ssi o n w a s p a id a s li ttl e a s
. . .

d e nti stry D e nti sts do h ard e r w o rk th a n a ny o th er cl a ss

. .

D R F RA N K SA G E z D e nt i sts a re not g o o d fi na nci e r s ; t h e re i s

.
—

m o re m o ne y i n the p a ti e nt s p o ck et E v ery d e nti st sh o uld h a v e

’
.

a n e sta bli sh e d sy st e m o f c o ll e c ti o n H e ha s much ne rv o u s .

w o rk .

PR OF H A S M I T H . I f d e nti st s p e rsi st i n p ra ctici ng d e n

. .
—

t i stry a s a t ra d e t hey w ill b e p a id a cc o rdi ngly ,

I t sh o uld b e .

p ra c t ic e d a s a p rof e ssi o n .

S E C ON D D AY — T HUR D AY S .

D r . W S t o re r . H o
’
we s pa pe r on
PROFE S S IONAL ET HI CS AN D HO N OR .

T he di scu ssi o n o f thi s subj e c t i s a n i nt ric a t e a nd d e lic a t e qu e s

t i o n a nd m a k e s o ne li a bl e t o p e rso na l c o nflic ts E th ic s sh o uld .

r e c e iv e a f a i r c o ns id e ra ti o n i n a d e nt a l so ci e ty i n t hi s f re e l a nd .

T he c o d e i s o nly a w o rki ng f o rmul a b ut p ro fe ssi o na l p ra c tic e ,

S h o uld c o nf o rm wi t h p ro f e i o na l e thic s ss .
 TH E A R CH I VE S OF DE N T T IS R Y .

T he cr o w ni ng qu al i ty of h ono r i s j u st i c e i n its fi ne st se nse

a nd i t i s t hi s a tt r ibu te o f t he i ndividu a l or the p ro fe ssi o n which ,

i s a llud e d to A profe ssi o na l m an i s to b e m a nife stly righ t j u st

.
,

a nd t r u e th a t du e h o nor will b e p a id hi m by al l a nd e sp e ci a lly ,

by his b r e th re n w ho a re c a p a bl e of t he e ste e m .

I n e a r li e r t im e i t w as cu sto m a ry t o a cc o mp a ny the f e e wi th a
p r e se nt so as t o m a k e t he tra nsa c t i o n diffe re nt f ro m a m er c a nt il e
o ne . T he c a r e ful cul t iv a t i o n o f a nic e se nse o f wh a t i s r igh t ,

j u st a nd tr u e wi th a c orre sp o nd e nt co u rse of life will su re ly

, ,

se cu r e f or the e x e mpl a r y t he e st e e m p a id t o w ort h a s a g re a t

p art o f the re w a r d of a l l h o nor a bl e p ro f e ssi o ns o r v o c at i ons .

E u ro p eans are j u st a s e a ge r t o r e c e iv e th e i r pay f or prof e s

si o na l se r vi c e s a s a re A m e r ic a ns a l t h o ug h t h e y f e e l l o w e re d by
,

t a ki ng wh a t th e y h a v e fully ear ne d b e c a u se it i s a m o ne y t ra ns
a c t i on .

L a b or i s h o nora bl e and ha s no m ora l qu ali ty at a l l and it i s

,

no t d e g r a di ng t o re c e iv e c o mp e nsa t i on .

T he di scu ssi o ns of e th ic s a nd h o no r of b o t h m e dic a l a nd d e nt a l

p r of e ssi ons migh t w e ll b e m o difi e d by m or e m o d ern vi e w s o f
the tr u e re l a t i o ns o f the se v e r a l d e p ar tm e nts o f r e pu t a bl e l a b o r
a nd t he c o r re l a t iv e o rg a niz a t i o ns f o r imp r o v e m e nt i n the m e t h o ds

of p r a c t ic e T he t r u e i nc e nt iv e t o e xc e ll e nc e a nd fa i thful ne ss
“
.

i n a ny u se ful o ccup a t i o n i s no t t o b e f o u nd i n t he f o ster i ng o f a

f e e li ng o f so ci al sup e r i o ri ty a s o f a n a r ch aeo l o gi st o v e r a n
,

ar ti sa n ; a nd a st ro no m er o v e r a nd a rt i st ; a d o c t o r o v e r a de n

t i st o r a n e m b a ssa ry o v e r a n e l e c t rici a n P ro f e ssi o na l c o nduc t ”

,
.

i s c o nso na nt wi t h tr u e e thic s a nd h o nor o nly wh e n c o nta mi na te d

by p r id e o r c o nte mp t i n the tr e atm e nt of tr u stw orthy t o il e rs i n
o t h e r li ne s o f luc r a t iv e l a b o r .

DI SC U S S ION .

PROF . H A SM I TH
. d e nt i st d oe s no t sta nd by hi s c a ll
.
—
T he
i ng as he sh o uld a nd a s a r e sul t he i s o f te n sp o k e n of a s
,
o nly
“

a d e nt i st W e do no t e x a l t o u rse lv e s a s w e sh o uld For hi m

.
”
.

se lf he will a l w a y s do t hi s if a l l w o uld i t w o uld b r i ng b e tte r ,

f e e s a nd high e r re spe st .

D R J R CALLAHAN : D e nt i st s d o no t a s a cl a ss r e sp e c t
. . .
, ,

the m se lv e s a nd much l e ss i s to b e e xp e c t e d o f the publ i c

,
.
 SO C I E T IE S . 23 1

. D R . FRA N K
SAGE T he d e nta l p ro f e ssi o n i s t he y o u ng e st
—

p ro fe ssi o n a nd d enti sts a re no t re g a rd e d e qu a l t o the phy sici a n

,

w ho p ra c t ic e s a n o ld e r p r o f e ssi o n Wh e n he fi rst e nte re d t he .

p ro f e ssi o n he th o ugh t it w a s no t a s high a s m e dici ne b u t to d ay ,

he fi nd s i t diff e re nt T he c o d e o f e thic s i s simply a guid e o r

.

sugg e sti o n by which t o d e v e l o p h igh e r id e a s .

D R C P G RA Y. . D e nt i stry is supp o se d t o b e a tra d e si nc e

.
—
,

much of i t m ay b e a cqui re d wi th o u t a ny c o ll e gi a te p re p a r a t i o n .

D R E G BE TT Y a t t hi s j u nc t ur e re a d a n e di to r i a l f ro m t he
. . .

A me r i ca n J o ur na l of M ed i ca l S c i ence which w a s a c o mm e nt o n ,
’
D r Mill e r s p ra c t ic e i n o v a r i o to my
. .

D R H J M C K E L L O P S sa id i t w a s a pp a r e nt f ro m t hi s t h a t t he
. . .
,

m e dic a l p ro f e ssi o n has a s much to c onte nd wi th i n t h e i r p ra c tic e

a s d e nt i st s h a v e t o d e a l wi th i n p a t e nt s a nd ch a rl a ta ni sm .

P R OF J TAF T sai d th a t d e nti sts v e ry o f te n w e re no t c on

. .
, ,

sci e nti o us i n t h e i r Op e r a ti o ns A l l sh o uld str iv e t o c onse r v e t he

.

te e th I s o pp ose d t o the g e ne ra l a nd e v e n m o d e ra t e e x t a c ti o n
.

o f te e t h H e d e p re c a te d the e x t ra c to r s of t e e th b e c a use t h e y
.
,

o f t e n e x tra c t e d t e e t h th a t migh t h a v e b e e n sa v e d si nc e e x tra c ,

t i o n i s t h e i r bu si ne ss .

D R OTT O A RNOL D
. Th e re i s a differe nc e o f re sp o nsibili ty i n
-

’
t he t w o p rof e ssi o ns D e nti sts mi sta k e s a re di sc o v e re d phy si
.

e i a u s m a k e mi sta k e s which a re ne v e r u ne a r th e d H e ci t e d a .

c a se wh e re e t hic s p re v e nte d the e xp o su re o f a b a d o p e ra ti o n by

a su rg e o n I n p e rf orm i ng l O po r o tom y the d ru nk e n o p e r a to r c ut
.
,

t he b l a dd e r i t w a s hu sh e d by th o se w ho sa w it
—
.

D R Ff SAGE sa id the m e dic a l p ro f e ssi o n i s the o ld e r a nd the

.
,

m e mb e rs are tra i ne d in th e i r o w n d e f e nse P asse d . .

D R L A A N D ER S ON V S o f Ci nci nna ti g a v e a l e c t u re up o n
. . .
,
. .
, ,

V e te r i nary Su rg er y a nd O p e ra t iv e D e nti stry H e sa id the v e t .

e r i na ry d e nti st w a s no t a s p ro g re ssiv e s a s o th e rs Th e i r m e th o d s .

o f p ra c t ic e w e re sh o w n by i nstr um e nts a nd skull s O wi ng to .

t he difficul ty o f o p era ti ng i n the li ne o f the a xi s o f t he t o o th ,

t he m o l a rs a re e x tra c te d by t re ph i ni ng a b o v e the e nd o f the ro o t

a nd d r ivi ng the to o t h d o w n by m e a ns o f a m a ll e t a nd a pi e c e o f

w o o d r e sti ng up o n t he e nd o f the ro o t T he i nstrum e nts u se d .

f o r thi s a nd o th e r pu r p o se s S h o w e d e x hi b i te d c o nsid e ra bl e ,

i ng e nui ty A m o ng o th e r thi ngs p o i nte d o ut w a s tha t a t he

.
,
s .
23 2 TH E A R C HIVE S OF DEN TI S T RY .

e qui ne s to o th i s w orn o ff it r i se s f ro m the a lv e olu s A m ol ar

’
.

whi ch ha s l o st i ts a nta g o ni st lik e t he hum a n t e e th e l o nga te s

, , .

Thi s e l o nga t i on o f te n b e c om e s so m a rk e d th at m ast ic a t i o n i s .

i nte rfe re d wi th and the to ot h has f re qu e ntly to b e cu t o ff e v e n

,

wi th the oth e rs wi t h e xci si ng fo r ce p s

,
.

D r . J a m e J a m es L e sli e Pa p e r —
.

CRYS T ALLINE G OL D v ersu s G OL D F O L I .

Fifty y e ar s a go the c o h e siv e p ow e r of go ld w a s di sc o v e re d .

Wh e n g o ld i s m e l te d i n an i ngo t i t p osse sse s a c ry stalli ne st ru e

t u r e b u t t hi s c ry sta lli ne str uc t u re i s l ost du ri ng it s m a nuf a c t u re
,

i nt o f o il and m a ny o th e r form s T he b r igh t sm oo th su rfa c e o f .

,

g o ld fo il m a k e s i t m o re diffi cul t to h ol d a pi e c e of such g old

i n p o si t i on a g a i nst the to o t h st r u ct u r e wh e r e a s c ry sta lli ne g o ld ,

p o sse sse s j u st the o pp o si te qu a li t i e s I t i s th e sm oo t h n e ss which .

c a use s the ro cki ng i n p e ll e t s of f o il .

C ry sta lli ne g old i s m a d e up o f i nd e p e nd e nt cry sta l s which a re

f re e to m o v e a b o u t u nd e r the plugg e r p o i nt a nd it i s f or t hi s ,

re a so n t h a t t he a d a p ta t i o n o f a cry st a lli ne g o ld i s b e tt e r t h a n o f

a g o ld i n which t he c ry sta lliz a t i o n ha s b e e n o bli t e r a te d .

A PPL I AN C E S .

D r H J M cK e l l o ps e xh ibi te d the o ld est d e nt a l w o r k e x ta nt i n

. . .
,

which ar e c ontai ne d m a ny id e a s which i n l ate y e ars h a ve b e e n

d e v e l o p e d as ne w T he We bb e r Pe rry e ngi ne wi th hi s i m po v e d
.
—

B o nwill m e ch anic a l m a ll e t in which the S h a ft i s h e ld a gai nst the

i mpi ngi ng wh e e l by a sp ri ng so as to giv e a c o nt i nu o u s stro k e,
.

T he D ar by P e rry e xc a v a to r s a nd plugg e r s
—
T he E lli o t S e p a ra .

t or. A ne w for m of cl a mp and sep arator c o mbi ne d by se p a ra te

a nd m o v a bl e te nt o n e i t h e r j a w o f t he i nst rum e nt A ne w for m .

o f c r y sta lli ne g o ld which w a s much t o u gh e r t h a n a ny y e t o n t he

m a rk e t .

D r A S Bitl ings e xhibi t e d a fi ne m o ul di ng sa nd a s w e ll as

. . .
,

the Ch ase m e ta llic c o mbi nat i o n pl a te .

D r L E Cu ste r e xhibi te d a r e v e r si ng a c t i o n p ne um a t ic
. . .

plugg er .

D r L P B e th e ] T o l e d o O hi o sh o w e d the By r ne s e ngi ne
. . .
, , ,

m all e t .
 SO C IE T IE S . 2 33

D M H F l e tch e r Ci nci nnati e xhibi te d his m e th o d o f c ro w n

r . . .
, ,

a nd b ridg e w o r k Fo r a g o ld c ro w n a f te r se cu r i ng a pl aste r
.
,
’
c ast of the to o th a duplic a te o f t hi s is m a d e o f M e l ott s m e ta l
.

,
.

M o u l di ne is sp re a d a ro u nd the t o ot h t he t hick ne ss o f the g o ld

t o b e u se d a nd a b o u t thi s i s c a st the c o unt e r di e
,
A g old b a nd .

o ne h a lf wid e r t h a n t he l e ng th of the c r o w n i s fi tte d a b o u t t he

-

m e ta l te e th a nd t he p roj e c t i ng e dge c ut d o w n to the to p o f the

,

t o o th i n fo u r o r fi v e pl a c e s a nd th e se p o i nt s b e nt o v e r to w a r d s ,

t he c e nte r the c r o w n i s t h e n sw a g e d a nd so ld e r e d a f te r which

, ,

i t i s e l e ct ro pl a te d For b r idge w o rk a g o ld b a nd e nci r cl e s t he

-

.
,

t oo t h wi t h the e nd s t u rne d o u t a t r igh t a ngl e s

,
O ne of t h e se .

p ro j e c ti o ns c o nta i ns a pl at i num pin which i s re c e iv e d th r o ugh a

h o l e i n the a pp ro xi ma t i ng e nd A fte r c o v e r i ng the t ooth Wi th .

c e m e nt th e se e nd s are d ra w n to g e t h e r a nd the pl at i num pin riv

,

e te d by m e a ns o f pli er s Th e se r iv e te d e nd s no w f o r m a lug .

u p o n w hich a narro w sw a g e d pl a t e o f t e e t h m ay re st a nd b e

r e m o v e d a t pl e asu r e a f te r the m a nner o f the P arr a nd Cu r ti s

b r idg e s T he a dvanta g e o f such b and s i s t h a t the sid e s o f t he
.

t o o th ne e d no t b e tr imm e d p ara ll e l .

T he St o dd a r d fu r na c e w a s o p e ra t e d by D rs M ol l y ne a u x a nd .

C a ll a h a n A tr i a l c a se w a s b i scu ite d i n se v e n m inu te s and the

.
,

e na m e l fu se d i n t e n m i nu t e s .

TH E G OVE R NO R
J e rse y has a pp o i nte d the f o ll owi ng
of N ew

g e ntl e m e n a s the B o a rd o f E x a mi ne rs u nd e r the ne w l aw : D r ,

.

F A L evy Ch a i rm an O ra nge ; D r G C attl in B ro w n S e cre

. .
, ,
. .
,

tary E liz a b e th ; D r J a m e s G P a lm e r N e w B ru nswi ck ; D r

,
. .
,
.

A R E a ton E liz a b e th ; D r F M B e e sl ey B e lvid ere

. .
,
. . .
,
.

A v e ry goo d sel e c ti o n a nd o ne th a t will give g e ne ral sa tisf a c ,

ti o n .

D C W L E W I S Chic a g o I lli no i s p a sse d th ro u gh S t L o ui s

R . . .
, , ,
.

l ast m o nth o n his w ay to E l Pa so T e x a s i n se ar ch o f h e a l th

, , ,
.

T he d o c tor w a s S o u t h du ri ng M a r ch b u t re tu r ne d h o m e t o o ,

so o n a nd his phy sici a ns h a v e o rd e re d hi m to T e x as a nd M e xic o

,

f o r a nd u nlimi te d sta y We h o p e D r L e wi s will fi nd h e a l th a nd

. .

st re ng th a nd so m e o f t h a t so lidi ty w e w e re f o r m e rly a ccu s to m e d

to se e him c a rry .
 E d i t o ri a l .

LEGI S LATION IN NE W JER SEY .

T he hi story o f d e nta l l e gi sl at i o n i n N e w J e rse y ha s b e e n so m e

wh at p e culi ar T he fi rst l aw g a v e the B o ar d of E x a m i ne r s
.

a u t h o r i ty t o g ra nt a c e r t ific a te u nd e r which the h o ld e r w as p e r

m itte d t o p r a c t ic e d e nt i stry .

T he ne x t st e p w as a n a t t e mp t t o se cu re a l aw u nd er which a
m aj ority of the B o ar d o f E x a mi ne rs w o uld h a v e a u th ori ty to
c o nfe r a State d e g re e ,
b u t t hi s p r oj e c t f a il e d t o b e c o m e
a l aw .

T he ne x t ste p i n l e gi sl a t i on w a s t he
ct m e nt of a l aw th a t
e na

p re ve nte d any o ne f ro m c o mm e nci ng the p ra ct ic e of d e nt i st ry ,

u nl e ss t h e y w e re gra du ate s of re pu ta bl e d e nta l c oll e g e s O ne or .

t w o g ra du a t e s o f t he D e n t a l D e p art m e nt o f t he U niv ersi ty o f

M aryl and w er e t h o ugh t t o b e d e b arr e d f ro m p r a c tic e wh e n t h a t
i nsti t u ti o n w as pl a c e d i n the c a ta l o gu e o f no t b e i ng re pu t a bl e ,

b e c a u se i t did no t b e l o ng t o the A sso ci at i on of C o l l e ge F a cul ti e s .

T he ne x t ste p i n l e gi sl a tio n has j u st b e e n a cc o mpli sh e d a nd ,

no w the g r a du a te s o f d e nta l c o ll e g e s h a v e t o p ass a n e x a mi na

t i on o f the B o a r d o f E x a mi ne r s b e f or e t h e y ca n h a ng o u t the i r
sh ingl e .

Th e r e i s o ne t hi ng v e ry su re th at a S tat e so p e culi ar i n i ts l e g
i sl atio n S h o uld se e t o i t t h a t the m e mb e rs of the B oar d of
E x a mi ne rs a re me n i n al l re sp e cts c omp ete nt thu s t o r e vi e w
, ,

t he w o rk o f t h o se w ho h a v e b e e n f o r y e a rs h a r d a t w or k qu a li
, ,

tyi ng t h e m se lv e s f or c o mp e te nt t e a ch e r s a nd ex a m i ne r s .

T he I nt e rna ti o na l D e nt a l C o ng r e ss b oom e d by the N e w J e r

,

se y S ta t e S o ci e ty no w t h a t t he W o rld s F a i r i s t o b e h e ld i n
’
,

Chic a g o has b e e n qui e t ly d e l e gate d t o the A m e r ic an D e nta l

,

A sso ci a ti on .

T he J e r se y b oy s w o uld lik e d t o h a v e ha d a fi nge r i n the pi e ,

if the sh o w had b e e n i n N e w Yo r k b u t b e i ng in Chic a go why

,

, ,

o u se e t h e y will t a k e puddi ng
y ,
.

( 234 )
 ED I T ORIAL .
0
1 G
r

I N T ENATIONAL D ENT AL C ONGRE SS .

D el e g a te s f ro m m a ny S ta te s a nd so ci e ti e s m e t i n t he H off m a n
H o u se N e w Yo r k o n the a fte rno o n of A p ril 8th pu rsu ant to a
, , ,

c a ll f ro m t he N e w J e rsey S tate D e nta l S o ci e ty f o r the pu rp o se ,

o f c o nsid e r i ng the a dvi sa bili ty o f h o ldi ng a nd I nt e r na ti o na l D e n

t al C o ng re ss i n 1 892 o r the y e ar t h a t the G re a t Chic a g o F a i r i s

,

h e ld .

D r S C G W a tki ns p r e sid e d
. . . . A f te r a gene ra l a nd fre e .

di scu ssi on o f t he m a tter it w a s fi na lly d e cid e d up o n the m o ti o n , ,

D r W W W a lk er o f N e w Y or k to re f e r the wh o l e m a tte r t o
. . .
, ,

t he A m e ric a n D e nta l A sso ci a ti o n which will m e e t a t E xc e l si o r ,

Sp ri ng s ne x t A ugu st I t b e i ng the Opi ni on of m a ny p r e se nt .

t h at if th ere i s t o b e such a C o ng r e ss h e ld i t w o uld b e o nly r ight ,

a nd p r o p er t h a t the G re a t R e p re se nt a tiv e S o ci e ty of the c o u n

“ ”

try sh o uld b e fi rst a cc or d e d a n o pp or tu ni ty o f i na ugu ra t i ng a nd

m a nagi ng t he m o v e m e nt B F L U C KE Y . . . .

A M ERI C AN M E D I C AL A SS O CIA TION S E CTION ,

OF D E N TAL AN D ORAL S URGERY .

T h f ty fi t nnu l m ti ng f thi A
e or —
ci t i n will b h ld
rs a a ee o s sso a o e e

at N hvill T nn f m M y 20th t 2 3d 1 890 T h S c ti n

as e, e .
,
ro a o ,
. e e o

of O l nd D nt l Su g y h uld b m d
ra a n e f th l g t in
a r er s o e a e o e o e ar es

th A e ci ti n nd w h p th d nt i t will tu n t i n l g
sso a o ,
a e o e e e s s r ou ar e

nu mb D J L Willi m
e rs f B t n i ch i m n f th
. r . . . a s, o os o ,
s a r a o e

se c ti o n a nd will d e liv e r the u su a l a dd re ss o n o p e ni ng t he se c

,

ti o n Pa p e rs will b e r e a d by D rs G F ra nk L ydsto n o f Chic a

. . .
,

o ; A O H u nt O f I o w a ; J o h n S M a r sh a ll Chi c a g o ; J o h n
g . .
,
.
,

L G i sh ; L D M cI nto sh Chic ago ; E E B rigg s ; H e nry O

. . .
,
. . .

M a r cy B o sto n ; Wm S Sh ar m a n ; J T a f t a nd E S T a lb o t
,
. . .
,
. . .

C HANGE OF TI M E AN D P LA C E OF HOL D ING T HE

NE XT M EETING OF T HE A D A . . .

At a re c nt m t i ng f t h S t L ui D nt l S ci ty t h
e ee o e . o s
,
e a o e ,
e

q u e st i o n O f ch a ngi ng t he t im e a nd pl a c e O f h o ldi ng the ne x t a nnu a l

m ee ti ng o f the A m e ric a n D e nta l A sso ci a ti o n w a s i nt ro duc e d .

 TH E A R C HIVE S OF DEN TI S T R Y .

a nd, a f te r
m e di scu ssi on the f o ll o wi ng re so lu t i on w a s p a sse d
so ,

R esol v ed Th a t no ch a ng e sh o uld b e m a d e i n the pl a c e of

,

h o ldi ng the ne x t a nnu a l m e e t i ng of the A D A . . .

T he f e e l i ng se e m e d to p re v a il t h a t if i t w a s th o ugh t a dvi sa bl e
t o ch a ng e the t im e t o a n e a r li e r d a te sa y t o t he se c o nd w e e k i n ,

J uly to a cco m mo da t e the m e mb ers d e si r i ng to atte nd the C on

,

g re ss a t B e rli n i t migh t b e a dvi sa bl e t o do so

, .

AR MU T ILA T ION S I N HE R I T E D
E T he L a ncet i n a r e c e nt i ssu e —
,

di scu sse s thi s qu e sti o n, a nd r e f er s t o so m e r e c e nt studi e s by

P ro fe sso r W e i ssm ann o n the subj e ct T he di st i ngui sh e d P rof e s .

sor c u t o ff t he t a il s o f ni ne hu nd re d a nd o ne W hi te m i e o f su c

c e ssi v e g e ne ra t i o ns
p
b ut i n no c a se w as a whi t e m o u se b orn
,

wi th o u t a ful l S iz e d mm ta il I t has a lw ay s b e e n so m e
-

. .

t hi ng O f a puzzl e t h a t the J e w s sh o uld a f te r t h o u sa nd s o f y e ar s ,

‘
o f ci r cumci si o n st ill b e a r m a l e
,
i nfa nts wi th l ong p re puc e s .

D a rwi n re f e rs to the fa ct a s no te d b y G ord on t h at di ff e r e nt , ,

r a c e s o f m a nh a v e f ro m t im e Imm e m o r i a l k no ck e d ou t t h e i r upp e r

I nci sor s c ut o ff j o i nts o f t h e i r fi ng e rs m a d e h ol e s o f i m m e nse

, ,

siz e t h ro ugh t he l o b e s o f t h e i r e ar s o r t h r o ugh t h e i r nost r il s t a t , ,

t o o d t h e m se lv e s m a d e d e e p g a sh e s i n v a r i o u s p art s o f t h e i r
,

b o di e s a nd y e t t h at th e r e i s no re a son t o supp o se th at th e se
,

m util at i o ns h a v e e v e r b e e n i nh e r i te d I t mu st b e c o nside re d
.
.

th at i n the high e r m a mm al s a t l e a st mu t il a ti o ns are rare ly if

, , ,

e v e r t ra nsmi tte d Mech ca l R ecor d

'

—
, . .

PRO T E C T ION Th ose d e nti sts w ho a re so u nfor tu na te a s to ta k e

.
—

lic e nse s o ut f or cro w ns a nd b r idge w or k and no w do no t w i sh ,

t o re ne w a r e b e i ng t h re a te ne d wi t h sui t f o r al l w o r k d o ne i n t hi s
,

li ne Si nc e thi s sho uld b e a w a rni ng t o al l w ho c o nte mpl at e

.

t a ki ng o ut lic e nse s if y o u a re no t a m e mb e r o f t he P r o t e c tiv e

,

A sso ca iti o n a t o nc e se nd i n y o u r a pplic a t i o n t o D r J N . . .

C ro use 2 23 1 P ra i ri e a v e nu e C hi c a go I ll
, , ,
.

CHANGE OF A D D R E ss I he J ou r na l f u r Z a hnhu l hu nde

.
,

f o r m e rly o f B re sl a u e di te d by D r E ric R ich te r re m o v e d A p r il

,
.
, ,

l st t o B er li n N o r t h Di str ic t C hau ssu str 1 — A

, , ,
. .
 B ri e f ( De le ti o n .

D R . F . S . WIL S ON f m ly ,
or er of V a nd al i a I lli n i o s ha s re m ove d
his o ffic e to 1 1 70 Mill ard av e .
,
Chic a go .

TH E CZAR OF R U S S I A ha s l o st ne a r ly al l of hi s tee th . H e

e mpl o y s a n E u ro p e a n —
A m e r ica n d enti st ”
.

D R . H L . . M CK E L L O PS , f or m any y e ars wi t h hi s f a th e r D r .

H . J . M cK el l ops, i s no w l o c ate d a t 3 5 1 8 O liv e st .

D CA R L S
R . F G AM
. R M, K kuk I o w a ha s d e vi se d
eo , ,
“ C o pp e r

C a na l P o i nts to b e u se wi th chl oro p e r ch a or liquid c e m e nt

-

, .

D M H PA TT ON Sp r i ngfi e ld p a id u s a c all o n hi s re t u r n
R . . .
, , ,

f ro m a t o u r of i nsp e ct i o n o f the P e ni te nt i a ry a t Ch e st e r 1 11 ,
.

D R . E S U LM A N o f S t L o ui s ha s b e e n c a ll e d to m o u rn the
. .
,
.
,

l oss o f hi s wif e T H E A R C HIVE S e x te nd s h e a r tf e l t symp a thy

. .

DE N TI S T S h a vi ng b a ck numb e rs o f t he A R C H I VE S f o r sa l e .

sh o uld se nd nu mb e r a nd d a t e t o D r Wm C o nra d 32 1 No rth . .

,

G rand av e .

T he S ou the rn D enta l J ou rna l i s o ut i n i ts p r i ng suit a nd

s ,

lo ok s qui te f re sh ; a l so i s e nl a rg e d by the a ddi t i o n o f tw e lv e

r e a di ng p a g e s .

D J H BLA N D f o r m a ny y e a rs p a st a p ro mi ne nt d e nti st of
R . . .
,

H a nnib al Mi sso u ri is now at Pu e bl o C o l o ra d o wh e re he will

, , , ,

p ra ctic e hi s p ro f e ssi on .

TH E I O WA S T AT E DEN TAL A O C IA T ION PROGRA M M E

SS has been
re c e iv e d Judgi ng f ro m the . li st of p a p e rs a nd cli ni c s ,
t he m e e t
i ng will b e o ne o f g re a t v a lu e .
2 38 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN T I S T RY .

D R . THEO . F RI
K fo rm e rly wi t h D r C D C o ok B ro okly n
C , . . .
,

N has re m o v e d f ro m P a r i s F ra nc e to Z u r ich Switz e rl a nd

,

. Y .
, , , , ,

wh e re he wil l i n t he fu tu re p ra c t ic e hi s p ro f essi on .

D R . A
J PRO S S ER say s he ha s b e e n e xp e rim e nt i ng f or so m e
. .

t im e wi t h m e c ha nic a l rna l l e t s a nd has r e t u rne d t o the a ssi sta nt ,

a nd h a nd m a ll e t f o r the b e st w o r k i n g o ld fi lli ng
“

D DECOURC EY L IN D S LE Y will i n the fu tu r e h a v e ch arg e o f

R .

t he Sub sc r ip t i o n D e p a rt m e nt A ll m atte rs p ert ai ni ng to thi s .

d e p art m e nt sh o uld b e a dd re sse d to 3 21 N o r th G ra nd av e S t .

,
.

L ou i s .

D R . L A
HLEY F AU G H T ha s m o v e d hi s o ffic e to 1 331 A r ch
. S

st
’
P hil a d e lphi a P a T he d o c tor s offic e h ou rs are f ro m ni ne .
,
.
,

to t h re e O th e r d e nt i sts w o uld do w e ll to m ak e no te and do

.

lik e wi se .

D W M H E A M E S is no w e nj oyi ng the pl e a su re s o f hi s su m
R . . .

m e r h o m e a t O ld O r ch a r d Mi sso u r i
,
D e nti sts vi si t i ng S t ,
. .

L o ui s will pl e ase ta k e notic e and giv e the e di to r of T H E

A R C H I V E S a ca l l .

MI S S OURI DEN TAL COLLEGE PRA C T I T IONER S COUR S E T he ’ —

’
c o ll e g e w ill c o nduc t a p ra ct i t i o ne rs c ou rse b e gi nni ng on Ju ne ,

2 nd a nd cl o si ng o n t he 28th 1 890 Fo r fu r th e r p a rt icul ars se e ,

.
,

the a dv er ti se m ne t .

D R . S S SOU T H W OR T H , S a c re m e nto C a liforni a , has d e vi se d

. .
,

a nd pl a c e d up on m ar k e t
t he
“
T he Fl h A nne a li ng L a mp
as

I ts u se i s to a nne a l a g o ld fi l li ng i n t he m o u th in o rd er to e na bl e
,

a d e nti st t o r e p a i r the sa m e .

D J B N E WB Y w a s so w e ll pl e a se d wi th hi s e xp e ri e nc e
R . . .
,

l a st f a ll whil e a tte ndi ng T he I nt e rnat i o na l D e nta l C ongr e ss

,
” “
,

t h a t he i s no w m a ki ng a rr a ng e m e nts t o a tte nd t he D e nta l S e c

t i o n o f t he T e nth I nt e r na t i o na l M e dic a l C o ng re ss A ugu st ne x t , ,

a t B erli n .
 BRIEF MEN T ION . 23 9

A NO T HE U VE I TY OP EN
R WO M E N
N I T he U niv e r si ty o f
R S To —

B a sl e the o nly o ne i n Swi tz e r l a nd which still re fu se d to a dmi t

,
'

w o m en ha s no w i n re sp o nse t o a n i nflue nti a l l y sig ne d p e ti t i o n

, , ,

t h ro w n o p e n i t s d o o r s t o th e m .

D J W WH I PP LE P re sid e nt o f T H E A RC HIVE S PU B LI S H I NG
R . . .
,

C o has b e e n pl a c e d a t the h e a d o f the A l m u ni A sso ci a ti o n o f the

.
,
.

’
M i sso u ri D e nt a l C o ll e g e T he d o ct o r s p o li t ic a l e xp e r i e nc e
.

m a k e s him a n e fli cie nt p re sidi ng o ffic er .

COLLE G E A NNOUN C E M EN TS h a v e b e e n re c e iv e d f ro m a nu mb e r
o f c o ll e g e s wi t h o u t the a dd r e sse s o f the st ud e nt s ; t h e se h a v e

no t b e e n publi sh e d f o r t h a t re a so n C o ll e g e s sh o uld fu rni sh the .

a dd re sse s o f stud e nts o r t he na m e s will no t b e i nse r t e d

,
.

TH PRA C T I T IONERS COUR S E o f the Chic a go C o ll e ge o f D e n

E
’

t a l Su r g e ry will b e gi n Ju ne 2 d 1 890 a nd c o nt i nu e u nt il Ju ne .
,

2 8th 1 890 ,
Thi s will b e the se c ond y e ar a nd t he c o ll e g e m a rr
.
,

a e m e nt a re w e l l pl e a se d wi t h t he p ro sp e c ts o f a succ e ssful
g
se a so n .

A VA AN C Y T he d e a t h o f D r L a C ro ix o f L e b ano n I ll s
C .
—
.
, ,
.
,

no te d i n a no th e r pl a c e l e a v e s a c o mmu ni ty wi t h o u t a d e nti st
, .

H is m o th e r wi sh e s to di sp o se of t he Offic e H e r a dd re ss ca n b e .

f ou nd i n the a dv e rti si ng d e p ar tm e nt Thi s i s a g oo d Op e ni ng .

f o r so m e o ne .

D R . W . H . y Mi sso uri o ne o f the E x

BU C KLEY ,
of L ib e rt , ,

C o rnm itte e m e n o f the Mi sso u r i S ta te D e nta l A sso ci a t i o n has ,

b e e n vi si ti ng his d e nti st f r i e nd s in S t L o ui s a nd w o rki ng up .

,

t he p ro g ra mm e H e wi sh e s e v e ry d e nti st in t he S ta te to a tte nd
.

t he ne x t m e e t i ng a t P e r tl e Sp r i ng s July 8th to 1 l th ,
.

WE S T E R N DEN T AL ED I T O R S D r J D Pa t te rso n a nd wife —

. . .

sa il e d re c e nt ly f o r a t o u r o f E u ro p e ; h o p e th ey may h a v e a
pl e a sa nt j o u rne y a nd sa f e re tu rn D r H u ng e rfo rd ha s j u st . .

c o v e re d f ro m typh o id f e v e r but t hi nk s he will b e a bl e wi th , ,

the a ssi st a nc e o f D r Th e o S ta nl e y to c o nduc t the j o u rna l du r

. .
,

i ng t he a b se nc e o f his chi e f .
24 0 TH E A R C HIVE S OF DE N TI S TR Y .

M I S S OURI DEN T AL COLLEGE AL U M NI A S S O C I A T ION m e t i n

a nnu a l se ssi o n a t t he C o ll e g e M ar ch 1 4 th 1 890 D r F i sh e r i n , ,
. .
,

the a b se nc e o f the P r e sid e nt w a s c a ll e d t o t he ch a i r T he S e c , .

r e ta r y re a d t he m i nu te s o f t he l a st a nnu a l m e e t i ng a nd o f t he

E x e cut iv e C o mmi tte e w hich m e t re c e ntly and de cid e d f or goo d , ,

re a so ns t o di sp e nse wi t h the u su a l b a nqu e t t hi s y e ar

,
F ift e en .

ne w memb e rs w e r e e l e cte d i ncludi ng m e m b e rs of the gra du a t ,

i ng cl a ss a l so D rs B Q S te v e ns a nd J C G o o d r ich
,
. Offic ers . . . . .

f o r 1 890 w e re e l e ct e d a s f oll o w s : P r e sid e nt D r J W Whippl e ,

. . .

,
V ic e P re sid e nt D r P F H e lmu t h : S e c re tary D r D e C o urcey
-

,
. . .
,
.

L i nd sl ey ; Tre a su rer D r H H K e i th E x e cu tive C o mmi tte e ,

. . .
, ,

D r s J C G oo d r ich A H F ull e r a nd J o h n G H a rp e r
. . .
,
. . . .

DIE D M D L a C roix .
—
. of Le b a non I lli no i s T he
.
, , .

d ea t h w as a sudde n a nd u ne xp e c te d o ne c a u se d by a r upt u re , .

T he d e c e ase d w a s a y o u ng m a n b e l o v ed by a l l w ho k ne w hi m , ,

a nd bid f a i r t o t a k e a high r a nk I n t he p ro f e ssi o n ; he t oo k a n

a c t iv e p a r t i n t he l ast m e e t i ng o f t he S o u t h e rn I lli no i s D e nta l

S o ci e ty which will m i ss hi m v e ry much T he afflicte d fa mily

,
.

h a v e the symp a thi e s of t h o se c onne c te d wi t h T H E A RC HI V E S ,

a l l wh o m k ne w a nd r e sp e ct e d t he no bl e y o u ng m an .

I N ME M O R IA M I t i s o ur p a i nf ul du ty t o re c o rd the d e at h
.
—

of D r H enry H Wi nn of S hanghia Chi na at H ong Kong

. .
, , , ,

F e br u ary 8th 1 890 H e w as ta k e n S ick wi th som e di se a se of

,
.

the thr e a t i n O c to b e r H i s phy sici a n re c o mm e nd e d a ch a ng e

,
.

o f cli m a t e t o H o ng K o ng b u t he g re w w o rse a nd w a s ne v e r
‘

a bl e to r e t u rn H is c a se fi na lly re sul te d in tub e r cul o si s f ro m

.
,

which he di e d .

I n the d e at h o f D r Wi nn a m o st t h o ro ugh Ch r i st i a n ge ntl e .

,

m a n the p r o f e ssi on suffe r s a n i rr e p a i r a bl e l o ss

,
H e ha d d e v o te d .

a sc o r e of y e a r s i n a m o st f a i thf u l d e nta l p r a c t ic e i n the O r i e nt .

H e l e a v e s a wid o w wi th fi v e child r e n t h r e e o f wh o m ar e in t hi s ,

c o u ntry re c e ivi ng th e i r e duc at i on A so n a nd tw o d augh te r s a re

_

ne a rl y g ro w n M rs Wi nn will r e tu rn t o A m er ic a a nd m a k e he r
. .

h o m e i n sou t h e r n C alifor ni a .
 S UC C E S S O R TO

Missouri d enta l Jo urna l , a l so Cons ol i da te d wi th N ew E ngl a nd Jo urna l of D e ntistry .

VOL . V II .
,
N o . J UNE ,
1 890 . N
[ E W SE R I E S .

r i gi na l fi rtie l e s .

N o a r ti cl e
wi l l be p u bl i shed i n thi s d epa r tm ent tha t ha s been r ea d bef or e

any soci e ty o r ha s appea r e d i n a ny p u bl i ca ti o n .

T he e di tor d oes not hol d h i m self r es

ponsi bl e i n , a ny se nse , f or the v i e ws

ex p r esse d by the o u t/
z o rs o f o r ig i na l a r ti cl es .

A ny a r ti cl e i nte nded f or thi s depa r tm e nt sho u l d be r ece i v ed b y the fi rst

of the m o nth p r e v i ou s to i ts p u bl i ca ti o n — E d .

O B T UN D ING S EN S I TI V E D EN T INE W
VI T H

HO T VA P OR S .

BY S . A . M IL T O NLIN T ON
, C ,
MO .

T he fo ll o wi ng simpl e d e sc r ip ti on o f a m e th o d o f Ob tu ndi ng
se nsi t iv e d e nt i ne ne w i n i tse lf b u t no t u nt ri e d i n a cli nic a l
, , ,

se nse no t u nsci e nt ific i n p r i ncipl e o r w a nti ng i n a n a pp a ra tu s ,

f or a cc o mpli shi ng t hi s o b t u nd e d c o ndi ti o n o f the d e nti ne to g e th e r ,

‘

wi th c o ll a te ra l a dv a ntag e s is subm i tte d to th e c o nsid e ra ti o n o f

,

t he re a d e rs o f t he A R C HIVE S Thi s m e th o d o f Ob tu ndi ng is .

( 24 1 )
24 2 TH E AR C HIVE S or DEN T I S TR Y .

b ro ugh t a b o u t by a v e ry c omm o n p r i ncipl e a b sorp ti o n b ut — —

u nu su a l i n the se nse of i ts b e i ng c o mpul so ry o r m e ch anic a l

, ,
.

T he m e t h o d i s : t he i nt ro duc t i o n i nto t he c a vi ty v a p or s o f
.

a ny o f the v o l at il e o il s such a s o il o f cl o v e s p e pp e r mi nt e uc a
, , ,

l yptol thv m ol c a j e pu t e t c
, ,
o r v a p o r iz e d chl o rof or m
,
.
, e th e r ,

or ot h er a ge nts h a vi ng o b t u ndi ng or a nze sthe tiz ing qu aliti e s

,
-

I n or d e r t h a t the v a p or s o f the v ar i o u s a g e nts u se d a s o b tu nd

e nt s m ay b e succ e ssfully i ntr o duc e d a n a pp a ra t u s ha s b e e n
,

d esig ne d a nd ha s b e e n i n p ra c tic a l u se f or tw o y e ar s p a st
,
It .

i s d e v e l op e d t o a p o i nt W h e re o bj e c t i ons a s t o p ro p er t e mp e ra
t u r e non c ond e nsa t i o n o f t he v a p or s up o n the t oo th r e a di ne ss
,
-

,
 O R GINAL A RT I
I C LE S . 24 3

f o r u se , p e rfe c t sa f e ty f ro m a ccid e nt w i th the i nstrum e nt S iz e , ,

a pp ea ranc e e tc ,
h a v e b e e n v ery fully o v e r c o m e
.
,
.

T he a pp ar a tu s p ro p e r ( S ee cu t) c o nsi st s o f a n o u te r a nd a n
i nne r ch a mb e r T he o u te r o ne ha s a n o p e ni ng i n the t op f or
.
.

t he i ntro duc t i o n o f w a t er a nd i s p ro vid e d wi t h a sc re w ca p ; ,

-

t he i nne r o r m e dic a t i ng o ne se t s i nsid e i ts fl o o r r e a chi ng ne a r ly

, , ,

to the b o tto m a nd i ts t o p a li ttl e a b o v e the t o p o f t he o u te r

,

ch a mb e r ; t hi s l atte r o ne is p ro vid e d wi th t wo sc re w c a p s o ne -

c o v e r i ng t he e nt i re top a nd the o th e r i n the c e nter of thi s the

,
—

o bj e c t b e i ng f or t he i nt r o duc t i o n o f m e dic a m e nt s t h r o ugh t he

sm a ll o p e ni ng a nd the re m o vi ng o f t he re sidu e by t a ki ng o ff
, ,

the l a rg er c a p A cu rre nt o f air o r ni tro u s o xid e ga s i s c a u se d

.
, ,

to p ass i n th r o ugh t hi s m e dic a t i ng ch a mb e r by m e a ns o f a f o o t

b ell o w s c o mp re sse d a i r o r ga s cyli nd e r c o nne c te d by r ubb e r
, ,

t ubi ng s .

Thi s a ir or ga s i s h e a te d by m e a ns of a c o il of m e ta l t ubi ng
, ,

i nsid e the w ate r ch a mb e r T he a ir o r as b e c o m e s i mp re g .

,
g
,

na t e d wi th the v a p ors a nd p a sse s o u t t h ro ugh a r ubb e r t ubi ng

,

t o the h a nd pi e c e t h a t i s so c o nstr uc t e d a s t o h o ld the v a p o rs

-

at the d e si r e d t e mp e ra t u r e f o r a l o ng t im e T he b ul b ul a r po r .

t i o n o f the h a nd pi e c e r e sts i n a d e p re ssi o n i n t he t o p o f the

-

w a te r ch a mb e r wh e n no t i n u se which k e e p s it w a r m Thi s
, ,
.

d e p re ssi on i s p e rf ora te d a nd a c t s a s a sa f e ty v a lv e At t he S id e
,
.

i s a sm a ll ch a mb e r f o r the u se of e th e r chl oro f or m o r o th e r , ,

a g e nts m ore v o l a t il e t h a n t he o il s o r t h a t v a p or iz e a t a l o w e r ,

te mp e r a t u r e a nd i s c o nne c t e d wi t h t he m a i n v a p o r izi ng ch a m
,

b e r by a m e t a l t ubi ng suppli e d wi t h a cut o ff T he h e a t i ng -

.

sta nd i s suppli e d wi th a n a lc o h o l l a mp t h o u g h a asb u rne r ca n

g ,

a s e a sily b e u se d .

T he c ut o ff i n the m e ta l t ubi ng wh e re the w a r m a i r p a sse s

-

i nt o a nd the o ne i n the t ubi ng w h e re the v a p o rs p a ss o u t o f the

, ,

m e dic a ti ng ch a mb e r a re so a r ra ng e d th a t by cl o si ng the m a nd
, , ,

o p e ni ng o ne i n a t ubi ng c o nne c t i ng t h e se t w o t ubi ng s it is ,

ch a nge d i nto a ho t a ir a pp a ra tu s -

I t i s cl a im e d f o r thi s a pp a ra t u s t h a t a l l b uc a l a nd l a bi a l c a vi ,

t i e s i t m a tte rs no t ho w se nsi t iv e c a n b e g o tte n c o nt ro l o f i n

, ,

f ro m thi rty t o fif ty se c o nd s a nd c utting c a n b e d o ne w i th o u t a ,

'

p articl e o f p a i n I n the o th e r c a vi ti e s no f a ilu re will o ccu r

.
,
24 4 TH E AR C H I VE S or DE N T T IS R Y .

f ro m m e th o d o r p r i ncipl e b e i ng i nc orre c t b ut f ro m a f a il
the ,

u re o f b e i ng a s succ e ssfully i nt ro duc e d a s i n t he c a vi t i e s r e f erre d

to a b o ve .

S o m e c o ll a te ra l u se s I n a chi ng te e th fro m e xc e ssiv e i nflam ,

m a t i o n o f pulp o r i n a ny o f t he stag e s the w ar m va p or of

, ,

chl o rofo r m giv e s i nsta nt re li e f War m v a p or s o f e th er can b e .

i ntro duc e d wi th o u t p a i n wh e re c o ld sp ray w ould b e exc e e di ngly

,

p a i nful .

V a p o r s o f chl oro fo r m o n t he gum s a fte r e x tra ct i ng a b sc e ss ,

i ng t e e t h giv e imm e di a t e r e li e f
,
.

t i s a l so v a lu a bl e f o r the i ntro duc t io n o f a nt i se p t ic v a p o r s

i n ro o t c a na l s the v a p o rs wil l p e ne tra te i nt o t he t ubuli .

TH E FI T C R S O N T O UR I S T —
D R . W .
‘
H . D WI N E L L E , Cosmos
I h ave my h a nd a b o o k i n which a c e r ta i n d o c tri ne w a s
in
p u t o n re c or d b e tw e e n t hi r ty a nd t hi rty fi v e y e a r s a go wi t h
-

, ,

illu stra t i ons a nd if I a m to b e li e v e the c ont e nts a nd the ge niu s

o f the p a p e r I re f e r t o I w a s t he fi r st co ntou r i st e v er b o rn
,
.

I n t hi s b o o k t he A m e r i ca n Jo u rna l of D enta l S ci ence o f 1 885

, , ,

I a dv o ca te d the use of a pl astic gold o rigi na te d a nd de v el op e d ,

by D r W at ts and my se lf by a nd wi th whi ch I w as e na bl e d to
.
,

c onstruc t co nt o u r filli ng s f or t he fi rst t im e i n the hi sto ry of o ur

p ro f e ssi o n ”
.

CON T OU R FI L PE R RY Cosmos
L I N G s— D R . S I co m
. G .
,

m e nc e d i n the e ar ly y e a r s o f my p ra c t ic e t o m a k e c o nt o u r hl l
’
i ng s u nd e r D r V ar ney s i nflu e nc e a s w e ll a s u nd e r th at o f D r
, , .

At ki nso n and D r D wi nel l e For re asons which h av e be en e l se

. .

wh e re giv e n a f te r the public ati on of D r A r thu r s b oo k I p ra e

,
’ .
,

t ic e d the p e r m a ne nt se p a ra t i o n o f the t e e t h gr o wi ng b o ld er a nd
.

b o ld e r a s I w e nt on and h a vi ng l e ss r e gard f or the sh a p e s o f

,

the te e th b ut I soo n b e g a n to se e the b a d r e sul ts o f the w o rk ,

a nd I b e c a m e c bnv i nc e d th a t t h e r e w as no t hi ng f o r m e t o d o b ut

t o re tu rn to c o nt o u r o p e ra t i o ns W hich I did qui t e a nu m b e r o f ,

y e a rs ago and I a ssu re y ou th at I a m fi rm er i n the f a i th t h a n

e v e r b e f or e
”
.
 C EN TR AL D ENTAL S O C IE T Y OF NE W J E R S EY .

"
TH E PR E SI D E N T :b e li e v e w e are to h a v e a ta lk f ro m our
-
I
g o o d f ri e nd D r A tki nson thi s e v e ni ng D r A tki nso n w e sh a ll
,
.
,
. .
,

b e gl a d to h e ar f ro m y o u no w .

DE N T I S T R Y OF T HE PR E S EN T T I M E .

BY w . H A T KIN S ON
.
,
M D
. .
,
D . D . S .

D e nt i stry of the p re se nt t im e i s a p ro fe ssi on of re sp e cta bility

a nd p r o fici e ncy su ffi ci e nt t o attra c t t o i ts study a d e g re e o f p e r

so na li ty f ro m which m ay r e a so na bly b e e xp e c t e d a fu r t h e r a d

v anc e m e nt o f e ffi ci e ncy and dig ni ty th a t w ill i nc re ase the h onor

a tt e ndi ng re c o g ni t i on a s a d e nt i st a nd p ro mi se s a r e c e p t i o n o f
,

the a dvic e a nd e ffort o f the d e nt i st t h a t i s no t y e t g e ne ra lly a o

co r d e d.

A v ery re c e nt e xp e ri e nc e p o i nts to a l a ck of p opul ar re sp e c t f or

the d e nti st a s a p rof essi ona l m a n a nd c a ll s o ut the qu e ry
,
Do
a ny a pp re ci a bl e numb e r o f d e nt i st s m a k e a ch ar g e f or c o nsul ta

ti on? I n the i nst anc e re f e rre d to a l a dy l et u s say pl a i nly , , ,

st a te d th a t she c o uld go t o a ny d e nti st h a v e a n e x a mi na ti o n o f

,

her m o uth m a d e the ne c e ssary o p e ra ti o ns t h e r e i n i ndic a t e d a nd

, ,

the f e e s th e re f o r e stim a t e d a nd a c o nsul ta ti o n f ee b e ne i th e r

,

a sk e d nor e xp e c t e d ! I s thi s tr u e a s a g e ne ra l r ul e a nd o f a ,

p f
i o es si o n 9
. Thi s c a se w a s e sp e ci a lly a gg ra v a te d b e i ng r e c o m
m ende d i ndi re c tly f ro m a d e nti st f o r co nS ide I a t i o n of a su rgic a l
asp e c t supp o se d t o b e ne c rosi s o f the m a xill a .

I s i t ne c e ssary to say i nqui r i e s w e re m a d e a s to the i ntro d u c

,

ti on o f the c ase a nd c o nsult a t i o n f e e na m e d wh en af te I the sta te

m e nt j u st I e ci te d the c a se Wa s d e cli ne d a l th o ugh thi s r e sul t c o st
,

a h a lf h o u r o f 0 m t im e .

No twith standi ng thi s the v a lu e of c onsul tati o n is b e i ng b e tte r

,

r e a liz e d by the p ro f e ssi o n .

24 6 TH E A R C HIVE S or DEN T I S T R Y .

Th e re m s t o h a v e be e n a h e si ta ncy to se e k c o u nse l i n t he
se e

p a st b u t a s i ts b e ne fi ts a nd sc o p e ar e u nd e rsto o d m o re and m ore

, ,

a re a v a ili ng t h e m se lv e s o f i ts o pp o r tu ni t i e s .

T o t h o se w ho h a v e str uggl e d l o ng a nd e ar ne stly in o u r fi e ld ,

it i s g ra tifyi ng t o l o o k a r o u nd o n t he a chi e v e m e nt s of p r e se nt
d ay d e nt i stry .

Wh at do w e se e a cc o mpli sh e d ’ .

O pei a ti e d e nt i str y ha s r e a ch e d a n a l ti t ud e of skil l th a t i t i s

v

haz a I d o u s t o asse I t w ill b e m u ch e xc e ll e d I n O I i ginal ity .

’
Wh a t o pp or tu ni t i e s d o e s i t u nf old t o the d e nt i st s S k ill ?
-

To ot h r e p a i r to a n a lm o st u nli mi te d e x t e nt f ro m a m ere f ra g ,

m e nt o f a ro ot to t he r e m o v a l of sup e r fici a l d e c ay .

Perh a p s the high e st a chi e v e m e nts i n thi S c onne ct i o n a re c ro w n '

i ng w i thin col l a r s a nd i nl ay s o f p or c e l a i n or m e t a l se t in c e m e nt s
a nd b a l sa m s .

B ridgi ng ha s b rough t t o u s a li ne of re stora t i on o f imm e nse

v al ue A dd to t h e se t he b e a u tiful p or c e l a i nc o nstr uct i o ns wi thi n
.

o u r r e a ch a nd wh at m or e ca n b e a sk e d o f o p e ra t iv e d e nt i st ry 2
, .

Wh a t ca n the d e nta l su r g e on do f o r hi s p a t i e nt in such l e si o ns

a s p r o p e r ly a r e cl asse d as su r gic a l ? H e m ay cur e py orrh oea
a lv e o l ar i s a nd t h a t wi th o u t se r i o u s l o ss of t i ssu e if such l o ss b e
, ,

no t su sta i ne d p r i or t o t r e a t m e nt .

E v e n h e re he m ay i nduc e ne w gr o w th i n m a ny i nst a nc e s a nd .

i nvi te system i c r e p a i r th ro ugh j ud ici o u s sp onge and oth e r g raft

i ng wi th o r wi th o u t p r o vidi ng a r t ifici a l p o ck e t s
, .

H e m ay i mpl a nt t e e th succ e ssfully a nd b e assu re d o f a u se ful

r e sul t c o mp ar i ng fa v ora bly wi t h l a rg e g o ld r e st or a t i o ns
,

H e m ay r e gul a te m a lpl a c e d t ee th r a pidly a nd wi th li ttl e p a i n

o r di sc o mf or t a nd b r i ng t o u se ful ne ss a nd b e a u ty a n u nwh o l e
,

S o m e a nd u nsigh tly c o ndi t i o n .

H e m ay re m o v e a nd a b or t trea t and c ure c ar i e s and ne c r o si s

,

o f the b o ne s o f the m o ut h a nd f a c e e x o st ose s t um or s a b sc e sse s ,

, , ,

a b e I ra nt ne eS mu scl e s a nd b o ny str uc t u re s
H e m ay I e sto re d e fici e nt f e a tu I e S re sul ti ng f rom i n
,
.

he i ita nc e
a nd th o se d e sti o e d by di se ase
y .

H as no t d e nta l sn e r e a ch e d a r e sp e c ta bl e p o si t i o n a s a n

i nd e p e nd e nt pi of e ssi on ?
A b e tter appre ci at i o n of m e dical k no wl ed g e i s de m ande d of
the d e nt i st s o f t o day -

.
 SO C IE T IE S . 24 7

I n c o nne c ti o n wi th t he d rug s w e h a v e much to l e a rn

u se o f ,

a nd i t se e m s p ro p e r to no t ic e a f e w re m e di e s to o o f te n u se d e m

p i ri c al l
y
, wi t h t h e h o p e th a t a t te nti o n m a y b e di re c te d to t h e i r

a c t i o n ra th e r t h a n a n e mpi ri c f o ll o wi ng o f th e m b e c a u se so a nd

so say s t h e y a re g oo d f o r such a nd suc h c a se s .

S a licylic a cid i n a lc o h o l i s a r e m e dy of such v a lu e a s t o

d e m a nd i n the lig h t o f l a te p ra c t ic e a cl o se r i nv e stiga t i on
, ,

t h a n ha s e v e r b e e n a cc or d e d t o i t as a r e m e dy a lm o st u n iv er
sa lly a pplic a bl e i n c a se s o f l o w tone o f t he ora l t i ssu e s a nd .

in e v e r y f o r m o f d e te r i o ra t i on o f t he m uc o u s su rf a c e s i n
v o lvi ng a v ari e ty o f a b e rra ti ons f ro m a h e a l thy sta nda rd such ,

a s w e se e i n e puli s i n a l l i ts f o r m s a nd i n t h a t f a l se ly na m e d ,

b o ny e puli s ( wh ich i s no t e puli s at al l a s e puli s m e a ns a g ro w th ,

up o n the gum f ro m ep i u p o n a nd u l on the gum ) I t i s an, , ,

.

e x a mpl e o f e x o st o si s o r i nc rea se d d e p o siti o n o f b o ny st r uc t u re

,

i m me dia t e l y u nd e r the c o nne c t iv e t i ssu e l ay e r th a t has f or

‘

m e rly b e e n n o mi na te d p e r i o ste um Thi s i s a p o te nt r e m e dy .

,

a nd e x a c t ly a d a p t e d t o t he t r e a t m e nt o f the gum s which a re

(
m a d e u p of t h a t p e culi a r e mb ry o na l st ruc t u re t h a t r e m a i ns
'

e m b ry o na l o r muc o id du r i ng the lif e t im e o f the p a t i e nt ; i t

, , )
i s o ne of the p o lych r e sts o r m uch u se d r e m e di e s a nd i s b e st
,
-

a d a p t e d to the w hol e na t u r e o f di se a se o f the gum s

‘

i n a l l it s ,

f o rm s of p re se ntm e nt .

I S ho ul d b e m ost h a ppy wh en a n o pp o rtu ni ty o ccu rs to

'

, ,

d e m o nstra te thi s i n my offic e o r i n the offic e s O f b r e th re n o r a t

, ,

public m e e ti ngs th a t th e re m a y b e gro w t h in th i s di re c ti o n I t

,
“

i s full o f p ro mi se t o a l l w ho h a v e c o mp r e h e nd e d i ts c a p ab ili ti e s
a nd a v a il e d t h e m se lv e s o f i t s a dv a nt a g e s i n re m o vi ng di s e a se d

g ro w th s p e r mi tt i ng such r e p ro duc e d st ruc t u re a s S h al l b e e nt i

,

t l e d no t to b e r e g a r d e d as sc a r t i ssu e b u t a re p ro duc ti o n o f the ,

no r m a l str uc tu re o f t he gum .

I w o uld ne x t sp e a k of p e rox id e o f hyd rog e n and in so d o i ng , , ,

’
mu st ne c e ssa r ily ta k e a bi rd s e ye Vi e w of i ts i ntro duc ti o n a nd -

o f i ts p ro g re ss i n the h a nd s o f o ur b e st p ra c ti t i o ne rs u o i ts
‘

p t
p re se nt sta tu s A t fi rst it wa s no t v e ry w e ll a pp re h e nd e d no r
. .
,

c o mp re h e nd e d a nd ne c e ssa rily f a il e d to b e u nd e rsto o d as to

, , ,
,

i ts a dv a nta g e s a nd di sa dv a nta g e s .

T he e arli e r p re p a ra t i o ns c o nta i ne d a n e xc e ss o f a cid which ,

24 8 TH E A
R C H I VE S or DE N T T IS R Y .

a c te d a s a n i rr i tant in so m e c a se s re sul ti ng in sl o ughi ng ; b u t

,

Ch a s M ar ch a nd ha s di sc o v ere d a m e th o d by which w e a re a bl e
.

t o u se a qu a li ty ha r m l ess t o nor m a l ti ssu e s .

A s a cl e arer out o f d e b r i s a nd di sea se d si nu se s a nd the cl e f ts

-

n the t i ssu e s i t i s b e y o nd qu e st i o n a v e ry v a lu a bl e a g e nt a nd
, , , ,

o nly ne e d s t o b e se e n u nd e r p ro p e r m a na g e m e nt t o b e c o m e

v a lu e d by e v e ry d e nt i st w ho a tte mp ts t o t re a t di se a se d g u m s .

Bichl orid e of m e r cu ry I will ne x t re fe r to H g Cl 2 of the ,

.
,

stre ng t h of fro m one t o fi v e hu nd re d up to o ne to o ne

t h o u sa nd of di st ill e d w a te r a s a di si nf e c t a nt p ro phyl a c t ic a nd
, , ,

s t imul a nt o f t i ssu e s i n a l o w i nfla m m a tory a nd sl o ughi ng c o n

,

dit i o n .

A f e w ev eni ngs S i nce w e ha d a p a p e r fro m D r Buckl ey o f

, .
,

N e w Y o r k Ci ty b e f or e t he O d o nto l o gic a l S o ci e ty i n which he

, ,

sp o k e o f t he d a ng e r o f u si ng bichl or id e o f m e r cu ry i n st re ng th s

o f o ne t o t w o t h o u sa nd o r o f o ne t o o ne t h o u sa nd
, a nd S p e a k ,

i ng pf a sol ut i o n of o ne t o fi v e hu nd re d o r l e ss a s b e i ng da n , ,

g e rons he did no t giv e sa t i sfa c tory e x a mpl e s or any thi ng

, , ,

b ey o nd t he b a ld state m e nt th at i t w as d a ngero u s u se d at t h e se ,

st re ng th s I k no w th at b e fore w e we re a s wel l p ost e d a s w e

.
,

a re no w up o n a lk a l o id s a nd t he v ar i o us c o nd e nse d re m e di a l

a g e nt s the m o no phar m i c a g e nt s a s di st i ngui sh e d f ro m t he p o ly

, ,

ph ar mic a g e nts w e re pe rsi ste ntl v h e ld by t e a ch ers a s the gre a t

,

re m e di e s a nd I h a v e c o nfi ne d my se lf f o r y e ars t o r e duci ng a l l
,

m e dic a m e nts t o th e i r S implici ty a s f ar a s p ossibl e ne v er c o m ,

bi ni ng di sti nc t sub sta nc e s wi th o u t c o nsid er i ng wh at t h e i r e fi e ct

'

i n the o rga ni sm w o uld b e i n t he v a r i o u s c o mbi nat i o ns b e y ond ,

t he simpl e dilu t i o ns o f m o no pha r mi c a dmi ni strat i o n M ono .

ph ar m a cy d o e s not m e a n t h a t yo u sh a ll h a ve a si ngl e e l e m e nt
b u t i t m e a ns t h a t y o u S h a ll h a v e si ngl e e l e m e nts a nd c o mp o u nd s
th at will a ct c o nj o i ntly a s si ngl e e l e m e nts i n d e stroyi ng ti ssu e
a nd p re p ar i ng t he w ay f or re st ora t i o n a nd st i m ul a t i ng ne w
,

g ro wt h s and h e a l thy f or m a t i ons of t i ssu e .

Thi s g e nera l t re nd of t h o ugh t i s so re pl e te wi th a dvant a g e s to

a l l w ho a re i n t he p ra c t ic e o f su r gic a l h e a li ng t h a t i t i s w or thy ,

o f a se p ar a t e a nd di st i nc t c o nsid e ra t i o n ; no t m e re ly o f a p ara
’
gra ph or t w o in an e v e ning s c o nv e rsa ti o n b u t i n a v o lumi no u s ,

r e c o r d o f fi v e hu nd re d t o fif te e n hu nd re d p a g e s o f cl o se ly wr i tte n
 SO C IE T I E S . 24 9

st a t e m e nt a nd a ph o ri sm a f te r th oro ugh dig e sti o n a nd wi th i n

, ,

s tr uc t i o n ho w to u se th e m a nd u nd e r wh a t c o ndi ti o ns to m a k e
,

t h e i r a ppl ica tio n .

I n my e arly p ra c tic e a nd e v e n b e f o re I w a s p ra c tici ng a t a l l

, ,

while a s a m e re b oy the c o mm o n p ra c ti c e i nthe c o u ntry w a s to u se

, ,

a s w e t h e n c a ll e d i t c o rro siv e subli m a t e a s much a s t he w a t e r

, ,

w o uld di ssolv e a nd a b o u t t h a t w e ha d a b e a u tiful li ttl e e pi so d e

b e fore t h i s b o dy so m e t im e a go wh e n a v e ry l e arne d ge ntl e m an
,

c a m e t o te ll u s t h a t he ha d f o und th a t bichl o r id e o f m e r cu ry w a s

so lubl e f ro m o ne g ra i n t o a n i nd e fi ni t e numb er t o the o u nc e o f

w a te r ; whil e wh a t w a s j udge d to b e the c orre ct m e a su re m e nt a t

t h a t ti m e w a s t h a t f r o m f o ur to fi v e g ra i ns t o the o u nc e o f w a t e r
,

w a s a ll t h a t w o uld b e di sso lv e d by w a te r wh e n w ar m a nd t hr e e ,

t o th re e a nd o ne h a l f g ra i ns w a s a l l t h a t c o uld b e h e ld i n so lu t i o n
-

i n si mpl e w a te r wh e n i t ha d c o o l e d d o w n .

B ut the sp e ci a l r e f e re nc e t h a t I wi sh t o m a k e i s to the u se o f
bichl or id e of m e r cu ry i n c o mbi nat i o n with sa l a mm oni a c i n the
w a ter a ddi ng a S p o o nful of sa l a mm o ni a c and a sp oonful o f
,

m e rcu ry to the g a ll on o r pi nt of w ate r W e u se d th a t to b at h e .

c hild re n th a t w e r e su ff er i ng f ro m a c a r u s sc a b ie i o r i tch i nse ct ; ,

a nd i n al l the p ra ct ic e a nd e xp e r im e nt s t h a t I w a s c o nv e r sa nt

wi th at t h at t im e I ne v e r k ne w a c ase of m er cu r i aliz a ti o n to
,

o ccu r f ro m t he a dmi ni st r a t i o n of t h a t r e m e dy O u r m a nne r o f .

a dmi ni ste r i ng i t w a s a li t tl e se v e r e A s a l l of y o u w ho h a v e ha d
.

the i t ch k no w v e r y w e ll wh e n y o u ge t v e ry w a r m t he li ttl e
,

f e ll o w s b e gi n to d a nc e i n t h e i r ne sts so a s to i rr i tat e yo u v e ry
much givi ng y o u a n a lm o st i nt o l era bl e i tchi ng W e w o uld
,
.

sta nd t he victim str ipp e d na k e d b e f o re a bl a zi ng w o o d fi re a nd

, , ,

h av e him t urne d a ro u nd u ntil he w a s w e ll w a rm e d a nd th e n t e ll ,

him to sc ra tch al l he w a nt e d to so as to stre tc h al l the li ttl e ,

v e sicl e s a nd b re a k th e m nic e ly ; th e n t h e y w e re w a sh e d wi th
’
thi s so l uti o n a nd o h did n t i t ti ngl e ! Th e y d anc e d th e n wi t h
, ,

t he sm ar t a s much as th e y did b e f o re wi th the i tch B ut t he .

m e dici ne go t th e re a nd the li ttl e w r iggl e r s w e re kill e d a nd the

, ,

child wa s cu re d o f the itch ; a nd ol d p e o pl e to o ; b u t ne v e r a ,

c ase o f m e r cu ri a liz a t i o n a nd ne v e r a c a se o f c o nsti tu ti o na l

di stu rb a nce no t w i th st a ndi ng the sta te m e nt o f a g e ntl e m a n w ho
sta nd s high a nd i s a t h o ro ughly p ost e d m a n j u dgi ng f ro m hi s
, ,
25 0 T H E AR C HI V E S OF DEN TI S TR Y .

p a p e r H e i s to o y ou ng t o u nd e rstand wh at w as d o ne i n the
.

e a r ly t im e s wi t h thi s v e ry a g e nt ; a nd I t hi nk m ayb e he ha d , ,

a li ttl e b i t o f the H ahne m a ni a n p r o clivi ty by which he t o o k a ,

sc a re a t t he id ea o f m e r c u ry b e i ng a p o i so n and ha d no t t r i e d ,

t o d e m o nstr a t e f or him se lf wh a t t he re sul t s o f i t s a dmi ni st ra t i o n

w o uld b e Such w e re the ci r cum sta nce s th at I did not lik e t o
.

sp o il my r e pu t a t i o n f o r m o d e sty by aski ng him t o d e li ne a t e a ny

c ase of wh a t he Supp ose d to b e a t e stim o ny t h a t i t ha d b e e n

i nj udici o u sly u se d o r m e r cur i a liz at i on ha d o ccu r re d
,
.

Ju st h e r e the i nduc e m e nt i s t e mp ti ng to go i nto a m or e pl ay

f ul and y e t a se v e re e x a mi na ti o n o f t he pr e se nt te nd e ncy a m ong
‘

d e nt i sts t o ig no re t h e i r f o r m er u nd e r standi ng s and k no wl e dg e s

re sp e ct i ng t he a dmi ni stra t i o n o f r e m e di e s a nd t h e i r c a p a bili t i es ,

up o n the slight e st p re se nta t i on by so m e o ne wi t h m ore ch e e k

.

t h a n b r a i ns w ho p re se nt s so m e thi ng ne w f or wh i ch he wi sh e s .

the i r e nd o r s e m e nt so t h a t he m ay pl ace i t o n the m a r k e t i n

'

o r d e r t h a t the w orld m ay b e bl e sse d b e y o nd c om p a r e Thi s I .

ha v e se e n i n c o nne c t i o n wi t h o t h er thi ng s t h a n ph a r m a c e u t ic a l
p re p ar a ti ons I h a v e k no w n of g e ntl e m e n w ho ha d b e en i n su c
.

c e ssf u l p ra c ti c e f o r m or e t h a n a qu a r t e r o f a c e nt u ry b e i ng u n -

hi ng e d by o ne of t h e se ch e e ky f e ll o w s w ho p r e se nt e d t h e m wi th
,

so m e t hi ng e nt i r e ly ne w a nd t o ld t h e m i t w o uld d o m a r v e l o u s
,

w o nd e rs T he y w e re e a sily t ipp e d o ff th e i r sto o l s tr i e d i t a nd

.
, ,

t he ne x t m o nt h g a v e a c e r tific a t e o f the e xc e l l e nc e of t he a m a l
a m w hic h t h e y ha d o nly o b se r v e d f o r a m o nt h o r t w o sa y i ng
“

g , ,

i t w a s a p e r m ane nt a m a lg a m a nd wi t h o u t S h r i nka g e a nd wi t h o u t
, ,

di sc ol or a t i o n a nd w a s a gre at succ e ss i n the p re se r va ti o n of

, .
'

t e e th ; a nd t he se g e nt l e m e n wi thi n a y e ar o r t w o ha d t o t a k e
, ,

i t a l l b a ck a nd sa y t h a t O liv e r s a m a lga m w a s no t e x a c tly wh a t

’

i t pu r p o r te d t o b e a nd t h e y ha d b ee n f o oli sh i n givi ng t h e i r S i g
,

na t u re s t o i t .

O ne o th e r t hi ng th at I wi sh to sp e a k of i s hy dro napthol sa tu ,

ra t e d so luti o n i h w a t e r I t i s p re p are d by S e a bu ry
. J ohnso n
I t hi nk it i s o ne of the m o st a dv antage o u s sub sta nc e s w e h a v e
wi t hi n o u r r e a ch b e c a u se i t i s so e xc e ll e nt a s a di si nfe ct a nt and
,

a s a mic r o bicid e a f o ol kill e r o f t he fi rst w a t e r

— -

T he o nly .

o bj e c t i o n t o i t i s t h a t v e r y su s c e p t ibl e p e o pl e will c o mpl a i n o f

,

t as b e i ng to o p e pp e ry Y o u c a n u se i t a d l i b a s a m o u th
. .
 SO C IE T IE S . 25 I

w ash , d e fy mic ro b e s ; a nd th e re i s no d ange r o f i nj u ri ng

a nd

y o u r p a ti e nts e v e n if th e y sw a ll o w i t
, .

I a m full of th ese thi ng s to nigh t Th e se thi ngs I h a v e -

sp o k e n o f I S p e a k of no t f ro m o u tside i nfo rm a ti o n but f ro m

, , ,

p e rso na l o b se r v a ti o n a nd I a m willi ng to stand by e v e ry w o r d

I h a v e sa id a nd p ro v ec i t to y o u in a nd o ut of s e a so n
, ,
. .

O ne o the I a g e nt t h a t I S v e i y g e nte e l a nd a d a p te d t o p e o pl e ,

w ho a r e e x t a fi ne a nd nic e a nd c a nno t b e a r a ny thi ng t ha t

‘

sm e ll s o r t a ste s b a d i s c a mph o phe niqu e

—
Th e re i s a co m -

p a ny t h a t p r e p a re s i t a nd se nd s o ut wi th i t a sy no p si s of wh at
,

i t ca n d o a nd its ch e mic a l c o mp o si t i o n
, .

I w a nt to ta lk a b ou t so m e S a m so n I em e die s a nd wh e n I talk
a b o u t S a m so n I supp o se my a udi e nc e i s I e l ig io u s t o t he c or e
, ,

a nd ca n ne i t h er d o w r o ng nor p er m i t w r o ng t o b e d o ne wi thi n
, ,

the pu r vi e w o f t h e i r o b se rv a t i o n if i t c ost t h e m th e i r liv e s ,

-
’
re gul ar o l d t im e m arty rs f o r t he t r u t h s sa k e Thi s o ne i s a t er .

r ibl e t hi ng wh e n b a dly u se d but a n a ng e l o f ligh t lik e S a t an, , ,

wh e n i t i s w e ll h arne sse d a nd k e p t wi thi n b o u nd s I re f e r to

,

p e rni tra te o f m e r cu ry the m ost te r r ibl e e sch aro t i c e xc e p t

, ,

ch ro mi c a cid k no w n t o m e i n ph ar m a c y
, Wh e re y ou h a v e .

m o rbid g ro w t h s th at you do no t k no w wh a t to do wi th m a k e a ,

d re ssi ng o f H u sb a nd s pl aste r wi th a h ol e in i t l arg e e no ugh to

’
,

e xp o se t he di se a se d t e r r i t or y ; t h e n m a k e a p a ste wi t h S impl e

w a te r and t he dry p o wd e r of m e r cu ry a nd p aste t h a t o v e r t he ,

p oi nt c o v e r i ng a ga i n wi th H u sba nd s pl a ste r o ne l ay e r a nd th e n
,
’
,

a 1m ge r o ne to o o v e r the wh o l e nd t ll y u r p a t i e nt s a f te r
g a e o ,

ki ssi ng t h e m go o d by e to go h o m e a nd say th e i r p r ay e rs a nd
-

, ,
’
try t o sl e e p a l l night B ut th e y c a n t ; f o r h e ll will b e r a i se d
.

i n t h a t t e r ri to ry d e a d su re ,
T he e x o r ci si ng o f t he S pi r i t s o f
.

d a rk ne ss will b e so se v e re a s to m a k e t he p a t i e nts cu rse the

d o c to r if he ha s no t to ld t h e m b e f o re h a nd th a t th e y m ay e xp e c t
,

to t re a d the wi ne p re ss o f the w ra t h o f G o d a l o ne
-

A cc o rdi ng ,
.

to t he st re ng t h o f t he r e m e dy t h e y will h a v e a li t tl e u ne asi ne ss
, ,

o r j u st wh a t I h a v e d e sc r ib e d such i nt e nse s uff e r i ng t h a t l a n

'

—
,

gu a g e f a il s m e to e xp r e ss the h o rro rs o f the d e str uc tiv e ne tiv

i ty o f the bu rne d te r ri to ry ; but i t d o e s ge t r id o f t he d e te r io
ra te d t i ssu e a nd d o e s no t f a il I t i s a ph a r m a c e u t ic a l k nif e
,
. .

A fte r th re e o r fo u r d ay s a cc o rdi ng to the a c tivi ty o f the nu tri

,
2 52 TH E A R C H I V E S OF DE N T T IS R Y .

ti on ti ssu e s i t will S l o ugh o ut a nd l e a v e y o u a cha sm

’

Of the ,

t h a t will e na bl e y o u to e xpl ore t he t e rr i tory a nd k no w wh e th e r ,

t h e r e i s a di se ase st il l r e m a i ni ng or wh e t h e r y o u h a v e g o tte n ,

d o w n t o t he h e a l thy t i ssu e ; a nd th e n yo u m ay d re ss I t as yo u
w o uld a f re sh w o u nd .

D R F AUGH T
. M r P re sid e nt a nd G e ntl e m e n
—
. Whil e I w a s
o n t he t ra i n c o mi ng f ro m Phil a d e lphi a t hi s a ft e r no o n w i t h m
y ,

t h o ugh ts c e nt e r e d up o n t hi s m e e t i ng o f y o u r h ono r e d b o dy I ,

sa id t o m y se lf I am su r e ly a part o f those e nga ge d i n the

- ' ‘ w i '

, , ,

p r a c ti c e o f de nt i stry of the p re se nt t i me ; y e t wh at do I k no w ,

a b ou t i t ? Wh at are its a sp e cts ? T o W h a t vi e w of i t will o ur

l e ar ne d p are nt di re c t o u r at te nti o n Wh at S id e ligh t can I tu rn -

up o n i t i n di scu ssi ng hi s p a p e r ? Thi s will I p re se nt : I will

,

sa y t h a t t he gr e a t nee d to d a y i s f or a high er su r i c a l t r a i ni ng
g .

L i ttl e did I k no w th en th at a lmo st the fir st w o rd s fro m hi s lip s

w o uld e nu nci ate t hi s sa m e th o ught Y e t D r A t ki nson ha s
'
‘

,
. .

p i e se n t e d t hi s t o y o u i n hi s a dmi ra bl e p a,
p er as th e t h e m e ,

w ri tte n by h im i n e v ery li ne l e g a cy Thu s y o u r a tte nti o n

,
—
.

i s c a ll e d t o i t t h e n by the o ld e r r e p re se nta t iv e a nd by o ne o f
, , ,

t he y o u ng e r m e m b e r s O f t he p ro f e ssi o n .

I t i s a t r u t h t h at I f e e l a nd w o uld a c ce nt ua te by a ddi ng my ,

v o ic e t o hi s T he gre a t nee d i n d e nti stry to day i s a m ore p e rf e c t

.
-

p ra c t ic a l su rgic a l tr a i ni ng T ruly t hi s ha s b e e n an i mp o rtant .

,

p a p e r t o u s a l l f o r w e h a v e h e ar d o f a sp e ct s o f sa licylic a cid ,

hy dro na phthol and p e r ni trat e o f m e r cu ry which are no t u su a lly

, ,

t o uch e d u p o n a nd w e h a v e l e ar ne d much P e r h a p s o ne O f the .

a sp e c t s o f d e nt i st r y o f the p re se nt t im e i s the a cc e p t a nce o f the

p o si t i o n t h at de nt i stry i s d e nt i stry a nd m e dici ne i s m e di c i ne

, ,

a nd y e t I a m pl e a se d t o no t e t h a t t h e r e i s a g ro wi ng i nt e llig e nc e ,

o n t he p a r t o f the phy sici a n e xp r e ssi ng i tse lf i n a n a pp re ci a ti o n ,

o f the high k no w l e dge of hi s p r of essi on p o sse sse d by the de n

ti st . Thi s i s par ticul arly m a nif e ste d in a n i nc re ase d willi ngne ss
t o h o ld c o nsul ta t i o n wi t h him a nd to a cc o r d to hi m th a t re sp e ct ,

which i s hi s due .

D R L U C KEY C a n y ou limi t i t in i t s a c t i o n a s to d e p t h ?
‘

—
.

D R AT KIN S O N
.
. Y es T he d e p t h will b e a cc o r di ng t o the
— .

d e p t h of t he d e te r i ora t i on I t g oe s as f ar a s i t i s i nvi te d to go
'

by t he w e a k ne ss o f t he a c ti o n i n the t err itory T he p aste th at .

 SO C I E T IE S . 253

h ave up o n the t e r r i to ry I h a v e i ndic a t e d b e i ng p ro

y ou put ,

t e c te d a t t he m a rgi ns will st r ik e a s d ee p a s the g e ne ra l de pre s

,

si o n o f t he di se a se g o e s Th e re m ay b e a li ttl e t e rri to ry h e re
.

a nd t h e re t h a t will r e qui r e a re p e t i t i o n O f t he p aste b u t v e ry

se ld o m if y o u f oll o w t he i nst r uc ti o ns I h a v e giv e n will i t ne e d
, ,

t o b e re p e a te d .

Th e re i s a wh o l e sv ste m o f su rg ery i n my m i nd lyi ng b a ck

o f t h e se c o nc e p t i o ns r e sul ta nt up o n t he v e ry e ar ne st w o rk o f
,

my e nt i re p ra c t ic e a nd o f my lif e tim e ; b e gi nni ng wi th o u t

, ,

k no w i ng the terr ibl e ch a ra c te r o f the r e m e di e s th a t I w a S d e a l '

i ng wi th a nd no t k no wi ng the d a ng e rs t o p at i e nts t h a t p e o pl e
, ,

no w a r e so f e ar ful o f a nd t h a t I c o nf e ss I S hiv e r a t b u t t h a t
, , , ,

I se ld o m fo u nd to fo ll o w the a dmi ni strat i on .

Th e re i s so m e thi ng v e ry cu r i o u s in re gar d to the e x a c t m e a s

ure m e nt o f t he d e p t h t o which i t str ik e s Wh e r e v e r i t ha s .

st r uck i n d e e p e no ugh t o arre st t he nu t ri e nt a c t i o n t h e re w ill ,

b e a n e xud a ti o n t h a t will i ndu c e so luti o n o f the t i ssu e b e t w e e n

the livi ng a nd the d e a d a nd a sl o ughi ng o ut o f t he d e a d t err i
,

to ry l e a vi ng t he e sch ar t h a t ha s b e e n p ro duc e d by the a pplic a

,

t i o n o f t he r e m e d y .

Th e se a re S a m so ns i n my p ra c tic e i n o ra l su rgery a nd i n ,

g e ne ra l su rg ery t o o wh e n d e m a nd e d B ut th e re i s so m e t hi ng
, ,
. .

e l se t h a t a d e nt i st m u st d o t o b e a d e nt i st o f t o d a y I t doe s .

no t do t o b e a t o o t h c a r p e nte r o r a m e r e sa w b o ne s i n t hi s , ,

g e ne ra ti on H e m u st h a v e so m e c o nc e p ti on of wh a t h e a l thy
.

a nd u nh e a l thy c o ndi t i o ns m e a n a nd wh a t w e a k e ne d c o ndi ti o ns

, ,

o r b e i ng b a dly d e t e r i o ra te d sig nifi e s ; a nd he i s t h e n a bl e t o

,

t e ll wh a t are t he p ro p e r re m e di e s T he mi sf o r tu ne i s t h a t w e .
,

a re no t a rr iv e d a t a p o si t i o n to b e r e c o g niz e d a m o ng st t he ro
p
f e ssio n o f m e dici ne a t l a rg e a s w o r thy o f b e i ng c a ll e d i n c o nsul
ta tio n wi th t h e m wh e n w e h a v e the be t te r sta te o f k no wl e dg e
, ,

which i s m ostly the c a se f o r t he m e dic a l m a n ha s no t the spe

’
c ia l i st s c o mp re h e nsi o n o f t he m o nt h t h a t e v e n a b a dly m a d e -

d e nti st ha s a nd th a t will e na bl e h im to b e m a ste r o f the S i tu a

,
’
ti o n . H e m u st k no w so m e thi ng a b o u t w h a t na tu re s d e p a rtu re
f ro m h e al th i s .

Th e re i s a t rip o d t h a t I a m fo nd O f na m i ng to my pupil s -

T he fi rst t hi ng is th a t the ti ssu es i n o rd e r t o b e p ro duc e d

, , ,
2 54 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN T I S T RY .

no u r i sh e d p r o p e rly u se d mu st b e f e d Th a t which c on
a nd ,
.

t r ibu te s t o the buildi ng o f the t i ssu e s a nd t he m a i nt e na nc e o f ,

t he t i ssu e s will p ro p e r ly b e c a ll e d f o o d ; a nd f o o d i n t he l ast

, ,

a na ly si s a nd ch e mic a lly S p e a ki ng i s p e p tone s p e rf e ct pe p

, , ,
—

t o ne S Wh e n any d e te r i ora ti on o ccu rs e i th e r of the p e p to ne

.
,

o r t he m a chi ne ry t h a t build s t he m o l e cu l e s which supply the

j uic e s t h a t no u r i sh the t i ssu e s or a ny i nte rf e re nc e wi t h nu tr i ,

t i o n w e h a v e t h e n wh a t i s no m i na t e d p o i so n
, .
,
A ll sub stance s .

m a y by a rr a ng e m e nt
,
a nd e v e n gym na sti c s a nd mi nd cu r e -

c o m e u nd er t he c a te gory of m e dici ne ; S O t h a t w e h a v e f o o d ,

p o i son a nd r e m e dy ; a nd a cc or di ng t o the d e m a nd of t he sy s
, ,

t e m a ny s ub st anc e m ay b e e i the r f o o d p o i so n o r r e m e dy
, , ,
.

W e mu st u nd e r st a nd t h e se thi ng s whi ch m igh t b e r e duc e d to ,

a f e w a lph a b e t ic a l st a t e m e nt s a s t he f o u nd a t i o n p r i ncipl e s i n
,

t h e r a py the sa m e a s t he mul t iplic a t i o n t a bl e i s i n a r i t hm e t ic

—
.

A nd t he m ul tiplic a t i o n t a bl e t h a t S h a ll b e l o ng to t h e r a py m e a ns
th a t a ny t hi ng th a t e nt e r s i nt o t he no u r i sh m e nt o f t h e t i ssu e s o f
t he b o dy i s f o o d c o ntri bu t i ng i s a to nic Any thi ng th a t —
.

e nt e r s i nt o t he sy st e m t h a t o nly a cc e l e ra t e s t he nu tri e nt m o v e

m e nts wi th o u t b e c o mi ng p a rt a nd p ar c e l o f the t i ssu e t h ro ugh

,

u se i s a st imul a nt
,
a m e re whip t o a w a k e n t he l o c a l t e rr i t o r y

t o a n a pp r e ci a t i o n a nd a bili ty t o ta k e a g r ip o f the t onic t h at i s

wi thi n t he S ph e re o f i ts i nflu e nc e and t h a t i s to build up or , ,

s u st a i n the t i ssu e i n no r m a l c ondi t i o n

, ,

Wh e n diffi cul t i e s S h a l l h a v e e nte re d the tr i ni ty o f the al im e n

t ary t ra c t the m o u th sto m a ch a nd i nt e st i ne s th e r e a r e tw o
—
,
—

w a y s of g e t ti ng r id o f th e m by m e a ns O f e v a cu at i on e m e tic s ,

a nd c a th a r t ic s Wh e n e m e t ic s a r e giv e n o nl y t o the d e gre e o f

na u se a wi t h o u t e xci t i ng the i nv e rte d p er i sta l t ic m
.

,
o v e m e nt s S O

a s t o r e v e rse the w a v e m o t i o n o f the dig e st o r y tr a ct a nd no t ,

su ffi ci e nt t o m a k e t he p a t i e nt v o m i t w e c a ll t h a t a n a l t e r a t iv e , ,

or a na u se a nt I t wil l p r o duc e sw e at i ng ; a nd t h at sw e a ti ng
.

m e a ns e v a cu a t i on i t m e a ns a t hr o wi ng o ut O f e fle te m atter or
'

a n e xc e ss o f f o o d t h a t w o uld b e g o o d a nd h e a l t h p r o m o t i ng u n

de r o t he r ci r cum st a nc e s .

N o w w e r un t h ro ugh a r a ng e t h a t i s a s r e gul a r a s t he l a w o f
,

t he re l a t i o ns o f numb e r s i n wh o l e o r i n fr a c t i o na l p r e se ntm ent

, ,

a nd i nv o lvi ng t he t re a t m e nt o f e v e r y a b er r a t i on o f t he o r g a n
 SO C I E T IE S . 25 5

i sm wi th w hich p e o pl e su fle r a nd c o m e to the h e a l e rs to b e h e al e d
'

wh e th e r i t b e S impl e he a d a ch e a n a l l o v e r ne ss o f g o ne ne ss o r ,
-

i nfla nnna to ry c a ch e xi a pulpi ti s py o rrh oea a lv e o l ar i s o r a ny

, , ,

o th e r m a nif e sta t i o n o f d e t e r i o r a t e d a c t ivi ty by w hich t he a t te n

t i o n o f i nv e stig a to rs ha s b e e n b ro ugh t t o b e a r up o n the subj e c t ,

a nd t h e r e by giv e n r i se t o t he v er y no mi na t i o ns t h a t I a m u si ng .

Thi s will c arry u s b a ck t o the O l d d o c tr i ne s o f puki ng a nd pu rg

i ng bl e e di ng a nd bli ste r i ng a nd givi ng b ar k s A m e n
, ,
.

D R SANGER
. I w o uld lik e to a sk D r A tk i nso n i n r e g a r d t o
—
.

the u se o f sa licylic a cid ho w t o mix i t a s a m o u t h w a sh o r as a

r e m e dy .

D R AT K I N S ON
. T he w a y t o te a ch i s by qu e sti o n a nd a nsw e r
—
.

S a li ylic a cid ca n b e giv e n i n a n i nfi ni t e v a r i ety o f w ay s i t c a n

c

b e giv e n i n the c ry st a l a nd i n so lu t i o n i n a lc ohol a nd e v e n i n

, ,

w a te r a s a tonic a nd di si nf e c t a nt a s a m ic ro b e kill er a nd a pu r i
, ,
-

fier . My sp e ci a l m e th o d i s to k ee p i n my c a se a sa tu ra te d so lu
t i o n i n a lc o h o l a nd if I h a v e a n i nfl a m e d t i ssu e I d ry i t wi th
,
.
,

bi b ul o u s p ap e r p ro te ct the p orti o n t h a t I do no t w a nt to uch e d

,

wi t h the a cid t h e n to uch t he i nfl a m e d p a rt wi t h the so lu ti o n

,

u nt il i t is c o ok e d al l o v e r I n a b o u t t w e nty f o u r h o u rs a fter thi s

.
-

t re a t m e nt i t will c o m e o ff by e xf o li a t i o n D O not b e r a sh a nd .

r e p e a t i t t o o soo n se e y o u r p a ti e nt o f te n e no ugh t o k no w wh e n

the p ro p e r t im e c o m e s a nd wh e n y o u h a v e succ e e d e d i n a b o r t
,

i ng the g ro w th a s t h e y say i n S p e a ki ng o f t he upp e r a ir pa s

,

sa g e s b e c a r e ful th a t y o u d o no t bu rn i t i n so a s t o m a k e it bl e e d
, .

Y o u will se e li tt l e re d e y e s the p a pill ae c o m e t h ro ugh t he

-
”
, ,

tru e ski n ; do no t b re a k t h at but c oo k i t a littl e b i t ,

E v e ry .

pl a c e t h at S h o w s the h or ny l ay er of the e pith e li um b ro k e n giv e ,

a li ttl e d re ssi ng A s y o u ge t the ti ssu e s h ar d e ne d dilu t e t he

.
,

so lu t i o n a b o u t o ne h al f by a ddi ng a lc o h o l o r u nt i l
y o u ge t i t
-

suffici e ntly w e a k th a t i t will no t e v e n t u rn t he ti ssu e whi t e w h e n

o u a pply it I n v e ry su sc e p ti bl e subj e c t s the t i ssu e will t u r n

y .

whi te u nd er pu re al c o h o l I t i s a n e sch a ro tic if y o u u se i t

.

stro ng e no ugh a nd a t o nic w h e n w e a k e r

,
.

D R S T O C KTO N
. M r P re sid e nt I w o uld lik e v e ry much to
—
.
,

di scu ss t hi s p a p e r to nigh t a nd I k no w th e re a re m a nv o th e rs
,

w ho w o uld lik e to Thi s is o ne o f the m o st i nte re sti ng subj e c ts

.

th a t c o uld b e b ro ugh t up e sp e ci a lly wh e n p re se nte d a s D r, .

25 6 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN T I S TR Y .

At ki n so n p r e se nte d it T he c ondi ti ons a nd the r e m e di e s

ha s .

t h a t he has d e sc r ib e d a re t hi ng s t h a t w e d e a l wi th e v e ry day ,

a nd t he p a p e r will b e e sp e ci a lly i nstr uc t i v e t o the y o u ng m e n ,

wh o m I a m gl a d to se e h e re I w o uld lik e t o h a v e thi s subj e ct .

c ont i nu e d Th e re i s nothi ng to which the y o u ng e r m e n can

.

m ore p r o fita bly di re ct th e i r atte nt i on t h an thi s subj e ct O f the

p re se nt sta tu s o f d e nti stry a nd a s I h a v e sa id b e for e to th e se
y o u ng m e n sta nd o n y o u r f e e t a nd t e ll wh a t
, y ou k no w T a lk .

it out Y o u ca n ne v e r b e gi n y o u ng e r t h a n y o u a re no w and
.
,

t h e r e i s no subj e c t p e r h a p s t h a t y o u c an ta lk b e tter upo n t h a n

, ,

t hi s ; t h e re f o r e whil e I h e si ta te t o d o S O
, y e t i n vi e w of the , ,

l ate ne ss of t he h o u r and the fa ct th at i t i s t im e f or r e ligi ou s p e o

p l e t o r e ti r e I m o v e t h a t w e no w a dj o u r n
,
.

D R O S M UN
. I w o uld a dd as a n a m e ndm e nt t h at w e l ay t hi s
—
,

p a p e r o n t he t a bl e a nd c onti nu e the subj e c t at our ne x t m e e t

,

in g a nd t h a t D r A t ki nso n b e i nvi t e d t o b e p re se nt th e n
, . .

T he m o t i o n as a m e nd e d w as c arr i e d .

T HE SC IEN C E OF C ORRE SP ON D EN C E S .

B Y J A M E S S HE P HER D B O S TO N M A S S , ,
.

I t is f a c t w orthy of c o mm ent th at the w orld has no w

a , ,

r e a ch e d t h a t sta g e i n i t s d e v e l o pm e nt wh e n t he o ld er i t g r o w s

t he b e tte r i t i s a cqu a i nt e d wi th i t s e arly hi sto r y M e n of d e e p .

t h o ugh t a nd f er t il e b ra i n by a sy st e m O f i ng e ni o u s rea so ni ng
, ,

f ounde d o n a b a si s o f pu re sci e nc e h a v e r e v e a l e d to us se cre ts ,

which b e fore g e o l ogy w a s k no wn w ere na tu ra lly c o nsid ere d

, ,

u nsea r ch a bl e A lm o st d a ily t he a rch aeol ogi st t e ll s u s o f so m e

.

ne w r e l i c f o u nd which a f t e r lyi ng hid i n t he e ar t h f or c e nt u r i e s

, , ,

has a t l e ng th c o m e to ligh t to t e ll u s i ts st or y of the p a st a nd, ,

a dd p e r h a p s o ne p a g e m o r e t o t he r e c o rd s o f e ar ly t im e s
, ,
.

I n gl a nci ng o v e r the b oo k t hu s w r i tte n ho w o f te n d o e s the ,

blu sh ri se t o o u r ch e e k s wh e n w e se e t h at so m e t hi ng which w e
ha d c o nsid e re d a s e nt i r e ly ne w i s b ut t he r e viv a l of a l ost a rt ,

which has slu mb e re d f or y e a rs I t m ay b e i nd e e d t h at wh e n .

, ,

* R b e f o re t h e t w e l f t h a nnu al m e e t i ng
e ad O f t he H ar v ard O d o nt ol o g i c a l
S o c i e t y , F e b r u ary 22nd , 1 890 .
 SO C I E T IE S . 25 7

I t m e rg e s f ro m i ts e o cco o n i t is a bu tterfly i nste a d o f a vulg a r

e ,
,

w o rm b ut sti ll i tS co nce ptio n w a s i n a n a ge m uch m o re lik e

, ,
‘

o u rs t h a n m a ny o f t he c e nt u r i e s t h a t h a v e ro ll e d b e tw e e n .

“ ho is t h e re a m o ng u s th a t doe s no t f e e l a p r id e i n t he a ge in
'

which he liv e s the age o f i nv e nti o n wh e n m a n h old s sw ay

— —

o v e r nat u re s w o r ld a nd c a u se s e v e n t he fi e r c e st of he r f or c e s
'

to do hi s biddi ng ?
I t i s i nd e e d a n a ge of w o nd e r a nd w e m a y f e e l j u stifi e d i n
, , ,

c ong ra t ul a ti ng o u rse lv e s t h a t o u r lif e ha s b e e n i n thi s rath er ,

t h a n in so m e e ar li e r t im e B ut do w e d o o ur p r o g e ni tor s j u st ic e
.
,

if w e thi nk th at w e h a v e o u tstripp e d t h e m in al l th e i r a rts a nd ,

a dv a nc e d b e y o nd t h e m in a l l t h e i r sci e nc e s ? Th e y m ay h a v e
b e e n c o nte nte d to liv e i n a m ore m o d e st and humbl e w ay but ,

f ro m th e i r v e ry f re e d o m f ro m c a re w hich no w v e x e s t he m o d e rn
,

m a n m ay t h e y not h a v e b e e n in a c o ndi t i o n to f ost er sci e nc e s

, ,

which the p er h a p s to o p ra c t ic a l m an of to d ay m ay c o nsid e r O f

b u t sm a ll m o m e nt b u t which succ ee di ng g e ne r at i ons m ay
,

e mb ra c e wi t h d e ligh t ? Such i nd e e d se e m s to b e the c a se f or

, , ,

w e a re j u st b e gi nni ng t o ge t a glimp se o f wh a t t o t h e se e ar ly
p e o pl e w as the sci e nc e of sci e nc e s b u t which has b e c o m e so ,

ne a r ly l o st th a t sc ar c e ly m o re t h a n i ts sh a d o wy gh ost ha s
w alk e d the e arth f or ag e s I t is a t l e ng t h a ssumi ng a m ore
.

d e fi nite o u tli ne and i s now k no w n t o u S a s the sci e nc e of cor

,
'

r e sp o nd e nc e s .L e t u s se e if w e O f t he ni ne te e nth c e ntu ry ca n
a w a k e n a n i nt e re st i n a subj e c t t h a t w a s S O full o f m e a ni ng t o

th ose w ho tro d the e a rt h th o u sa nd s o f y ears a go .

I t i s not o ur pu rp ose to c o nc ern o u r se lv e s wi th the v e xi ng

’
p ro bl e m of m an s origi n suffici e nt f or u s i s i t to ta k e the rac e
wh e n i t ha d r e a ch e d its full sta tu e l a cki ng h o w e v e r m a ny o f , , ,

th o se qu a li t i e s which are e mb ra c e d i n o ur w or d civiliz a t i o n “

.
”

Th e se a nci e nt p e opl e c o nte nte d i n th e i r simpl e life a nd igno

, ,

r a nt O f the a nxi e ty t h a t r ui ns t he h a ppi ne ss o f so m a ny o f t h e i r

d e sc e nd a nts f o u nd i n the w o rld a ro u nd th e m a tre a su re ine x

,

hau sti b l e not t h a t t h e y h e ld th ose w o rldly t hi ng s a s p re ci o u s

in th e m se lv e s b u t b e c a u se th e y sa w t h a t t h e y im a g e d f o r th o r
, ,

c o rresp o nd e d to so m e thi ng th at a s in m a n b e c a u se th e y sa w
,
r

’
th a t th e re w a s nothi ng in m a n s t h o ugh t s or a fle c tiO I I S a nd .

’
th e se c o nsti tu te m an s v e ry lif e which did no t h a v e i ts lik e ne ss
,
258 TH E A R C HI VE S OF DEN T I S TR Y .

i n t he w orld o f m a tte r a nd th at lik e ne ss w a s wh a t th e y c a ll e d

,

i t s c orre sp o nd e nt .Th e y c a ll e d m an a mic ro c o sm o r li ttl e

” “
,

wo rld . Wh e ne v e r t h e i r e ye r e st e d o n a w o rldly Obj e c t the y

w ere d e ligh te d no t S O mu ch wi t h the o bj e ct i tse l f a s t h a t to
,

which i t c orre sp ond e d For i nst anc e th e n t h e y l o ok e d up o n a

.
, ,

b ea u tiful l and sc ap e T he m o u nta ins an

. d v a ll e y s m e ant t o t h e m
’
m ore th an e l e va t i o ns a nd d e p re ssi o ns i n t he e a rth s su rf a c e the
'

’
o ne p r e se nt e d t o t h e i r mi nd s e y e a n e l e v a t e d st at e o f th o ugh t ,

a nd the o t h e r a st a t e no t so high .

’
I n the v e g e t a bl e w orld a ro u nd t h e m m a n s mi nd w a s im ag e d , .

T he f a c ts a nd p r i ncipl e s which ar e i mpl a nt e d i n hi s u nd e r st and

i ng g ro w up a nd b e a r fr ui t i n lik e m a nner t o the se e d s th a t are
so w n i n t he g ro u nd T he v ar i e ty h ere se em s e ndl e ss b u t w ho
.

’
wil l se t a b o und to the p o ssibili t i e s of m an s i nte ll e ct ? B ut did
t h e y st o p h ere ? I f the mi ne ra l a nd v e g etable ki ngdom s had
t h e i r c orre sp o nd e nt s su re ly t he a nim a l did
,
Th e i r p a stu re s .
,

f ore st s r iv e rs l ak e s a nd se a s mu st h a v e t e e m e d wi th a nim a l
, ,

li f e t h e n a s t h e y do now a nd furni sh e d b esid e s f oo d a nd rai

, , ,

m e nt f or the b o dy a fi e ld i n which t h e i r f a v or i t e sci e nc e w a s

,

pu rsu e d wi th the g re at e st i nter e st L e t u S se e if w e ca ne nte r .

i nt o so m e o f the d e light s which t h e y e xp er i e nc e d a lth o ugh w e ,

m ay b e a bl e to sc ar c e ly p a ss the t h re sh o ld o f t h e i r t e mpl e of
l e arni ng .

I n the fi rst pl a c e l e t u s c o nsid e r the c o rre sp ond e nce o f som e

,

o f the qu a d r up e d s C an w e se e i n the anim a l w o rld aro u nd u s

.

a ny r e fl e c t i o n o f o u r o w n na t u re ? O ne i s su r e ly bli nd if he ca n
not di sc e rn i n t he a nim a l lif e a b o ut him im a g e s o f his aff e c t i ons ,
.

T he p r i ncip a l ch ara c te r i st ic s o f a n a ni m a l ar e e asil v se e n a s i t ,

ha s no t l e ar ne d t o di sse mbl e a s m a n has S o m e are d o cil e and .

h ar ml e ss wh il e o t h ers a re sa v a ge a nd fi erce T o the fi rst cl a ss

,
.

b e l ong the d o m e st ic a nim a l s I t i s e asy to se e t h at l a mb s and

.

sh e e p a re typ e s o f i nno c e nc e l a mb s of the i nno c enc e th at ,

e xi st s i n c hi ld re n Of t e n c a ll e d the i nno c e nc e o f ig nora nc e

,
a nd

S h e e p o f the i nno ce nc e of m at u r e a ge
,
G oats whil e t h e y h av e
.
,

much of h ar ml essne ss a nd i nnocenc e in th e m are y e t d e si ro u s ,

o f i nv e st ig at i ng e v e ry t hi ng wi t h whi ch t h e y c o m e i n c o nt a c t ,

wh e th er goo d f or f oo d or not Ta k en in th e i r b est m e a ni ng .

,

t h e y m ay re p re sent p eo pl e w ho are f ond of i nv e st ig a t i ng tru th s

 SO C IE T I E S . 25 9

’
f or tru t hs
k e wi th o u t a ny p a rt icul a r d e si re to put i t to u se
sa ,

w h e n h o w e v e r th e i r cu ri o si ty b e c o m e s m e ddl eso m e a nd o fle I I
, ,

siv e t he y m o re ne a r ly r e se mbl e t h ose w ho a pply t h e i r l e a r ni ng

,

t o se lf e x a l ta t i o n
-

Pa t i e nc e p e rse v e ra nc e a nd l o v e o f use a re
.
,

pl a i nly se e n i n o x e n a nd c o w s .

B e sid e s the se a nim al s th at a re u se f ul t o m a n chi e fly f or the ,

f oo d a nd cl o thi ng t h e y p ro vid e hi m th e r e i s a no th e r cl a ss t h a t ,

se rv e h im by t h e i r mu scul a r a c t i o n a nd a r e c a ll e d b e a st s o f ,

bu rd e n Th e se c orre sp ond to v ar i o u s ki nd s of m e nt a l a c t ivi ty

.

i n ma n ; so m e m ay b e sl o w a nd pl o ddi ng o th ers ne r v o u s a nd ,

quick W e o f te n S p e a k o f a m a n r idi ng a high st e ppi ng h orse

.
-

.
,

o r b e i ng a s stupid a s a d o nk e y Thi s ki nd of c o rre sp ond e nc e i s .

b e tter k now n at t hi s day t h a n a ny o th e r a l th o ugh i n a v e ry ,

sup er fici a l w ay ; a nd the e xp re ssi o n g re e dy a s a hog fi erce “ ” “

s , ,

as a t ig er cu nni ng a s a f ox e tc a re o f d a ily sp e e ch
” ”
. .
, , ,

B i r d s diff e r f ro m qu a d rup e d s i n b e i ng a bl e t o su sta i n t h e m ,

se lv e s i n the a i r by m e a ns o f t h e i r wi ng s which t a k e the pl a c e ,

o f f o re —l e g s o r a r m s i n m a m m a li a ; by t h e m th e y a re a bl e t o
, ,

tra v e rse l o ng di sta nc e s w i t h e a se a nd g re at r a pidity Th e i r .

sm e ll i s no t p ar t icul ar ly a cut e nor t h e i r se nse s o f t o uch a nd ,

t a ste r e m ark a bly d e v e l o p e d but t h e i r S igh t i s e xc e e di ngly k e e n

, .

Th e se c re ature s t h at d e light to t a k e l ong fligh ts i n a f re e a t m os

phe re a nd are di st i ngui sh e d by such k e e nne ss o f vi si on mu st ,

cor re sp o nd to t he t h o ugh t s of m e n th a t a r e not c o nt e nt e d to

’ ’
r e st up on e a rthly m a tt e r s b u t mu st so a r a l o f t on e a gl e s wi ng s
, .

Th ey do not thi nk so much of the use th ey can p e rf or m i n t he

w orld b ut e nter i nto a l l its k no wl e dge i nte ll e c tu ally
,
”
.

F i sh es h a ve b e e n l i k ene d to bi rd s of g ro sser atm osph e re “

.

Th e i r fi ns t a k e the pl a c e o f wi ng s and en a bl e th e m t o m o v e ra
p
idly ih a ny di re cti on a nd so m e a re e v e n c a p a bl e of su sta i ni ng
,

th e m se lv e s in the a i r ; t h e i r p ro gre ss i s guid e d l a rg e ly by the

t a il a nd th e i r b o di e s a re p ro te c te d by sc a l e s i nst e a d o f fe a th e rs
, ,
.

C omp are d with b e a st s a nd bi rd s th e i r org ans of se nse a re dull , ,

a nd the bl o o d th a t c o u rse s t h ro ugh th e i r v e i ns i s c o ld Th e y .

a re e xce e di ngly p ro lific b u t t a k e c o mp a ra tiv e ly li ttl e c a re o f

, , ,

th e i r y ou ng fu rth er th an to d e p osit th e i r e gg s i n so m e sui ta bl e

,

pl a c e a nd p e rh a p s g ua rd t h e m so m e wh a t f ro m the e nc ro a ch
, , ,
’
m e nts o f e ne mi e s W a t e r i n w hich t h e y liv e qu e nch e s m a n s
.
, ,
2 60 TH E A R C H I VE S or DE N T T I S R Y .

thi rst a nd pu rifi e s hi s b o dy j u st so tru t h sa ti sfi e s the l ongi ng

o f hi s mi nd ,
a nd cl e a nse s hi s so ul fr o m impu ri t i e s a nd sh o w s ,

wh at i s r igh t and wh at i s w r ong F i sh e s th e n lik e the bi rd s .

, ,

wh ich th e y r e se mbl e c orre sp ond to our th ou gh ts not t h ose

,
—

t h a t are l o ft y a nd b rilli a nt b ut p r act ic a l a nd b ro ugh t d o w n t o

, ,

d a ily d o i ng s Th e i r fi ns ta k e h old of the w ate r j u st a s o ur

.

mi nd s t a k e h old o f t he natu ra l tr uth .

B ut t h e se a r e v e ry g e ne ra l o u tl i ne s T he a nci e nt s h o w e v e r .
, ,

p e netrat e d to the mi nu te st p arti cul ars T he f ar th er th e y w e nt .

the m or e t h e y sa w a nd c orr e sp ondi ng w a s t he i nc re a se o f t h e i r

,

d e light j u st as w e wi th the di sse c ti ng knif e a nd micr osc op e a re

, , ,

c o nstantly a dv anci ng in the sci e nc e s a nd di sc o v e r i ng as it w e re , , ,

ne w w or ld s t o c o nqu e r Wh ate v e r th e i r e y e s saw t h e i r e ars

.
,

h e a rd or a ny o f t h e i r se nses p er c e iv e d w a s b ut the r e fl e ct i on
, ,
’
o f so me m o re i nt er i o r o bj e c t t o which i t c orre sp ond e d .

Alth ough conte nte d at fi rst to l e a d a simpl e life in a cir cl e

, , ,

tha t w e w o uld c o nsid e r v e ry c ontra ct e d m a nki nd at l engt h ,

b e c a m e v er y p rog ressiv e a s w e w ould say a nd d e si re d to

”
, ,

c o m mu nic a te hi s t h o ugh ts to o t h e rs and to l e a v e t o p oster i ty ,

a r e c or d o f hi s p r o w e ss T o do t hi s t h e y cut or scr a tch e d on

.
, ,

st o ne o r so m e o t h e r sui t a bl e sub sta nc e pic t u re s of a nim a l s a nd

, ,

t hi ng s w h ich c o r re sp ond e d t o t he t h o ugh t which t h e y wi sh e d t o

e xp r e ss .Thu s or igi nate d hi ero glyphic s b e i ng at fi rst simply , , ,

pic tu r e w ri t i ng or in o th e r w or d s c orre sp o nd e nt i a l wr iti ng

-

, , ,
-
.

Wh e nw e t hi nk of the a nci e nt nat i ons of the w orld w e natu rally ,

t u rn to E gyp t a s i ts hi st or y c o nt a i ns the d at e o f the e ar li e st

,

hi stor ic a l e p o ch of m an T he e arli e st hi e ro glyphic s w er e li tt l e

.

m o re t h a n a r e c or d of the e xpl o i t s of t h e i r ki ng s sculp tu re d ,

o n t h e i r t o mb s Whe n h o w e v e r w e c o m e to t h at which m ay
.
, ,

b e t r uly ch ara cte r iz e d as li tera tu r e w e fi nd t h a t t h e y i ndul g e d ,

f re e ly i n c orre sp o nd e nc e s B e sid e s the h i eroglyphic s of E gypt

.
,

w e h a v e t h o se o f M e xic o a nd C e ntra l A m e ri c a whi c h w e re pu re ,

pictu re w r i ti ng s A S the ar ts of p e a c e and w ar b e g an m or e and

-
.

m ore t o ab sor b the a tte nt i on of m en the sci e nc e of c o rre sp ond ,

e nc e s d e cli ne d I ta k e the lib erty or i nser ti ng h ere a f ew li ne s

.

f ro m a n a u t h or w e ll v e r se d in the subj e c t
“
Fro m th e ir k no wl e dge of c orre sp ond enc es the anci ents ,

k ne w the signific at i on o f anim al s of e v ery ki nd which i s a l so ,

 SO C IE T IE S . 261

a k no w l e dge o f r e p re se nta t i o ns the v e ry k nowl e dg e O f the —

wi se — which w a s e sp e ci a lly cul tiv a te d i n E gypt F ro m th e i r .

k no wl e dg e o f c orre sp o nd e nc e s th e y k ne w t he signific a t i o n of ,

a nim a l s o f e v ery ki nd a l so o f a l l ki nd s o f t r e e s a nd o f m e nu
, ,

t a i ns h ill s r iv e rs f o u ntai ns ; a nd a l so o f the su n the m o o n

, .
, , , ,

a nd the star s A nd a s al l t h e i r w o rship w a s r e p re se nta t iv e co n

.
,

si st i ng o f m e r e c o rre sp ond e nc e s th e y t h e re f ore w o rship e d on

, ’ , ,

m ou nta i ns a nd hil l s a nd a l so i n gro v e s and i n g ard e ns ; a n

,
d ,

t h e re fo re t h ey c o nse c rate d f o u nta i ns a nd in a d o r a t i o n O f G o d

, , , ,

th e y tu rne d t h e i r f a c e s to the ri si ng sun ; a nd m o re o v e r t t hcy ,

m a d e sculptu re d h orse s o x e n c a lv e s l a mb s bi r d s fi sh e s a l so
, , , , , ,

serp e nts ; a nd a t h o m e a nd e l se wh er e t h e y pl a c e d th e se i n a n
, ,

o r d er f oll o wi ng the S pi r i tu a l t h i ng s o f the chu r ch t o which t h e y ,

c orr e sp o nd e d o r which t h e y r e p r e se nte d

,
Th e y a l so pl a c e d .

t hi ng s lik e t h e se i n t h e i r t e mpl e s to c a ll t o r e m e mb r anc e the ,

h oly thi r gs which th e y sig nifi e d A f te r a t im e wh en the k nowl .

,

e dg e o f c o rre sp o nd e nc e s w a s o bli te r a t e d t h e i r p ost e r i ty b e g an ,

t o w or ship the sculp t ure d t hi ng s t h e m se l v e s a s h oly i n t h e m ,

se lv e s no t k no wi ng t h a t t h e i r f a t h e rs o f a nci e nt tim e ha d no t
.

see n a ny h o li ne ss i n t h e m but o nly t h a t a cc or di ng t o co rr e sp o n

, ,

de nce s th e y r e pr e se nte d a nd th e re f ore sig nifi e d h o ly thi ng s

, , , ,
.

Th e nc e aro se the id o l atr i e s which fill e d the wh o l e w o rld A si a

,
—
,

wi th the i sl and s aro u nd it Af ric a and E u r o p e ”

,
.

Thi s it see m s to m e sh ow s v e ry pl a i nly ho w m e n wh e n th e y

, , ,

l ost the a rt of c orre sp ond enc e su nk i nto the d e g ra di ng stat e of

,

id ol at ry .

Thi s sci enc e fu rth e r d e g e ne ra t e d a nd t oo k still a no th e r f or m

a m o ng the a nci e nt G re e k s a nd R o ma ns w ho m a d e i t t he b a si s ,

o f t h e i r f a bl e s a nd my th o l o gic a l hi sto r y T he nu rsi ng o f B o mu .

l us a nd R e mu s by the she w o lf ha d p r o b a bly no o t h e r o r igi n .

Fo r c e nt u ri es no w thi s sci e nc e a s a sci e nce ha s slumb e re d , ,

’
b ut a sm all S p ar k ha s b e e n k e pt a liv e i n the p oe t s b re ast a nd
if f or thi s li ttl e ra di anc e the w o rld ha s b e e n m a d e b e tte r a nd
h a ppi e r W h a t d e light w o uld i t re c e iv e if it c o uld e nte r fully
,

into i ts my ste r i e s .

H a s the O d onto l ogic a l S o ci e ty a ny thi ng to do with thi s a nci e nt

s ci e nc e ? C a n w e f a n the f e e bly bu rni ng e mb e rs i nto a fl a m e
th a t will p re se nt it to the w o rld in a ny high e r f o rm ? I I I th i s
2 62 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN T I S T RY .

ligh t which re se mbl e s the fi rst fl ashi ng of the d a w n do w e not

, ,

se e t h a t i t i s no t c o mp ose d of i ndividu a l s b u t st a nd s f ort h a s a ,

S i ngl e m a n ? sc ar c e ly f ull g r o w n as y e t b ut hi s c o u nte na nc e i s

-

f re sh a nd full of h op e a nd his wh ol e he ari ng has the Vigor and

,

e nt hu si a sm o f y o u th We a dmi r e the phy sic al d e v e l o pm e nt of

.

thi s m a n W e p l a c e o ur fi ng er o n the pul se a nd fi nd i t full a nd

.
,

r e gul a r ; a pplyi ng the e ar t o the b re ast w e h e ar the no bl e he a t ,

i ng of the h e ar t and k no w t h a t i n j o i nt co Op era ti o n wi th the

, ,

lu ng s the bl oo d I S b e i ng pu r ifi e d a nd se nt o v er the wh o l e b o dy
, ,

c ar ryi ng to it lif e a nd e ne rgy A S the bl oo d I S c oll e cte d I n the .

h e a rt pu rifi e d of i ts impu r i t i e s in the lungs and a se c o nd t im e

, , , ,

se nt f or t h f r o m the h e ar t r ich i n nu t r i t i o u s e l e m e nt a nd d e si r
, ,

o u s o f givi ng o f i t s vi ta l i ty to a l l p a r t s of the b o dy so o ur ,

E x e cutiv e C o mm itte e h avi ng the w e lfare of the S oci e ty at h e art

, ,

gath er tog e th e r al l v alu abl e m ater i a l which m ay b e e mpl oy e d

f or i tsu se a nd which imp art t o i t ne w lif e and stre ng t h
,
.

T he rea l p o w er of m an d o e s no t r e sid e I n hi s h e art a nd lu ng s ,

b u t i s v e ste d i n the bra i n which g o v e rns and contl ol s al l hi s,

m o ti ons b o th v ol u ntaI y and i nv o lu ntary H ere th e n w e mu st

,
.
, ,
.

fi nd o u r P re sid e nt TO him w e l ook f or guid anc e f or it i s he

.

w ho h o ld s the re i ns o f p o w e r which no w di r e cts now ch e ck s , , ,

‘
no w S pur s t o g re a ter e flo r t e a ch m e mb e r o f t hi s u ni t e d b o dy .

Whil e m an c o uld no t e xi st if he l a ck e d a h e ar t or lu ngs or , ,

b ra i n he lik e w i se w o uld c e a se to be if he ha d nothi ng m or e th a n

, ,

th e se o rg ans a nd h ere i n m a
y t he m o re hu mbl e m e mb e rs o f the

S o ci e ty fi nd c omfor t wh e n w e se e th at t h e re i s o p e n f or e a ch
,

o ne o f u s a pl a c e th a t w e mu st fill a du ty t h a t w e mu st do ,
- .

“
T he ligh t of the b o dy i s t he e y e a nd t h o se w ho c orre sp o nd ,

t o i t a r e a bl e t o o b ta i n cl e a r a nd di st i nct id e as o n v ar i o u s sub
and are c a p a bl e o f imp a r ti ng t o o t h e rs the imp r e ssi o ns
j e ct s ,

th at S O r e a dily co m e t o t h e m Ob e d ience i s a ssoci ate d wi th the

.

’
e a r s ; f o r t o h e a r i s to o b e y M enta l S igh t i s of m an s u nd e r
.
_

sta ndi ng b ut o b e di e nc e i s of the h e art T he no se r e c e iv e s t he .

a i r f o r t he lu ng s t e mp e r s i t a nd by i t s se nse o f sm e ll i s a bl e
, , , ,

t o di st i ng ui sh i n a g r e a t d e g re e wh a t at m osph ere s a re g oo d a nd
, ,

w hat ar e i nj u r i o u s S o too the m o u t h re c e iv e s f ood f or the

.
, ,

st o m a ch a nd by i t s se nse o f t aste re c o g niz e s the g o o d a nd the

, , ,

b ad . Th o se th e n na tu rally h a v e t h e i r pl a ce h er e w ho pe r
, ,
.
,
 SO C IE T IE S . 2 63

c e iv e cl e a rly wh a t are the ne e d s of the S o ci e ty ; th o se i n the

p rovi nc e o f t he no se h a vi ng a high e r pl a i n o f p e rc e p ti o n j u st ,

as t he f o o d o f the lu ng s i s m o r e sub t l e t h a n th a t o f t he st o m a ch .

Th o se w ho c o rre sp ond to the h a nd s o f thi s ma n m u st su r e ly

h a v e the l o v e o f u se stro ngly i n th e i r h e arts f or by t h e m m a n ,

i s a bl e t o b r i ng f o r th i nto t a ngibl e f o r m the w or ki ng s o f hi s

th o ugh t s a nd the d e si r e s o f hi s will .

He re w e find th o se w o rk e rs in the S o ci e ty w ho ar e willi ngto

giv e of th e i r t im e and skill to b ri ng b e f o re i t ne w m o d e s m a te ,

r i a l s a nd a ppli a nc e s . Th e y are i nd e e d a p o w e r in the S o ci e ty

, , ,

a nd h a v e t he c O o p era t i o n o f a nd a r e str e ng t h e ne d by t h o se i n
-

the a r m s a nd sh o uld e rs .

T he f e e t r e se mbl e the h a nd s i n m a ny re sp e c ts Th e i r so lid .

p arts h o w e v e r a r e l ar g e r a nd t he to e s which c orre sp ond t o

, , , ,

the fi ng e rs a re sh o rt e r a nd c a p a bl e o f much l e ss v ar i e ty o f
, ,

m o ti on T he se nse of t o uch t h ro ugh t he f e e t i s p e rh a p s m ore

.
, ,

a cu te t h a n t h r o ugh t he h a nd s b ut th e y are no t a s r e a dy i n
,

e x a m i ni ng I nto t he so u r c e s of t h e i r imp r e ssi o ns T he chi e f du ty .

of t he f e e t i s t h a t o f su st a i ni ng the w e igh t o f the b o dy a nd c arry

'

i ng i t f rom pl a ce t o pl a c e j udgi ng f or t h e m se lv e s ne v e rth e l e ss

, , ,

whe th e r the g ro u nd o r wh at t h e y tre a d o n b e saf e or not

, ,
.

Th e re are wi th u s m any w ho a r e se r vic e a bl e in t a ki ng up w o rk

a l re a dy pl a nne d by o th e rs a nd c a rryi ng i t to a succ e ssful i ssu e
, ,

p ro vid e d th a t it m e e ts wi th t h e i r ow n a pp ro v a l I n e v e ry l a rg e .

b ody o f m e n are t o b e f o u nd t h ose w ho are c o nser v at iv e w ho ,

lik e to a dh e re to the o l d id e as which t h ey h a v e f o u nd by pra cti

ca l e xp e r i e nc e t o b e g o o d Th e se th e n a re the b one s which
.
, , ,

ac t as a f ra m e w or k o n which t o build a nd ar e re a dy t o I e S I S t
'
-

wh e n t h e i r vi e w s are c a l l e d i nto qu e sti o n a nd h a v e a re stra i ni ng ,

i nflu e nc e O I I th ose w ho a r e to o e a sily sw ay e d by the h e a t o f

e nt hu si a sm.

I t I S qu i t e u nne c e ssa ry h o w e v e r to mul tipl y e x a mpl e s

, , B ut .

wh a t w e d e si re to k no w i s the g re a t tru th th a t th e re i s som e th i ng ,

in thi s w o nd e rful org a ni sm to which e a ch m e mb e r o f t he S o ci e ty

c o rre sp o nd s a nd th e re is wh e re his w o rk S ho uld bi nd him A S .

the fu nc t i o ns o f the b o dy a re i nfi ni te in v a ri e ty a nd e x te nt S O ,

the p o ssibili ti e s O f g ro w th o f thi s migh ty m a n which w e h a v e ,

b e e n c onsid e ri ng a re e ndl e ss a nd the b e tte r the m a te ri a l o f

, ,
264 TH E A R C H I V E S OF DEN TI S TR Y .

which i t i s c o mp ose d the stro nger will b e i ts d e v e l o pm e nt

, .

O ne t hi ng h o w e v e r mu st b e b or ne I n m I nd
, , the a bili ty o f the —

hum a n f ra m e t o succ essfully p erf o r m i ts fu nc t i o ns d e p e nd s o n

u na nimi ty o f a c t i on o n t he p a rt of al l i ts organs
, S o o ur .

S o ci e ty if it i s t o atta i n t he e mi nenc e i n the d e nta l w orld which

,

w e b e li e v e i t i s d e st i ne d t o o ccupy i t c a n d o S O o nly by the pe r ,

f e et c o nc o rd a nd u ni te d co o p e rat i on o f al l its m e mb e rs
-

A M E THO D OF M AKIN G AN ALL GOL D C ROW N -

I L L U S T R A T I N G A C ON V ENIEN T W AY OF
OBTAI NING AN D U SING A M O D EL .

B Y T HO S G R EAD . . ENG H AR v
,
.
,
.

A sui ta bl e m od el i s m ost u seful wh en crowni ng bicu spid s a nd

m o l ar s a nd i n so m e c a se s i nci so rs a n
,
d c a ni ne s .

T he m e th o d t o b e d esc r ib e d i s i n my Opi ni on l e ss p a i nful t h a n

, ,

t h o se o r di na ry p ra ct ic e d a g r e a t p ar t of the w or k i s d o ne i n the
'

a b se nc e o f the p at i e nt ; t he m e t a l b a nd o f t he c r o w n i s ro ufi hl y

a d a p te d t o the st ump a nd f e a t h e r e dg e d p r e vi o u s t o fi tt i ng i nthe

-

m o u t h the p o rt i o n passn u nd e r the gum i s the sa m e re l ativ e

di sta nc e b e neath it ar ou nd the stump a nd a v e ry p e rf e ct o ccl ud ,

i ng su r f a c e i s o b ta i ne d t e n a b o u t t o c ro w n a st u m p fi rst if
.
, ,

p o ssibl e a dj u st the r ubb e r dam a nd fill the pulp c anal s th an

, ,

re duc e the b r o k e n d o wn c r o w n i n h e igh t t o a ll o w f o r r e sto r a t i o n

o f t he o ccludi ng su rf a c e the st ump b e i ng l e f t sta ndi ng a s high

,

as p o ssibl e a b o v e the gum Sh o uld much to ot h t i ssu e h av e t o

.

b e cut a w a y a nd e sp e ci a lly wh ere the a dj a c e nt te eth are cl o se a

, ,

l o ng fil e cut fi ssu r e b u r wi t h a chi se l p o i nt i s v ery u se ful ; t w o

-

h o l e s a re d r ill e d w i th the p o i nt f ro m t he l a bi a l t o t he li ngu a l sur

f a c e o ne at the m e sia l the o th e r a t t he di sta l p ar t of t he c row nf
, ,

t he t oo th sub sta nc e b e t w e e n t h e se h o l e s i s c ut a w a y wi th the ,

fi ssu re p a rt O f the d r ill th e n o ne bl a d e O f a p a i r O f e xci si ng f or

,

c e p s I S pl a ce d i n the l a bi a l and the o th er i n the li ngu al Op e ni ng ,

t he h a ndl e s a re p re sse d to g e t h e r a nd the c ro w n c o m e s a w a y .

Sm a ll pi e c e s of up stand i ng t o ot h sub sta nc e cl o se a ga i nst ‘

a no t h e r t o ot h m ay b e re a dily r e m o v e d wi t h a wh ee l b u r such a s ,

*
R e ad b e f ore t h e O d ont ol og i cal S o ci e ty of G re a t B ri t ai n, on M ay 5th .
 SO C IE T I E S . 2 65

D r . H o ra t o .
’
i C M e ri a m s th e se p roj e c t i o ns ca n b e c ut o ff f ro m
t he i nsid e wi t h o ut w o u ndi ng the gum a nd the u np l e a sa ntne ss o f ,

r u nni ng a co rr und u i n wh e e l i n t he m o u th i s a v o id e d .

No w m a ke the side s of the stump a s f a r a s the b and i s to ,

e x te nd qui te p ara ll e l so t h a t t he c ro w n m a y fi t t he stump cl ose ly

, ,

a nd t igh t ly lik e the lid of a t i n c a ni st e r

,
P re vi o u s t o p ar i ng the .

st ump c o c a i ne i n the c ry sta l s i s r ubb e d o n the gum s wi t h the

,

fi nge r th e n b y a d ra wi ng a nd sc ra pi ng m o ti o n wi th D r D ani el F
,
. .

’ ’
Whi tte n s b ro k e n b a ck a nd D r B e nne tt s N os 5 a nd 6 chi se l s ,
.
,
.

t he e na m e l a nd o v e r h a ngi ng o r p ro j e c t i ng t i ssu e o f the st ump i s

str ipp e d o ff .

T he S id e s of the stump h a vi ng b ee n p ar e d quit e p ara ll e l sh o uld ,

b e fi ni sh e d sm ooth by c are fully p a ssi ng a saf e ty p o i nt sh o uld -

e re d fi ne fil e cut fi ssu re b u r a r o u nd it
-

T a k e a str ip of thi n m e ta l t e l e ph o ne pl a t e a nsw e rs w e ll t ri m

, ,

a nd b e nd t hi s t o the st ump wh e n r o ughly fit te d p re ss a sm a ll ,

p i e c e of so f te ne d c o m p o si ti o n t o the b a nd a nd st ump the p a t i e nt ,

t h e n cl o se s the m o u t h bi ti ng i nto the c o mp o si t i o n a s so o n as i t

i s h ar d r e m o v e the imp re ssi on a nd lit tl e b a nd f ro m the m o u th
,
.

C a st a l o w e r a nd upp e r m od e l f ro m t hi s wi th the littl e b a nd in ,

S i tu no w y o u h a v e t he o ccludi ng a nd a dj a c e nt t e e th a nd the
stump with the li t tl e b a nd o n sh o wi ng t he p o s i t i o n o f t he gum
,

e dg e ar o u nd i t .

O ve r thi s b and m a k e the m etal b and of the c ro wn in c oi n gold

t o fi t i t a nd c orresp ond to the gum e dg e the j o i nt sh o uld b e a t
the li ngu a l su rf a c e .

H a vi ng fitte d the b a nd to the m od el so f te n the e nd of a st ick ,

.
of c o mp o siti o n a nd p re ss t he b a nd o n wi t h t he e dg e t o go u nd e r ,

the gum upp e r m o st ; thi s i s f e a t h e r e dg e d wi th a fi ne ro u nd fi l e

-

T a ke a pi e c e of c o i n go ld o f t he sa m e sub sta nc e a s the b a nd ,

’
and i n M essr s S S Whit e s d i e pl a t e str ik e up cu sp s f o r t he
. . .

c ro w n .

T ry t he st ruck up cu sp s to the o ccludi ng m o d e l a nd se e if t he

bi te will rid e M a rk wh ere i t will pl a c e the cu sp s o n the m a l e
.
,

die o f so ft m e t a l u se d to st rik e th e m up a nd with blu nt pi nch e rs ,

k no ck d o w n th ose pl a c e s m a rk e d the a rticul a ti ng su rf a c e is thu s

m a d e p erf e c t .

F il e up som e sold e r a nd mix it wi th a l i ttl e P a rr s flux fill t he

’
,
2 66 TH E A R C HIVE S OF DE N T T IS R Y .

i nte ri or of t he cu sp s rat h er ful l a nd flo w the sold e r o v er a b un

se n fl a m e N o w se e the p a t i e nt a nd fi ne fi t the b a nd on the
.

st ump wh e n thi s i s a cco mpli sh e d so ld e r i t e dge t o e dg e o v er a , ,

bu nse n fl a m e u si ng bi ndi ng wi re as a cl a mp
, .

Th e n wi th c ont ou r i ng pli e rs co nto u r the b and I f the c ana l s .

h a v e not b e e n fill e d twi st a pi e c e of bi ndi ng wi re wi t h a b e a d or

,

t w o up o n i t r o u nd t he c ont o u re d b and pl a c e t hi s o nthe stu mp a nd

, ,

u se i t t o h o ld t h e r ubb er da m S of te n the e nd of a st ick of c o mp osi

.

t i o n a nd p re ss t he b a nd up o n i t wi t h the o ccludi ng e dg e upp e r ,

m o st ; wi th a fi ne flat fil e out the surf a c e fla t re m o v e t he b and fro m

, ,

t he c o mp osi t i o n a nd try i t a nd t he cu sp s i n the m o u t h r e m o vi ng ,

a nd re pl a ci ng i t up on the st ick t o cu t a w a u nt i l the cu sp s a r e l e t

y
'

i n a nd the o c clu si on i s p erf e ct .

N o w pl a ce the cu sp s up on a sold e ri ng gr id i ron bora x the -

e dg e o f the b a nd and adj u st i t i n p o si t i o n o n the cu sp s so t h a t ,

wh e n the sh ould e r t h at i s o n the cu sp s i s cut a w ay the bucc a l ,

a nd ant e r i or su r fa ces will b e p er f e c t h o ld the w or k ov e r a b un

se n fl a m e a nd t he sold e r i n the cu sp s will m e l t and u ni te wi th

the b a nd .

Wh e n so ld e re d if the li ngu a l and p oster i or surf a c es a re not

,

p e rf e ct build th e m up w i th c o i n gold scra p s a nd sold e r filli ng s

, ,

r un t he so ld e r wi t h a bl o w pip e .

B o il in a cid tr im wi th a fi ne corrundum wh ee l and p oli sh hav

, , ,

i ng the c ro w n o n a stick of c o mp osi t i o n H or iz ont a lly g ro o v e the .

pulp ch a mb e r dry i t out a nd fill it and the i nter i or of the cro wn

,

wi th o xyph osph a te of a c re a my consi ste ncy pre ss the c ro w n on ,

the st ump wi t h a not ch e d t o o th b r u sh h a ndl e -

.

Str ik e the t oot h b r u sh o nc e o r t w ic e wi th a l e a d m all et to e xp e l

-

a ny su r plu s o f c e m e nt Wh en the sett i ng i s h ar d tr im a w ay any

.
,

e xc e ss o f c e m e nt wi th a b r o k e n b a ck chi se l T he m a ll e t i s o nly .

u se d i n the fi na l st age as t he b a nd can a lw ay s if p ro p er ly m a d e

, ,

b e p r e sse d o n the stump wi th the fi ng e r .

DR . E
S TAL B O T : I t i s imp o ssibl e f or m o u th b re at hi ng or
. .
-

t humb sucki ng t o p r o duc e t he sa ddl e S h a p e d o r v S h a p e d ar ch

-

,
- -

or t h ose i rre gul ar i t i e s which are a lli e d t o t h e m W

[ ho i s r igh t ? .

— E d Ar chiv e s ]
.
 SO C IE T I E S .

NEGLE CT OF M E C HANI C AL D EN TI ST RY .
*

R Y E U MM ING
J . . C S, YRA C U S E N E w YORK S ,
.

T he subj e c t O f thi s p a p e r i s o ne th a t sh o uld b e o f g r e a t i nter

e st to e a ch a nd e v e ry o ne O f u s W e b ster te ll s u s ne g l e ct m e a ns
'

no t to t rea t wi th d ue a tte nt i o n ; to suff e r t o p ass u nimp ro v e d ,

u nh e e d e d ; to di sr e ga r d or to sligh t e tc , ,
.

Thi s w or d ne gl e c t no w se e m s to b e in gre a t p ro mi ne nce i n

,
.

re g ar d t o m e ch a nic a l d e nt i stry Why sh ould th ere b e thi s sta t e

.

o f a ff a i rs 2 W e are e v e r aski ng f o r a high er st a nd ar d i n o ur pro f e s

si o n . Why S h o uld i t not a ff e c t the m e ch anic a l p art o f our w or k

as w e ll a s the p a r ts o f Op er a t iv e a nd su r gic a l ? L e t u S a sk a
f e w qu e st i o ns : as t he O l d a d a g e t e ll s u s wh a t i s no t w o r th a ski ng ,

f or i s no t w o rth h a vi ng ; a nd if w e c a n ge t thi s h e lp by aski ng i t ,

c e r ta i nly will pay u S to S p e a k p e rch anc e so m e m ay b e a bl e t o

,

th r o w ne w li gh t o n t he subj e c t .

l st H a v e w e rea ch ed th at p o i nt i n our hi story wh e n artifi

.

c i a l d e nt u r e s ar e no t ne e d e d ? N o ; a nd p r o b a bly a s l ong a s t he
w o rld m o v es t h ere will st ill b e a d e m a nd f or a rtifici a l sub st i t u t e s ,

a nd d e nt i st s of m e ch a nic a l skill a re e xp e c te d t o fu r ni sh the sa m e .

Th ere ha s h e r e tofore b een t oo sh or t a tim e sp e nt in c oll e g e o r ,

i n Offic e p re p a rato ry t o a tte ndi ng c o ll e g e ; c o nse qu e ntly the f e w ,

m onth s h a v e b e e n c ro wd e d with th eory a nd but li ttl e atte nti o n ,

p a id t o p ra cti c a l m e ch a ni c a l d e nti stry .

2d .D O w e sa v e a l l t he t e e t h t h a t c o m e u nd e r o ur c are ? W e
m ay say y e s o r w e do o u r u t m o st t o t h a t e nd b ut tim e i s o ur
,

b est j udg e : a nd t hi s S h o uld b e o ur o ne a im i n p rof e ssi ona l w ork .

3d .D O w e fi nd i t the b est c o u r se to pu r su e to r e fu se t o
e x tr a c t i n a l l c a se s 3 Thi s qu esti on can al so b e answ e r e d no to
'

a c er ta i n e x te nt as i n a subj e c t w ho m a y p r e se nt h im se lf wi th
,

the t e e th i nthe l a st sta g e s O f py o rrh oea o r f ro m roo t a b sorpti o n o f ,

a ny o ne Or m o re o f t he t e e th ; o r f ro m p a t i e nt s w ho h a v e ne v e r

giv e n the t e e th a ny atte nti o n and w e fi nd t h e m in a b a dly ,

d e c ay e d o r b ro k e n c o ndi ti o n; th e se a re a f e w o f the c a se s wh e re
it m ay no t b e the b e st pl a n to re fu se to e x tra c t .

i th A r e al l o ur p a ti e nts p re p a re d to g i v e t he r e qui re d ti m e
.

*R
e ad a t
Fi f th D i str i t D c e nt a l S o i e t y M e e ti ng , h e l d
c at Uti ca ,
N . Y .
,
A p ri l 8t h a nd 9t h , 1 890 .
2 68 TH E A R C H I V E S OF D E N T I S TR Y .

a nd e xp e nse t o t he salv a t io nO f the nat ura l o rgans ? A ll a re no t

bl e sse d wi th m ea ns suffici e nt to h a v e the w or k d one r e gar dl e ss
O f e xp e nse say no t hi ng o f the t im e r e qui r e d t o a cc o mpli sh w or k
,

O f t hi s ch a r a c te r Wh a t are w e th e n t o do ? Ar e w e t o re fu se
‘

t o w or k f o r t h e m a nd by so d o i ng c o mp e l t h e m t o Vi si t the ch ar
,

l a ta ns O f o ur pr of e e ssi on which a ct a l o ne e nc o u ra g e s w o r km e n
,

O f t hi s sor t w ho se e m t o g r o w i n numb e r a n
, d fl o u r i sh u nd er o u r
v ery e y e s wi t h o u t m o l e st at i o n f ro m the l a w
,
.

S om e m ay say i n re gar d to m e ch anic a l d e nt i stry We h ave

a dv a nc e d i n t he sci e nc e Of o u r m e t h o d s a nd a r e not c a ll e d up o n t o

d o t hi s cl ass O f w o r k Th e n if w e h a v e t a k e n t h at ste p O f
.
”

a dv a nc e m e nt why do so m a ny of our p re c e p tors r e q ui re the

,

y o u n g m e n e nt er i ng t h e i r Offic es t o sp e nd m ost O f t h e i r Va lu e d

t i m e i n the l a b o rat ory wh ere li tt l e b u t t hi s ki nd O f w or k i s

,

d one Why no t gi v e the y o ung m e n m or e ti m e in studyi ng the

b e st m eth o d s o f t re a ti ng filli ng e tc th at th e y m ay b e tter pre
, ,
“

.
,

p a r e t h e m se lv e s t o b attl e wi t h so m e O f the difficul t c a se s t h a t

w ill b e su re t o f a ll t o t h e i r l ot i n l a te r y e ars ? Th e re are no w b ut
f e w d e nt i sts p ra ct ici ng i n thi s c o u ntry b u t wh a t m a k e so m e
c l a im t o do m e ch a nic a l w o r k i n t h e i r Offic e s Th e re are still f e w e r .

w ho d o m e ch anic a l w o r k to the e xclu si o n O f a l l o t h ers bu t y o u ,

will fi nd in m o st O f the f or m e r cl a ss the w or k i s e ntr u ste d t o

'

m en O f li ttl e o r no m e ch a nic a l skill o r wh olly t o st ud e nts ; whil e ,

i n the l a t ter cl a ss the w ork i s d o ne by m e n O f re pu t ati on e i th er ,

l o c a l o r g e ne ra l o r e l se i s p e rf or m e d by the p r op r i e to r o f such
,

O ffic e s sh o wi ng wh e re t he w o r k i s w o rt h d o i ng i t i s w ort h d o i ng
, ,

w e ll and can b e d one t o the high e st state O f p e rfe c ti on Thi s

, .

w ork c all s f or o ur b e st kill i n a m e ch anic al p o i nt of Vi e w a nd ,

w e sh ould ne v e r f a il to e nc o u ra g e t h o se w ho i nt e nd e nt e r i ng the
p ro f e ssi o n to imp ro v e al l the gold e n Opp ort u ni t i e s to a cqu a i nt
t h e m se lv e s wi th the re a l p ra c t ic a l p a rt O f m e ch a nic al w o r k .

A DEN T I T EXT E M
S S
’ MEA S URE S A f e w w e e k s ago a D o dge
R E .
—
,

Ci ty d e nti st w ho had m a d e a se t O f t e e t h f or a l ady w ho ha d

, ,

f a il e d to pay f or th e m to o k t h e m o ut O f he r m o u th i n a cro wd e d
,

sto r e i n t h a t pl a c e I n an h o u r o r t w o the m ol ar s w er e p a id f or
.

and r e t u rne d t o the w o m a n A r ka nsa s Ci ty Tr a v el er —

.
 SO C IE T IE S . 2 69

P RE S I D EN T B T M A S ON S ANN UAL A DD RE SS
. .
‘
.

G EN TLE M E N
Thi s the t w e nty se c ond m e e t i ng O f t he F if th Di stric t D e nta l
,
-

S o ci e ty fi nd s u s al l a g a i n i n U tic a T he y e a r j u st p asse d ha s
, ,

b e e n a m o st p ro sp e ro u s o ne I tru st f or al l o f u s and w e h a v e
, ,

p a sse d ano t h e r mil e sto ne in the h i story O f d enti stry wi th o ur

-

b a nd O f m e mb e r ship u nb ro k e n which a m o ng the m any thi ng s ,

f or whi ch w e h a v e c a u se t o b e t h a nkful t ra nsc e nd s th e m a l l ,

.

T he p ro g re ss O f the d e nt a l p ro f e ssi on has b e e n onw a r d a nd

upw ar d wi th m ore ra pid str id e s th a n e v er b e f ore and w e h a v e ,

j u st c a u se f or p r id e in the p ro f e ssi on w e h a v e ch osen th a t she ,

has ta k e n a f o r w a r d p o si t i o n a m o ng the l e ar ne d p ro f e ssi ons a nd ,

has the l e a d of t h e m al l a s to p ro gress a nd a dv a nc e m e nt Thi s I .

a t tr ibu te not th a t t h e re i s g re a t er c a u se f or a dv a nc e m e nt i n o u r s
, ,

t h a n i n o th e r p r o f e ssi ons b u t t o the f a c t t h a t w e h a v e a m o ng u s

,

t h ose w ho a re no t c o nte nt wi th t h at which i s good o r sa ti sfi e d ,

wi th t h a t which i s better b ut will only a cc e p t th at which i s

,

best .

M ay t he wh eel s of o u r p ro g ress ne v e r b e bl o ck e d and our a d

v a nc e m e nt b e r a pid h e al thy and Vigoro u s u ntil the ulti m a tum
, ,

i s r e a ch e d a nd t h a t filli ng di sc o v e r e d which m e e ts a l l O f the

r e qui re m e nt s a nd o u r g e ne ra l a pp r o v a l .

I no w wi sh to c all y ou r at te nti on m ore f or the pu rp o se of dis ,

cu ssi e n th a n a ny o th er to a subj e c t which al th o ugh no t ne w to

, ,

a ny o f us I b e li e v e al l t o b e i nt e r e ste d i nz
,
i t i s the C onserv at iv e —

T re atm e nt O f the D e nta l Pulp ”

T w o y e ar s a go a t a m e e ti ng
.
,

h e ld h e re it w a s state d b V se v e ra l p re se nt th at th e y b e li e v e d
,

th a t wh en a pulp ha d b e c o m e e xp o se d f ro m c ar i e s th a t the b e st ,

t re at m e nt w as d e vit a liz a ti on a nd th at m ost pulp s c o nse r v a t iv e ly

,

t re a te d di e d a na tu ra l d ea th a f te r a t im e a nd b ec a m e the c a u se
, ,

O f t ro ubl e a nd a b sc e ss Wh il e i t i s v e ry d o ub tful wh e th e r the

.

h alf c e ntu ry th at has b e e n giv e n to the study O f the pulp has

cl e a rly so lv e d al l the p ro bl e m s c o nne c te d wi th i t I re m e mb e r ,

th a t I w as su rp ri se d a t wh a t I h e ard a nd w o nd e r e d if i t c o uld ,

b e p o ssibl e th a t the m a ny pulp s th a t I ha d tre a te d a nd c a pp e d ,

* R b e f or e t he Fi f th D i str i t D
e ad c e nt al c
S o i e ty of N ew Y or k , A pr il
8th a nd 9th , 1890
2 70 THE A R C H I V E S OF DEN TI S TR Y .

c o uld m any o f th e m no w b e c a u si ng tro ubl e and the re st a lm o st ,

su re t o . I w e nt h o m e with the d e te rmi nat i on t o k now b ey ond

a d o ub t if t hi s w e r e t r u e a nd si nc e t h a t t im e I h a v e c are fully
,

w a t ch e d t h ose pulp s c app e d b e fo re a nd si nc e th at h a v e c o m e

u nd e r my Ob se rv a ti o n a nd I h a v e y e t t o fi nd t h at a l arge pro
,

p or ti on O f t h e m are no t d o i ng g oo d se r vic e and re sp o nd to t h e r ,

m a l ch ang e I do not b e li e v e th at my tre atm ent differ s m a

.

t er i al l y fr o m t h a t o f y o u g e ntl e m e n o r t he g e nera lly a cc e p te d ,

p ra c t ic e b u t I do b e li e v e t h at I sa v e 85 t o 95 per c e nt of
,
.

p ulp s c a pp e d wh e re sy ste mic c o ndi ti ons are f a v ora bl e I sp e a k

,
.

O f t hi s no w t h at the subj e c t m ay b e b ro ugh t u p a nd I w o uld ,

li k e t o l e arn if the g e ntl e m en w ho e xp re sse d t h e m se lv e s up on

the subj e c t t w o y e ar s a go a dh e re t o the sa m e Opi ni o ns st ill a nd
, ,

t h a t a g e ne ra l di scu ssi o n O f the subj e c t m ay f oll o w .

KAN S A S ST AT E D EN T AL A SS O CI A T ION .

A t the re c e nt m e e t i ng o f the K a nsa s S tat e D e nta l A sso ci at i on

h eld a t T o p e k a the f o ll o wi ng l ette r f r o m D r C ro u se w a s rea d
,
.

CHI C AGO A p r il 29 1 890 , , .

D R C E E S T E R L Y S ec y [f oa m s D enta l S oci ety :

. . .
’
,

DEA R S I R I wi sh t o stat e t o t he d e nt i sts O f K a nsa s now i n

—

se ssi o n t h a t t he D e nt a l P ro t e c t iv e A sso ci at i o n o f the U ni te d

,

S tate s ca n gu arante e p ro te cti o n a ga i nst a ny O f t he p at e nts no w

,

o w ne d by the I T C C O .A cc ordi ng to the a dvi c e of our at

. . .

tor ne y s M e ssrs O fli e l d
,
Fo wl e w e h a v e su ffi ci ent e vide nce to
.
,

S h o w t h a t a ny p a t e nt s no w o w ne d by t he C r o wn C o mp a ny ar e not .

w o rth the p ap er t h e y are wr i tte n u p on .

T he f a c t t h a t the C ro w n C o mp a ny h a v e no t su e d a ny of our
m e mb e r s nor a re t h e y p re ssi ng the O l d sui t s S i nc e the Pro t e ct iv e
,

A sso ci ati on w a s form e d i s e vi dence th at t h ey k now th e ir p ate nts

,

will not st and the t e st O f the c o u rts Y e t nO m e mb e r o f the pro

'

,
.

f e ssi on can a ff or d t o t e st the v a lidi ty of a ny o ne O f t h e i r t w enty

S i x p a te nt s S i ngl e h and e d a nd a l o ne
-
i t w o uld b e ch e a p e r t o
submi t t o a ny d e m a nd t he C o mp a ny might m a k e .

A t p re se nt t he e nt i re p ro f e ssi on i s re c e ivi ng the b e ne fit o f

the i nflu e nc e of the P rote c t iv e A sso ci at i o n and w e f e e l th at eac h ,
 SO C IE T I E S . 2l 1

m a n o ugh t to c ontribu te his mi te T he sm a ll su m O f te n d o ll a rs .

f ro m e a ch m e mb e r i s m o re th a n c o mp e nsate d f o r i n the l e sse n

mg o f t he a nnoy a nc e p ra ct i t i o ne rs w o uld re c e iv e ha d w e no
o rg a niz a ti o n f o r d e f e nse .

I t i s no t t he d e sig n of the P ro t e c t iv e A sso ci at i o n t o p ro te c t

the e nt i re p r o f e ssi o n bu t o nly i t s m e mb e rs a nd t he t im e i s
, ,

c o mi ng wh e n o nly m e m b e rs will r e c e iv e i ts b e ne fits .

I h o p e to re c e iv e w o rd th a t ev ery m e mb e r O f t he K a nsa s S ta te
-

D e nta l S o ci e ty w ho i s no t a l re a dy a m e mb er of the P rote c t iv e

,

Asso ci a ti on ha s j o i ne d a t thi s tim e W e h op e to ge t al l m e m

,
.

b ers O f the p rof e ssi o n w ho h a v e not a l re a dy d one so to j o i n t hi s

, ,

y e ar . Yo u rs truly ,

J N CROU S E . . .

Much w as sa id by th o se p re se nt i n f a v or of the m o v e m e nt a nd ,

the f o ll o wi ng re so lu t i o n w a s Off er e d a nd a d o p t e d

R esol v ed Th a t w e t h oro ughly e nd or se the D e nt a l P ro te c t iv e

,

Asso ci ati on of the Uni te d S tate s and u rg e up on e v e ry m e mb e r ,

o f t he d e nt a l p r o f e ssi o n t o j o i n the A sso ci a ti on a nd se nd to D r .

J N C ro u se O f Chic a go its p re sid e nt the i ni ti at i o n f e e o f t e n

. .
, , ,

d o ll ars .

T he tw e nt i e t h a nnu a l m e e t i ng of the A sso ci a t i o n will b e h e ld “

a t Wichi ta c o mm e nci ng Thu rsd ay A p ril 30th 1 891 T he

, , ,
.

ne w l y e l e ct e d O fli ce r s are :
Pre sid ent T K A itk e n V a ll ey Fa ll s ; F i rst V i c e P re sid e nt
,
. .
,
-

F O He trick O ttaw a ; S e cond V ic e P re side nt J A R ob erts

. .
,
-

,
. .
,

S a b atha ; T re asu rer R A Wasson O tta w a ; S e c re tary C E

, . .
, ,
. .

E sterly L a wre nce ; M e mb er B oar d O f C e nsors S S N obl e

, ,
. .
,

Wichi ta .

La w re nce K ansas M ay 1 890 , ,

C E E S TE R LY ,
. . . .

ABE S S E D TEE T H D R M L R HEI N

SC C osmos
—
We . . .
,

Ofte n ge t v e ry b ad c o mplic a ti o ns f o ll o wi ng ne gl e cte d c a se s o f

a lv e o l ar a b sc e ss wh ere t h e y f o ll o w the si nu se s a nd wh e re t h e y
, ,

pro duc e a lm ost i nnum e ra bl e tro ubl es f ro m di stu rb a nc e s O f the

so ck e t s O f the t e e th a nd di stu rb a nc e s O f the e nt i re m a xill a ;
,
)

b ut still in ne a rly a l l the c a se s th e re i s no e xcu se f o r the

, ,

e xt ra c t i o n O f the t e e th .
2 72 TH E A R C HIVE S OF DE N T T IS R Y .

T HE GEORGIA ST ATE M EE T ING .

T he G eorgi a S ta te D e nt a l S o ci e ty will h o ld i t s tw e nty se c o nd -

a nnu a l m e e t i ng i n the O p era H o u se Gai nesvill e G a July , , .

,

9th t o 1 2th, 1 890 .

S ta t e B o ar d O f D e nta l E x a mi ne r s w ill m e e t a t Ga i ne s
T he
vill e July 1 0th a nd 1 1 th 1 890 T O co mm e nc e pr a ct ic e in
, ,
.

Georgi a wi th o u t a license fro m the B oar d i s a m i sdemeam ov .

E a ch standi ng commi tte e will m a k e a re p ort and p re sent al l

p ap e rs th at m ay b e i n t h e i r h and s .

T he cli nic s will b e a s f o ll o w s J A Ch a ppl e T ra nspl ant i ng . .

,

N atura l Te e th ; C A Ryd e r Po rcel a i n Crow n with G old . .

,

C oll a r ; W W H ill Cr o wn W ork ; W H W e a v er T i n and

. .
,
. .
,

C oh e siv e G old c o mbi ne d i n a pp ro xim a l c a vi t i e s Knuckli ng . .

D H opp s H S C o ldi ng R B A d a i r Wm Cre nsh a w and

.
,
. .
,
. .
,
.

J D L ani e r to se l e ct Op erat i on
. .
,
.

CLINI C S S P E C IAL B Y I NVI T A T ION H A Parr N ew Y ork

,
— .
-
. .
, ,

Cro w n a nd B r idg e W ork a nd C ast F illi ng s E P a rml e y B ro w n .

,

N e w Y or k C ro w n a nd B r idg e W or k ; J Y C ra wf ord T e n
,
. .
,

ne sse e F ill i ng Pulp C a na l s ; J o h n C

,
Story D a ll as T e x as .
, , ,

F illi ng Pulp Canal s ; D G ene se B al ti m ore Md Porc el a in .

, ,
.
,

C ro w ns N e w —
.

E v e ry Op e rator i s e xp e cte d to bri ng his own i nstruments (ex

c e p t ch a i rs e ngi ne s ,
a nd a l so i s re qu e st e d t o not ify the
,

Ch a i r m an of C o mmi tte e of Arra ng e m ents R B A d a i r G a i ne s ,

. .
,

vill e imm e di ately a s to the ki nd O f Op er at i on he d e si res t o

, ,

p erf or m so th at a sui ta bl e subj e ct m ay b e p r o cur e d

,
.

Wm C W ar dl a w will act a s Sup er vi so r O f Cli ni c s wi th J A

. .
,
. .

Ch appi e Ch ai r m an E v er y nee d e d sp a c e a nd r o o m s f or com

,
.

m itte e s m anuf a c tu re r s e xhib itors a nd i nv e ntors will b e sup

, ,

pli e d A ll w ho h a v e any thi ng ne w or O f i nt e re st to the S o ci e ty

.
, ,

are i nvi te d t o c o m e a nd p re se nt t h e m T he cli nic s a nd the di s .

p l a y O f d e nt a l g o o d s will b e o f v e ry hi gh o r d e r .

T he S o u th er n P a sse ng e r A ssoc i a t i on will giv e re duc e d rate s

_

f ro m al l p o i nt s i n G e orgi a only o n the c e rt ific a t e pl an , ,

.

P R O G R AM M E .

l Vednesda i J ul y 9th 1 0 a m All l a di e s and ge ntl e m e n in,

. .
—

a tt e nd a nc e will m e e t i n f ro nt O f the A r li ng t o n H ot e l m a r ch i n ,
 SO C IE T I E S . 2 73

p ro c e ssi on to the O p e ra H o u se wh e re the e x e r ci ses will b e

.

o p e ne d wi th p ra y e r by R e v F C M cC onne l l A dd re ss of . .
/
. .

We lc o m e H o n G e o rge R L o o p e r m ay o r O f the ci ty ; A dd re ss
,
. .
,

i n b e h a lf O f the Ci ty O f G a i ne svil l e Judg e J B E ste s ; , . .

R e sponse by B H Catchi ng of Atl a nta G a A ddre ss in b e

. .
, ,
.

h alf O f the Ch a mb e r O f C o mm e r c e by M a j o r J H Bu tt A h ,
. .

nu a l A dd re ss by S B B arfi e ld P re sid e nt o f the S o ci e ty

,
. A f te r
.
, .

which the re gul ar o r d e r o f bu si ne ss .

AM U S E M EN T S AN D P LEA S URE .

l Vedu esda y , 5 p . m .
— C arri a g e d riv e o v e r t he ci ty a nd to t he
v a r i o u s m i ne ra l sp r i ng s .

P M A dd ress by D r B H C a tchi ng i n the Op era

. .
—
. . .
,

H o u se to the So ci e ty a nd ci tiz e ns of G a i ne sv ill e Subj e c t

,
. .

T he T e e t h a nd D e nta l H ygi e ne .

T hu rsda y p
, m L e c t u re by the w o r ld r e no w ne d D r
. .
— -

Wm H A tki nso n of N e w Y ork

. .
,
.

F r i da y 9 p m ,
B a nqu e t t e nd ere d by the ci tiz e ns of G a i ne s
. .
—

vill e t o t he l a di e s and g e ntl e m e n in atte nd a nc e .

S a tu r da y 1 2 th ,
E xcu rsi on to Tallul ah Fall s th e N i agara O f
—
,

the S o u th .

H O TE L R AT E S Arli ng to n H o te l h e a dqu arte rs o f the S o ci e ty

—
, ,

$2 pe r day Pi e dm o nt H o t e l h e a dqu a rte r s f o r fa mili e s $2 pe r ,

,

day H ud so n H o u se pe r da y H u nt H o u se, p e r d a
y , .

E v ery p ossibl e e ffo rt has b e e n m ad e by the Offi c e rs a nd c om

mi tte e of ar ra nge m e nt s b o th i n t im e a nd m o ne y t o m a k e thi s , ,

the fi ne st m e e t i ng e v e r y e t k no w nt o t he G e o r g ia D e nta l S o ci e ty .

Th o se w ho e xp e c t to a tte nd the S o u t h e rn A sso ci ati o n f ro m

t he no rth a nd e a st G a i ne svill e i s o n y o u r di r e c t li ne t o A tl a nt a
, ,

and o u ca n w e ll a ff o r d to sta r t a f e w d a y s e a rli e r a nd st o p o v e r

y
a t the S ta t e m ee t i ng Th ose f ro m the so u t h a nd w e st ca n i n a
.

v e ry sh or t t im e r u n up f ro m A tl a nta i t b e i ng o nly fif ty mil e s ,

.

E v e ry d enti st in G e o rgi a a nd in al l th e se U ni te d S tate s a nd

f ore ig n c o u ntri e s to g e th e r w i th th e i r imm e di a te fa mili e s a r e
, ,

m o st c ordi a lly i nvi te d to c o m e a nd m e e t wi th us Ve ry re sp e c t .

fully y o u rs ,
L D CAR P EN T ER C or S ec . .
, . .
,

Atl anta G a M ay 1 5 1 890

,
.
,
’
4 75 “ hi tc ha l l S tre e t
,
.
,
 2 71
-
THE A H VE DE T T Y
R C I S OE N I S R .

ST . LOUI S D ENTAL S O C IE TY .

A r e gul ar m e e ti ng o f t hi s S o ci e ty w a s h eld Tu esday M ay ,

2 0th 1 890 a t the Offi c e O f D r s F i sh e r a nd C o nr a d wi t h D r

, ,
.
, .

J o h n G H ar p e r i n the ch a i r a nd D r D e C our cey L i nd sl e y S e c

.
,
.
,

r e t a ry O wi ng to the d eath O f D r H o m er J udd D r H arp e r

. .
,
.

p ro p o se d t o l ay a sid e a l l re gul a r bu si ne ss a nd m a k e thi s a “

”
m e m or i a l m e et i ng .

D R CONRA D m o ve d t h a t the S o ci e ty se nd a fl o ra l t r ibu t e t o

.

’
D r J u dd s fu ne ra l
. C arr i e d . .

D R F I S HER m o v e d t h a t c o mmi tte e o f t h re e b e a pp o i nte d t o

.

d raf t a pp ro p ri a te r e so lu t i ons o n the d e a th O f D r Judd T he . .

m o t i o n w a s c arr i e d a nd the f oll o wi ng c o mmi tte e app o i nte d D r s .

W H E a m e s H e nry F i sh e r a nd A J P re sse r
. .
,
. . .

D r I V H E a m e s w a s r e qu e ste d t o m a k e a f e w re m ar k s up on
. . .

t he lif e a nd ch a ra c t e r i st ic s of o u r d e p a r t e d l e a d e r .

DR E A M E S M r Pr e sid e nt and G e ntl e me n I t i s wi th

.
—
.

t he d e e p e st f e e li ng th at I r i se t o sp e a k o n t hi s o cc a si on I h ave .

b e e n c a ll e d t o p a rt wi th a fr i e nd wh ose m e m o ry i s v ery d e a r t o ,

me I t w as my g o o d f or tu ne to b e i nt im a te ly a cqu a i nte d wi th
.

D r Judd . S oo n aft e r he c a m e t o S t L o ui s t o practice I f orm e d

. .

hi s a cqu a i nt a nc e a nd j o i ne d him i n the w o r k O f e sta bli shi ng a

'

d e nta l c oll e g e Wh e n t hi s w a s a cc o mpli sh e d I w a s a sso ci ate d

.

wi th him a s t e a che r and sub se qu e ntly w e b e c a m e a sso ci ate d i n ,

j o u rnal w o r k Th e se a sso ci a t i ons b r o ug ht u s t o g e t h e r a lm ost

'

d a ily a nd c e m e nte d o ur f r i e nd ship I so on g re w t o r e sp e c t and .

l o v e him f or hi s no bl e ch ar a c t e r a nd ki nd ne ss o f he a rt I n al l .

.my i nter c o ur se wi t h him f o r ne arly t w e nty fi v e y e a r s I ne v e r ,

—
, ,

i n a si ngl e i nst ance ha d o cc a si o n t o d o ub t hi s i nt e g r i ty

'

He
,
.

w a s a t r u e p e r so na l f ri e nd a nd d e v o t e d t o hi s p ro f e ssi o n Th ose .

w ho k ne w him b e st l o v e d him b e st Thi s S o ci e ty a nd t he pr o .

,

f e ssi o n a t l a rg e a r e i nd e b t e d t o hi m f or se r vic e s r e nd e re d i n
,

t he c a u se O f d e nt a l e duc a t i o n a nd f o r the r e c o g ni t i o n which ha s

b e e n a cc ord e d to u s by t he m e dic a l p ro f e ssi o n .

DR F I S HER z I r e i ter a te D r E a m e s se nt im e nts a nd will a dd

.
’ —
.
,

f arth e r t hat he w as a manw ho t o o k a na ct iv e int e re st i n e v e ry thi ng

,

i n a dv anc e m e nt O f the e duc a t i on o f y o u ng m e n e nt e r i ng o u r pro

f e ssi on a nd I f ee l wh ate v er succ e ss I ha v e m a d e a s a d e nt i st I
~

o w e t o D r Judd H e w a s a m a n O f a high se nse of h onor a nd i t

. .
,
 SO C I E T I E S . 2 75

is wi th p rid e th a t 1 say th a t I a m one o f D r J udd s f oll o w e r s .

’
.

DR PRO S S E R I a m p ro ud tO sa y t h a t I w a s o ne O f D r
‘
-

. .

’
Judd s st ud e nts I n o ur cl a ss w e w e re a lw ay s gl a d wh en his
.

l e c tu re h o u r c a m e w e l o ok e d f o r w a rd t o t h e m wi t h pl e a su re ,
’
a nd t h e y a lw a y s se e m e d t o o sh o r t Wh e re v e r D r Judd s na m e . .

w a s m e nti o ne d he a l w a y s st o o d a t the t o p o f t he p r o f e ssi o n a n ,

h o no r t o the S t L o ui s d e nti sts a nd the p rof e ssi o n a t l a rg e

. .

D R CONRA D
. I t w a s no t my pl e a su re t o m e e t D r Judd
—
.

u ntil a f te r I ha d b e e n in p r actic e f or se v e ra l y e ar s H e i m .

p re sse d o ne wi th his sup e r i or i ty a s a m a n I t i s of hi s c o nne c .

t i o n wi t h j o u r na li sm t h a t I wi sh t o sp e a k A s a j o u rna li st he .

ha s ne v e r ha d a sup e ri o r a nd f e w if a ny e qu a l s I t i s a c re di t
, ,
.

to S t L o ui s t o thi nk th a t w e a r e c o nt i nui ng i n t he w o r k a nd the

.

c oll e g e th a t he o rga niz e d I t d o e s u s h o nor to h onor him o n

.

thi s o cc a si o n .

D R A H F ULLE R
. . . O wi ng to my re l a ti onship to D r Judd
—
.

i t w o uld no t b e in g oo d t a ste t o e ul og iz e f a rth e r t h a n to say tha t

du ri ng the f o rty O dd y e ars t h a t i t ha s b e e n my g oo d f o rtu ne t o
-

k no w him wh e th e r a m o ng the b ro ok s a nd hill s o f O l d B e rk

,

shi r e t he p r a i r i e s o f I lli no i s the d r e a dful sc e ne s i ncid e nt t o the

, ,

c ap tu re O f V ick sbu rg the re l a t i o ns of a sso ci a ti o n i n the p ra ctic e

,

O f d e nt i stry a m o ng the m o u nta i ns O f C o l ora d o or o n his d e a t h

, ,

b e d he w a s a lw a y s t he sa m e qui e t ki ndly e a rne st h o ne st f e a r

, , , , ,

l e ss m a n l o vi ng hi s f a mily hi s c o u ntry hi s f ri e nd s a nd his pro

, , ,

f e ssi o n .

As m o st of y o u p re se nt are a w are he w a s o blig e d to giv e up ,

the p ra c t i c e o f d e nti st ry so m e t e n y e a rs si nc e o n a cc o u nt O f f a il
i ng h e a l th the re sul t o f to o cl ose a tte nti o n t o bu si ne ss a nd to his
,

studi e s .

H e a f ter w a rd s sp e nt o ne o r tw o y e ar s i n the S ta te O f I o w a ,

l ea vi ng t h e re a nd r e tu rni ng to S t L o ui s c o u nty o n a cc o u nt o f . .

the h e a l th O f hi s f a mily ; s i nc e which t im e he ha s sp e nt hi s su m

m e rs a m o ng the mi ni ng r e gi o ns O f C o l o ra d o a nd N e w M e xic o ,

residi ng i n o r ne a r A lt o n I ll H e re c o v e re d his h e a l th i n a
,
.

m e a su re a nd u nti l the d e v e l o pm e nt O f t he t ro ubl e whic h w a s

,

the c a u se O f his d e a t h ( c a nc e r O f the sto m a ch ) so m e e igh t e e n

m o nth s si nc e w a s f re e f ro m suff e ri ng of a ny ki nd
,
.

Fo r the p a st y e a r a nd a h a lf he ha s suff e re d c o nti nu a lly hi s ,

2 76 TH E AR C H I V E S OF DEN TI S TR Y .

suffe ri ng s g ra du a lly i ncr e a si ng u nt il a b o u t the fi rst of J anu ary ,

O f t hi s y e ar he w a s o blig e d t o t a k e t o hi s b e d
, H e w as .

ta k e n t o G e o rgi a t o a v o id the se v e r i ty O f the wi nt e r b u t gra d ,

u a l l y g ro wi ng w o rse he w a s b r o ugh t h o m e i n M ar ch gre w

w e a ke r a nd w e ak e r u ntil h a lf p a st th r e e on the morni ng of M ay
,
-

2 0th hi s spi r i t t oo k i ts fligh t

,
.

H e re ta i ne d hi s f a cul t i e s i n e v er y w ay up to the e v e ni ng b e for e

hi s d e a th H i s W ife a nd t w o d a ugh ters a r e l e f t t o m o u rn hi s
.

l o ss .

D R . H A PER wi sh tO add my mi te i n h o no r i ng D r J udd

R —
I . .

I f re ely se c ond al l t h at ha s b e e n sa id r e gar di ng his go o d qu al

i t i e s of mi nd a nd h e ar t I nt im a te ly c onne c te d with him a s a.

stud e nt a nd i n p ra c t ic e I f re qu e ntly ha d o cc asi o n t o a sk hi s

, ,

a dvi c e i t a lw a y s se e m e d a pl e asu re t o hi m to e xpl a i n a nd i n

st r uc t H is . J o ur na l i stics i n the M i ssou r i D enta l Journa l
“

h a v e ne v er b e e n e qu a l e d H e w a s highly h onor e d by the Am e r

.

i can D e nta l A sso ci at i o n .

B e i ng much Old e r th a n my se lf I a l wa y s l oo k e d u p to hi m a s ,

a f a th e r a nd f e e l t h a t I o w e hi m a d e b t O f g ra t i t ud e as do a l so

the Ci ty of S t L o ui s a nd the S tat e O f Mi sso u r i

. .

DECOURC E Y L IN D S LEY ,
’
R ee . S ec y .

RE S OLU T IO N PA S S E D B Y T HE S T L OUI S DEN T AL SO CI E T Y O N

S .
,

T HE DEA T H OF D R H O M ER JU DD . .

WHEREA S T he m e mb e r s O f t he S t L o ui s D e nta l S o ci e ty
,
.

h a v e l e ar ne d wi t h g re a t so rro w t h at d eat h ha s re m o ve d f ro m u s
o u r l o v e d a nd h ono r e d a sso ci a t e D r H o m e r Judd ; a nd ,
.

Wit erea s By re a so n of hi s gre a t nat u ra l a bili ti e s r ip e

, ,

s ch o l ar ship z ea l i ndu stry a nd i nt e gri ty he w as re c o gniz e d by

, , ,

the d e nt a l p ro fe ssi o n a s o ne O f i t s m o st i nflu e nt i a l m e mb ers ; a

m a n w ho d e v o te d hi s lif e t o t he h o nor a nd a dv a nc e m e nt O f hi s
p rofe ssi o n .

Whe rea s D u r i ng a l o ng p rofe ssi ona l life hi s re l at i o ns wi th

,

t hi s S o ci e t y h a v e b e e n such t h a t i t i s o ur pl ea su r e a nd du ty t o
r e c o r d o u r high a pp re ci a t i o n o f him th e re f ore
R esol ved Th a t by the d e a th of D r H o m e r Judd the d e nta l
,
.

p ro f e ssi o n ha s b e e n de pr iv e d O f one o f its m o st a bl e a nd u se ful

m e mb e rs o ne wh o se i nflu e nc e f o r go o d will live f ore v e r
, .
 SO C IE TI E S . 2 77

R eso vel Th a t w e e x te nd to his f a mily o ur si nc e re sy m

d,
pa thy i n th e i r g re a t b e re a v e m e nt .

R esol v ed Th a t a c o py o f th e se re solu t i ons b e se nt to t h e

,

f a mily of the d e c e a se d a nd to the d e nta l j ou rna l s f or public a

IV . H
AM ES . E ,

H ENRY F I S HER
A J PRO S S ER
. . .

Com m i ttee .

C HLORI D E OF MYTH I L SP RAY .

BROOKLYN ,
N E W Y ORK A p ,
r il 2 , 1 890 .

E D IT O A
R R C HIVE S
D ea r S ir —
m e e t i ng O f the B roo kly n D e nt a l S o ci e ty
At a ,

h e ld on M ond a y M ar ch 2i th 1 890 the f o ll o wi ng r e so lu ti o n

, , ,

w a s Offe re d a nd a d o pt e d
R esol v ed Th a t a c o py of the l ast se c t i o n O f the r e p ort of the
, ,

Ch a i r m a n O f the Cli nic C o m mi tte e re l a t iv e t o the chl or id e O f

mythil sp ray b e f or w ar d e d t o e a ch O f t he d e nta l j o u r na l s wi t h
, ,

t he re qu e st th a t t h e y publi sh t he sa m e I n c onsid era ti o n of .

which I h er e wi th encl ose a c opy o f sa id se c t i o n a nd si nc e re ly

, ,

tru st y o u will giv e i t S p a c e i n y o u r j o u r na l .

V e r y t r uly y o u r s ,
L OUI S SHA W S ee ,
.

A t a st a t e d cl i nic o f the B ro o kly n D e nt a l S o ci e ty h e ld a t 4 4 4 ,

Ful ton st re et B ro o kly n on M ond ay M arch 24 th 1 890 D r

, , , , ,
.

M L R h e i n re p e a t e d his cli nic wi th chl or id e o f my thil a nd

. .
,

sat i sfi e d a l l p r e se nt th a t he has sugg e st e d the m o st e ffi ci e nt a nd

p a i nl e ss a naesth et ic f o r se nsi tiv e d e nti ne ye t i ntro duc e d I t i s .

u nd o ubt e dly b e t te r th a n t he sp ra y f ro m a nit ro u s o xid e cyli nd e r -

w hich w a s d e scr ib e d a nd d e m o nstr a te d b e f o re the O d o nto l o gic a l

S o ci e ty i n N e w Y or k Y o u r c o mm itt e e t hi nk s thi s a g e nt o f so
.

much c o nsequ e nc e to u s a nd the m e th o d such a b o o n tO su ff e r

,

i ng hum a ni ty t h at i t sugg e sts th a t a c o py O f t hi s p ar t o f the r e

,

p ort b e se nt to al l the l e a di ng j o u rna l s th a t the m a tte r may ,

b e b rough t to the a tte nti o n o f the p rof e ssi o n i na p ro mi ne nt w a y ,

im me di ate ly .

I t has b e en p re vi o u sly d e m o nstra te d th at d e hyd ra ti o n pro

2 78 TH E AR C H I V E S OF DEN TI S TR Y .

duc e s anaesth e si a i n d ent i ne a nd th at spra ys g av e thi s e ffe ct

, .

B ut a l l sp ray s e xc e p t t hi s p ro duc e c o nsid e ra bl e p a i n T he .

chl or id e o f mythil sp ray a c ts so i nsta ntane o u sly th a t the p a i n i s

o nly a m o m e ntary sh o ck a t m o st a nd i s no t c om pl a i ne d o f by
,

the p a t i e nt I t may se e m t h at t hi s i s a stro ng re p ort f ro m y o u r

.

co mmi tte e b u t si nc e t he l ast cli nic y o u r c o mmi tte e ha s t h o r

, ,

g
o ughly i nv e st i a t e d thi s m e th o d a nd se e n i t sa t i sf a c tor ily de

m onstra t e d i n a l ar g e numb e r o f c a se s .

ATT EN TION I
SOU T HERN DEN TAL A O A T IO SS CI N .

A ll il roa d s c onne c te d wi th the S o u t h ern P a sse nger A sso ci a

ra

t i on the T r u nk L i ne A sso ci a t i o n a nd C e ntr a l T r a ffi c A sso ci a t i o n

,

w ill c a rry d e nt i st s a nd t h e i r f a mili e s to A tl a nt a G a a nd re t u rn ,

.
,

a t the r a t e o f o ne a nd o ne t hi r d f are f or the r o u nd tr ip

-

T O a v a il t h e m se lv e s O f t hi s Off e r f ull f a re m u st b e p a id at the

st a r ti ng p o i nt t o A t l a nt a a nd a c e r t ific a te se c ur e d f ro m t he a g e nt

a t t h at p o i nt O n t hi s c er tific a t e be i ng c o u nt e rsig ne d a t A tl a nt a
.
, ,

by the C orre sp ondi ng S e c re tary D r D R S tu bbl e fiel d the ,

. . .
,

a g e nt th e r e will i ssu e r e t u rn t ick e t o n t hi s c e r ti fi cat e a t o ne —

t hi r d fa re .

N B N O r e fundi ng O f fare can b e e xp e cte d b e cau se O f fa il

. .
“

u re of p ar t i es t o se cu re c e r t ific a t e s
”
.

TH E A NNUAL
MEE T IN G OF T HE I O W A S T A T E DEN T AL SO C IE T Y
w a s h e ld M ay 6th 7t h 8th a nd 9t h a t Dubuqu e wi t h a v e r y
, , , ,

l arge atte nd anc e a rid gre a t i ntere st .

T he l e c t u r e by D r Suddu t h O f Phil a d e lphi a o n Bl o o d illu s

.
, , ,

t ra t e d by the ste reo p t ic o n e xci te d public i nte r e st a nd d r e w a

, ,
.

l a rg e a udi e nc e .

Th e re w e re r e p re se nta t iv e s p r e se nt f ro m se v e ra l S ta te s C a li —

f o rni a K a nsa s Wi sco nsi n P e nnsylv ani a I lli no i s a nd Chic a go

, , , , ,

I( lli noi s no t b e i ng l a rge e no ugh t o c onta i n the wh ol e of the '

W o rld s F a i r ci ty) A ll f ro m a b roa d c ontribu te d th e i r full

’ .

sh are t o t he i nt e re st O f t he m e e t i ng A l arge numb e r O f de l e .

g ate s w e re e l e cte d t o re p re se nt the S o ci e ty a t E xc e l si or Spr i ngs ,

M O i n A ugu st ne x t
.
,
. I .
 SO C IE T IE S . 2 79

NE W J ER S EY ST A T E D EN T AL S O C IE T Y .

T he t w e nt ie th u l se ssi on O f the N e w J e rse y S ta te D e nta l a nn a

So ci ety w ill b e h e ld a t the C o l e m an H ou se A sbu ry P a rk ,

“
,
”

c o mm e nci ng W e dne sd ay July 1 6 th a nd c o nti nui ng th ro ugh , ,

the 1 7th a nd 1 8th .

T heS ta te B o a r d o f R e gi stra ti o n a nd E x a mi na t i o n i n D e n
ti st ry will c o nv e ne f o r e x a mi na t i o n O f c a ndid a te s 0 11 Tu e sd a y ,

July 1 5 th a t 1 0 A M H o te l ra te s will b e r e duc e d to

,
a nd
. .

p e r d ay Pro g ra mm e s will b e m a il e d to th o se a pply n

.

du ri ng Ju ne CHA S A MEEKER .
’
S ec y . .
,
.

C ONNE CTI C U T STA T E D ENTAL A SS O C IATION .

A t t he t w e nty —Six th u l m e e ti ng o f the C onne ct icu t S tat e a nn a

D e nta l A sso ci a t i o n h e ld at H a rtf o r d M ay 20th the f o ll o wi ng , , ,

o ffic e rs w e re ch ose n f o r t he e nsui ng y e a r P re s t C i v il ionFo ne s

’
, ,

o f B ridg e p o rt ; V i e e p r e s t E S G ayl o rd N e w H a v e n ; S e c '

-

, ,
. .

re ta ry G e o L P a r m e l e H a r tf or d ; T re as
,
. J o s H Smi th N e w
.
, .
,
. .
,

H a v e n ; E x e cut iv e C o mmi tte e : Ja m e s M cM anus H artfo rd ; ,

Wm H R id e r D anbu ry ; C C B ar k e r M e r id e n
. .
,
. .
,
.

DEN TAL SO C IE T Y OF T HE S T A T E OF N E W Y O R K T he fo ll o w —

ing o ffic e rs w e re e l e c te d f o r t he e nsui ng y e a r P re sid e nt W

W a lk e r N e w Y o rk Ci ty y V ic e P I e si de nt G L Cu rt i s
.
, .

“ D

Sy ra cu se N Y ; T re asu re r H C M iI ic k B ro o kly n N Y
.
,
. .
,

S e c reta ry F T V an W o e rt B ro okly n N Y : C O I I e spo nding

. . . .
, , , ,
. .

R
, ,
. . .
,
.

S e c re t a I
y O tt o l e ng u i B o a r d O f C e nS O I s l V V
nI C ars — —

N e w Y o rk ; 2 W m
.
, . .

J arvi e B ro o kly n ; 3 E C B a x te r— —

Alb a ny ; 4 W C ol gI o v c J o h nsto w n 5 S B Pa lm e i S n a
.
, . .

cu se ; 6 A M H o lm e s M O I I isv il l e ; 7 Fr a nk FI e nch R o che s

.
, . . ,

~
. . , ,

t e I ; S A P S o u t hwick Buff a l o
—
. .
,
.

CHI C AGO DEN T AL SO C IE T Y A t the a nnu a l m e e ti ng o f the .

—

Chic a g o D e nta l S o ci e ty h e ld o n Tu e sd a y A pI il the f o l , ,

l o w ing o ffi ce I s w e I e e l e c te d f o r the e nsui ng y e zI I z P i e side nt

J o h nso n FiI st V ic e P i c side nt C H T hay e I S e c o nd
,

C V N
V ic e P re sid e nt I A FI e e m a n ; S e c re t a A E B a ldwi n C O I
.
,
. .
,

-
'
f '

L E
.
, ,
. . .
,

I e spo ndin
g S e e i e ta i
y T G i l m e i T I e I I su I e I D Sw a i n
' H

L ib I a I i a n A W H I I l I n G e o H Cu sh i ng t o succ e e d h i m e l f
. .
,
. .
,

O I I the E x e cu tiv e C o mmi tte e

; C F I I a I t t E A R m c e a nd S
,
. . . . .

'

T L G ILM ER ( o r S ec y
. . , . . .

B P a lm e i B o a I d O f C e nsm s
.
,
. . . ,
'
. .
 C o l l e ge s .

UNI V ER S I TY OF M ARYLAN D D EN TAL D E PAR TM EN T , .

Th nnu l c mm nc m nt w
e ah ld t th Lyc um Th t a o e e e as e a e e e a re,

B al t im o re We d ne sd ay M ar ch 1 9th 1 890
, , ,
.

R e a di ng of M a nd a mu s by the D e an F e r di nand J S G org as ,

. .
,

M D D D S C o nf e r ri ng of D e gre es a nd A w ar d o f Priz e s by
. .
,
. . .
,

H o n S T e ackl e W a lli s LL D
. . P ro v o st o f t he U niv e rsi ty ,
. .
, .

A ddre ss to the Gra du a tes R ev E lb e rt S To dd D D Cl a ss ,

. .
,
. .

O ra to r H arve y E G l atf el te r
, . .

To ta l nu mb e r O f g ra du a te s 44 N umb e r O f m a tricul a te s f or ,
.

se ssi o n 1 889 90 1 3 5 -

, .

OHIO C OLLEGE OF D EN T AL S UR G E RY .

T h f ty f u t h nnu l c mm nc m nt f t h O hi
e or -
C ll go r a a o e e e O e o o e e

o f D nt l Su g y D nt l D p t m nt U niv
e a i ty f Ci nci nn t i
r er ,
e a e ar e ,
e rs O a ,

w ash ld t th Sc tt i h R i t C t h d l W d n d y M ch
e a e o s e a e ra ,
e es a ar

1 2 th 1 890 8 O cl ck P M
’
, ,
o . .

PRO A M C nf i ng D g
GR nd A dd
M J m L li E —
o e rr e r ee s a re ss, a es es e,

D D S A w di ng P iz
. . . P f H A Smi th D n f th ar r e s, ro . . .
,
ea o e

F cul ty Add
a R H w d A J h n t n Cl O t i n
. r e ss, ev . o ar . o s o . ass ra o ,

Willi m H VV n tta er e

B t G n l E x mi n t i n B A W igh t
. .

PR ZE W INNE I R S —
es e e ra a a o ,
. . r ,

P nn ylv ni
e sB t A tt i nm nt i n O p t iv D nti t y R
a a . es a e s era e e s r , us

se ll M C l n h n I ndi n c B t A tt i nm nt i n P th t ic
a a a ,
a a . es a e s r os e

D nt i t y A G H
e s rMichig n ,
. . e rr , a .

N umb f g du t 66 N umb f m t icul t 1 61

er o ra a e s, . er O a r a e s, .

DEN T AL DE PAR TME N T N OR T H W E S TE RN U NIVE R S I T Y T he fi rst .

—

a nnu a l g ra du a t i ng e x e r ci se s O f t he U niv e r si ty D e nta l C o ll e g e ,

D e nta l D e p art m e nt O f the N orthw e ste rn U niv e rsi ty o f Ch ic a g o ,

w ere h e ld i n c o nne c t i o n wi th t he m e dic a l d e p art m e nt a t C entral

, ,

M u sic H a ll o n A p r il 29th a t p m T he d e gr e e o f D o ctor

, ,
. .

O f D e nta l Su rg e ry w a s c o nf e rr e d up o n e igh t m e mb er s o f the

c l ass . JOHN S MAR S HAL L M D D ea n .

, . .
,
.

(o
 COLLEGE S . 81

UNI VER S I TY OF P ENN S YL VANIA , D E PART M EN T

OF D ENTI ST RY .

public c o mm e nc e m e nt h e ld Thu r sd a y M ay 1 1 890 a t

At a , , , ,

t he A m e r ic a n A c a d e my O f Mu sic the D e g re e O f D o c tor O f ,

D e nta l Su rge ry w a s c o nferre d by Willi a m P e pp e r M D ,

. .

L L D .P I o v o st up on t he f o ll o wi ng g e ntl e m e n a f te I wh ich a n
.
, , ,

a ddI e ss w a s de l i v e I e d by J Willi a m Wh i t e M D P rof e S S O I O f .

,
. .
,

Cli nic a l Su rg e ry
A ddi c k s H i n i eh r B r ak e , ’
G erm a y Kuse l G e org e C P hi l a d e l ph i a , P a .

J
,
, , .

B ar nard W m E S t i l l P o nd , M d L a ne as G S hi rl e y sb urg P a
k
.
, . .
, ,

L an e st e r F J L e i c e st e r E ng
. .
,

B ow m a n I r a C , L e b a no n P a .

k
, .
,

L e ar d N W T ry on P r i nce E d 1
, . . .

B ur e t , F S , S t orm sto wn, P a , . .

, ,
. .

L e e ch W m W P h i l ad el p hi a P a
. . .

C h e m l i n, W i l he l m , H a m b u rg , G e r
.
, . .
, ,

x
I
‘

’
.
L o h ofi M ori t z G i e sse n, G er .

m , ,
C l n t F d k G , O f o rd , P a
k L om b ard
e e r e
R M , C i e nf ue go s, C ub a
kJ k
. .
,

C oh n, A lf re d J , M i l au e e , W i s w . . .
,
. .
L ud w i c G , H o ne y B roo , P a
c w . .

C o m p t o n, J a s D , C h ur h t o n, P a
.
,

q v
. .

C o ut o , H e nr i ue S do R io de M c C ar tney , F M M e ad il l e , P a
J
f . .
. .

a ne i r o B r a z il
M a t t e n, H arry D , P o rt C l i nt on, P a
J fi
. .
.

C r o th er s,
~
E rne st , G re e n e l d , O
. . N o r t o n, D avi d A M a d i so n, Wi s
t i ck J
.
.
,

’
v
D a e np or t , K i rk A U ni o n, N Y . . O H ar a , Pa r P ar so ns, P a .

-D a e np or t , W m S , U ni o n, N
v Y . . . .
P r oc t or , G e org e S , P i tt sb urgh , P a
D e H a v e n, W W C h ur ch t o n, N Y w
. .

. . . .
P ugh , A b e L , P i tt st o n, P a
q
. .

D i l k , J S , R i o d e J a ne i r o , B raz i l
. . .

LD o e b b e l i n, C arl , B erl i n, G er m a ny R e H D
u a, R oeh e st e r N Y. . , , . .

o m i g , E d w L , P hi l a d e l p h i a , P a
.

R
D rosse l J O t t o , Z uri ch , S i t
. . w z .
. . .

D unn, W m C , M e a d i l l e , P a . . v . S a e az a , S a n G ra na d a , N i ar a g a c u .

’
S h e nna n, L S , E d i nb r gh S o t c
E a g a n, O w e n J F a l l R i e r , M ass v .
. .
. .

E m e r son, C A , B e l l e f o nt a i ne , 0 S ny d e r , C h as L , Fre e p or t , 1 11 . . .

S p e n er , W A , P l e a sa nt M t P a
. . .

Fa i r , D e l b e r t D , Fre e p or t , I l l
c . . . .

S t e e ns, F W , D a I t m ou th , N
v S
.

F ay e , C l e m e nt d e , G e ne a , S i t v w z .
w
S t e art , H T , G r e e n i l l e , M i ss
. .

v
. .

F ay e , E d ar d de w fi
.
“
. .

S t ory , H B , G re e n e l d , O hi o
.

Fe nn, G e o L L i t t hfi e l d , C onn
. . .

. . .

’
F i nl a y so n, A K , E di nb rgh , S o t c T ro u t , W i l l H L a n a ste r , P a c
V
. . . .

Fl o t z i ng e r , A , P i tt sb urgh , P a . . a l i e nt e , F P , S a nt i a g o , C ub a . . .

Free m a n, S te ar t , M i l t o n, N S co w . . W h i t m arsh , H D C ortl a nd t, N Y . .

Fre nc h , A r th ur T , O c al a , Fl a . . W i l l i a ms, G F B ri d ge p ort , C o nn . .

G e i l f u ss, E d A , M il w au k e e W i s . . . .
W ood , L B , N e w B e d f o rd , M a ss
. . .

G i r d w oo d , J no , E d i nb ’ rg h , S o t . c .
T ot al , 66 .

v
G ra e s, E d D , P hi l a d e l p h i a , P a
H a up t , JA J a ob , P i t t sb ’
.

rg h , P a
.

c
.

D e g re e s co nf e rre d J u ne 5 , 1 889
L owry v
. . .

H e i t m ii l l e r , K a rl , G o e t t i ng e n G e r .
S a m S , B rook i l l e P a
,
. . . .

H ol l y , S a b , P o r t a u P r i n e , H a y t i c R i b as, D P , P e l ot a s, B r a z i l
. . .

z
. .

H y a t t , L S C o nne l l s i l l e , P a v R u i , J , B og o t a , U S o f C o l o m b i a
k
. . . .
. . .

u ’
H ynd m an, G E , S herb roo e , C a n S a e r s, Fr e d k , P h i l a d e l p h i a , P a .

J ck
. . .

a so n H . N .
, C ol u m b us Wi s , . u
T h e n mb e r o f m a tr i cul a te s , se s

K e e ne r, G
I M org a V nt ow n W si o n 1 889— 90, 1 59

J
.
. ., . .
,
K nig h t , T B P P h i l a d e l ph i a , P a . . AM E S TR U M AN ,
D ea n .
2 82 A H E OF DE T TH E R C I V S N TI S R Y.

C HI CAGO C OLLEGE OF D EN T AL S URGERY .

Th igh th nnu l c m mnc m nt f th Chic g C ll g f

e e a a o e e e o e a o o e e o

D nt l Su g y D nt l D p t m nt f L k F
e a t U niv
r i ty
er ,
e a e ar e O a e o re s e rs ,

w ash ld t t h Chi c g O p
e H u M ch 2i th 1 890 D
a e a o e ra o se , ar ,
. r .

T W B ro phy D e a n O f the Co ll e ge sa i d t h at t he e x e r ci se s
. .
, ,

w o uld b e Op e ne d wi th a n i nv o cat i o n by the R e v D r E P . . . .

G oo dwi n A fte r D r G o o dwi n s p ray er a nd a mu sical numb e r

.
’ .

by the o r ch estra D r B ro phy re a d the a nnu a l re p ort of the C ol

,
.

l e ge i n which he sh o w e d its p ro sp e ro u s co ndi t i on Fro m t w o

, .

g r a du a te s i n t he fi rst y e a r t h e y ha d g ro w n u nt il to d a y t h e y
, , ,

ha d a cl a ss of six ty Th e y ha d be c o m e a de p art m e nt i n L a k e .

Fo re st Univ ersi ty and w ere p ro ud of it Th e n the d e gre e s ,

.

w er e c onfe rre d a nd the dipl o m a s a w ard e d by the f a c ul ty Wm . .

Ll oyd J one s D D S w a s the cl ass v a l e di c tori a n T he orch e s

,
. . .
,
.

t ra pl a y e d the cl a ss so ng P a p a s W e e G i r l a ne w lull a by
’ ”
,
“
,

w r i tten a nd c o mp o se d by F A G re e n which w a s l o udly . .

,

a ppl a ud e d T he f a cul ty a dd r e ss w a s d e liv er e d by D r A W

. . . . ,

H a rl a n I t was full of h a ppy id e as W C R ob e rt s D D

. .
'

. .
,
. .
,

LL D . Pr e sid e nt O f L a k e F orest U niv e rsi ty d e liv ere d t he

.
, ,

cl osi ng a ddre ss of the a fte rno on .

I n t he e v e ni ng t he A lum ni A sso ci at i on g a v e t h e i r e igth a nnu a l

,

di nne r at t he L e l and H o te l D r B ro ph y p r e sid e d Pre sid ent

,
. . .

W C R o b e rts
. . re sp o nd e d t o the fi r st t o a st
,
T he ,
“

U niv e rsi ty and C oll e ge wi th a h appy a dd re ss t h at ga v e ge ne ra l ,

sa t i sf a c t i o n D r E dmu nd N oy e s r e sp o nd e d t o t he t oast
. . D en ,
!

ta l E duc a t i o n o f the F u tu re T he G ra du a te a nd hi s R e l a t i o n
” “
.

to D e nt a l L i te ra tu r e w a s re sp ond e d t o by D r A W H a rl a n
”
. . . .
,

D e nta l L e gi sl a t i o n B e ne fici a l a nd D e tr im e ntal w a s re sp ond e d , ,

”
.

t o by D r C R E K o ch T he W o rld s E xp o si t i on a nd t he
’ “
. . . .

D e nti sts of Chic a g o w a s the subj e ct t o which D r L o ui s O ttof y ,

.

r e sp o nd e d T he P r o f e ssi on A b r oa d w a s r e sp o nd e d t o by
”
.
,

D r J A Sw ase y T he A lum ni A sso ci a t i o n f ell to t he l o t

” “
. . . .
,

Of D r T A B ro ad b e nt . . T he Cl a ss o f by D r F . . ..

D A x ton
. T he D e nt a l P ro te c t iv e A sso ci a t i o n by D r J N
.
”
,
. . .

C r o u se P o e m t o the Cl a ss O f
. by D r F A G re e n . . . .

P re se nta t i on O f c a ne to D r N D E dmu nd s by D r R B F ul . . . , . . .

l e r o n b e ha lf o f t he cl ass o f 1 890
.
.
.

D R TRU M AN W BRO P H Y D ea n . .
,
.
 S el ite ri el l .

W E b eg the i ndul ge nc e O f o ur c o ntributo rs f or the non

a pp e a r a nc e Of f a v ors i n o ur p rese nt i ssu e
’

E A T A M AY A R C HIVE S I n the l a st p ara gra ph p a ge 203

R R — —
,

f or p ro c e sse s 0 11 a r ticl e s r e a d P r ocesses or A r t i cl es , ,

.

A l so on p age 204 fi rst p ara gra ph f or C o mbi nati on T ooth

, , ,

a nd C r o w n C o re a d Com bi na ti on or the Tooth Crow n Co

.
, , ,
.

D R . N
S JE N KI N S OF DRE S D EN A v e ry d e lightful o cc a si on
. .
,
.
—

w a s the c o mplim e nt a ry di nne r giv e n a t t he L o tu s Club A p r il ,

2 6th to D r N S J e nki ns O f D re sd e n
,
. . .
,
.

T he d o c to r has b e e n a r e sid e nt d e nt i st O f D re sd e n f or the l ast

t w e nty fi v e y e ars a nd has so w e ll b e h a v e d h im se lf t h a t he i s
-

u niv e rsa lly l o v e d a nd re sp e c te d a nd , so much so th a t he w e a rs , ,

the r ibb o n of h o nor c o nf e r re d by r o y a l ty H e has Vi si te d hi s .

na t iv e l a nd t h r ic e si nc e his se lf b a ni shm e nt a nd i s no w d e ligh t e d -

to se e the w o nd e rful p ro g re ss i n a l l t h a t m a k e s up a g re a t “

nat i o n .

A ll who h a v e vi si te d D re sde n k no w wi th wh a t c ordi a li ty a nd

d e ligh t th ey h a v e b e e n w e lc o m e d by D r J e nki ns a nd it w as a .

h a ppy th o ught of D r K i ng sl e y to re p a y him i n ki nd . .

T he di nner w a s m o st d e ligh tfully se rv e d a nd t h o r o ughly

enj oy e d a nd i s o ne o f t he g re e n sp o ts i n lif e e v e r t o b e re m e m
,

b e re d .

I nfor m a l spe e ch e s w e re m ad e by D rs K i ng sl e y J e nki ns A t .

, ,

ki nso n D wi ne l l e W alk e r B ro ckw a y a nd S to ck to n

, , , .

Th e re w e re a l so p re se nt D rs L uck e y L e v e y M e e k e r L i ttig .
, , , ,

Pi nne y Mi rick a nd R e mi ng to n
, .
 m e mo r a m i .

HOM ER J UDD .

Di e d ,
hom e
at hi s
o s o i n A l t n I ll
Tu e sd ay M ay 20thn ,
.
, , ,

1 890 D r H o m e r Judd a g e d 70 y e ar s
,
.
,
.

D r Judd w as b or n a t O t i s B e r k shi r e c o u nty M a ss M ar ch

.
, , ,

2 9th 1 820 the so n O f A sa a nd A da Judd

— ’
D r Judd s f a t h er
,
. .

w a s a r e sp e c t a bl e f ar m e r a p r o mi ne nt ci t iz e n a nd r e p r e se nt e d
, ,

hi s t o w n se v er a l y e ars i nthe G e ne ra l A sse mbly O f M a ssa chu se tts .

’
H o m e r s e duc at i on w a s g a i ne d i n the c o mm on sch ool s of t he
neighb or h oo d a nd a t the L ee a nd W o r thi ng to n A c a d e mi e s In .

1 84 7 he gra du a t e d f r o m the B er k shi re M e di c a l C o ll e g e a t Pi tts _

f i e ld M a ss a nd st udi e d d e nti str y wi t h D r C o ne

, ,
. .

H i s st andi ng a s a st ud e nt b ot h a t the a ca de m ic s a nd a t col

,

le g e w a s e xc e ll e nt and the studi o u s ha bi ts O f hi s sch o o l d ay s

, ,

w ere m a i nta i ne d t h r o ugh li f e H e w a s a lw ay s a cl ose stud e nt .

,

e mpl o yi ng all of hi s l e i su r e h o u rs i n a cqui ri ng k no wl e dg e o f hi s

p r o fe ssi on and the a ll i e d sci e nc e s I n the l ater y e ar s O f hi s life .

b e re vi e w e d hi s G re e k a nd L a t i n st udi e s a nd a cqui re d a k no wl ,

e dg e o f the F re nch G er m a n Sp a ni sh a nd I ta li a n l a ngu a g e s a nd

, , ,

so m e a cqu a i nt a nc e w i t h t he S a nsc r i t H e p o sse sse d a r e m ar k .

a bly w e ll t r a i ne d mi nd a nd a r e t e nt iv e m e m or y which se r v e d ,

him w e ll a s t e a ch er a nd j ou rna li st .

H e c o mm e nc e d t he p ra c t ic e o f m e dici ne a nd d e nt i st ry a t
R a v e nna O h i o a t the e nd O f t hr e e y e ars he r e m o v e d t o S anta
,

Fe N e w M e xic o a nd w as t he fi rst e duc a te d d e nt i st to fill a t o oth

, ,

i n t hi s t e rr i t ory A f te r a sh ort stay he r etu rne d to O hi o and

.
,

sub se qu e nt ly m o v e d t o W arsa w I ll wh ere he p ra c t ic e d m e di ,

.
,

ci ne a nd de nt i stry f or t w e lv e y ear s For se v e ra l y e ar s he se r v e d .

o n the B o ar d o f Pub l ic Sch o o l s a nd f or o ne y e a r a s Sup e ri nt e nd

e nt .

I n 1 84 7 he b e c a m e a m e mb er of the I nd e p end e nt O rd er of
O dd F e ll o w s ,
a t R a v e nna O hi o p a sse d through ch a irs O f hi s
, ,
 I N M E M ORIA M . 2 85

l o dge a t W a rsa w a nd w a s ch o se n a s i ts r e p re se nta t iv e to the

G ra nd Lo dge wh ich me t a t Chic a go 1 859 .

I n M a r ch 1 85 3 he m a rr i e d M i ss E mi l y F H o dg e n O f Pi tt s
, ,
.
,

fi e ld I ll Th re e child re n w e re b orn to th e m o ne so n a nd tw o
,
.
,

d a ugh te rs T he S O I I di e d a t the a ge O f si x y e ars the tw o da ugh

.

te rs Mi sse s E m m a a nd M ary Judd a nd hi s wi fe su rviv e hi m

,
.

H e c a m e t o S t L o ui s i n 1 86 1 a nd e nt e re d the U S se r v ic e
.
,
. .

as a ssi st a nt su r g eo n o n the h o spi ta l st e a m e r r u nni ng to V i ck s

bu rg A f te r the b attl e o f Shil o h he o ff e re d hi s se r vi c e s a nd w a s

.

e mpl o y e d a s o ne O f the f o u r su r g e o ns ch ar g e d wi t h the c a re O f

f o u r hu nd re d w o u nd e d soldi e rs o n b oar d a h ospi ta l ste a m e r .

H i s l a bo rs i n thi s c o nne cti o n w e r e S O a rdu o u s t h a t his h e a l t h b e

c a m e imp a i r e d a nd he w a s c o mp e ll e d t o vi sit Mi nne so t a f o r r e st
a nd re cup e r a t i o n Sub se qu e ntly he w a s a pp o i nte d su rg e on to the
.

Forti e th Mi sso u r i V olu nte er s a nd se r ve d wi th th e m a t the b at ,

tl e s O f F ra nkli n N ashvill e a nd Sp a ni sh F o r t
,
Fo r so m e m o nth s .

a ft e r t he cl ose O f the w a r he r e m a i ne d i n t he se r vic e b e i ng ,

st a t i o ne d a t H u nt svill e A l a ,
.

I n A ugu st 1 865 he w a s h o no ra bly di sch a rg e d a nd r e t u r ne d

, ,

t o S t L o u i s a nd e nt e r e d up on the p r a ctic e O f d e nt i stry

. H is .

sci e nt ific k no wl e dg e O f hi s p r o f e ssi o n a nd the liv e ly i nt e re st he ,

t oo k i n i ts a dvanc e m e nt S O O I I r e c e iv e d re co g ni ti o n a nd pl a c e d
,

him i n the front rank a m ong the l e a di ng m e n o f the d e nt a l pro

f e ssio n H e re co g ni z e d t he p ositi on t h a t d e nt i stry w as o ne d ay
.

d e sti ne d to o ccupy i n re l a t i on to ge ne ra l m e dici ne a nd the im ,

p or tanc e of aff o r di ng t he stud e nt s a n Opp or tu ni ty f or ga i ni ng

such k no wl e dg e O f t he p ro f e ss i o n a s w o uld fi t th e m f o r the

a dv a nc e d p o si ti o n which he f ore sa w d e nti stry w a s so o n t o t a k e .

P ro mp te d by hi s z e a l f o r t hi s a dv a nc e in d e nt a l e duc a ti o n he ,

e nter e d h e a r tily i nt o the m o v e me nt f or the e sta bli shm e nt o f a

d e nta l c o ll e ge f o u nd e d O I I the b a si s o f a m e dic a l e duca ti o n T he .

r e sul t O f thi s m o v e m e nt o n t he p ar t O f D r H E P e e bl e s . . .
,

D r Judd a nd o th e rs w a s the o rg a niz a ti o n i n 1 86 6 of t he M i s

.
, , ,

so u r i D e nt a l C o ll e g e i n c o nne c ti o n wi th the S t L o ui s M e dic a l

,
.

C oll e g e b e i ng the fi rst d e nta l c o ll e g e to fo r m such a c o nne c ti o n

, .

H e w as a pp o i nte d to the ch a i r o f I nsti tu te s o f D e nt a l “

Sci e nc e a nd D e a n O f the c o ll e ge which p osi ti o n he fill e d f o r

,
”
,

S e v e ra l y e a rs H is f o nd ne ss f o r li te ra ry pu rsu i ts a nd his high

.
,
2 86 TH E A R C H I V E S OF DE N T T
IS R Y .

e st im a te of v a lu e
g o o d d e nta l j o u rna l a s a n e duc at or
the of a ,

l e d him t o f a v o r the e stabli shm e nt O f a d e nta l j o u rna l i n S t .

L oui s I I I 1 869 the Mi sso u r i D e ntal J ou rna l (ne w the A R C HIVE S

.

O F DEN T I S T RY ) w a s e st a bli sh e d wi t h D r H Judd a s e di tor in . .

chi e f I t wa s p e rh a p s i n t hi s c o nne c t i o n a s a j o urnali st m ore

.
, ,

t h an a ny o th e r t h a t the pr o f e ssi o n of t hi s c o u nt ry c a m e to k no w
'

him and r e aliz e hi s w o rth D e nt i stry ne v e r ha d a b e tter re pre .

se nt a ti v e i n t hi s d e p a r t m e nt A s a j o u r na li st a nd t e a ch e r he ha s .

ne v e r b e e n e xc e ll e d H i s h o ne sty O f pu rp o se u nt i r i ng z e a l a nd
.
,

i nde f atig a bl e l a b or f or the a d v a nc e m e nt o f hi s p rof e ssi o n has

b ee n r e w a r d e d by pl a ci ng him a t the h e a d O f t he p rof e ssi o n H e .

w a s h o no re d wi th t he high e st p o si ti o n i n the gif t o f the pr of e s

s i o n b e i ng u nanim o u sly e l e c t e d P r e sid e nt O f the A m e r ic a n D e n
,

t al A sso ci a t i o n i n 1 869 a f te r h a vi ng fill e d simil ar p o si t i o ns i n

,

l o c a l a nd st a te so ci e t i e s H i s l o v e f or sci e ntific i nv e st ig a ti o n l e d
.

him t o t a k e an a c t iv e p art i n the w or k of the A ca d e my of Sci e nc e

O f S t L o ui s O f which he w a s a n a c t iv e m e mb e r
.
,
.

F a ili ng h e a l th i n the l atte r y e a rs O f his life c o mpell e d hi m to

giv e up a l l li te rary a nd p r o fe ssi o na l w o rk sp e ndi ng hi s sum ,

m e rs i n o u t O f d o or pu rsui ts i n t he m o u nta i ns O f C o l ora d o .

H i s lif e w a s se r e ne a nd p e a c e ful a nd he di e d a s he ha d liv e d a , ,

Ch r i sti an R equ iesca t i np a ce

.
—
.

DM AN DR J . . HAR
Di e d Thu r sd ay M ay 2 2d a t hi s h o m e in Mu sc ati ne I o wa , , ,

i n his six ty fi f th y e ar D r H ar dm a n w as b orn i n C o lum

—
. .

bi a na c o u nty O hi o July 1 6 1 824 A f ar m e r s b oy a t the

,
’
, ,
.
,

a e o f fif te e n he e nt e re d t he C o tt a g e H ill S e mi nar y a t E ll s
g , ,

w orth O hi o a nd sub se qu e ntly f o ll o w e d the v o ca ti o n O f te a ch e r

, ,
.

I n 1 84 7 he c o mm e nc e d t he study O f m e dici ne i n the Offic e o f

D r P a r k e r C o lumbi a na a nd a t te nd e d m e dic a l l e c tu r e s a t Cl e v e
.
, ,

l and I n 1 850 he c o mm e nc e d the p ra ct ic e o f m e dici ne a t E lk

.

t o n O hi o
,
B e i ng c o mp e ll e d by an asthm a ti c tro ubl e t o giv e u p
.
, ,

the p ra c t ic e he t o o k up the st udy o f d e nt i str y

,
I n 1 85 5 he e m .

i gra t e d t o I o w a a nd c o mm e nc e d the p ra c t ic e O f d e nt i st ry i n ,

which he c o nt i nu e d up to the t im e of hi s d e a th H e to o k an .

a c t iv e p ar t i n t he f or m a t i o n o f the I o w a S t at e D e nta l S o ci e ty the ,

 I N M E M O R IA M . 287

or g a niz a ti o n o f which to o k pl ace i n his Offic e in 1 862 H e w a s .

a l so a n a c t iv e c O w o r k e r i n t he m o v e m e nt f or t he e sta bli shm e nt

-

O f a d e nta l d e p a r t m e nt o f the S t a te U niv e rsi ty O n t he p a ssa g e

O f t he d e nta l l a w O f I o w a i n 1 882 he w a s a pp o i nt e d 0 11
.

t he
b o a rd 0 1 S ta te D e nta l E x a mi ne r s which p o si ti o n he h e l d w h e n
, ,

T he O hi o C o ll e g e o f D enta l Su r g e ry h o no re d him wi t h
,

he di e d .

t he d e g re e O f i n re c o g ni t i o n O f hi s se r vic e s i n hi s pro
f e ssi o n T he g re a t i nte r e st he t o o k i n t he c a u se O f g e ne ra l cd
.

u ca ti o n w a s re c o g niz e d by t he ci tiz e ns o f Mu s c a t i ne by pl a ci ng
him o n the b o a r d o f pu bli c sch o ol s in which p o si ti o n he re n ,

d e re d i nv a lu a bl e se r vic e H is g re at l ov e f or the na tu ra l sc ie nc e s
p ro mp te d him to ta k e a n a c tiv e p art i n the Mu sc a t i ne A c a d e my
.

O f Sci e nc e o f which he w a s o ne o f t he f o u nd e r s a nd t o which he

D r H a r d m a n w a s u ni t e d i n m ar
, ,

w a s a v a lu a bl e c o nt r i bu to r
July 1 7 1 85 1 wi th Mi ss M a ry C F ar m e r d a ugh te r O f
. .

r i ng e

Wm Fa rm e r S a li ne vill e O f thi s u ni on the re w e re

.
, , , ,

fi v e child re n th re e O f t h e m su r viv e him M rs H E B a k e r O f

.
, ,
—

Mi nne a p oli s D r J o se ph H a rdm an a nd M rs S S M o r e h o u se of

.
,
. .
,

K a nsa s Ci ty I n t he d e a th of D r H ar dm a n his fa mily h a v e l o st

. .
,
. .

. .

a l o vi ng f a t h e r the c o mmu ni ty i n which he liv e d a n h o nore d a nd

,

e st e e m e d ci tiz e n a nd the d e nt a l p r o f e ssi o n a n a c t iv e a nd v a lu a bl e

c o w ork e r
-

T he symp a thi e s o f t he A R C HIVE S i s e x t e nd e d t o hi s

.

f a mily a nd f ri e nd s i n t h e i r b e re a v e m e nt .

M R WILL . F . C OOK
Di e d on Thu rsd a y M ay 22d a t M e nd o ta O h i o M r I Vil l F
C o o k S O I I o f D r E P C o o k a ge d 22 y e ars M r C o o k w as a
, , , , . .

ne ph e w o f D r Wm N M o rr i so n O f o u r ci ty
.
,
. . . .
,

H e c a m e to S t
L o ui s in the f all O f 1 888 a nd e nt e re d the Mi sso u ri D e nt a l C ol
.
. . .
, .

l e ge a s a st ud e nt I ll h e a l th f ro m which he ne v e r fully re c o v
.
,

e re d c o mp e ll e d hi m t o r e tu r n to hi s h o m e b e f or e t he cl o se O f
,

the se ssi o n H e w a s a g o o d stud e nt a nd b e l o v e d by a l l w ho

k ne w h im T he symp a thy o f the A R C HIVE S i s e x te nd e d to hi s
.
,

g ri e f st rick e np are nt s
-
.

M R S P AR S ON S S HA W
. .

O ur m e d c o ntr ibu to r D r P a rso ns Sh a w a nd f a mily O f

e ste e , .
, ,

E ngl a nd h a v e b e e n c a ll e d t o m o u rn t he d e a th o f a d e a rly
,

b e l o v e d wif e a nd m o th e r w ho di e d M ay 5t h 1 890 i n he r fi f ty , , ,

se c o nd y e a r W e e x te nd to th e m o ur symp a t hy i n th e i r sa d b e
.

I e a v e m e nt
'
.
 E rie f m en ti o n .

TH E . L OUI
PHO T O E NGRAVIN G C o 304 O liv e st re e t St
ST S -

.
, ,
.

L oui s do engravi ng f or al l ki nd s O f illu strat i ons T he ph oto .

e ngra vi ng O f D r Judd i n t hi s i ssu e i s a sa m pl e of the w o r k

.
, ,

t h e y do .

D W A DAR T M I L W AUK EE W I S ha s b e e n c alli ng o n

R . . .
, , ,

the d e nt i st s O f S t L o ui s i n c o nne c t i o n wi th hi s D e nta l Re gi s

.

t er i ng D ay B o o k and D e nta l L e dge r s Th e y ar e v e ry goo d

-
”
,
” “
.

a nd v er y p o pul ar b o o k s I n K a nsas Ci ty he so ld 24 l e dg er s . .

R ENE W IN Z N D I E S Wh e n the zi nc u se d f o r di e s
G I C FO R —

g e ts t h ick a nd u nsa ti sfa ctory pl a c e i t i n t he m e l t i ng l a dl e a nd ,

h e at to dull re d ne ss wh e n a t a bl e sp o o nful O f strong hyd ro ,

chl or ic a cid t h ro w n o n i t w h il st st i rr i ng wi th a stick or a n i ron

r o d w ill i nsta nt ly re nd e r t he zi nc p e rf e c t ly fluid a nd e qu a l t o
,

ne w m e ta l . FL E TC HE R .

CHI C AGO DE N T I S T S D R A : W H A R LAN Cosm os —

I co me . .
,

fr o m t h at se ct i o n of the co untr v th at ha s b e en d e no mi na te d t he
Wi ndy W e st a nd I w ant to say t o yo u th at w e h a v e i n th at ci ty
,

c o rre c t id eas a b o u t the p ra c tic e O f d e nt i st ry I f th e y h av e no t .

b e e n ta ugh t S O by the t e x t b o o k s te a ch ers or t he d e nta l j ou r , ,

na is t h o se i d e as are i nb o r n
,
W e ar e p ro f e ssi ona l m e n by .

i nsti nc t ; w e r e c o gniz e the id e a l a s c ontra ste d wi th the pure ly

m e ch anic a l .
”

MOU T H BREA T HING D R C N PEI R C E Cosmos

- — En . . .
,
°

l a rge d t o nsil s a re i nv ar i a bly the c a u se O f m o u th b r e a thi ng ; -

i nd e e d I h a v e r arg l y se e n a c a se O f c o nge ni ta lly e nl a r ge d t onsil s

,

wh ere the re w a s not with the d e ve l o pm e nt o f the p e r ma ne nt ,

t e e t h a d e e p na rr o w a r ch wi t h i nci so r s t o a gre a te r o r l e sser

, , ,

e x t e nt p ro mi ne nt S O f re qu e ntly i s thi s t he c a se t h a t I sh o uld

.
,

sp e a k O f the a b nor m a lly d e v e l o p e d j a w s a nd te e t h a s a co n

c o m i t a nt v a r i a t i o n .
 S UC C E S S O R TO

fi issouri D enta l Jo urna l , a l so Consol i da te d wi th N ew E ng l a nd Journa l of D e ntis try .

VOL . VI I .
,
N O . 7 J ULY ,
1 890 . N E W SERI E S
[ .

rei ns ei l tie n .

T HE S UP ERNUM ERARY AN D H Y P O N UM E R AR Y
T EE T H OF T HE HU M AN J A W W I T H ,

AP E N D E X RELA T ING T O T HE S O
C ALLE D D E N T I T I O CI T E D .

B Y P ROF D R B US C H . . .

T A S A
R N Y H
L EV N S W N G LI N
TE D B FO R J R T CK A A E , . J . . PA R I ,

B LLEV LE I L S E I L , L

T he d e nt iti o n of m a m m a l s i s so c o nsta nt th a t a sta te m e nt o f

the numb er o f t e e th a nd t he g ro up s to which t h e y b e l o ng i s a n
, ,

e xc e ll e nt i ndic a t i o n t o t he sp e ci e s t o whi ch t he a ni m a l b e l o ng s .

T he k no wl e dg e o f thi s f a c t l e d the z o o l ogi st i n the e a rly p a rt o f ,

thi s c e ntu ry to m a k e the typic a l to o th f or mul a s p ro m i ne nt

, ,

which w a s m o re p arti cul a rly b ro ugh t o ut by the e ff o rts o f D e

Bl ai nvill e Th e re a re o nly tw o cl a sse s o f m a mm a l s wh o se de n
,

t i ti o n i s so imp e rf e c t or so li ttl e c o nst a nt t h a t the re c a nno t b e a

se p ar a te t oo th f o rmul a m a d e f o r th e m Th e se a re the e d e nta ta .

( 289)
290 T H E A R C H I VE S OF DEN TI S TR Y .

a nd c e t a c e a Th e se g ro up s a r e a l so p ro te c te d by the c o v e ri ng s
.

o n the o u t e r s u r f a c e o f th e i r b o di e s which i s diff e r e nt f ro m ,

o t h e r m a mm a l s i n so much a s the e d e nta t a h a v e a c o v e ri ng o f

,

s c al e s o r a h o r ny c o a t o f m a il the c e t a c e a o n the o t h e r h a nd , ,

li v e a lm o st e nt i r e ly i n the w ate r and the h a i r o f th e i r S ki n ha s

,

t a k e n a fi shy c ha r a ct e r Si nc e i t has b e e n k no w n f or so m e t im e
'

t h a t the t e e t h a r e l o o k e d up o n a s o f the sa m e st r uc t u re a s t h a t
o f t he ski n i t i s as D a r wi n a sse r te d t h a t t he a bno r m a l c ha r a c
, , ,

t e r o f the c o v e r i ng o f t he b o dy o f t hi s g ro up o f m a mm a l s m ay
b e the c a u se o f t he v a ryi ng d e nt i t i on T he u nd e rstandi ng o f .

t hi s f a ct m ay b e stre ng the ne d thr o ugh the k no wl e dg e t h a t t h ose

m am m al s which p osse ss typic a l t ooth f or m s will h a v e d e vi a ti on ,

o f t h e m wh e n t h e i r S ki n i s d e p r iv e d O f i t s h a i r S O t he d og .

l o se s in the ha i rl e ss v a r i et i e s a s t he Chi ne se a nd J a p ane se th e i r

, ,

r e gul ar d e nt i t i o n ; a nd a l so i n m a n i s t h i s d e vi a t i o n sh o w n

wh e n t h e re i s an a b nor m a l d e v e l o pm e nt or wh e n the h a i r i s a l ,

t o g e t h er mi ssi ng a nd wi th t hi s th er e wi ll b e a dimi nu ti o n o f t he
,

sw e a t gl a nd s P ar ri e dt ( C er m a/n Jf onthl y of D enti stry 1 886

.
, ,

N o 2 24 ) ha s c oll e c t e d c a se s b e l ongi ng t o t hi s o u t o f the li te ra

.

t u re b e sid e s a ddi ng se v e r a l c a ses o f his o w n o b ser v a t i on .

N otwi th sta ndi ng the de nti ti o n of m a n i s so c onsta nt b arri ng

,

f e w c ase s o f a b nor m a l ch ar a c te r o f the ski n t h e re are st ill v a r i ,

a t i o ns i n the no r m a l numb e r o f t e e t h ; f or th e r e a r e c ase s of t O O

m any t e e t h a l so c a se s o f not e no ugh a nd t he c a se s ar e no t o f

r a r e o ccu r re nc e Th e se a r e f o u nd in m a n wh e n the ski n sh ow s
.

no d e v i a t i o n f ro m the no rm a l a nd the c a u se s t h e r e for e c a nno t

, , ,

b e t r a c e d to i t
Si nc e I ha v e had ch arge of the P ol ikl ini c of t e e th a nd dis
.

e ase s I h a v e ha d t he Opp or tu ni ty t o e x a mi ne a gr e a t numb er o f

,

m o u th s i n r e l a t i on t o the i r te e th and h a v e p a id p ar ti cul a r at te n

, ,

t i o n a s to t h e i r a no m al i e s I h a v e al so in the c o urse of t im e
.
, ,

c oll e c te d a numb e r of e x tra cte d t e e th a nd a l so qui te a nu m b e r ,

o f pl a st e r c ast s f r o m w hic h I wi ll a t te mp t t o ge t a f o u nd a t i o n
,

f o r t he c au se o f th e se i r re g ul a ri t i e s I w a s h e lp e d i n t hi s col
.

l e c t i on by m a ny d e nt i sts w ho se nt m e si ngl e c a sts b u t m o r e ,

p ar ticul arly th r o ugh D r K l e i nm a nn o f F l e nsbu rg f or which

.
, ,

c oll e ct i o n O f i rre gul a r i ti e s a nd di se a se d te e t h he had l a b ore d f o r

y e a rs and he has now giv e n i t t o the U niv e rsi ty of B e rli n I
,
.
 T RAN S LA T ION . 2 91

gl adly a cc e d e to the wi sh O f D r K l e i nm a nn th a t thi s v a lu a bl e .

,

c o ll e c ti o n b e k no w n a s the K l e i nm a nn s C o ll e c t i o n and h a v e
’
,
”

a di sti nct pl a c e i n t he c o ll e c t i o n o f t he U niv er si ty .

T he fi rst thi ng a b o u t the sup e r num e r a ry t e e th i s t h a t th e y a p ,

pe a r i n t h re e di st i nc t fo rm s na m e ly ,

1 A s pe g t e e th w i th c o ne S h a p e d c r o w n a nd ro o ts
.
,
-
.

2 A k no b lik e te e th with k no bb y c ro w ns a nd wi t h de e p i n
.
-

, ,

d e nt a ti o ns o n the sa m e .

3 A s te e t h which h a v e su ch a sh a p e t h a t th e y c a nno t b e
.

e a sily di st i ngui sh e d f ro m the r e gul ar t e e th Thi s l a st se t are .

so m e t im e s c a ll e d suppl e m e nt a l te e t h T he b o u nd a ry b e t w e e n .

th e se se p a ra te g ro up s i s no t a lw ay s di sti nct a nd th e re are ca se s

i n which i t i s h a r d to say to which t h e y b e l o ng O b se r v ati on .

ha s b e e n t a k e n f ro m the f o ll o wi ng m a te r i a l ‘

E r tr a cte d S agaer num er a ry Tee tl i .

T he c o ll e c ti o n o f U niv e rsi ty ,

K l e inm a nn s c o ll e cti on
’
,

T o ta l ,

Of t h e se 75 sup e r nu m e rary t e e t h t h e re a re

a . P e g t e e th
6 . Kn b o

0. O f th ose m ore o r l e ss nor m al sh a p e d ( of which i nci sor 1 3,

a nd c rippl e d m i ssh a p e n m o l ars 6)
,

T ota l , 75
l e ngth o f th e se te e th v a ry f ro m
T he cm to cm . .
,

wi th a v e rag e o f cm .

O f the 75 supe rnum erary 74 h a v e S i ngl e roots which a re ,

c ro wd e d o r c o mp re sse d l a tt e rly a nd o nly o ne which w a s t a k e n , ,

f ro m b e hi nd the i nci so rs o ut o f t he h a r d p a l ate ha d a m a rk e d ,

d e p re ssi o n sh o wi ng a n a pp e ndix ; ye t thi s wa s no t se p a ra te d

, ,

f ro m the b ody o f the ro o t By f a r the m o st o f th e se t e e th w e re

.

f re e o f di se a se th e re b e i ng o nly fiv e a tta ck e d by c a ri e s o f t h e se

, ,

t wo w e re pe g t e e th o ne a sup e rnum e ra ry i nci so r a nd t he t w o

, ,

o th e rs sup e r num e ra ry m o l a r s
,
.

O f th e se 75 o nly o ne w a s fo u nd in the de cidu o u s se t ; thi s ha d

,

the a pp e a ra nc e o f I I w e ll f o rm e d sup e ri o r c e ntra l i nci s o r

-

Al l, .

the o th e rs w e re f o u nd i n t he p e rm a ne nt se t .
2 92 TH E AR C HI V E S OF DEN TI S TR Y .

T he re cord p o si ti o n i s o nly c onne c te d wi th 4 7 of t h e se

of

te e th no ne o f t h e se w e r e f o u nd i n the l o w e r j a w b ut a l l f ro m ,

t he upp er a nd a s f o ll o w s
,

a . P e g t e e th f o u nd i n t he i nte rsp a c e b e t w ee n c e nt r a l i nci so r

( o f t h e se 1 6 a pp e ar si ngl e a nd o nc e 2 t e e th
, ) ,

I n the a lv e ol ae b or d e r i n the Vici ni ty o f t he i nci sor s o r i n ,

the sa m e r o w ( pe g t e e t h 8 k no b t e e t h 4 i nci sor s

, 23 ,

c I n Vici ni ty o f c a ni ne s a nd bicu spid s t h e r e w e r e no sup e r

.

num e r ar y te e t h f o u nd .

d I n vi ci ni ty o f m o l ar s which we re i n t he m a j or i ty o f c a se s
.
,

o n t he f a ci a l sid e and o nly a f e w c a se s o n the li ngu a l

,

sid e .

T o ta l ,

S up ern u m e ra ry i n P l aster Casts .

Pl a ste r c asts of sup e rnum e rar y ,

o f which 1 9 w e r e o f K l e i nm a nn s c oll e c t i o n a nd t h e se
’
,

w er e di v id e d a s f o ll o w s
O ne c ast fro m a chil d i n which t he l a t e r a l d e cidu o u s i n
ci so r o f th e upp e r j a w o n b o th sid e s w a s d o ubl e .

T he 38 r e m a i ni ng sh o w sup e r num e rar y t e e th i n upp er j a w

I n l o w er j aw

TI ME S
P e g t e et h b e tw e e n c e ntr a l i nci sor s
H ( 6
b e hi nd ( 6 CC

P e g, mbli ng k no b t e e t h in h ar d p a l a te i m m e di a t e ly
r e se ,

the u pp e r i nci so r s ,

Kno b te eth b e hi nd full numb er of front te eth ,

Kno b te e th i n pl a ce of m i ssI ng I a nd I 2 of upp e r j aw I ,

T ot a l , 18

S agaer nu m er a ry, ha v i ng f or m o
f u
pp er i nci sors, app ea r i n cast

Si ngl e su pe rnu m e r ar v i nci S o r i n 8 c a st s .

D o ubl e 3 c a st s .

11 c a sts .
 T RAN S LA T ION . 2 93

Sup e rnum era ry si ngl e i nci so rs a re f o u nd in 2 c a sts b e tw e e n

c e ntra l i nci so r a nd i n 6 c a sts b e tw e e n c e nt ra l a nd l a te ra l i nci
,

so rs a nd o f th e se 3 o f r igh t a nd 3 o n t he l e f t
,
T he d o ubl e sup e r .

num e ra ry i nci so r te e th ar e i n 2 c ase s 0 11 b o t h sid e s a nd t he 3

c a se s 0 11 the l e f t sid e has the sup e rnum e ra ry w hil e t he right i s ,

norm a l b u t o nly o ne o f t h e se l a st sh o w s the ch a ra c t e r o f a n i n

c i so r whil e the ch a ra c te ri st ic i s tha t o f a p e g t o o t h
,
Sup e r .

nu m e ra rie s cu spid s a nd bicu spid s a r e no t f o u nd in a ny of the

,

c asts .

Sup e rnum e r ary m ol ar s O f sm a ll c r ippl e d ch ar a cte r a r e f o u nd

, , ,

i n 4 c a st s o f t he upp e r j a w ; a nd o f th e se 1 o n the li ngu a l b e , ,

t w e e n M 1 a nd M 2 a nd 3 0 11 the bucc a l S id e b e tw e e n M 2 a nd M 3
, ,
.

O f the l a tte r 2 a re o n the l e f t a n

, d 1 0 11 the r igh t S id e T he 5 .
‘

c a st s o f the l o w e r j a w S h o w 4 c ast s o f a si ngl e sup e rnum e ra ry

i nci so r a nd o ne wi th 2 sup e rnum e rary i nci so rs
, .

’
S up er nu mera ry teeth i n the p hotogr ap hs f
o I f l ei nm a nn s
Col l ecti on .

TlME S

1 . P e g t o o t h i n i nte rsp a c e of u pp e r c e ntra l i nci so r

1 . h ard p a l a te ,
b e hi nd I 2 ,

2 . Kno b te e th in h ard p al a te ,

2 . Sup e rnum e ra ry bicu spid s i n l o w e r j a w ,

Total
We h a v e no w ga th e re d to g e th e r
E x tra c te d sup e rnum e ra ry te e th ,

P l a ste r c a st s ,

Ph otog ra ph s ,

T o ta l ,

F ro m thi s m a te r i a l the fo ll o wi ng ha s b e e n d e duc e d

T he d e ciduo us t e e th S h o w o nl y t w o c ase s o f sup e r num e ra ry
tee th of th e se o nc e t he sup e r i o r c e ntra l i nci so r W I I S d o ubl e a nd
, ,

o nc e t he l a te ra l Sup e r num e r a ry pe g te e t h h a v e ne v e r b e e n
.

no tic e d i n the d e cidu o u s se t a nd i t se e m s a s t h o ugh th e y ne v e r

o ccu rre d T he d e cidu o u s i nci so rs a re the o nly o ne s i n which

.

the sup e rnum e ra r i e s h a v e a s y e t b e e n no t i c e d

,
Th e se r e sul ts
, .

giv e e vi de nc e to the w e l l k no w n f a c t th a t the dEc /d uo us set a re

-
2 94 TH E A R C H I VE S OF DEN T I S TR Y .

m uch l ess l i a bl e to i r r egu l a r i ti es them the p erm a nent se t . T o t hi s

t h e re i s o ne xc e p ti o n and t h a t i s the fu si on o f t w o or e v en
e , ,

t h r ee i nci so r s i n upp e r o r l o w e r j a w Thi s o ccurr e nc e i s an e x .

c e e di n l
gy rare o ne w i t h t he p e r m a ne nt se t b u t wi th the de ci du
,

o u s se t , i t i s no t so r a r e .

O ut of c a se s of sup ernum erary te e th 90 l e a v e e v i

t he 1 1 7 ,

d e nc e a s to th e i r p o si ti o n i n the j a w ; a nd o f th ese 84 a re fou nd ,

i n the upp e r w hil e 6 a r e f o u nd i n the l o w e r

,
Fro m thi s i t can .

b e see n ho w gr e a tly the upp e r j a w su rp a sse s the l o w e r i n ha v

i ng sup e r num e r ar y t e e th A still f arthe r re m ark a bl e fa c t i s
.
,

t h a t the l o w e r ha s no sup e r num e r a r y p e g or k no b t e e th b ut in

e a ch O f the si x c a se s the t e e t h a r e w e ll d e v e l o p e d nor m a l typ e s
,

—
tw o h a vi ng f o u r Ca se s o f sup e rnum e r a ry i nci sors a nd t w o wi t h ,

p re m ol ars I n the upper j a w h o w e v e r t he pe g a nd k no b te e th

.
w , ,

f ar o u t numb e r t h o se of nor m a l typ e s i n a s much a s the f orm e r ,

a pp e a r fif ty t w o t im e s whil e t he l a tt er o nl y t hi rt y tw o
-

,
-
.

Of the e igh ty fo u r case s of the upp e r j aw te n are supernu

-

mcra r y m o l ars T he m o l ars h o w e v er ha d no t t he S iz e of a n

.
, ,

o r di nar y m o l ar a nd w e re no t cr o wd e d i n the a r ch b ut a pp e a re d
, ,

m ore as dw arf t e e t h wi th m o l ar sh a p e d cr o w ns which f or the -

, ,

m ost p ar t a pp ea r e d o n the bucc a l whil e in a f e w i nsta nc e s on

, , , ,

t he li ngu a l sid e of the no r m a l m o l ars I do no t b e l i e v e a w e ll d e .

v e l ope d fo u rt h m ol ar e v e r a pp e ar e d i n the m o u t h of a
E uro p e an ; but if so i t i s e x tre m e ly rare
, ,
.

I n t he r e gi on of the upp e r p re m o l ars a nd c a ni ne s th e re ap ,

p e ar no sup e r num era ry t e e th P e g t e e th v e r y se ld o m a pp e ar .

,

a nd a plu ra li ty o f w e ll f o r m e d p r e m ol a rs a r e o f v e r y r are o ccu r

-

r e nc e whil e t he plu ra li ty o f l o w e r sup e r num e rar i e s a r e no t so

,

i nfr e qu e nt in t he E u ro p e a n skull T he co ll e ct i on o f Kl e i n .

’
m ann s has a ph o to gr a ph o f su ch a c ase .

T he c a ni ne a cc o r di ng to the t h e ory o f b e i ng a c or ne r t ooth

, ,

c annot a pp e ar d o ubl e f o r if it did it w o uld no l onge r b e a ce r ,

ne r t o oth .Th e r e i s no k no w n too th f or mul a w hich has tw o ca

ni ne s . I n the c a se o f t he a nt e a t e r i t i s so m e t im e s v e ry ha r d to
—
,

di st i ngui sh which i s t he c o r ne r too th b u t in m o st m a mm a l s i t

sta nd s o u t p r o mi ne nt a nd di st i nc t I t w o uld b e v e ry sta r tli ng .
,

i nde e d if the c a ni ne sh o uld t h r o ugh i rre gul ar d e v e l o pm e nt

, , ,

a pp e ar d o ubl e a t e i the r o f i ts f o u r pl a c e s I h a v e ne ve r se en it .
 T RAN S LA T ION . 2 95

a nd d o no t c o ll e c t a si ngl e i nsta nc e in t he li te ra tu re o f a m e n
re

t i o n o f a c a se i n w hich th e re w a s a d o ubl e c a ni ne
,
T he p ri nci .

p al d o mi ni o n o f sup e r num e ra ry t e e t h o f t he pe
g k n ob or
, ,

typic a l v a r i e ty is ne a r t he sup e ri o r i nci so r a nd m o re p a r ticul ar ,

in t he ar ch as w e l l a s to w a rd t he h a rd p a l a t e w hil e t he l a bi a l
,

sid e o f the sup e ri o r a lv e o l a r b o r d e r i s ra r e ly t he se a t o f sup e r

num e ra ry t e e th O f the e igh ty fou r c ase s in the upp e r j a w

.
-

se v e nty f o u r b e l o ng t o t he fi rst na m e d si t u a t i o n
-
O f t hi s re gi o n .
,

the m o st f re qu e nt ly Vi si te d i s t he i nte rsp a c e b e t w e e n c e ntra l i n

c i so rs . I I I t hi s spa ce w e h a v e t w e nty se v e n si ngl e a nd t w o -

d o ubl e c a se s of peg tee th Si nc e in no i nstanc e c o uld I m a k e

.
, ,

a n a no to m i ca l e x a m i na t i o n o f the c e ll s I c o uld no t t e ll wh e th er ,

th e y w e re i n the r igh t o r i n t he l e f t o f the i nci siv e b o ne o r i n ,

t he su t u re b e t w e e n a s i ndic a te d by the t oo t h c ro w n
,
.

T he f or ty fi v e r e m a i ni ng c a se s sh o w e d t w e nty fi v e typic a l i n
— -

ci so r t e e t h which stoo d i n t he a r ch wh e n t h e r e w as r o o m In
,
.

f e w c ase s w e r e t h e r e t w o t hi s w ay a nd ne v e r m o r e o t h e r wi se
, ,

t hey sto o d b e hi nd the a r ch the t w e nty t h re e l e f t w e re p e g a nd

'
-

k no b te e t h in the h a r d p a l a t e wh ich numb e r o ne t w o or se ld o m

, , ,

t h re e i n a c ase T he k no b sup e r num e r ary te e t h h a v e a s re por t

.
,

e d by D r S t e i nb e r g e r a nd a l so giv e n i n the re p o r t of the A u s

.
,

tr i a n D e nta l S o ci e t y a tta i ne d e no r m o u s g r o w th
,
T he a lv e o l i .

Of th e se t e e t h i s p ro ba bly i n t he i nci siv e b o ne b u t i t i s h a rdly

p o ssibl e to k no w t he limi t of the sa m e in the livi ng subj e c t A t .

a l l e v e nt s t he i nci siv e f o r a m e n i n the m e di a l li ne i s t he p o ste r i o r

,

p o i nt O f t he i nci siv e b o ne a nd I do no t b e li e v e it p o ssibl e th a t

a ny o f t he a b o v e t e e th are pl a c e d p o st e r i o r t o t he f o ra m e n If .

thi s t h e o ry w o uld b e uph e ld by a no to m i ca l Ob se r v a t i o n i t w o uld ,

th e re f o re f o ll o w th a t the h a r d p a l a te se ld o m or ne v e r ha d sup e r
num er a ry t ee t h ; a nd i t w o uld o nly b e the a l v e o l a r b o rd er a nd the
i nci siv e b o nes of the upp e r j a w t h a t c o uld c a rry th e se te e th .

S tra y e d te e th o f c o u rse m a k e e xc e p ti o ns f o r in th e i r w a nd e r
, ,

i ngs t he y m ay r e a ch alm ost a ny p art o f the upp e r j a w .

(T o B E C ON T INUE D ) .

Sub sc rip ti o ns to the A R C HIVE S sh o uld b e a dd re sse d to D r .

D e C o u rce y L i nd sl e y 32 1 N G ra nd A v e nu e S t L o ui s M o
, .
,
.
,
.
 A S EP T I C AN D ANTI SE PTI C D EN TI STRY .

BY H LIFFOR D
. M .B O T ON M A
C ,
D . M D .
,
S , SS .

A se p t ic a nd a nti se p t ic su rg e ry S p e ci a l a nd g e ne ra l i s i nte r , ,

e st i ng if no t o f g re a t p ra c t ic a l imp o r t a nc e t o t he g e ne r a l d e nt a l
,

p ra c t i t i o ner T o the m or e c a re ful a nd p a i nst a ki ng d e nt i st the

.
,

s ubj e c t ha s c o nsid e ra bl e imp o r t .

My a tte nt i on to t hi s subj e c t w a s a w a k e ne d m o re t h a n e v e r by
t he v e r y i nt e r e st i ng a nd i nst ruc t iv e li ne o f e xp e r im e nt s co n
d u c te d by D r H L B urre l l a nd a ssi sta nt G R Tuck e r o f thi s
. . .
,
. .
,

c i ty a nd giv e n i n a p a p e r b e f o r e t he M a ssa chu set ts M e dic a l S e

,

c i e ty . T he d e duc t i o ns m a d e f ro m m o st e xc e ll e nt i nv e stig a
,

t i o ns Str uck m e as t h o se which sh o uld m or e di re c tly r e a ch t he

,

e a r s o f t he d e nt a l p ro f e ssi o n ; a nd as I h a v e se e n no re c o r d o f

s i m il a r e x p er i m e nt s i n a ny d e nt a l j o u r na l I r e so lve d to m ak e ,

N o t h a vi ng t im e t o e n
j

t hi s subj e c t the th e m e o f my p ap er te r .

:i nt o e xp e r im e nt s o f t hi s na tu r e my se lf o u will a cc e p t t h a t
y ,

wvhi ch i s e sp e ci a lly i nte re sti ng o r a pplic a bl e t o o ur spe ci a l ty .

O ur k no wl e dg e o f t h a t sci e nce which i s so succ e ssfully a idi ng

t he p r e se nt Op e ra t i ons o f e mi ne nt su rg e o ns i sno t e x t e ii siv e ; a nd
'
“

w e sh a ll p ro fi t i n no t i ng t he w o r k o f the m o r e a dv a nc e d sci e n
t i st s i n o u r O W I I ra nk s Bl a ck Mill e r Suddu th a nd m a ny
—
, , ,

o th e r s .

T he sci e nc e o f b a c te r i ol o gy fu r ni sh e s gre a t a i d t o p r a c tic a l

s u r g e ry a t t he p r e se nt t im e T he fu l l b e ne fi t o f thi s sci e nc e will
.

no t b e r e a liz e d u nt il sc ho o l s o f m e dici ne ( a nd I h o p e d e nt i str y

will b e c o nt i nu e d a s o ne of i ts sp e ci a l b ra nc he s) e duc ate t h e i r .

s t ud e nts i n thi s di re c t i o n a nd su rg e o ns b e c o m e m o r e f a mili a r

,

w i th b ot h t he p r i ncipl e s a nd d e ta il s o f t he w o rk .

* Be ad b ef ore t h e H ar v ar d c
O d o nt o l o g i c a l S o i e t y , M arch 2 7 , 1 890 .

( 296 )
 SO C I E T IE S . 2 97

A se p tic h e a li ng o f w o u nd w a s l o ng a go h e a rd o f F o rtu ne
s .

f a v o re d Op e ra ti o ns b y e xcludi ng o r d e stroyi ng t he g e rm s no ,

m a tte r w h a t p re c a u ti o ns w e r e ta k e n D e ta il a f te r d e ta i l ha s
. .

a r i se n ha d i ts d ay a nd di e d o u t
, ,
ch a nge s will c o nti nu e b u t b e ,

ne a th t hi s re sts t he f o u nd a t i o n which m o v e t h no t ; t he p r i nc i
pl es o f a se p t ici sm a nd a nt i se p ti ci sm Th a t so u r c e s o f c o nta m
.

i na t io n e xi st i n e v e ry d e t a il o f o p e ra t iv e su r g e ry i s s h o w n by t he

e xp e r i m e nts I qu o te e o
b l
I will fi rst m e nt i o n the re sul t of e xp e rim e nts m a d e o n the toi
.

l e t o f t he su rg e o n . T he m o st sc r upul o u s c a re sh o uld b e e x e r
c i se d i n p ro vidi ng f o r cl e a nli ne ss o f t he h a nd s I t s a pplic a t i o ns
.

t o us a s d e nt ist s i s no t so a b so lu t e ly ne c e ssa ry b u t will simply ,

S h o w ho w c a r e f u l a p e rso n m ay b e a nd y e t b e l o a d e d t o t he fi n

g e r t ip s wi th g e rm s N o t e t he f o ll o wi ng e xp e r i m e nts
.

A m an s l e f t h a nd w a s se l e c te d the na il s cu t a nd cl e a nse d the

’
, ,

h and vig o ro u sly sc ru b b e d wi t h so a p a nd w at e r w a sh e d wi t h ,

e th e r a nd i mm e r se d i n o ne t o o ne t h o u sa nd so lu t i o n
( 1 1 0 0 0 th) -

o f c or r osiv e subl im a t e I t w a s k e p t imm e r se d f o r o ne h o u r

.
,

re m o v e d f ro m the s ublim a te b a t h w ash e d w i t h ste riliz e d w a t e r

, ,

a nd a l a y e r o f g a uz e pl a c e d o n t he f ro nt a nd b a ck o f t he h a nd .

Thi s w a s c o v ere d wi t h ste riliz e d nu t ri e nt g e l a ti ne a nd o v e r th i s ,

’
w a s a ppli e d a n a nt i se p t ic d re ssi ng T he m a n s r igh t h a nd w as
.

t h e n cl e a nse d in the w ay a su rg e o n o f te n d o e s b e f o r e a n Op e ra
t i o n th a t i s by cl e a ns i ng t he na il s o f a l l vi sibl e di r t ; sc r ub
—
,

bi ng the h a nd wi th soa p a nd w a te r a nd imm e rsi ng it f o r a m o

,

m e nt i n a o ne t o o ne t ho u sa nd so lu ti o n o f c o r ro siv e sublim ate .

I t w a s r i nse d i n ste riliz e d w a t e r a nd t r e a t e d S imil arly to the l e f t

h and .

A h alf h o u r l a te r th e se d re ssi ng s w e re re m o v e d a nd cul tu re s

,

m ad e .T he l e f t h a nd t he o ne wi t h which g re a t c a r e w a s ta k e n
, ,

w a s a b so lu te ly st e r il e T he g e l a ti ne o f the r igh t h a nd the o ne

.
,

i n which t he cu sto m ary p re c a u ti o ns w e re ta k e n sh o w e d c o l o nie s ,

o f b a c te r i a m o re f ro m t he b a ck O f the h and th a n f ro m the

f ro nt .

T he re sul t i s striki ng a nd d e m o nst ra te s t h a t t he o rdi na ry w ay

,

o f cl e a ns i ng t he h a nd s i s i ne ff e c t u a l N a il b ru sh e s w e re e x a m
.

i ne d a nd f o u nd to b e s w a rmi ng w i th b a c te ri a .

A no tic e a bl e fa c t i n c o nne c ti o n wi th the a b o v e e x p e rim e nt is ,

2 98 TH E A R C HI V E S OF DE N T T
I S R Y .

th a t c orro siv e sublim a te m o m e nta r il y a ppl ie d i s no t a b so lu te ly

, ,

g e rmicid a l I t r e qui re s a l o ng e r t im e t o a c t i n t he stre ng th of

.

o ne t o o ne tho u sa nd t h a n has h e r e t o f o re b e e n e xp e c te d .

A S c o rro siv e su b lim a t e i s d e str uc t iv e t o i nstr um e nt s i t w a s ,

h o p e d hyd ro na ptho l which i s p e rf e ctly h ar ml e ss w o uld succ e ss

, ,

ful l y ste r iliz e th e m b ut i t w a s f o u nd to b e u nre li a bl e in t he e x

,

p e ri m e nt of a bulld o g f orce p imm e r se d six h o u rs i n a n a lc o

h olic so lu ti o n ( 1 t o c o mpl e te l iqu e fi ca tion f ro m the ge rm s
b e i ng the r e sul t I II a k nif e tre at e d t he sa m e w ay b e tte r re
.
,

sul t s w e re r e a liz e d t he k nif e b e i ng f o u nd p e r f e c tly ste r il e

,
.

E xp eri me nts by h e at we re m a d e a nd fo u nd to be v e ry efli ca ,

ci ons .

S te riliz ati o n by i nte rrup te d h e at l e a vi ng i nte rrup ti on f or de ,

v e l o p m e nt o f sp or e s i s a m o st c e r t a i n m e t h o d
, .

Bo ili ng u nl e ss i nte rr up te d , i s not a n a b so lu te m e a ns of ste r il

,

i z a ti on .

C o nti nu o u s h e at i s qui te e ff e c tu al .

A f e w i nstr um e nts a f te r b e i ng ste r iliz e d f e ll up on the fl oor

, , ,

a nd w e r e a ga i n e x a mi ne d a nd f o u nd t o b e c o v e r e d wi t h g e r m s
,

s ho w m
g the a t m o sph e re of t he r o o m a s w e ll a s the fl o or to b e , ,

f ull o f g e rm s .

A n e xp e ri m e nt on i nstr um e nt s by u si ng c a r b o li c a cid o ne t o
for ty subm e rge d f or o ne h o u r sh o we d b a cte r i o l ogic a lly to b e
, ,

li ttl e b e tte r t h a n t h o se not tr e a te d at a l l .

Exp e rim ents wi th ste a m w e re no t sa ti sfa ctory .

B a ki ng f or a f e w h o u rs g a v e c e rta i n re sul ts .

G re a t c are sh o uld b e e x e r ci se d th a t no ge r m s a r e r e ta i ne d
wi thi n a w o u nd O p e r a t iv e w o u nd s if p ro p e rly tre ate d are
;
, ,

a se p t ic a s i n t he imm e di a t e d e str uc t i o n o f a pulp

,
A ccide nta l .

w o u nd s are m ore or l e ss se pt ic a s i n d e a d pulp s of l o ng standi ng,

.

A nti se p tic d re ssi ng s a s carbb l iz ed o r b ora cic a cid and i o d o

,

f o rm c o ttons a re ra re l y ster il e
,
.

Ga uz e sat u ra te d wi th a te n per ce nt so lu ti on of glyce r i ne

,
.
,

d r i e d a nd b a k e d m a k e s a m ost p e r f e ct a se pt ic d re ssi ng if t hi s
,

sa m e d re ssi ng i s ch ar g e d wi th c orr o siv e sublim a te i t m a k e s a n ,

a dmi ra bl e a nt i se p t ic a b so r b e nt .

Th at ge r m s c o m e f ro m the ci r cul a tory sy ste m se e m s to b e ,

p ro ve n by a n e xpe r im e nt o n d re ssi ng s r e m o ve d f ro m a w ound

 SO C IE T I E S . 2 99

which ha d h e a l e d wi th o u t pus ; the o u tsid e l ay e rs h a vi ng no

ge rm s whil e t he l ay e rs imm e di a te ly in c o nta c t wi th the ski n
, ,

c o nta ine d c o nsid e ra bl e numb e rs T he g e r m s no t c o mi ng f ro m .

o u tsid e so u r c e s mu st c o m e f ro mwi thi n

,
.

A f te r co nsid e ri ng th e se e xp e r im e nts it see m s su rp ri si ng th a t ,

w e a s d e nti sts h a v e a ny thi ng lik e succ e ss i n t r e a t i ng di se a se d

m o u th s a nd te e th T he k no wl e dg e g a i ne d f ro m th e se e x pe ri
.

m e nts if c are fully a nd i nte llig e ntly a ppli e d t o d e nta l o p e ra tio ns

, ,

mu st h a v e i ts go o d eff e c t N e a rly a l l the o b se rv a t i o ns m a d e by

.

D r B urre ll sh o uld b e a ppli e d by d e nt i sts in t re a t i ng di se a se d

.

m o u th s e xp o se d a nd i nfl a m e d pulp s a nd i n fill i ng a nd t re a ti ng
, ,

ro o t c a na l s Th at a si ngl e o p e ra ti o n h e re to f ore p e rf or m e d by
.

d e nti sts w a s b a c ter i o l o gic a lly p ro phyl a c tic I si nc ere l y d o ub t ,

Anti se p tic p re c a u ti ons sh o uld b e m ore cl o se ly Ob ser v e d I .

h a v e b e e n i n the h a bi t of l a te of tr e ati ng al l f o ul t e e t h by the

, ,

m o st th oro ugh g er mi cid a l a pplic a ti o ns na m e ly c orro siv e suhli , ,

m at e 1 to 500 h e a t e tc a ppli e d wi th t he r ubb e r da m i n p osi

, , ,
.
,

ti o n .

A S the d o se of bichl o r id e o f m e r cu r y i nte r na lly a dmi ni st er e d , ,

r a nge s f r o m 1 30th t o 1 l 0th o f a g ra i n a nd b e i ng imm e di a t e ly

— -

,
’
a b so r b e d a nd givi ng no p o i so no u s r e sult s i t d o e sn t se e m po s ,

sibl e th a t a qu a nt i ty ne c e ssa ry t o a f o ul pulp or a b sc e sse d t o o t h

sh o uld giv e a n f e ar O f ill e ff e c t s

y I d o n o t r e c o m m e nd i t f o r .

a ny t hi ng b u t f o ul pulp c a na l s a nd th e n t o b e u se d wi th a k no wl ,

e dg e o f t he sig nific a nc e o f the d rug Wh e n no t u si ng t he .

bichl or ide as a b o v e I sy r i nge the r oo t c a nal s wi th a so lu ti o n o f

,

co rro siv e sublim ate 1 to d ry pump up hyd ro g e n p e ro xid e

, , ,

w ash wi th e th e r wh e n the o d o r i s no t Obj e c t i ona bl e d ry w i t h

— —

ho t a ir th e n a pply t he ro o t c a na l d ry e r which I c o nsid e r a t

, , ,

p re se nt the b e st m e a ns o f a ppl yi ng h e a t di re c tly to the r o o ts

, ,

k e e p t h a t i n t he c a na l s u ntil t he ro o ts a re p ra c tic a lly d ry th e n ,

I a pply a pl e dge t of co tto n m o i ste ne d w i th the o i l of p e pp e r ,

mi nt 0 1 d e liqu e sc e d c a r b o li c a cid a nd se a l up b e i ng c a re ful no t

'

t o plug the ro o t t o o tigh tly I re p e a t thi s a s o fte n a s I c o nsid e r

.

ne c e ssa ry wh ich i s ra re ly o f te ne r t h a n t wic e p e rh a p s t hre e

, ,

t im e s i nte rv a l s b e tw e e n such tre a tm e nt b e i ng a b o u t a w e e k o r

,

te n d a y s .

Wh e n the ro o ts a pp e a r to b e re sto re d to a h e al thful c o ndi ti o n ,

3 00 TH E A R C HI V E S OF DEN TI S TR Y .

I p ro c e e d t o fill wi t h o x ychl o r id e o f zi nc which if c are full y ,

a nd i nt e llig e nt ly a ppli e d m a k e s o ne o f t he b e st of r o o t fi lli ng s

, .

A ro ot th oro ughly ste riliz e d will not w he n fill e d wi th a goo d ,

‘

filli ng (e g o xychl or id e ) b e t ro ubl e d wi t h a n a b sc e ss O xy

. .
, .

chl o r id e i n a p art i a lly ste riliz e d r o ot wh e n i rr i tat i ng the p a rts

,

b e y o nd by i ts a ffini ty f or m o i stu re will re so l v e i tse lf w i th o u t

, ,

givi ng fur th e r tro ubl e I f pu sh e d th r o ugh the a p e x i t w ill

.
,

u nd o ub te dly g iv e tro ubl e f ro m i ts e sch a rot ic a cti o n wi th i ts ,

c o nse qu e nt e vil e ffe cts .

I t has b e e n sa id by V i sc ho w a nd o t h e rs t h a t the hum a n o r g a n

i sm m ay b e c o nsid e r e d a s a v a st b a ttl e fi e l d i n which t h e re i s a -

c o nsta nt c o nflic t b e t we e n t he c o m p o ne nt c e ll s a nd micr o orga n -

i sm s Di se a se O r i nhibi t i o n of t he c e ll s giv e s to the m

. ic ro
o rg a ni sm s a n o pp o rt u ni ty t o g a i n the a s c e nd e ncy
; d e str uc t i o n
of t he t i ssu e pu t r e f a c ti o n a nd pu s f or m a t i o n a re t he r e sul t s
,
.

’
Mill e r s e xp er im e nts ( I nd ep endent P ra e ti oner 1 884 a nd 1 885) ,

p r pv e o xychl o r id e wh e n fi rst mix e d t o b e a p o w e r ful a nt i se pt ic

, ,
.

I f i t d o e s it s w or k w h e n fi rst i ntro duce d i nto a ro ot canal a nd ,

p ro p e rly e xclud e d f ro m the a c ti o n o f the sa liv a a nd muc o u s o f

t he m o nt h i t c o m e s a s ne a r b e i ng a p erf e c t a nt i se p t ic r o ot filli ng
'

as a n
y m a t e r i a l w e h a v e a t o u r c o mm a nd T he o bj e c t i o n o f .

di si nte gr a ti o n c a nno t a pply to thi s m a te r i a l wh e n u se d a s a roo t ,

fi lli ng . Und e r a s e cu rel y t igh t ca ppi ng lik e a c o ppe r a m a lga m , ,

t he o nly w ay i n which di si nt e g ra t i o n c o uld t a k e pl a c e w o uld b e

t h r o ug h the a p e x by the ci r cul a t o ry sy ste m w hic h t o my mi nd , , ,

i s v e r y d o ub tful I n t e e t h wi t h l a rg e a pic a l f or mi na I w o uld

.
,

no t a dvi se the u se O f o xychl orid e a s a r o o t filli ng I ne ve r .

a t t e mp t t o fill ro o t s w i th t hi s p r e p a ra t i o n wh e n p a t i e nt s a re no t

i n t he b e st o f he al th p r e f e rri ng t o use a m a t er i al I c o u l d re m o v e
,

v e ry e asily a nd quickly if the c ase c all e d f o r i t

,
.

I ne v e r had o cc a si o n to r e g re t t he use of o x yc hl o rid e a s a

r o o t fil l i ng b ut o nc e a nd I m u st c o nf e ss i t w a s a sa d m i sta k e o r ,

a ccid e nt For the b e ne fi t of t ho se w ho I h o p e , h a v e ne v e r

.
,

e xp e r i e nc e d the sa m e r e sul t I will re l a t e t hi s o p era t i o n

,
.

I w as tr e ati ng f or ne u ralgi a E v e ry thi ng w a s c ondi t i one d

.
,

wi th the e xc e p t i on o f a l e f t sup e ri o r l at e r a l which had b e e n ,

fil l e d o n b o th t he m e si a l a nd di st a l a sp e c ts wi th l a rge go ld fi l l
i ng s d o ne by a r e p uta bl y g oo d o p e ra t o r a nd g a v e e v e ry i ndic a
, ,
 SO C IE T IE S . 3 01

ti o n o f b e i ng a p e rfe c tly h e a l thy to o th go o d c ol o r e tc U p o n , , .

fu rth e r e x a mi na t i o n ho w e v e r I f o u nd o n the gum a p o i nt

, , ,

which l o o k e d a s if i t migh t a t o ne tim e h a v e b e e n a fi stul a .

T he p a ti e nt a l so sta te d t h e re ha d b e e n o ne T he fi stu l a h a vi ng .

h e a l e d I w a s l o a t h to p ro b e i t so I p ro c e e d e d to e nte r the ro o t
, ,

c ana l s T he ro o t c a na l s p ro v e d to b e f re e f ro m a ny f o ul o d o r
.
.

I a ppli e d d re ssi ng s se al e d and ga ve the p a ti e nt a no th e r a pp o i nt

, ,

m e nt A t the ne x t a pp o i ntm e nt a f te r cl e ansi ng a nd u si ng the

.
,

cu sto m a ry p re c a u t i o ns I p ro c e e d e d to fill wi th my o xychl o r id e

, .

I notice d i t w a s ta ki ng m ore m ate r i a l th a n u su al b e ca m e cu r i ,

~

o u s i nv e stig a te d a nd f o u nd t he p ar ts i n the ne igh b o r h o o d o f

, ,

the cl o se d fi stul a which w as h e re t o f o re a pp are ntly nor m a l

, ,

b e trayi ng a di stu r be d c o ndi t i o n p ro b e d a nd f o u nd my o xy chl o ,

r id e pu sh i ng t o w a r d t he Op e ni ng I p re dic te d tro ubl e u se d my .

,

sy r i ng e a ppli e d o i l O f c a j upu t a nd t a nni c a cid h o pi ng to r

p e
~
, , ,

ve nt or c o u nte ra ct the e sch aro t ic a cti o n o f the o xychl or id e a nd ,

di smi sse d t he p a t i e nt te lli ng he r to c a ll 0 11 the m o rro w S he

, .

did so a f te r p assi ng a sl e e pl e ss nigh t T he p arts w e r e v e r y

,
.

m u ch i nfl a m e d a nd v e ry so re I n a f e w d ay s the i nfl a mm a t i o n .

sub sid e d a nd t he p a r t c orre sp o ndi ng t o the fi st ul a sl o u gh e d

, ,

which up o n b e i ng re m o v e d e xp o se d the c o ndi ti o n o f t he ro ot

, , .

F ro m its ch ronic c ondi ti on the l a bi al p art of the ro ot a s w e ll , ,

a s the a lv e o lu s o n t he sa m e sid e ha d b e e n c o mpl e t e ly di sso lv e d ,

o r a b so r b e d l e a vi ng sh ar p c or ne rs and ro ugh e dge s to c a u se

,

i rri ta ti on I w a s a t a l o ss to k no w wh at to do a nd so ugh t the

.
,

c o u nse l a nd a dvi se of o ur cx p re sid e nt D r B rigg s Suffic e i t —

,
. .

’
to sa y t h a t a f te r f o ll o wi ng his a dvic e the p a ti e nt s ne u ra lgi a
, , .

w a s cu re d .

I t w a s a l so ne c e ssary to b r i ng i nto r e qui si t i o n the se r vi c e s of

D r St o dd a r d i n b a ki ng a pi e c e o f gum p o r c e l a i n which p e r f e c t
.

l y m a tch e d the na tu ra l gum a nd no w a h e al thful l o o ki ng to o th

i s p re se nte d w i th a l l tra c e s o f ne u ra lgi a re m o v e d
, .

Si nc e th at t im e I h a v e o cc asi o na lly a d o p te d o th e r a nti se p tic

,

filli ngs f o r ro o t c a na l s O ne whi ch I so m e tim e s u se a nd c o n

.

sid e r a v e ry f a i r r o o t filli ng i s a c e m e nt m a d e o f ta nnic a cid a nd

,

a stro ng so l ut i o n o f gum b e nz o i n in a l c o h o l a nd e v a p o ra te d t o a ,

t hick c o nsi st e ncy I t m a k e s a re si no u s c e m e nt w hic h f o rm s

.
,

quite a so lid b o dy I h a v e a l so a ppli e d i t in d e e p se a te d c a ri e s

.
-

,
 TH E A R C HIVE S OF DE N T I S TR Y .

as a no n c o nduc to r
-
a nd astr i nge nt ,
b ut as it d ark e ns the t o o th , I
gav e it up .

I h a v e a l so u se d hy drona pthol cry sta l s h e at e d to a re si nou s ,

m a ss and w o rk e d i nto fi ne c a na l s a nd c o v e re d wi th coppe f

, , ,

wi th go o d r e sul ts I t i s e sp e ci ally a pplic a bl e to t e e th of the

.

lowe r j aw .

I I I c a ppi ng e xp ose d pulp s wh e r e I a m a f r a id o f i rr i ta t i on I

, ,

u se a sa t u ra t e d so lu t i o n o f hy d ro na p tho l o r li ste r i ne a s a g e r mi

c id e a ppli e d wh e n w a r m a nd c a pp e d wi t h p a p e r o r sh e e t l e a d
, , ,

wi th a c o v e r i ng o f c e m e nt p re f e ra bly o xy sulph a t e t he l atter

, ,

not b e i ng so h a r sh a s m o st o f t he c a lci ne d o xypho spha te s .

B e f or e cl osi ng the p ap e r I will m e nt i o n so m e o f the p o pul ar

a nt i se p t ic s o f t he d ay T he Vi r tue s o f c a r b olic a cid c r e o so te
.
,

a nd t he e sse nt i a l o il s a r e g e ne r a lly u nd er sto o d a nd nee d no w or d ,

h ere wi th t he e xc e p t i o n p e r h a p s of the o il o f p e pp e r mi nt which

, , , ,

i s o f l a t e a ttra c t i ng m or e t h an a p a ssi ng not ic e .

T he l a te st I nter na ti ona l M edi ca l A nnu a l i n sp e a ki ng o f the ,

o il o f p e pp e r mi nt sa y s i t i s re a dily diff usibl e

,
i s sup e r i or t o ,

i o do f or m i n t h at i t d oe s no t m a sk i n a ny w ay the Odo r o f a ny of
.

the di sch a rg e s I t p o sse sse s t he sp e ci a l p ro p e r ty of ch e cki ng

.

suppu ra t i o n i nd e p e nd e ntly o f i ts a nt i se p t ic a c t i o n
,
i s a s p o w er
ful a s b ut m o re p ene tra ti ng a nd diff usibl e t h a n c orrosiv e subl i
, ,

m a te i s a b so lute ly h ar ml e ss and i s c o nse qu e ntly the sa fe st a nd ,

b e st of al l k no w n a nti se p tic s .

T he p e c uli a r a c t i o n o r i nflu e nc e of i o d o f or m o v e r the p ro du c

ti o n of pu s i s no t a s ye t qu ite sa ti sfa ctor ily e xpl a i ne d and i t i s
, ,

sa id t o h a v e no g e r micid a l a c t i o n I ts Od or i s qui t e e no ugh to.

w a rra nt d e nt i sts i n a d o p ti ng so m e sub st i tu te .

C re oli ne the S O ca ll e d l at e st of the b e st a nti se pt ic s k no w n a

,
-

p r o p r i e t a ry p r e p a ra t i on o f t he c o a l t ar se r i e s r e se mbl e s v e ry ,

much a nd p ro b a bly i s the sa m e t hi ng as p ixine u se d i nE ngl and

, ,

f o r m any y e a rs ; i s u ni rr i ta ti ng a nd a ch e a p di si nf e c t a nt b u t _ ,

givi ng a n u npl e a sant or S h o ppy Od or to the Offi c e I t i s sligh tly .

a str i ng e nt

C opp e r a m a lg a m I a m i ncli ne d to b e li e v e i s a n a dmi ra bl e

.

, ,

a nti se p t ic filli ng a nd if j udici o u sly u se d i s a n imp o r ta nt a d di

“

, ,

t i o n to a ny o p e ra t i ng t a bl e .

By m e ans o f the r ubb e r da m a n Op e rat i on o n the te e th m ay ,

b e m o r e sa f e ly t re a t e d wi t h g o o d g e r micid e s .
 SO C IE T I E S . 303

T he liv a e j e c to r a l so pl a y s i ts p a rt i n c o nne c ti o n wi th cl e a n
sa

l ine ss i I r I I II o p e r a t i o n a nd sh o uld a l w ay s b e u se d wi th p a ti e nts

,

w ho h a v e di ff i cul ty i n s w a ll o w i ng t he sa liv a whil e t he r ubb e r

d a m i in pl a c es .

I V hil e i t i s a v e ry di fficul t thi ng t o a tta i n a b so lu te a ntise pt i

c i sm e t p ra c t ic a lly i t m a b e g a i ne d by a tt e nt i o n t o d e t a il s
, y , y ,
.

Th o ro ugh cl e a nli ne ss is I I p re v e nt iv e o f se p si s .

G e r micid e s w e ll a ppli e d i n suffi ci e nt qu anti t i e s or stre ngth

, ,

will i nhibi t the d e v e l o pm e nt o f a se pti c g e rm s .

DI SC U S S ION .

D R PO TT ER T o kill the g e r m s o f di se a se i s a p re tty se r i o u s

.
—

ta sk . I V e h a v e g o t by b e li e vi ng th a t a li ttl e d a sh o f c a rb o lic
a cid will kill a ny g e r m T he c are fu l e xp e r im e nt s wh ich a re no w
.

b e i ng m a d e i n l a b o ra tor i e s e xp e r im e nts which D r Cliffo r d ha s

—
.

j u st qu o te d mu st m a k e u s f e e l th a t the d e a t h o f a ge r m i s a
difficul t thi ng t o a cc o mpli sh B u t w e m ay a cc o mpli sh p ra c tic a l
.

se p t i ci sm if w e d o no t a cc o mpli sh p e rf e c t se pt i ci sm
,
T O nigh t .
-

I th o ugh t i t b e st to sp ea k of a f e w m eth o d s which I e mpl oy in

g e tti ng r id o f g e r m s W e m ay figh t g e r m s by the m e ch a nic a l
.

m e th o d o r by t he m e th o d of g e rmicid e s p ro p e rly S O c a ll e d I f
, ,
-

w e ca n r e m o v e g e r m s m e ch a nic a lly t h e n w e g e t rid o f t h e m ,

j u st a s su re ly a s w e do wh e n w e a pply t he g e r micid e t o kill

-

th e m I w o uld say th e n t h at a p ra ct ic a l p o i nt is to h a v e the

.
, ,

m e ch a nic a l m e ans o f r e m o vi ng g e r m s v e ry c onv e ni e nt A c o n .

v e ni e nt supply o f w a t e r i s e xc e e di ngly imp o r ta nt i n o u r w o r k .

I w o uld no t h a v e the supply of w a te r o ff i n a b a ck r oom or

e v e n a t a di st anc e o f t e n f e e t f ro m t he ch a i r if I c o uld h e lp i t ,
.

I w o uld h a v e it v e ry c o nv e ni e nt : b e cau se i f w a te r i s no t co n
v e nie nt i t will no t b e u se d f re e ly th a t i s hum a n na tu re SO —
.
, ,

th e n t he u se o f w a t e r a nd so a p wi th a sc r ubbi ng b ru sh I c o n
, , ,

sid e r a v e ry i mp o r ta nt if no t t he m ost imp orta nt m e th o d o f

,

d e a li ng w i t h g e r m s ; a nd I b e li e v e th a t t he w a te r sh o uld b e
a ppli e d a s r u nni ng w a te r wh ich will g re a tly a ssi st i n w a s hi ng
,

th e m a w a y I h a v e a n a rra ng e m e nt i n my o ffic e w hich

.
, ,

a l th o ug h t he p ri ncipl e i s no t a t a l l ne w the p a r ticul a r a ppl ic a ,

t i o n o f i t I h a v e ne v e r s e e n b e f o re I h a v e a n o rdi na ry se t b a si n
.
-

b ut i nste a d o f h a vi ng t w o f a uc e ts o ne a t e i th e r s id e f o r the ho t , ,
3 04 TH E A R C HIVE S OF DE N T I S TR Y .

a nd c o ld w a te r and wi th the o p e ni ng s d o w n l ow in the ba si n I

, ,

h a v e o ne fa uc e t which a rche s h igh a b o ve the b asi n a nd t h ro ugh ,

t h a t o ne f a uc e t the ho t a nd c o ld w ate r a re b o t h d e li v e re d T he .

st r e a m i s e l e v a t e d so t h at I c a n ge t a ny t hi ng u nd er ne a t h i t ,

givi ng m e roo m t o ge t a t al l p a rts of a n i nstrum e nt I m ak e .

l ib e ra l u se o f the scr ubbi ng b r u sh a nd so a p a nd j u st l e t on the ,

str e a m a nd sc r ub a w a y a t my i nst r um e nt s a nd r i nse t h e m i n

cl e an w a te r I n a ddi t i o n to t hi s I u se a fi v e pe r c e nt solu ti on
.
,
.

o f c ar b ol ic a cid pu tt i ng t h e m i n t h at a nd l e tt i ng t h e m st a y a s
,

l o ng a s I ca n A li ttl e da sh o f c a r b o lic a cid will not a ffe c t th e m

.

v e ry much : th e y sh o uld b e imm e rse d i n it a nd a ll o w e d to ,

r e m a i nf o r so m e t im e Pra c t ic a lly I i nte nd to do the m ost i m

.
,

o r t a nt w o r k wi t h the sc r ubbi ng b r u sh a nd t e pid w a t e r a nd so a p

p .

I h a v e b rough t h ere to night to S ho w y o u a tray which I

-

, ,

migh t c a ll a n ant i se p tic tray Surge ons h a v e wh a t t h e y c a ll

.

ant i se p t i c sci sso r s pli er s a nd so o n m e a ni ng th ere by i nstr u

, , ,

m e nts which are e a sily k e p t cl e an ; a nd f or the sa m e r e a so n I ,

c a ll t hi s a n a nt i se p t i c tr a y : a nd I w o uld lik e t o h a v e y o u e x a mi ne

it. Thi s tray i s m a d e e nti r e ly of m e tal a s y o u will se e and , ,

go es i nto an o r di nary b ra ck e t i n f a c t I to ok the w oo d e n t ra y

—
,

o u t o f my b r a ck e t a nd m a d e t hi s t o go i nto i t s pl a c e I t has .

t he a dd e d a dv a nta g e th a t t h e re i s no c ha nc e o f i ts sw e lli ng up
b e c a u se of the w e at h e r as a w o o d e n t ra y i s a pt to do
, T he .

m atte r of syr i ng e s has a lw ay s tro ubl e d m e th a t i s ho w t o k e e p

- —
,

t h e m se p t ic . Supp o se f o r i nstanc e w e a re sy r i ngi ng o ut so m e

, ,

p o ck e t wh e r e th e r e i s a c onstant di scharg e of pu s : how a re w e

t o cl e a nse o u r sy r i ng e b e f o r e u si ng a g a i n? T he o r di nar y sy r i ng e
i s p a c ke d wi th l e a th e r o r c o tt o n p a cki ng a nd i s c o v e re d o n the
-

i nsid e wi t h a gre a t d e a l of oil a nd the re f o re b e c o m e s v e ry diffi

,

cul t t o m a k e cl e a n I h a v e m a d e a c o upl e o f sy r i ng e s which

.

sui t m e v e r y w e ll a nd which I w o uld b e pl e ase d to h a v e o u

, y
e x a mi ne . T he y are m a d e by f or mi ng a t himbl e of pl a ti num ,

i nto the cl ose d e nd of w hich a fi ne gold t ubi ng i s i nse rte d a nd ,

o v e r t he o p e n e nd t he r ubb e r o f a m e dici ne d r o pp e r i s p asse d .

I t i s o fte n ne c e ssa ry t o ti e t he r ubb e r bulb a b o u t the pl a t i num

thimbl e . Th e se sy ri ng e s are c onv e ni e nt p o w e rf ul a nd r e a dily , ,

cl ea nse d T he m e ta l p ar ts of t he sy r i nge ca n rea dily b e m a d e

.

a se p t ic by b o ili ng ; a nd t he r ubb e r bulb ca n b e tre a te d i n the

 SO C IE T IE S . 305

sa m e w a y o r a f re sh o ne u se d wi th e a ch c a se H e a t i s t he m o st
,
.

re li a bl e s te riliz e r wh ich w e c a n u se : a nd I e mpl o y i t f re e ly up o n

e x t ra c t i ng f o r c e p s a nd o th e r i nst r um e nt s My m e th o d i s to b o il .

t he a r ticl e to b e ste r iliz e d f o r a n h o u r ; so m e i nstrum e nts c a n ,

h o w e ve r b e p a sse d th ro ugh the fl a m e o f a Bu nse n bu r ne r

,
.

DR . WERNER I a m pl e a se d wi th the to pic the e ssayi st

—

se l e c te d h a vi ng di st i nc t ly i n m e m o ry t he p r e vi o u s o ne w r i t t e n
,

by D r Po tte r E sse nc e o f p e pp e rmi nt has b e e n e xt e nsiv e ly

. .

ta lk e d up a nd e x te nsiv e ly u se d i n su rg e r y
,
I n G e r m a ny m a ny .
,

o p e ra ti o ns a re c a rr i e d o n i n which i t i s u se d e nt i r e ly a s a n a nt i

se p tic i n p re f e re nc e t o t he so lu t i o ns o f bichl or id e o f m e r cu ry
,

a nd w h e n D r B rig gs g a v e u s t he f o r mu l a o f t he t o o t h so a p a nd
.

to o t h p o w d e r i n which he u se s it i t se e m e d t o m e a dm i ra b l y ,

a d a p te d I a m of t he Opi ni on t h a t the e sse nc e o f p e pp er mi nt

.

i n t h a t t o o th p o wd e r i s the i ng re di e nt w hich i s of the m o st

v a lu e to u s T he to ot h soa p a nd p o w d e r I no w u se a nd re co m
.

m e nd c ont a i ns a l a rg e p e r c e nta g e o f t he e sse nc e of p e pp e rm i nt

,
.

C re o li n which i n g e ne r a l su rg e ry now i s q ui te e x te nsi v e ly

,

di spl a ci ng the m o re d ange ro u s a rticl e s o f c ar b o lic a cid a nd

bichl orid e of m e r cu ry i s a nt i se p tic non t o xi c a d e o d o riz e r a nd
, ,
-

di si nf e c ta nt a nd i s a nt i b a c te r i a l t o a n e x te nt p e rh a p s no t
,
-

, ,
'

e xc e e d e d by bichl o r id e O f m e r cu ry o r c a r b o lic a cid T o us .

d e nti sts c re o li n ( b e i ng a b solu te ly saf e no n p o i so no u s i ts Od o r

, ,
-

to the m a j o r i ty o f p a t i e nts no t v e ry o bj e c t i o na bl e ) i s b e tt e r
,

a d a p te d th a n c ar b o lic a cid o r bichl o r id e o f m e r cu ry O ne to .

t h re e d ro p s i n a gl a ss o f w a t e r m a k e s a pl e a sa nt d e o d or izi ng , ,

a nt i se p t ic a nd a nt i b a c t e r i a l m o u t h w a sh-

I t w a s fi rst m a d e i n -
.
.

Ge rm any f ro m wh e re o ur b e st a rticl e c o m e s it is no t a cid but

, ,

sligh tly a lk a li ne a nd sh o uld b e a thick d a r k b ro w n b u t t ra ns

, ,
-

p are nt fi u id I t d o e s no t i nj u re ste e l p o li sh o r nick e l pl a te

. .

D R TAF T
. I w o uld l ik e to a sk D r W e rne r i n wh a t stre ng t h
—
.

he w o uld c o nsid er c orrosiv e sub l im a te d a ng e ro u s to u se wi th o u t

the r ubb e r d a m .

D R WE R NER z Bichl o r id e o f m er cu ry mu st b e c o nsid e re d a s

.
—

b e i ng to o d a ng e ro u s f or u se i n the m o u th wi th o u t the use o f the ,

r ubb e r da m .

D R TAF T
. I c a nno t se e the ne e d o f u si ng it so stro ng wh e n
—
,

a w e a k e r so luti o n i s v e ry e tl e c t ua l
'

.
3 06 TH E A R C HI VE S O E DEN TI S TR Y .

D R WERNER I u se a nd lik e much p er o xid e o f hyd roge n

.
—
, ,

a nd a m o f t he o pi ni o n t h a t i t ha s e xc e ll e nt a nt i se p t ic p r o p e rt i e s .

I t i s no t a n e sch aro tic such as R o bi nso n s so luti o n ; d o e s no t

’
,

t aste no r sm e ll b a dly a nd ca n b e u se d full st re ngt h wi t h o u t the

, ,

r ubb e r da m .

DR UP HA M 1 I w o uld l ik e to a sk D r W e rner if he u se s
.
‘
—
.

c a rb o li c a cid i n t he D r B r igg s t o o t h p o wd e r . .

D R WERNER . T he p o wd er I u se i s m a d e fro m the f or mul a

—

of D r B rigg s e xc e p t t h at i t c o nt a i ns a l arg e r p e r c e nta g e of

.
,

p e pp e r mi nt .

D R UP HA M. I sho uld thi nk y o u w o uld l e a v e o ut the c arb o lic

—

a cid

D R G IL LE TT
.

. I w o uld lik e to a sk if a ny o ne ha s ha d a
-

t ro ubl e t ha t I f o u nd i n u si ng bichl o r id e o f m e r cu r y I h av e .

u se d i t v e ry li ttl e i nd e e d ; b ut a sh o rt t im e ago wi thi n six o r

, ,

e igh t m o nt h s I did a tt e mp t t o u se i t i n m y p r a c ti c e
,
I f o und a .

d ifii cu l ty i n o ne o r t w o c ase s which I c o uld not u nd e r sta nd An ,

.

a r t icl e a pp e a r e d so m e m o nt h s a g o i n o ne o f the d e nt a l j o u rna l s ,

I thi nk the A R C HIVE S d e sc ribi ng a c ase which c a m e ne arer t o it

,

th a n a ny t hi ng e l se I ha v e h ea r d of a nd w hich se e m e d t o b e a ,

p o ssibl e e x pl ana t i o n of the difficul ty I t w a s th ere state d th a t .

if bichl o r id e w e r e a ll o w e d to p a ss t h r o ugh the f or a m e n a n ,

i nfl a mm at ory c ondi t i on w o uld r e sul t which w o uld b e v e ry diffi ,

cul t t o re duce Th e re w e re tw o te e th i n o ne m o u th i n which I

.

f o u nd j u st that diffi cul ty a f ter h a vi ng u se d bichl or ide ,

.

I h a v e u se d bichl oride v e ry l i ttl e h a vi ng b e en i n the h a bit of ,

u si ng a s an a nti se p t ic t h at p re p ar a t i on which D r Cl ifford c on

, .

d e m ns i n hi s p a p e r i o d o f o r m I use i t in ne ar ly e ve ry pulpl e ss
—
.

t o o t h which I tr e a t I u se M et ca lf s D e odoriz e d I odofo rm

’
,

w hich i s simply i o d o f o r m w i t h a f e w d ro p s o f c o um ar i n a dd e d .

C o um ar i n i s t he a ct iv e p r i ncipl e o f the t onk a b e a n T he c om

'

bi nat i o n r e sul ts i n a n o d or simil ar t o t h at O f bi tter a lm ond s .

Wh e n you h o ld the b ottl e cl o se to the nose y ou ge t the i o do for m ,

o d o r b ut wh e n u si ng i t i n t he o r di nar y m a nner i t i s not a t a l l

,
,

di sa g re e a bl e a nd I Oft en h a v e p e opl e a sk me wh at t h at pl e asant

,

s m e lli ng d r ug i s t h a t I a m u si ng a nd a lm ost no o ne sp e a k s o f it ,

a s b e i ng di sa g r e e a bl e .

D R WE R NER . I t hi nk if D r G ill e tt will t ry cr e o li n he will

—
.
,
 SO C IE T IE S . 3 07

do a wav wi th i o d o f o r m Th e re i s so m e thi ng a bo u t i o d o f o rm
.

w hich i s v e ry di sa g re e a bl e to a g re a t m a ny p e o pl e a nd th e r e i s ,

a l so a s u spici o n th a t i ts a nt i se p t ic p o w e r s h a v e b e e n much o v e r

e st im a te d C re o li n is a gre a t d e o d ora nt a nd o ne o f the g re a t e st

.
,

a nti b a c te r i a l s i n t he N e w Y o r k h o spit a l s a l so i n t he M a ssa chu

se tt s G e nera l H o spi t a l i t i s t a ki ng the pl a c e of m a ny of t he

p re p a ra t i o ns u se d f or a nti se p tici sm I t i s sa fe e v e n in full .
,

stre ng th a nd ca n b e u se d wh e re i o d o f o r m
,
i n a m e asu re a nd , ,

bichl o r id e o f m e r cu ry to a c erta i nty w o uld b e c o nsid e r e d dan

, ,
'

ge ro ns I t ca n b e u se d by the su r ge on f or w a shing hi s h a nd s or
i

his i nstr um e nts i t w ill sto p t o o th a ch e f ro m e xp o se d pulp .

D R G ILLE TT
. I t d o e s no t se e m t o m e t h a t i o d o f o r m i s l ik e l f
—
I

to b e d a ng e r o u s u nd e r t he c o ndi t i o ns which w e u se i t T he .

r e aso n why I u se i o d o f o r m p e r h a p s r e qui re s a l i ttl e e xpl a na ti o n

, , .

A s D r W e rne r say s t h e re i s a diff e re nc e o f Opi ni o n a s t o i ts

.
,

a nt i se p t ic p o w e r s ; b u t I h a v e b e e n u si ng i t a lm o st e xclu siv e ly

f or ne a rly fi v e y e ars a nd e v e r y t im e I h a v e tr i e d a ny thi ng e l se

, ,

I h a v e g otte n i nto tro ubl e I u se i o do fo rm b e c a u se I fi nd i t So .

sa t i sf a c t o ry i n i t s r e sul ts I thi nk o ne of the v a lu e s of i o d o fo rm

.

i n pulp c a na l w o r k i s i ts p e r m a ne nc e ,
O ne o f the o bj e c t i o ns .
,

i n my Opi ni o n t o the O il of p e pp e r mi nt a s a n a nt i se p t ic d re ssi ng

, ,

w o uld b e i ts v ol a tili ty a s i t c a nno t h a v e a ny g re a t e ffe ct if it i s

g o i ng t o di sa pp e a r i n a sh o rt t im e Y o u c a n put i o d o f or m i nto
.

a c a na l i n such a w ay t h a t e v e n a f t e r the filli ng i s put i n i ts

, ,

i nflu e nc e will still b e fe l t I u se it i n su sp ensi o n wi t h glyc e r i ne

.

o r a lc o h o l .

D R CL I FFO R D
. I h a v e se e n a n a cc o u nt o f the o d o r o f the
—

o il o f p e pp e r mi nt re m a i ni ng a s l o ng a s i o d o f o r m .

D R G ILLE TT
. I m a d e a sta te m e nt c o nc e r ni ng i ts v o l a tility
—
,

which p e r h a p s I sh o uld no t h a v e m a d e so p o si t iv e ly I c o nf e ss
, ,
.

I do not k no w much a b ou t the o il o f p e pp er mi nt a s I ha v e ,

ne v er u se d i t ; but w e h a v e ha d i t sp o k e n o f t o nig ht a s a v o l a -

t il e sub sta nce D r W e rne r say s t h at i n the t o o th p o wd e r m a d e

. .

f or him he ha d t he o r igi na l p e r c e nta g e o f t he f o rm ul a qu a d ru

,

pl e d a nd ye t b e f ore he u se d up a ca n o f it t he O il of p e pp e r mi nt
, ,

ha d e v a p o ra te d so t h a t it c o nta i ne d p ro b a bly o nly the p re sc r ib e d , ,

p e rc e nta g e I f su ch w a s the c a se i t se e m s to m e th a t O il o f
.
,

p e pp e rmi nt i s a ra th e r v o l a ti l e sub sta nc e to e xp e c t p e r m a ne nt

r e sul ts f ro m .
3 08 THE AR C H I VE S OF DE N T T
I S R Y .

D R WERNER I ts v o l a t ili ty i n the p o wd e r i s much gr eate r

.
—

th an it w o uld b e i n a liquid fo rm .

D R G ILLE TT
. Whil e sp e a ki ng i n thi s w ay ab o u t i od ofo rm I
—
,

do not wi sh to b e u nd e r sto o d a s th r owi ng a ny qu e sti o n o n

cre oli n o r a ny o th e r a nt i se p t i c wi t h whi ch I a m not f a mili ar
,
.

I simply wi sh to sta te that I am in the habi t of u si ng i o d ofor m ,

a nd e v e r y t im e I t ry a ny t hi ng e l se I ge t i nto troubl e A f ew ,
.

y e ars a go wh e n i o d o l w as b ro ugh t fo rw ar d wi t h a fl ou r i sh of
,

tr ump e t s I b e g a n a t o nc e t o use i t
,
a nd I t r i e d to do wi t h i o d o l

wh a t I ha d b e e n d oi ng wi th i o d of orm I u se d it f or o ne p at i e nt . .

After c are fully cl e a ni ng the ro ot c ana l and pu tti ng in the i o d ol ,

I se al e d the ca vity a nd di smi sse d he r wi th i nstr ucti ons to rep ort ,

if she ha d a ny tro ubl e S he did not re p ort f or a w e e k or so

.
,

b e c a u se the tro ubl e w a s so g re at t h at S he w a s unabl e to ge t to

m y offic e B ut wi t h the i o d o for m my h a bi t i s t o cl e a n o u t the
.

c a na l pu t i n t he d re ssi ng a nd l e a v e i t f or a c o upl e o f w e e k s
, ,

w ith the e xp ectat i on of filli ng the root a t the ne x t si tti ng and I

fin d t hi s the m ost succ e ssf ul o f the v a r i o u s pl ans whi ch I h a v e
t ri e d .

DR BRIGG S : I so m e tim e s thi nk th a t p e r h a p s t h e re i s a

.
—
, ,

li ttl e mi sta k e m a d e i n se ar chi ng t oo much f or a ge rm icid e W e .

a l l k no w t h a t i t i s p r e tty h ar d w o r k t o kill g e r m s b u t if w e ca n ,

dilu t e t h e m a nd r e nd e r the b e d o n which th e y r e st u nc omf o rt a bl e

‘

f or th e m by cl e a nli ne ss & c w e r end er t h o se g e rm s u nfi t f o r

,
.
,

se r v me a nd th e y wil l b e t a k e n up by the bl o o d a nd c arr i e d o ff

,
.

I t i s a w e ll k no w n f a c t i n r e ga r d t o t he d rea df ul g er m o f sm a ll
-

p o x ,
t h a t t he h o spi ta l i s r e qui r e d to b e si x hu nd r e d f e e t f r o m a ny

o t h e r buildi ng O utside of th at limi t the ge rm s will not b e of

.

suffici e nt str e ngth t o tra nsmit the di se a se in o t h er w ord s —

,

a l t h o ugh the g e r m s will b e t h e r e t h e y a r e so dilu t e d so d i s

,
,

e r se d tha t i t i s imp o ssibl e t o t a k e t he di se a se S o I t hi nk i n

p ,
.

tryi ng t o ge t t h e se str o ng d r ug s such a s t he bichl o ri d e o f ,

m e r cu ry th at w e are l oo ki ng f or so m e thi ng th at i s no t ne ce s
,

sar y a nd the u se o f which m ay

,
p e rha p s b e atte nd e d wi th
, ,

so m e d a ng e r a nd t h a t if m or e a tte nt i o n w a s p a id t o the cl e a nl i

ne ss a nd i rr ig a t i o n which D r P o tt e r sp e a k s o f w e c o uld a lm ost

.
,

d o a w a y wi th a nt i se p t ic s D r B e a ch f or m e r ly u se d phe nyl e a
. .
,

p re p arat i o n w hich w a s a lm o st id e nt ic a l wi t h the anti se p t ic whi ch

 SO C IE T I E S . 3 09

D r . c p e a k s o f a s c re o li n D r B e a ch no w u se s sty ro ne
r ne r s . .
,

which he cl a im s i s t he b e st a nti se p tic a nd the sa fe st k no w n , .

I use i o d o fo rm o cca si o na lly a nd I find th at b e sid e s b e i ng , ,

a nt i se p tic i t a l so ha s a d e cid e d a naesth e t ic o r qui e ti ng p ro p e rty

, , ,

a nd will r e li e v e t he i nfl a mm a t i o n so m e t im e s a s no thi ng e l se will ,

a l th o ugh i ts o d o r has b e e n ra t h e r o bj e c t i o na bl e I fe e l th a t .

c a re ful a tt e nt i o n S h o uld b e p a id t o cl e a nli ne ss Th a t d o e s no t .

m e a n o f c o u rse d e stroyi ng t he g e rm s b ut by w a shi ng a w a y

, , ,

the g re a te r p o r t i o n o f t he m a nd r e nd e ri ng the p a r ts i n which ,

t h e y l ie a se p t ic t he p r o c e ss will no t go o n a nd the f e w t h a t are

, ,

l e f t will b e c o m e i ne rt f ro m sta r v a ti o n o r ta k e n up a nd p a sse d ,

t h ro ugh the sy st e m .

D R G ILLE TT . I w o uld lik e t o a sk if a ny ge ntl e m a n has ha d

—

a ny t ro ubl e wi th i nfl a mm a t i o n which b e j udg e d t o b e d u e t o t he ,

a ppli ca t i o n o f bichl o r id e o f m e i cu i y

D R C L I FF O R D z
. Re plyi ng to the q u e sti o n whi ch D r G ill e tt
— .

ha s j u st a sk e d I w o uld say t h a t bichl o r id e is r e a dily a b so r b e d

, ,

v e ry i rr i ta ti ng i n l arg e qu a nti t i e s b ut i s al so sa id to b e a stimu ,

l ant i n sm all qu a nt i t i e s by i ncre a si ng t he numb e r of r e d c o rpu s

,
’
cl e s I t sh o uld not b e u se d i n tre a ti ng child re n s te e th
. .

P
E S E N T A T IO N O F S P E C I M EN S
R .

D R WERNE R . I t i s se ld o m th a t I h a v e t he pl e asu re o f pre

—

s e nt i ng sp e ci me ns T o nigh t I h a v e o ne whi ch I a m e sp e ci a ll y
.
-

pl e a se d to b e a bl e to re p o rt I h a v e r e f e rre d t o it t wic e b e f ore

.

a t o u r m e e t i ng s a nd no w h a v e a n imp re ssi o n S h o wi ng t he p o si
, ,

t i o n o f t he c a vity a s y o u se e i t m ar k e d o n t he pl a ste r c a st .

Wh e n thi s te mp orary a ga t e c e m e nt filli ng ha d b e e n i n the m ou th

se v e n a nd ni ne y e ar s re sp e c t iv e ly I re p orte d i t to the So ci e ty
, ,
.

O n A p r il 1 6th 1 878 t hi s l e f t i nf e r i o r se c o nd m o l a r bucc o

, ,

c e rvic a l c a vi ty w a s fill e d wi t h go ld b e i ng a c o mp a ra t iv e ly sm a ll , ,

sh a ll o w c a vi ty no t a t a l l d e e p
,
T he p a t i e nt re p o rte d a f e w .

d ay s a f te r wi th a n a chi ng t o o th H e w a s qui e t e d w i th the sug

,
.

ge sti o n th a t it w o uld i n a l l p ro b ability sub sid e in a f e w m o re

, ,

d ay s B ut i nste a d o f sub sidi ng i t i nc re ase d a nd he a g a i n re

p o r te d M ay 1 4 1 878 wi th sub stahtia l l y th i s sta te m e nt : Pl e a se
,
.

“
, ,

t a k e o u t th a t filli ng o r ta k e o u t t he to o th T he g o ld filli ng
”
.
,

w a s re m o v e d th o ugh I w a s a lit tl e sk e p tic a l thi nk i ng th e r e w a s

, ,
31 0 TH E A R C HI V E S OF DEN TI S T RY .

a go o d d e al o f i m agi nat i o n a b o u t hi s to o th a ch e o n a cc ou nt o f ,

the c a vi ty b e i ng so sm a ll Th e re w a s st ill so m e p a i n a f te r the .

g old w a s t a k e n o u t b u t a n a pplic a t i o n of t he O il of cl o v e s
,

e nt i re ly subdu e d t he p a i nful c o ndi t i o n A t t hi s si tt i ng a nd .

d ate M ay 1 4 th 1 878 the c a vi ty w a s fill e d wi th o u t t he u se of

, , ,

the r ubb e r d a m the filli ng l a sti ng f r o m t h a t t im e u nt il F e b r u a ry

,

1 2 th 1 890 b e i n
, g t w e lv e y e ars l a cki ng a f e w m o nth s Du ri ng
, ,
.

t h at t im e i t ha d r e c e iv e d b r i sk b r u shi ng and th o u g h b e i ng ne ar , , '

th e c e r vic a l w a ll w as o nly o ne thi r d w orn o u t a nd w ha t w a s

,
-

l e ft w a s v ery h ar d H ow e v e r it of co u rse ha d to b e al l
'

.
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r e m o v e d ; a nd wh e n I sugg e st e d t h at a m ore p e rm ane nt filli ng

b e put i n he sa id h e w as willi ng to h a v e t h a t ki nd o f a filli ng

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t h a t ha d l a ste d t w e lv e y e a r s Thi s ci r cum stanc e a l one wi th .

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e x a c t r e c o r d s a nd d a t a ha s pl ease d m e so much t h a t I a m a mply ,

r e p a id f o r a l l the tr o ubl e i nv o lv e d i n k e e pi ng r e c or d s H er e .

w a s a c ase o f e x t re m e i nc o mp a t ibili ty o f g o ld a s w e ll a s a n ,

e x tr e m e du r a bili ty o f a c e m e nt filli ng t he lik e o f which I h a v e ,

ne Ve r se e n b e f o r e i n m y p ra c t ic e T he p a t i e nt i s a m a n now o f .

a b o u t fif ty y e a r s of a e ha s a h e a l t hy cl e a n m o u th a nd i s a n
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d e sig ne d by D r G e o S A ll e n o f N e w Yor k an . d he p r o mi se d
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t w o i nstru m e nt s w hich a r e cut o n t he c o nc a v e su rf a c e a r e v e ry ,

u se ful i nstrum e nt s T he ot h e r t w o a re not p art icul arly u se ful

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S UP PLE M EN T ARY RE P O R T ON S T ORAGE B ATTERI E S .

D R . GILL Th o se w ho w ere pr e se nt a t the S e p te mb er

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m e e ti ng will r e m e mb e r t h at in sp e a ki ng o f sto ra ge b a tter i e s I

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ch ang e d so m e wh at a nd I wi sh t o m ak e a c orre c t i on A b o u t
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 SO C IE T IE S . 31 1

t he fi rs t o f J a nu a ry I ha d pl a c e d i n the b a se m e nt o f the build

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i ng so m e g ra vi t y c e ll s simil a r to t h o se u se d by the l V e ste r n

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Uni o nTe l e g ra ph C o mp any a nd the v a ri o u s te l e ph o ne c o m p a u ,

i e s as so u rce s o f p o w e r a nd which a r e so simpl e i n c o nstr uc t i o n

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th a t a n o ffic e b o y o f o r di na ry i nte llig e nc e ca n giv e the m t he

ne c e ssa ry a tte nt i o n I t w as so m e t im e b e f o r e I a c t u a lly go t to
.

w o r k wi th the b a tte ry a s a so u r c e of p o w e r o n a cc o u nt of se v ,

e r a l li tt l e di ffi cul ti e s wi t h the b a tte ry i t se lf a nd a l so w i t lr t hc ,

m o tor ; b u t o n the 1 f th o f Fe b ru a ry I b e gan to u se a m ot or to

r u n my e ngi ne f ro m t he st or a g e b a tt e r y which I sh o w e d y o u , ,

which re c e iv e d its supply o f e l e c tr i ci ty f ro m fif te e n g ra vi ty

c e ll s I h a v e b ee n u si ng i t d a ily si nc e w he ne v er I ha v e u se d
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,

t he e ngi ne I h a v e a fe e li ng th at t h e re i s not qui te e no ugh

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p o w e r b u t i t i s w or ki ng sa t i sfa ctor ily I f e lt th at i n o rd e r to

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,

do the m a tte r j u st ic e a f te r h a vi ng m a d e the st a te m e nt t h a t I

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did in S e pte mb er I S h o uld ta k e t hi s o pp ortuni ty t o say th a t

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the b atte ry i s i n a f a i r w a y t o sub st a nt i a t e t h e i r cl a i m th a t i t i s ,

c a p a bl e o f r u nni ng a one e igh th h or se p o w er m o tor a nd m a k e s - -

a v e r y g o o d so u r c e of p o w e r f o r t h o se wi shi ng t o h a v e the e l e c

tr i c cu rre nt suppli e d t o t h e m a t r e a sona bly e c o no mic a l figu re s ,

i nd e p e nd e nt o f a ny suppl y st at i o n or str e e t W i re I thi nk f o r .

,
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d e nti sts use it i s c a p a bl e wi th so m e ch a ng e s a nd imp ro v e
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m e nt s and wi th the u se of a m o tor wh ich sh all e c o no miz e

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p o w e r o f c o mm a nd n the e l e ct r i c cu rre nt a nywh e re th at w e

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m ay w a nt to u se i t .

D R S T AN T O N z H o w m a ny stora g e c e ll s d o yo u r u n
.
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D R G ILLE TT
. Th re e b ut f or a ny o ne u si ng the e ngi ne m o re
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t h a n I d o a nd m a ny o f y o u w o u l d b e lik e ly t o a s I p r o b a bly
, ,

u se i t b e l o w t he a v e ra g e I w o uld re c o mm e nd t w e nt y g ra vi ty ,

c e ll s a s a sou r c e o f supply a nd f o u r c e ll s o f the stora g e b a ttery ,

i nste a d o f th re e ; a nd thi nk th at c o mbi na ti o n will p ro v e b e tte r

a d a p t e d f o r d e nti sts u se th a n t he o ne I a m ru nni ng
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.

D R S T AN T ON
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o ne e igh t h h o rse p o w e r
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 312 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN T I S TR Y .

y o ur en gi ne r un wi th an
y m o re e vid e nt p o w e r th a n it did a

m o nth a
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D R . G Th a t w o uld d e p e nd o n ho w much I w a s u si ng i t
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r a vi ty c e ll s w e r e g a i ni ng o n t he st o ra g e b a t te ry o r no t
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D R G ILLE TT. N o H L UP HA M
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. . .
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E di tor [Ja m a r d O dontol ogi ca l S oci ety .

M I SS OURI STA T E D EN T AL
A SS O C IATION .

T HE TWEN T Y IXT H ANNUAL M E T ING W LL B E HELD ULY 8

-

S E I J TH ,

9 10 AN D 1 I
TH ,
1 890 A T P ER T LE P RING
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W A EN B URG M O R R S ,
.

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e aci t i n t k pl u i n nn u nci ng th t w nty ix t h
sso a o a e eas re a o e e -

e e t i ng t o b e h e ld a t P e r tl e Sp r i ng s W a r r e nsbu r g M O
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nnu a l m , , .
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c o m m e nci ng Tu e sd ay Jul y 8th 1 890 N othi ng ha s b e e n l e ft

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u nd o ne t h a t w a s i n t he p o w e r o f the c o mmit te e to m a k e the

, ,

m e e ti ng b oth a ttra ct iv e a nd i nstruc t iv e ; the cli nic s will c o nsti

t u te a sp e ci a l f e a t u r e o f the p r og ra mm e .

T o the Old e r m e mb e r s o f the A sso ci a t i o n m a ny of wh o m ,

h a v e not b e e n i n a tte nda nc e o f l a te y e ars w e w o uld say thi s , , \

m e e t i ng i s i nt e nd e d to se r v e a s a re u ni o n a nd y o u are e sp e ci a lly ,

u rg e d t o b e p r e se nt .

T o t h o se of t he p ro fe ssi o n i n the S ta te w ho a re no t m e mb e rs
o f the A sso ci a t i o n w e e x te nd a c o r di a l i nvi ta t i o n to a t te nd a nd
,

u ni te wi t h u s i n t he go o d w o rk E v e ry re pu ta bl e d e nti st in the
.

S tat e o w e s it t o him se lf his p a trons a nd hi s p rofe ssi o n to a tte nd

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a nd a id i n buildi ng up hi s S ta t e A sso ci a ti on None are co m .

e l l e d t o a pply f or m e mb e r ship i n or d e r t o re c e iv e i t s b e ne fit s
p ,

so m a k e y o u r a r ra nge m e nt s t o b e i n a t te nd a nc e wh ethe r y ou ,

j o i n the Asso ci at i on o r not T o o ur b r oth e r d e nti sts i n o th e r

.

S tate s w e w o uld simply say : Y o u ne e d no a ssu r a nc e o f a w e l

,

c o m e f ro m Mi sso u r i her a r m s a r e a lw a y s o p e n t o
, y o u ; a nd to
a s m a ny o f o u as ma h o no u s wi t h y o u p e s nc e w e wil l
y y r r r e ,

e nd e a v o r t o m a k e t he Vi si t b o t h pl e a sa nt a nd p r o fi ta bl e .

R e duc e d h ote l r ate s h a v e b e e n a ssu re d a nd th o se d e si ri ng ,

 SO C IE T IE S . 31 3

ms
ro o v e d i n a dv a nc e will b e a cc o mm o d a te d by a dd re ssi ng
re s e r

Mr J . H Ch ri sto ph e r Pe r tl e Sp ri ngs W a rre nsbu rg M o

. .
, , ,
.

J F M C WILLIA M S . .
,

W L R EE D E r 0om . .
,
. .

W H BU C KLE Y . .
,

CLINI C S Thursda y J ul y 1 0th F ro m —

A M to 5 r M ,
.
—
. . . .

D r E N L a V e i ne K a nsa s Ci ty wil l m a k e a nd a dj u st a
. . .
, ,

b ridg e of t w o u pp e r c e ntra l s T he na tu ra l te e t h hav m g b e e n .

l o st by a c o mp o u nd f ra c tu re o f the j a w T he d o c tor will b r i ng .

his p a ti e nt wi th him .

D r S a mu e l A Mil to n o f Cli nto n O b t u ndi ng S e nsi t iv e D e n

. . .

ti ne wi th H ot V a p o r u sm g hi s H o t V a p o r A pp ara t u s ,
.

D r A J M c D o nal d K a nsas Ci ty ; C o h e siv e G o ld F illi ng s ;

. . .
,

h a nd m all e t .

D r Jas A P r ic e o f W e sto n ; E x tr a c t i ng T e e th a nd R o o ts ;
. . .
,

w o rst oa ses sol i c i ted .

D r . N
W P e nc e S t L o ui s G o ld F illi ng Op e rator to d o his
. .
,
.

o w n m a ll e t i ng .

D r F S M a nni ng V e r sa ill e s G o ld F illi ng upp e r c e nt ra l o r

. . .
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l a te ra l i nci so r wi th ligh t h a nd m all e t a nd c o h e siv e g o ld ( S S

,
. .

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Whi te s) .

D r J C G oo d r ich W e ntzvill e will fill a too th wi th A lum i

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num Fo il .

D r A J P rosse r S t L o ui s will pl a c e a c
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.
,

to o th w o r n o ff by ch e m ic a l a b ra si o n .

D r B Q S te v e ns H a nni b a l ; R o o t F illi ng
. . .
,
.

D r W M C ar te r S e d a li a ; C o h e siv e G o ld F illi ng
. . .
,
.

D r Jo s S L e to rd K a nsa s Ci ty will d e m onstra te ne w m o d e

. . .
, ,

o f c o nt ro lli ng e l e c tr i c m o t or .

D r J W H e ckl e r K a nsa s Ci ty will d e m o nstra te B ridg e

. . .
, ,

Work .

D r J M G ro ss K a nsa s Ci ty will d e m o nstra te G o ld C ro w ns

. . .
, , .

D r S V P ro v o st K a nsa s Ci ty
. . . G o ld F illi ng , .

S P E C IAL N O T I C E S I n ord e r th a t o p e ra to rs m ay no t b e i nco n —

v c m c nce d the sup e r vi so r re qu e sts th a t t h o se w ho a re t o giv e

,

cli nic s sh o uld p ro vid e th e m se lv e s wi t h such i nstrum e nts a nd

a pp a ra tu s a s i s c o nv e ni e nt f o r t h e m t o b ri ng w i th th e m a nd ,

t h a t e a ch m e mb e r c o m e suppli e d wi th m o u th mi rro r .

I) J M C MILLEN S up or r iso r . .
,
31 4 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN T I S TRY .

M e m b e rs of t he p ro fe ssi on w ho h a v e ne w i nstr um e nts appl i ,

a nce s c a se s o r a ny thi ng of i nte re st to t he p ro f e ssi o n are

, , ,

r e qu e st e d t o b r i ng t h e m so t h a t o t h e r s m a
y b e b e ne fi tte d , .

T he D e nt a l P r o t e c t iv e A sso ci a t i o n of the U ni t e d S ta t e s .

D e nt i sts w ho a r e no t m e mb e r s S h ould c o m e p r e p are d t o j o i n , .

$ 10 w il l p ro t e c t y ou
’
.

PA P ER S Pre sid e nt s A dd r e ss D r H e nry F i sh e r o p e ne d by

—
’
,
.

D r W E Tuck e r Bu t l er M o
’
. . . D r P r ic e s P a p e r P a ym e nt , , . .
—

of Du e s o f M e mb e r s a nd I mp o rt anc e of S a m e ; o p e ne d by D r , .

F S w a p B o onvill e M O D r Wm C onra d Pr e se rva ti on of

.
, ,
. . .
,

L oose ne d Te eth ; o p ene d by D r J F Mcw illi am s M e xic o M o . . .

, ,
.

D r B Q S te v e ns Py orr h oea A lv e o l ar i s Wh a t i s I t a nd H o w
. . .
,
—
,

t o T r e a t I t ; o p e ne d by D r J W Whippl e S t L o ui s Dr E . . .
,
. . . .

E Sh attuck Pr a ctica l Sugge sti ons ; o p e ne d by D r J E C rO

.
, . . .

zi e r L e e s Sum m i t M o D r W M C arte r The ori e s and

,
’
,
. . . .
,

Pra ct ic e ; Op e ne d by D r J T Fry M o b e r ly M o D r H S . . .
, , . . . .

L ow ery K a nsas Ci ty T re a t m e nt o f D e cidu o u s T e e th ; Op e ne d

, ,

by D r J B N e wby S t L o ui s D r I D P e ar c e Po p u l ar
. . .
,
. . . . .
,
’

D e nta l E duc ati o n op e ne d by D r G L Sh e p er d S e d ali a D r . . .

, , .

D J M cM il l e n U se a nd A bu se of Cro wn and B r idg e Wo r k ;

. .
,

o p e ne d h
y D r A J P r o sse r S t L o ui s D r Th e o Sta nl ey
. . .
,
. . . .
,

Ph oto Microg ra phi c S tudi e s i n D e nta l H i stol ogy ; Op e ne d by

,

D r J J R P a tr ick B e ll e vill e I ll
. . . D r C B H e w i tt Wh at
.
, ,
. . . .
,

Sh all w e do t o b e S a v e d ; o p e ne d by D r C H D ar b ey S t . . .
,
.

Joe .D r W H E a m e s H i st or y o f the Mi sso u r i S t a te D e nta l

. . .
,

A sso ci at i on D e ntal Prote ctiv e A sso ci ati on rep rese nte d by

.
,

D r Wm C o nra d S t L o ui s
. .
,
. .

RAI LROA D RA T E S T he foll o wi ng ra il ro a d s will se ll r et u rn —

t ick e ts f or o ne t hi r d f a re o n t he c er t ific a t e pl a n : Chic a g o

-

A l to n ; C hic a go M ilw a uk e e S t Pa ul ; C hic a g o R o ck I sl and

,
.
,

P a cific ; Chic a go S t P a ul K ansa s Ci ty ; H a nnib al S t ,

. .

J o e ; K a nsas Ci ty S t J o e C o u ncil Bluffs ; W a b ash and M is ,

.

so u r i K a nsas
,
Te x a s .

T o ge t the b e ne fi t o f t hi s r e duc t i o n d e nt i sts wi th o u t re g ar d , ,

t o b e i ng m e mb e r s o f the A sso ci a t i o n d e si r i ng t o a tt e nd o u r ,

m e e t i ng mu st c o mply wi t h the i nstr uc t i o ns of the c o mp any

,

a nd pu r ch a se l o c a l t ick e ts o v e r e a ch li ne not t/ z rou it t i ckets a nd

g , ,

e t a r e c e ip t o r c e r t ific a t e p r o p e rly fill e d o u t a nd sig ne d by

g
 SO C I E T IE S . 315

a g e nt a t sta r ti ng p o i nt a nd j u nc ti on p o i nt o n e a ch li ne whi ch ,

re c e ip t mu st b e c o u nte rsig ne d by J o hn G H a rp e r R e c o rdi ng

. .
,

S e c re ta ry O f t he Mi sso u r i S ta te D e nta l A sso ci a ti o n a nd i t will ,

be h o no re d o n t he r e tu r n t ick e t a t t he r e duc e d ra t e .

T he Mi sso u r i P a cific has sp e ci a l r o u nd t r ip summ e r to u r i st —

ra te s wh ich ca n b e se cu re d f ro m y o u r l o c a l a g e nt o r a t j u nc t i o n
, ,

wh e r e o ne c h a ng e s to thi s li ne G e t ro u nd t rip t ick e t if p o ssibl e

.
-

,
.

DEN TAL D E P O T s T he K a nsa s Ci ty D e nta l a nd Su rgic a l

.
—

D e p o t a nd the S t L o ui s D e ntal M a nuf a ctu r i ng C o mp a ny will

,
.

m a k e t h e i r u su a l e l e ga nt di spl a y s S S Whi te D e nta l M a nu. . .

f a c tu ri ng C O will di spl ay sp e ci a l ti e s
. .

H O TEL R A T E S T wo d o ll ars per day —

.

D EN T AL P RO T E CT I V E A SS O C IA TION .

R esol v ed , Th a t the Mi chigan D e nt l A ci ti n h

a sso a o e ar tily a p
p ro v e s the a im a nd a pl an of t he D e
ro e e nt l P t ctiv A sso ci a t i o n

and t h a t i t i s fu r th e r

R esol v ed Th a t it i s t he du ty of e v e ry m e mb e r of the d e nt a l
,

p ro fe ssi o n i n t hi s S ta te t o j o i n the D e nta l P r ote ct iv e A sso ci a ti on .

I t i s a l so r esol v ed Th at D r C ro u se b e r e qu e st e d to fu r ni sh
,
.

the d e nta l j o u rna l s wi th a n a b st ra ct o f hi s r e m ar k s f or public a

ti on . W H DO R R AN C E . .
,

N D SA N D ERS . .
,

D OUGLA S ,

Com m i ttee .

At m e e ti ng o f the Michiga n S ta te D e nt a l S o ci e ty the

t he ,

p ri ncip a l p o i nt s i n D r C ro u se s re m ar k s w e re : F i rst th a t by
’ .
,

c o mbi ni ng i n so m e such a n o rg a niz a ti o n a s the D e nt a l P ro te c

t iv e A sso ci at i o n w e b a nd the stre ng th o f te n t h o u sa nd m e n i nt o
,

o ne a nd a l l d e f e nse ne c e ssary c a n b e m a d e wi th b ut littl e m ore

,

e xp e nse th a n w o uld b e re qui re d f o r a n i ndividu a l T he p r e p a .

r a t i o n o f o ne c a se will a ns w e r f o r a l l a nd a l l e vid e nc e ca n b e ,

c o ll e c te d b e tt e r by a n a sso ci a t i o n th a n i n a ny o th e r w ay .

S e c o nd th a t it i s v e ry imp o rta nt th a t a l l ge t i nto t he A sso ci a

,

ti on a t thi s tim e f o r the re a so n tha t a n a pp e al e d sui t t o Sup re m e

,

C o u r t b e f o re fo rm a ti o n o f t he P ro te c tiv e A sso ci a ti o n will p ro b

, ,
33 1 6 TH E A R C H I VE S OF DE N T I S T R Y .

a bly b e d e cid e d i n f a v o r o f the C ro w n C o mp any o wi ng to ,

d e fici e ncy of e vid e nc e a nd i mp e rfe c t p re se nta t i on If the C ro w n .

C o mp a ny w i n t hi s sui t the v will se nd no tic e s al l o v e r the U ni te d

,

S tate s t h ere by de m or al iz m g the p ro f e ssi o n and c a u si ng m any

,

to p ay t h e m m one y w ho sh o uld b e i n the P ro te c t iv e A sso ci a t i o n

a nd a v o id t h a t c a l a mi ty .

T he P r ote c tiv e A sso ci a t i on will b e re a dy wi th new e vid e nc e

a nd a ne w re c o r d a nd c a n t a k e c ar e o f i ts m e mb e r s a g ai nst a n
, y
c l a im s o f t he C r o w n C o mp a ny .

I f y ou are not in the A sso ci ati on the Associ at i on will not tak e ,

c a re o f y ou wh e n the t im e c o m e s .

I f e a ch m a n i n the profe ssi o n will pay ten dol l a rs a nd assum e

a r e sp onsibili ty o f t e n m o r e wi t h o u t fu r t h e r a sse ssm e nt s ,
we
will h a v e a n organiz at i on t h a t i s su re to b re a k up al l t hi s a bu se
a nd sa v e the d e nt a l p r o f e ssi o n a n a nnu a l o u t l a y o f o n a n a v er ,

a e o ne hu nd r e d d o ll a r s e a ch t o u nj u st cl a im a nt s
g , ,
.

Re m e mb er i t will c o st m o m t h a t t e n doll ar s l a te r to j oi n a nd
, ,

w ill c e r ta i nl y c o st m o i e t h a n t h a t if y o u d o no t p r ote c t y o u r se lf

a g a i nst u nj u st Cl a im s .W M CLELAN D S ec .
, .

T HE ST AT E B OAR D OF REGI STRA T ION A N D E X A M

I N A T I O N IN D EN T I ST RY OF NE W J ER S E Y .

OFFI C ER S .

Fre d A Le vy . . P re sid e nt O ra ng e ; G C arl e t o n

, ,
.

B ro w n ,
S e cr e ta ry 1 1 6 B ro a d S t E liz ab e t h ; A R ,
.
,
. .

E a to n , E liz a be th ; E M B e rsl ey B e lvide r e ;

. .
,

J a m e s G P a lm e r . N e w B r u nswick
,
.

RULE S .

AR T I C LE I Jl[eeti ngs S e c 1 Th e re sh all b e fo u r re gul ar

.
—
.
—
. .

m ee ti ng s f o r the t ra nsac t i o n o f b usine ss a nd e x a mi na t i o n o f

c andid ate s h e ld as fo ll o w s : O n the t hi r d Tu e sd a y in O cto b er
, ,

J a nu ary A pr il a nd July T he O ct ob e r m e e ti ng sh a ll b e the

,
.

a nnu a l m e e t i ng a t which the e l e c t i o n o f o ffi c e rs sh a ll t a k e pl a c e

,
.

M e e ti ngs t o b e h e ld a t such pl a c e s as sh a ll b e d e sig nate d by the

B o ard .

S ee 2. Sp e ci a l m e e t i ng s f o r the tra nsa c ti on of bu si ne ss

.
 SO C IE T IE S . 31 7

s h a ll b e h e ld o n the c a ll o f the p resid ent a t the r e qu e st of tw o

m e mb e rs .

A RT I C LE II App l i ca ti on of Ca nd ida tes S e c 1 Pe rsons

.
— —
. .

d e si ri ng to p ra c tic e i n the S ta te sh a ll a pply to the S e c re ta ry f o r ,

t he p r o p e r bl a nk s which t h e y sh a ll fill o ut a nd fi l e wi th him

,

t w o w ee k s b e f ore the d a te O f e x a mi na t i o n a t t he sa m e t im e ,

p ayi ng the f e e o f
S ee 2 . Sp e ci a l e x a mi na t i o ns m ay b e g rante d a t the di se r e
.
~

t i o n o f the B o a r d the c a ndid a t e fili ng hi s a pplic a t i o n as a b o v e

, ,

and a pp e ar i ng b e f ore the diff e re nt e x a mi ners a s di re ct e d by t he

p re sid e nt .

A R T I C LE III E zca mi na tions S e c 1 T he c a ndid ate sh all

.

— —
. . . .

b e e x a m i ne d i n the f o ll o wi ng b r a nch e s e i th e r by w r itt e n o r o ra l .

e x a mi na t i o n a t the di sc r e t i o n of the e x a mi ne r : 1
,
Ana to my —
,

Su rge ry ; 2 Phy si o l o gy Pa th o l ogy ; 3 Th e ra p e utic s a nd M a

—
,
— x

t er i a M e dic a Ch e m i stry ; 4 O p erat iv e D e nti stry ; 5 P r o s

,
— —

t h e t ic D e nt i st ry M e ta llu rgy ,
.

S ec 2 . T he e x a mi ne rs o n o p e ra t iv e a nd p ro sth e ti c d e nt i stry
.

sh a ll re qui re cli nic a l d e m o nstra t i o ns o f S kill .

A RT I C LE I V L i censi ng of Ca ndi da tes UpOH p assi ng a sa t

.
— —

i sf a c to ry e x a mi nat i o n to t he B o ar d t he c a ndid a te S h a ll re c e i v e ,

a lic e nse a s p ro vid e d by l a w

,
.

AR TI C LE V R egi stm ti on of S t udents Pe rso ns d e si r i ng to

.
— —

st udy d e nt i str y i n the S ta te S h a ll a pply t o t he S e c r e tary f o r

,

p ro p e r bl a nk s f o r re gi stra ti on .

A RT I C LE VI A m e7i dm ents N o a m e ndm e nt o r a l te ra ti o n

.
—
.
—

sh a ll b e m a d e t o t h e se r ul e s e xc e p t a t a re gul ar m e e t i ng a nd
, ,

sh a ll r e qui re a m a j o r i ty v o te o f t he e nti re B o a rd .

M EE TING OF THE A M ERI C AN D ENT AL

A SS O C IA TION .

T he ra il ro a d
g m e nts are no t a l l c o mpl e te d b ut e no ugh
a r ra n e ,

i s k no w n t o a ssu re a t l e a st t he u su a l re duc t i o n o f o ne a nd a thi rd

f a re o n c e rtific a t e pl a n by a l l the diffe re nt p a sse ng e r a sso ci a ti o ns
, , .

A rra nge m ents a re be i ng m ad e f or a sp e ci a l t ra i n f ro m C hi

ca go which will l e a v e he re Su nd ay a f te rno on a nd re a ch E xc e l
,

si o r Sp ri ng s M o nd a y m o rni ng Thi s will giv e the e nti re day .

M ond ay f o r t he di ffe re nt se c ti o ns to c o mpl e te t h e i r r e p o rts

, .
31 8 TH E A R C H I VE S OF DE N T I S TR Y .

A ll p i
art es wi shi ng to go o n t hi s sp e ci a l tra i n will c onfe r a ,

f a v or by l e tti ng u s k no w a t o nc e so th at w e m ay k no w ho w ,

m any to arra ng e f or Ju st wh at r ate will b e se cu re d f or the

.
,

r o u nd trip i s no t d e fi ni te ly se tt l e d b ut w e e xp e c t a l o w o ne
-

, , .

A not ic e will b e i ssu e d l ater givi ng e x a ct tim e o f star ti ng

,

a nd ro u te se l e c t e d .

A pplicat i on has b e e n m a de f or re duc e d rate s f or the fo ur a sso

c i a ti ons —
the A m er ic a n D e nta l A sso ci a t i on C o ll e g e F acul ty ,

A sso ci ati on Na ti ona l B oar d of D e ntal E x a mi ners a nd the D en

, ,

t a l P r ot e ct iv e A sso ci a t i on We are tryi ng to ge t thi s rate go o d

.

f or t e n d ay s so th at w e ne e d no t a dj o u r n b e for e e v e ry thi ng i s
,

fi ni sh e d .

Part i e s pu r ch a si ng t ick e ts sh ould b e su re to ge t r e c e ip t sh o w ,

i ng th a t t h e y h a v e p a id full f a r e g o i ng Thi s wi ll e na bl e th e m
.

t o ge t r e tu rn t ick e t f o r o ne thi rd re gul a r f a re

-

J N CR OU S E . .
,

2 2 3 1 P ra i r i e A v e Chic a go
.
, Cha i r m a n E r 0om
. . .

[ P a rti e s p a ssi ng th r ough S t L oui s w o uld do w e ll to m e e t t h e i r

.

f r i e nd s o f thi s ci ty and c o mpl e te the j o u rne y wi th t h e m in a

S p e ci a l c a r ; a li ne t o the e di t or will re c e iv e a tte nt i o n ED — .

A R C HIVE S ]

M EE TING D ENTAL A SS O C IA TION O F

O F TH E
D EN TAL E XA M INER S .

T he ne x t m e e t i ng of the N a t i onal A sso ci a t i o n o f D e nta l

E x a mi ne rs will b e h e ld in E xc el si or Spr i ngs Mi sso ur i on M o n , ,

day e v e ni ng A ugu st 4 a t e igh t o cl o ck a nd a t o t h e r t im e s d ur

’
, , ,

i ng t he w e e k b e tw e e n the se ssi ons of the A m er ic an D e nta l

,

A sso ci ati on I t i s imp or tant to h av e e v e ry State B oard

.

re p r e se nt e d . FR E D A LEVY S ecr e ta ry
. .
,
.

M AI N E D EN TAL S O C IE T Y .

T he M a i ne D e nta l S o ci e ty will h old i ts t we nty fif th a nnu a l -

m e e t i ng at A ugu sta Tu e sd a y and W e dne sd ay July 1 5 a nd 1 6

, , ,

1 890 . E C BR YAN T S ecr eta ry . .

,
.
 SO C IE T IE S . 310

N E \V J ER S E Y STA T E B OAR D O F REGI ST RAT ION

AND E XA M INATION .

T he ne x t m e e ti ng o f the S ta te B o a r d o f R e gi st ra t i o n a nd
E x a mi na ti o n in D e nti stry of N e w J e rse y will b e h e ld a t the
, ,

C o l e m a n H o u se A sbu ry P ark July 1 5 c o m m e nci ng at 1 0 A M

, , ,
. .

Pe rsons d e si r i ng to c o mm e nc e the p ra c tic e o f d e nti stry i n the

S ta te mu st a pply to the S e c re tary f o r p ro p e r bl ank s and o n
, ,

th e m m a k e a pplic a t i o n f o r e x a m i na t i o n a t l e a st t w o w e e k s
b e fore the a b o v e d at e .

T he b oo k s f o r re gi stra ti o n will a l so b e o p e n a t thi s t im e .

Pe rso ns d e si r i ng to re gi ste r mu st b r i ng dipl o m a o r c e r tific at e

, ,

a l so p r o o f o f h a vi ng b e e n l e g a lly i n p ra c t ic e i n N e w J e rse y
b e fore the 7t h o f A p r il 1 890 G CA R LE T ON B RO W N
,
. .
,

1 1 6 B ro a d S t E liz a b e t h N J
.
, , S ecr e ta ry
. . .

TH E O L D AN D T HE N
DI S P EN S A T IO N D R L D S H E P AR D
E w —
. . .

Cosm os T H E O L D
—
O ne qu e st i o n whic h i n the di a g no si s o f
-
“
,

c ase s sto o d f ore m ost of a l l oth e r qu e sti o ns a nd th a t w a s Wh at

, .

m e th o d o f t re a tm e nt sh o uld b e st c o nse r v e th e i r o w n r e pu tat i o n ?

I h a v e h e ard o ne of th e se ge ntl e m e n say th a t d e a d m e n te ll no
ta l e s
. C o nse qu e nt ly if a t oo th w a s in u c h a c o ndi ti o n t h a t i t
,
s

w a s d o ub tf ul wh e th e r filli ng w o uld sa v e i t th e y w o uld e x tra c t i t ,

a t o nc e a nd i f h T h di a ti o n c a m e
, p u t t o u t o t e w a
y e ne w spe ns . .

’
Wh a t w as t h a t ? T he d e nti st s re pu ta t i o n w a s no thi ng O ne .

idea a nim ate d him th a t w a s the go o d o f the p a ti e nt T he

—
,
.

qu e sti o n t h a t p re se nte d i tse lf w a s no t wh e th e r he w a s su re the ,

o p e ra t i o n w o uld b e succ e ssful a nd t he t e e th sa v e d b u t wh e th e r ,

the p a t i e nt u nd e r a l l the a sp e c ts o f u nc e r ta i nty w a s willi ng t o

, ,

ta k e t he t ro ubl e a nd b e a r t he p o ssibl e f a ilu re a nd pa y f o r the ,

e xp e r im e nt i n m a ki ng the a t te mp t t o sa v e i t T he r e sul t of .

t hi s ne w di sp e nsa t i o n up o n m ost o f the y o u ng e r m e n a nd m a ny ,

of the o ld e r m e n w ho a r e livi ng u nd e r i t i s t h a t si nc e c o h e s iv e , ,

g old the m all e t the r ubb e r da m a nd o th e r m o d e rn c o nv e n

, , ,

i e nce s h a v e c o m e i nto u se tee th h a v e b e e n fill e d wi t h g old a nd

, , ,

the a tte mp t m a d e to sa v e th e m which u nd e r the o l d di sp e nsa ,

ti o n w o uld h a v e b e e n c o nsig ne d to the f o r c e p s .

 Q e l l e ge s .

NATIONAL UNI VER SI T Y OF W A S H I NG T ON

T he six t h
u l c o mm e nc e m e nt of the M e di c a l and D e nta l
a nn a

D e p ar tme nts o f the N a ti o na l U niv e rs i ty of Wa shi ngto n D C ,

. .
,

t oo k pl a c e o n Tu e sd a y M a y 1 3 T he a udi tor iu m of L i nc o l n
,
.

H all the l arge st i n the c i ty w a s fi l l e d wi th the rel ativ e s a nd

, ,

f r i e nd s of the g ra du a t e s a l t h o ugh the nigh t w a s v e ry sto r my

, .

T he sta g e w a s d e c o ra te d wi th p a lm s a nd t ro pic a l pl a nts f ro m

the B ota nic a l G a r d e ns a nd the f a m o u s M a r i ne B a nd di sc o u rse d
,

i ts sw e e t e st m u si c i n a h a lf h o u r o v ertu re -

Thi s w as fo ll o w e d by a p r a y e r by the R e v G e or ge E lli ott i n .

,

which he i nv o k e d the Divi ne bl e ssi ng o n th o se a b o ut to e nter

U p o n t he i r p ro f e ssi o na l c a r e e r s .

T he S ong th at R e a ch e d
’
A n e xc e ll e nt re ndi t i o n o f J or d a n s “

my H e a rt by the full b a nd f oll o w e d a nd v ar i o u s oth er m usi

”
, ,

cal numb e r s i ncludi ng a pi cc o l o so l o by M r H e nry J a e ge r

, .

a nd a c a t chy p a tr o l by t he b and w e re i nt e rsp e r se d a m ong t he ,

o t h er e x e r ci se s .

Dipl o m a s w e r e a w a r d e d by H on S a mu e l F Mill er o f the . .

,

Unite d S tate s Supr e m e C o u rt Ch anc e ll o r o f the Univ e rsity a s , ,

f oll o w s
T he d e g re e of D o cto r O f M e dici ne t o Ch ar l e s M Buch a na n .
,

o f V i r gi ni a ; F i nl e y H C a lv e rt of L o ui si ana . J o hn , ,

A D aly
.
,
o f W a shi ng t o n D C R ich ar d C F i sh e r of ,
. . .
,

Pe nnsylv ani a ; E dwi n G l a dm o n Phar D of V i rgi ni a ; Ch arl e s

'

. .
, ,

S H o dg son o f Wa shi ngt on D C A l e x and e r F M cM a ste r

.
, ,
. . .
,

V S of C a na d a
. .
,
.

T he d e g re e of D o ct o r o f D e nta l Su rg e ry t o R ic har d P C ro
"

ni n o f W a shi n
,
gton D C Willi a m B D a ly of Wa shi ngton
,
. . .
, ,

D C J W H o lli ng sw or th o f Vi rgi ni a ; Th e o d ore E rck o f

. . . .
, ,

Mi sso u r i H erb e rt B H o a g of N e w Yo rk B e nj a mi n F O d e ll
.
,
.
,

o f I lli no i s .
 COLLE G E S .
32 1

T he na m e s of t he f o l l o wi ng st ud e nts w e re a nno u nc e d as ha v
mg b e e n p ro m o te d
To S e ni or C l a ss i n Jl[ed i ci ne — Th e o d ore .
~
E r ck D ,
. M cM a ste r ,
J . H M cC o rm ic k ,
. ra nk P S to ckb r idg e F . .

T o S eco nd C l a ss i n Jl[ed z ci ne W
'

.
—
. M B a r to n.
,
L . W . R e id
Mi ss M J a ll a gh e r , W S Th o m a s
. . G . . .

Atki n G
_

To S ew io r Cl a ss i n D e nti stry —
G . B . so n, eor ge M .

Sh a rp .

T0 S econd C l a ss in D e nti stry —

W . E . B ra dl e y ,
EK G . . e ro w

a nd D
V
V ibcr . E . .

D r . L ui o s K o l ipi nsk i , Ph a r D M D P ro fe ssor of Su rg e ry

. . .
,

d e liv e re d a n a dd re ss to t he g r a du a t i ng cl a sse s whi ch w a s e n ,

thhsia st ical l y r e c e i v e d .

T he v al e dic to ry a dd re ss w a s d e liv e r e d by D r Ch as M E u . . .

c h a na n o f t he m e dic a l d e p ar t m e nt a nd w a s a v e r y a g r e e a bl e
, ,

de p artu re f ro m the r ul e s u su a lly c o nsid e re d to g o v e rn such

o ra t i o ns .

T he clim a x o f the e v e ni ng w a s the a w a r di ng o f p r iz e s by D r

Jo h n T Wi nter Presid e nt O f t he F a cul ti e s H e r e t he h o no r s
.

,
. .

w e re c ar ri e d o ff by D r Ch a s M Buch a na n w ho re c e iv e d the . . .
,

first m e dica l p riz e o f fif ty d o ll a rs a nd D r Th e o d ore A E rck ,

. .

o f t he d e nt a l d e p a r tm e nt w ho r e c e iv e d t he fi r st d e nt a l p r iz e ,

a l so fi f ty d o ll ars a nd a l so t he G r i nd e r p r iz e a c a se o f su rgic a l
,

, ,

i nstr um e nts f or e xc e ll e nc e in di sse c ti ng

, .

T he fi rst t w o p r iz e s a r e a w a r d e d a nnu a lly to the g ra du a te s

pa ssi ng t he b est fi na l e x a m i na ti o ns th r o ugh the ki nd ne ss o f ,

W a tso n J N e w to n L L D a f ri e nd o f the c o ll e ge
,
,
. . .
, .

Th o ugh y o u ng thi s i nsti t u ti o n i s o ne o f t he m o st fl o u ri shi ng

,

i n the city a nd o ff e r s e xc e l l e nt f a cili t i e s e sp e ci a lly i n its d e nta l

, ,

de pa rtm e nt I t i s one o f the f e w c o ll e g e s wh e re a th re e y e a rs

.

co u r se o f study i s r e qui r e d in t he d e nta l d e p a r tm e nt a nd i ts

,

l a rg e a nd f ully e quipp e d l a b ora to r i e s a nd w e ll ligh te d a nd f u r ,

-

ni she d infi rm a ry m a k e i t a l e a d e r a m o ng i ts cl a ss
, T he e quip .

m e nts of t he infi rm a ry a re o f the b e st a nd t he supply o f p a ti e nts ,

is g re a t e r t h a n ca n b e re a dily a tte nd e d to .

A ny i nf o rm a ti o n d e si re d a s to f e e s se ssi o ns e tc c a n b e ha d , , .
,

o n a pplic a ti o n to H H B a rk e r M D D ea n o f the Fa cul ti e s . .

,
. .
,

1 1 1 6 H S t N W W a shi ng to n D C
,

. . .
, , ,
. .
 T EN T H
IN TERNAT IONA L M E D I CAL C ONGRE SS .

B E RLI N 1 890 , .

I NV I T A T IO T O T AK A T IN T HE P RO EE D IN OF T HE
N E P R C GS SE C
T ION FOR D I EA E OF T HE T EE T H S S S .

I n cc d nc wi th th
a or lut i n f th N i nth C ng
a e h ld e re so o o e o r e ss, e

at W hi ng t n th T nth I nt n t i n l M dic l C ng
as o ,
e wi lle er a o a e a o re ss

b h ld t hi y
e e t B li ns p ni ng n th 4 th f A ugu t nd
e ar a er ,
o e o e o s ,
a

cont i nui ng t th 9th f A ugu t 1 890

o e Th d l g t f th o s , . e e e a es o e

m dic l f cul t i
e a nd chi f m dic l
a esci t i Of th G m n
a e e a so e es e er a

E mpi re h a v e e l e cte d u s the u nd ersig ne d a s m e mb er s of a S e e

, ,

t i o na l C o mmi tte e o f O rg a niz at i o n I n t hi s c a p a ci ty w e h a v e .

the h onor c o r di a lly t o i nvi t e y o u r p a r ticip a t i o n in t he p r o c ee d

i ng s o f o ur se ct i on W e h op e to e nj o y t he sat i sf a cti o n o f w el
.

c o m i ng l a rge numb er s o f o u r c o ll e a gu e s t o B e r li n a nd a l so o f ,

se e i ng o ur se c ti o n m e e t i ng s num e ro u sly a t t e nd e d We a pp e nd .

the p r o gr a mm e of o ur se ct i o n as f a r a s hi t h e r to fix e d wi th the , ,

re qu e st t h a t a ny fu r th e r p ro p osa l s a s w e ll a s o ff e r s o f a dd re sse s , ,

p a p e rs o r d e m onstrat i ons m ay b e se nt in wi th a s littl e d e l ay a s

, ,

p o ssibl e .

Wi th the h e p e t h a t t he m e e t i ng s of the se ct i o n m ay p ro v e
i nte re st i ng in th e m se lv es a nd u se ful to the a dv a nc e m e nt of ,

sci e nc e W e r e m a i n m o st re sp e ctfully ,

1 7 m Com m i ttee f
o O rga ni z a ti on f o r the S ecti on
D i sea ses o f tire Teetl t .

Bu sch B e rl i n ; C a l a i s H a mbu rg ; He sse L e ipzig ; F rick e

, , , ,

K i e l ; H oll a nder H all e ; Mille r B e rli n ; P a rtsch B re sl a u ;

, , ,

S a u e r B e rli n W e i ] M irnche n
, ,
.

A ll c o mmu nic at i ons o r i nqui ri es r e ga rdi ng the busi ne ss of the

se c t i o n mu st b e a dd re sse d t o P r o f e sso r Bu sch B erli n N W , ,

A l e x ande r Ufe r 6 O th er c om mu nic a ti ons a nd i nqui ri e s O f a

-

g e ne ra l ch ara cter mu st b e di r e c te d t o t he g e nera l se creta ry o f

the C o ng re ss D r L assar B er li n N W
,
. K a rl str 1 9 ,
.
,
. .
 SELE C T ION . 3 23

PR ELI M INARY P ROGRA MM E O F TH E D EN TAL S E C T ION .

M o nd ay t he 4 th of A ugu st
, ,
1 890, ft e r the cl o se
a of thefi rst
ge ne ra l se ssi on c o nsti tut i o n o f
,
the d e nta l se c ti o n by t he e l e cti o n
o f O fli ce rs .

F m Tu esd ay 5 th u ntil S a tu rd a y 9th i ncl p ra c t ic a l de m

ro , , , ,
.
,

o nstra ti o ns will b e giv e n e a ch d a y i n the f o r e no o n b e tw e e n 9 ,

a nd 1 2 O cl o ck i n t he D e nta l I nst i t ut e o f the R o y a l U niv ersi ty

’
, ,

D o ro t he e nstr a se , S 40 .

Th e se d e m o nstra t i o ns will c o nsi t i n e x tra ct i o n a nd nar c o si s s

,

i n filli ng a nd i n ar tifici a l w o rk G e ntl em e n d e si ri ng to d e m on

.

stra t e e i t h e r i n e x tra c t i o n a nd na r c o si s o r i n a r t ifici a l w or k a r e

, , ,

re qu e ste d to a pply to P ro f e sso r Bu sch ( A l e x a nd e r U f e r —

Th o se w ho wi sh t o d e m o nstra te i n filli ng a re r e qu e st e d to a pp l y
to P ro f e sso r Mill e r (V o ssstr a sse Fo r the se de m onstra
'

ti ons th e re are i n the d e nta l i nst i tu te fif te e n ch a i r s wi th goo d ,

ligh t ; which numb e r i n c a se of u rg e nt ne c e ssity migh t b e in

, ,

c re a se d t o ni ne te e n T he a f te rno ons b e tw e e n 2 a nd 5 o cl o ck
.
’
, ,

will b e d e v o te d to th e or e t ic a l l e ctu r e s a nd di scu ssi ons in the ,

h all of the R e sso u r c e z ur U nter h a l tu ng O rani e nb urgerstr 1 8 , . .

T he f o ll o wi ng fi v e t h e m e s h a v e b e e n se l e c te d the di scu ssi on ,

o f whi ch will b e o p e ne d by m e mb ers a pp o i nt e d f o r the pu r p o se .

1 N ar c osi s wi th b r omide of e thyl in d e nta l o p era ti ons .

2 . T he c a u se c o u rse a nd tr e a t m e nt of py orrh oea a lv e ol ar i s

, , .

3 . T he p ar t icip a t i o n o f m ic ro or g a ni sm s i n d e c a y o f the tee th -

4 . C row n a nd b r idg e w ork .

5 . I rre gul ari ti e s of te e th .

T he m e mb e rs a r e a l so a t lib e r ty t o p re se nt c o mmu nic a ti ons

u p o n s ubj e ct s with wh ich t h e y h a v e p a rt icul arl y o ccupi e d t h e m

se lv e s Such c o mmu nic ati ons a l o ng with a sh or t r e sum e o f

.
,

th e i r c o nte nts sh o uld b e a nnou nc e d t o the ch a i rm a n o f the

,

c o m mi tte e (P rofe ssor Bu sch A l e x a nd e r U f e r , O n the se -

’
d ay s o n whi ch g e ne ra l se ssi ons a re h e ld ( b e tw e e n 1 1 1 2 o cl o ck ) —
,

the p ra c t ic a l d e m o nstra ti o ns will b e cl ose d e a r li e r a nd the t he ,

ore ti cal l e c t u re s b e gu n l a te r .

E XT RA C T FRO M TH E GENERAL REGULA T ION S AN D P ROGRA MM E .

IX . I n the m e e ti ng of t he s e c ti o ns qu es ti o ns a nd p ro bl e m s ,

will be di scu sse d which h a v e b e e n a g re e d up o n by t he sp e ci a l

,
3 24 TH E A R C HI VE S OF DE N TI S TR Y .

C o mmit te e s of O rga niz a ti o n T he c o mmu nic ati o ns o f tho se ap .

p o i nte d by t he c o mmi tte e t o r e p o rt o n a subj e ct S h a ll f o rm the ,

b a si s of di scu ssi on A s f ar as t im e a ll o w s o th e r cOm m uni ca

.
,

t i o ns o r p ro p o sa l s p ro c e e di ng f ro m m e mb e r s a nd sa nc ti o ne d by
,

the C o m mm i tt e e of O rg a niz a ti o n m ay a l so b e i ntro duc e d f o r ,

di scu ssi o n T he Bu re a u of e a ch se c t i o n d e cid e s a s to t he a o

.

ce pt a nce o f such o ff e r e d co mmu nic a ti o ns a nd a s t o t he or d e r in ,

which t h e y sh a ll c o m e b e f o re t he m e e ti ng a l wa y s p ro vide d th at
t hi s p o i nt ha s no t b e e n a l re a dy d e ter mi ne d i n t he m e e t i ng i tse lf
by a d e c re e o f the se c ti on .

Sci e ntific qu e st i ons S h a ll no t b e pu t t o the v ot e .

X I nt ro ducto ry a dd re sse s i n the se c ti o ns mu st a s a r ul e

.
, ,

no t e xc ee d tw enty m i nu tes I n the di scu ssi o ns no m o re t h a n

.
,

ten m i nu tes a r e a ll o w e d t o e a ch sp e a k er .

XI A l l a dd resse s a nd p a p e rs in t he ge ne r a l a nd se ct i o na l
.

m e e t i ng s mu st b e h a nd e d o v e r to the se cr e ta r i e s i n w r i t i ng b e
, , ,

f ore t he e nd O f t he m e e t i ng T he E di t or i a l C o mmi tte e sh a ll

.

d e cid e wh e the r and t o wh a t e x te nt th ese w r i tte n co ntrib u

— —

t i o ns S h a ll b e i nclud e d i n t he p ri nt e d t ra nsa c ti o ns of the C o n

gre ss T he nre mb e r s w ho h a v e ta k e n p a rt in t he di scu ssi o ns
.
,

will b e re qu e ste d to h and o v e r t o the se c re ta r i e s b e f ore the e nd ,

o f t he d a y i n w r i t i ng the sub sta nc e of t h e i r r e m ar k s

, , .

XI I T he o ffici a l l a ng ua ge s of al l the m e e ti ngs sh a ll b e

.

G er m an E ngli sh a nd Fre nch T he re gul ati o ns the p rogramm e

,
.
, ,

a nd t he a g e nd a f or t he d a y wil l b e p r i nte d i n al l t h re e l angu a g e s .

I t will h o w e v e r b e a ll o w a bl e t o m a k e u se o f o t h e r l a ngu a g e s
, ,

t h a n t he a b o v e f o r b r i e f re m ar k s ; a lw a y s p ro vid e d t h a t o ne o f
the m e mb e r s p re se nt i s p re p a r e d t o tra nsl a t e t he g i st o f such
r e m ar k s i nt o o ne o f the o ffi ci a l l a ngu a g e s .

Th o se w ho ta k e p ar t in the C o ng re ss sha ll p ay a sub sc r ip ti on

of t we nty M ar k s ( o ne P o u nd ste r li ng o r fi v e d o ll a r s) o n b e i ng ,

e nr o ll e d a s m e mb e r s For t hi s su m t h e y sh a ll r e c e iv e a c o py o f
.

t he tra nsa c t i o ns as so o n a s t h e y a pp e a r T he e nr ollm e nt S h a ll .

t a k e pl a c e a t the b e gi nni ng o f the C o ng re ss G entl e m e n m ay .

,

h o w e v e r b e e nro ll e d a s m e mb e rs by se ndi ng the a m o u nt o f the

, ,

sub sc r ip t i o n t o t he tr e a su r e r
’i
wi th t he i r na m e p ro fe ssi o na l ,

sta t u s a nd r e sid e nc e a pp e nd e d .

’ M B ar t e l s, B e rl i n, S W
T re a su re r s a d d re ss : D r . . .
, L e i p z ig e rst r . 75
— P l e a se e ncl o se a vi si ti ng ca -
rd .
 SELE C T ION . 3 25

Th e re will b e a s sta te d i n ci rcul ar fi v e g e ne ra l th e m e s f o r dis

, ,

cu ssi o n Th e se wi th t he cli nic s a nd d e nronstra tio ns by m e n

.
, ,

s e l e c te d by t he G e ne r a l C o mmi t t e e w ill f o r m t he o ffi ci a l p r o

\

g ra mm e O f the fi v e subj e c ts o ne ha s b e e n a pp o i nte d t o G er

. .

m a ny o ne to E ngl a nd o ne t o F ra nc e a nd t w o to A m e r ic a
, , ,
.

T he subj e c ts a ssigne d to A m er ic a a nd t he m e n a pp o i nt e d ,

t o p re se nt i ts p a p e r s a re C ro w n a nd B r idg e W or k by W C ,
. .

B arre tt of Buffa l o ; I rre gul a r i t i e s o f T e e th by E S T a lb o t O f

'

, ,
. .
,

Chic a g o .

T he o t h e r p a p e r s will b e se l e ct e d f o r t he v o lu nta ry c ontr i b u

‘

t i o ns a nd a s m a ny will b e p re se nte d a s t im e p e r mi t s o f a nd ,

t he G e ne ra l C o mmi tt e e sh a ll a pp o i nt .

T he o ffi c e r s se l e c te d f or A m e r ic a c onsi st o f f o u r h o no r ary
p re sid e nts as f o ll o w s ,

I V C B a rre tt M D
. . Buff al o N Y
,
. J Ta f t M
.
, , . . .
,
.

D .
,
Ci nci nna ti O hi o ; E S T a lb o t M D D D S ,
. .
, . .
,
. . .

Chic a g o I ll H J M c K e l l o ps
,
. . S t L o ui s M o
.
,
.
,
.

Thi s Bo ar d has e l e c te d R R A nd re w s C a mb r idge . .

, ,

M ass a s h o no ra ry se c re tary
,
.

CO BB LE R S THREA D The B r i ti sh Jour na l

’
Why buy w a x e d —

flO S S silk th re a d f or liga t u r e s r o u nd te e t h wh e n u si ng r ubb e r ,

da m ? O rdi na ry c o bbl e r s th r e a d i s v e ry m uch ch e a p e r a s

’
,

st ro ng a nd i n e v e r y re sp e c t a s g oo d
,
.

N AT U R
’
ES FOR M
C S S T O C K T ON Cosm os —
D T he o nly
R . . .
,

p o i nt t h at I w a nte d to m a k e t hi s a f te r noo n w a s t h a t w e sh o uld ,

re sto re a s f a r a s w e c a n wh a t ha s b e e n l o st o f a t o o t h a nd
, , ,

b ri ng i t b a ck to na tu re s f o rm I wi sh to say to t h o se i n the
’
.

p ro fe ssi o n w ho a re a f ra id to c u t a w a y to o th struc tu re th a t it i s a ,

g re a t mi sta k e O f te nti rne s y o u fill te e th o n the p ro xim a l su rfa c e s

.
,

a nd t h e y c o m e b a ck t o o u i n s i x m nt h y e a r a nd y o u
y o s o r a , ,

fi nd th at d e c a y ha s t a k e n pl a c e a ro u nd y o u r filli ng s I f yo u .

ha d c ut a w a y suffici e nt to o th str uc t u re to a ll o w the m e ta l o f the

t w o filli ng s t o c o m e i n c o nta c t i nste a d o f to o th sub sta nc e the , ,

filli ng s w o uld h a v e re nra i nc d i ntac t a nd d e ca y w o uld h a v e b e e n ,

p re v e nte d D o no t b e a f ra id to c ut a w a y to o th st ruc tu re
. .
”
 S el ite ri erl .

D EAT H FROM T HE U S E OF LO C AL A N Z E S T H E TI C S .

T he l o c a l anaesth e tic s i n e x tra c t i ng t e e th ha s Op e ne d a

u se o f ,

ne w e ra f o r a cl a ss o f i t i ne r a nts c a lli ng t h e m se lv e s d e nt i sts w ho ,

a r e t ra v e li ng a b o u t the c o u ntr y imp o si ng up o n t he c re duli t y of

,

the public c a u si ng much s uff e r i ng the l o ss o f m a ny v a lu a b l e

, ,

t e e th a nd no t i nf re qu e ntly l o ss o f lif e
, N o t a m onth p asse s in
,
.

which o u r a tte nt i on i s not c a ll e d to so m e u nf ort u na t e c ase the r e

“

sul t o f t he u se of so m e o ne o f the l o c a l a nae st h e t ic s A f e w d ay s .

si nc e w e cu t f r o m o ne o f the d a ily p a p e r s the f o ll o wi ng i te m

,

‘
A TRAVELING DEN T I S T S WORK L i m a O M ay 1 9 A
’ .
—
,
.
,
.
—

t ra v e li ng d e nt i st c a m e h e r e a f e w d ay s a go wi t h a ne w sy st e m
o f e x tr a ct i ng t e e th A ll hi s p ati ents w ere ta k en wi th bl ood
.

p o i soni ng N ath a n G o re di e d y e ste r day ; S K K ra uss M a ry

. . .
,

C one s and m a ny o th e rs are v e ry l ow T he d o ct o r c a nno t b e

,
.

f o u nd D a i l y P ap er
—
.

D e si r i ng t o l e ar n the fa cts c onc erni ng thi s c a se w e w r ot e to ,

D r H a ll o f L im a i ncl o si ng t he i te m wi t h the re qu est t h at he

.
, , ,

fur ni sh us wi th d e ta il s f or public a ti o n I n re ply w e re ce iv e d .

,

the f o ll o wi ng f ro m D r G e or g e H a ll .

L I M A O HIO M ay 23 1 890 , , ,
.

ED I T OR OF T HE A RC HIVE S O u the 1 5th O f t hi s m ont h a —

,

f e ll o w c a l li ng hims e lf a d e nt i st a dv e rt i se d to e x tra c t te e t h wi t h
,

o u t p a i n a t D r D L A r t e r s d e nta l o ffic e
’
H e w as h e re on
'

. . . .
,

the 2 2d o f la st A p r il H e a nd A r te r c o m e v e ry near
c a u si ng the d e ath of a l a dy by t he sa m e p ro c e ss (the p a t i e nt f e ll
i nto my h and s f o r t re at m e nt) A t th a t t im e t hi s S O c a ll e d D r
.
,
-
.

W G E be rsol e w a s a sto ne m a so n si nc e tha t t im e one y e a r

. .
—
, ,
'

he ha s b e c o m e a f ul l fle dge d d e nt i st -

H i s h o m e i s i n C arl t on
.
,

O hi o H e a nd t wo o th e rs fo rm e d a c o mp any t o m a nufact ure

E b ersol e skipp e d the
.

t hi s w onde rf u l dea th dea l i ng su re kill -

t o w n I h a v e l e a rne d he i s a t h o m e .

( 326)
 ED I T OR AL I . 3 27

N a t ha n G o re is dead M a ry C o ne s w il l b e d e a d I thi nk i n
.
, ,

a f ew S Kh o u rs . .
‘

. K ro ne s a nd se ve ra l ot h e rs a re so m e b e tte r ,

b u t no t o u t O f d a ng e r .

D r H e r nra n C o ro ne r o f the c o u nty D r M a tt e rso n a nd m y

.
, ,
.

se lf h e ld a n i nqu e st a nd p o st m o r te m o n N G o r e
,
O u r v e r di ct -

. .

— bl o o d p o i so ni ng by t he i nj e c ti o n of thi s p r e p a ra t i o n in the
,

bl o o d .

N a th an G o re w a s in the p rim e o f m a nh o o d fif ty fi v e y e ars ,

-

O l d a n o il d r ill e r i n t he b e st o f h e a l th
, ,
.

I a m a de nti st of t w enty thre e y e ars p ra ctic e in full p ra ct ice

’ -

, ,

a nd a l so p o st m a ste r o f t hi s c i tv Yo u rs T ruly .
,

G EO R GE H ALL D D S ,
. . .

I n t he li st of p a te nt s w hich m a y b e f o u nd o n a no th e r p a g e of ,

t hi s i ssu e i s o ne N o ,
f or a l o c a l a nze st he ti c no w
,
.
—

o w ne d by a D r W G E b e rso l e of Ca rl ton O hi o Und o ubt

. . .
, , .

e dl y t he p e r so n r e f e r re d t o i n D r H a ll s l e tt e r a nd t he a necs
’
.
, ,

t h e t ic u se d i n t h e se c a ses w a s p ro b a bly the o ne f o r which t he ,

a b o v e p a t e nt w a s i ssu e d By re f ere nc e to the p ate nt Offic e .

r e c or d s w e fi nd the c o mp o ne nt p a r ts o f t he m ixtu re re f e rr e d t o
, ,

t o b e a lc o h o l glyc e r i ne t i nc tu re of a c o ni te m e nth o l a nd
, , , ,

sulph a te c o c a i ne T he p ro p or ti o ns o f e a ch of c o u rse no t giv e n

.
, ,
.

An hyp o d e rmic i nj e c ti on of t hi s c o mp o u nd migh t r e sul t i n

_

d e a th f ro m t he to xic e ffe c t e sp e ci a lly if the a m o u nts o f c o c a i ne

, , ,

a nd a c o ni te b e l ar ge W e sh o uld a nticip a t e t h a t sl uffi ng of the

.

p arts w o uld f oll o w i ts e xhibi ti o n i n m a ny c ase s T he v e r dict .

,
“
bl oo d p o i soni ng b y the i nj e c ti o n of t hi s p re p arati on i n the
,

bl o o d e xc e pt i t b e the r e sul t o f the sl u ffi ng c o uld h a rdly b e

”
, ,

c orre c t I t migh t re sul t f ro m the w a nt o f p ro p e r a nti se p ti c

.

c a u ti o n W e h o p e th a t D r H a ll will f a v or u s wi th m o re co m
. .
~

p l e t e d e ta il s o f t h e se c a se s .

MA R RIE D Tu e sd a y Ju ne 1 0 —
, ,
1 890, D L um n C I ng
r . a . e r so ll ,

to Mi ss Mi nni e M B a nk s ; b o th . of K kuk I w
eo ,
o a .
‘

’
M ARR IE D —
A t the re s id e nc e of the b rid e s f a th e r D r B Q , . . .

S te v e ns H a nni bal M O , , .
,
J u ne 5 , M r . J o h n T H o l rne J r a nd
.
, ,

Mi ss L u na S te v e ns
.

.
3 28 TH E AR C HIV E S OF DEN TI S TR Y .

C HANGE S IN THE FA C ULTIE S OF THE IOW A AN D

M INNE S O TA D EN TAL SC HOOL S .

Th B ed f R g nt f th U niv i ty f Mi nn t p
oar o e e s o e e rs o e so a a

p oi nt d D eW X vi Suddu th P fr . f P t h l gy nd O l
. a er r o e sso r o a o o a ra

Su g y
r er l S c t y f th F cul ty ( p c t ic lly D n) H
,
a so e re a r o e a ra a ea . e

w ill d v t I i t im t hi y
e o e t t h i nt t f t h d p t m nt
r s -
e s ear, o e e res s o e e ar e .

W e f e e l tha t t he p ro f e ssi o n o f Mi nne so ta a nd t he U ni v e r sit v

i s to b e c o ng ra t ul a t e d up on the a cqui si t i o n o f P ro f Suddu t h . .

T he p r o f e ssi o n i s a l so to b e c o ng ra t ul at e d up o n t he a ddi t i o n
o f a no t h e r g oo d m a n D r W P Dicki nso n o f Dubuqu e w ho ,
.
,
. .
,

r e m o v e s t o Mi nne a p o li s t hi s w e e k .

D r Suddu th has r e sig ne d his p o si ti on i n the f a cul ty o f the

.

t he I o w a Sch o o l t o fill the ch a i r te nd e re d hi m by t he R e g e nt s

‘

O f t he U niv e r si ty o f Mi nne so t a D r G V Bl a ck o f Ja ck son . . . .

,

y il l e I l l
,
ha s b e e n a pp o i nt e d t o fill the p l a c e m a d e v a c a nt by
.
,

t he r e sig na t i o n of D r Suddu t h i n the f a cul ty o f the U niv e rsi.

,

t y o f I o wa .

T E X A S ST AT E D ENTAL A SS O CIA TION .

T he a nnu a l m e e t i ng o f t he T e x a s S ta t e D e nta l A sso ci at i o n ,

h eld a t B e l t o n T e x a s M ay 6th 7th 8th w as o ne o f the b e st i n

, , , , ,

t he hi sto ry o f the A sso ci a t i o n T he a tt e nd a nc e w a s t he l a r g e st .

,

t he cli nic s p a p e r s a nd di scu ssi o ns e qu a l to the b e st o f o u r S ta te

,

m ee t i ng s L a st y e a r the S o u t h e rn D e nt a l A sso ci a t i o n w a s h e l d i n
.

T e x as and m a ny m e t wi t h u s w ho w e re no t i n the h abi t o f a tte nd

,

i ng ou r S ta te m e e ti ng s a nu m b e r no d o ub t c a m e m e re ly o u t , ,

O f cu r i osi ty b ut wh e n t he y o nc e go t a t a ste of t he b e ne fi ts t o
,

b e d e r iv e d lik e al l o t h e r s w ho h a v e t r i e d i t t h e y fi nd t h e y
, ,

c a nno t a ffo r d t o st a y a w a y so I t hi nk t h a t f ro m thi s t im e o n , , ,

o u r S ta t e will b e o ne o f t he so lid ki nd .

Pr e sid e nt M S R e e d C orsic ana d eliv e re d the annu a l a d

. .
, ,

d re ss whi ch w as r e tr o sp e c t iv e a nd hi sto r ic a l i t w a s i ntere st i ng

,

a nd i nstr uc t iv e he sugg e ste d the f or m a t i o n o f a m u se um wi th ,

a cu r a t o r i n ch a r g e the sugg e st i o n w a s sub se qu e ntly a c t e d up o n ,

a nd a m o t i o n t o t h a t e ff e c t w a s p r e se nt e d a nd c ar r i e d Dr . .

W e ste rfi e l d D a ll as w a s e l e c te d Cu ra to r
, ,
.

R e so luti ons w e re p a sse d re qu e sti ng the ne x t l e gi sl atu re to ,

 ED I T ORIAL . 329

a m e nd se c ti o n 2 o f the p re se nt l a w r e l a ti ng to the p ra c tic e o f

d e nt i stry ; so as to p ro vid e f o r a S ta te B oa rd of fi v e r e pu ta bl e
d e nt i sts t o b e a pp o i nte d by the g o v e r no r to h o ld o ffic e f o r t w o
, ,

y e ars a nd p e rf o r m the du ti e s o f t he p r e se nt b oar d s i n j udi ci a l

,

di stric ts sa id b o a r d to m e e t a nnu a lly at so m e c e ntra l pl a c e i n

,

t he S ta t e I n t hi s c o nne c ti o n I wi sh to sta t e t h a t D r C B
.
,
. . .

L e wi s D all as re a d a n i nte re sti ng p a p e r o n d e nta l l e gi sl a t i on

. ,

a nd t he p o w e r o f e x a mi ni ng b o a rd s which w a s f a v or a bly d is ,

cu sse d by se v e ra l m e mb e r s .

T he p a p e r s d e a l t wi t h p r a c tic a l subj e c t s D r A L a w re nc e . . .

p re se nt e d a rr e ssa y o n H e m o rrh ag e a f te r E x tra cti ng T e e t h “

.
”

D r M S M e r ch a nt
. . I mm e di a t e R oo t F illi ng D r R L
.
”
,
“
. . . .

H ay e s D e nta l Hygi e ne D r W C C a rso n F illi ng T e m

,
“ ”
. . . .
,
“

r i n F illi ng s
”
p o ra r
y T e e t h D r V J B a r to n . T
”
he C o nt o u.
V
. .
,
“
.

I ncid ents of O ffic e Pra ctice D r W

_

D r S S Sh a ckl e f o rd
. . .
”
,
“
. . .

J B arto n r e a d f o r D r J H G ra nt a v e ry fi ne articl e o n D e n
. . . .

t a l E du c a ti o n
”
T he f oll o wi ng subj e c ts w e re di scu sse d i n a n
.

i nf o rm a l w ay S e cu r i ng L oo se T ee t h by L ig atu re s
“
A ppl i ,
”

c ati o n o f R ubb e r B a nd s P re p ar i ng C a vi ti e s a nd F illi ng ,

” “

T e e th .

T he fo ll o wi ng o ffic e rs w e r e e l e c te d f o r the e nsui ng y e a r : D r .

J H L asse te r B e l ton P re sid e nt ; D r Pi tt S Tu r ne r B e l to n

. .
, , . .
, ,

F i rst V ic e P re sid e nt ; D r O B Lo ve S a n Anto ni o Se co nd

-
. . .
, ,

V ic e P re sid e nt ; D r C B L e wi s D a ll as S e c re tary a nd T re a s
-

. . .
, ,

u rer .

Wa co w as se el c te d as t he pl a c e f o r the ne xt m e e ti ng .

D R . F F
DALY re p re se nti ng the D aly G old L i ni ng C o m
. .
,

p any of W a sh i ng to n D C re c e ntly p a id u s a vi sit T he

, ,
. .
, .

pl ate s a re a succ e ss T he go ld c a nno t b e r e m ov e d e xc e p t by

.
,

s c ra pi ng F u rth e r p a rticul a rs a re w o r th se ndi ng f o r A dd re ss

. .

a s above .

PA T EN T S Thi s i ssu e c o nta i ns a l l the p a te nts re l a ti v e to d e rr

—
,

t istry i ssu e d t hi s y e a r to J u ne 20 h e re a f t e r a l i st w ill a pp e ar

, , ,

m o nthly T he sp e cific a t i o ns d ra wi ng s a nd sp e ci a l cl a im s o f the

.
,

i nv e nto rs c a n b e Ob ta i ne d f o r t w e nty fi v e c e nts o f the p a te nt -

a tto r ne y s w ho fu r ni sh u s thi s li st
, .
 P a t e nts .

PA T ENTS T RAD E M ARK S RELATING

AN D —

T O D EN TI ST RY .

ME S S R S H IG D ON H IG D ON S o lici to rs of U ni te d S ta te s a nd
.
,

Fo re ig n Pa tents offic e r o o m s 1 5 and 1 6 s w cor ner of E igth

, ,
. .

a nd O liv e str e e t s S t L o ui s a nd i n L e D ro it Buildi ng W ash

,
.
, ,

i ngto n D C re p o r t the f o ll o wi ng c o mpl e t e li st of a l l p a t e nt s

,
. .
,

g ra nte d du ri ng 1 890 to d a te ,

I S S UE D D URING J ANUARY 1 890 ,

.

N o.

—
D e nta l E ngi ne E T S tar r assig no r t o s S Whi t e
,
. .
, ,
. .

D e nta l M anuf a c tu ri ng C o Phil a d e lphi a P a .

, ,
.

41 91 1 1
,
—
I nsul ate d N ipp e rs F M Ca se y M o u nt Vernon N Y ,
. .
, ,
. .

—
D e nta l Ch a i r B M Wilk e rson B a l tim ore Md,
. .
, .

!
.

assig nor to S S Whi te M anuf a c tu r i ng C o

,
. . .
,

Phil a d e lp hi a P a ,
.

—
Pne u m at i c D e ntal Plugge r F B Th o m a s a nd R P ,
. .
,
. .

L e nno x C a mb ri dge E ngl and

, ,
.

—
D e nt a l A pp a ra tu s S A Mil to n Cli nto n M O ,
. .
, , .

E le ctr ic R e c i p ro cati ng M a chi ne H N M ar vi n Syra

.

—
,
. .
,

cu se N Y ,
. .

—
D e nta l A no dy ne A Cl ark M o ntp e li er V t ,
.
, ,
.

—
D e nt a l B ra ck e t J H oo d a nd S H R e y nold s B o ston
,
. . .
, ,

M a ss .

—
E l e ctr ic R e cipro c a ti ng To ol H N M arvi n Syra ,
. .
,

cu se N Y ; t w o p ate nts
,
. . .

T RA D E M ARK S —
.

—
D e nta l R ubb e r E xc e l si o r R ubb e r W o rk s N e w Yor k ,

a nd B ro o kly n N Y Applic a t i o n fil e d D e c e mb e r
,
. .

u se d S i nc e N o v e mb e r
r e p r e senta t i o n o f a m a n i n t he ac t o f t h r o wi ng

sto ne s the l o w e r e x t re mi t i e s o f t he m a n t e r mi na ti ng
,

in sna k e s ”
.
 PA T E T N S . 33 1

I S S UE D D URING FE B RUARY ,
1 890 .

N o.

—
D e nta l A nze sthe tic ,
R A G . . h amra ,
a ss ig no r o f o ne

h a lf ,
to R E . . M c D o na l d a nd W . G . E b e rso l e , C ar
ro l l to n, O hi o .

—
D e nta l Plugg e r H C ra igi e S a n F ra nci sc o C al ,
.
, ,
.

—
D e nta l Plugge r E M Stro ud a ssig nor t o S S ,
. .
, , . .

Whi te D e nta l M a nuf a c tu r i ng C o Ph il a d e lp hi a P a .

, ,
.

—
E le c tric D r ill I E S to re y B o u ld e r C o l o
,
. .
, ,
.

—
E l e c trically re cip ro c a te d To o l H N M a r v i n Sy ra
-

,
. .
,

cu se N Y ,
. .

6— R u bbe r D am Cl a mp H H J o h nso n a nd S G H ill ,

. . . .
,

L o nd on E ngl a nd sa id H ill a ssigno r to sa i d

,

J o h nso n .

4 21 , 3 2 3 —
D e nta l E ngi ne C H S e e g e r M a ni to w o c “ i s ,
. .
, ,
r
.

—~
D e nta l F o r c e p s C B D ea n N or b or ne M o ,
.
, ,
.

A r tifi ci a l D e nt u r e J A Th ro ckm o r t o n Sid ne y O

—
,
. .
, ,
.

—
C ro w n A nch or R F L udwi g Chic ag o I ll ,
. .
, ,
.

—
D e nta l Pl a te J J S te dm a n L a Por te I nd
,
. .
, ,
.

C o mbi ne d D e nta l S e p a ra tor a nd M a trix W H M a r

—
, . .

sh a ll O xf o rd Mi ss
, ,
.

—
A r ti fi cia l To o t h O L u nd a ssig nor to Joh nso n —
.

L u nd Phil a d e lphi a P a
, ,
.

T A D E M ARK
R —
S .

—
R ubb G er oo ds ,
B t n R ubb
B o sto n M a ss os o er Co .
, ,
.

A pplic t i
a o n fil e d D e c e mb e r 2 7 1 889 ; u se d S i nc e ,

Fe b ru a ry 1 1 889 the re p re se nta t i o n o f a b e ll

,
” “
.

—
L o ca l A na sth e tic M W C o bb a nd E D M e rri a m
e
,
. . . .
,

O be rli n O hi o A pplic a ti on fil e d No ve mb e r 5 th
,

.
, ,

1 889 ; u se d si nc e O c to b e r 1 5 th 1 889 t he w o rd
’
—
, ,

O do ntunde r .

—
A no dy ne M e dici ne , J T Smi th D o na ld so nvill e L a . .
, . .

A pplic a t i o n fil e d A ugu st 1 9 1 889 u se d S i nc e Ju ne ,

1 5 1 889 the
,
N o np a re il .

I S S UE D D URING M AR C H ,
1 890 .

4 2 2 4 20— I nh l
a e r, A S J oh nso n d e c e a se d ; Chi c a g o
. .
, , I ll . M rs .

M . R . J o h nso n a dmi ni tra trix ,

s .
3 32 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DE N T T I S R Y .

N o.

—
D e nta l D r ill A R e tte r U tic a N Y , .
, ,
. .

—
A u to m at ic D e nta l Pl ugger H C B all ard M il wa u , . .
,

k e e Wis
'

.
,

—
A r ti fi ci al T o ot h C ro w n a nd m o u nt i ng t he sa m e W , ,
.

H Ga t e s Phil a d e lphi a P a
.
, ,
.

—
E l e ctrica l D e vice f or U se i n D e nta l O p erati o ns C W ,
. .

a nd G F M a nk er a ssig no r o f o n
. . e th i rd t o H E ,
-

, . .

M a nk e r E lli o tt I o w a, ,
.

—
Galva nic A pp a ra tu s f o r D e nta l Su rgery C W M an ,
. .

k e r a nd G F M a nk er a ssig no r o f o ne t hi r d to H
.

. . .
, ,

E M a nk e r E lli ott I o w a
.
, ,
.

—
A r tifi ci a l T o o t h C ro w n E P B r ow n F lu shi ng N Y ,
. .
, ,
. .

—
E l e c tric M e dic a l C ha i r M A M cM a ste r Utica N Y ,
. .
, ,
. .

—
A r ti fi ci a l T o o th G L Cu r t i s Chic ag o I ll ,
. .
, ,
.

T ADE R —
M ARK S .

—
An dy ne
o J o h nson
,
L ee , Co .
,
R l igh N C Appl i
a e . .

c a ti o n fil e d Fe b r u a ry 4 ,
1 890 u se d S i nc e Augu st 1 ,

1 888 Silv e r L e a f
.
”
“
.

I SS UE D D URING A P RIL ,
1 890 .

42 —
C uspid or J J Pa rsons B ro o kly n N Y
, . .
, ,
. .

—
D e nta l B ridge G L Cu r ti s Sy ra cu se N Y ,
. .
, ,
. .

—
D e nta l M a tr ix R e ta i ne r J W I v ory Phil a de lphi a ,
. .
, ,

Pa .

—
El ectri c a l C o nduc tor J A B a rre tt B ro okly n N Y . . .
, ,
. .

4 25 , 34 4 ~
D e nta l Plugg e r F C R i e s M a c on G a ,
.
, ,
.

—
T o o t h S e p a rat i ng M e ch ani sm J N F a r rar , N e w ,
. .

Yo rk N Y ,
. .

—
T ruck f o r D e nta l C ha i r s B S B ro w n a ssignor to S ,
. .
,
.

S Whi te D e ntal M anuf a ct u r i ng C o P hil a del

. .
,

phi a P a ,
.

—
D enta l P o li shi ng Di sk W N M o rri son S t L o ui s M o ,
. .
,
.
,
.

D e ntal T o ol B J Bi ng Pa r i s F ra nce
'

— .

,
. .
, ,

—
To o t h S e p ar ator W S E lli o tt H a rtf ord C o nn ,
“

. . , ,
.
,

a ssig no r o f o ne h a lf t o J W I v or y Phil a d e lphi a -

. .
,
 P A T EN T S . 3 33

N o.

— D e nta l G ri ndi ng a nd P o li shing Wh e e l L M H a l se y , . .

,

B ro o kly n N Y assig no r to A m e r ic a n D e nta l

,
. .
,

M a nuf a c tu r i ng C o N e w Y o rk N Y .
, ,
. .

—
D e ntal S e p ara to r J G M o re y N e w Y o rk N Y ,
. .
, ,
. .

T RA D E M ARK —
S .

1 7, 81 0— In t um nt
s r e s a nd A ppli nc
Cu r e of D ise a Se s a es f o r the ,

H cul er e s S a nch e D e t ro i t Mich A pplicati o n fil e d , ,

.

D e c e mb e r 1 8 1 889 u se d S i nc e J a nu ary 1 1 884

, ,

the w o r d E l e c tr opo i se
,
.

I S S UE D D URING M AY , 1 890 .

El e ctr ic D e nta l Plugg e r Wm ,

'

. E G ibb . s, N ew Y or k ,

N Y . .

—
D e nta l M a tr ix W H M ar sh a ll O xfo r d Mi ss
,
. .
, ,
.

4 27, 275— D e nta l E l e v a tor D a ni e l Sidd all T he D a ll e s O re go n

, , , .

— M a ndre l f or D e nta l Di sk s J o h n Pugh Phil a d e lphi a , , ,

Pa .

4 27, 780— H an d pi e c e
—
f or D e nta l E ngi n e s, Wm . R . M a rsh ,
Bo s
to n, M a ss .

—
’
Phy sici a n s C a bi ne t M ,
. N o ll a nd F A L
.
,
o we ,
At chi
so n, Kn a s .

—
D e nta as l Fl k
Jo h n E R e gi ste r D o v er D e l
,
.
, ,
.

—
R ubb e r S trippi ng D e vi c e N C V id etto So u th Fra ,
. .
,

m ingha m M a ss ,
.

— E l e ctric M otor W H Ch a pm a n A ssigno r to G i a nt

,
. .
,

E l e ctric M otor C o B ost o n M ass .

, ,
.

T RA D E M ARK —
S .

1 7, 91 2 — A nti se p tic A t i ng nt E T
J e ste r C o S t L o ui s
s r e s, . . . .

Mo . a A pplic ti n fil d M
o e a r ch 2 5 1 890 u se d si nc e ,

Ap ril 1 888 the w ord P i nal

,
— ~

,
“
.

—
Hyp no ti c M e di ci ne H K Wa mp ol e C o Pl ril a dc] ,
. . .
,

phi a P a A pplic a ti o n fil e d M a rch 7 1 890 ; u se d

,
.
,

si nc e F e b r u a ry 2 7 1 890 t he w o rd s W a m po l e s ’ —
, ,

H y pno B ro mic C o mp o u nd
-
in f a nciful r e d l e t te rs , .
3 34 TH E AR C HI VE S OF DEN T I S TR Y .

I S S UE D D URING J UN E —
(T o T HE 2OT H ONLY) .

—
A r tifi ci a l T o ot h ,
Alf re d P age a nd S S Bl o o m Phil a
. .
,

d e lphi a P a , .

—
I nh a l e r Alfre d
,
H R
. a m ey a nd F . D . R o lli ns , A u r ora ,

I lli noi s .

—
G ene r at or El
c tric a lly R e cip ro c ate d T ool s H arr y
f or e ,

N M ar vi n Sy ra cu se N Y
.
, . . .

— R e ser v o i r Sy r i ng e S E C oo k Holdre ge N e b
,
. .
, ,
.

—
A rtifi ci al Toot h C ro w n D a vid G e ne se B al tim o re Md
, , ,
.

AM ERI AN DEN T AL P R O T E C T I VE A S S O C I A T ION D R H J

C . . .

M C K E L L O P S i n Cosm os said th a t a p e rso n w ho ha d o nc e t a k e n

, ,
“

o u t a lic e nse f r o m t he A m e r i c a n T o o th C ro w n C o mp a ny c o uld

‘

ne v e r a v o id t a ki ng o ut a lic e nse t h e re a f te r Si nc e t hi s i s st ill i n .

li tig ati on i t i s b e tte r a nd m o re e c o no mic a l f or a p e rso n t o tak e

,

o ut no lic e nse S i nc e if he i s p r o se cu te d t h e re c a n o nly b e the

, ,

b a ck ro y a l ty c o ll e cte d no b ack lic ense H e sugge sts th at de ans

—
.

o f d e nt a l c o ll e g e s p o i nt o u t t h e se t hi ng s t o the st ud e nt s a nd ,

b ri ng t h e m up i n t he w ay t h e y sh o uld go I t i s the du ty of .

e v e ry d e nt i st l o y a l t o the p r o f e ssi o n t o j o i n t he A m e r ic a n D en

t al P ro t e ct iv e A sso ci a t i o n .

ED T O I R AR f ol l o wi ng p ar a gra ph whi ch I co pi e d
C H I V E sz— T he ,

t o my no te b oo k fr o m a n ar t icl e by B F D a v e np o rt M D i n
-
. .
,
. .
,

the B o st o n fil e di ca l a nd S u r gi ca l Jou r na l f or J a nu a ry 7 1 886 , ,

se e m s t o m e w o rt hy o f b e i ng re p r i nt e d A fte r so m e y e ar s of .

u se I i nd o r se m ost h e a r tily the e ffici e ncy o f c o u m ar i n a s a d e o

,

d or o z e r o f i o d o f or m
“
D eod or i z a ti on of Jodof orm D r S to u t fi nd s th a t the b e st .
—
.

e ffe c t s wi th o u t a l te r i ng the t h e r a p e u t ic e ff e c t are t o b e o b t a i ne d

, ,

fro m c oum a rin v a nil l in and ci nna mic a cid C om bi ne d wi t h one

, ,
.

fif th p ar t by w e igh t o f ci nna mic a cid i t c a n b e u se d a s a fi ne pow ,

d e r the a cid a c t i ng b o th a s a d e o do r i z e r a nd a s a na nt i se p t ic O ne
, .

ni nt h p a rt o f c o um a r i n c o v e r s t he o d o r best D r S to u t re co m . .

m e nd s th at a mix t u re o f the fi v e p o wd e r s b e m a d e a nd k e p t i n
sto pp er e d b ot tl e o ne o r t w o m o nths b e f o re u se
”
.

H W G ILLE T . . .
 B ri e f m e nti o n .

MEHARR Y DEN T AL DE PARTM EN T OF CEN T RAL TENNE S S EE

COLLEGE c o nf e rre d the d e g re e of a t t he l a st c o mm e nc e

m e nt o n D a vid F F e rr ill W a co T e x as a nd Sim o n J W a tki ns

.
, , ,
.

M e nrpl ri s T e nn ,
.

S OU T H W OR T H S ’
FLA S H ANNEALI NG LA MP .

P AT EN T AP P L I ED FO R .

Thi s l a mp i s the i nv e nt i o n of D r S S S o uthw o rth of S a c . . .

,

r a m e nt c C alif o r ni a
,
T he a ppli a nc e i s i nte nd e d f o r a n
. ne a li ng
go ld i n the m o u th e sp e ci a lly i n c ase s o f re stora ti on o f pitte d
, ,

m o i st e ne d o r f r a c tu re d filli ng s Th o se w ho h av e se e n i ts u se .
.

sp e a k v e ry highly o f i t F u rth e r p a rticul ars will b e fu rni sh e d

.

by a dd re ssi ng the i nv e ntor .

CO N T OU R FI D R A W H ARLA N
L L I N Gs—
Di scu ssi ng a t the
. . .
—

F i rst Di strict D ental S o ci e ty S tate of N e w Y ork Cosmos , ,

I do not p ro f e ss to b e a n ide al o p e rat iv e d e nti st I do not .

p rof e ss to b e one w ho m a k e s c o nto u r his go d I do not p ro fe ss .

t o b e e v e n o ne w h o c a n m a k e t he m o st p e rf e ctly so lid g o ld plug

i n a t o o th wh e th er it b e pulpl e ss o r livi ng
,
But I h a v e ey e s .
,

a nd I se e I h a v e b e en engage d in the p ra ctic e of d e nti stry f o r

.

m o re t h a n tw e nty y e a rs a nd I h a v e se e n a l a rg e num b e r o f
,

t e e th du r i ng t h at tim e I h a v e se e n i ndiffe re nt o p e ra t i o ns I
[
.

h a v e se e n o p e ra ti o ns th a t w e re b e l o w the o rd e r o f re spe c ta b il
i ty ; I h a v e se e n o p e ra ti o ns b o th o f c o nto u r a nd a tte nrptcd
c o nto u r and fla t su rf a c e s And if y o u w e re to ask m e no w
,
.

ha d I a t o o th t o b e fill e d ho w w o uld I lik e to h a v e t he o p e ra

, .

ti o n d o ne I sh o uld say by a l l m e a ns if y o u are c a p a bl e o f pe r

, , ,

f o rmi ng th a t o p e ra ti o n a nd if it i s to b e done wi th g o ld r e sto re

, ,

i t to i ts o rigi na l o u tli ne .
”
336 TH E AR C HI V E S OF DE N
T T IS R Y .

DIE D —
Ou S a tu r d a y M y 3 1 t 5 30 Pa a : M p ne um o ni a
of

w k C l iht n A tki n
, ,
.
,
. .

af te r a n ill ne ss o f fi v e e e s o so n, M D D e an of
the C o ll e g e o f Phy sici a ns ah
, . .
,

d Su rg e o ns ,
N ew Yor k E lde st .

so n o f W H A t ki nso n N e w Y o r k. .
,
.

AN E VIL N CORRE C T ION W e h a v e had f re qu e nt o cca

E E D I N G —

s i o n t o no t e the u nw a rr a nte d m o dific a t i o ns m

.

a d e by t he a u t h o rs

i n the r e p ort s of r e m a r k s m a d e a t a sso ci a t i on m e e t i ng s wh e n ,

’
the ste no g ra ph e r s re p o r t which w e ha d r e aso n to b e li e v e w as ,

sub st a nt i a lly c o rr e c t has b e e n tra nsmi tte d t o t h e m f or corr e c

,

t i on .Wh e n p ro o f i s se nt t o w ri ters or sp e a k e rs it i s f or the ,

pu r p o se o f e na bli ng t h e m to c orre ct a ny i na ccu ra ci e s in the

r e p or t a nd t o m a k e such mi no r m o dific a t i o ns o f l a n ira e as
, g g
w ill m or e cl e a r ly e xp re ss t he t h o ugh t i nte nd e d t o b e c o nv e y e d .

A n e x t e nd e d e l a b o ra t i o n t wi c e o r th re e t ime s t he sp a c e o ccupi e d
by a ste no g ra phic re p ort i ncludi ng r e m ar k s which ha d not b e e n ,

u tte re d o r such ch ange s i n se nse a s t o m a k e the r e m ark s o f the

,

sp e a k e r s w ho f o ll o w e d wi t h o u t m e a ni ng i s no t a n unu su a l o ccu r ,

r e nc e I nstanc e s ar e not ra re i n which wh e n a sp e a k er ha s b ee n

.
,

c r i tici se d by sub se qu e nt sp ea k e r s t o his di sa dv anta ge the por ,

t i o ns o f the r e m a rk s a ni m a dv e rt e d up o n a re e limi na t e d m a ki ng ,

i t ne c e ssary t h a t t he str ic t ure s sho uld a l so b e e limi na te d Thi s .

i s m anif e st ly u nf a i r a nd i mp ose s a n u npl e asant ne c e ssi ty up on

,

a n e di to r S ma rt r e j o i nd e rs are so m e t im e s i nte rp o l at e d whi ch

.

did no t o ccu r to t he S p ea k e r u nt il a fte r t he a dj o u rnm e nt of the

m e e t i ng a nd which ha d t h e y b e e n S p o k e n w o uld p ro b a bly h a v e
, , ,

b ee n m e t by a k e e n r e tor t ; b ut as no o pp o rtu ni ty f o r re ply .

w a s a ff o r d e d t he g e ntl e m a n t hu s i nt e r p o l a t i ng hi s l a t er w it i s
,

l e f t a pp are ntly m aste r of the fi e ld up o n which he ha d b e e n

, , ,

a c t ua lly v a nqui sh e d .

I t w o uld se e m t h a t w h e n a sp e a k e r ha s e it h e r pu rp ose ly o r
i na dv e rte ntly e x p re sse d a n o pi ni o n e mpl oy e d a n argum e nt or , ,

m a d e a st a te m e nt which the cr i tici sm s of hi s c onfre r e s h a v e

c a u se d hi m to re g re t the l e gi tim a te c o u rse i s, in the l angu a ge
,

o f t he r i ng t o t a k e hi s pu ni shm e nt lik e a m a n Such c o u rse ”

, .

w o uld sa v e r e p ort e rs a nd e di to rs much u nm e r i te d c ri ti ci sm f or

c are l e ss r e p o rtor i al w o rk o r u nne c e ssa ry and i nj udici o u s e di t ,

i ng —
E di tor i a l i n Cosm os
 T HE

S UC C E S S O R TO

Uissouri nenta l Jo urna l , a l so Cons ol i da te d wi th N ew E ngl a nd Journa l of D entistry .

VOL . V II .
,
N O . AUGU ST ,
1 890 . N
[ E W SE R I E S .

reI nS l eI tic n .

TH E S U PE R NUMERAR Y AN D H Y P O N UM E R AR Y
T EE T H O F T H E HU M AN JA W WITH ,

APE N D E X R ELA T ING T o T H E so

C ALLE D D E N T I T I O C I TE D
P OF BU H BY R . D R . SC .

T R AN S L AT E D BY HV W . E J J
AN S AN G E L I N , D D . S .
, FO R . . R . P AT R I C K ,

BE L L E VI L L E . ILL S .

I (CO N
295 T N U E D FR O M P A G E

N o w a f te r h a vi ng f o ll o w e d a l l th e se t e e t h i n a l l di re cti o ns
,

t he qu e sti o n a r i se s w h e re i s the o rigi n o f th e se sup e rnum e ra ry

,

t e e th ? And to thi s m ay b e sa id th a t th e re are tw o p ossibi l i t i e s :

th ey m ay b e e i th e r ca u se d by a m e ch anic a l spli tti ng of the bud
o f the t oo th o r g a n o r e l se o ne m a
y b e i ncli ne d to thi nk th a t i t i s
-

a re tro g re ssi o n; f or it i s th o ught t h a t the a nc e st o rs o f m a n w e re

w e ll suppli e d wi th t e e th a nd which i n the sl o w c o u rse of cv

, ,

o l u tio n ha d b e e n l o st
, T o m a k e it sh o r t I will t a k e fi rst the
.
,

( 337)
338 TH E A R C H I VE S OF DE N T T I S R Y .

m e ch anic a l a nd t h e n the re tro g re ssiv e origi n T he a nc e sto rs o f .

m an a r e u nk no w n a nd t h e re i s no p o si t iv e i nfo r m at i o n a s to
,

t h e i r d e nt i t i o n A fte r a di l ige nt se ar ch in z ool ogy th e re ha s

.
,

b e e n a d o p te d a u ni v e rsa l to ot h for mul a a nd i t i s r e a d a cc o rdi ng

,

t o Ch a rl e s T o m e s :
I nc 3 C. Pre m 3 M o 5; . 44.
. .

T he g r o u nd o n w hich t hi s fo r mul a i s b a se d i s f ro m the f a ct

t h a t m a m m a l s i n t he a ge a t which t im e t he o rigi n o f m a mm a l s
fi rst ge ne r ally a pp e a r ha d t hi s f o rmul a qui te num e ro usly ; a nd
,

the livi ng pl a c e nta l m a mm a l s of t o day if t a k e n by g ro u ps v e ry

-

, ,

r a r e ly v a r y f ro m t he g i v e n f o r mul a o f t h a t g ro up A s t o the .

r e t ro g re ssiv e o r igi n i t m ay b e ask e d if the su pe r nu m e ra r v te e t h

,

w hi ch a pp e ar i n t he hum a n j a w a t the p re se nt t im e a re a S ign ,

t h a t m a n i n the l o ng c o u rse o f e v o lu t i o n ha s l o st si ngl e t e e t h

, ,

o u t o f the g e ne r a l f o r mul a ? W e will now e xpl a i n the S i ngl e

t o o t h g ro up s to se e if th e y giv e a ny i nf or m a t io n o f t he o r igi n o f
,

s up e r nu m e ra ry t e e t h .

I n t he g ro up s o f i nci so r s i t f re qu e nt] y h a pp e ns t h a t t he sup e r

num era r y t o o th i s i n t he i nt ersp a c e b e t w ee n t he c e nt ra l i nci so r s .

A t t hi s S p a c e i t i s c e rta i n t h a t t he o r igi n o f m an ha d no t o o th .

A si ngl e m e di a l tooth i n a gro up of m a mm al s i s a n u nh e a r d of

o ccu rr e nc e .

T he bil a te ra l typ e i s f o und i n a l l c ase s a nd t he r igh t S id e o f ,

t he o ppos ing j a w ha s the sa m e numb e r a nd s h a p e a s t he l e f t .

I t c a nno t t h e r e f or e be t h ro ugh t hi s t h a t the p e g t o o th i n t he

, ,

i nte rsp a c e i s a r e m na nt o f the o r igi n O f m a n b u t t h at i t i s ,

c a u se d by a m e ch a nic a l divi si o n of t he t oo th bud T he f re .

q u e n e y O f i t s o ccu r e nc e i s p ossibly t he m e a ns O f a n e xpl a na t i o n ,

a s i t i s i n t hi s si t u a t i o n a t which the t w o i nci siv e b o ne s m e e t i n

t he m e di a l li ne S uch pl a c e s o f u ni o n are o fte n the seat of i rre gu
.

l a r at i e s
. V i r ch o w m e nt i o ne d the f a c t t h a t the m e di a l li ne i s
o f te n t he se a t o f e nl a r g e d v e sse l s which h a v e re c e iv e d t he na m e

o f fi ssu re o f a ng ro m e T he o ne case i n wh ic h t hi s too th a ppe ar s

.

d o ubl e c o nfo r m s w i t h t hi s t h e ory I t m ust b e stat e d t h a t the

,
.

l o w e r j a w wi t h its re gul ar d e v e l o pm e nt o f the t w o l at era l h a lv e s

i s ne v e r t he se a t of such i rre g ul a r i ty a nd if possi b l y e v e r so
'

r are no t t o b e no t i ce d .

T he ne x t i n f r e q u e ncy a r e the pe g a nd k no b t e e th o f the a lv e o

 T R A N S LA T I ON . 3 39

I ar p ro c e ss o f the i nci siv e b o ne I h a v e o b se rv e d 3 to a c a se ,

.

whil e M ag ito t ha s Ob se r v e d 5 to a c a se ; Thi s figu re cl e a rly

o v e r rid e s a ny t h o ugh t o f re t ro g re ssi o n i n m a n a s the g e ne ra l ,

to o t h f o rm ul a has o nly t wo m o re i nci so r s t h a n t he to o t h f or mul a

o f m an . A l so in the for m a nd p o si ti o n o f th e se te e th th e re i s
s e ld o m a ny r e gul ar i ty t h a t t h e y m u st b e f o r m e d by spli tt i ng of
,

t he bud s o f t he te e t h by c o nflic ti ng p re ssu re Thi s i s a na l o go u s

'

t o th e s pl i tt i ng o f the bud s O f t he gf dat gl a nd s o f the a bd o m

’ ,

'

i na l c a vi ty m o re p articul a rly t he spl e e n; a nd th e se e x tra gl a nd s

,

a r e c a ll e d se i ne s su c ce nt uri a Th e y v a ry f r Om the siz e of a l in

‘

t a l t o t h a t o f a g o o d siz e d w a l nu t a nd a r e e nc l o se d w i thi n the

-

sa m e c o v e r i ng a s t he p are nt o rg a n N O o ne ca n t hi nk to fi nd
.

t he c a u se o f t h e se i ssu e s o f t he gl a nd i n supp o si ng t h a t t he
o r igi n o f m a nha d gl a nd s o f t he a bd o mi na l c a vi ty i n g re a t nu mb ers .

N o r lik e wi se d o I se e i n the S pli tti ng of t he bud s i n the d e cid

u o u s s e t t he o r igi n o f pe g k no b t e e t h wh ich are f o u nd i n the
-

p al a te p ro c e ss of the i nci siv e b o ne a nd which a re not a na l o go u s

,

t o t h o se o f the l o w e r j a w T he k no w n p ro c e ss O f the cl e a v a g e
.

O f the e pi the tial b a nd a f te r t he buildi ng o f t he muc o u s m e m

b ra ne is p ro b a bly the f o u nd a ti o n by which spli tti ng o f the bud

o ccu rs . I t i s st r iki ng t h a t t he i nci siv e b one sh o uld b e the
p osi ti o n wh e re t hi s m ostly o ccu rs ; and t he e xpl ana t i on o f thi s i s
s till u nd e cid e d T he re a son why a sup e r num e ra ry a pp ea rs
.

no w li k e a p eg a nd i n t he ne x t c ase lik e a k no b i s o nly e xpl a i n

a bl e b t h e m e ch anic a l spli tt i ng o f the b u d
y .

I n the t hi r d c ase a re th o se sup e rnum e ra ry t e e t h which h a v e

t he typic a l f o r m o f t he i nci sor te e th Th e se a re f o rnre d i n t he .

l o w e r a s w e ll a s i n upp e r j a w ; and t h e y a pp e a r m o stly si ngl e ,

s o m e t i me s d o ubl e b u t rare ly if e v e r m o re th a n 3
, , I do not ,
.

k no w o f a c a se giv e n i n t he li te ra tu re whic h ha d m o re th a n 2 ,

e i th e r i n t he upp e r o r l o w e r a w M a ito t d o e s no t m e nt i o n a
j g .

c ase o f t h a t ch a ra c te r i n his T ra i te d e s A no m a li e s D enta isie s

“ ”
.

A m a d e i w ho e x a mi ne d the 3000 skull s t h a t a re i n the b o ne h o u se

,
-

o f S o l f e rnis a nd S a n M arti no f o u nd o ne a nd r a re ly t w o sup e r

, ,

num e ra r y i nci so r s ; a nd t h e se a pp e a re d o n t he sa m e sid e o f the

'
’ ’
upp e r j a w in the se v e n a pp e a ri ng Ca se s T he no rm a l too th .

f o rmul a o f the i nci so rs of the ge ne ra l to o th fo rmul a o f m a m

m a l s is th e re f ore no t o v e rrul e d by th e se c a se s I I I t he ch e ck .
34 0 T H E AR CH I V ES OF DE N T I ST R Y .

i ng of the no rma l nu mb e r by t h ose of d isti nc t ty pi cal

of te e t h
‘

b u ild e qu a l divi si o n i n the uppe r a s w e ll as the l o wer j a w

,
'

g iv es co l or to the suppo si tio ntha t t h e se tee t h h a v e a ta vi sh o ri i n;

g
f or in the me ch a ni ca l spl it ti ng o f t he b ud such re gul a ri ty o f ,

nu m b e r a nd f o rm w oul d b e i m po ssi bl e I n t hi s act a ppe ar to be .

l a w s whi c h the supe rnum e ra ry te e t h o b e y a nd the se l a w s c a n ,

har dly be diffe re nt tha n t ha t o l d a nce st o ri a l tradit i ons with e v e ry ,

no w a nd t h e n a ppe a ri ng i n the succe sso rs A n Obj e ct i on .

a a i nst thi s sta t e m e nt ca n p ro b a bly b e f o und i n t h o se c a se s i n

g
whi ch the supe rnu m e rary a ppea r o nthe sa m e sid e as i n the case s
o b ser v e d by my se l f a nd i n the se v e n c a se s m e nt i o ne d by A m a
,

de i. I t h a pp e ns i n m y ca se as muc h a s I ca n l e a rn f ro m the
,

c a st t h a t t h e re i s o ne su pe r nu me rar y i nc i sor a nd o ne pe g too th

, ,

a nd a s A m a de i m e nt i o ns t h a t he sa w i n one c ase o ne o f t h e se

S up e rnu m e ra ry w as a b u l l e t too th i t i s p ro b a bl e th a t i n b o t h of
,

th e se case s t w o supe rnum e ra ry i nci sor te e th w ere pl a c e d on the

,
.

sa m e sid e of the u pp e r j a w .

T he g roup o f ca nine s o ff e r no a l te ra t i on as th er e a r e no sup er ,

nu m e rar y f ou nd i n t hi s g ro u p .

T he gro up o f p re m o l ars w hi c h a fte r Jo h n H u nter s ti m e ’

,

w e re c a ll ed bi c usp id s f o r th e i r b a v e ng t w o c u sp s sh o w the gre a t

, ,

est l o ss a cc or d i ng t o the c o m par i so n b e t we e n t he f o r mul a i na s ,

m uch a s t h e re a re o nly e ight te e th whi c h a re pl a ce d i n f o u r re g u

l ar pl a ce s t wo i n e a c h si d e o f e ac h j a w
,
I n t hi s se t o ne w o uld .

su pp ose t o fi nd the m o st e v ide nc e o f re t ro g re ssi o n My o b se r .

va t i o n d oe s not giv e m e the sligh te st h o l d in thi s di re c ti o n ,

ne ithe r d oe s a ny of t he li te ra t u re t o my k no wl e dg e M agi to t
,
.

ha d no ca se by w hi ch he co u ld m a k e such a n a sse rt i on He .

giv e s h o w e v e r t h re e c a se s o f strange o b se rv a ti on : Fi rst ca se

, , ,

i n Mu se um of B e r li n o ne sup e r num e rar y p re m o l ar

, Anth ro .

p o l o g i ca l divi si o n N O 73 76 c a se 2 o ne sup e rnu m erary p r e m o l a r

,
.
, , ,

o b se r v e d by Mum m ery i n t he skull o f a n A u st ra li a n C a se 3 .

,

f ou r sup e rnum e ra ry we l l d ev e l o pe d m o l ars and t h ree sm a ll su

‘

, ,

rnu m e rary p r e m o l a rs i n p o sse ssi o n of P ro f L a nger i n t he

p e ,
.
,

skull of a ne g ro T he l a t ca se i s u nd o ub te dly t he sa m e a s
.
s

V e dl i n hi s Pa th o l ogy ( p a g e 73 illu st ra te d a nd ci te s sk ul l i n
V
, ,

p ossessi on o f Pro f L a nge r) F ro m t hi s illu strat i o n he sta te s

. .
,

t h a t M a gi to t i n re ga r d to sup e r num e rary p r e m o l a rs w as i n error

, , .
 TRA N S LA T ION . 34 1

O u t id
s e of th e se
f o u r supe rnum era ry m o l ar s t h e r e is o nly o ne su ,

p e r n u m e rar y p r e m o l ar o n t he l e ft s id e o f l o w e r
j a w I t m u s t t h e re .

fo re b e th a t Pro f L a nge r ha s tw o sk ull s the o ne h a vi ng f o u r

.
—

sup e rnum e ra ry m o l a rs a nd t h re e p re mol a rs a nd o ne wi t h f o u r

s up e rnum e r a ry m o l ar s a nd o ne p re m
,

o l ar A made i sta te s t h a t .

he ha s fo u nd si x skull s wi th sup e r nu m e rar y p re mol a rs Of .

t h e se S i x c a se s he has f o u nd fi v e h a v e o ne a nd o ne ha s t wo such
t e e th . H e h o w e v e r a dd s t h a t t h e y m ay h a v e b ee n b u lle t
, ,

t e e th o r e l se l o ng d e ta i ne d c a ni ne s ; whi c h o f c o u rse d e t ra c t s a
, , ,

g r e a t d e a l f ro m t he v a lu e o f t he o b se r v a t i o n A v e ry e xtrao r .

d i na ry c a se i s ci te d by H S U nd e r w o o d i n the B r i ti sh D e nta l
. .
,

A sso ci a t i o n of M ar ch 1 5 86 of a supe r i o r m axill ary h a vi ng

’
, ,

e igh t p r e m o l a rs H e ha d a n illu st ra t i o n o f t he uppe r j a w of a

:

s i x tee ir y e a r o l d gi r l wi th cl e f t p a l a t e a nd h a i r lip
- -
Th e re w e re .

o n t he r igh t sid e si x w e ll d e v e l o p e d bi c uspi d s -

O f the se f our .
,

s to o d i n the a r ch a nd t w o w e r e o n the l i ngu a l sid e

,
Th e y w e re .

no r m a l i n f o r m a nd siz e T he o ne ne x t t o t he ca ni ne i s tu rne d
.

s o t h a t the li ngu a l su r f a c e ha s b e c o m e t he nre si a l a nd the m e s

i a l ha s b e c o m e the f a ci al All the re st of the te e th are p re se nt

.
,

a nd b e sid e s th e se t w o sm a l l
'

, p e g t e e th
, O ne of t h e se l a t te r is .

f o u nd b a ck of the l e f t c e ntra l i nci sor a nd t he o th e r i s b e tw e e n ,

t he l e f t l a te ra l a nd c a ni ne ( T a k e n f ro m the A u st ro H u n a r ia n
.
g
—

Q u a r ter l y fo D e n t i s tr y 1 8 86 N o ,
Thi s c ase s t a,
nd s a l o
. n e ,

a nd f ro m t he a b o v e d e sc r ip t i o n it a pp e a rs t h a t the plu ra li t y o f

p re m ol ars with typica l w e ll d e v e l o p e d t e e th b e l o ng s t o the m ost

,
-

s e ld o m o ccu r re nc e s a nd ne e d no t t h e r e f o re h a v e sp e ci a l a tt e n
, , ,

t i o n p a id to i t .

T he plu ra li ty o f l o w e r p re m o l a rs i s g r e a te r I h a ve a c a se in .

K l e i nm ann s c o lle cti on of a w e ll d e v e l o p e d su pe rnum e rary pre

’ -

m ol ar A se cond c ase i s We dl s illu stra t i o n o f the ne g ro S kull

.
’
.

A thi rd c a se is t a k e n fro m the Austro H unga r ia n Q u a r ter l y -

D enta l Jou r na l a nd c o m es f ro m F i sh e r C o l b rie illu stra ti o n

,
—
,

1 886 b o o k 2
,
I d on t k no w of a ny m ore ca ses N o w th a t th e se
.
’
.
,

c a se s a re a l l typic a l build a nd do no t e ve n re a ch the no rm a l ,

numb e r f o u r I a m i ncli ne d to b e li e v e th a t it i s a S ig n o f a ta v is h
,

r e t ro g re ssi o n .

[To BE
M I SS OURI STA T E D ENT AL A SS O C IATION FRO M ,
1 865
TO
BY W H EA M E S . .
,
ST . LOUI S .

M r P r esi dent cm d G entl em en

. .

At the 2 5 th u l m e e t i ng h e ld a t thi s pl a c e l a st y e ar the

a nn a , ,

Q u ar to C e ntenni a l o f thi s A sso ci a t i o n i t w a s d ee m e d e mi ne ntly

—
,

p ro p e r to d e vote so m e p or ti on o f the t im e of the m e e t i ng to

e x e r c i se s o f a n a nniv e rsa ry ch ara c t e r which m ar k a n e p o ch i n ,

the A sso ci a ti o n s hi st ory ; a p o i nt f ro m which t o r e vi e w t he p a st

’

a nd f ro m which w e migh t r e c ko n the g re at a dva nc e s which i t i s ,

h o p e d the A sso ci at i on will m a k e in t he ne x t t w e nty fi v e y e ars

,
- .
.

A m ong the m atters fi tti ng the o ccasi on and which migh t be ,

.

b r o ugh t up w a s a r e vi e w of t he w or k o f the A sso ci a t i o n du r i ng

,

the p a st Wi t h the vi e w of a idi ng i n thi s w o r k I p re p are d the

.
,

foll o wi ng b r i e f sy no p si s of the hi st ory of the A sso ci a ti o n a s ,

f o u nd re c or d e d i n the b o o k s of the S e c re ta ry Ci r cum sta nc e s .

p re v e nte d it s p r e se nt a ti o n o n t h at o cc a si o n ; i t i s t h e re f o re
submi tte d a t t hi s t im e by r e qu e st Th e se re c ord s I fi nd v e ry
.

i nc o mpl e t e and u nsa t i sfa ct ory f or my pu rp o se T he ne e d o f .

so m e m or e sy ste m a t ic a nd c o mpl e t e m e th o d of re c ordi ng the

tr ansa c ti o ns of t he A sso ci a t i o n ha s b e e n m a d e p a i nfully e vid e nt
-

t o m e i n thi s w o r k of r e vi e wi ng a nd I c o uld wi sh f or the b e ne , ,

fi t o f the A sso ci at i o n t h a t e a ch i ndivid u a l might h a v e t he ev i

,

d e nce I h a v e g a i ne d N o ot her a r gum e nt w o uld b e ne e d e d to

.

c onvi nc e any m e mb e r o f the imp o rt anc e of p ro vidi ng f or a c o m

l e t e a nd p e r m a ne nt r e c o r d o f t h e se a nnu a l m e e t i ng s o f t he
p
Asso ci a ti on .

A t the p re limi nary m ee ting of the A m e ri c a n D e nt a l A sso c i a.

t i o n h e ld a t N i a g a r a F a ll s A u gu st 1 85 9 a re so lu ti on w as o ffe r e d
, , , .

*
R ead be
’
o re t he A sso c ia ti on a t P e r t l e S p r i ng s , M O .
, J ul y 9, 1 890 .

( 342 )
 S ocmr m s . 34 3

by D r . S uc sscro tt,d o p te d c a lli ng u p o n the p ro f e ssi o n in

a nd a ,

t he d iff e re nt S ta te s to m e e t a nd o rg a niz e S ta te S o ci e t i e s a nd
, ,

to se nd d e l e g a te s t o t he ni e xt m e e ti ng o f the A sso ci a ti o n O hi o .

a nd I ndi a na a nd I b e li e v e so m e o f the E aste r n S ta t e s ha d a l re a dy

, ,

S ta t e o rg a niz a t i o ns b u t the W e ste r n S ta te s ha d no ne a nd t h e re

, ,

fo re c o uld h a v e 11 0 re p re se nta t i o n in the A m e r ica n A sso ci a ti o n a s ,

t hi s w a s o rg a niz e d a s a re p re se nt a tiv e b o dy O wi ng to the dis .

t u rb e d c o ndi ti o n o f t he c o u nt ry o n a cc o u nt o f o u r l a te u npl e a s

no thi ng w a s d o ne t o w a r d s c ar ryi ng o u t t he p ro vi si o ns
”
a nt ne ss ,

o f t h i s re so lu t i o n t ill t he y e ar 1 864 D uri ng the l a tte r p a r t o f .

o f t h a t y e a r so m e o f the l e a di ng m e n i n the S ta t e s o f I lli no i s

'

, ,

I o wa a nd Mi ssou r i by co rre sp onde nce a nd p e rsona l i ntervi e w s

, ,

se t t he b a ll i n m o t i o n D r H E P e e bl e s o f S t L o ui s Wa s
. . . .
,
.
,

t he m o vi ng spi r i t in Mi sso u r i a nd t h r o ugh a n e x te nsiv e c orre s , ,

p o n d e n ce wi t h m e m b e rs o f t h e p r o f e ssi o n i n a l l p a r t s o f t he

S ta te succ e e d e d i n se cu r i ng the co op e rat i o n o f m a ny o f t he

,

b e st m e n of the S tate in p e r fe c t i ng the w o r k o f o rg a nizi ng a

S ta t e S o ci e ty S o m e t im e du r i ng the f a ll of 1 86 5 the S t L o ui s
.
,
.

D e nta l S o ci e ty i ssu e d a ca ll f 0 1 a m e e t i ng o f the p rof e ssi o n o f

the S ta te t o b e h e ld a t S t L o ui s O cto b e 1 3 1 st to ta k e i nto co n
,
.
, ,

sid e ra t i o n t he o r g a niz a t i o n o f a S ta t e A sso ci a t i o n .

P e r sua nt t o t hi s c a ll so m e six ty d e nti st s m e t a t N e w Chu r ch

,

H all i n t he Ci ty o f S t L o ui s a nd p ro c e e d e d in the w o rk o f
, .
,

o rg a nizi ng the Mi sso u r i S t a te D e nt a l A sso ci a t i o n Dr J S . . . .

C l a rk of S t L ou i s f o r m e rly o f N e w O rl e a ns w as c a ll e d to t he
, .
‘

,
,

ch a 1 r ; D r G S M o rse o f C o lumbi a a c t i ng a s se c re ta ry A
. . .
, , .

c o nst i t u ti o n a nd b y l a w s w e re f ra m e d a nd a d o pt e d w hi ch c o nsti
-

t u te t he b a si s o f the l a w g o v e r ni ng the A sso ci a t i o n t o da y T he -

m e e ti ng o ccupi e d the tim e o f t w o d ay s a nd wi th t he e x e cu tiv e

w o rk di sc u ssi ons a nd cli nic s no ti m e w a s l o st B ut o ne p a p e r
, , ,
.

w a s r e a d a t thi s m e e ti ng D r J o se ph Spy e r cl a im e d to b e the

. .

a u t h o r the subj e c t
,
Di se a se s o f the T e e th T he f o ll o wi ng li st .

o f t o pi c s i nt ro duc ed f o r d i scu s si o n a t t hi s m e e ti ng sh o w s th a t ,

the mi nd of the d e nti st o f t h a t d a y w a s e x e r ci se d up o n the sa m e

q ue sti o ns th a t w e o f to day a re se e ki ng to so lv e -

l st . Why i s it th a t r ubb e r d oe s no t vulc a niz e to the sa m e

e x te nt a t a l l tim e s wi t h t he sa m e a m o u nt o f h e a t
,
a nd l e ng th o f ,

tim e ?
 34 4 TH E A R C HI V E S or DE N T I S TR Y .

2d . i
U se of id f or d e stroyi ng p ulp s
ar se n o u s ac .

3d . E xp o se d pulp s th e i r tre atm e nt , .

4 th I nfla m m at i ono f pe r ide nta l m e mb rane

. .

5 th Fang filli ng
. .

6 th O ur fa ilu r e s
. .

7th A case o f e x te nsive a b sor pti o n o f the i nfe r ior m a xill a ;

.

b e st m e th o d of re t a i ni ng a pl ate i n su c h a case .

O ne h a lf of the se cond day o f t hi s m e e t i ng w as d e v o te d t o

W i tne ssi ng cli ni cs giv e n by D rs I Fo rb e s H E Pe e bl e s H . .
,
. .
,
.

J M cK il l ops H e nry B arron Jo seph Pa y ne and W H E a m e s

.
, ,
. .
,

a t th e i r o ffi c es Wh at th ese cli ni cs we re the re c or d s do no t

.
,

i ndica te b ut w e k no w t h ey mu st h a v e b e e n i nte re sti ng and

,

i nstr uc t iv e fro m the re pu ta t i on o f the o p e ra tors and the fa ct

, ,

th a t t h e y w e r e the sub j e cts of a co mplim e nt ar y re so l ut i o n o f

'

th ank s b y t he A sso ci at i on
-
.

A re so lu ti o n w a s p a sse d a t thi s m e e ting di sco unte nanci ng the

p ra cti c e of re c e ivi ng a stud e nt f o r a l e ss t e r m th a n t w o y e a rs ,

a nd t h e n o nly wh e n such st ud e nt pl e dg e s him se lf t o g ra d u a t e

b e fore e nte ri ng up on the p ra ct ic e of de nt i stry Thi s re so lut i o n .

sh o w s t h a t the A sso ci a t i o n a t the v e ry o u t se t o f i ts c a ree r pu t , ,

i tse lf o n re co rd i n f a v or of a d e nta l e duc at i o n a nd as a ce w or k e r ,

-

w i th o ur d e nt a l c o ll e g e s H er sub se qu e nt re c o r d S h o w s tha t .

S he has e v e r m a i nta i ne d t he p o si t i o n she to o k a t thi s p r e li m i na r y

m e e ti ng A t thi s m e e ti ng a b o u t 4 0 m e m b e rs signe d the co n

.
,

sti tu ti o n a nd p a id the i ni t i a t i o n f e e o f o ne d o ll a r Of the se 4 0 .

c h ar ter m e mb e r s 2 0 h a v e p a sse d t o Th a t u ndi sc o v e re d c o u ntry

,

fro m wh o se b o u rne no t ra ve ll e r re turns A nd b ut 1 2 a re

,
.

no w c o nne cte d wi t h t he A sso ci a t i on as a c t i v e o r h o nora r y ,

m e mb e r s .

T he fi rst p er m a ne nt o ffic e r s e l e ct e d w e re as fo ll o w s
D r H J M cK e l l o ps P re sid e nt ; D r G S M orse 1 st V i c e
. . .
,
. . .
,

Pre sid e nt ; D r G W Ty nd a ll 2d V ic e Pre side nt D r H om e r

. . .
,
-
.

Judd R e c or di ng S e cre tary ; D r J o se ph P ay ne C orre sp o ndi ng

,
.
,

S e c re tary ; D r A M Le sli e T re a su re r . . .
,
.

D r s A Bl a k e G G S a mu e l A D Sl oa n E x e cu tiv e C o m
. .
,
. .
,
. .
,

m i tte e .

D J K S ta rk E dw ar d H al e J r E H o v e y E M cC une
rs . . .
, ,
.
,
.
,
.
,

Gr W C ra wfo r d G W Ty nd a ll H Judd a nd J S Cl a rk
. .
,
. .
,
. . .
,

D e l e gate s to the A m e r ic an D e nta l A sso ci at i on .

 SO C IE T IE S . 34 5

T he fi rst a nnu a l m e e ti ng cl o se d i ts w o rk a nd a dj o u rne d

No ve mb e r 1 st to m e e t inS t Lo ui s Ju ne 5 1 866
,
.
, ,
.

T he se c o nd a nnu a l m e e ti ng w a s h e ld pe r su a nt t o a dj o u r nm e nt
i n S t L o ui s Ju ne 5 6 a nd 7
‘

. .
, ,

D r H E P e e bl e s w a s e l e c te d pre sid e nt
. . . A t t hi s m e e t i ng .

st e p s w e re t a k e n to p ro cu r e a d e nta l l a w f o r the S ta te
: A L eg .

i sl a tiv e C o mmi tt e e w a s a pp o i nt e d c o nsi sti ng o f D rs L e sli e ,

.
,

C o m st o ck M c C oy E a m e s a nd A nd e r so n The y w e re i nstr uc te d
, ,
.

to p re p a re a bill a nd p r e se nt i t t o the L e gi sl a tu re a nd e nd e a v or ,

to h a v e i t p a sse d T he c o mmi tte e did i ts w or k f a i thfully b u t

.
,

f a il e d in se cu r i ng i ts p assa g e t h r o ugh the L e gi sl a t u re Th e y .

m a d e t h e i r re p o rt a t a sub se qu e nt m e e t i ng re p o rt re c e iv e d and
c o mmi tt e e di sch a rge d T he m a tte r w as a g a i n t a k e n u p at
.

t he m e e t i ng i n 1 881 D r G ra y o ffe re d a re so luti o n a ski ng f or

. .

the a pp o i ntm e nt o f a L e gi sl a t iv e c o mmi tte e ; re qu e st gra nt e d

‘

'

a nd a c o mmi tte e c o nsi st i ng o f D rs G ra y E lli s a nd Sh e p a r d .

,

a pp o i nt e d D r C W Sp a ldi ng w a s sub se qu e ntly a dd e d t o t hi s

. . . .

c o mmi t te e T he c o m m i tt e e re p o rte d a f o r m o f bill a t the

.

m e e ti ng in 1 882 and du r i ng the se ssi on of the L e gi sl a tu r e

,

I t re c e iv e d the G o v e r no r s sig na tu r e
’
82
-

se cu re d i ts p a ssa g e .

a nd b e c a m e t he l a w o f t he l a nd t he f o ll o wi ng M a o r Ju ne 1 883
.

y ,
.

T he p r o cu re m e nt of a d e nta l l a w sh o uld th e re f o re b e c r e di te d to
the A sso ci a ti o n
“

Du ri ng the e arly p ar t o f 1 866 the d e nti sts of S t L o ui s a nd ,

.

m e mb e rs o f the S t L o ui s D e nta l S o ci e ty too k the p re limi na ry

.

st e p s f or the org a niz a t i o n o f a d e nt a l c o ll e g e a sso ci a t i o n a nd t he

e sta bli shm e nt o f a d e nt a l c o ll e g e A t the se c ond annu al m e e ti ng .

of Mi sso u r i S ta te A sso ci a ti o n in Ju ne 1 866 the m e mb e rs , , ,

w e re re qu e ste d to id e ntify th e m se lv e s wi th the m o v e m e nt by

j oi ni ng the C o ll e ge A sso ci a ti on T he re qu e st w a s ge ne ra lly .

c o mpli e d w i th a nd the offic e rs of the S ta te A sso ci a ti o n w e re

,

m a d e t he o ffic ers of the C o ll e g e A sso ci a ti o n thu s c l o se ly u ni ti ng ,

t he i nt e re sts o f the t w o A sso ci a ti o ns T o k e e p p a c e wi t h the .

o nw ar d p r o g re ss which ch a ra c t e r iz e d the p ro fe ssi o n a t thi s p e r i o d

,

the A sso ci a t i o n a t i ts thi r d a nnu a l m e e ti ng 1 86 7 a pp o i nte d a

'

, ,

a c o mmit te e to t a k e the ne c e ssa ry st e p s f o r the e sta bli shm e nt of

.

a d e nt a l j o u r na l to b e p ubli sh e d u nd e r the au spic e s o f t he A sso

,

c i a tio n Thi s c o mmitte e p e rf e c te d the w or k a ssig ne d to th e m

.
,
34 6 TH E A R CH I VE S or DE N T T IS R Y .

a nd the re sul t w as the M e

ss urz
'

D enta l Jou r na l , whic h i s stil l ’

b e i ng i ssue d un e r d HI V E S OF DEN T I S TR Y
the t i tl e A
Th u s it R C .

will b e se e n th at du r i ng the first th re e y e a rs of i ts life the M i s ,

~

so u r i S ta t e A sso ci a t i on w a s not idl e h a vi n

g b e sid e s the re gul ar ,

r o u t i ne so ci e ty w o r k d o ne much f o r t he a dv a nc e m e nt o f t he
,
'

p ro fe ssi on i n the e sta bli shm e nt of a d enta l scho o l wh e re the ,

y o u ng m e mb e r s a nd stud e nts c ould b e p ro p erly e d u c ate d and ,

giv e n to the p ra ct i ti one r a de nta l j o u rnal W e b e li ev e no

,
.
'

so ci e ty ca n sh o w a b e tte r r e c o r d f o r t he t im e r e f e rre d to .

A t the f o u rth a nnu a l m ee t i ng 1 868 a sto ck co mp a ny w as , ,

.

f orm e d f or the pu r p o se of d e frayi ng the e xp ense o f publi shi ng

-

the j o u r na l so m e $5 00 w a st hu s se cu r e d A t the fif th a nnu a l .

m e e ti ng 1 869 the na m e of the A sso ci at i o n w a s ch ange d to T he

, ,

Mi ssou r i C o ll e g e A sso ci ati o n and the t im e of h o ldi ng the e l e c ti o n

,

f or the o ffi c e rs ch a ng e d to t a k e pl a ce o n the l ast d ay A t the six t h .

a nnu a l m e e t i ng 1 872 the na m e w as a ga i n ch a ng e d b a ck to t he

, , ,

M i sso u r i S tate D e nta l A sso ci at i on T he r e l a ti o nship which ha d .

e xi st e d f ro m the fi rst b e tw e e n the A sso ci a ti o n a nd the

, ,

C o lle g e w a s m a i nta i ne d up to the t i me o f the fifte e nth a nnu a l ‘

m ee ti ng i n 1 880 w h e n o wi ng to the e sta bli shm ent of oth e r

, , ,

d e nta l c o ll e g e s in the Sta te in whi ch so m e o f the me m b e r s of the,

A sso ci a t i on w ere p e r so nally i ntere ste d i t w a s th o ugh t b e st f or ,

the A sso ci a t i on t o w i thd ra w a nd l e a v e t he sch o o l s to w o r k o u t

th e i r o w n sa l v at i on A cco rdi ngly the foll owi ng re solu ti o n
.
,

o ffe r e d by D r E a m e s w a s p asse d
.

R esol v ed , T ha t it i s t he se nt im e nt of thi s A sso ci a ti on t h a t ,

i nstitu t i o ns o f l e ar ni ng S h ould ch oo se t he m e mb e rs of t h e i r ow n
b o ar d s a nd th e re f or e th at the filli ng o f the v a c a nci e s i n the
,

B o ar d of T ru ste e s of the Mi sso u r i D e nta l C o ll e ge b e re f erre d “

t o the C o ll e g e .

U p to thi s tim e the m e mb e rs constitu ti ng the B oard of Tru s

t e e s o f the C o ll e g e ha d b e e n e l e c ted by the A ssocia ti o n a t the
'

a nnu a l mee t i ng s .

I n 1 881 t he A sso ci a t i on e sta bli sh e d the o ffi c e of sup e r vi sor of

"
cli nic s and i na ugu ra te d a sy ste m of k e e pi ng the r e c or d s of op er
,

a t i o ns p e rf o r m e d a t th e se m e e t i ng s T he sch e m e w a s a good: .

o ne a nd ha s m e t wi t h t he u niv e rsa l a pp r o v a l o f
,
o t h e r ki nd r e d

so c i e t i e s I t w o uld se e m tha t the cr e di t f or sugg e st i ng a nd car

‘
;
.
 SO C I E T I E S . 34 7

ry in
g o ut t hi s pl a n in re g a rdm a na ge m ent O f the cli ni c s
to t he ,

w a s th ough t t o b e d ue to D r P r ic e o u r w o r thy Sup e r vi so r

.
, ,

f o r w e fi nd o n p a g e 1 04 of the r e c o r d s t h a t a r e so lu t i o n w a s
, ,

o ff e re d by D r C o nra d . c o mplim e nti ng him f o r sugge st i ng a nd

,

c arryi ng o ut t hi s pl a n and e x te ndi ng to him the th a nk s o f

,

the A sso ci a t i o n f or hi s e ne rgy a nd z e a l in thi s di re c t i o n .

T he ro ll o f a c tiv e a nd h o no r a ry m e mb e rs o f the A sso ci a t i o n ,

f ro m the tim e O f its orga niz a t i o n to t he p re se nt numb e r s t w o ,

hu nd re d a nd t w e nty T he p rese nt ro ll o f m e m b e rs i n go o d
.
,

sta ndi ng i s a b o u t o ne hu nd r e d a nd thi rty fi v e e igh ty fi v e ha vi ng

,
-

,
-

b e e n re m o v e d by d e a t h l e f t the S ta te o r d ro pp e d f ro m t he ro ll
, ,
.

I n sc a nni ng the re c o r d s I no t ic e t he p assa g e f ro m tim e to

, ,

t im e o f re so lu ti o ns e xp re ssiv e O f the se nt i m e nt s o f the A sso c ia

,

ti o n o n t he qu e st i o ns O f e duc a t i o n a nd e t hic s al l b e ar e vid e nc e

O f a d e si re o n t he p a r t O f the A sso ci a t i o n to o ccup y high g r o u nd ,

a nd t o ra nk wi t h the f or e m ost O n t he qu e st i o n o f o ur d e nta l

.

c oll e ge a nd the p re sc r ib e d c o u rse O f study I fi nd the A sso ci a

, ,

ti o n c o m m e ndi ng th o ro ugh w o r k a nd re c o mm e ndi ng the i nc r e a se

O f the cu rr iculum a nd l e n th o f t e r m S e v e r a l c ase s O f vi o l a
g .

ti o n of the c o d e a re r e c o r d e d i n a l l o f which the c o d e ha s b e e n

,

su sta i ne d wi t h no lib e ra l i nt e r p r e t a t i o n O f i ts r e qui re m e nts

,
.

I notic e f re qu ently the p a ssa g e O f re solu ti ons which se e m to

h a v e b e e n fo rg otte n a s so o n a s re c o r d e d th e i r p ro vi si o ns no t ,

b e i ng c a rr i e d o u t O ne e x a mpl e is the re solu t i on re qui ri ng the

.

t re a su re r to h a v e t he A sso ci a t i o n ch ar t e r e d Anoth e r R e sol v e d .

, ,

t h a t a l l p a p e rs re a d b e f o re the S o ci e ty are th e p ro p e r ty O f t he ,

A ssoci ati on and c anno t a pp e a r i n a ny j o u rna l u ntil t h e y h av e

,

b een publ i sh e d i n the tr a nsa c t i o ns A no th e r t h a t i ts tr ansa c .

,

ti o ns sh al l b e publi sh e d i n b o o k for m .

I t c a n b ut b e a m a tte r o f r e g re t t h a t thi s l ast re so l u ti o n has

,

ne v e r b e e n c a rr i e d i nto e ff e c t T he a dv a nta g e to the indi v id ua l

.
,

m e mb e r a s w e ll a s the S o ci e ty a nd p ro fe ssi o n a t l a rg e to b e
, ,

d e rive d f ro m the public a ti on O f the tra nsa c ti o ns O f th e se S o ci e ty

m e e ti ng s is to o w e ll re c o g niz e d to re qui re a w o rd O f a rgum e nt
i n i ts f a v or tO c o nvi nc e y o u a l l th a t such public a ti o ns sh o uld
,

no t b e d e l ay e d a no t h e r y e a r Th e re i s no thi ng t h at the A sso ci

.

a t i o n c a n d o to i nc re ase i ts e ffici e ncy a nd e x te nd i ts i nflu e nc e

e q u a l to t he publi shi ng o f its p ro c e e di ng s c o mpl e t e a s o th e r ,

 3 48 TH E A R CH I V E S OF DE N TI S TR Y .

ki nd re d so ci e ti e s a re d o i ng I t w o uld b e an i nc e ntiv e to m e m
.

b e rs to c ontribute p a p e rs and ta k e p a rt in t he di sc ussi o ns I t .

w o uld fu rni sh a v ol u m e O f u se ful i nfor ma ti on t h a t w o uld b e ne fi t

n o t o nly t he m e mb e rs O f the A sso ci at i o n b ut the p ro fe ssi o n a t
"

l a rge Th ere h a v e b e e n o ve r a hu nd re d a nd fif ty p ape rs re a d

.

b e fo re thi s A sso ci a ti on si nce i ts o rga niz a t i o n ; wh at ha s b e co m e

O f th e m ? E ch o answe rs So me of th e m h av e a ppe a re d i n o ur
.

j o u rnal s b ut the m aj o ri ty O f th e m w e re re a d and th ro w n

,

a sid e a s so mu ch w a ste p a p e r T o p re p are a p a p e r on a ny su b

.

j t fi t f o r publi ca ti o n ta k e s tim e a nd t h o ugh t I f a so c i e ty

e c , ,
.

will no t publi sh the p a p ers co ntribute d to it w ho will co ntr ibu te ,

th e m ?
T he I lli no i s S ta te S o ci e ty i s re cog niz e d a s o ne O f the b e st
o r g a niz a t i o ns o f the ki nd i n t hi s c o u nt ry I t w a s or ga niz e d the .

sa m e y e ar t h a t the Mi sso u r i A sso ci a t i o n w a s a nd up o n t he sa me ,

b a si s wi th the sa m e Obj e cts i n Vi e w

, Why sh o uld i t e xc e l the
.

Mi sso ur i ? I f it b e a dm itte d supe rior to u s i n any se nse i t ha s , ,

a tt a i ne d t hi s sup er i o r i ty t h r o ugh i t s public a t i o ns A t the a nnu a l .

m e e t i ng O f t hi s S o ci e ty h e ld a t Q ui ncy i nM ay l ast D r K o ch in
, , ,
.
,

givi ng a r e vi e w o f the w or k a cco mpli sh e d du r i ng t he p a st t w e nty

fi v e y e a rs re fe rre d t o t h e i r publi sh e d tra nsa c ti o ns i n the f o ll o w
"

i ng w ord s T he fi r st public at i o n c o m mi tte e w a s a pp o i nte d a t

“

t hi s m e e t i ng a nd t he fi r st re p o r t publi she d u nd e r t he

a u th o r i ty O f the S o ci e t y C S S m i t h e di to r I i s c o nfid e nt ly
( ) . t
. .

a sse r te d t h a t the public a t i o n o f t h e se t ransa ct i o ns a nnu a lly ha s ,

b e e n o f i nc a lcul a bl e v a lu e no t o nly to the S o ci e ty and i t s m e m

,

b ers i ndi vidu ally b u t to the e nt i re d e nta l p r o f e ssi on I t ha s

,
.

c o nt r ibu te d no t o nly t o the e l e v a t i o n o f the p r o fe ssi o na l t h e o r e t ,

ic a l a nd p r a c tic a l k no wl e dge of i ts m e mb e rs but a l so t o th e i r ,

li te rary a tta i nm e nt s I f it b e tru e a s w e are f re q ue ntly to ld

.
,

by o ur b re th re n outsid e t hi s the I lli no i s is o ne O f the b e st S tate

, , ,

S o ci e t i e s a s e vi d e nc e d by its a cco mpli sh e d w o rk

,
W e m u st .

c o nsid e r t h a t o ur a nnu a l public a t i o n has b e e n a p o te nt f a ct o r i n

pl ac i ng u s inthe p o si t i o n O f l e a d e r a m ong so c i e t i e s .

“
Du ri ng the p ast t w e nty y e a rs o v e r a h undre d and S ix ty ,

-
a dd r e sse s a nd e ssa y s e mb ra c i ng e v e ry su bj e ct th a t has b e e n o f
, ,

i ntere st to the p rof e ssi on h a v e b e e n r e a d a nd wi d e ly di scu sse d

,
.

.Al l h a v e b ee n pr e se rv e d i n the v o lu m e s O f o ur t ra nsac t i o ns ,

 SOC I E T I E S . 34 9 ~

fo rmi ng a lite ra tu re which re fl e ct s lik e a m i rro r the g ro w th a nd ,

d e ve l o p m e nt of the p rofessi on i n o ur b e l o ve d S ta te Th e re ca n . 1

sc a rce ly b e a m e m b e r a m o ng u s w ho is no t c o mp e ll e d by the still ,

sm a l l v o ic e wi thi n him to a dmi t th a t t he sti m ulu s a nd i nspi ra t i o n

,

d e r iv e d f ro m so m e O f th e se p a p e r s o r the di scu ssi o ns h a v e ha d

, ,

a p o te nt i nflu e nce up o n his p r a ct ic e a nd co nduc t A c o mp ar .

i so n of o ur e a rli e r e ff o rt s i n thi s di re cti o n wi th th o se of the ,

p rese nt day re vea l s the stro nge st e vid ence O f go o d w ork

,

ac c o mpli sh e d .

A S ha s b e e n S h o w n t he A sso ci a t i o n ha s unde i t a k e n a nd
,

b ro ugh t to a succ e ssful ter mi na t i o n th re e i m p o rta nt sch e m e s f o r

the a dv a nc e m e nt o f t he p ro fe ssi o n O f o u r S ta te T he e sta bli sh .

me nt O f a d e nta l c o ll e g e a d e nta l j o u rna l a nd a d e nt a l l a w I t

, ,
.
‘

sh o uld no w se t it se lf t o w o r k to se e t h a t the l a w i s Ob se r v e d .

Thi s i s a du ty w h ic h p ro p e rly b el o ngs to the A sso ci a ti o n L e t . :

u s se e th a t it i s p e r for m e d !

I n cl o si ng p e r mit m e to a g a i n ca l l a tt e nti o n to the ne c e ssity O f

’

k e e pi ng a co mpl e te r eco rd O f o u r tra nsa cti o ns p a p e rs di scu s , ,

s i o ns e tc ,
L e t u s b e gi n wi th thi s tw e nty fi f th a nniv e r sary a nd
.
-

tu rn o v e r a new l e a f a nd do o ur du ty to o urse lv e s a nd the pro

,

f e ssi o n a t l ar g e by p ro vidi ng f or the public a ti o n o f our t ra nsac

,

ti o ns f ro m t hi s d a t e ; w e sh all th e n h a ve so m e th i ng ta ngibl e
, ,

so m e t hi ng whi c h w e m ay b e p r o ud to sh o w a t t he e nd O f the

ne xt tw e nty fi v e y e a r s as e vid e nc e O f
-

g o o d w ork a e c o m
pl i she d .

PRE SI D EN ’
TS A DD RE SS .

BY D R . HEN R Y F I S HER . ST . LOU I S ,

MO .

G entl emen of tiie M ssou r i S ta te D enta l A ssoci a ti on

A
As P re side nt o f thi s sso ci a t i o n, i t i s my pl e a sa nt du ty to co m
ply wi t h a ti m e h o nore d cu sto m a nd a dd re ss yo u up o n m atte rs
-

l ti ng to o ur A sso ci a ti o n a nd o u r p ro fe ssi o n
re a .

Thi s is the tw e nty S ix th a nnu a l m e e ti ng a nd I h o p e a nd b e li e v e

-

it will b e o ne of g re a t i nt e re st a nd p ro fit to al l p re se nt .

I t is pl e asant a nd p rofi ta bl e f o r us to me c t to ge th e r a nd dis

*
R e ad b e f ore th e M i sso ur i S t a te D e nt a l A ssoc i a t i o n at P e r tl e S pr i ng s,
J
. .

MO .
, u ne 8, 1 890 .
 3 50 TH E A R C HI VE S OF DE N T T IS R Y .

u ss the m a ny qu e st i ons O f i nte re st r e l ating to o ur p rof e ssi on

c

a nd to o ur p ra c t ic e t o i nt e rch a ng e id e as a nd t h o ugh t s a nd t o
b e c o m e b e tte r a cqu a i nte d wi th e a ch o th e r .

O ur p ro fe ssi o n i s a b e ne fi ci e nt one O ur liv e s are d e v o te d to

.

h um ani ty T O p r e v e nt suffe r i ng t o re li e v e p a i n t o p r o m ote the

.
, ,
‘
h e a l t h c o mf ort a nd w e ll b e i ng O f o ur I a ce w e to il day a fte r d ay
,
-
'

y e a r a f t er y e ar .

T he c o nsc i o u sne ss o f d o i ng g o o d m a k e s o u r liv e s wi t h a l l the ,

w o rry f a t igu e and re sp o nsibili ty i nse perab l y c o nne c te d wi t h

,

o u r c a lli ng pl e asa nt a nd c o nte nt e d e v e n t h o ugh o ur p e cu ni ar y

, ,

r e w ar d b e sm a ll .

T O f ully re c e iv e t he r e w ar d O f w e l l d o i ng w e mu st do w e ll ,

m u st imp ro v e e v ery Opp or t u ni ty t o so qu a lif y o u r se lv e s t h a t w e

m ay b e a bl e to r e nd e r the m ost i nte llig e nt skillful a nd c o mp e ,

t e nt ser vic e t o t h ose w ho se e k o u r a id Wi t h t hi s a im i n Vi e w

.

I be li e v e t h at d e ntal so ci e t i e s a re a n i nv al ua bl e ai d t o ou r pro
f essi o na l lif e .

T he v a lu e O f d e nt a l a sso ci a t i ons c a nno t w e ll b e o v e r e stim a te d .

T he p re se nt a dv a nc e d p o si t i o n O f o ur p ro f e ssi o n i s l a rge l y d ue t o
a sso ci a t e d e ffo r t .

T he d e nt i st s O f thi s S tat e ca n d o nothi ng t h a t will so a dd to

'

t h e i r p r o f e ssi o na l lif e a s t o or ga niz e l o c a l so ci e t i e s a tte nd the ,

m e e t i ng s re gu l a rly a nd t a k e p ar t i n t h e m .

I n t he g re at S t a t e of Mi sso u r i t h e r e ar e b u t tw o l o c a l so ci e
t i e s o ne i n S t L o ui s o ne i n K a nsas Ci ty
—
.
,
Thi s i s a fa ct v e ry .

m uch t o b e r e g re tt e d a nd i ndic a te s t h a t the d e nt i sts of t he Sta te

,

-
do no t r e a liz e t he imp o rt anc e o f l o c a l so ci e t i e s a nd t h a t a so ci e ty ,

i s t h o ugh t t o b e u se ful o nly i n p ro p o rt i on t o i ts m e mb e r s ; t he re

“

f o r e i t i s b u t li ttl e u se to b e l ong to a so ci e ty O f b ut t h r e e o r fo u r
,

m e mb ers .

A so ci ety O f th re e o r fo u r m e mb e rs can b e ma d e j u st as profi t

a b l e t o e a ch m e mb e r a s t h o ugh i t ha d a mu c h l a rg e r m e m b e rship
.
.

I n e a ch t o w n wh e r e t h e re a r e t h re e r e p uta bl e d e nt i st s th e y
s ho uld o r g a niz e a d e nta l so ci e ty h a v e r e gul ar st a t e d m e e t i ng s
, ,

re a d p a p e rs a nd di scu ss t h e m a nd di scu ss t he ar t icl e s O f i nte r e st

,

i n the d e nta l j o u r na l s a s t h e y a pp e ar f ro m m o nt h t o m onth .

Suc h so ci e ti e s w ou ld do muc h to p ro m ote f r i e nd ship a nd pro

f e ssi o na l a m i ty m ate ri a lly p r e v e nt i ng or Ov e r c o mi ng t h o se
,

e nm i t i e s a nd e a l o usie s which so hi nd e r p ro f essi ona l p r og re ss

j .
 SO C IE T IE S . 3 51

L
c a l so ci e ti e s w o uld gre a tly stre ng th e n o ur S ta te A sso ci a
o
“

t io n Much i s sa id a bo u t the e l e v a ti o n O f o u r p ro fe ssi o n b ut it

. .
,

i s a t r uth A p ro fe ssi o n ca n b e e l e vate d o nly a s the i ndividu a l

.

m e mb e rs e l e v a te t h e m se lv e s by i nte llig e nc e sy ste m a t ic a nd co n ,

t i nuo u s w o r k i n the di re c t i o n o f high e r cul tu re r e fi ne m e nt a nd ,

b ro a d e r a nd m o re t h oro ugh prof e ssi o na l k no wl e d g e .

O ur p ro f e ssi o n ha s m a d e g re a t p ro gre ss du r i ng t he p a st f e w
y
,
e ars i n t he di r e e t io n O f p re se r vi ng t he na t u ra l t e e t h T e e th .

a nd roo ts th a t w e r e f or m e rly c o nd e m ne d to the f o r c e p s are no w ,

r e t a i ne d i n t he m o u th i n a con di ti o n O f h e al th c o mf or t a nd ,

b e a u ty .

C ro w ns a nd br idg e s h a v e c o m e to stay and th e i r v a lu e is i ne s ,

t im a b l e
c B u t te e t h are Oft e n cut o ff a nd th e i r r o o t s c r o w ne d
.

wh e n the y sh o uld b e fill e d T he t e nd e ncy i s to go too f a r i n

.

t hi s di r e c ti o n A goo d fil l ing i s b e tte r th a n a c ro wn if the tooth

.
'

i s st ro ng e no ugh t o sta nd the f o r c e O f m ast ic a t i o n T O p r e v e nt .

a te e th fro m d e c ayi ng i s b e tte r th a n to fill a fte r a c a v i ty is

f o r m e d i n a t oo th to fill it i s b e tte r tha n t o c ro w n i t t o c ro w n
'

i s b e tt er t h a n to e xt ra c t i t a nd to r e st ore l ost te e t h wi t h a b r idg e

,

i s b e t te r th a n t o re sto r e wi t h a pl a te wh e n the c ondi ti ons a re ,

f a v o ra bl e .

Much has b ee n sa id a ga i nst b r idg e w o rk ; but a s the w o r k i s

b e tte r u nd e rstoo d i t g ro ws m ore a nd m ore i n f a v o r I t re qui r e s .

r a t c a re a nd skill i n i ts m a nipu l a ti e n a nd d e ta il ; a nd a d e nt i st
g ,
e

ne e d s e xp e r i e nc e by which t o k no w wh e n t he c o ndi t i o ns f a v o r
a nd w he n t h e y d o no t f a v o r i ts u se
. .

T he te e th O f child r e n a r e no w c a re d f o r a s ne v e r b e f o re a nd ,

t h e i r p are nts a r e sl o wly b e c o mi ng e duc a te d to a k no wl e dg e o f a

’
re a t t r u t h t h a t child re n s te e t h sh o uld r e c e iv e the c a r e a nd
—
g
a tte nti o n O f a c o mp e t e nt d e nti st a lm o st f ro m the t im e wh e n the

fi rst t o o th a pp e ar s t h r ou gh the gum s I t i s o u r duty to e du c a te

'

p a re nts i n thi s di re cti on T e a ch a nd p re a ch to th e m the do c

.

t r i ne o f the p re se r v a t i o n o f t he t e e t h o f th e i r child re n t e a ch

t h e m th a t i t i s th e i r du ty to k e e p the t e e th O f t h e i r child re n i n a
c o ndi ti o n f ree f ro m p a i n so th a t the f o o d ca n b e p ro p e rly m a st i
,

e a t e d a nd the child s re st u ndi st u rb e d b y to o t h a ch e t he re gul a r

l

a rra ng e m e nt o f the p e r m a ne nt t e e th u ni m e r il l e d by t he p re m a
p
t u re l o ss o f the d e cidu o u s te e th .
3 52 TH E A
R CH I V E S OF DE N T I STR Y .

We sh ou ld te ac h th e m the i m p ort ance O f k e e pi ng the te e th

t h oro ughly b r ush e d a nd c l e a n T he m othe r or nurse S h o uld
.

’ e
d a il y brush the c hild s t e th unt il the child i s O l d e nough to brush
i ts ow n te e th wh e n t h e y S h ou ld b e ma d e to do S O
, I nat te nti on .

to thi s i s a gre at e vil a nd m a k e s in m a ny case s the p re serv a t i o n

, ,
’
o f t he c hild rens t e e t h a diffi cu lt m a t ter .

O ur d uty d oe s no t e nd h e re S O f a r a s i t i s in o u r p o w e r w e
.

S h o uld t e ac h p are nt s t h a t the te e t h of c hild re n c a n b e gre a tly

i m p ro v e d th e i r li a bili ty t o d e ca y l e sse ne d by p r o p e r no ur i sh
,

me nt b e i ng giv e n to the m ot h er du r i ng g e sta t i on a nd l a c ta ti on ,

a nd to the c hild wh e n i t no l o nge r r e ce iv e s no u r i sh m e nt f ro m .

t he m o t h e r .

I be li e v e th a t the qua li ty O f the tooth structure de pe nds to a .

co nsid e r a bl e e x t e nt u p o n the f oo d t h a t the m o t h e r fi r st a nd t h e n

the c hild re ce iv e s Th at wh er e the di e t i s d e fe cti v e i n b o ne

.

ma ki ng m a te ri a l s w e h a v e i nfe r i or b one s and t e e th a nd gre a ter

,

li ability to ca vi ti e s u nl e ss suffici e nt b o ne m a ki ng m at e r i a l i s su p
,
-

pli e d by oth e r m e ans .

I t i s the te sti m o ny O f th ose w ho h a ve giv e n the m a tte r a t te n

t i o n t h a t t he u se O f ph o sph a te s ha s a m ar k e d a nd d e cid e dly b e n
’

e fi cia l e ffe ct up o n the t e e th of child re n th a t by it s a dm i ni st r a ,

ti o n t o the m o t h e r du ri ng pre gnacy a nd l a ct a t i o n t he t e e t h O f

t he child a re gr e a t ly b e ne fi tt e d .

D r D w ine l l e O f N e w Y or k i n a re ce nt ar t icl e o n t hi s subj e c t

.
, , ,

r e f e r s t o m a ny c ases co nne c t e d wi th hi s o w n p ra c t ic e co nfi rm ,

i ng the cl a im s ma d e a s to the b e ne fi t s O f ph o sph ate s .

I will m e nt i on b ut o ne A moth er ha d fo ur children the first — .

’
no ph o sph a te t re a t m e nt the child s te e t h w e re v e r y p o o r
—
In .

t he se c o nd child ph o sph a te tr e a t m e nt
,
the b e st of te e t h —
t hi r d
child no tre at m e nt te e th v ery p o or ; fo u r th chi ld ph o sph a te
,
—
,

tr e a tm e nt — b e st O f te e t h .

H e say s : I n t he fu t u r e I b e l i ev e the p re p ara t i o ns o f the a ni

_
~

m al ph o sphate s a re t o ta k e a n imp ort ant pl a c e i no ur p ra c t ic e wi th

child re n as w e ll a s th o se O f m a tu rer y e ars I ts i nflu e nc e f or .

oo d i s m a r k e d a nd d e ci siv e
g .

H e sa y s : O u r p r o fe ssi o n more th an a ny o th e r i s i nte r e ste d

“

i n i ts qu ali ty a nd p o te ncy tO o v er c o m e m a ny O f t he e vil s th a t

b e se t u s which I b e li e v e w e sh a ll y e t a cc o mpli sh to the re li e f
, ,

O f hum a ni ty a nd the gl o r y O f o u r c a lli ng .

 SO C IE T IE S . 3 53

T he m e dic a l p ro fe ssi o n re c o g niz e s the v alu e O f the a nim a l

ph o spha te s a nd div e rt t h e i r a dmi ni stra ti o n in ca se s o f d e f e c t iv e i

b o ne nu tri ti o n T he a nim a l p ho sph a te s a l one a re to b e u se d

.
,

the mi ne ra l ph o sph a te s d o no t a ssimul a te .

B u t li ttl e ch a ng e ha s t a k e n pl a c e i n the p a st f e w y e a rs i n t he
m e th o d s o f filli ng te e t h w i th go ld T he m a nuf a c tu re r s w ho
.

p re p are the go ld f or u s h a v e fu rni sh e d u s wi th ne wly p re p a re d

cyli nd e rs a nd p e ll e ts O f g old re a dy f or u se T he u se O f so ft .

go ld fo il onc e a lm o st a b a nd o ne d i s no w r e c e ivi ng much a tte nt i o n .

Whil e i t ca n ne v e r l arge ly ta k e the pl a c e of c o h e siv e g old i t ,

c a n b e u se d i n c o mbi na t i o n wi t h c o h e siv e g o ld i n m a ny c a se s to

a v e ry g re a t a dv a nta g e a sa vi ng O f tim e with b e t t e r re su lt s

—
.

C a ppi ng O f e xp o se d pulp s ha s ha d i ts a dv o c a te s f or m any

y e ars I t i s still consid er e d g o o d p ra c tic e by so m e O f the b e st
.

m e n i n o u r p ro f e ssi o n but I b e li e v e t h a t i t i s a p ra c t ic e t h a t i s
,

ra p idl
y f a l l ing i nt o di su se Whil e so m e pulp s ca n b e sa v e d by
.

c a ppi ng the p e r c e nta ge O f f a ilu re s i s so l arge a nd much p a i n

, ,

so f re qu e nt ly r e sul t s f r o m the e ff o rt s t o sa v e pulp s a liv e th a t ,

so u nd p r a ctic e r e qui r e s u s t o d e st ro y the pulp s o f a t o o t h e xp o se d

by d e c ay a nd t o fill the c a na l s .

Si nc e the i ntro duc ti o n of the d e nta l e ngi ne whi ch e na bl e s u s ,

t o e asily g a i n a cc e ss to the r o o t c a na l s a nd w i t h o u r p re se nt ,

k no wl e dg e O f how to trea t and fill pulpl e ss te e th th e r e i s no w f a r ,

l ess re ason f or t a ki ng such ch anc e s a s o nc e se e m e d j u stifi a bl e in

the e ff or ts to sa v e e xp o se d pulp s I b e li e v e it is go o d p ra ctic e
.
,

a nd sa f e i n m o st c a se s if p r o p e r ly d o ne y e t i t i s e quil a sa f e to
y ,
’
ta k e a f e w d a y s tim e f o r tre a tm e nt I n the p a st pulpl e ss te e th
.
,

wh e re t re ate d f o r too l ong a t im e I t i s p ossibl e th a t imm e di a te

.

r o o t filli ng a s a r ul e O f p ra c t ic e
,
g oe s to the o th e r e x tre m e
, .

G e ntl e m e n I bid y o u w e lc o m e to the t w e nty six th a nnu a l

,
-

m e e ti ng of the Mi sso u r i D e nt a l A sso ci a ti o n .

DI SC U S S ION .

D R W E TU C KE R
. . . I h e a r tily e nd o rse t he se ntim e nt th a t
—
,

a sso ci a t i o ns a r e O f g r e a t b e ne fi t no m a tte r ho w f e w the nu m

—

b e r a sso ci a te d N O e sti m a te c a n b e pl a c e d up o n t he b e ne fi t
.

de riv e d by t he i ndividu a l m e mb e rs w ho h a bi t u a lly a tte nd th e se

m e e ti ng s o f thi s A sso ci a ti o n a nd ta k e p a r t in thi s di scu ss i o n .
3 54 TH E A RC HI VE S OF D E N T I S TR Y .

Am u rp r i se d a t the sm a ll numb er O f r e sid e nt d e nti sts o f o ur

s

st at e e ng a g e d wi th u s i n t hi s a sso ci a t i o n w o r k I t c a nno t b e .

t h a t the b e ne fi ts a r e fully u nd e r stoo d o r a pp r e ci a t e d I t is a .

ne e d e d st imulu s t o w o r k I h a ve b e e n a tte nda nt up o n the se

.

m e e t i ng s f o r m a ny y e a r s a nd wh a t li ttl e I h a v e a chi e v e d pro

,

f e ssi onal l y i s du e to wh at I h a v e g a i ne d fro m t hi s A sso ci a t i o n

, .

A m fully in fa vor wi th b ri dge and c ro wn w or k N O Op era .

”

t i o n i n d e nt i stry giv e s a s m u ch sa t i sf a c t i o n t o p a t i e nt a nd
Op e rato r as a p ro p e rly c o nstr uc te d b r idge or c ro w n O n t he .

subj e ct o f c a ppi ng pulp s I h a v e no t h e o ry t o a dv a nc e , H ave .

a lm o st a b and o ne d t he o p e r a t i o n i n m y p r a ct ic e t h r o ugh w a nt O f

s ucc e ss I mm e di ate root fil l ing i s gro wi ng i n fa v or I tre at

.
-

a nd fill r o o t s f re qu e ntly wi t h succ e ss a t o ne S i tt i ng a nd b e li e v e ,

i t t o b e g o o d p ra c t ic e A m not a succe ss a s a so ft go ld filler

.

b u t b e li e v e t hat so ft g o l d filli ng s can b e m a d e succ e ssfully a nd

a dv a nt a g e o u sly i n m a ny c a se s H a v e se en o the rs a cco mpl i sh .

the b e st O f r e sul t s w i t h i t I u se “ il l iam s cry stall o id go ld in

T ’ .

pl a c e of the so f t f o il a nd b e li e v e I se cu re b e tte r re sul ts t h an

,

wi th the so f t f o il H a v e cu re d so m e c ase s O f S O call e d

.
-

py o rr h oea b ut will no t say th e y w e re t ru e py orrh oea in f a ct

, ,

I do not b e li e v e th at any c a se O f thi s di se a se w as e v er cure d .

’
T he subj e c t O f child re n s t e e t h i s o ne O f i nc re a si ng i nte r e st t o
e v e ry symp a t h e t ic a nd c o nsci e nt i o u s d e nti st If th ere i s any .

pr a ctic e w e ca n c onsi ste ntl y a d o p t t o imp ro v e th e i r str uct u r e i t ,

o u gh t t o b e d o ne A m no t su re th a t al l has b e e n sa id a b o u t the
.

u se o f ph o sph a te s f o r t ha t pu r p o se ha s b e e n sa id wi se ly Am .

l e a d t o b e li e v e t h a t a n i ndi sc r i m i na te u se O f i t dur i ng ge sta ti o n

w ou ld in m a ny ca se s r e sul t i n m or e h ar m t o the m other t h a n i t
w ould b e ne fit the child m a ki ng p ar tu r i ti o n di fficu l t if no t d an
,

e r o ns I n su ch c ase s I h a v e no d o ubt th a t a f rui t a nd v e g e t a bl e

g .
,

di e t a v o idi ng t he ph o sph a te s w o uld b e b e tte r I re fe r to thi s

, , .

m a tt e r no t t o c ontro v e rt t he th e ory a dv o c a te d by o ur P re sid e nt

, ,

b u t to sugg e st t h a t whil e w e a r e l o o ki ng a t t hi s subj e c t f r om the

,

st a nd p o i nt O f t he d e nt i st i t w o uld b e w e ll a l so to vi e w i t f ro m
-

, , ,

the st a nd p o i nt o f t he t o co l o gi st
-
.

'

D R C W S PAL D ING T he p o i nt a llud e d t o by the l a st

. . .
—

sp e a k er i s o ne O f su r p a ssi ng i nt e r e st T he u se o f the ph os .

h a t e s f o r t he pu rp o se O f imp ro vi ng t he ch arac ter O f t h e te e th

p
 SO C IE T IE S . 355

has no t p ro v e d a l l th a t w a s e x p e c te d A m fully a w a re o f the

.

d ifficul ti e s a tte ndi ng the se cu r i ng o f p o si t iv e r e sul ts a nd f o r thi s ,

much th a t i s a sse rte d pro a nd con o n the u se of the ph osph a tes i s

chim e r ic a l T o asse rt wh a t w o uld h a v e b e e n the re sul t i n a ny
.

give n c a se if a c e rta i n li ne of p ra c tic e had b e e n fo ll o w e d i s g o i ng

, ,

to o f ar I do no t sub scr ib e to the th e ory th a t our foo d a s a

.
,

r ul e ,
i s d e fici e nt i n t he p hosp ha te s .

B o l te d fl o u r i s no t S O p oor i n the lim e sa l ts a s w a s a t one t im e

b e li e v e d A sm all a m o u nt i s ne e d e d a nd I b e li e v e th a t t he
.
,

g e nera l di e t O f A m e r ic a ns c o nta i ns qui te a su ffi c eney I d o not .

b e li e ve i t ne c e ssary t o m a k e use O f t he ph osph ate s a s fo o d f o r

the child f o r the i mp ro v e m e nt O f the t e e t h du r i ng t he p er i o d O f
l a c tati on e sp e ci a lly i n the c r ud e sta te as i t will no t b e a ssimi
, ,

l a te d b ut it m ay b e w e ll t o g iv e i t to t he m o t h e r I f du r i ng .

’
ge s tat i o n t he m ot h e r s b l o o d i s d e fici e nt i n a ny e l e m e nt e sp e ci a lly ,

i n the ph o sph a te s t he f oet u s mu st su fle r ; a nd the a dmi ni stra t i o n

,

O f the ph o sph a te i n m i nu t e qu a nt i t i e s a nd i n a n a tte nu a te d

,

f orm i n which i t i s re a dily a ssimil a te d will no d o ub t b e b e ne fi

, ,

c i al
. A n e xc e ss o f the ph o sph a te s m ay b e i nj u r i o u s to t he
m oth e r b u t the foetu s will no t ta k e up m ore th a n i s ne e d e d
, .

T he bl o od b r i ng s i t t o the d o o r O f t he o r g a ns bu t if i t i s not ,

wa nt e d i t will no t b e u se d I t has b e en state d t h a t no imp ro v e

,
.

m e nt ca n b e l o o k e d f o r i n t he struc tu re o f fully f or m e d t e e th .

Thi s I d o ub t I t d o e s not a g re e wi th m y Ob se r v a ti o ns ( A c a se
. .

i n p oi nt ) A l a dy p a ti e nt w a s si ck a nd f o r he r re c o v e ry the
.
I

phy sici a n a dmi ni ste re d p o ta sh which p ro duc e d a no tic e a bl e r e

,

sul t i n the ch a r a c te r O f he r t e e th e sp e ci a lly the bicu spid s a nd

,

m ol a rs I p rescr ib e d a n a ntid o t e t o the a lk ali a nd the re sul t was

.
,

a m a r k e d imp ro v e m e nt i n the t e e th I h av e fo u nd th a t t e e th of
.

go o d struc tu re wh e n i mp a i re d m ay b e u nd o ubt e dly re store d

, .

I m m edi a te R oot F il l i ng Fo rty y e a rs O f succ e ssful p ra ctic e

.
—

i nr o o t filli ng ha s m a d e th i s a f a v o r i te o p e ra ti on wi th m e I al .

w a y s till the a p e x O f the ro o t a s so o n a s I h a v e r e m o v e d a l l o f

the so f t ti ssu e I th e re fo re h e rm e tica lly se a l the a p e x a s soon a s
.

I h av e re m o v e d al l O f the sof t ti ssu e ; if a n a b sc e ss b e p re se nt I ,

cl ea n o ut the c a na l a nd fill t he a p e x imm e di a te ly l e a vi ng a ny ,

di se a se O f the p e r ic e m e nta l m e mb ra ne to b e tre a t e d i nte r na lly .

Wh e n I h a ve b ro ugh t t he d e nti ne i nto a p e rfe c t a se p tic c o ndi ti o n ,

35 6 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN TI S TR Y .

I c o mpl e te t he Op e ra ti o n b v filli ng the b a l a nc e O f the roo t and

cr o w n a nd ne v e r anticip ate u npl e a sant re sul ts whic h ar e b ey ond
,

t he c o ntr o l o f m e dici ne I d e e m the filli ng Of the a p e x

.

h e r m e t ic a lly O f the g re a te st imp orta nc e A b sce ssc s c anno t b e

,
.

succ e ssfu l ly t re a t e d t h r o ugh the a p e x u nl e ss t h ere i s a n e nl a rg e d

,

Op eni ng no thi ng c a n b e ga i ne d by such tre a t m e nt .

O dor i s Ofte n no tice a bl e on re m o vi ng a l ong standi ng root -

filli ng If the f ora me n a t t he a p e x i s w e ll fill e d no e xud at i on

.
,

ca n e nt er t he c a na l a t t hi s p o i nt ; no r c a n i t e nt e r by w a
, y o f
the c ro wn filli ng if t h a t i s a l so w e ll d o ne
,
T he qu e st i o n a ri se s .
,

f ro m wh e nce co me s the Odo r ? D e c o mp osi ti on ha s ta k e n pl a c e

a nd the qu e st i on i s d o th e t ubuli c o nt a i n suffici e nt m at t e r t o
,

giv e thi s re sul t ? Thi s i s a p o i nt t h at i s u nd e te rmi ne d i n my o w n

mi nd I thi nk the tubuli m ay f urni sh the m ater i al b ut I do not
.
,

say tha t i t d oe s .

Capp i ng P u lp s i s a ppli c a bl e t o y o u ng p a t i e nt s o nly A t the .

age O f t hi rt y or l ess w o uld no t a tte mp t t o cap a pulp f or f e ar O f

,

sub seq u e nt tr o ubl e b u t i n y o u ng subj e ct s i t m ay b e succ e ssful

i n f a v o ra bl e c a se s .

DR .H AS S ELL had b ut a w or d to say A gre e s wi t h the .

a u th or O f t he p a p e r o n the m a i n p o i nt s D r Sp a l di ng say s . .

he w o uld no t cap a pulp e xc e p t f o r child re n : will he giv e u s

,

a re aso n f or m a ki ng t hi s di st i nc t i o n?

D R S P AL D I N e z I w o uld no t c a p a pulp f or a n a dul t f o r t he

.
—
,

r e as o n t h a t t he t oo t h t i ssu e i s fully f o r m e d I n the y o u ng .

,

t he t i ssu e i s i n a f o r m at iv e sta t e a nd r e p a i r m ay go o n .

DR . S P AL D IN G I N RE PLY T O Q U E S T I O N z I ta k e the ground

,
—

th a t the a p e x i s a lw a y s r e a dy f or filli ng .

D R P R O S S E R z D o c to r do y ou e v er h a v e t r o ubl e a f te r fi lli ng
.
—
,

t he a p e x ?
D R S P AL D ING z Y e s
. Wh e n it o ccu r s o r I ant icip ate i t I
—
.
-

, ,

c o mb a t i t wi th h o m oe op a thic re m e di e s succ e ssfully C o uld not , .

giv e the l i ne O f t re a tm e nt a s diff e re nt r e m e di e s a re i ndi ca te d in

,

diff e r e nt c a se s I w o uld fill the a p e x i n ev ery c ase a nd d e p e nd

.
,

up on a ft e r t re a tm e nt wh e n d e e m e d ne c e ssa ry
—
, I f pu s i s p r e s .

e nt d ra i na g e mu st b e e sta bli she d a nd m a i nt a i ne d

,
.

DR . L O WR Y P /i osp li a tes D r Sp aldi ng say s the ti ssu e s

.
—
. .

will no t a pp r o p r i ate any m or e th an it ne e d s I f t hi s b e tru e the n .

,
 SO C IE T IE S . 3 57

a ny a m o u nt o f ph o sph a te f e e di ng ca n b e O f 11 0 b e ne fit to t he te e th .

P ro vid e d the sy ste m i s no t w a nti ng i n the ph o sph at e s I b e li e v e ,

t hi s to b e t r u e T he te e t h c a nno t b e b e ne fi te d o r imp ro v e d i n
.

s tr uc t u re by the ph o sp ha te t re a t m e nt .

R oot F i l l iny D r Sp a ldi ng fill s a p e x a t o nc e l e a vi ng the

.
~ —
.
,

c a na l o p e n f o r sub se qu e nt t re a t m e nt T he p a th o l o gic a l c o ndi .

t i o n he re is c o nfi ne d to t he a p e x a s a r ul e ; w e h a v e h e re th e n ,

a sm a ll te r r i to ry t h a t c a nno t b e r e a ch e d if the a pp e x b e fill e d ,

he r m e t ic a lly I do not b e li e v e in se ali ng up the a p e x thu s

.
,

c u tt i ng O ff d ra i na g e d e p e ndi ng up o n a b so r pti o n to re m o v e t he
,

a ccumul a t i o n O f b o ne p u s i n t he sa ck .

DR . B Q S T EVEN S
. .
’
Capp iny P ulp s C o ncu r s wi th D r
— —
.

’
Sp a ldi ng i n t he tre a tm e nt O f child re n s t e e th W o uld ca p the .

pulp s f o r child re n b ut w o uld ne v e r atte mp t i t f o r a n a dul t

,
.

t e n a n a b sc e ss i s p r e se nt o r wh e n t he su rr o u ndi ng p a r ts a re i n,

a n a b no r m a l c ondi ti o n st o p s t he a p e x i m m e di a t e ly b u t no t
, pe r ,

m a ne ntl y m a ki ng u se of such m a te r i a l a s a dmi ts O f re a dy re

,

m ov al sho uld tro ubl e sup e rv e ne

,
.

D R PRO S S E R
. f i l l ing R oots—
F ill s the a p e x imm e di a te ly .
,

a f te r tho r o u l cl e a nsi ng t he c a na l wi t h p e r o xid e a nd w a shi ng

g y
o ut wi t h a nt i se ptic s I f t ro ubl e fo ll o w s re m o v e s the filli ng
.
, ,

t re a t s a s a t fi rst a nd re fill s u si ng as a n a nt i se p t ic d r e ssi ng hyd ro

,

na pthol bichl or id e m e r cu ry o r co m phO phe niqu e R e p e a ts the

, ,
-
.

t re a t m e nt d a i l y if ne c e ssa ry ,
t ill t ro ubl e c e a se s E xp e c ts ,
.

t ro ubl e if the so u r c e of d ra i na g e t h ro ugh t he a p e x i s cu t o ff .

N e v e r l e a v e s the Op eni ng t h o ugh the c ro w n o r ro ot ca na l s Op e n

a f te r gi v i ng i t a d re ssi ng Thi s p re c a u ti o n is ne c e ssa ry to k e e p
.

o ut f o r e ig n m a t te r a nd b a c te r i a .

C ENT RAL D EN T AL A SS O C IATION OF NORTHERN

NE W J ER S EY .

R gul a r b i m o nthly m e e ti ng h e ld M o nd a y e v e ni ng Ju ne 1 6
e -

, , ,

1 890 in t he p a r l o rs o f S a nd J D a vi s 94 3 B ro a d stre e t N e w
, . .
, ,

a r k the p re sid e nt D r A
, R E a to n in the c ha i r
, . . .
, .

T H E PRE S I D EN T z G e ntl e m e n w e a re t o h a v e t hi s e v e ni ng a
—
,

c o nti nu a ti on o f the di scu ssi o n O f D r A tki nso n s p a p e r o n

’
.
35 8 TH E A R C H I V E S OF DE N T T
IS R Y .

‘
D e nt i stry o f t he P re se nt D ay I will c a ll up o n D r Atki nso n
. .

to ki ndly re f re sh o u r m e m o ri e s a li ttl e o n the p a p e r which will ,

t h e n b e o p e n f o r di s cu ssi o n .

D R AT KI N S O N
. M r P re sid e nt a nd b re th re n: A ll w ho h a v e
se e n t he A R C HIVE S a nd r e a d i t c a re fully wi ll ha v e t he t h r e a d o f
‘

the p a p e r b e f o r e t he i r mi nd s B ut a sh o r t e x t e mp o ra ne o u s
.

st a te m e nt 11 0 W will e na bl e m e t o c o nne c t t h a t wi th wh a t I h a v e

w ri tten o r ha d w r i tte n a s a co ntinuat i on O f the p re se nt sta tu s

, , ,

whic h it ha s b e e n h o p e d w o uld b e c o m e the g e ne ra l sta tu s o f the

p ro f e ssi on a t l a rg e t o m a k e it r e a lly a p r o f e ssi on t ha t w as th a t
, ,

w e h a v e giv e n much m o re a t te nt i o n t o simpl e h a ndic ra f t t h a n t o

t he p r i ncipl e s up o n which t he m e tho d s w e re b ase d e sp e ci a lly the ,

s urgic a l p r i ncipl e s i nv o lv e d i n t he a b e ra t i o n o f norm a l a c t i o n i n

t he b o dy c a ll e d phy si o l o g ic a l
, I t i s w e ll k no w n t ha t t h ere i s
.
-

v e ry li t t l e g ro u nd t o build a pu re phy s i o l o gy up o n
; t h a t i s th at ,

w e h a v e no e x a m pl e s o f hu m an b e i ng s t h a t a re i n a p e rf e c t phy
s i o l o i c a l c o ndi t i o n p er f orm i ng a l l the fu nc t i o ns O f t h e hum a n
g ,

b o dy i na no r m a l a nd e qu a bl e m a nne r w hic h if the y did w o uld

, , ,

shu t o u t p a th o l o gy e nt i re ly ; p a t h o l o gy m e a ni ng u nc o mf o rt a bl e

f e e li ng a l th o ug h th a t i s no t i nv o lv e d i n t he dic t i o n w e use
, .

T he o rigi n O f t he w o r d s p a t h o l o gy a nd phy si o l o gy a re so ne a r ly
.

a lik e t h a t t h ey b o th m e a n a c t s o f t he livi ng b e i ng a nd t ha t tha t

t e nd s t o w a rd s di sso l u ti o n ha s b e e n c a ll e d p a t h ol o gy a nd by ,

u sa ge t h a t has c o m e t o m e a n p a inful f e e li ng ; p a thos f e e li ng , ,

a nd l o g o s a di sc o u r s e a r e the w o r d s f ro m whic h w e e t t he
, , g
w or d p at h o l o gy Phy sic s a nd l o g o s a re the ro o t w o rd s o f p hy si
.

Ol o gy w hich m e a n a p ro pe r p e rf o r m a nc e O f t he fu nc ti o ns of the
,

b o dy
R E M E D IE S AN D THEIR APPLI C A T ION
.

Th e re a re p ri ncipl e s u nd e rlyi ng the a pplic at i o n O f re m e di e s ,

t h a t mu st ne c e ssa r ily f o l l o w the cu rre nt a l li ne s of nu tr i e nt d e nu ,

t r i e nt a nd t h e ra p e u ti c m o d e s o f c o mbi na t i o n a nd se p a r a ti o n
, ,

c o nse r vat i o n a nd d e str uc ti o n O f t he e l e m e nts O f a l l o rga niz a ti o n .

Th e se a r e the m o ve m e nts tha t h a v e b e e n d e no mi na te d life .

Any thi ng lik e a n a d e qu a te c o mpre h e nsi on O f whi ch i nv olve s

t he syll a bu s O f p r im e a nd c o mplic a t e d e l e m e nt s a nd m ass w h ich ,

i s e x p re sse d i n the f o ll o wi ng t a bl e O f the se v e n f o ld ser i e s of -

m a nif e sta t i o ns o f lif e

 SO C IE T IE S . 35 9

f i r st 1 r i nc ip l e s
.
—
At o ms .

P roazi m a te P r i ncipl es — .
,
M o l e cul e s .

’
D ifierent i a tecl P r i nc ip l es or E l em ents o
f S yste m s —
C e ll s ;
c o rpu scl e s ; ti ssu e s ; g a ns ; sy ste m s ; se nti e ncy
or .

O a r r r e nts I nte r a to mic ; i nte r m o l e cul a r ; i nter cellul a r ; i nte r

.
- - -

c or pu scul a i nte r ti ssu a l ; i nte r o rg a nic ; i nte r sy ste mi c ; i nte r

- - -

c o nsci o u s ; i nte r e th e r ic ; i nte r c o smi c

- -

Th e se b e i ng l a id d o w n a s t he f o u nd a ti o n o f g o v e r ni ng p ri nci
pl e s l e t i 1 s t u rn to so m e p ra c ti c a l e xp re ssi o ns o f th e m i n t he
,

a pplic a t i o n of r e m e di e s :

Wh a t i s c a u sti c p aste ? C a r b o lic a cid o ne t hi rd a nd p o tass ,

fu sa t w o thi rd s ; i t is e sch a ro t ic a naesthe tic di si nf e c ta nt a nd

, , ,

o b t u nd e nt I t p ro duc e s a n e ffici e nt limi te d sl o u g h ; u se ful i n

.

sup pu ra t i ng s u r f a c e s t o kill t he d e t e r i o r a te d su rf a c e a nd m a k e

i ne r t t he f e r m e nts t ha t m ay b e p re se nt a dv e nti t i o u sly o r o n p u r ,

p ose F ro m w ha t w e k no w o f t he ch a r a c t e r o f c a r b olic a cid

.

a l o ne a nd o f t he c a u stic p o ta sh wh e n u se d w
, i th o u t o the r c o m
,

b ina t iOns w e w o uld b e l e d to a v e ry i na d e qu a te c o nclu si o n

,
.
f or
se v e re ly e s ch a ro t ic a s the v a re w he n u se d a l o ne wh e n c o mbi ne d , ,

a s i ndic a te d t h e y se e m t o h a v e p r o duc e d a ne w b o dy wi t h e sp e
, ,

c ia l l v b e ne fi c ie nt q ua l i t i e s o f a c t io n I n v e ry l o w sl o ughi ng ulc e r s .

a nd ne c ro ti c p o i nt s i n t he so f t t i ssu e s th e y h a v e such a na ffi ni ty ,

a s t o c o nv e r t t he a l re a dy d e t e r i o ra te d st ruc t u re i nto a m a ss o f

d e b ri s S l o ug h o r sc a b whi ch limi ts t he fu rth e r p e ne tra t i o n i nto

, ,

t i ssu e t h a t i s i n ne a rly no r m a l a c t i vi ty T he pa i n i s v e ry m uch .

m o di fie d i n the c o m bi na t i o n fro m wh a t i t w o uld b e i n u si ng

t he e l e m e nt s se p a r a t e ly a nd w e ca n o nly su rmi se a s to the
p ri ncipl e s which a cc o u nt f o r it th e se i nv o lv e the mu tu a l a fli ni tie s
,

o f the c a r b o lic a cid a nd the c a u st i c p o t a sh a nd the f u nc t i o ni ng ,

p o w e r O f the sick e ne d te rri to ry o f the m o r b id g ro w th up o n ,

which w e a pply it as a m e a ns o f e x t i r p a ti o n o f the ti ssu e th a t i s

S O f a r d e t e r i o ra te d f ro m a h e a l thy s ta t e as t o b e b e y o nd h o p e o f

re sto ra t i o n t o a no r m a l nu tri e nt a c t i o n ; a nd thu s w e m a sa

y y ,

w e h a v e a ch e mic al k nif e by which t o e x t i rp a t e the m o r bid

g ro w th s T he i mm e di a te l y su rro u ndi ng te rr i to ry in a h e a l t hy
.

c o ndi ti o n sh o uld b e p ro te c te d by so m e ne u t ra l d re ssi ng such a s ,

H u sb a nd s i si ngl a ss pl aste r sm o o thly sp re a d o v e r the su rfa c e O f

’
,

t he no r m a l st ruc tu re to p re v e nt the sp re a di ng O f a ny u ne x
,
3 60
“
I R E AR C HIVE S or DEN TI S TR Y ,

p e nde d e sch a ro tic p o w e r re side nt i n the e sch a r whic h w e mu st ,

w a i t a f e w d ay s to b e rej e cte d by so lu ti o n o f the li ne imm e di a te ly

b e tw e e n the livi ng a nd the d e a d te rri to ry the e sch ar re p re se nt s ,
'

t he c o r e o f a c o m m o n phl e g mo n o r b o il
,
A p a ste o f t a nni n
.

a nd glyc e r i ne S h o uld b e sp re a d o v e r a l l t he e xp ose d a nd d e t e r i

o ra te d su r f a c e which S h o uld t he n b e d r e sse d wi t h a ligh t b a n

,

d a ge up o n the o u tsid e i n a l l c ase s tha t a re e x te r na l to the c a vi t i e s

,
'

o f t he b o dy ; b ut wi t hi n t he m o u th wh e r e i t i s li a bl e t o b e
,

m o i ste ne d by the muco id a nd sal ivary se c r e ti ons i t will b e w e ll to ,

sa tu ra t e e igh t o r t e n l y o f bibul o u s p a p e r w i t h the t a nni n a nd

p
-

glyc e ri ne a nd l ay th e m g e ntly a nd sm o othly o v e r the di se a se d

te r ri tor y. T he l o c a li ty S h ou ld b e w a sh e d e v e ry ho u r wi t h a
sa t u ra t e d so lu t i o n o f h d ro na htho l i n di st ill e d w a te r f o r cl e a ns
y p ,

i ng pu r p o se s a nd the d e st r uct i o n o f a ny micr o b e s t h a t migh t fi nd

l o dge m e nt to se t up r e tro g re ssiv e a ctivi t i e s i n the nu tri t i o n o f
the a dj o i ni ng t e rr i t or y Thi s w ash sh o uld b e c ont i nu e d u nt il
.

t he sl o ug h t a k e s pl a c e a nd wh e n t he e sch ar ha s b e e n e nt i r e ly
,

re m o v e d w e wil l b e a bl e t o d e t e r mi ne wh e th e r t he r e ar e wh o l e
,

so m e g ra nul a t i o ns sp r i ngi ng up i n the c a vi ty of l o st t i ssu e I f the .

m o rbid g ro w th ha s no t b e e n e nt i r e ly e x ti rpa t e d w e mu st re p e at ,

the a ppli c a t i o n o f t he c a u st ic p a st e a t tha t pl a c e a nd r e p e a t ,

t he a f te r tre a tm e nt a s a l re a dy d e li ne a t e d
—
,
Wh e n a l l t he m or bid
.

g ro w th ha s b e e n re m o v e d and w e h a v e succ ee d e d i n e sta bli sh i ng

a t e rri to r y o f ne w g r o w th g r a nul a t i o n t i ssu e h e a l th il y sp r i ngi ng
,

up di si nf e c t a nt t re a t m e nt by hydro na ptho l w a she s a nd a

, ,

so l u t i o n o f bichl o r id e o f m e r cu ry o ne gra i n to the o unc e of

,

di st ill e d w a ter f a i thfully c a r r i e d o u t will r e sul t i n a cu re

, ,
.

TIN C TURE o r AR O M A T I C S U L P H U R I C A0 1 1) i s a nothe r a g e nt t h at

i s v e r y e ffici e nt a nd b e nig n i n i ts a c t ivi ty up on m o r bid g r o w t h s
a nd u l c e r a t i ng s u r f a c e s e sp e ci a lly t ho se p o ck e t s wh e re t he c o n
,

ne c tiv e t i ssu e ha s b e e n di sso lv e d a w a y a nd l e f t d e e p ch asm s

a l o ng the li ne o f t e e th b e t w e e n t he c e m e nt um a nd a lv e o l a r w a ll s
,
.

Afte r d ryi ng o ut th e se cha mb ers wi th bibu lo u s p a p e r a s t h or ,

o nghl y a s m a y b e d ro p s o f a r o m a t ic sulphu r ic a cid full st r e ng t h

, ,

a s i t c o m e s f ro m the ph ar m a cy sh o uld b e d ro pp e d i nt o t he e p e n
,

m o u th of t he p o ck e t u nti l i t sta nd s f ull o n a l e v e l wi t h t he su r

,

f a c e of t he gum a nd t e e t h Wai t u ntil the a ffi ni t i e s h a v e a b so r b e d

.

a nd t a k e n up t he re m e dy so t ha t y o u c a nno t se e t h a t t h e r e i s
,
 S o ci E T I E S . 361

a ny fluid i n the p o ck e t th e n fill i t a g a i n a nd a g a i n a nd a g a i n

, , , ,

u ntil the r e m e dy c e a se s to b e ta k e n up by the di se ase d te r r i to ry

a f t e r whic h t he m o u t h sh o uld b e w a sh e d wi th a sa t u ra t e d so lu

t i o n o f bic a r b o na te o f so d a in di still e d w a te r d r i e d th o r o ughly ,

wi th bibul o u s p a p e r a nd t he n a p a ste o f ta nni n and gl y c e r i ne ,

sp re a d up o n se v e ra l f o ld s o f bibul o u s p a p e r S h o uld b e sm o o thly ,

l a id o v e r the su rfa c e a nd the p a t ie nt di smi sse d : g ivi ng him a

,

b ot tl e o f the hyd ro na pt hol so lu ti on to u se a s a w a sh f re qu e ntly

du r i ng the day a s o f te n as e v e ry t w o o r th re e h o u rs a t hi s
, ,

co nv e ni e nc e O n the ne x t day t h e re wi l l b e li ttl e if any d is

.
, ,

ch a rg e f ro m the p o ck e t D ry i t w e l l a nd w a sh i t o u t wi t h
.

’
p e ro xid e o f hyd ro g e n Ch a s M a r ch and s fif te e n v o lum e me dici
,
.
,
-

na l u ntil i t c e a se s t o bubb l e
, t h e n dry o u t the f ro t h wi th bib
ul o u s p a p e r a nd re p e a t the a ro m a t ic sulphu r ic a cid by d r o ppi ng ,

i t i n u nt il the ch a mb e r i s full sub se qu e ntly g o i ng o v e r t he sa m e

p ro ce ss th a t w a s a dvi se d f o r the p re vi o u s t re a t m e nt re p e a t i ng ,

it e v e ry day o r e v e ry o th e r day u ntil t h e re i s no l ong e r a ny

,

e vid e nc e o f
pu s w he n t he p e r o xid e o f hyd ro g e n i s i nj e c t e d i nto
t he p o ck e t . T he hy d ro na ptho l solu t i o n sh o uld b e u se d f r e
qu e ntly a nd t he bichl o rid e o f m e r cu ry so lu ti o n th re e o r f o u r
,

t i m e s a d ay u nt il t he c a se i s h e a l e d
, .

WINE OF OPIU M I n a l l c a se s o f a chi ng of gum s or te e th

.

th a t h a v e r e s i ste d m e dic a m e nt I fi nd g re a t sa t i sf a c t i o n i n t he u se
,

o f wi ne of o pium ful l st re ng th i nj e c t e d i nto t he p o ck e t s wh e r e

, , ,

th e re a re p o ck e ts a nd i nto the c a vi ti e s wh e re th e re a re c a vi ti e s
, ,

a nd t h en sa t u ra ti ng p a ck s o f bibul o u s p a p e r sm oo t hly l a id o v e r ,

t he te rr i to ry w h e re the p a i n i s u ntil t he na rc o t ic S h a ll b e a b so r b e d
,

suffici e ntly t o giv e the p a ti e nt e ase f o r the t im e whi ch u su a lly ,

’
s e cu re s t h e m a g o o d night s r e st A s a n o b t u nd e nt a nd a m o difi e r
.

of ne r v o u sne sss a nd u ne a si ne ss t hi s r e m e dy ,
wh e n l o c a lly ,

a pp l i e d
,
i s a v e ry d e si ra bl e a nd e ffi ci e nt a g e nt I do not re ga rd .

i t a s cu ra t iv e o f suppu ra t iv e su rfa c e s b u t as a n a dj uv a nt a nd ,

qui e te r o f p a i n i t a ff o rd s us o pp o rtu ni ty o f a pplyi ng the m o re

,

vig o ro u s r e m e di e s th a t w e h a v e j u st b e e n c o nsid e ri ng i n c a se s ,

o f i nfl a mm a to ry a cti o n i n a nd a b o u t t he m o u th Pa t i e nts sh o uld .

b e i nst ruc te d no t to sw a ll o w to o much o f the wi ne o f o pium l e st ,

t h e y sh o uld b e na rc o t iz e d b ey o nd t he d e si ra bl e p o i nt ; b u t a ny
p a ti e nt wil l he a r f ro m t hi rty to six ty d ro p s ta k e n i nto the s te m
3 62 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DE N T T I S R Y .

a ch wi th o u t i nc o nv e ni e nc e a nd g e nera lly wi th b e ne fi t e sp e ci a lly

, ,

wh e re phl e gm o no u s a b sc e sse s a re i n p rog re ss suppu rati o n i nthe ,

m o u t h o r o t h e r p a r ts o f the e c o no my Wh e th e r i t has any ,

S p e ci a l r ip e ni ng e ff e ct up o n a n a b sc e ss o t h e r t h a n Ob t u ndi ng

t he ne rv o u s i rr i ta b il i ty I a m u na bl e t o say b u t a f e w h o u rs wil l
,

o f te n su ffic e f o r t he o int i n o f v y u nc mf t bl lv l
,
p g a e r o o r a e a e o ar

a b sc e ss ( u m b o il so a s t o a dmi t o f o p e ni ng a nd di s ch ar gi ng the
g
-

) .

c o nte nts of the c a vi ty wi thi n t w e lv e to t w e nty fo ur ho u rs t hu s -

m a ki ng to l e ra bl e a nd o th er wi se i nt o l e ra b l e t e r m o f r ip e ni ng o fi

t he a b sc e ss i n the m o u t h o f a ne r v o u s p a tie nt .

COLLO D ION i s a sa tur ate d so lu t i o n of gun c o tto n i n sulphu ric -

eth e r . Th e re ar e tw o f orm s t h at the ph ar m a ci e n p rovid e s f or

u s ; the o ne c o nt ra c t il e the o t h e r no n c o ntra c t il e
, T he c o ntra e
-

t il e i s tha t o ne c o mp ose d o f gu n c o tto n a nd sulph u r ic e t h e r wi th

-

a li tt l e a l chohol ,
a nd the o t h e r i s m a d e o f c o ll o di on C ana d a ,

t u r p e nt i ne a nd c a stor o il Th e y are v e ry u se ful pro te c t i o ns to

-

rr i ta bl e su r f a c e s such a s a r e p r e se nt i n phl e gm o no u s a b s c e sse s

i ,

a nd sl o ughi ng ulc e r s Wh e r e the i nfl a mm a t i on ru ns high a nd t he

.

’
t e nd e r ne sss i s g re a t w e p r e f er t o p a i nt wi th a c a m e l s h a i r
, ,

p e ncil the e nt i re su r fa c e wi th the fl e x ibl e or se c o nd f or m o f

’

, ,

c o ll o di on Wh e r e the i nfl amm a t i o n i s on the d e cli ne a nd w e

.

d e si re c o mpre ssi on w e u se t he c o ntra c til e o r first f or m o f

, ,
’
c o ll o di on appli e d i n succ e siv e l ay ers wi th a c a m e l s h a i r p e ncil
, ,

u nt il a suffici e nt a m o u nt o f c ontra cti on ha s d r iv e n the bl oo d ou t

o f the c a pill a r i e s a nd whi t e ne d the su rr o u ndi ng p a r t s su ffi ci e nt

l y to sat i sfy u s t h a t the bl o o d supply will no w b e c ontr o ll e d ,

a nd the p a t i e nt h a v e a c o mf or ta bl e t im e u nt il the ne x t vi si t .

C R EO S O T E AN D O I L OF C L oV E S e qu a l qu anti t i e s by bulk i s a , ,
.

p olych r e st r e m e dy th a t I k e e p a lw ay s i n the c ase f or a pplic a ti o n

t o a c hi ng t e e t h p a i nful gum s ulc ero u s su r f a c e s a nd a l so wh e re
, , ,

pulp s ar e no t e xp ose d Wh en a c a vi ty i s p re p ar e d f o r fil l i ng I
.
,

wip e o ut to satu r a ti on the c av i ty wi th thi s a ge nt be i ng c a r e ful

no t to m a k e i t t oo dry b e f o r e filli ng ; l e a vi ng i t a s a di si nf e ct a nt
"

a nd c o a gul a nt i n t he b o t to m of the c a vi ty b e f o r e t he p r o vi s ,

i o na ry or p er m ane nt filli ng i s i nse r te d .

CAR B OLI C A C I D at o ne t im e w a s u se d as a di si nf e ct ant a nd

e sch a r o t i c r e m e dy a s a mic ro bicid e a nd a S h e e t anch or to wi nd -

w a rd t o w ar d o ff i nfl a mm ator y a ct i on I no w u se i t p r i ncip a lly .

 SO C IE T I E S . 3 63

as a c o mp o ne nt p a rt o f c a u st ic p as te T he w ho l e p he no l se r i e s
.

ha s s uc h a s imil a ri ty o f a c t io n t ha t t h e re c a nno t b e v e ry d e cid e d

p re fe re nc e giv e n to a ny of the v a ri o u s c o mp o u nd s d e riv a bl e
.

f ro m c o a l ta r wi th o u t cl o se a tte nti o n up o n the i r a c ti o n a nd l a rg e

,

e xp e ri e nc e o f o b se r v a t i o n i n m a ny c a se s C r e o so te a nd c a r b ol ic
.

a cid a re so ne a r ly a lik e a s t o m a k e i t no g r e a t si n t o su b s t i t u te

o ne f o r t he o t he r wh e n t he y c o m e f ro m c o a l t a r ;
,
b u t c r e oso t e
o b ta i n e d f ro m t he d e str uc t iv e di st ill a t i o n o f b e e ch w o o d se em s ,

to h a v e f o u nd fa v o r a m o ng d e nt i sts a nd su rg e o ns b e y o nd the
ph e no l or c o a l tar p ro duc t .

V INEGAR i s a no th e r p o lych r e st t h a t I a lw ay s k e e p i n my m e d
i cine c a se ; no t so much f o r i ts di re c t a c t i o n a s vi ne g a r a s f o r i t ,

b e i ng a dilu te a c e t ic a cid a nd a so lv e nt o f c a r b o lic a cid a nd

,

c re o so te wh e re v e r th e y h a v e b e e n u se d i n e xc e ss o f o u r d e si r e
,

f or t h e i r a c t i o n up o n the t i ssu e s Wh e re v e r w e d re ss fi stul o u s

.

Op e ni ng s w i th te nts up o n wh ich w e h a v e u se d c a u stic p aste ,

c a rb o li c a cid o r c re o sote a nd o il of cl o v e s a f te r pu shi ng t he

, ,

t e nt i nto the d e p t h o f the c a vi ty a nd e xci si ng i t a t the m o u th ,

w e s w a b o u t t he e xc e ss a b o u t the m o u th o f the fi st ul e w i th a
str o ng vi ne g ar ,
so a s t o p re v e nt sl o ughi ng o f the t e rr i to ry
b e y o nd th a t i mm e di a te ly c o nfi ne d to t he fistul e th a t w e d e si re t o
e nl a rg e f or f ur th e r e xpl o ra t i o n .

SUL P HA T E o r C I N C H C N I D I A i s a sh e e t a nch o r th a t 1 h a v e u se d
-

f o r y e a rs a s a to ni c t a ki ng the pl a c e a lm ost nt iI el y o f sulph a t e

,
e
o f qui ni ne ; f o r r e aso ns t h a t m ay b e chim e r ic a l I n my m i nd b u t ,

ne v e rt h e l e ss h a v e a p ersi ste nt h o ld up o n m e I use M cK csso u

.

R o bbi ns g ra nul e s o r ge l a ti ne c ap sul e s t wo g ra i ns e a ch o ne

’
, ,

i n t he m o r ni ng a nd o ne i n the e v e ni ng i n a l l c a se s o f d e pl e te d ,

ne r vo u s i rr i ta bl e p e r so ns such a s b o o k k e e p e rs cl o se stud e nt s
, ,
-

, ,

t e a c he r s a nd o th e rs w ho a re c o nfi ne d i n d o o rs a nd d e p r iv e d o f
,

suffici e nt a m o u nt o f a i r a nd su nligh t a nd o u t d o o r e x e r ci se 1 -

a cc o mp a ni e d wi th t he t o ni c e ff e c t o f t he sulph a t e o f ci nch o nidi a

f o u r g ra i ns i n the da y t w o in the m o r ni ng a nd tw o in the e v e n

,

ing which I re g a r d a s the plu s a m o u nt c a p a bl e of b e i ng a pp ro

p ri a te d b
y the o rg a ni sm to p ro p e rly c o mp o se the he m a gl o b in o r ,

c r uo ri ne o f t he bl o o d c o r pu scl e s wh ich p o l a riz e s t he r e d c

,

pu scl e s by a n a ddi ti o n o f h a lf a n e quiv a l e nt o f o xyg e n e nte ri ng

the simpl e o xid e o f i ro n m a ki ng a se squi o xid e thu s p o l a r
,
-

,
-
3 64 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN T I S T RY .

i zi ng i t so h at i t ca n c arry the m ol e cul e s o f o xyge n t hro ug h

t
o u t t he sy st e m t o b e d e p o si te d w h e r e t h e y a r e ne e d e d ; thu s
p ro vi ng ci nch o nidi a a re a l tonic by b e i ng buil t i nto the ti ssu e s
me e d ing supp o rt .I say i n co nnec t i o n wi th thi s use nux vo mic a ,

p h o sph o r us a nd c a nth a r id e s as p re p a re d by M cK e sso n R ob

bi ns o ne pill e a ch night o r e a c h a l te r nat e nigh t u ntil t he
, ,

d e si r e d to nici ty of the sy ste m i s a tta i ne d I a m a w are t h a t thi s .

i s no t r e g ar d e d a s t he S p e ci a l fu nc t i on o f the d e nti st b ut a s I ,

h a v e a l re a dy i nt im a t e d t he d e nt i st t o b e r e pl e te in hi s e nd o w
, ,

m e nt mu st k no w a ll that the m e dic a l m a n k no w s b e sid e s wh a t

, ,

p e rta i ns to hi s imm e di a te sp e ci a l ty i n m anipul at i o n a nd the a ppl i

c at i o n o f r e m e di e s ; so t h a t he i s no t only a d ent i st b ut he i s a ,

d o c tor a nd plu s f or he d o e s not fill the m e a su re o f a m o d e rn

a cc e p ta bl e m e mb e r o f t he d e nta l f ra t e r ni tv .

TIN C T U R E OF C AL E N D U L JE t he t i nct u re of the fl o w ers of ga r

,

d e n m ar ig o ld i s a re m e d y t h a t ha s f o u
,
nd i ts w a y i nto g e ne r a l
ra c t ic e by t he u se m a d e o f i t by the H a hne m a ni a ns a nd i s p r i n
p ,

e i pa l l y a d a p te d to a pplic a t i o n i n full o r dilu t e st r e ngt h t o f re sh

, , ,

c l e a n c u t w o u nd s
-

i n Opp o si t i o n t o a r nic a t he S a m so n i n br u i sed

,

w ou nds a nd cont usi ons Thi s f a v or i ng the i nfil tr a t i on of the

.

se r um o f t he bl o o d a nd the bl oo d p r o p e r i nt o t he c e llul a r t i ssu e

o f t he i nj u re d p a rt a s h a vi ng a supp o se d S p e cific t e nde ne y t o

,

t he a b so rp ti o n a nd re st o ra t i o n o f suc h i nj u r i e s Wh e r e v e r w e .

m a k e ski n cut s so a s no t to h a v e the lip s o f the w o u nd a t a l l in

j u re d o r b r ui se d t h,
e t i nc t u re of c a l endul as o ne p a r t a nd

w a te r o ne to t wo p a r ts i s a n a d mi ra bl e d re ssi ng to i nduc e u ni o n
,

by fi rst i nte nti o n .

TI N C TURE OF A C ONI T E R OO T F l e mi ng s ti nctu re i s a r e m e dy

’
, ,
.

much u se d a nd i s a no t he r p olych re st a lw ay s a t h a nd I t i s a con

,
.

t ro ll e r o f p a i n o f a ne u ra lgic v a r i e ty a nd i s c a p a bl e o f a rre st
,

i ng t he p a i n o f ph l e gm o no u s a b sc e sse s gum b o il s a nd o b s tr u e
,
-

t i o ns o f t he se nsory ne r v e s i n ge ne ra l a nd Of te n succ e e d s a f te r
,

m any o th e r ne r v e re m e di e s h a v e b e e n u se d wi tho u t succ e ss .

O ne sh o uld b e a li ttl e c a re ful i n a dmi ni ste r i ng i t not t o a ll o w the ,

p a t i e nt to sw a ll o w i t o r h a v e i t fle w o v e r o nto the so ft p a l ate

,

a nd f a uc e s ,
b e c a u se of the u npl e asa nt str idul o u s and ch o ki ng
se nsa t i o n which o f te n f o ll o w s i ts p r e se nc e i n t he f a uc e s D en .

t ists p r i ncip a lly u se i t a s a l o c a l re m e dy b ut a s a n i nt e rna l co n

,
 SO C IE T IE S . 3 65 .

tro ll e r of pai n a nd i rri ta bil i ty of t he h e a rt ,

i t i s no t t o b e d e
sp ise d .

N I T RO MU R IA T I C A C I D is u se ful t o t he d e nti st in i ts full

-

stre ng th a s a qu a re gi a a s a n o b t u nd e nt o f se nsi t iv e d e nt i ne a t
-

the ne ck s o f t he t e e t h a nd as a c o nt ro ll e r o f p a i n a nd a s a so lv e nt
o f a p th o u s ulc e r o u s p a t ch e s i n the m o u th a nd muc o u s m e m b ra ne ; .

a nd a s a c o rre c t iv e of t he g astri c j u i c e I n a nae mic a nd dy sp e p tic

p at i e nts i t sc a rc e ly ha s an e qu a l wh e n a dmi ni ste re d f rom a ,

phi a l i n full stre ng th d rO ppi ng f ro m fi v e to t e n d ro p s i nto a

,

wi ne gl ass o f sw e e te ne d w a te r j u st e no ugh to m a k e a nic e ki nd

,

o f l e m o na d e I t will c o nt ro l p a i n i n t he sto m a ch
. a nd i ndig e s

t i o n wh e n fo ll o w e d p e rsi st e ntly f o r f ro m fi v e t o t e n d a y s o r
, ,

u ntil t he dig e st i o n ha s so r e sp ond e d a s to m a k e o ne f o rg e t t h e y

ne e d e d a r e me dy I m e re ly m ent i on thi s a s a fa ct w orthy of
.

a tte nt i on a nd a d e p t i o n r a t h e r t h a n g o i ng i nto t he phi l O S O

, py f
o

supplyi ng the p r o p e r dig e st iv e fluid s ne c e ssa ry t o i nduc e t he

p r o p e r f e r m e nt to p e rf e c t dige sti o n i n the sto m a ch and p r im e .

v ia .

TIN C T URE OF CHLO R I D E OF I RON i s u se ful to the d e nti st a s a

h e m osta tic and a s a n e sch aro tic a ppli e d to ulc e r o u s p at ch e s , ,

a nd ne v e r di sa pp o i nt s m e nor d ist u r b s my c o nsci e nc e w h e n I

,

u se i t e v e n t h o ugh i t d o e s c o m e i n c o nt a c t wi t h the e na m e l o f
,

the t e e th so m e o f our b re t h re n h a v e b e e n f e a rful o f t he r a v a g e s

,

supp osed t o f o ll o w i t s c o nta c t wi t h t he t e e t h wh e n a dmi ni ste r e d

by m e dic a l m e n as a t o ni c .

SUL P HI T E OF SO D A i s a v e ry pl e a sa nt c onv e ni e nt a nd i nno c e nt ,

re m e dy which sh o uld a lw a y s b e a t ha d to c o r re c t u npl e a sa nt

Odo r s i n the m ou th a nd th ro a t u si ng i t a s a g a rgl e a nd wh e n ,

the sto m a ch i s o u t o f o rd e r a l i ttl e o f i t m a y b e sw a ll o w e d wi t h

,

b e ne fi t .

SALI C YLA T E OF SO D A is o ne o f the re m e di e s th a t wi l l a ssi st u s

v e ry much wh e n w e h a v e ne u ra lgic a nd r h e um a t ic p a ti e nts ,

e sp e ci a lly t h o se wh o se ne u ra lgi a d e p e nd s up o n a rh e um a
t ic di a th e si s Fo r i nfl a mm a to ry rh e um a t i sm i t p ro b a bly ha s no
.

e qu al wh e n giv e n suffici e ntly h e ro ic a lly t o p ro duc e e xc e ssiv e

,

di a ph o re si s a nd a b se nc e o f p a i n a nd sl e e p I t m a y b e w e l l to .

sta te th a t t h e r e a re so m e p a t i e nts wh o se h e arts a re v e ry much

di stu r b e d by h e a vy d o se s o f sa l icyl a te o f so d a a nd th o se w ho ,
3 66 TH E AR C HI V E S OF DE N T T
I S R Y .

a dmi ni ste r it S h o uld m ak e ob se r v at i ons so a s to e i th e r r e duc e ,

the qu a nt i ty o r o mi t a l to g e th e r i ts a dmi ni st ra t i o n t o such subj e c t s .

G LA C IAL PHO S P HORI C AC I D is a n age nt t h at e nter s i nto our

o xyph osph a te filli ng s a nd has c o nsid e ra bl e a c t i o n up o n t he de n

t a l t i ssu e s o ne of which i s a t fi r st a n u npl e a sa nt t wi ng e a f te r ,

which the c a vi ty i s so o b t u nd e d a s to p e r mi t e xca vat i o n wi th

li ttl e suff er i ng F ro m fi v e to te n g ra i ns i n a gl a ss o f sw e e te ne d
.

w a te r i s a g rand tonic to a t i re d o p e ra tor wh e n he i s ne r v o u s and

i rr i ta bl e r e p e at e d e v e ry t hi r ty mi nu te s u ntil he i s supp or te d ,

a nd m a
y b e w e ll w orthy of o u r at te nt i o n .

CHLORI D E OF Z IN C is o ne of the v ery b e st ge rmicid e s th at w e

h a v e a nd i s a n a nt i se p ti c I t i s t he fluid in which the o xid e of
.

z i nc i s mix e d f or te m p orary fill ings o r b one filli ngs so c all e d , ,

-

I t s sp e ci a l u se i s a s a r o ot filli ng t he Obj e c t b e i ng t o se cu re ,

a se p t ic c o ndi ti o ns of the c a vi ty e na bli ng u s t o fill t he b a l a nc e o f

,

the c a vi ty wi t h wh a te v e r w e pl e a se a nd p r o l o ng the u se ful ne ss,

o f the t o o t h .

H YD RO C HLORA T E OF CO C AINE i s a re m e dy of c onsid e ra bl e

p ow e r a t t im e s b ut the u nc e r ta i nty of i ts a c t i o n up on v ar i o u s
,

c o nst i tu t i ons re nd e rs it l e ss r e li a bl e th an o th e r a naesth e ti c a gents .

I h a v e ne ve r se e n al a r mi ng sympto m s fro m its a dmi ni strati on;

o t h e r t h a n e xc e ssiv e e x a l ta t i o n o f mi nd a nd b o dily a c t i o n t o su ch

a d e gr e e a s t o w a r n m e no t t o a dmi ni st e r i t i n l ar g e d o se s t o such

p at i e nts For Op e ni ng a b sc e sse s a nd e x tra c t i ng p a i nful r o o ts o f

.

t e e th i t has se r v e d a g o o d pu rp o se
, I k no w of li ttl e diffe re nc e
.

i n t he a c t i o n of a t w o pe r c e nt fi v e p er c e nt o r te n p er c e nt
.
,
. .

so l u t i o n of t he re m e dy ; which c a u t i o ns m e t h a t w e do no t t
y e

k no w e no ugh a b o u t i t to pl a c e u nb o u nd e d c onfid e nc e I n I ts u se .

Di scu ssi o n will a pp e a r i n ne x t i ssu e .

P RA CT I CAL S UGGE STION S .

*

B Y D R E E S HATT UC K KAN S A S C I TY M O
. . .
, ,
.

I hO pe th e se f e w re m ar k s or sugge sti o ns I m a ke will b e the

, ,

c a u se of i nspi r i ng ne w lif e i nt o so m e o f the d e nt i sts w ho k e e p

,

i n the sa m e ol d r u t y ear a f te r y e ar H o w f e w m e n i n ou r p ro
.

*R e d b e f ore t h e M i ssou r i S t at e D
a e nt a l A ssoc i a t i o n, at P er tl e S p r ing s,
MO .
, J ul y 9, 1 890 .
 SO C IE T IE S . 3 67

f essio n p o sse ss t he high sta ndi ng they t ho ugh t t h e y w o uld a tta i n

’
b e fo re j o i ni ng o ur ra nk s Wh a t is the re a so n 4 A r e t h ey fi tte d
.

f o r the o ccup a t i o n th e y h a v e ch o se n ? I t i s sa i d B e wh a t ,

na tu r e i nt e nd e d y o u f o r a nd y o u will succ e e d b ut b e a ny thi ng

“

e l se a nd
, y o u will b e w o rse th a n no t hi ng I s t h a t t he c a se ? I .

t hi nk i t i s in so m e re sp e c ts b u t I b e li e v e wh a t t h e y l a ck m o r e i s
, ,

wil l p o w e r Th e re w as ne v e r a t im e i n t he hi sto ry of the w orld

.

wh e n f or c e of will w a s m ore ne ce ssa ry t o succ e e d th a n no w .

E very ki nd of b u si ne ss i s o v e rd o ne a nd o ur p rofe ssi o n is ,

c ro wd e d T he o nly w ay i n which w e c a n h o p e to succ e e d i s by

.

t he g re a te st p a t i e nc e a nd a ppli c a t i o n Wh a t m o st m e n ne e d i s .

no t t a l e nt b u t a pu r p o se ; no t t he p o w e r t o a chi e v e b u t t he will
,
.

to l a b or H e w ho w o uld k e e p u p wi t h hi s f e ll o w s m ust t hi nk
.
,

a nd ac t qui ckly O ur c a l l i ng i s fill e d wi t h k e e n wi tte d m e n W e

.
-

mu st k ee p o ur ey e s Op e n a nd b e o n t he a l e rt o r w e will b e d is ,

ta nce d by o ur c o mp e t i to r s A v o id i nd ol e nc e a nd fill u p a l l the.

,

sp a c e s o f t im e wi t h u se ful e mpl o ym e nt Th o se w ho ar e the .

m o st p e rsi ste nt a nd w or k i n the tru e st spi r i t wil l i nv ar i a bly b e ,

the m o st succ e ssful I f w e m a k e a succ e ss in life i t i s due to

.
,

no thi ng b u t i ndu st ry E v e n the S impl e st a r t c annot b e a e c o m

.

p l i she d wi t ho u t i t O n e o f t he m o st imp o r t a nt t hi ng s t o c o n
.

sid e r i s o u r d e nta l O ffic e

,
I t i s t h e re w e p a ss t he b e st p a r t o f
.

o ur lif e O ur f a ilu r e o r o u r succ e ss in a bu si ne ss w ay d e p e nd s

.

m o re o n o ur su rro u ndi ng s t h a n m o st o f u s a re a w are I nte l l i .

g e nt a nd c ul tu re d p e o pl e l o o k to the e nvi ro nm e nts o n e nte r i ng a n

o fli ce wh e n c a lli ng t o m a k e t he fi rst a pp o i nt m e nt a nd y o u r
'

a bili ty a s a d e nt i st will b e v e ry c or re c tly g a ug e d by t h e i r fi r st

imp re ssi o n I t ne e d no t ne c e ssar ily b e fu r ni sh e d e xp e nsiv e ly

. .

T he o ne thi ng ne e dful i s t o h a v e i t cl e a n and ne a t i n e v e ry d e ta il .

I t sh o uld h a v e a pl e asa nt i nvi t i ng a pp e ara nc e a nd t a st e fully , ,

arra ng e d Thi s ha s a n e l e v a ti ng i nflu e nc e o n the ch ara c te r a nd

.

di sp o si ti o n of the d e nti st H e i s i ncli ne d to b e m o re ch e e rful

.

a nd p a t i e nt wi t h ne r v o u s a nd e xci te d p a t ro ns D o no t b e a f ra id .

o f sp e ndi ng t o o much m o ne y i n fu r ni sh i ng y o u r o ffi c e I t will b e .

a g o o d i nv e stm e nt I ne v e r sa w a cl ea n w e ll a rra nge d d e nta l

.
.

o ffi c e b ut the d e nt i st him se lf w a s ne a t a nd p a r ticul a r i n his a

, p
pe a ra nce a nd a l so a fi rst cl ass w o rkm a n
,
I ca n a lway s te ll wh a t
-
.

ki nd o f a d e nti st he i s by his c fli ce o r the ki nd o f a n o ffic e by , ,

 368 TH E A R C HI VE S OF DE N TI S TR Y .

the d e nt i st W e o ugh t no t to c onsid e r t hi s subj e c t i n re gar d to

.

a w e ll k e p t o ffic e o f
-

l i ttl e or no imp o rtanc e I t will a lw ay s .

b r i ng a b e tter cl a ss o f p at i e nts w ho ar e willi ng to pay the p ri c e

w e a sk and thi s i s a st imul a nt f or u s t o e xc e l i n e a ch succ e e di ng
,

Op e rat i on I t i s a du ty w e o w e t he p ro f e ssi o nto do a l l w e can to

.

i m p ro v e o u r se lv e s in d e nt i stry .

B e f ore b e gi nni ng a n e x a mi na ti o n o r o p e ra t i ng on the te e th , ,

a lw a y s w a sh y o u r h a nd s a nd b e su r e y o u r fi ng e r na il s a r e cl e a n
,
-

Uncl e an fi nge r na il s are di sgu st i ng u nd er al l ci r cum stance s

-

A lw ay s u se a cl ean na pki n or to we l f or e a ch p ati e nt A lw ay s .

u se a ne w pi e c e of r ubb e r d a m f o r e a ch p a t i e nt a t e v e ry si tt i ng .

D o no t sa v e the sa m e pi e c e t o b e u se d a t t h e i r ne x t e nga g e m e nt .

Th e y w ill h a v e th e i r d o ub ts a b o u t it s b e i ng the sa m e o ne th e y
ha d b e f ore I t m a k e s a b a d imp r e ssi on a nd a dd s b u t li ttl e t o o u r
.

p ro fi ts a t the e nd of the y ea r A lw ay s u se a s t hi n r ubb er da m .

a s p o ssibl e U se fi ne fl o ss silk o r li ne n t h r e a d w e ll w a x e d
'

.
, .

S oa p the d a m wh e re y ou haVe punch e d the h ol e s f o r the te e th

o u will b e su r p r i se d ho w e a sily i t i s a dj u st e d w h e r e the t e e t h
y
a r e c r o wd e d U se c o c a i ne o n the gum s aro u nd the a nt e ri or
.

t e e th T he p a t i e nt will l o se al l d re a d whil e a pplyi ng t he da m

.
,

a nd i n fi ni shi ng a pp ro xim a l c a vi t i e s t he o p er a t i o n will b e p a i n ,

l e ss A lw ay s dry o u t the c a vi ty b e f or e c o mm e nci ng to e xc a v a te

.
,

to e na bl e y o u to se e i n wh a t di re c t i o n the d e ca y ha s e x te nd e d .

A ll o p era ti ons sh o uld b e m a de a s p a i nl e ss a s p ossibl e Th e re .

a re a g re a t m a ny diffe r e nt f o r m a t i o ns o f t e e t h f ro m t he st ro ng , ,

h a r d a nd w e ll d e v e l o p e d to the Soft a nd ch alky wh e re the

,
—
, ,

e na m e l se e m s t o c r um b l e a w a y a t the l e a st to uch I n fi lli ng .

,

a lw a y s u se t he m a t e r i a l t h a t will p r e se r v e the t o o th t he l o ng e st .

K e e p t hi s in mi nd a nd a l way s work f or the go o d O f y o u r p a tro ns

, ,

a nd no t f o r t he m o st m o ne y t o b e o b ta i ne d f ro m t he o p e r a t i o n .

I n a g re a t m a ny c ase s pl a stic f o r a filli ng i s f a r b e tt e r t h a n

, , ,

g o l d Sp e a k w e ll o f y o u r c o mp e ti to r s e sp e ci a lly if t h e y are in
.
,

go o d standi ng D o no t u se t he l e tt er I t o o o fte n a s so m e O f u s
.
,

a r e i n t he ha bi t o f d o i ng Y ou will no t b e t h o u g h t any the

.

wi se r f o r i t N e v e r l o se y o u r te mp e r ; it b e li ttl e s y o u i n the
.

e st im a ti o n o f o t h e r s B e g e nt l e fi r m a nd ki nd a nsw er a l l u se
.
,

l e ss qu e st i o ns re gar dl e ss o f wh at th e y a re I n cl o si ng th e r e c a n
,
.
,

b e no t r u e r u t te r a nc e t h a n th i s Wh at a m a n d o e s i s the r e a l .

t e st o f wh a t a m an i s .
 SO C IE T I E S . 369

M I SS OURI STA T E D EN TAL A SS O C IA T ION .

Tw e n ty six t h a nnu a l m e e ti ng h e ld a t P e rtl e Sp r i ng s W ar

-

r e nsbu rg MO,
July 8 9 1 0 1 1 1 890 Pre sid e nt D r H e nry
.
, , , , ,
. .

F i sh e r c all e d the m e e t i ng to o rd e r S e ssi on w as Op e ne d wi th .

p ray e r by D r A C G rigg s of W a r re nsbu rg

. . .
,
.

T he mi nu te s o f the l ast se ssi on o f t he l a st m e e ti ng w e re re a d

a nd a pp r o v e d .

D r B Q S te v e ns a nno u nc e d th a t the A sso ci a ti on ha d l o st by

. . .

d e ath D r A N ol a nd a nd o n m oti on a c o mmi tt e e w a s a pp o i nte d

,
. .
,

t o d r a f t sui t a bl e r e so lu t i o ns in m e m ory o f the d e c e a se d C om .

mi tte e D rs B Q S te v e ns G M R i sl e y a nd J as L L e a v e l
. . .
,
. .
,
. . .

A dj o u rne d to 2 P M . .

A F T ERNOO N SE S S ION 2 P M ,
. .

P re sid e nt F i sh e r in the ch a i r Mi nu te s of the m orni ng se ssi on .

r e a d a nd a pp ro v e d .

T he c o mmi tte e o n re so lu t i ons to t he m e m or y of D r A . .

No l and pr e se nte d the fo ll o wi ng wh ich w er e a do p te d by the

, ,

A sso ci ati o n
To the ill em bevs of the M ssoa vi S ta te D enta l A ssoci a ti on
Wherea s D e a t h has re m ov e d f ro m o ur ra nk s o u r b e l o v e d
,

b r o th er a nd c o l a b or e r D r A N o l a nd o f M o nro e Ci ty o n the
-

,
. .
, ,

22 nd o f J a nu a ry 1 890 a nd ,

Wherea s D r N ol a nd w a s a f a i t hful stud e nt a n h o no re d

,
.
,

l a b o re r a nd w o rk e d h a rd to ra i se the sta nd ard o f o ur p ro fe ssi o n

,

i n t hi s S ta te
Ther ef o re r esol v ed Th a t thi s A sso ci a ti o n m o u rn with sorro w
, ,

the l o ss su st a i ne d .

R esol v ed Th a t thi s a sso ci a ti o n h e re by t e nd e r his b e r ea v e d

,

f a mily i ts h e a rtf e l t symp a thi e s a nd c o nd o l e nc e in thi s th e i r sa d

b e re a v e m e nt a nd m ay t h a t G o d i n wh o m he so implici tly
, ‘ ,

tr u ste d sp e a k p e a c e t o th e i r sa d h e a r ts in t h e i r di st re ss
, .

R e ol v ed Th a t a c opy o f t h e se re so lu ti o ns b e se nt t o t he f a m
s ,

i ]y of o ur d e c e a se d b ro th e r a nd to the A R C HIVE S OF DEN T I S T RY

a nd l Vestev n D enta l J o ur na l f o r publ ic a t i o n .

B Q S T EVEN S . .

G M R I S LEY . .
,

J AS L L EAVEL . .
.

C om m i ttee .
3 70 T H E AR C H I VE S OF DE N T T IS R Y .

Preside nt Fi sh e r ca ll e d D r B Q S te v e ns to the ch a i r a nd . . .

’
t h e n d e liv ere d the P re sid e nt s a dd re ss t he di scu ssi o n o f whi c h ,

w a s o p e ne d by D r W E Tuck e r f o ll o w e d by D rs C W . . .
,
. . .

Sp a ldi ng H asse ll B Q S te v e ns Pro sser W L R e e d C on

, ,
. .
, , . .
,

r a d L o w r y Buckl e y
,
D r F i sh e r cl osi ng the di scu ssi o n
,
. .

Pre sid e nt F i sh e r ca ll e d a tte nti on to the banqu e t to b e h e ld on

Thu rsd ay e v e ni ng a nd o n m o ti on a pp o i nte d the f o ll o wi ng co m
, ,

mi tte e of arra ng e m e nt D r s Sh a tt uck P rosser Ha ssell .

, , ,

N ich o l son and A u st i n and o n m o ti on D r F i sh e r w a s a dde d , ,

. .

D r E a m e s a nno u nce d t he d e a th of D r H Judd a nd m o v e d

. . .
,

t h a t a c o mmi tte e b e a pp o i nte d t o d ra f t sui t a bl e r e so lu t i o ns .

C arr i e d ; a nd the f o ll o w i ng c o m m itt e e a pp o i nte d D r E a m e s .

,

G o o d ri ch a nd Sp a ldi ng .

D r C o nra d p re se nte d the c l a im s o f the D e nta l P rot e c t iv e

.

A sso ci at i o n A dj o u rne d to 8 P M . . .

EV EN I N G SE S S IO N 9 P M , . .

P re sident Fi sh e r i n the c h a i r Mi nut es o f the l a st se ssi on .

'

r e a d a nd a pp ro v e d .

D r Wm C onra d r e a d hi s p a p e r
. . Pre ser va tio n of L o ose ne d “

T e eth .

D r B Q S t e v e ns r e a d hi s p a p e r o n Py o rr h oea A lv e o l ar i s
. . .
,

Wh at i s it ? and H o w to T re at it ”
D r J F Mcw illi a m s
'

. . . .

o p e ne d t he di scu ssi o n o n the p a p e rs a nd w a s f o ll o w e d by D rs .

J A Pr ic e W L R e e d E W Ste v e ns H S L o w ry L M
. .
,
. .
,
. .
,
. .
,
. .

A u sti n and W A E a m e s Subj e ct p asse d A dj o u rne d to 9 A

. . . . .

M July 9 90 ’
,
. .
,

MORN I NG SE S S ION 1 0 A M 7q 9th 1 890 .

— . .
,
£
,
.

Pre sid e nt Fi sh er ca ll e d the m e et i ng to or d er a nd the mi nu te s

O f the l ast se ssi o n w e re r e a d a nd a pp ro v e d .

D r E E Sh a tt uck re a d hi s p a p e r Pra c t ic a l S ugg e sti o ns " “

, ,
. . .

a nd w as f o ll o w e d by D r W M C ar te r o n Th e o r i e s a nd “
. . .

P ra c tic e ”
D r C o nr a d Op e ne d the di scu ssi on o n D r Sh a tt uck s
. .
’ .

p ap e r f oll o w e d by D r s Sh e ph ard H e wi tt G oo dr ich L owry

,
.
, , ,

P r ic e Sp a ldi ng and C ro z i e r Di scu ssi on cl o se d

,
. .

’
D r J T Fry o p e ne d the di scu ssi o n o n D r C ar te r s p a p er
. . . .
,

f o ll o w e d by D r Mil to n B Q S te v e ns Sh e ph ar d Va ugh a n
.
,
. .
, ,

E W Ste v e ns L o wr y M cWil l i a m s E a m e s Sp a ldi ng P ro sse r

. .
, , , , , ,
 SO C IE TI E S .
3 71

D ay , H
wi tt e ,
Y u ng Sl t
o , a e r, L vi na e, W e st ,
a nd Sa l e s . Di scu s
s i o n cl ose d . A dj u n d t
o r e o 3 P M . .

A FTEROON SE S S IO N 2 P M J ul y 9th 1 890

N —
. .
,
.

P res e id nt F i
sh e r c a ll e d the m e e t i ng to o r d e r a nd t he mi nut es

o f t he l a st se ssi o n w e re re a d a nd a pp ro v e d .

D r G e o J D e nni s h a vi ng l e f t the S ta te se nt in hi s re sig na

. . .
,

t i o n which w a s a cc e p te d a nd hi s na m e pl a c e d o n the r o ll a s a
,

c or re sp o ndi ng m e mb e r .

T he f o ll o wi ng l e tte r f ro m D r J D P a t te r son to the A sso . . .

,

c i a t io n w a s re a d by the P r e sid e nt
,

L U C E R NE S W I TZERLAN D Ju ne 22d 1 890 , , ,

.

T o the Ofi ee rs a nd M em bers of the M i ssouri S ta te D enta l A sso

'

ci a ti on i n sessi on at P er tl e Sp r i ngs, 1 890 .

My D ea r h a v e re g re ts a t b e i ng a w a y f ro m
Fri ends —
If I
h o m e a nd I su re ly h a v e I a ssu re y o u th a t my chi e f r e g re t i s
— —

t h a t I c a nno t b e wi t h y o u a t y o u r a nnu a l m e e t i ng t hi s y e a r I .

a m h o w e v e r wi t h y o u i n S pi r i t a nd t r u st y o u will h a v e a gl o r i
, , ,

o u s t i m e a nd a succ e ssful m e e t i ng B e fore I f org e t l e t m e say .

,

t o yo u a l l do no t o n a ny a cc o unt ne gl e c t to c o m e t o t he A m e r i
,

c a n m e e t i ng a t E xc e l si o r L e t u s giv e th a t a r o u si ng a tte nd a nc e
. .

N o w I a m no t go i ng t o w e ary y o u wi th a l o ng a cc o u nt o f my
,

t ra v e l s which migh t b e o f i nt e re st i n a d e nta l w ay by d e sc r ibi ng

, ,

my i mp re ssi o ns o f d e nt i stry in the c o u ntr i e s I h a v e vi si te d a nd

my c onclu si o ns u p o n e x a mi ni ng m a ny t h ou sa nd s of d e nta l a r ch e s
f ou nd i n the c ata c o mb s in t he di si nt e rre d P o mp e i ans m o uth s’
, ,

a nd i n t he g ra v e s o f the C a puchi n m o nk s I will r e se rve th at f o r .

a fu t u r e t im e B ut I will o nly sp e a k o f one thi ng a nd t h a t i s

.
,

t he l a w re c e ntly p asse d by t he G o v e rnm e nt of I ta ly which ,

sh o w s t h a t the w o rld do m o v e a nd t h a t I ta ly ha s b ee n ut
“
p
i n the f ront ra nk s of a l l t he c o u ntr i e s o f the w o rld i n re sp e ct to ,

d e nt a l l a w s .

Thi s l a w p r o vide s th a t no o ne ca n c o mm e nc e the p ra c t ic e of

d e nti st ry u nt il he ha s fi rst g ra du a te d in m e dici ne a nd th e n i n
d e nti st ry Wh e n i t i s ta k e n i nto a cc o u nt th a t b e fore he ca n
.

g ra du a te I n m e dici ne he m u st fi rst h a v e a u niv e rsi ty de gI e e

, ,

w e a t O nc e se e th a t the p re p a ra t i o n is such a s re q uiI e d by no

o th e r c o u nt I y i n the w o rld .
 3 72 TH E A R C HI V E S OF DE N T T I S R Y .

I ta k e pl e a su re i n te lli ng t hi s to yo u b e ca u se the ne w s ha s ,

p r ob a bly no t re a ch e d the S tate s y e t in a ny public w ay T he .

full te x t o f the l aw will so o n b e t ra nsl ate d and se nt to A m e r ic a ,

f or publ i c a ti o n by D r V a n M artor o f R o m e w ho ki ndly g a v e

,
.
, ,

m e a hi sto ry o f the p a ssa ge of the l a w .

I am a wf ully so rry th a t I am no t a bl e t o Shak e h a nd s wi th

o u a l l a nd t o h a v e t he u su al p assa g e a t ar m s wi t h t h o se wh om
y ,

I c o uld nam e and y ou c ould gu ess to b e t h e re aga i n t o i nsi st

— —

wi t h p o si t ive ne ss b o r n of f urt h e r e xp e r im e nt th at (the g e ntl e ,

m e n f r o m S t L o ui s t o the c o ntra ry no t w i thst andi ng) c e m e nt s f a i l

.

a t t he c e r vic a l b o rd e r on a ccou nt of f a u l ty m a nip u l a ti on e t c

, , .

Wi t h g re e t i ng t o a l l f ro m thi s b e a u tiful Swi tz e rl a nd I am , ,

Fra ter nally J D PA TT ERS ON

,
. . .

D C o nra d u nc e d t h a t the Mi nne so ta Stat e D e ntal A sso

a nno
'

r .

ci at i o n w as no w i n se ssi o n a nd o n m o t i o n he a s C o rre sp ond

, , , ,

in S e c re tary w a s i nstr uc t e d t o se nd the g re e t i ng s o f t hi s A sso

g ,

ci a t i o n .

T he c o mmi tte e to d raf t re so lu t i ons o n the d e a th o f D r Judd .

p re se nte d the f oll owi ng which w er e a d o p te d

,

WHEREA S T he r e c e nt d ea th o f D r H o m er Judd b ri ng s to
,
.

m i nd hi s a ct ivi ty a nd i nflu e nc e i n the o rga niz a t i on o f t hi s A S S O

ci a ti o n a nd his sub se qu e nt l a b or i n e x t e ndi ng i ts u se ful ness t o
, ,

th e g re a t b e ne fit o f t he p ro f e ssi o n i n t hi s S ta t e a nd ,

WHEREA S H is nobl e ch a ra cter e ne rgy and hi s li te rary a tta i n

, ,

m e nt s e nt i tl e hi m t o a n e x a l t e d pl a c e on the sc roll o f d e c e ase d

m e mb er s ; th e r e f or e ,

R esol v ed Th a t i n the d e at h of D r Judd t hi s A sso ci a t i o n ha s

,
.

l o st an h ono r e d m e mb e r wh o se p r o f e ssi ona l ch a ra cte r and

,

e x a mpl e w e e mul a t e a nd wh ose m e m o ry w e e v e r h o ld d e a r

,
.

R esol ved T ha t the h e ar tf e l t symp a t hy a nd c ond o l e nc e o f

,

t hi s A sso ci at i o n i s t e nd e r e d the f a mily o f o ur d e p a r te d b ro th e r

i n t h e i r sa d b e re a v e m e nt .

R esol v ed Th at a c opy of th ese r e so lu t i ons b e se nt to the

,

f a mily a nd t o the d e nta l j o u r nal s f or public a t i o n .

W H EAMES . .

C W S PAL D ING . .
,

J C G OO DR I C H . .
,

Pertl e Spr i ng s Jul v 9 1 890 ,

.Com m i ttee .
 SO C IE T IE S . 3 73

D r . W .H Em . ay of the Mi sso u r i
e s re a d his p a p er ,
“
A Hi sto r

nt l A
sso ci a t i o n D r G oo d r ich o p e ne d the di scu s
”
S ta te D e a . .

s i o n f o ll o w e d by D rs Sp a ldi ng a nd Sh e p har d
,
. .

D r E a m e s c a ll e d a tte nti o n t o the P o st G rad u ate A sso ci ati o n

.
-

a nd o n m o t i o n t he f o ll o wi ng c o mmi tte e w e re a pp o i nt e d to
, ,

re p or t o n the m a t te r : D rs G e o L Sh e ph a r d H S L o w ry . . .
,
. .
,

a nd A C G r igg s . . .

D r H S L o wr y r e a d his p a p e r
. . . T re at m e nt of D e cidu ous ,
“

T e e th ”
T he di scu ssi o n w a s o p e ne d by D r Sp a ldi ng f o ll o w e d
. .
,

by D rs H e w e tt C ro zi e r Sl a te r E W Ste v e ns E Q S te v e ns
.
, , ,
. .
,
. .
,

C o nra d D ay F i sh e r a nd M cW il l i a m s D r L o w ry cl o si ng the
, , ,
.

d i scu ssi o n .

D r H e w e tt r e a d hi s p a p e r
. Wh a t Sh a ll We D o to B e S a v e d ,

D r D arby o p e ni ng the di sc ussi o n f o ll o w e d by D rs C onr a d

.
,
.

Pr ic e a nd L o w ry D r H e w e tt cl o se d the di scu ssi o n

,
. . .

T he f o ll o wi ng c o m m i tte e w a s a pp o i nte d t o e x a mi ne the cli n

ic a l w or k D rs V a u gh an L o w ry a nd A u sti n .
,
.

A dj o u rne d to P M . .

N IGH T SE S S ION p m J ul y 9th 1 890 . .

, ,
.

P re sid e nt F i sh er c a ll e d the me e ti ng to o rd e r R e a di ng o f the .

mi nu te s w e re o mi tte d .

D r Th e o S t a nl e y g a v e a L a nte rn E xhibi ti o n of P ho to M i cro

. .
~ ~

g ra phic Studi e s in D e nta l H i sto l ogy D r E a m e s c o m plim e nte d . .

t he e xhibi t a nd a v o t e o f t h a nk s w a s t e nd e r e d D r S ta nl e y
,
. .

T he c o mmi tte e a pp o i nt e d to re p ort o nthe P o st G ra du a te A sso -

c ia tio n h a nd e d i n t he f o ll o wi ng re p o r t which wa s a cc e p t e d a nd ,

a d o pt e d

Mr . P r esi dent a nd G entl em e n o

f the M sso ur i S ta te D e nta l
A ssoci a ti on
Y u r c ommitt e e a pp o i nt e d to c o nsid e r the subj e c t of a c o u rse
o ,

o f p ro f e ssi o na l study o n the Ch a u ta uqu a pl a n w o uld r e sp e c t ,

fully re p o rt as fo ll o w s
W e u nanim o u sly a nd h e artily a pp ro v e of the pl a n o f such a
c o u r se a nd r e c o mm e nd th a t t hi s A sso ci a t i o n i nd o r se it a nd
,

a pp o i nt a p e r m a ne nt c o mmit te e t o h a v e t he m a t te r i n ch ar g e ,

with i nst ruc ti o ns to c orre sp o nd with a na ti o na l c o mmi ttee '

,

S h o uld such a n o ne b e f or m e d a nd b rin the m a tte r b e f o re t he

g ,
3 74 THE A R C HIVE S OF DEN T I S TR Y .

p ro f e ssi on i n the S ta te o f Mi sso ur i li e st d a te a nd in at the e ar ,

the m ost p r a c tic a l m a nner G L SHE PHA R D . . . .

H S LO WRY . . .

A C GR IGG S . . .

C o mplyi ng wi t h the re p or t the f oll o wi ng c o mmi tte e w as ,

a pp o i nt e d by the P re sid e nt : D rs W H E a m e s J D P a tte r . . .

,
. .

F ull er H S L o wry A C Gr iggs a nd G e o rge L

,

so n A H
,
. .
,
. .
,
. .
,
.

Sh e ph ar d .

A dj o urne d to 9 A M July l 0th 1 890 . .

, ,
.

CLI N I C S H u r sda y J ul y 1 0th 1 890 — -

, ,
.

D r E N L a v e i ne K a nsa s Ci ty m ad e a nd a dj u ste d a b ridge

. . .
, ,

o f t w o upp e r c e ntr a l s the na t u r a l t e e th h avi ng b e e n l o st by a ,

c o mp ou nd f ra ct u re o f the j a w T he d o ctor b r ough t hi s p ati ent .

w i th him .

D r L W e st M ar i onvill e e xhibi te d a P ne um at ic Plugge r hi s

. .
, , ,

i nv e nti o n .

D r J W M e ng L e xi ng ton G o ld F illi ng f or D r E W
. . .
, , , . .

Bear .

D r S a mu e l A Mil to n of Cli nton O b tu ndi ng S e nsi t iv e D e nt i ne

. .
,

wi th H o t V a p or u si ng hi s H o t W ate r A pp ara tu s ,
.

D r J C G o o d r ich W e ntzvill e fill e d a t oo th wi th A lumi

. . .
, ,

nu m F o il .

D r A J P ro sse r S t L o ui s pl a c e d a S w e dge d C ap o n a
. . .
,
.
,

T o oth w o rn off by che mic a l a b ra si o n f o r D r N H G a i ne s . . . .

D r B Q S t e v e ns H a nnib a l R o o t F illi ng f o r D r E W
. . .
, , , . . .

Ste v e ns .

D r J W H e ckl e r K a nsa s Ci ty d e m o nstra te d b ri dg e w o r k ;

. . .
, ,

D r H A C r e ss p a t i e nt
. . .
,
;

D r W H Buckl e y L ib e r ty C o pp e r A m alg a m Filli ng f or

. . .
, , ,

D r E S Sw e e t
. . . .

MORNING SE S S ION 9 a m J ul y 1 1 th 1 890 —

.
’

.
, ,
.

Pre sid ent F i sh er c a ll e d the m e e t i ng t o ord er Mi nute s of the .

l a st t w o se ssi ons r e a d a nd a pp r o v e d .

T he C o mmi t tee on Cli nic s m a d e it s re p or t w hich w as a cc e p te d ,

a nd a d o p t e d .

D r C o nra d m o v e d t h a t cli nic a l o p er a tor s b e re q ui r e d to h a nd

.
 SO C IE TI E S .

to theC o mmi ttee o n Cli nic s a w ri tte n d e sc r ipti o n of the

r e sp e c t iv e o p e ra t i o ns p e rf o r m e d C arr i e d . .

T he C orre sp o ndi ng S e c re tar y D r Willi a m C o nra d a nno u nc e d ,

.
,

t h a t the f o ll o wi ng g re e ti ng s ha d b e e n re c e iv e d f ro m the Mi nne

so ta S t a te D e nt a l S o ci e ty

MINNEA P OLI S M I NN July 1 0th 1 890 ,

.
, ,
.

D r Wi l l i a m Conra d Cor resp ond i ng S ecre ta r y M ssou r i S ta te

.
,

D enta l A ssoc ia ti on, P er tl e Sp r i ngs, l Va rre nsbu r g, M 0 /

.

T he Mi nne so ta S ta t e D e nta l sso ci a t i o n re t u r ns g re e t i ng t o A

t he Mi sso u r i S ta te D e nta l A
ci a t i on a nd wi sh it g o o d S p e e d
sso ,
-

C H R O B I N S ON S ecreta ry . .
,
.

D rs P rosse r
.
,
M anni ng H e ckl er G oo d r ich a nd L a v e i ne ,
, , ,

d e sc r ib e d th e i r cli nic s which a re r e c o rd e d i n the Cli nic a l

,

R e c o rd .

T he e l e c t i o n o f o ffic e r s r e sul te d a s f o ll o w s P re sid e nt D r J ,

. .

F Mc w illi a m s M e xic o V ic e Pre side nt D r G e o L Sh e ph ard

.
,
-

,
. . .

S e d ali a ; S e c o nd V ic e P re sid e nt D r W H B uckl e y L ib e rty -

,
. . .
,

Re c ordi ng S e cre tary D r J o h n G H a rp e r ; C orre sp o ndi ng S e c ,

. .

re t a ry D r Willi a m C o nra d ;
,
. T re a su r e r D r J a m es A P r ic e ,
. .
,

W e sto n ; B oa rd of C e nsors D rs J G H o lli ngw or th W L —

. . .
, . .

R e e d Ch as L H u nge rfo rd C o mmi tte e on E thic s D rs N H

,
. .
—
. . .

G a i ne s C V H uff J W A iki n Public a ti o n Co mmi tte e D rs

,
. .
,
. .
—
.

E E Sh a ttuck H S L o wry W E Tuck e r L aw Ja s A

. .
,
. .
,
. .
, ,
. .

P ric e W e sto n C om m i tte e on N e w A ppli anc e s D r J M

, ,
. . .

A u sti n S t Jo se ph , . .

EX E C U T IVE CO MM I TT E E D r Willi a m C onra d D r H e nry —

.
, .

Fi sh e r a nd D r J W Whippl e S t Lo ui s . . .
,
. .

SU P ERVI S OR OF CLINI C S D r A J P ro sse r S t L o ui s —

. . .
,
. .

Ne x t p l a ce of m e e ti ng L o ui si ana M o , ,
.

D r C W Sp a ldi ng w ho i s so o n to re m o v e to P ro vid e nc e R I
. . .
, ,
. .
,

a nd ne v e r e xp e c ts t o a tte nd ano th e r m e e t i ng o f t he A sso ci a ti o n ,

bid the m e mb e rs g o o d b y e e a ch o ne givi ng him a h e a rty ha nd -

sh a k e .

D rs P r ic e T W R e e d a nd F Sw a p w e re a pp o i nte d a co m
.
,
. . .

m itte e to d ra f t sui ta bl e f a re w e ll re so lu t i o ns to D r Sp a ldi ng .

,

and re p o rt e d a s f o ll o w s
3 76 TH E A R C H I VE S OF DEN TI S TR Y .

M r P r esi dent a nd JII em ber s

.
f
o the M ssou/r i S ta te D enta l A sso
ci a ti on,

G entl em en W e y o u r c o mm i tte e a pp o i nte d t o d raf t r eso lu

—
,

t i o ns e xp re ssiv e o f t he pl e a su re of t hi s A sso ci a t i on a ff or d e d by ,

the p r e se nce o f D r C W Sp a ldi ng a nd of re g re t t h a t he w i l l

. . .
,

so o n se v er hi s so ci a l c o nne ct i o ns with u s m o st r e sp e c tfully ,

submi t the f o ll o wi ng r e so luti o ns

’
R esol v ed Th a t wi th a full a pp r e ci a ti on of D r Sp a ldi ng s
,
.

Vi rtu e s as a ge ntl e ma n his high m ora l ch ar a cter a s a m an hi s , ,

e mi ne nt qu a lific a t i o ns a nd i nv a lu a bl e c o u nse l a s a p r o f e ssi o na l

br oth e r w e t e nd e r t o him our m o st si nc e re th ank s f or hi s p re s

,

e nc e a t t hi s m e e t i ng ( p r o b a bly the l ast t im e w e S h a ll al l m e e t

him o nt hi s e ar th ) w e d e e ply r e gre t th at he sh o uld f e sli t ne ces

sary to se v e r hi s so ci a l c o nne c t i on wi t h u s .

R esol v ed Th a t w e full y re aliz e t he f a c t th at no o ne ha s d one

,

m ore t h an he to a dv anc e the sta nd ar d o f our p ro fe ssi on a nd

the b e st i ntere st s of thi s A sso ci at i o n which will e v e r by u s , , ,

b e r e m e mb e r e d a nd ch e r i she d wi t h g ra te f ul h e a r t s .

R esol v ed Th at in hi s d e p a r t ur e he t a k e s wi th hi m o ur m o st
, ,

e ar ne st wi sh e s f o r hi s Succ e ss p rosp er i ty a nd h a ppi ne ss ; a nd ,

m ay ki nd Pr o vid e nc e e v er w at ch o v e r guid e a nd shi e ld him , .

R esohi ed Th a t t h e se r e soluti o ns b e sp r e a d up on the re c or d s

,

o f t hi s A sso ci a ti on a c o py p ro p e rly e ng ro sse d b e p r e se nte d t o

, , ,

D r Sp a ldi ng a nd one se nt to e a ch of t he d e nt a l j o u rna l s f or

.
,

public a ti o n
JAS A P R I C E
.

,
. .

T W R EE D . .
,

F S WAP .
,

Com m i ttee .

D r . F K
mpff of the S t L o ui s D enta l M anufa c tu r i ng C o m
. e ,
.

p any w a s e l e cte d an h o norar y m e mb e r i n re co g ni ti o n o f the

, ,

m a ny f a v o rs hi s co mp a ny ha d b e sto w e d o n ou r A sso ci a t i on .

A vote of th ank s w as te nde re d the de nta l de p ots Mi sso uri ,

D e nta l C o ll e ge J H Chr i sto ph e r D r Gr iggs a nd S t ith

,
. .
,
.
,

B r igh t f or nu m e ro u s f a v or s .

D r H F i sh er r e c e iv e d a v o te of t h a nk s a nd much p ra i se f or
. .

i ntro du ci ng a b anqu e t a s a p ar t of the p ro g ra mm e and so su c ,

c essf ul l
y m an a gi ng i t H e w a s re qu e ste d to do so a ga i n i n 1 891
. .
 SO C IE T I E S . 3 77

T he C o m mi tt e e o n E thic s m a d e th e i r r e p o rt wh ich w a s ,

r e c e iv ed a nd a d o p te d .

T he P re sid e nt a nd R e c o r di ng S e c r e tary w e re a u t h or iz e d t o
fi l l o ut c e rt ific a t e s o f r e p r e se nta t i o n to the A m e r ic an D e nta l
A sso ci ati on f or th o se w ho might apply f or sa m e .

D rs J o h nso n a nd G a i ne s w e r e a pp o i nte d t o c o nduc t the p re si

.

d e nt e l e ct D r J F Mc w i l li a m s t o the ch a i r
,
. . .
,
.

T he P re sid e nt a cc e p te d t he g a v e l i n a f e w w el l sp o k e n w o r d s -

t h a nki ng t he m e mb e r s f or th e i r p ro mp t a i d i n h e lpi ng him a s ,

c h a i r m a n o f the e x e cu t iv e c o mm i tt e e to e t up a p r o g ra mm e
g ,

f or the m e e ti ng j u st cl o si ng .

D r D J M cM il l e n w a s to o ill to r e a d hi s p a p e r
. . . U se a nd ,
“

A bu se o f C ro w n B ridge Wo rk e xc e pt by t i tl e ,
”
.

A dj o u rne d to m ee t a t L oui si ana M o July 9th 1 891

, , ,
.

TH E F OLLO W ING ME M B E R S W E R E ADM TT E D I

DU R I N G T HE MEE TI N G
D r . W al t e r M B a r tl e t t S t L o u i s
.
, . . . J . J . N e we l l , S t Jose p h
. .

D r . T B C a r r W e st P l a i ne s
. .
,
. . P . H . M orr i son, S t . L o ui s .

D r . E d w a rd S ch r a nt z W a rre nt on ,
. . E M c K i m , S h e l l C i ty
. T . c .

D r L A Y o u ng N e osh o A M M cG ee , N e w L o nd on
J V
. . . .
.
, . . .

D r C h as J K e ssl e r S t ose p h A L B r a nst e t t e r , a nd al i a

x
. . .
, . .

D r . E E B l i tz L e i ng t on
. .
,
.
S J S m i t h , C o l mb i a
. . u .

D r. D F O rr L i b e r t y L e i s W e st , M ar i o n il l e
w v
fi
. . .
.
,

D r . C A . B a d g l e y G re e n , el d . Fra nk S l a t e r R i ch H i l l , ,

D r . C V . L ar m e r ,
A l b a ny .
G S W a re P l e a sa nt H i l l
. .
,
.

D r . E . W B e ar S e d al i a
.
,

CO R R E S P O N D IN G ME M B E R S .

D r. R . D . S e al s, F o rt S mi t h , A rk . D r. J . D . P e ak , O sag e , K a n .
3 78 TH E A R C HI VE S OF DEN T I S T RY .

ME MB ERS PRE S EN T DURING T HE MEE T ING

A O G r igg s,
. . Warre nsb urg . Wm . C o nr a d , S t . L ou i s .

W e st o n W B a m e s, L ou i s
'

J A Pr i ce , E St
k
. . . . . . .

W E T u c er B u t l e r J G H o l l i ng sw orth , P l a t te C i t y
V
. . . . .
,

F S wa p B o onvi l l e
.
, . R . R . a u gh a n, F ul to n .

G e o L S h e ph ar d S e d a l i a
. .
, . wQ . . S te v e ns, H a nni b al .

S a m A M i l t on, C l i nt on ww c
S h a t t u k , K a nsa s C i ty
x
. . . .

CB H e w i t t , K a nsa s C i ty mfi ’ M cW i ll i am s, M e i co
k
. . . . .

W H B uc l e y , Li b e rty
. . . wW . . S te ve ns , C am e r o n .

A J P r ossor , S t
. . . L ou i s . g . M .C art e r , S e d al i a .

J M A u st i n, S t J oe q E C o e
r z i r L e
’
e s S u mmi t

kh
. . . . .
,

W W B ir . . e ad , L o u i si a na . mC . . W e l l svi l l e
B 1a i n, .

J S . . L e t or d , K a nsas C i t y . e . M . N i ch ol son F a y e tte , .

T . W . R eed, M a co n C i t y .
u C . . L ane K a nsa s C i ty, .

C H . . D ar b y , S t J oe . . q T Fry , M ob e rl y . .

J C G o od r i c h , W e ntz vi l l e u W C a rt e r , M ar sh al l
x
. . . .
. .

O . A J one s, H i gg i ns i l l e
. v . g . L . R eed , M e i co .

H . A C re ss, W arr e nsb urg

. . z . H . G a i ne s, I nde p e nd e nce .

J oh n G . H arp e r , St . L ou i s . g G . P ri c e , K ansa s C i ty .

C L H u ng e rf ord , K ansa s C i ty o d H Knob N o st e r

ufi ,
‘

x
. . . . .

J F L e i ngt o n
H asse l l , u L
I

M cM i l l e n K ansa s C i t y
x k
. . . . .
,
.

J W M e ng L e i ng t on a E A i i n, K a nsa s C i t y
fi
. . .
, . .

E N L aV e i n K a nsa s C i ty c H M orr o w S p ri ng e l d
k J
. .
.
, . .
,

J . W H e c l e r K a nsa s C i ty
.
, . e Ut e nl e y ,
)
r K a nsa s C i ty .

H S L owry K a nsa s C i t y L E D ay , N e vada

J hn
. .
, . .

G M R i sl e y , B u t l e r M V o so n, H ol d e n

k V
. . . .
.

G . L . M oc ,
W arre nsb urg . F S M anni ng , e rsai l l e s
. . .

H e nr y F i sh e r St L o ui s D e C our ce y L i nd sl e y , S t L ou i s
J
. . .
, .

J A u st e r m e l l ,
~

K ansa s C i ty M W S t e i ne r , S t J oe
fi V
. . . . . . .

E . S . S w e e t S pr i ng e l d . . M W P e arson,
. a nd al i a. .

J as . L L e a e l , S t J o se ph
. v . . F . M . F ul k er so n, P l e a sa nt H i l l .

C . W . S p a l d i ng , S t . L ou i s . R . I . P e ar so n K ansa s C i t y ,
.

JOH N G H A P ER
. R ,

’
R ecor di ng S ec y , M S D A . . .

S OUTH C AROLINA D ENTAL A SS O C IA TION .

T he t w e nti e t h a nnu a l c o nv e nt i o n of t he S o u th C ar o li na D e nt al
'

A sso ci at i o n m e t M ay 1 3 at the Ch arl e stonH oteh C harl e ston S C , ,

. .

T he f o ll o wi ng ne w m e mb e rs w e re e l e c te d : W C Kl a tt e . .
, .

Ch a rl e sto n G e o B P atr ick Ch ar l e sto n J A B re e l and

H olly H ill J A Pa tterso n A ll e nda l e B Si mm ons Ch arl e s
.
,
. .
,
.

.
,
. .
,

t o n J T Wil so n Willi a m ston ; a nd H J M o uz on

. .
,
. . .
 SO C I E T IE S . 3 79

T he f te rno o n se ssi o n w a s d e v o te d to cli nic s in t he o l d billi ar d

a

r o o m o f the Ch arl e sto n H o te l A numb e r o f p e o pl e at tend e d .

a nd ha d t h e i r te e t h e x a mi ne d f re e o f ch ar g e whil e the d e nt i sts

w e re i nte re ste d sp e c ta to rs .

T H E E VENING SE S S ION .

T he A sso ci at i o n m e t a t P M a t the Ch arl e sto n H ote l . .

,
.

D r J B P a t rick re a d a v e ry i nte re st i ng a nd a bl e p a p e r o n
. . .

Phy si o l o gic a l I nqui r i e s of the E ff e c t of L im e S a l ts o n T o o th

S truc tu re ”
.

I t w a s di scu sse d b V D r s T e a gu e R idg e ll B oo z e r a nd D o t .

, ,

tere r .

T he m orni ng se ssi on se c ond day w a s d e v o te d to cli ni c s and

, , ,
’
w a s h e ld i n the ro o m a dj o i ngi ng the l a di e s o r di na ry a t the
Ch arl e ston H o te l P at i e nts w e re pl e nt iful a nd the u tm o st i h
.
,

te r e st w as m a nif e ste d i n t he difficul t c a se s p re se nt e d f o r t re a t

m e nt T he f oll o wi ng i s a li st o f t he cli nic s
.

D r W G B ro w n, A tl a nta C o nt o u r G o ld F illi ng
. . . D r J ,
. . .

T C a lv e r t G o ld Buildi ng o n F ro nt T e e th D r J P C a rli sl e
.
,
. . . .
,

S o f t G old F illi ng D r J B C o l so n U se o f hi s L o c a l A naas

. . . .
,

th e t ic D r J B P a tr ick A f te r tr e a t m e nt i n C a se o f Tum o r
. . . .
,
-

D r L P D o tte re r e xhibi te d hi s C ase of I mpl a nta t i on

. . . Dr J . . .

R Th o m p so n C o mp o u nd F illi ng G old a nd C e m ent D r T

.
, ,
. . .

T M o o re G o ld F illi ng s D r J L Th o mp so n A tl a nt a M a k
.
,
. . . .
, ,

i ng a nd Pl a ci ng G old C ro w n D r L S W o lf e F illi ng s wi th . . . .
.
,

C ry sta l G o ld D r s Muck e nfu ss a nd K l a tte e xhibi t e d C ase o f

. .

Fra c tu re of L o w e r Ja w .

A re p ort o n D enta l Li te ra tu re w a s re a d by D r E C
“
. . .

R idge ll a l so a n e ssay o n Post G ra du ate E duc a ti o n by D r -

,
”
.

G W Dick T he m a tte r w a s di scu sse d by D rs J B Pa trick

. . . . . .
,

W G B ro w n A T P e e te H J M o uz on a nd B H T e a gu e
. .
,
. .
,
. . . . .

Thi s w a s f o ll o w e d by a p a p e r f ro m D r E C R idg e ll a f te r . . .
,

w hich the subj e c t w a s p a sse d .

Ne x t c a m e a f o rcibl e p a p e r by D r B H T e agu e o n the . . .

qu e sti o n Why Sh ould D e nti sts E x tra c t so M a ny T e e th 2

,
“ “

Th e re w as a n a nim a te d di scu ssi o n by D rs M o uz o n P e e te .

, ,

Th o mp so n R idge ll a nd O N e il l which o ccupi e d the re st o f the

,
’
,
.

se ssi o n a nd a f t e r which the c o nv e nt i o n to o k a r e c e ss

,
.

T he f o ll o wi ng reso lu ti o ns w e re p a sse d
£ 3 80
TH E A R C H I V E S OF DE N T T I S R Y .

R Th at the S o ut h C aroli na D e nta l A sso ci a ti on d ona te

esol v e d,
t o a ny p e r so n o r p e rso ns $2 5 if so much b e ne c essary f o r i h , ,

f or m a ti o n to b e f urni se e d the S e c retary of the A sso ci at i on of

p r oo f to c onvic t f or the fi rst c a se o f any p e rso n o r p e rso ns not
c onfo rmi ng to the d e nta l l a w s o f the S tat e a nd it S h a ll b e the
du ty of the S e c re tary o f the S o u th C aro li na D e nta l A sso ci a ti on
t o h a v e sa id p e rso n or p e rso ns p r ose cu te d
”
.

T he r e so lu ti o n w a s i ntr o duc e d by D r E C R idg ell . . . .

D r G F S W r igh t i ntr o duc e d the f o l l o wi ng reso lu t i on

. . .

R esol v ed Th a t the sum O f 3 525 b e a pp ro p ri a t e d t o h a v e the

,

.
li st o f lic e nse d d e nti sts publi sh e d wi th se ct i o ns e igh t and te n
a pp e nd e d ; such public a t i o ns t o b e m a d e i n the Ch a rl e sto n ,

C olu m bi a a nd G r e e nvi l l e p a p e rs which publi sh thea nnu al m e e t ,

i ng s ”
.

Pa p ers o n d e nta l hygi e ne w e re re a d by D rs C o l son a nd .

R u t l e dg e T he di scu ssi o n w a s p articip a t e d i n by D rs S tr ick

. .

l and J B P a tr ick G F S W r igh t L P D ott e r e r B H

,
. .
,
. . .
,
. .
,
. .

T e agu e and A T Pe e te . . .

A n e l o qu e nt a dd re ss w a s d e liv e re d by D r A l e x a nd e r i n .

m e m ory of D r Bi sse ll o f C a md e n and a bl a nk p a ge to his .

,
'

m e m o ry w a s o rd e re d l e ft o n the m i nu tes .

D r A T P e e te re a d a p a p e r up o n M a te r i a M e dic a a nd
. . .
“

’
Th era p e u tic s ”
T he p a p e r w as di scu sse d by D rs O N e il l
. .
,

G F S Wrigh t and J B Pa trick

. . . . . .

T he r e p ort o f the C o mm ittte e o n I rre gul ar iti e s w a s r e a d by

D r J B P a t r ick w ho sh o w e d m a ny fi ne a ppli a nc e s f or c or re c
. . .
,

t ion
‘

D r L P D otte re r r e a d a r e p or t o n A ppl ince s a nd I m p r o v e

. . .

m e nts
“

D r . B ro w n
d e m o nstra te d his ne w tooth cro w n
,
of Atl a nta , .

’ il i nvi te d h m mb e rs o a tte nd a b a nqu e t a t the

D r O N e . t e e t
C h ar l e sto n H o t e l i n t he na m e O f the d e nt i st s i n the c i ty ,
.

A n e l e c ti o n of o ffi c e r s w as e nt e re d up o n whi ch re sul t e d as ,

f oll o w s : E G R idge ll Pre sid e nt ; J T C o lv er t F i rst V i ce

. .
,
. .
,

P re sid e nt ; J R Smi t h S e c ond V ic e P re sid e nt ; A T P e e t e

. .
,
-
. .
,

C or re sp ondi ng S e cr e ta ry B ra nchvill e S C B R utl e dge , R e , ,

. . .

c ordi ng S e c re t a ry ; G W Dick T r e asu rer ; D r L S Wolfe . .

,
. . . ,

at e fi l l v aca ncy o n B o a r d o f D e nt a l E x a m i ne rs .
 SO C I E T I E S . 381
“

A nd e rso n w as se e l ct e d as the ne x t pl a c e Of m e e ti ng ,
to b e h e ld
July 1 891 .

T he T re a su re r re a d his re p or t which sh o w e d b e tte r fi na nci a l

,
“

r e sul ts t h a n e v e r b e f ore .

T he ne wly e l e c te d o ffi c e rs w e re duly i nsta ll e d a nd the co n ,

v e nti o n a dj o u r ne d A t nigh t the vi si tors w e re t e nd e r e d a n e l e

.

ga nt b a nqu e t in t he l a di e s o r di nary o f the Ch a rl e ston H o te l

T he b a nqu e t w a s a m ost e nj o y a bl e o cc asi o n i n e v e ry w ay .

T he m e nu w a s e l e g a nt a nd w a s g o tte n up i n the styl e f o r which

,

the Ch arl e st o n H o te l i s f a m o u s D r W S B ro w n of the ci ty

. . . .

p r e sid e d A m ag nific e nt a dd re ss w a s m a d e by E x P re sid e nt R

.
-

A tm ar Smi th o n the pr e sent sta tu s of the p rofe ssi on .

Th e re w er e no re gul a r t oa sts a nd the only one pr o p o se d w as

by the N e st or o f the A sso ci at i o n D r J B P a trick S r a nd ,
. . .
,
.
,
'

w a s e l o qu e ntly re sp o nd e d t o by D r A T P e e te D rs J R . . . . . . .

T ho mp so n a nd W G B ro wn w ere a l so c a ll e d up o n and e xtend

. .
,

e d c o r di a l i nvi t a t i o ns t o t he m e mb e r s t o a t t e nd the G e o r gi a co n

v ent io n . S e v era l up co u ntry m e mb e rs sp o k e c o rdi a lly i nvi ti ng

—
,
“

al l the A sso ci a t i on t o a t t e nd t he ne x t a nnu a l m e e t i ng a t A nd e r

so n .

NORTH C AROLINA ST AT E D EN T AL S O C IE T Y .

RE S OLU T IO N S .

T he foll o wi ng re so lu ti ons w e re p a sse d by a u na nim o u s v o te .

a nd wi t h e nthu si a sm by the N o r t h C aro li na D e nt a l S o ci e ty at ,

i ts r e c e nt se ssi o n i n Wilmi ng to n I n e xpl a na t i o n of t h e m i t i s

. .

ne ce e ssary to sa y th a t the sta nd a r d o f d e nti st ry ha s b e e n g r e a tly

l o w e re d in thi s S ta te by the Coll e ge s i n g ra du a ti ng m e n w ho h a v e
ne v e r ha d a ny p re vi o u s o ffic e pupil a g e by a g o o d p re c e p to r Th e y .

do sh o ddy w o r k a nd f e w o f th e m e v e r a ffili a te w i t h o u r S o ci e ty
,

h e nc e it i s i mp o ssibl e to re m e dy the e vil u nl e ss w e go to i ts

sco u rce . W e c a n p o i nt wi t h p rid e to o ur y o u ng m e n w ho h a v e
se r v e d a pupil a g e o f t w o y e a rs u nd e r o ur b e st d e nt i sts b e f o re
go i ng to c o ll e g e Th e y a re a ddi ng stre ng th a nd h o no r to t he
.

p ro fe ssi o n a nd a re re a l b e ne fa c to rs to t he p e o pl e H e nc e th e se
,
.

r e so lu t i o ns

W erea s We a re d e si rou s o f ra i si ng the sta nd a rd O f d e nti stry

,
3 82 TH E AR C HI V E S OF DE N T T
I S R Y .

in N o rt h C aro li na a nd of i nc re a si ng the i ndividu a l p ro fici e ncy of

'

e a ch m e mb e r o f the p r o f e ssi o n: a nd

Wherea s I n ou r o pi ni on we c annot a cc o mpli sh thi s whi l e the

, ,

c o l l e g e s e nc o u ra g e y o u ng m e n to e nte r t he m f ro m the bu si ness

a v o c a t i o ns o f li f e wi t h o u t a ny p re vi o u s o ffi ce pupil a g e a nd

Wher ea s Thi s i s i nimi c a l to o ur C o nst i tu t i o n a nd B y L a w s

,
-

t h e r e fo r e
R esohi ed l st Th a t w e the N orth C aroli na D ent a l S o c i e ty
,
.
, ,

o ffe r o u r p ro te st a ga i nst any c oll e g e t h a t sh a l l di sc o u r a g e o ffic e

pupil ag e b e fore e nter i ng c o ll e ge .

2nd Th at w e will u se o ur i nflu e nc e a ga i nst any c o ll e g e

.

o r c o ll e g e p r o f e ssor who sh al l t hu s l o w e r the st a nd a r d Of de n

ti stry o r w ho S h a l l k no wi ngly r e c e iv e a pupi l fro m o ur S ta te

,
’
wi t h ou t t w o y e ars Offic e pupil a g e in a cc or d a nc e wi th ou r C o n ,

s t it u ti o n a nd B y L a w s -
.

3 rd Th a t a c o p y O f t he se r e so l ut i o ns b e se nt to so m e o f t he
.

l e a d ing j o ur na l s f or public a t i on .

C A R O M IN G ER
. .
, H C HER R IN G . .
,

S ecr e ta ry . P resi dent .

NOR T H CAR OLINA STA T E D EN TAL S O C IE T Y .

T he six te e nt h a nnu a l m e e t i ng o f the N o t h C a ro li na St a te D e n

t al S o ci e ty j u st h e ld i n Wilmi ng to n w a s m o st pl easa nt a nd
, ,

p ro fi ta bl e T he f o ll o wi ng g e ntl e m en w e re e l e cte d f or the

.

e nsu i ng y e ar : H C H e rri ng Pre sid ent ; J E Hych e F i rst

. .
,
. .
,

V ic e P r e sid e nt ; J D H ar p e r S e c ond V i c e P re sid e nt C A

-
. .
,
-

. .

R omi nge r S e c reta ry ; J W H u nte r Treas u re r Sid P H il

,
. .
,
. .

li ar d Sup e r vi so r of Cli nic s J H Du rh a m E ssayi st

,
. .
,
.

T he ne xt m e e t i ng will b e h e ld i n D ur h a m b e gi nni ng on t he ,

fi rst Tu e sd ay i n M ay 1 891 C A R O MI N GE R S ee
,
. . .
,
.

T HE S OU T HERN IL L IN OI S D EN TAL S O C IE T Y
Wil l h o ld its fif th a nnu a l m e e ti ng at Ch e ste r I ll c o mm e nci ng ,
.
,

o n T ue sd a y O c t o b e r 2 i st a nd c o nt i nui ng t h r e e d ay s
, ,
M e mb e r s .

o f o th e r d e nt a l so ci e t i e s a nd a l l r e pu t a bl e d e nt i sts are c o r di a lly

i nvi te d to b e p re se nt . L T PHI L L I PS S ee . .
,
.
 SO C IE T I E S . 3 83

OHIO ST A T E D EN T AL S O C IE T Y —
NO TI C E .

T o the JlI em bers o f til e D enta l P r of essi on .

Y
u r a t te nti o n is c a l l e d to the ne x t m e e ti ng of the O hi o
.

S ta te D e nta l S o ci e ty to be h e ld a t C o lumbus O c to b e r 2 8th 2 9th , ,

a nd 3 0t h 1 890 ,
Y o u a re c o rdi a lly i nvit e d to b e p re se nt a nd
.

p a r ticip a t e i n t he m e e t i n g s if p o ssibl e .

T he se h a vi ng ne w a ppli a nc e s o r m e th o d s O f p ra ctic e f or the

‘

oo d o f the p ro f e ssi o n are so licit e d t o c o mmu nic a t e with t h

g e

c o mmit te e w ho wil l ta k e p a i ns i n Off e r i ng a n o pp o r tu ni ty f or

,

t he p ro p e r p re se nt a ti o n o f sa m e
? A F E MM I N G E R . . .
,

W H TO DD . .
,

OTT O AR NOL D ,

E 90 . 00m .

AM ERI C AN D EN TAL A SS O C IA T ION .

T he thi ti thrnnu l e i n f th A m ic n D nt l A
a a se ss o o e er a e a sso

c i ation will b e hel d at E xc e l si o r Sp r i ng s Mi sso u ri c o m m e nci ng , ,

T u esday ,
A ugu s t 5 th, ,
’
1 890 a t 1 0 o cl o ck A M . .

G EO R GE H CU S HI N G R ee S ee .
, . .

ATIONAL A SS O C IA TIO N OF D ENTAL FA C ULTI E S

"

T h N ti n l A
e ci ti n f D nt l F cul ti will m t n
a o a sso a o o e a a es ee o

M nd y A ugu t 4 1 890 t 1 0 A
o a ,
t E xc l i
s Sp i ng M
, ,
a . M .
,
a e s or r s, O .

JOHN S . M AR S HALL , S ecre ta r y .

D enta l M i r r or , July i ssu e V ol I N O 1 e di tor D r O t to

,
. .
,
.
, ,
.

i ingui, publi sh e d by the D e nt a l Publi shi ng C o 63 W e st F if ty .

,

fi f th str ee t ,
N ew Yo rk is o n o ur tabl e Succ e ss to the ne w
. .

j o ur na L
TH WE S T E R N DE N T AL COLLE G E i s the l a t e st a ddi ti o n to t he
E

d e nt a l c o ll e g e s i n the We st D r D J M c M il l e n i s the D e a n
. . . . .

K ansa s Ci ty is vici ng wi th Chic ag o S t L oui s ha s b ut o ne col . .

l e g e b ut it i s a g oo d o ne a nd i ts g ra du a tes fu rni sh no t a f e w of
, ,

t he p ro f e sso rs i n the ne w e r c o ll e g e s .
 E rie f ( R a ri ti e s) .

D R J WAR R EN W I CK
. . ha s gone E a st , a nd w ill re tu rn wi th
hi s br id e .

D R . J B . . N E WB Y c
re e nt ly l o st hi s m oth er . H e i s now on a

t r ip W e st .

The I nter nati ona l D enta l Jou rna l will be e dit e d by D r .

J a m e s Tr um an f or the p r e se nt .

D W N MO R R I S O N and H J M cK e l l ops a re
R S . . . . . in Eu p ro e,

a nd will a tt e nd t he I nt er na t i ona l C o ng r e ss i n B er li n ,
i n A gu t u s .

PROFE S S O R H S L O WR Y K ansa s Ci ty did hi s du ty in incre as

. .
, ,

i ng the c e nsu s of hi s ci ty . I t i s a b oy the fi rst child a f te r six ,

y e ars of w a i ti ng H e migh t h av e d one b e tter in t h at t i me . .

H Y M ENEAL J o se ph Willi a m W assal l G ra c e R u nni on

.
—
D r .
, ,

m a r ri e d M o nday the 1 3th of Ju ne 1 890 C hi c a go I l l

'

, , , ,
.

D R J H K ENNE R LY L e b a no n I ll s
. .
. Mi ss A li c e V S tark e , ,
.
, .
,

D o v e r M O m arr i e d July 23 1 890

,
.
, ,
.

D R J. . H ARD MA
’
N S pict u re a pp e ar s i n t hi s i ssu e t h ro ugh the
c o u r te sy o f R I
P e a r so n Co publi sh ers of the l Vester n
. . .
,

D enta l J ou r na l a nd p ro p r i e tors of K a nsa s Ci ty D e nta l a nd S ur

g i ca l D e p o t A sk e tch of t he lif e o f the l a t e d o ct o r a pp e are d i n
.

o u r Ju ne i ssu e p a g e 286 ,
.

D R C W S PAL D ING the fi r st e di tor of the A R C HIVE S will

. . .
, ,

soo n re m o v e t o R h o d e I sl a nd t o p e r m a ne ntly r e sid e H is ,

.

m any f r i e nd s i n the W e st will mi ss hi m v e r y much so ci a lly and ,

p r o f e ssi ona lly T he A R C HIVE S hop es to h e ar f ro m him f r e

.

qu e ntly a nd p ro fi t by his r ich e xp e r i e nc e T he We st r e lu e

,
.

t a ntl y a dd s o ne m ore t o the Wi se M e n o f the E ast ”

O ur “
.

ch o ice st bl e ssi ng s go wi th him and hi s w if e to th e ir new h o m e .

( 384 )
 S UC C E S S O R TO

”I S S O UN
' '

D e nta l Journa l , a l so Cons ol i da te d wi th N ew E ng l a nd J ourna l of D e ntistry .

VOL . V II .
,
N O . S E PT E M B ER ,
1 890 . N
[ E W SERIE S .

e e ie tie s .

BA NQUET
G I V EN A T T HE ANN UAL M EE T ING OF T HE M I S S OU R I S T A T E D EN T A L

A S S O C IA T ION J ULY I OT H 1 890 A T P ERT LE S P RING S M O

, , , , .

P RE S I D EN T D R HENRY FI S HE R T OA S TM A S T ER
.
, .

D R HE R
.
F T lI e m e m b e i s o f t h i s A sso c i a t i o n m e so bu st
IS —

wi th t he re a di ng o f p a p e i s di scu ssi o ns a nd the cli ni c th a t th e y

, s
,

h a v e no tim e f o r mu tu a l a cqu a i nt a nc e a nd so ci a l re c re a t i o n I
thi nk t he E x e cu t iv e C o mmi t te e sh o uld b e c o mm e nd e d f o i
.

pro
v id in t hi s b a nqu e t w hom w e m e e t t o e the i
g g f l e e f I O I I I A s s o ci ,

mu tu a l pl e a suI e a nd so ci a l e nj o ym e nt A s I .

l o o k i n the fa ce s o f t h o se b e f o r e m e I will say I ne v e r fe l t so

.

p roud O f t he m e mb e rs o f the Mi sso u ri S ta te D e nta l A so ci a ti o n s

a s I do t o nigh t I wil l m e nti o n to t he l a di e s p re se nt th a t o ne

.

o f t he m a ny I e a so ns f o r such e i s t he f a c t th a t i n m a ki ng
w i d
the a I ra nge m e nts f o r t hi s b a nqu e t th e y v o te d o ut n i ne s I o te d ,

a nd I t hi nk
.

o ut cig a rs a nd v o te d I I I the l a di e no b a nqu e t I s

,
.
, ,

( 385 )
 3 86 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN T I S TR Y .

p e rf e ct i n e v e ry d e ta il wi th o u t the p re se nc e o f the l a di e s We .

a l l of t he g o o d t hi ng s p ro vid e d f o r o u r r e f re shm e nt
a re
f b u t ,

the b e st o f t he f e a st i s y e t t o b e e nj oy e d
“

T he fi r st t oa st i s ,

T H E MI S S O U R I S T A T E DEN T AL A S S O C IA T ION ,

which wil l b e r e sp o nd e d t o by D r A C G riggs of “ a rre ns ’

. . .
,

bur g .

D R G R I G G s z L a di es a nd G entl eme n A s m e m or y t ra v e l s
.
— —

b a ck so m e t w e nty fi v e y e a r s I se e thi s A sso ci a ti o n t h e n i n i ts

-

i nf ancy T he f a th e rs w e re suc h m e n a s D rs Pe e bl e s Judd

. .
, ,

F or b e s a nd M cC oy m e n wh o m w e r e m e m b e r wi th r e sp e c t a nd
,

a ff e c t i o n a nd ot h e r s wh o se f r i e nd ship a nd a dvic e w e v a lu e a s
,

l j ghl y t o day
z T he b oy s w e r e Sw a p Tuck er S te v e ns a nd m e n
-

.
, ,

l ik e age F r o m t h a t t im e t o t hi s a s o u r f a mily a nd u se ful

.
,

r S lga v e i nc r ea se d wi t h wh at a p atro nizi ng a nd I t o ld y o u so - - -

Go od rich a nd the o t h e r se ni ors w a tch e d

h
J“
re D rs P r ic e
'
e .
, , ,

t he child r e n C o nra d M e ng M cM il l e n M cW i l l ia m s N ich

, , , , ,

l S O D F i sh e r a nd t he y o u ng e r l a d s
i
,
N o w I k no w i t i s t he e a r ,

I e st d e si r e o f e v e r y l a dy a nd m e mb er p r e se nt t ha t t he Mi sso u ri
.

S t a te D e nta l A sso ci a ti o n sh a ll go o n b ro a de ni ng its fi e ld of a c

t i o n i nc r ea si ng i ts u se ful ne ss m a ki ng b e t te r d e nt i st s m o re
, ,

nu me ro u s a nd b a ch e l o r d e nt i sts f e w e r
,
.

D R F I S HER . T he se c o nd t oa st i s —
,

T H E F A T HER S OF T HE MI S S OUR I S T A T E DEN T AL A S S O C IA T ION ,

Th e y m er i t o ur l o v e a nd h onor I will c a ll up on D r J C . . .

G o o d rich O f W e ntzvill e ,
.

D R G OO D R I C H z M nP r esident l a dies a nd G entl em en T he

.
—
,
—

Fath e rs of the Mi ssou ri S tate D e nta l A sso ci a ti on a re p ro ud to

h e a r t he se nt im e nt a s e xp re sse d in t he w o r d s o f o ur w o rthy
Pre sid e nt Th a t fi rst m e e ti ng O f t hi s A sso ci ati o n ( O c to b e r 3 1
.
,

d o e s no t se e m so l o ng ago ; b ut wh e n w e l oo k a t t he
f a c e s o f tho se w ho h a v e c o m e i nto thi s o r ga niz a ti o n si nc e th a t
t im e i t m ay b e a f a c t th a t w e h a v e p ra c t i ce d a b o u t l o ng e no ugh
,
.

W e will r e m e mb e r th a t fi rst m e e t i ng it w a s o f g re a t b e ne fi t —

t o u s al l W e e sp e ci a lly re m e m b e r the wif e O f o u r o l d f ri e nd

.
,

D r F o rb e s wh o se m any a c t s o f ki nd ne ss to u s c o u ntry m e mbe r s

.
,
 SO C IE T IE S . 3 87

m ade f e e l a s if w e ha d c a st o ur l o t a m o ng f ri e nd s a l th o ugh
us ,

t he S t L o u i s d e nt i sts did giv e a l l the cli nic s a nd t a k e a l l o f the

.

imp o rta nt o fli c e s W e w e re th e re to l e arn a nd the w o r k d o ne

.
,

by o ur A sso ci a t i o n f ro m th a t t im e t o the p re se nt sh o w s f o r
i tse lf I a m p ro ud to h a v e liv e d to se e th e se m e e ti ng s S O l ar g e ly
.

a tt e nd e d a nd t he c o nsta nt i nc r e a se i n t he m e mb e rship w ill ne v e r

,

a ll o w i t to f a ll b e hi nd the o th e r g re a t S ta te asso ci a t i o ns thi s

w e ste r n c o u ntry i s buildi ng up Th e re se e m s to h a v e b ee n no .

li st of us f e l l o w s a nd t h o se c o mi ng i nto the A sso ci a ti on no w

,

will ne v er k no w w ho w e a re b ut t h a t m a k e s no diffe re nc e o u r ,

w o rk liv e s i n y o u a nd w e e xp e c t y o u t o do y o u r p a rt wh e n w e
,

f ro m t im e to t im e f a il to b e wi th yo u a t y o u r annu a l m e e t i ng
,

I II t h o se g oo d o l d d a y s w e did no t tr u st a d e nt i st as y o u ,

no w . W e ha d to ge t a n o u tsid e r to ta k e c a re o f o ur f un i i r

A M Le sli e w a s ou r fi rst tre a su re r and the a nnu a l du e s

. .
,

d o ll a r H o pi ng t o m e e t wi th yo u a l l m any succ e e di ng y
.
r

t h a nk yo u f o r y o u r a tte nti o n .

D R F I S HE R
. T he t hi r d toa st i s
—
,

MI S S OU R I I G R A N D O L D M I S S O U R I ,
.

I will call up on D r J a m e s A P ri c e O f W e ston . .

, .

D R PRI C E . G ra nd ol d M i sso u ri I N ot my na tiv e b ut f ro m

—
, ,

ch o ic e my a d o p te d h o m e G r a nd o l d Mi sso u r i to day l e a d s the

, .
,
-

e nt i re c o u ntry i n m a ny b ra nch e s O f m a nuf a c t u re S he sta nd s .

fi rst i n the m a nufa c tu ri ng of the fil thy w eed ch e wi ng to b a cc o ,

.

I s se c o nd to Mi nne so ta i n fl o w i ng a nd g r i st m ill p ro duc ts -

a nd t hi r d i n p o i nt o f i ro n m a chi ne ry thi rd i n the W e st i n t he

m anufa c tu re of c a r s c a rri a g e s w a go ns a nd p a cki ng h o u se
, , ,

p ro duc ts .

H e r mi ne ra l re so u rc e s he r so il a nd timb e r a re se c o nd to , ,

no ne .

H clim a t e w e ll it is to o ho t j u st no w to sp e a k o f th a t
er —
, .

I n t he d e nt a l p ro f e ssi o n she c a n b oa st o f so m e O f the b r igh t

e st m o st t h o ro ughly c o mp e te nt m e n w ho a re the p r i d e a nd
, ,

h ono r of the p ro fe ssi o n a nd se c o nd to no ne O I I t he f ac e o f the

,

gl o b e .

La st th o ugh not l e a st she l oad s a l l f o r he r b right b e a u tiful

, , , ,

swe e t o e w om e n G o d bl e ss he r f o r th a t —
l v ly ,
‘
.
3 88 TH E A
R CH I VE S or DE N T T
I S R Y .

G r a nd , ol d Jl l i ssou r i .
’ Ta k e
.
her as a wh o l e ,
she is o ne o f

t he g rand est and gre ate st i n the c o mp a ct ,

a nd t he l ove a nd p r id e
o f he r ci tiz e ns .

D R F I S HER z O ur f o u rt h to a st i s
.
—
,

WE S T ERN DEN T I S T
TH E ,

H e k e e p s st e p to the mu sic o f t he t im e s a nd m a r ch e s i n t he f ro nt
r a nk o f t he p r o f e ssi o n Re sp o nd e d to by D r G e o L Sh e pard
. . . .
,

S e d a li a .

D R SHE P A R D
. L a di es a nd G e ntl em en I c o nfe ss t o qui t e a
— —

f e eli ng o f ne r vo u s a pp re he nsi o n i n ant icip a t i o n o f my r e sp onse

t o t he se ntim e nt j u st p ro p o se d t hi nki ng th a t if I c o uld o nly a d
,

d re ss my r e m a rk s to a g ath e r i ng o f E aste rn de nt i sts I c o uld , ,

t h e n e ul o giz e t he W e st much m o re h e a r tily

,
b ut whil e si tti ng
he r e t hi s e v e ni ng a nd gl a nci ng a r o u nd t h e se ta bl e s no t i ng the
‘

p ro g re ss t h a t y o u w e re m a ki ng vi e wi ng the unbr ok e n rank s , ,

a nd wi tne ssi ng ho w w e ll y o u w e r e k e e pi ng t i m e wi t h t he mu si c ,

I fe l t my se lf much r e li e ve d t ru sti ng a fte r such a m a r ke d de m

, ,

o nst ra ti o n o f y o u r abili t i e s f e w w o r d s f ro m m e will b e ne c os

,

sa r y ,
B ut t u rni ng se r i o u sly t o my subj e ct I a m p r o ud a nd
, ,

h a ppy i n t he b e li e f t h at t he d e nti sts of the W e st a re no t a w hi t

b e hi nd t h e i r b re th r e n of o u r p ro f essi o n in the E aste rn S tate s in
cul t u r e a nd p ro f e ssi o na l a bili ti e s a nd thi s O f c o u rse i s e qui v a
, , ,

l ent to sayi ng t ha t t h e y are a m o ng the l e a d e rs o f t he p ro fe ssi on

i n the wh o l e w o r ld I can ca ll a tte nt i on thi s e v e ni ng to but a
.

v e ry f e w of the e vid e nc e s o f p rogre ss .

F i rst l e t us no te the d e nta l c o ll e ge s b e gi nni ng wi th Ohi o

, , ,

o ne ; I ndi a na o ne ; Michig a n o ne ; I lli no i s

, wi th so m any i n
, ,

Chic a go th at w e c a nnot e num era te the m ; Mi nne sota o ne ; ,

I o w a o ne ; a nd our o w n Mi ssou r i thre e Wh at o th e r p o rt i on

, ,
.

o f t he w o r ld c a n m a k e such a S h o wi ng ? L o o k a t o ur S t a t e S o
c i e t ie s T he A sso ci a t i o ns o f I lli no i s Mi sso u r i a nd I o w a a re
.
,

st a t e d by th ose w ho k no w wh e re o f t h e y sp e a k to b e the
,
”

b e st S ta t e A sso ci a t i o ns i n o u r l a nd M r P re sid e nt e v e n o ur . .
,

c o u ntry d e nt i sts are p ro ud O f the r e c or d o f S t L o ui s in giv .

i ng to the w o r ld m a ny o f t he g re a t imp ro v e m e nt s i n a pp a r at u s ,

a nd m e t h o d s pe r ta i ni ng t o o u r p ro f e ssi o n A m ong m any I .

,

will o nly m e nt i o n root fi l l ing t he d e nta l e ngi ne t he Morri so n

-

, , ,
 SO C IE T IE S . 3 89

ch a i r c o nto u r fil l ing g o ld c ro w ns a nd p e rh a p s b ridg e w o rk

.
-

, , ,
.

I did no t i nte nd to m e nti o n i ndiv idu a l s b ut c a nno t re f ra i n f ro m ,

the sta te m e nt th a t t h ro ugh o u t t he l e ng th a nd b r e a d t h o f o ur

,

l a nd yo u will f a il to fi nd p ra c tic a l id e a s m o re cl e arly a nd b e a n

.

t if ul l y e xp re sse d t h a n th o se wh ich f a ll f ro m the lip s o f o u r v e n

c ra bl e f ri e nd ,
P ro f C W Sp a ldi ng w ho sta te s th a t he i s
. . .
,

m e e ti ng wi th u s f or the l a st t im e A nd wh e re M r P re sid e nt .
,
.
,

S h a ll y o u fi nd a m o re a gg re ssiv e ly p ro g re ssiv e y o u ng m a n th an

my f ri e nd a c ro ss the ta bl e 2 ( D r C o nra d) . .

S o m e t h i r ty y e ars a go I w a s a st ud e nt i n a n E a st e rn d e nt a l
,

o ffic e no t m a ny mil e s f ro m B o sto n t h a t g re a t c e nt ra l p o i nt o f

, ,

a l l t h a t i s g re a t a nd wi se O f c o u rse I considere d my pre cepi

.
,

to r o ne o f t he g re a te st d e nti sts i n the l a nd a nd I t hi nk no w th a t ,

he w a s o ne o f the b e st o f m e n I fi ni sh e d my p upil a ge wi th .

him a nd c a m e We st t o Michig an H e S O O I I f o ll o w e d a nd p asse d

, .
,

O I I st ill f a r t h e r W e st F iv e y e ars l a te r whil e vi si ti ng him i n

.
,

his w est e rn h o m e he b e ck o ne d m e a sid e a nd e mph a sizi ng

,
—

e v e ry w or d wi th a m o t i o n of hi s f ore fi n e r
g sa id When you —

’
stu d i e d de nti stry w i th m e I d i dn t k now the fi rst p r i nc ip l es of
,

op era t i ve d e nti str

y I,
did
”
n o t di spu te hi s st a t e m e nt I c o uld ,

no t c o nsci e nt i o u sly
, We ha d b o t h of us b e c o m e e nligh te ne d
.

o n t h a t p o i nt by c o mi ng W e st A t the cl o se o f o u r l a te nu
“
.

pl e a sa nt ne ss du ri ng which I had l a id a sid e the p ra c tic e of de n

,
”

ti stry f o r t he se r vic e o f U ncl e S a m whil e l oo ki ng aro u nd

” “
,

f or a l o c a ti o n I w a s stro ngly a dvi se d by se v e ra l d e nti st s a m o ng

, ,

t h e mt he v e ne ra bl e D r M o rg a n o f N a shvill e a nd the l a te D r
.
, ,
.

D e a n o f Chic a go to ta k e a c o u rse a t a d enta l co ll e g e Thi s w a s

, , .

my fi r st seri ou s th ought i n th a t di re c ti o n T he i nte r vi e w wi th .

my p re c e p to r j u st re fe rre d to d e cid e d the m a tte r a nd I w e nt to

, , ,

t he O hi o sch o o l a t Ci nci nna ti t h e n t he o nly o ne i n t he W e st , .

I fo u nd th a t t hey had se nt to S t L o ui s f o r o ne of the Fa cul ty .

,

o u r b e l o v e d b r o th e r P r o f Sp a ldi ng wh o se te a chi ng s will a l

,
.
,

w ay s b c h e ld i n the high e st e ste e m a nd m o st g ra te ful re m e m

b ranc e N o w M r P re sid e nt a nd b re th re n o f thi s A sso ci a ti o n
.
,
.
,

yo u will p a rd o n m e f o r i ntro duci ng m a tte rs o f a p e rso na l na tu re

i n a t a lk lik e thi s f o r it ha s b e e n S imply to S h o w y o u ho w g re a t
,

p e rso na l r e a so ns I h a v e to i nd o rse the se ntim e nt to which I h a v e

b e e n c a ll e d to re sp o nd .
 3 90 TH E A R CH I VE S OF DE N T I S TR Y .

I n c onclu si on, l e t v er striv e to l ift high o ur sta nd ard

IIS al l e
,

a nd to d o t hi s w e mu st k e e p i n m i nd th a t sub l im e r ul e o f e thic s
,

t o which I h a v e b e fo r e a llud e d Th ere fore al l thi ng s wh a tso ,

e v er y e w o uld t h a t m e n sh o uld d o t o y o u do y e e v e n so to ,

th e m I n t hi s w ay a l o ne sh a ll w e m a k e t ru e p r o g re ss
”
,
. .

D R F I S HER
. T he fif t h to ast i s
—
,

DEN T AL L TE ATUI R R E .

R es p o nd e d to by D r C W Sp a ldi ng S t L o ui s . . .
, . .

DR S P AL D IN G
. L a di es a nd G entl emen T he standi ng of
— —
“

e v ery p r o f e ssi on b o t h a m ong o t h er p r o f e ssi o ns a nd i n the co m

,

mu ni ty i s l arge ly d e p e nd e nt up o n i ts li te rat u re I ts st and ar d

,
.

w o r k s a nd its p er i o dic a l i ssu e s aff ord the b e st me ans th at oth e rs

h a v e of e sti m at i ng or a sc e rta i ni ng i ts c o ndi t i on a s a p rofe ssi on,
a nd t hu s o f i t s cl a im to public c o nfid e nc e I t i s to the latte r .
,

i ts p e r i o dic a l i ssu es th a t e v e ry p r of e ssi o n o w e s a l ar g e sh a r e o f

”

G ath eri ng i n the r esul ts of e xp erim e nta l

'

i ts ge nui ne p ro gr e ss .

re se a r ch i ncludi ng a re c or d o f the b e st th ough ts of its m ost i n

,

t e l l ige nt m e m b e rs i t c o m e s t o u s a t sta t e d p e r i o d s f r e igh t e d

, ,

wi t h ch o ic e m atter c o nta i ni ng id e a s and p ra c t ic a l sugge sti ons

,

t h a t ca n b e imm e di ate l y i nc orp o ra t e d i nt o d a ily p ra ctic e Te xt .

b o o k s a re of the fi rst imp or tanc e t o t he st ud ent : th e y a re i n ,

f a c t i ndi sp e nsa bl e ; b ut the a v e ra ge p ra c ti t i o ner r are ly re fe rs t o

,

t h e m a nd if a full l i st o f t h e m a d o r ns hi s lib r ar y t h ey a re
, ,

o f t e ne r c o nsul t e d by o t h e r s t h a n by him se lf I t w o uld b e w e ll .

if th e se v o lum e s w er e r e vi e w e d f ro m tim e to t im e I n d o i ng so .
,

o ne w o uld b e su r p r i se d t o fi nd so much t h a t t h o ugh w e ll studi e d ,

du r i ng hi s t e r m of pupil a ge has b e en f orgo tte n and no w se e m s ,

t o b e ne w .

B ut the u se of t hi s
cl a ss o f b oo k s i s no w u su a lly limi te d t o
st ud e nt s t ea ch e rs a nd w r i te rs a nd th e y pl a y b u t a sm a ll p a r t i n
, ,

the c o nt i nu o u s e v e ry d ay p r o g r e ss o f p ro f e ssi o na l m e n
,
-
H e nc e .
,

i t i s t o o ur p e r i o di c a l li t e ra t u r e th a t w e mu st m a i nly l o o k f or the
e vid e nc e s o f r e a l p r og re ssi on Th e se i ssu e s c onta i n a r e c or d of
.

p ro f essi o n a l a dv a nc e m e nt a nd S h o w the succ e ssiv e st e p s by

which d e nti stry ha s gro w n f ro m a sm a ll b e gi nni ng to i ts p re se nt

p osi t i on .

T he p e ri o dic a l li te ra t u r e o f a ny giv e n p er i o d i n the hi sto ry o f

’
 SO C IE T IE S . 391

a p ro fe ss i o n mu st be c o nsul te d if w e wi sh to o b ta i n a c o rre c t
u nd e rsta ndi ng o f the sta te a nd co ndi ti o n o f t h at p ro f e ssi o n a t
th a t p a r t icul a r t im e f o r t he i ssu e s o f b oo k s p a mphl e ts m a g a
, , ,

zi ne s & c a lw ay s a b o u nd s in p ro p o rti o n t o the i nte ll e c tu a l a o

, .
,

ti v i ty o f t he t im e s .

Ce rta i n p ro fe ssi o ns a re m o re pu re ly i nte ll e c tu al sci e ntific o r ,

li te ra ry th a n is th a t o f d e nti stry a nd f o r th a t re a so n th e y a re
, ,

the m ore fully d e p e nd e nt up o n th e i r li te r a tu re O u rs is p artly .

sci e nt ific a nd p ar tly m e c h a nic a l still sci e ntific a tta i nm e nt i s of ,

such vi t a l imp o r ta nc e t h a t w e c a nno t f o r e g o a S i ngl e a dv a nta g e

t h a t c a n b e d e r iv e d f ro m o u r cu rr e nt li te ra t u re Su sta i n th e re .
,

f ore t he p e ri o dic a l li tera tu re o f y o ur p ro f e ssi on fi rst by su b

, , ,

sc r ibi ng f o r a s m a ny j o u rna l s a s o u ca n a ff o r d t o a f o r a nd
y p y , ,

se c o nd by c o ntr i bu t i ng t o t h e i r p a g e s
,
Th e r e are a t h o u sand .

li ttl e i ncid e nts of p ra c t ic e which if publi sh e d w o uld h e lp m any , ,

a o ne i n t he t re a tm e nt o f so m e di ff i cul t c a se a nd no o ne ne e d ,

e xcu se hi m se lf f ro m w r i t i ng t h e m o u t f o r public a t i o n 0 11 t he ,

pl e a o f no t b e i ng ac cu sto m e d to su ch w o rk L e t him m a k e the .

a t te mp t f o r if he ne v e r t r i e s he wil l c e rta i nly ne v e r succ e e d

, , ,
.

G ive the fa c ts i n a pl a i n stra igh tfor wa rd w ay a nd if the fa c ts

, , ,

a s st a te d ne e d a li tt l e t r immi ng o r g a r ni shi ng t he e di to r will

, ,

ch e e rfully do thi s a nd si nc e r e ly t h a nk yo u f o r y o u r c o ntr ibu ti on .

N o w a s the w e a th e r i s ho t t he h ou r l a te a nd y o u a re g e tti ng
, ,

w e a ry I a m su re yo u will e xcu se m e if I b r i ng th e se b ri e f re
,

m ark s t o a cl o se .

D R F I S HER
. T he six t h to a st is —
,

D EN T AL JOURNAL S ,

I n h e lpi ng th e m w e m o st h e lp o u rse lv e s Thi s will b e re sp o nd e d

.

to by o ur re d h e a d e (
-

f ri e nd f ro m S t L o ui s D r “ illi a m .
,
.
l

C o nr a d .

D R CON R A D
. L a d ies a nd G e ntl e me n I t i s wi t h pl e asu re
— —

th a t I a m h e re to re sp o nd t o T he D e nta l J o u rna l s a s M is
“ ”

so u r i ha s b e e n the h o m e o f the m o st succ e ssful j o u rna l e v e r pub

l ishe d .

T he imp o rta nc e o f t h e se m o nthly public a ti o ns v o u a l l no

k no wl e dg e a nd i t i s y o u r du ty to ta k e e ve ry o ne o f th e m in
,

o rd e r th a t
yo u m ay r e nd e r wh a t fi na nci a l a ssi sta nc e y o u c a n to
3 92 TH E A R C HIVE S OF DEN T I S TR Y .

th e i r upp ort as d e nta l j o u rna l s lik e a ny o th e r e nte rp ri se ca n

s , , ,

no t b e c o nduc te d wi tho u t m o ne y .

T he fi rst o ne e stabli sh e d w a s T e A m er i ca n J ou rna l of D en h

ta l S ci ence i n 1 84 3 publi sh e d i n N e w Y o r k Ci ty a nd e di te d by
, , ,

Ch a pi n A H a rr i s o f B a l tim ore T he p u blica ti o n o f thi s j ou r na l

.
,
.

ha s b e e n c o nt i nu e d f ro m t h at t im e ( 1 84 3) to t he p re se nt wi th ,

t he e xc e p t i o n o f a f e w y e a rs du r i ng t he e a r ly six t i e s Foll o w .

i ng t hi s one or igi na l w e h a v e The D enta l R egi ster ; The Z Vews

l ette r which i s The D enta l Cosm os; T he I l l i sso ur i D enta l
,

J o ur na l af te r w ard s T H E A R C H I VE S
. The O hi o D enta l Jou r na l ;
D e nta l R e v i e w; I tem s of I h terest wi t h the onl y Wel ch a nd hi s ,

; The I nter na ti ona l ; o ur o w nliv e l l ester n D e nta l Jou r

’
sc i ssors ~

na l a nd l a st b ut no t l e a st the b a by The D enta l M i r r or

, , , , .

I n l o o ki ng o v e r t hi s fi ne a rr ay o f f a c e s a nd w e l l sh a p e d h e a d s -

t h e r e c a n b e no e xcu se f o r d e nta l j o u r na l s i n o u r w e st e r n c o u n
t ry e v e r b e i ng sh o rt o f e di to r i a l t imb e r c o ntr ibu t o r s a nd I
migh t say sub scribe rs T he ch a ra cte r of our w or k as de nti sts is
, ,

s uch t h a t m a ny o f t he o u t sid e r s sa t h a t as a p r o f e ssi o n o f

, y ,

w ri te rs w e are l a zy b ut wh e n w e l o o k o v e r the v ast a m ou nt o f

,

m ate r i a l p ut f or th e v e ry m o nth by the d e nta l j o u rnal s thi s ,

ch arg e c a nnot b e m a i nta i ne d T he li te ra ry w o r k o f t h e se pub .

l i ca ti o ns will c o mp are m o r e t h a n f a v o r a bly wi t h l a w t h e o l o gi

, , ,

cal ,
m e dic a l a nd e v e n wi th t h o se g re a t j o u rna l s i ssu e d f or the
.

Thi s b e i ng the ca se I a m
'

e di fi ca t i o n o f t he g e ne ra l public .
,

p ro ud of t he w o r k d o ne by o ur p ro fe ssi on a nd o f the m e n w ho ,

h a v e give n t h e i r t im e a nd m o ne y wi th o ut a t h o ugh t of e v e r re
c e i v i ng a p e nny i n r e t u rn
.
I t i s a w o r k o f su ch m a g ni t ud e t h a t
.

no ne c a n h a v e a n id e a o f i ts p r e p o r t i o ns u ntil t h e y h a v e ha d a '
,

p ra c t ic al e xp e ri e nc e I t i s a cur i ou s f a c t th a t o nc e h a vi ng had
.
,

a t a st e o f the pl e asu r e s o f j o u r na li sm i t i s ne v e r e nt i re ly a b a n ,

d o ne d o nc e h a vi ng a pp e a r e d i n public 0 11 t he p a g e
”
— t he ol d ,

h abi t will a sse rt i tse lf wh e n l e a st e xp e c te d .

B e fore I forge t i t l e t m e giv e y o u a w o r d o f a dvic e which if

, ,

f oll o w e d will m a k e t he l a b ors o f m a nage r or e di tor much e asi er

,
.

A lway s b e willi ng to w r i te wh e n a sk e d a nd wh e n y ou do so , ,

w r i te and re w r i te i n o r d e r th at wh e n the a rt icl e i s se nt to the

-

e di tor t h e re will b e no nee d o f re vi si o n t h a t i t m a y a pp e a r j u st

, ,

a s i t l e f t y o u r h a nd s t h a t i t m ay b e a c r e di t t o y o ur se lf a nd to
—
 SO C I E T IE S . 3 93

t he j o u rna l th a t publi she s it A no th e r p ra c tic a l sugg e sti o n m ay .

no t b e o u t o f o rd e r a t thi s t im e
.
I t i s t hi s ne v e r d e stro y a d e n .
,

t a l j o u rna l no m a tte r ho w i nsig nific a nt i t m a y a pp e a r t o y o u

, ,

s a v e th e m w ra p t h e m up c a re fully pl a ce th e m i n so m e dry a nd
.
,

c le a n r o o m Si nc e t he e st a bli shm e nt o f so m a ny de nta l lib rar i e s

.

by o u r m e mb e rs o l d j o u rna l s h a v e b ee n i n d e m a nd so m e o f
, ,

t h e m c a nno t b e Ob ta i ne d f o r m o ne y T e n y e a r s f r o m no w these .

o f t he p re se nt t im e m a h e w a nt e d a s b a dly F o r e x a mpl e I
y .
,

h a v e b e e n sh o r t t he A p r il 1 881 A R C HIVE S OF DEN T I S T RY a nd it

, ,

ha s t a k e n m e se v e ra l y e a rs to se cu r e tlI e C O py a nd thi s j o u rna l

'

w a s i ssu e d l e ss t h a n six y e a r s a go I f you thi nk yo u can ge t .

thi s j o u rna l f ro m m e try i t ,

.

S o m e o f th e se p re ci o u s bi ts of p a p e r I a m sor ry to say will , ,

ne v e r b e f o u nd .

I nd e p e nd e nt d e nta l j o u r na l s o r th o se publi sh e d by d e nta l ,

d e al e rs c a n ne v e r b e a qu e sti o n f o r di scu ssi o n as a n i nde pe nd

, ,

e nt d e nt a l j o u r na l ne v e r e xi ste d a nd ne v er will e xi st o wi ng t o , ,

the c o ndi t i o n of the m o ne y m a r k e t A n e nd o wm e nt o f .

will no t i ssu e p e r m a ne ntly ,

c opi e s O f a 4 8 p a g e m o nthly
,
-

wi th o u t t he supp o rt a nd a ssi sta nc e o f a dv er ti ser su bscr i ber dea d , ,

hea d l i st a nd the p ro f e ssi o n g e ne ra lly

,
A s w e d e p e nd o n t h e se .
,

w e c a nno t say a ny t hi ng a b o u t a n a dv e rt i se r f o r f e a r the a dv e r

t ise m e nt W i ll b e wi thd ra w n I f w e o fi e nd a subscrib e r he m ay ’

,
.

di sc o nti nu e I f W e do no t se nd f re e c o pi e s w e m ay l o se a co n
.
,

t r ibu t o r a nd if w e say a ny th i ng a b o u t a dv e r ti se r sub sc r ib e r

, , ,

f re e li st o r o ut side r w e m ay b e h a rrasse d w i th a t h re a te ne d lib e l

.
,

sui t .S o y o u see my f r i e nd s th a t t he so c a ll e d i nd e p e nd e nc e in
, ,
-

j ou rna l w o rk i s o nl y a n a tt e mp t tO de ce iv e o u rse lv e s '

T he Mi sso u r i St a t e D e nt a l A sso ci a ti on ha s fu rni sh e d m e n ,

k no w n the w o rld o v e r a s the tip to p blu e bl o sso m s o f e d i ” “ -

t oria l w o rk e rs D r Sp a ldi ng i s wi t h u s f or the l a st t i m e his

. .
.

se r vic e ha s b e e n l o ng a nd the re c o r d he ha s l e f t will liv e so l o ng

a s d e nti stry i s a n e xi st i ng f a c t .

T he h o no re d Judd i s no m o re but he ha s ha d no sup e ri o r ,

a nd hi s w or k i s the m o st e ndu r i ng m o num e nt e v e r r a i se d by

ma n T he l a m e nte d P a r k i s a liv e b ut o v e r w o rk l e f t i ts
.
,

m ar k too e a rly w e a l l re g re t his l oss —

M o rri so n is ov e r .

re a dy t o do his p a r t H e r e sp o nd e d to St Lo ui s a t ( hr l s
.
“
.
”
394 TH E A R C H I V E S OF DE N T T IS R Y .

ba d onJuly 4 th E a m e s i s st ill i n the h a rne ss ; you see him

.

e v e ry m o nth H a rp e r ca n fil l any pl a ce f ro m e ditor to m anage r

.
,

o f t he a dv e r t i si ng d e p a rtm e nt ; a nd t he nu mb er o f p a g e s se cu re d

by him i ndic a te t h at he offe nd s no ne o f the d e a l e r s f ro m S S , . .

White to t he se wi ng m a chi ne m an Pa tterso n of T he l l é stern .

,
'

i s no t wi t h u s thi s y e a r he i s i n Swi tz e r l a nd ,y ou al l re c e i v e d
hi s l e tt e r tO d ay a nd I t will a pp e a r i n due f o r m T he wi tty
'

—
.

H u ngerfo rd i s e v e r re a dy a nd lik e goo d ch a mp a gne the no i se , ,

he m a k e s gi ve s w a r ni ng o f so m e t hi ng g o o d to f o ll o w .

I n c onclu si o n l e t m e say t a k e t h e m r e a d t h e m w r i te f or
, , ,

th e m I f y o u wi sh no nig ht s no Su nd ay s no t im e no h o m e
.
, , , ,

a l l w o r k a nd no pl a y
go i nt o the d e nt a l j o u r na l bu si ne ss f or
,

p ro fi t a nd I p ro mi se you will ge t t h e m al l
, .

D R F I S HE R
. O ur se v e nt h toa st i s
—
,

T H E L A D IE S .

Thi s t oast will b e re sp ond e d to by o u r h a nd so m e b a ch e l or f ri e nd :

f rom K a nsas Ci ty D r Ch ar l e s L H unge rf o rd

,
. . .

D R H UNGE R FOR D
. M r T oa st m a ter I re g re t t h a t I l a ck
—
.
-
s —

t h o se a cu t e p o w e r s o f di sc e rnm e nt a nd t he a naly tic a l mi nd t h a t

e na bl e s the s ci e nt i st a nd phil o so ph er t o pick t o pi e c e s the c o m

pl e x o rga niz at i ons o f nat u re f o r did I p o sse ss th e m b e i ng a s I , , ,

a m ne i th e r a cy nic a mi sa nt h ro p e nor a l o v e r no thi ng w o uld

, , ,

giv e m e g re ater pl e a su r e th an to ho ld up to y o u r e xp e ct ant ga z e

’
th a t bu ndl e o f c o ntr a dic t i ons na t u r e s sw e e t p a ra d o x a w o m a n , ,
.

From tim e imm e m ori a l w o m an has b ee n to us a Chi ne se puzzl e .

the so u r c e o f o ur u nre st .

“
Wh i l e A d am sl e p t , f ro m hi m hi s E v e ar ose

S tra ng e , t h a t hi s fi
ve b e e n h i s l st re p ose
rst sl e e p sh ou l d ha a .
”

E ve n to the sa i nts w o m an ha s b e en a n allur e m e nt and a snare

the d a i nt i e st m o r se l e v e r u se d by t he se duc e r o f so ul s t o tra p
u nw a ry m an .

Wh t b i t do yo u u se sai d a sa i nt t o t h e d e vi l
a a , ,

W h e n y o u fi sh wh e e th e soul s o f m n b ou nd ? r e a

W el l f sp c i l t ste s s i d th e K i ng of E vi l
,
or e a a ,
a ,

G ol d a nd f a m e a re th e b e st I ’
v e f o u nd .

B ut f or g e ner a l u se ? p ersu e d t h e sa i nt .

A h ! t he n I fi sh f or m a n, no t m e n;
A nd a t hi ng I h a t e , i s t o ch a ng e my b ait,
S o I fi sh w i th a w o m a n t h e w l
ho e e ar
’
ro und
”
y .
 SO C I E T IE S . 3 95

So .
‘
To a st m a ste r si nc e I c a nno t so lv e di sso lv e no r
Mr .
-

, ,

m ash he r i t o nly re m a i ns f o r m e to pl e dge he r w ho w a s

, ,

fi rst a t the t ri a l of t he M a ste r a s she i s a l so fi rst in o ur l o v e , ,

fi r st in e ste e m a nd fi r st in o ur d re a m s of h e a v e n I w o uld lik e .

t o r e s p o nd to t hi s t o ast i n w o r d s t h a t w o uld liv e wh e n I a m

g o ne b ut I c a nno t do so ; I ca n o nly say I w o uld pl e dg e a n
, ,

e ar ne st t r ibu te to he r g ra nd e u r o f ch ara c t e r he r l o vi ng g e n tl e ,

ne ss he r t e nd e r so lici t ud e a nd he r l oy a l a ff e c t i o n f or t oo o f te n
, , , ,

u nw o r thy m a n I w o uld pl e dg e to her in liqu id a s cl e ar a s he r

.
,

i ntui ti o ns as b r igh t a nd sp a rkli ng a s he r e y e s a s c h e e r i ng a s he r

, ,

c o nso l a t i o n a s stro ng a s he r su sta i ni ng c o mf o rt in a dVersi tv a nd

,

sorr o w I w o uld pl e dge to her tha t she might e v e r re m a i n a

.

qu e e n i n the e mpi re she ha s so ro y a lly w on g ro u nd e d d e e p as ,

the u niv e r se O I I l o v e buil t up and e x e rci se d in the h o m e s of the

e nt i re w o rld I w o uld pl e dge to he r the full bl o w n fl o w er of
.
-

’
c re a t i o n s m o rni ng of whi ch m a nw a s bu t the bud a nd bl o sso m ;
,

to he r w ho i n childh oo d cl a sp s o u r h a nd s a nd t e a ch e s u s o u r
,

fir st sw e e t p r a y e r w ho c o m e s to u s i n y o u t h wi th l o vi ng c o u n
se l a nd a dvic e w ho in m a nh o o d m e e ts o ur h e a r t l o ngi ng s ( wi t h
t he t ru e st l o v e ) a nd w h ose h a nd wh e n o ur f e e t go d o w n i nto
, ,

t he v a l e o f sh a d o w sm oo th e s t he ro ugh pill o w o f d e a t h as no ne
,

o th e r ca n ; t o he r w ho i s the fl o w e r o f fl o w e r s the p e a r l o f
, ,

p e arl s G o d s l a st b e st a nd b right e st gif t to m a n w o m a n pu re

,
’
, , ,

p e e rl e ss r oy a l w o m an
,

D R F I S HE R
. O ur e igh t h t oast i s —
,

DEN TAL COLLEG E S .

I will c ll up n D a o r ui s
. J o h n G H a rp e r o f S t
.
,
. L o .

D RH A ER. R P L a di es a nd G e ntl m e n D e nt a l co l l e g e s t he
—
e — —

m ore the m e rr i e r l e t the go o d w o rk go O I I u nt il th e re i s a col

l e g e O I I e v e ry hill a nd a g o o d d e nti st in e v e ry v a ll e y T he sta te .

m e nt ha s b e e n m a de th a t th e re a re no t e no ugh d e nti sts i n the

w o r ld to k e e p the te e th o f the p e o pl e cl e a n a nd f re e f ro m t a r ta r .

T he p e o pl e ne e d e duc a ti ng r e g ardi ng the ne c e ss i ty o f e mpl o yi ng

a g o o d d e nt i st ; wh e n t h i s i s d o ne t he re qui r e m e nt s o f t he
pe o ,

pl e will d e m a nd a g re a te r numb e r o f d e nt i sts a nd thi s will no ,

c e ssita te m o re c o ll e g e s A d e ntal c o ll e ge h e lp s to m a k e b e tte r

.

d e nt i sts o f the m e n w ho a re i nst ruc to rs in th e m ; th e y a t te nd

3 96 TH E AR C HI VE S or DE N T T IS R Y .

d e nta l m e e ti ngs a nd o f c o u rse mu st m a k e a go o d sh o wi ng o n

, ,

t he fl o o r i n o rd e r to g a i n st ud e nt s by t h e i r sup e r i o r wi sd o m no —

o t he r m e a ns are u se d T he cry i s ra i se d t h a t t h e re a r e t o o m a ny
.

c o ll e g e s ; t he cl asse s g ro w l a r ge r sh o wi ng t h at th e re i s a de ,

m a nd whic h mu st b e suppli e d T he c o ll e g e s a re r a i si ng the .

s ta nd ar d ; a f t er t hi s y e ar no r e pu t a bl e c o ll e g e will re qui re l e ss

t h a n t hr e e y e a r s M any c o ll e ge s a r e d e m a ndi ng th a t th e i r
.

f a cul ti es b e re li e v e d of the re spo nsi bil ity of p a ssi ng upo n the ‘

qu alific a t i o ns o f t h e i r a pplic a nt s f o r the d eg re e of D D S I s . . .

no t t hi s a g oo d i ndic at i o n ? Wh ere w a s d e nti stry b e fore the

d ay s o f Col l e g e s ? I will l e t o ld e r p e r so ns a nsw e r a s I a m ,

t h a nkful t h a t t h a t t im e e xi ste d p r e vi o u s t o my a d v e nt o n t hi s
sph ere T he c oll e g e i s the f o u nd a t i o n a nd d e nta l a sso ci a t i o ns
.
,

t he k e y st o ne o f p r o f e ssi o na l e xc e ll e nc e
-
.

D R F I S HER . O ur ni nt h t oa st i s
—
,

DEN T AL A S S O C IA T ION S L O C AL S T A T E AN D N A T IONAL

—
, ,

Th e y sh o uld r e c e iv e o ur h e arty supp ort I will c a ll up on D r . .

B Q S te v e ns of H annib a l
. . . .

D R S T EVEN S. L a d i es a nd G entl em en I t a ff or d s m e pl e as
— —

u re t hi s e v e ni ng t o b e p e r mi tt e d t o re sp o nd t o the t o ast o f o u r
, ,

L o c a l S ta te and Na ti onal A sso ci ati o ns I a wa i t th e se O ppor

,
.

t uni ti e s wi t h d e ligh t wh e n I ca n m e e t my O l d f r i e nd s a nd f e l
,

l o w l a b o r e rs a nd ne w o ne s t h a t a r e c o nsta ntly c o mi ng i n e a ch
-

’
y ear a t t h e se annu a l ga th er i ng s Th o se t h at sta y a w a y d o n t .

k no w wh at th e y l ose W e h a v e i n t hi s Sta te f ro m fi v e to si x
.

hu ndI e d d e nt i sts whil e thi s so ci e ty o nly I e pre se nts a b o u t o ne

,

hu nch e d a nd fift y I a m su 1 e if t h e y h a v e the a dv anc e m e nt o f

.
,

t he n pi o f e ssi o n a t h e a r t a nd t he ne e d s o f the np a t i e nt s t he y
, ,

w o uld not mi ss o ne m e e t i ng I h a v e tI i e d to ge t a l ong wi th o u t

.

t h e m f or I ha d b ee n p r a c t ici ng fi v e y e ars b e f o r e t h e r e w a s o ne
,

wi thi n my re a ch I t w a s the A m e r ic a n which m e t i n Chic a go

.
,

i n 1 865 I t w a s t h e re I sa w the fi rst c o h e s iv e g o ld filli ng a nd

.

fi I st m a ll e ti ng o u r v e ne i a b l e D I W H A tki nso n the o p e r a . . .

,

t oi . A nd a l l a l ong my p r o f e ssi o na l lif e the fi rst a dv a nc e has ,

b ee n wi tne sse d a t o ur d e nta l so ci e ti e s .

I w e ll re m e mb e r i n the fa ll of 1 85 9 my fa th e r took m e to se e
,

o u r b e st d e nt i st w ho ha d fi rst m a d e my m o t h e r a full se t o f
, ,
 SO C IE T IE S . 3 97

te e t h f o r My f a th e r a sk e d the re qui re m e nts ne c e ssa ry to

$ 1 75 .

m a k e a go o d d e nt i st T he d o c to r sa id a go o d m o ra l b o y wi th
.
, ,

fa i r m e ch a nic a l g e niu s o ugh t to m a k e a g o o d d e nti st i n a y e a r o r

two .Fa th e r sa id I w a s a na tu ra l m e ch a nic a nd o nl v w a nte d to ,

s e e a m e c ha nic a l o b a nd I c o uld do i t h e t e r m s w e re $200

j T .

f o r o ne y e a r o r $ 1 50 f o r t w o y e ars P a t h o ugh t I ha d b e tt e r .

ta k e t he shor t t e rm so he p a id the d o c to r $ 200 a nd I c o m

,
’
m e nce d T he d o c tor f urni sh e d t he b o o k s I I ar r is P r i ncip l es
.
,
’ ’
a nd P ra ct i ce o
f D enti stry a l so I I ar r is D i cti onery a nd T aga t s ,

A na to m z which I r e a d o v e r a nd studi e d o u t to the b e st o f my

f
,

a bili ty My w o rk w as to swe e p the o ffic e g e tti ng the fu rna c e

.
,

re a dy t o b a k e c o nt i nu o u s gum te e th a nd h e lpi ng to fi ni sh up ,

go ld pl a te s I w a tch e d the d o c to r cl o se ly a nd so m e tim e s go t

.
,

t o fill a t o o t h o r pull o ne f or t he d a r ki e s A t t he e nd o f t he .

y e a r I re c e iv e d my dipl o m a wh ich I w ill r e a d i t i s sh o rt ,

,

To al l w h om soe v e r th i s m a y c o nc e r n

c
I h e re b y e r t i f y t h a t D r B Q S t e ve ns, h a i ngv st u d i e d m e ch a ni c a l a nd

ch e e f ul l y e co mm e nd h i m as b i ng q u al i fi e d
. . .

surg i c al d e nt i stry w i th m e , I r r e

t o p c t i ce th e s m e i n a su cc e ssf ul m nne
ra a A l so e c o m m e nd h i m s a a r. r a

g e nt l e m a n of g o o d m o a l c h a c t ,
nd w o th y o f t h e c o nfi d e nc
r ra nd os
er a r e a

t e e m o f a l l w i th w h o m h e m y b e sso c i a t d a a e .

AN D E R SO N CO L L EGE ,
H a nni b al ,
MO .
, S e p te m b e r , 1 860 .

Th e se c o ll e g e s h a v e a l l g o ne t o the l a rg e ci t i e s no w W e ll .
,

o f c o u r se I w a s a fi rst cl a ss d e nt i s t
,
I w e nt to S t Lo ui s a nd
-

. .

suppl i e d my se lf w i t h a g o o d o u tfi t o f i nst r um e nt s O n r e tu r n .

ing I o p e ne d a n o ffic e
,
.

T he gi rl s a l l w a nte d th e i r te e th fill e d wi t h g o ld t h o ugh I ,

w ante d to fill te e th f or the b oy s a nd pull te e th f o r t he d a rki e s ,

b e c a u se y o u k no w I w a s a li ttl e a f ra id o f my se lf B ut the
, , .

gi rl s w o uld c o m e a nd I so m e tim e s had to p ro p m y fi l l in a ga i nst o

~

a no th e r to o th t o m a k e i t stay I did n t lik e th a t v e ry we l l

’
.

a m o ng s t m y ne ighb o rs a nd s ch o o lm a te s so I t h o ugh t I w o uld

”

g o o u t i n t he c o u nt ry a nd t ry my luck I go t m e a h o rse a nd .

c a rt and sta rte d o ut T he gi rl s still w a nte d th e i r te e th fix e d

. .

I ha d fill e d so m e te e th f o r a h a nd so m e y o u ng l a dy a nd S he ha d
s o m e li ttl e stump s a nd a big a w to o th to pull
j I go t the stump s .

o ut a l l r ight b u t the big to o th w a s a stu nne r

,
I pull e d a nd she . .

’
s tuck t ig ht t o t he ch a i r a nd the to o th did n t bu dg e e i th e r . .
3 98 TH E AR C HI V E S OF DEN TI S TR Y .

W e ll I w e nt t o w o rk f o r o ne o f the o th e r gi rl s tha t I
,
’
did n t
t hi nk qui te so much o f b ut my gi r l c a m e aro u nd a f te r a whil e
,
.

T he gi rl I w a s w o r ki ng f O I said P e r m e l i a I b e li e v e I will
'

,
“
,

h a v e my t oo t h pull e d P e r m e l i a sa id
.
”
W e ll if i t i s l o o se I , , ,

t hi nk t he d o c to r c a n pull i t f or y o u 5 ” “ L
.

W e ll I b e li e v e thi s i s the fi rst t im e I w a s gl a d i t w a s w ar

,

t im e s a s y o u c o uld h a r dly e v e r go t wic e i n o ne ne ighb o r h o o d

,

if y o u did y o u r p a t i e nt s ha d a l l fle d
, .

T a hi ng I mp r essi on M y ne x t p a ti e nt w a nt ed so m e t e e t h
‘
—

m a d e My p re c e p to r sa id I c o uld ta k e the b e st impr e ssi o ns i n

.

pl a st e r p a ri s Thi s w a s a m ar ri e d l a dy she w a nte d f o u r f ro nt

.

te e t h h er na tu r a l t e e t h w e r e l Ong
,
I got r e ady a nd got my
1
'

l a st er i n a l l r igh t ; a nd a f ter a t im e t h o ugh t it w a s re a dy t o

p
t a k e i t o u t o f t he m o u th I pull e d a nd twi ste d b ut it did not
.
,

com e My p at i e nt tr i e d to t e ll m e t o hu rry b ut t h at w a s no
'

.
,

T he f a m i l y a l l c a m e a r o u nd w i t h a t umbl er o f w a te r e a ch
‘

u se .

an d a sk e d me a hu nd re d qu e st i o ns I w as w orki ng as h ard a s I .

c o uld a l l t he t im e P re se nt ly ou t S he c a m e ; b ut i t w a s o nly
.
,

t he i mp re ssi o n cup My p at i e nt m o ane d th e y al l fa nne d a nd

.
, ,

I t e ll y ou I got a g oo d b re ez e B ut I n the c o u rse of the fore

,
.

no o n I go t a l l t he pl a ste r o ut o f he r m o u th a nd by the t im e I ,

o t a r o u nd a g a i n wi t h w a x my p a t i e nt w a s g o ne
g ,
.

W e ll I supp o se y o u w o uld n t b e su rp r i se d a t m e w a nti ng t o

,
’
“

m e e t so m e Old e r p ra c t i ti o ners a b o u t thi s t im e ; a nd wi th g re at

d e ligh t I re c e iv e d i n t he f a ll o f 1 865 a n i nvi t a t i o n f ro m so m e
, ,

p ro mi ne nt d e nt i sts i n S t L o ui s a nd s urro u ndi ng ci t i e s t o m e e t

.

i n S t L o ui s the 31 st o f O c to b e r to o rg a niz e a d e nta l so ci e ty

.
,

M cK e l l o ps H Judd M c C oy of B o o n
.

s ig ne d by D rs P e e bl e s .
, . .
, ,

v ill e a nd oth e rs
,
.

I re sp o nd e d and th e re I m et w arm fri end s T he S tate Asso

0

.
,

c i a ti o n w a s t h e n o r g a niz e d a nd I h a v e ne v e r ne gl e c te d t o m e e t
,

wi th t h e m wi th ou t re g re ts a nd a f e e li ng t h at I ha d l o st so m e
,

t hi ng t h at I c o uld ne v e r r e g a i n I fe e l t h a t th e se so ci a l a nd in
.

t e l l e ctu a l g a t h e r i ng s are a ne c e ssi ty f or e v e ry c a re f ul o p e r a tor ,

a nd I ho p e t o liv e t o se e the d ay wh e n e v e ry d e nti st i n o ur S t ate

.

w ill f e e l i t hi s du ty t o a tte nd a t l e a st o ne o r t w o e v e r y y e ar
, ,
.
 SO C IE T IE S . 3 99

D R . FI S HER -
T he te nth to a st i s,

DEN T AL CO MM ER C IAL TRAVELE R

TH E ,

E v e r a w e l c o m e v i si to r I will c a ll up o nM r A Te nne y M e t . . .

c alf o f the S t L o ui s D e nta l M a nuf a c tu r i ng C o mp any

-

_ , . .

M R M E T C Ae . l a di es a nd G e ntl em en I n re plyi ng to t he
— —

t o a st T he D e nta l C o mm e r ci a l T ra v e l e r a lw ay s a w e lc o m e
,
“
,

Vi si to r fi rst l e t m e t h a nk y o u r w o rthy p r e sid e nt f o r the h ono r

,

c o nf e r re d no t o nly O I I my se lf b ut al l of u s w ho tra v e l the p a th

,

o f d uty a s mi ssi ona r i e s a m o ng y o u

“
.

T he se nt im e nt e xp r e sse d in t he t oa st a lw a y s a w e lc o m e Vi si ,

t or
”
.i s c e r ta i nly fully a pp r e ci a te d by al l of u s .

I h ardly k no w wh a t is e xp e cte d of m e in a re ply of thi s na

t u re wh e t h e r i t S h o uld b e a sa t i re o r a g e ne ra l o u tli ne o f t he
,

t r i a l s a nd tr ibul a t i o ns o f a lif e 0 11 t he r o a d o r t he re v e rse

”
,

p ic tu re the j oy s a nd pl e a su re s i ncid e nt th e re to
—
.

O ne t hi ng I ca n tr uly sa y t h a t a f te r w o r ki ng da y i n a nd ,

a nd t r a v e li ng a t a l l h o u rs o f t he nigh t w e t u r n o ur
”
day o ut
t h o ugh t s a nd f o o tste p s t o t he a nnu a l m e e t i ng o f the S ta te D e n
t a l A sso ci a t i o n wi t h f e e li ng s o f pl e a su re a s w e t h e n re st f r o m ,

o ur l a b or s f o r a se a so n a nd re ne w o l d f r i e nd ship s a nd d o o u r ,

b e st to e nte rta i n o th e rs m o re w e ary a nd thi rsty t h a n o u rse lv e s, ,

wi t h O P which i n K a nsa s m ea ns O r i gi na l P acl a ges a nd i n

. .
, , ,
'

’
M i sso u r i O sca r P epp er vi nta g e o f 81
, ,
.

I a m a t a l oss to u nd e rstand why o ne so m o d e st diffi de nt a nd ,

r e t i r i ng S h o uld b e c a ll e d up o n to re ply t o t hi s to ast a nd e sp e

,

c ia l l y so wh e n t h e r e i s o ne h e r e y o u a l l w e ll kno w the h a nd
,
,

so m e o ra to r I ll l ee I V D utr o r
.
,
. .

Th e re i s o ne a b se nt wh o m w e l ong e d t o see he a l so i s k no w n ,

by the na m e o f l ee : w ho if he w ere h e re w o uld re sp ond wi th , ,

a so n t h e g e ni a l tr a v e l e r l l r l ee I I l o ng
g , , I . . .

Th e re a re m a ny a m o ng y o u no d o ub t w ho e nvy I I S o ur p o si , ,

t i o n a nd thi nk t h a t the lif e o f a C o mm e rci a l T o u ri st so “

.

na m e d by Ch arl e s Dick e ns o r b e tt e r still a l a te r c o g no m e n , , ,

A ngel of C o m m e rc e i s o ne o f h e al th w e a l th a nd h a ppi
“
,
“
,
”
ne ss .

R e atl iv e to o ur hea l th th a t
, d e p e nd s 0 11 ho w m a ny sl e e pl e ss
t h a n the ro ck s o f G i b ra l ta r a nd
.

night c ge t O II b e d s h a rd e r ,
4 00 TH E A R C H I VE S or DE N T T I S R Y .

t he w a i ti ng a t stat i o ns h o u r a f te r hou r f o r b e l ate d t ra i ns to say

, , ,

no t hi ng of the ho g h o mi ny a nd c o rn b re a d give n u s f or
“ ” '

f oo d .

A S t o w ea l th w e ll t h a t d e p e nd s o n t he g e ne ro si ty of the
, ,
.

h o u se s w e re p re se nt a nd t o o ur sa vi ng p ro p e nsi ti e s .

A nd l a st O II r happ i ness i s c o mpl e t e wh e n m a ki ng g o o d sa l e s

,

a nd re c e ip t i ng the l a t e st sta t e m e nt s .

Y o u mig ht p ossibly fi nd t h a t t he lif e of a c o mm e r ci a l tra v e l er

i s l ik e t h a t o f the p olic e m a n i n t he w e ll k no w n c o mic o p e ra -

Wm Pe nn s A u nt s a m o ng t he Pi rate s
.
’ ”
no t a l w a y s a ,
“

h a ppy h a ppy o ne
,
”
.

B ut o u r h a ppi ne ss g e ntl e m e n g r e a tly d e p e nd s O I I t he w e l

, ,

c o m e giv e n u s e v e n if not ne e di ng g oo d s f o r w e do not a lw ay s

, ,

e xp e c t t o se ll E ven a s it i s y ou mu st k no w th at o ur sa l e s are
.
,

e no r m o u s ( figu r a t iv e ly sp e a ki ng) a nd o ur p r ofi t s c o r re sp Ondi ngl y

‘

sm a ll t hi s l a st p o i nt y o u will o f c o u rse a l l a dmi t

—
, ,
.

Po ssibly t he r e a re som e i ncid e nts of tra v el th at m ay i nte r e st

yo u
I t is l
r e a te d of o ne of o ur numb er t h a t
d i nne r he slyly at

d ro pp e d a se t of fa l se te e th i nto t he so up a nd c a ll e d b a ck t he
w a i te r sayi ng
, ,
l o o k h e re the c o o k ha s d ro pp e d his f a l se t e e t h
,

i nto the so up ”
.

I t i s u se l e ss to re c o rd t ha t a l l at sa id t a bl e w a nt e d no m o r e
so up i n t he i r s .

Anoth e r K ni gh t of the Ro a d w a s a sk e d by a n u ntu tore d

“

so n o f t o il if al l t h o se f a l se t e e th w e r e p ro cu r e d f r o md e a d p e r

so ns .

A g re e n b u t h one st l o o ki ng t ill e r O f the so il o nc e ask e d

,
-
'

Wh a t b e t h o se thi ngs ? p o i nti ng to se v e ra l tray s of p l a i n ”

t ee t h .T he r e ply th a t th e y w e r e a ne w sp e cim e n of c o r n no w
,

b e i ng i ntro duc e d se e m e d to e nt i re ly sa ti sfy him

. .

O ne of us has b ee n c a ll e d i n public p r i nt a t ra v e li ng ora to r “

f o r a sid e sh o w of d e nta l cu r i o si t i e s
-
”
.

W e h a v e t h ose wh o se na m e s a re v e ry a ppro p r i a t e a s w e ll a s
a p ro p o s f o r t h e i r ch o se n p r o f e ssi o n V i z D rs R oote Otm i ne ,
. . s.

a nd B ra cke t M any w e ll k no w n nam e s fu rni sh u s m a te r i a l f or

.
-
“

a n e xc e ll e nt pl a y o n w o r d s a s w e ll a s r hym e f o r i nst a nc e ,

I n u si ng S h a p i nst um e nt s yo u c n sa ve a S c h e l l
r r a

S o i t w i l l W e f o ve r a nd l oo k we l l ;
,

ar re
 SO C IE T IE S . 4 01

A nd i n L o w ry we a th e r w il l c a use no shock
So sa y s o u r c c -
l a b or e r , D r. l il ac /
c .

We S ho w ou c r o l o rs ,

c
B l a k, B r o w n a nd G re en;

A nd a m ong t h e tra d e s
M i l l e r , B a k e r , C a rp e nte r a nd S l a te r ar e se e n .

W hi l e c
p re i o u s sto ne s w e a d d t o t h e l i st ,
T h a t t h e b r i l l i a nt R u by m a y no t b e m i sse d .

We ha v th e e S p o r t sm a n, sur na m e d t h e F i sh e r ,
I n c a t ch i ng a B a ss,
’
h e l l ne ve r m i ss h e r ,
A nd as t o C o o ki ng th i s fi sh so shy ,
’
T h e re s o ne w ’
ho l l gi v e us a fi rst -
cl a s s F ry .

O u r t re a sure r , p o l i t e a nd ni e ,
so c
c
C o l l e t s yo u r d u e s i f y o ’ uv ce ”
e g o t t he P
. ri .

c
A m us i i a n, t oo , w e a l l are a rt e r ,

T he R e co r d i ng Se c r e t a ry , D r . H a rp e r .

N o w , al l of u s w ho h a v e A i k i n p ai ns,
V k
i si t th e p a i nst a i ng D r G a i ne s , .

O r o ur t a l l e st m e m b e r , i f no t t o o ro ugh ,
T h e g e ntl e , aff ab l e D r. H ff
u .

’
T h e re s f am il y of d e nt i st s, Of wh m y ou R
a o ee d ,

A nd L ea v e l -
he a de d , w e ar e a g re e d .

I f F u l l e r t h a n no w y o u ar e e ver c a ught ,

P ard on a w a i t s y o u f ro m hi s H o no r , t he m ay o r D . r. S wa p

N ow, i f i n y o ur t e e t h y o u h a e g a p i ng se a m s, v
V i si t t h e st ro ng B o w m a n or D r E a me s .

D e l ay i t no t t o D -
a y or t o l ll -
or ro w ,

A vo i d t h e p a i n a nd co rr e sp o nd i ng sorro w .

I f wo k y r w a nt t hat i s no t sni d e
ou ,
”

E ng a g e t h e se v i ce s o f D
r Clyd r. e

x
.

I f i n e t r a ct i o n y o u a re no t “
g a m e,
”

Fo r t h e P a i nl e ss M e t ho d , t ry D r. C r a ne .

H e re c om es a d e nt i st f ro m t he We st P l a i ns f ar ;
A v al u ab l e ne w m e m b e D r, r . Ca r r ,
A nd o ne wh ose p e se nce o e ’ r r u s st e a l s,

S ugg e st i ng c ool i ng i c b e g s e r a nd r e f re shi ng S l

e a s.

W hi l t th i s f e a st w e l l v
e a a a er

T ha t o ur t han k
d ue t he l a nd l ord , M r C h ri st o p h e r
s are .

n
A d h i s he p m a t e tr u e ,
l ’
e l l ne e r f o rg e t , w v
S o say s th e o m m e rc i a l tr a e l e r , A T e nney ’
c ll e t v . I .
4 02 TH E AR C H I VE S or DE N T TR Y IS .

T he d e nt al d e p o t s, l ast b u t no t l e a st , “ ”

H e p e t h e i r b u si ne ss w i l l b e i n re a se d c .

R 1 P e ar so n Co of K a nSa S C i ty ,
j ffy
. . .
,

W il l fi l l y o ur or d e r s in a i .

’
T h er e s a l so St . L oui s at t h e e nd o f t h e S t at e ,
,

Al w a y s al e r t , b oth e a rl y a nd l a te ,

W he re y o ur v al u e d o r d e rs wi l l be fil l ed w i th c are

B y th e p ri n ce of g oo d f e l l o w s , E mil L ec l a i re .

In cl osi ng I sp e a k f o r a l l D e nta l C o mm e r ci a l T ra v el e rs
, ,

wh e n sayi ng th at ,

W e st rive o u b e st t o g e t y ou t a d e r r r ,

B y i nt o d u c i ng no ve l t i e s t h l t st m d e
r e a e a

J
, ,

W h e th er b y W hi t e u st i , S ib l ey or W i l m i ng t o n
k w ll
, ,
’
I t s a wo r e st a rt e d , b u t ne ve r d o ne .

So wh e n w e no t i fy y ou m a ny d ays i n d vance a ,

S v u s y o u o d s a nd s e u s d n e
a e r r er e a c .

J o t d ow n t h ose a ti l e t h a t y o u e sh o t o f
r c s ar r ,
’
T h e n w e l l se l l y u g oo d s y ou n ve t h ugh t o f
o e r o .

I f w i shi ng g o o d w i l l nd c e d i t t a r , oo,

I f p o mp t w e ’
r l l g iv e t h e m b o t h t o y o u
, .

S o do u nt o
’d b e d o ne b y ,
us as you ‘

A nd y ou r y e ar s a nd o u rs w il l sl o w l y fl y .

D R . FI S HER —
T he e e l v e nth t o a st i s,

THE DEN T I S T OF 1 990 .

Ic a l l up on D r H S Lew ry of K a nsas Ci ty
. . .
, .

DR L O W R Y z M r Toa st ma ster l a di es a nd G entl emen I

.
— .
,
—

w a s so lici te d t hi s a f te rno o n to r e sp o nd t o t hi s to a st a nd i t i s ,

o nly b e c a u se o f my f r i e nd ship f o r D r I D P e a r c e o f K a nsa s . . .

,

Ci ty a nd my resp e c t f o r o ur w o rthy to a st m a ste r t h a t I co n

,
-

s e nt e d t o d o it T he p r e se nt i s a t im e o f g ra nd a chi e v e m e nts
. .

Wi thi n the l ast hu nd re d y e a rs the m ost m a r v e l o u s a d v a nc e m e nt

e v e r k no w n i n the hi st o ry of t he w o rld ha s b e e n m a d e R a il .

r o a d s which sp an t he c o nt i ne nt s Te l e g raph th a t e ntwi ne s the .

w orld T e l e ph o ne s by m e a ns o f which y o u can c o nve rse wi th

.
,

p e rf e ct e ase b e tw e e n P e rtl e Sp ri ng s a nd K a nsas Ci ty a nd f ar ,

ther . St e a m ship li ne s by wh ich yo u ca n cro ss the b ro a d e x

p anse o f the At l a nti c i n fi v e d a y s F i re a l ar m s th at will a ro u se .

y o u f ro m t he m o st p e a c e ful slumb e r a nd c a u s e y o u t o j ump o u t

 SO C I E T I E S . 4 03

of the wi nd o w Po lic e c a ll s m e sse nge r c a ll s e l e c tric m o to rs

.
, ,

f o r S tre e t r a il w a y a nd o th e r pu r p o se s K a nsa s Ci ty c a bl e ra il.

w ay s the w o nd e r o f the w o rld

,
E l e ct ric ligh t by the w hi te
.
,

r a y s o f wh ich t he m ost d e lic a te o p e ra t i o n i n d e nt i st ry c a n b e

p e rfo rm e d T he d e nta l p ro fe ssi o n ay e w e h a v e str uck i t

.
,
.

Th e re h a v e b e e n a dva nc e m e nts i n t hi s p ro fe ssi o n a nd w o nd e rs

c o e qu a l to a ny I h a v e na m e d Wh a t o th e r a ge c o uld h a v e pro
.
'

d uce d such m e n as my f ri e nd C o nr a d w ho ha s t a lk e d so m a ny
‘

me n t o d e a th a nd w ho r e m a i ne d i n my ro o m a l l a f te rno o n a nd
,

t oo k a l l o f t he t im e I ha d t o thi nk o f t h i s re sp o nse o r my cor

d i al f r i e nd F i sh e r wh ose e x e cutiv e a bili ty i s no t e xc e l l e d by a

, ,

Li nco l n o r a Wa shi ngto n ; or o ur geni al fri e nd A u sti n wh ose .

, ,

phy sic a l stre ng th e na bl e s hi m to c ar ry the ro tu nd a of a st a te

c a pi to l up o n hi s h e a d f o r a ha t ; o r o u r f a mili a r f r i e nd P r ic e , ,

wh o se mi nd i s so fill e d with du e s th a t at a n a cc e ssi o n t o the ,

M i sso u r i S ta t e D e nta l A sso ci a t i o n he sp arkl e s as the d e w s o f

,

t he m o r ni ng ; or o ur so b e r f r i e nd H e ckl e r w ho i s a bl e to
, ,
'

the ch asm or o u r qui e t f r i e nd L e to r d wh ose

”
bridge in , ,
'

l a ys a nd ov er l a ys e xc e e d hi s o utl a y s o r ou r blu shi ng f r i e nd

”
,

H ungerford w ho lik e the li ttl e b oy wi th the gi nger b re a d lik e s

, ,
-

,
’
i t b u t d o e sn t ge t e no ugh o f i t ; o r o ur h ospi ta bl e h o st Ch ri s
, _
,
’
t o phe r w ho i s m o nar ch o f M i sso u r i s ge thse m ina P e r tl e Sp r i ng s
, ,
.

B ut g e ntl e m e n no t wi th sta ndi ng al l o f th ese w o nd e r s t h ro ugh

, ,

which w e h a v e c o m e a nd which w e no w b o a st of a nd so much

,

e nj oy w e h a v e no t y e t r e a ch e d t he ul tim a tum o f p e r f e c ti o n
, .

T he ne x t hu nd re d y e ars e nf o ld s wi thi n it s c o nsta ntly u nw ra ping

s e a so ns as m a ny m ar v e l s a s the p a st hu nd red ha s di sc o v e r e d I .

w o uld no t assu m e the ro l e o f a p ro ph e t b u t p a r d o n m e if I p re ,

d ic t th a t wh e n a no th e r c e ntu ry S h a ll h a v e p a sse d a w a y a rtifici a l ,

t e e t h will b e o b so l e te and f o rg o tt e n ; py o rr h oea a lv e o l a r i s will

b e a s e a sily h a ndl e d a s the c o l o re d v o t e i n the S o u th ; cl e f t
p al a te w ill b e as p e rfe ctly c orre ct e d a s na tu re c o uld h a v e m a d e
it T he D e nt a l P ro te ctiv e A sso ci a t i o n will h a v e a tta i ne d to
s uch m a sto d o ni c p r e p o r ti o ns th a t i ts m e mb e r s will f e e l a s sa f e i n
’
i t s e mb ra c e a s t he child i n i ts m o th e r s a r m s ; the d e nta l pr o f e s
si o n will st a nd o n the sh o uld e rs o f a l l o th er p r o f e ssi o ns a nd t he ,

Mi sso u ri S tate D e nta l A sso ci a ti on will l e a d the v a n o nw a rd a nd

u pw a rd to the pi nna cl e o f a no th e r c e ntu ry 1 990 ,
.
4 04 TH E A R C HI V E S OF DE N T T
I S R Y .

D r . FI sI I E R z— T he t w e lf th to ast i s,

SILEN T ME MB E R TH E .

Thi s will b e re sp ond e d to by D r W E Tuck e r o f Bu tl e r . . .

, .

DR TU C KE R . l a di es a nd G entl em en T o o ful l f or ut te r —

a nc e t h a t i s g e ne ra lly the c ase wi th t he Sil e nt M e mb e r ”

'

,
.

I ne v e ry d e lib e r at iv e a sse mbly w e fi nd t w o di st i nc t cl a sses ,

.

O ne i s a nxi o u s to d o al l the t a lki ng the oth e r a se lf sa crifi cing ,

-

a cc o mm o d a t i ng cl a ss willi ng to d o a l l the li st e ni ng
,
.

T he fo r m e r i s supp o se d by som e t o p o sse ss the b ra i ns o f the

a sse mbly b u t i t i s u n
, iv e rsally c o nc e de d th e y a t l e a st ha v e the
d wel t
“
.

Wh e n I w as fi rst no t ifi e d th at I w o uld b e e xp e c te d to re spo nd

to thi s t o ast I w a s so u nc e r ta i n as to t he e x a c t sta ndi ng o f t he
,

ch a ra c t e r w i t h which I had t o d e a l th a t I c a ll e d up o n a d o ctor , ,

wh o m I k ne w a tte nd e d asso ci at i o ns f or a d e scripti on of t he ,

Sil e nt M e mb e r acc or di ng to hi s o b se rv ati on

,
”
.

H e sa id he w a s a ki nd o f no ne nt i ty o r sup e r num e r ary th a t

'

si ts a ro u nd lik e a k no t o n a l o whil e the o th e r s h a v e t o d o a l l

g ,

t he t a lki ng Poor f e ll ows

.

I t h en co nsul te d a pro mi ne nt l a wye r a b ou t the c ase b ut he ,

’
see m e d t o h a v e a st ill g re a t e r c o nt e mp t f o r t he m a n t h a t c o uld n t

t a lk . H e sa id the ra c e f o r di st i nc ti o n i n t hi s lif e i s lik e t he

ch a se o f t he hu nt sm a n the m a n i n fro nt bl o w s the h orn .

I t urne d a w ay f ro m t h e se pro fe ssi o na l ge ntl e m e n much dis ,

co ur a e d B u t o n c o nsul t i ng the p o e t s ph il o so ph e rs a nd o r a
g .
, ,

to rs of a nci e nt a nd m o d e r n t im e s I a m d e e ply imp re sse d wi th ,

t he high sta nd i ng o f the Sil e nt M e mb e r ”

.

E v en Cic ero him se lf say s The re i s no t only an art b ut an ,

“

e l o qu e nc e i n sil e nc e
”
.

Anoth e r say s B e sil ent a nd sa fe ; sil e nce ne v e r b e tray s yo u

,
“
.

I h a ve l ong b e e n convi nc e d th at i t ta k e s a sm art m an t o kno w .

j u st wh e n to b e sil e nt .

I do no t wi sh to i ntim ate th at the sil ent m e mb e rs of thi s A sSC

c i a ti on a r e v er y sm a r t b u t I do p r e t e nd to sa t h y di pl y
y
,
e s a a

g re at d e a l of di scre t i o n in k e e pi ng still .

C arlyl e te ll s u s th at Sil e nc e i s m ore e l o qu e nt th a n w ord s .

N e w I a m gl a d o f t hi s
,
F rom my y o uth up I h a v e wa nte d to
.
 S oci E T I E s . 4 05

be l qu e nt a nd no w I a m h a ppy to k no w th a t du r i ng my
e o , ,

t w e nt v t w o y e a rs c o nne c ti o n w i t h thi s o rg a niz a ti o n I h a v e b e e n

’ ‘

o ne o f i t s m o st e l o qu e nt m e m b e rs .
a nd I h a v e no d o ub t t h a t I

h a v e f re qu e ntly th o ugh u nc o nsci o u sly h e ld t he A sso ci a ti o n

, ,

s p e ll b o u nd w i t h my sil e nce
-
.

I a m no w fully p e rsu a de d t h a t the Sil e nt M e mb e r O f thi s

A sso ci a ti o n ha s ne ve r b e e n a pp re ci ate d H e ha s a v e ry imp o r .

t a nt p a r t t o p e rf o r m a nd g e ne ra lly p e rf o r m s i t w e ll
'

,
“ e ca n .

a l l im a gi ne wh a t a b a b e l o f c o nfu si o n t h e re w o uld b e if a l l t he

m e mb e rs o f so l a rge a n a sso ci a t i o n a s o u rs w e re a nxi o u s to giv e

t h e m se lv e s a n ora to ric a l a i r i ng e v e r y t im e a subj e c t c a m e up .

C o nse qu e ntly i t i s a b so lu t e ly ne c e ssary in o rd e r to su sta i n a n

, ,

e quilib r ium i n t he asso ci a t i o n t o h a v e a l a rg e numb e r O f sil e nt ,

li ste ne rs f o r the be ne fi t o f the ora tors .

Th e n a ga i n the Sil e nt M e mb er ha s e l e m e nts o f po pu

, ,
“

l a r i ty a b o u t hi m th a t no o ne e l se ca n h a v e ; he ne v e r a nta go n
iz e s a ny o ne b ut li st e ns r e sp e ctfully i t m atte rs no t how much
, ,

he m a y b e b ore d And wh e n i t c o m e s to the e l e c t i on O f Offic e rs

.
,

he i s v ery po pul ar H e has v o ti ng qu a lific a t i o ns e qu a l to a ny

.

o ne
’
b ut ne v e r a spi r e s to Offic e him se lf ; c o uld n t ge t o ne if he
, ,

did Who e v e r h e ar d o f a sil e nt m e mb e r h oldi ng an Offic e i n

.

the Mi sso u r i S ta te D e nt a l A sso ci a t i o n u nl e ss i t w a s the Offic e O f ,

publi shi ng c o mmi tte e a nd a s th a t c o mmi tte e w a s ne v e r k no w n

,

t o h a v e a ny thi ng to d o I p re sum e hi s a pp o i ntm e nt to t h a t o ffic e,

i s to d e m onstra te the e t e r na l fi tne ss O f t hi ng s .

”

N o w M r P re sid e nt a nd g e ntl e m e n si nc e I h a v e sh o w n t h a t
,
.
, ,
“
Th e re i s a gif t b e y o nd t he re a ch o f art o f be i ng e l o qu e ntly ,

sil e nt I h a ve no d o ub t th a t the ra nk s o f the Sil e nt M e mb e r

,
” “ ”

will b e l a rg e ly i nc re a se d A m o ng the fi rst c o nv e rts I a ntici .

,

p a te will b e D r L o w ry D r P re sse r a nd D r C o nra d G e ntl e

,
.
, . . .

me n it m ay b e v e ry h a rd f o r a whil e b u t k e e p still p ra c tic e the

.
, ,

a r t o f l oo ki ng wi se a nd p e o pl e will so o n d e cl a r e , y o u a re b e co m
i ng m o r e di sc r e e t a nd i nte re sti ng e v e ry y e ar .

D R F I S HER
. T he thi r te e nth toast i s
—
,

TH E Y O UN G OF T HE PROFE S S ION
MEN .

Ic all up o n D r Th e o . . S ta nl e y o f K a nsa s Ci ty
, .

D R S T AN LEY 2 1l f r
.
—
. P r esi de nt a nd G entl e me n ( t he ,
l a di e s
4 06 TH E A R C H I V E S OF DE N T T IS R Y .

h a vi ng fi o w n) I b e li e v e I e xp re ss the fe e li ng of e v e ry y o u ng
— -

m an h e re t o nigh t wh e n I say t h a t w e f e e l fl a tter e d t h a t a t o a st

-

i s d r u nk to u s W e a re be i ng not ic e d so m e t hi ng i s e xp e c te d
.

f ro m u s a nd w e a re st imul at e d to e mul a te the e x ampl e o f o u r

,

e ld e r b ro th er s so m e O f w h o m w e h a v e c o m e to re gar d a s v e r i
,

t a bl e o ra cl e s i n d e nt i stry .

I do no t S p e a k a s the v e ry y ou nge st m e mb e r O f the prof e s

si o n f or y o u m ay b e a
,
w are th at I h av e b e e n in p ra c t ic e S i nc e
the e a r ly d a y s o f 1 887 a n d I h a v e ga i ne d so m e e xp er i e nc e dur
,

ing t h o se thi rty si x l o ng m o nth s O f a ctiv e p r a ct ic e ( the fi r st t e n

-

'

or t w e lv e m o nt h s w e r e a g oo d d e a l l e ss a c t iv e a nd se e m e d much

l ong er t h an the o th ers) so th a t I h a v e no h e si tat i on in givi ng a

,

f e w w o r d s O f a dvic e t O t he v e ry y o u ng m e mb e rs t h o se w ho
’
—
,

h a v e b e e n in S ay , f ro m tw e nty fi v e to fo rty y e ars

,
'
-

I f D r A d e scr ib e s a di sco v e ry or a n i nv e nti on in p r i nt th at

,

. ,
,
.

y ou k no w O f b u t h a v e no t t a k e n the tr o ubl e t o wr i te a b o u t
‘

c omp ose an a rti cl e f or y o u r j o u rna l a t o nce to say t h a t y o u k ne w

O f a nd ha d u se d a S imil ar a ppli a nc e a full m o nt h b e f o re D r A . .
,

a nd t h a t t he gl o ry i s y o u r s For su re ly i t m a tt e rs no t so much
.
,

wh e th e r a thi ng i s a go o d thi ng as wh e re the h onor o f the pri ,

o ri ty o f i ts u se li e s S e e to t h at I f the Almigh ty has e ndowe d

. .

y o u wi t h t h at p e culi ar o r d e r O f mi nd which m a k e s the i nv e nto r ,

b e su re to sp e nd y o u r t im e m o ne y b ra i ns a nd e ne r gy o n y o u r , ,

i nv e nt i on b u t do no t h a v e i t p ate nte d th a t w o uld b e v e ry um

, ,

pr of e ssi o na l Y o u m ay h a ve t o giv e up y o ur p ra ctic e to h av e

.

t im e f or the w or k a nd y o u m ay h a v e a wif e a nd b a bi e s d e p e nd
,

e nt up o n y o u r e x e r t i o ns b u t t h e y are se c ond a ry I will use

,
.

y o u r i nve nt i o n to m a k e m one y whil e y o u i nve nt so m e thi ng e l se ,

f o r m e to u se t o m a k e m o re m o ne y wi th B ut do the no bl e .

t hi ng a nd do no t p r o te c t the f r ui t o f y o u r l o ng l a b or
, .

O n t he o t h er h a nd if i n y o u r tra ve l s a b roa d y o u di sc o v er
,

so m e f a c t the k no wl e dg e o f which will f re e the p ro f e ssi on fr o m

,

the Opp r e ssi o n O f the I nte r na t i o na l To o th C ro w n C o k e e p it .

,

cl o se to y o u rse lf I t m ay no t h a v e ta k en t im e o r b ra i ns m one y
.
,

o r e ne r gy f or the di sc o v e ry b u t m a k e t he p r o f e ssi o n p ay a t l e ast

,

f o r t he i nf o r m a t i on
B e su re a nd figh t o ut t he qu e st i o n a s to wh e t h er d e nt i stry i s a
p ro fe ssi on a nd a sp e ci al ty O f m e dici ne T he w ay to do thi s .
,
 SO C IE T IE S . 4 07

d o e s no t se e m to b e f o r e a ch m e mb e r a s a n i ndividu a l to so , ,

cul tiv a te a nd imp ro v e him se lf th a t c o ll e c tiv e ly w e m ay b e ,

k no w n a s the e qu a l o f a ny p ro fe ssi o n b u t g ra b the public by t he ,

th ro a t a nd m a k e it c o nf e ss a nd a t o nc e wh a t w e d e si r e ,
If we ,
.

e x to rt f ro m th e m a s w e h a v e do ne re c o g ni t i o n o f th e f a c t th a t ,

w e a re a sp e ci a l ty O f m e dici ne w e a re st ill a t l ib e r ty a s w e , ,

ha v e d o ne to a rre st a n M D up i n Ne b ra sk a f o r p r a c t ici ng a
,
. .

sp e ci a l ty O f hi s o w np r of ess i on

T he id e a se e m s t o b e t h a t w e mu st d e m a nd to b e a p a r t O f
,

th e m wi th o u t i n a ny w a y a ll o wi ng t h e m to b e a p a r t o f u s
,

T ry t o b e id e nt ifi e d with y o u r c a lli ng O ne w ay w o uld b e t o .

h a v e DEN T I S T in gil t l e t te r s pu t a c ro ss y o u r f o r e h e a d or yo u
, ,

migh t use m o l a rs f or cu ff bu tto ns ; b u t a b e tte r w ay ye t i s to —

w e a r the S t L o ui s d e nta l ne ck t i e ! T O b e su r e the sm all b oy

.
,

will so o n l e a r n wh at it m e a ns a nd will cry i n a sta ge asid e -

“
T o o t h j e r k e r ! T o o t h j e rk e r
-

B ut th a t i s no th i ng if y ou
-

a r e b ut k no w n a s a d e nt i st Loo k a f te r that I .

Wi t h the p ro p e r a tte nti o n t o the d e ta il s o f wh a t I h a v e a d

vi se d y o u will c e r ta i nly r i se to e mi ne nce i n y o u r c a lli ng a nd
, ,

t he p r o f e ssi o n wil l r i se to p r o mi ne nc e a m o ng p ro f e ssi o ns l

D R . FI S HE R z— O ur f o u rte e nth t o a st i s

DEN T AL ET HI C S .

I will c all u p o n D r N H G a i ne s o f I nd e p end e nc e

. . .
,
.

D R G AINE S z Jifi P es ident a nd G e ntl e m en Wi th o u r c o d e

.
— '
. r —

o f e t hic s a s o u r guid e i n o u r i nte r c o u rse wi t h e a ch o t h e r a nd the

w o rld a t l arg e l e t us b a t tl e t hi s l if e to g e th e r Fo r by str ic tly

, .
,

a dh e r i ng to o u r c o d e O f e t hic s a nd a f a i thfu l p e rf o r m a nc e o f a l l ,

o u r du t i e s o f a m o ra l o blig a ti o n th a t We o w e to e a ch o th e r a nd
,

by a c ti ng in u ni ty i n e v e ry u nd e rta ki ng w e a re b e tte r e na bl e d ,

to r e si st a tta ck o r to e nf o rc e o u r j udici a ry l a w s H e nc e I .
,

w o uld d e e m i t a dvi sa bl e th a t e v e ry o ne o f us d e nti sts sh o uld

u ni te i n o u r e ffo rts wi th t he D e nta l P ro te c tiv e A s o ci a ti o n f o r s
,

wh il e w e a re c ro w ni ng o l d b ro k e n a nd w o rn o u t te e th o f o ur ,
-

f e ll o w m e n a nd p a tro ns w e m a y b e fo rmi ng c ro w ns o f gl o ry
-

th a t wil l re d o u nd to t he go o d a nd i nte re st o f th i s A s so ci a ti o n
f o re v e r:
4 08 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN T I S T R Y .

D R . FI S HER —
T he fif te e nt h t o a st is ,

T H E A RK AN S A S TRAVELER .

Ic a ll up o n D r R . . D S e al s of Fo r t S m i t h A rk a nsa s
.
, , .

D R SEAL S G entl e m n f i l e JV
.

.
—
D enta l A ssoci a ti n
e o i
’
l o

—
O ur h o no re d p re sid e nt ha s se e n fi t to i nt ro duc e m e a s the
o r igi na l A r k a nsa s T ra v e l e r I h ardly thi nk th a t he can c on .

vi nc e thi s i nt e llig e nt a udi e nc e th a t I a m t h a t di sti ngui sh e d i ndi

vidu a l .

’T i s b e li e v e d by so m e th a t t he t ra v e l e r w ho se na m e ha s b e e n ,

m a d e imm o r ta l by th a t i nf e r na l o l d t u ne c a ll e d the A rk ansa w ,

T ra v e l e r w a s a b o u t t he fi rst m an b u t o ne to p e ne trate the

,
”
,
,

sw a mp s a nd b a ckw o o d s O f Ark a nsas I c e r ta i nl y c o uld not h a v e .

b e e n th at m a n .

Pe rh a p s t h e re a re so m e p re se nt w ho d o no t k no w th a t t h e re
r e a lly did liv e a m an w ho w a s k no w n a s t he A rka nsa w Tra v
el e r C o l S andy F a lk ne r w ho di e d a f e w v e a rs si nc e i n the
”
. .
,

ci ty O f L i ttl e R o ck i s sa id to h a v e b e e n t he m anw ho fi rst f o und

,

s up r e m e c o nt e nt m e nt if no t h a ppi ne ss i n a l og c abi n i n t he
, ,
-

b a ckw oo d s of Ar k a nsas o n the b ord e r O f civiliz ati o n at th at

t im e A nd i t w a s he who fi rst i nf or m e d t he b a ckw o o d s m a n
. .

t h a t the t une ha d a t a m a nd ta ug ht hi m ho w t o tu r n i t , B et .

t e r f a r f or A r k a nsas th a t t he t ra v e l e r ha d ne v e r liv e d t o t u rn the

t u ne and giv e i t a na m e f o r it i s b e li e v e d b y h a lf t he p eo pl e o f ,

t he U ni t e d S ta te s t h a t t he f ro nt i e r sm a n C o l F a lk ne r sp e nt the .

nigh t wi t h i s a f a i r sa mpl e O f t he A r k a nsa s g e ntl e m a n O f the

,

p re se nt t im e .

Th a t O l d t u ne has d o ne the S ta t e m o re h a rm th an al l the

w ar s a nd e pid e mic s th a t h a v e e ve r sw e p t o v e r he r b or d e rs .

Whil e I a m not the o r igi na l A rk a nsa s T ra v e l e r I a cc e p t the t i tl e ,

wi t h p r id e I h a v e b e e n a ci tiz e n o f t he S ta te f o r t w e nty fi v e
.
-

y e a rs a nd can tr uly say that I a m p ro ud o f he r

,
.

T o d a y she sta nd s i n the f ro nt ra nk wi th her si ste r sta te s se c ,

o nd to no ne I n p o i nt o f a g r i cul t u ra l a nd mi ne ra l re so u r c e s o nly ,

w a i t i ng f o r m e n a nd m e a ns to m a k e he r fi rst i n m anufa cturi ng

i nte re st a s S he i s ne w fi rst i n a lm o st al l ki nd s O f pu r sui ts hav
,
-

i ng ta k e n fi rst p r iz e i n e v e r y i nsta nc e wh e r e she ha s c o mp e te d .

I t i s sa id to b e the h o m e O f t he a ppl e a nd the r o se S he ca n .

 SO C IE T IE S . 4 00

b o as t o f m o re mil e s o f na viga bl e stre a m s clim a te u nsu rp a sse d ,

f o r mild ne ss g o o d l a w s a nd w e ll e x e cu te d l o v e ly w o m e n a nd
, ,

m a ny o f t h e m Wh a t m o re w o uld o ne a sk to m a k e him h a ppy ?

. .

G e ntl e m e n o f thi s Mi sso u r i A sso ci a ti on a l th o ugh a c o mp a ra ,

t iv e st ra ng e r a m o ng y o u I d o no t f e e l i t t hu s
. S o m e b e f o re m e .

t o ni g ht I h a v e k no w n f ro m t h e i r y o u th o th e r s I h a v e k no w n by
-

re pu t a t i o n f o r m a nv y e a r s a nd I d o no t m e a n i t a s fl a t t e ry w h e n
,

I say I se e so m e b e fo re m e w h o se na m e s w il l b e w ri tte n i n
,
'

ch a ra c te rs o f l iv m g ligh t high up i n t he boo k O f fa m e a nd th at

, ,

g e ne ra t i o ns u nb o rn will c a ll y o u bl e sse d f o r h a vi ng b e e n b e ne
fa c tors to suff e ri ng hum a ni ty .

Y o u r re pu tat i o n a s wise a nd skillful d e nti sts ha s not b e e n co n

fi ne d wi thi n y o u r o w n b o r d e rs by b a r b e d wi re s a nd b o i s d u a rc
he dg e s m o re O f whic h I ne v e r sa w u nt il I c a m e o n thi s t rip
—

no r h a v e S tate l i ne s p r e v e nt e d y o u r e nvi a bl e r e pu ta t i o n f ro m
re a chi ng t he g ra nd O l d S ta t e I a m S O p r o ud t o c a ll my o w n
,
.

W e h a v e h e a r d O f y o u in F t S m i th the I f ansa s C i ty o f the .

,

S o u thw e st t he ci ty wh e re the m ill of j u st ic e ne v e r c e a se s t o

,

r i nd wh e r e t he thi e f fi nd s his c e ll w h e re t he i nno c ent a r e a c

g , ,

q ui tte d wh e re the m u rd e re r i s se nt t o H e a v e n f o r th e y a l l
—
, ,

say t h e y a re g o i ng t h e re I gu e ss th ey do by sh o rt c a bl e li ne
.
,
.

I h a v e c o m e to se e if wh a t I h a ve h e a rd b e tr u e a nd b e h o ld I , ,

fi nd t he h a lf ha s no t b e e n to ld .

My vi si t to P e rtl e Sp r i ng s will e v e r b e a b right p ag e in my

b o o k o f life I f e e l th a t i t i s g o o d to b e h e re I will t a k e h o m e
. .

ne w id e a s w hich I will pu t i n p ra c ti c e a nd i ntro duc e i n my o w n .

S tate A sso ci a ti o n .

A nd no w g e ntl e m e n S h o uld c ru e l f a te d e c re e th a t the

, ,
Ar ,

k a nsa s T ra v e l e r sh o uld ne v e r m e e t with y o u a g a i n it i s hi s

”
,

h e a rt fe l t d e si re th a t t he M i sso u ri D e nta l A sso ci a ti on m ay co n

-

t i nne t o p rosp e r t ill no ne a re s up e r i o r t h a t no m i sf o r tu ne s no r

d i sse nti o ns m a y e nte r he r ra nk s to S h o w he r t he d a rk a nd
gl o o my sh ad e s O f u nh a ppi ne ss B ut m ay he r p ro fe ssi o na l b a rk .
,

which she ha s so succ e ssfully l a u nch e d u nfu rl to spicy b re e z e s ,

he r sno w whi te sa il s a nd l ik e t he h e a v e n di re c te d a rk glid e

-

,
-

’
s a f e ly a nd t riumph a ntly o e r lif e s t ro ubl e d S e a
'

.
410 T ST Y TH E A R C H I VE S OF DE N I R .

D I SC U SS ION OF D R W H A TKIN S ON S PA PER

’ . . .

D EN T I ST RY OF T HE P RE S E NT
D S T O K T ON M P id nt n f th p c tic l v y
R . C —
r . re s e ,
o e O e ra a , e er

da y p t i b
rac
ght fi
ce s,t t my k
. n wl dg
ro uI t hi nk by my rs o o e e, ,

f i nd D A tki n n w th
d e ar r e r ,
so f hy d n phth l i n fi l l
.as e u se o ro a,
o

i ng pulp c a na l s a f te r the pulp has b e e n r e m o v e d by i nco r po

, ,

ra t i ng t he hy d ro na phtho l wi t h t he gu tta p e r ch a Si nc e th at -

p r a ct ice ha s b e e n pu rsu e d I h a v e had f e w e r fa ilu re s t h a n I e v e r

ha d b e f o re R a re ly i nde e d do I h av e a fa i l ure if i n filli ng a
.
,

pulp cana l I h a v e i nc o rp o ra te d hy dro na phthol i n the m ate r i al ;

I h a ve sc ar ce ly se e n one wh e re any sub se qu e nt troubl e e nsu e d .

A ll of the r e m e di e s he has giv e n u s are no d o ubt v e ry v al ua

b l e b ut I a m no t S O f a mili ar wi t h so m e O f t h e m a s he p e rh a p s
,

is. Anoth e r r e me dy ca mph o phe niq ue i s a v e ry va l ua bl e

,
-

p re p a rat i o n a nd S h o uld b e i n t he h and s o f e v e ry p ra cti t i oner

,
.

I t i s much m ore pl e a si ng t o the sm e l l a nd t aste if i t S h o uld ,

u nfor tu na te ly ge t i nto the m o u th a nd b e ta ste d t h an a lm o st a ny ,

of t he o t h e r r e m e di e s .

I do not k no w th a t I h a v e a ny thi ng m o re to say u nl e ss i t i s ,

to c o mm e nd t he g e ne r a l id e a o f the p a p e r : the ne c e ssi ty of

k no wi ng m or e o f surg e ry I wi sh I w a s a y o u ng e r m a n and .

c o uld t a k e a c o u rse of su rgic a l tra i ni ng a s so m e of the y o u ng e r ,

m e n are d o i ng to d ay T he g ra du a te i n d e nt i str y S h o uld b e co m e

.

qu alifi e d i n a su rgic a l a sp e ct so t h a t wh e n ca se s are p re se nte d,

which d e m and su rgic a l tre atm e nt he may b e a bl e t o t ak e h o ld ,

o f t h e m a nd k no w wh a t he i s d o i ng Wh e n a c a se c om e s to u s .

w e sh o uld k no w wh e th e r i t i s o ur c ase a s a d e nta l su r g e o n o r , ,

wh e th e r i t i s a c a se t h a t p ro p e rly b e l ong s t o the m e dic a l o r ge n

e ra l su rg e o n a nd if i t i s o u rs w e S h o uld h a v e the k no wl e dg e t o
,

Op e ra te up o n a nd tre at i t a t o nc e a nd say thi s i smy c ase a nd I ,

will ta k e ch a rg e of it a nd cu re i t .

DR WA T KIN S
. D r S to ck t o n i n sp e a ki ng O f a nt i se p t ic s
— '

.
, ,

r e mi nd e d m e o f o ne a r t icl e w h ic h I h a v e b e e n u si ng S i nc e D r .

H a rl an ga ve u s his e xhibi ti o n O f c o agul a nts in N ew Yor k th a t ,

i s O il O f ci nna m o n
,
I h a v e b e e n u si ng i t wi th a gre at de a l O f
.

sa t i sf a c t i o n I t i s a v e ry pl e a sa nt r e m e dy t o the p a t i e nt a nd a
.

* R e ad b e f ore t h e C e nt r al D e nt al A ssoc i at i o n of N ort h e rn N ew J e r se y .

 SO C IE T IE S . 4 11

go o d a nti se p tic I h a v e ha d v e ry li ttl e tro ubl e in c a se s wh e re

.

I h a v e u se d it I t i s c e rta i nly much m o re a g re e a bl e th a n alm o st

.

a n o f t he o th e r a nt i se p t ic s w e h a v e
y .

DR M E E K E R z M r P re sid e nt I th i nk I w a s the fi rst one

.
—
.
,

i n N e w J e r se y to use hy d ro na p ht ho l a s a n a nt i se p tic i n d e n
t istry .I h a ve c o nt i nue d i ts u se to the p re se nt day I thi nk .

I w a s the fi rst o ne to use O il O f p a tch o uli f or the sam e pur

p o se I t ha s I t hi nk a m o r e p o w e rf ul a nti se p t ic qu a li ty
‘

.
, ,

t h a n ci nna m o n O il I n c ase s O f t he d e a t h o f the pulp w i t h

.
,

re c e nt o r r e m o te ulc e ra t i o n I sy r i ng e o u t t he c a na l fi rst wi t h
,

p ero xid e O f hyd ro ge n cl e a n i t o ut w e ll th e n i nj e c t a li ttl e o f

, ,

t he O il o f p a t ch o uli se a l i t up a nd l e t it r e st f o r a f e w d ay s ;
,

a f te r which I cl e a n i t o u t a g a i n a nd i nj e c t a li ttl e bichl o r id e o f

m e r cu ry so lu ti o n t h e n ta k e so m e liquid gu tta p e r ch a on fl o ss
,
-

silk a nd dip i t i n h d ro na ht hol a nd pu sh i t d o w n t o t he e nd O f

y p
the c a na l S O f a r I h a v e ha d o nl y t w o ca se s c o m e b a ck t o m e
.

wi th a ny i rri ta ti o n o r i nfl a mm a ti o n I ca n say wi t h D r S to ck . .

to n t h a t hy dro na p htho l i s a v e r y g o o d a nt i se p t ic f o r a ny c a se s
,

o f p ast ulc e ra ti o n .

D R D W I N E L L E z M r P re sid e nt a nd g e ntl e m e n I h a r dly

.
—
.
,

k no w wh a t to say o n thi s subj e c t I ( lid not h e a r the o th e r .

p a p e r t h a t ha s b e e n r e f e r r e d to b u t I mu s t t a k e o cc asi o n to
,
.

c o mm e nd ou r w or thy f ri e nd D r A tki nson f or his p a p e r a nd ,

.
,

r e m a r k s t hi s e v e ni ng I thi nk the li ne O f p ra c tic e th a t he ha s

.

i ndic a te d i s c o rre c t a nd I thi nk w e a r e u nd e r m o re Oblig a ti o ns

,

to him p e rh a p s t h a n t o a lm o st a ny o ne i n t he p ro f e ssi o n
, , .

We a s d e nti sts h a v e ta ugh t t he m e dic a l p ro f e ssi o n a g re a t

, ,

m a ny l e sso n s t h a t h a v e b e e n p a r ticul a r ly v a lu a bl e t o th e m we
h a v e i ntro duc e d ne w a r ti cl e s to th e i r pha rm a co pceia a nd h a v e
giv e n th e m a g re a t m a ny ne w a nd v a lu a bl e id e a s Th e y a re .

b e gi nni ng to a ck no wl e dg e th a t o u rs is a S p e ci a l ty o f i tse lf ra th e r ,

tha n a b r a nch o f t he m e dic a l p ro fe ssi o n I n m a ny d e p a rtm e nts .

th e y re g a r d us a s e xclu siv e r a th e r t h a n cc o p e ra t iv e ; in m a ny
,
-

d e p a rtm e nts w e no t o nly c o v e r the g ro u nd O f d e nti stry a s th e y .

h a v e v o uch sa fe d to p e rmi t us t o c a ll it b ut al so a li ne o f p ra c tic e ,

which is v e ry ge ne ra l a nd which c o v e rs th ei r d e p a rtm e nts to a

l a rg e e x te nt ; d e p a r tm e nts which w o uld ne v e r h a v e b e e n c o v e re d
b ut f o r t he p ra c t ic e o f o u r p r o f e ssi o n I n m a ny d e p a rtm e nts .
,
4 19 TH E A R C H I V E S OF DE N T I S TR Y .

es p e ci a lly i n the t re a tm e nt o f di se a se s o f the a ntrum th e y h a v e ,

b e e n willi ng t o s it a t o u r f e e t a nd l e a rn wi sd o m W e h a v e b e e n .

p a rticul arly h a ppy in i ntr o duci ng ne w re m e di a l e l e m e nts whi ch

t h e y h a v e a d o p te d a nd which h a v e b e e n a ck no wl e dg e d to b e

g re a tly t o the i r b e ne fi t S a licylic a cid i s o ne o f th e m th a t th e y

.

h a v e gl a dly a dd e d to t h e i r o w n d e p a rt m e nt Th e y ha v e l e ar ne d .

s o m e v e ry v a lu a bl e l e sso ns f r o m u s i n r e sp e c t t o bichl o r id e o f

m e r cury p e ro xid e of hyd ro ge n a nd sulphu ri c a cid Th e y h av e

,
.

l e a rne d wh a t th e y ne v e r k ne w b e fo re tha t by p ro p e r t rea tme nt ,

wi t h sulphu r i c a cid w e a re e na bl e d to e sta bli sh a li ne O f d e m a rk

a t i o n b e t w e e n livi ng a nd d e a d t i ssu e O f c o u rse th e se i nno va .
,

t i ons o n o u r p a r t a pp e a re d r idicul o u s t o t h e m a t fi rst b u t th e i r ,

m o d e sty has g o tte n t he b e tt e r O f t he m a nd t h e y a re willi ng t o ,

l e a rn wi sdo m f ro m u s i n th a t re sp e c t T hi s ha s b e e n p a rti e n .

l a r] y u se f ul to t he m i n g e ne ra l p r a c t ic e i n a l l c a ses of ne c r osi s ,

O f e nl a r g e d t i ssu e s t he sulphu r ic a cid t re a t m e nt i s alm o st i ndi s

,

é n i b l I n t he r e p r o duc t i o n o f ne w b o ne n w t i ssu e i t i
'

s e e
p . s ,
'
,

a ck no wl e dg e d t h a t w e ar e sup e r i o r t o t he m e dic a l f ra te r ni ty i n

m a ny r e sp e c ts .

F ro m a cu rso ry Vi e w o f D r Atki nso n s p a p e r I a m v e ry

’
.
,

ha ppy f o r o ne t h a t he ha s giv e n i t t o u s I be li e ve wi th D r . .

S to ck to n tha t i t i s o ne o f t he m o st v a lu a bl e c o nt ribu t i o ns t o
,

o u r p r o f e ssi o n t h a t ha s e v e r b e e n e x t e nd e d t o u s D r A t ki nson . .

has be e n a v a lu a bl e t e a ch e r t o u s a nd a b o v e a l l a p ra c t ic a l ,

t e a c he r .I k ne w D r A t ki nso n wh e n he w a s y o u nger tha n he

.

i s no w a nd wh e n he w a s d e e m e d e x t ra v a g a nt i n hi s l a ng ua g e
,
-

a nd id e as a nd he w a s so m e tim e s subj e c t e d t o r idicul e b ut no w

, ,

he ha s e duc a te d us so t h a t w e h a v e c o m e up t o a high e r p o si t i o n
w he re we c a n a pp re ci a t e wh a t he say s I l o o k f o r w a r d to t he .

d ay wh e n hi s m o st e x tra v a g a nt e xp r e ssi o ns will b e a cc e pt e d a nd

a d o p te d a s the st a nd ar d o f t h e o r y a nd p ra c t ic e i n o ur p r o f e ssi o n .

N O o ne ha s pl a c e d t he p ro fe ssi o n u nd e r m o r e Oblig at i o ns t h a n
D r A t ki nso n
. .

DR . O S M UN M r Pre sid e nt and m e mb e rs o f the Ce ntra l

—
.

D e ntal A sso ci at i o n I c a nno t l e t thi s p a p e r p ass wi th o u t my

,

v o ic e b e i ng ra i se d i n c o mm e nd a ti o n of i t I a m th ankful I w as .

p e rmi tte d t o sit h e re a nd li ste n to D r A tki nso n s l e ctu re tw o

’
.

m o nth s a go I h a v e li ste ne d to m any p a p ers b ut I do not

.
,
 SO C I E T IE S .
JA 3

t hi nk I e v e r re c e iv e d the a m o u nt o f i nstruc ti o n f ro m a ny o th e r
p a p e r th a t I h a v e r e c e iv e d f ro m th a t I a m gl a d th a t he ha s
‘

no t b e e n c a ll e d a b o v e b e fo re l e a vi ng t h e se t hi ng s o n r e c o r d .

S o m e thi ng s which he sa id i n th a t p a p e r I sh o uld lik e to

e mph a s iz e O ne i s the ne e d o f t he su rgic a l tra i ni ng O f d e nt i st s
. .

I t w as my go o d f o r tu ne to sp e nd t w o y e a rs u nd e r D r R o b e r t .

N e w to n O f N e w Y o r k w ho w a s my p r e c e p to r w h e n I w a s
, ,

st udyi ng m e dici ne a nd
y o u k no w he w a s a su r g e o n O f high
,

ra nk a nd re pu te Wh e n I w e nt i nto de nti stry I t h ough t th a t

.

t h a t t w o y e a rs ti m e w as e nt i re ly w aste d b u t no w I w i sh I ha d
-
’
,

ha d fi v e y e a r s I wi sh I ha d t e n y e ars t o S p e nd i n the sa m e w ay
,

i n t he study O f a na t o my phy si o l o gy a nd su rg e ry “ li en I
I

,
.

m e e t wi t h di fli c ul t c a se s I r e g re t th a t t h a t t im e w a s no t l e ng th
e ne d , a nd th a t I did no t p ay a li t tl e m o re a tt e nt i o n t o the

t e a ch i ng i n t he li ne O f su r g e ry I a m no t as O l d a m an a s D r . .

S to ck to n b u t I wi sh a s he d o e s t h a t I w a s a y o u nge r m a n S O
, , ,

t h a t I migh t ta k e a c o u rse i n su rg e ry D r A tki nso n i s still . .

fu rt h e r a l o ng in y e ars a nd I h a v e g o ne b ut a li ttl e w ay I
, .

w a nt t o e m ph a siz e t h a t p o i nt t h a t d e nti sts ne e d to p ay m o re ,

a t te nti o n t o the su rgic a l t r e a t m e nt o f t he m o u t h

,
Ti m e sp e nt .

in t he study o f su rg e ry will ne v e r b e l o st t im e I t is so m e t hi ng .

t h a t the d e nt i st will fi nd t o c o m e i n pl a y e v e ry da y O f hi s lif e .

O nly a f e w d ay s a go I had a c a se of i ncipi e nt ne c ro si s c a u se d ,

by t he d i fli e ul t e rup t i o n o f t wo wi sd o m t e e th I ha d ne v e r .
'

b e f o re se e n such a se ve re c a se f ro m th a t c a u se A y o u ng .

ge ntl e m a n O f t w e nty t w o o r t w e nty fo u r y e a rs ca me i n w i t h a

- -

sligh t s w e lli ng o n t he l o w e r j a w a nd c o mpl a i ne d o f p a i n i n t h a t ,

re gi o n .I sa w he w a s e rup ti ng a t hi rd m o l a r I l a nc e d it a nd .

he w e nt a w a y I n t w o o r th re e da y s he w a s to h a v e his fi na l
.

e x a mi na t i o n a t P r i nc e to n Wh e n he c a m e in a ga i n f o u r o r fi v e
.
,

d ay s l a te r it wa s a lm o st imp o ssi b l e to ge t his m o u th Op e n m o re

,

t h a n a qu a rte r o f a n i nch A t t he c o rne r o f t he m o nth th e re

.

w a s a sw e lli ng e x te ndi ng a ro u nd to the sy m phisis O f t he j a w ,

i nvo lvi ng the mu scl e s th a t c o ntro l its m o v e ment s I t ri e d t o .

t he m o u t h o p e n b u t c o uld no t e t ro o m e no ugh to r e a c h
p yr , g
t he wi sd o m te e th I to o k o u t t he tw e lf th y e a r m o l a r; wh ich
.
- -

w a s p e rfe c tly so u nd a nd a m j u st b e gi nni ng to ge t t he c a se

,
’
u nd e r c o ntro l no w a f te r f o u r o r fi v e w ee k s t re a tm e nt 1 h a v e .
414 TH E A R C HI V E S OF DEN TI S TR Y .

u se d so m e O f the re m e di es t h a t D r A tki nso n sp ok e O f the .

o t h e r nigh t t h e y c a m e i n e xc e ll e ntly .

D R L U C KEY
. I w o uld lik e t o ask D r O sm u n to giv e u s the
—
.

s p e cific t r e a t m e nt o f t he c a se he has d e sc r ib e d .

DR . O S M U N z I t r e a te d i t a s m o st O f y o u w o uld
—
A f te r .

r e m o vi ng t he t w e lf th y e a r m o l ar I w a ite d a d a or t w o w a sh e d
y
-

o u t t he c a vi ty wi t h hy d r o na pht ho l a nd a l so wi t h c a mph o ,

h e ni u e a nd the ne x t d a c o nt i nu e d the sa m e t re a tm e nt
p q , y .

T h e re w as a n e xud a t i o n o f pu s f ro m t he so ck e t t o w ard s the

s y mp h isi s o f the j a w I i nse r te d a l anc e t a nd m a de an Op e ni ng
h a lf a n i nc h l o ng a nd w a sh e d i t o u t w i t h hy d ro na phtho l I
,
.

c o uld no t ge t t he m o u t h Op e n f a r e no ugh t o ge t b e hi nd t he

se cond m o l a r e v e n by p ryi ng ; w ra pp e d c o tto n a rou nd a sm a ll

,

b r e a ch a nd p a i nte d t he p a r ts wi t h i o di ne t o r e duc e t he i nfla m

m a ti o n Th e r e w e re so m e p o i nts th at S h o w e d signs o f ne cro si s
. .

I w a sh e d ou t t he c a vi ty wi th a tw e nty fi v e pe r c ent so l uti on O f -

a r o m a t ic sulphu ri c a cid a nd c o nt i nu e d t h a t e v ery o t h e r d a

, y .

E a ch day i t g re w b e tte r I t i s no t w e ll ye t Thi s m orni ng I

. .

o t no p u s wh e n w a shi ng i t o u t b u t f r o m t he a pp e ara nc e O f t he
g ,

p ar ts o n the i nsid e O f the j a w l o w d o w n by the ro o t O f the t hi r d

,

m o l a r a m f e ar ful t ha t t h e re i s a li ttl e ne c ro si s O f t he so ck e t
,
-

a r o u nd t he t hi rd m o l ar I bu rre d ou t the so ck e t of the t welfth

.

y e ar m o l ar a nd di si nf e c te d t h o r o ughly I h a v e u se d p e ro xi d e .

O f hyd r o g e n f or t he pu rp o se o f d e t e r mi ni ng w he t he r the r e w as

a ny p u s p re se nt I use it o nly as a n i ndic a to r t o fi nd wh e th e r

t h e re i s p u s p re se nt t h e n I u se t he O l d sta nd b y S O highly
,
-

r e c o m m e nd e d the o t h e r e v e ni ng I h ave nod oub t t h a t I S h all

.

h a v e to b ur o u t p a r t O f t he b o ne a ro u nd t he t hi r d m o l ar .

D R O T T O L E N G U l z M r P resid e nt I will r e l a t e a c ase which

.
—
.
,

i s i n the li ne o f t he p a p er a nd e sp e ci a lly wi t h t he re m ar k s O f
D r O sm
,

. u n Th e re w a s i n D r At ki nso n s p a p e r a n a llu si o n to
.
’
,
.
,

p e r ni tr a te O f m e r cu ry a nd I t h o u gh t y o u m igh t lik e to h e a r O f
,

a c a se wh e re i t w a s u se d by so m e o ne e l se T he c ase I S p e a k o f .

w a s o ne o f a nchyl osi s f ro m f a ilu r e t o e x tra c t t he roo t of a

wi sd o m to o th Anchyl o si s se t i n a nd the d e nt i st to ld t he ge n
.
,

t l e m a n he w o uld b e o blig e d t o w a i t u nt il the j a w Op e ne d b e for e

t he r o o t c o uld b e t a k e n o u t T he ge ntl e m a n w e nt W e st a nd
. .

w h il st he w a s W e st hi s j a w did Op e n b ut he did not h a v e ,

 SO C IE T IE S . 4 15

s u ffici e nt co nfid e nc e i n We ste rn ta l e nt to h a v e t he Op e ra ti o n pe r

fo rm e d t he re a nd wh e n he re tu rne d to N e w a rk the a nc hyl o si s
,

re tu r ned wi t h him Wh e t h e r t he a tm o sph e re O f N e w a rk ha d

.

a ny t hi ng t o d o wi t h t h a t I do no t k no w H e th e n w a nd e re d
,
.

o v e r t o N e w Y o r k a nd f e ll i nt o my ha nd s I fo u nd th a t his .

t e e t h w e re a l mo st o cclud e d by t he t e ns i o n O f the mu scl e s ; t h e r e

w as c o nsid e ra bl e s w e lli ng a nd t e nd e r ne ss to the t o uch Wi th a .

t o ngu e d e p re sso r I pull e d hi s to ngu e a sid e a nd f o u nd th a t t he

t ro ubl e so m e r o o t w as l o ose I e ssay e d to pry i t o ut a nd su c
.
,

c e e de d i n t ippi ng i t i nto t he m o u th i t Wa s o ne of t h o se t h re e
r o o t e d wi sd o m t e e th a nd the t hi r d ro o t re m a i ne d i n the j a w
,
I .

a sk e d hi m t o c o m e i n a nd s e e m e a g a i n i n the c o u r se O f a w e e k

o r t wo Wh e n he r e tu rne d a g a i n I succ e e d e d wi th o u t diffi cul ty

.
,

i n g e tt i ng o u t t he re m a i nd er o f t he roo t A t b o t h of t h e se .

vi si ts he ha d his f a c e b a nd a g e d a nd t h e re w as a n Op e ni ng a t ,

a b o u t the a ngl e O f the j a w I ask e d hi m wh at he w a s h a vi ng

.

d o ne H e sa id his phy sici an o v e r i n N e w ar k w a s a tte ndi ng t o

.

th a t . I t h ough t i t w a s c o u rte sy to l e a v e the phy sici a n ta k e

c a re o f it so I v o l unte e re d no i nf o r m at i o n o n the subj e c t
,
.

I did not se e him a ga i n f o r six w e e k s ; th en he c a m e in wi th

o ut t he b a nd a g e b u t wi th a sw e lli ng a t the a ngl e of the j a w i n
, ,
.

a pp e a r a nc e lik e a blu e plum a nd a b o u t t he siz e o f o ne h a lf o r ,

-

t w o thi rd s O f o ne
-
Th e re w e re t w o o p e ni ng s i n i t Th e re w a s
. .

no di sch arg e o f p us b u t I c o uld f o rc e i t o ut

,
E a ch o ne O f th e se .

li ttl e o p e ni ng s w a s c o v e r e d wi th a li ttl e pl a ste r which I fo u nd ,

to b e c o mp o se d o f sug a r a nd b ro w n so a p I t se e m s th a t he .

fi na lly go t t i re d o f t h a t ki nd O f t re a tm e nt a nd c a m e b a ck t o
N e w Y o rk I ask e d him if the so ck e t O f the wi sd o m to o th ha d ’

h e a l e d up H e sa id y e s O n e xpl o ra t i o n I fo u nd th a t i t had
. .

no t h e a l e d a t a l l a nd u p o n p r o bi ng I f o und d e a d b o ne I t w as .

so f a r b a ck a w w a s so di fficul t t o Op e n t h a t I w a s
a nd t he ,j ,

p ro b a bly a n h o u r w o rki ng a t i t b e f o re I w a s sa ti sfi e d th a t I had

d rill e d o ut a l l the d e a d b o ne I d rill e d e nti re ly th ro ugh the .

b o ne u si ng my i mpl a nta ti o n re a m e rs Th e n it w a s th a t I u se d
,
.

t he p e r ni t ra te o f m e rcu ry I i nse rte d i t v e ry c a re fully in the

.

f o ll o wi ng m a nne r : W ra ppi ng a v e ry sm a ll qu a nti ty a b o u t the ,

siz e o f h a lf o f a pe a i n a sm a ll c o ne o f t i ssu e p a p e r I i nse r te d

, ,

.i t i n e a ch o p e ni ng i n t he m a ss o f p ro ud fl e sh a s i t migh t b e ,
4 16 TH E A R CH I V E S OF DE N TI S R T Y .

c a ll e d I told t he g e nt l e m a n he w o uld su fle r p a i n fr o m i t f o r
'

t w o h o u rs o r m ore a nd di re c t e d him t o c a ll o n m e t he ne x t da y
,

I n the m o rni ng wh e n I got t o t he Offic e he w a s

’
a t 3 o cl o ck .
, ,

t h e re H e sa id he ha d suffe re d t he to r tu r e sy of H a d e s u nt il
.

se v e n h o u r s ha d p a sse d a nd t h e n he sa id
, I to o k it o u t I"
, .

’
sa id , Y o u t oo k i t o u t 3 a nd he sa id Fo r h e a v e n s sa k e ! y o u
,

did no t put m ore than o ne O f th o se t hi ng s in Z I sa id Y e s .

I put t w o i n I fou nd tha t the lump O f p ro ud fl e sh ha d

.
”

e nt i r e ly di sa pp e a r e d t h e re w a s no t ra c e O f t he sw e lli ng : o n t he
c ontrary t h e r e w a s a d e p re ssi o n wh e re it had b e e n a nd t h a t
, .

d e p r e ssi on mu st O f ne c e ssi ty h a v e h ee n m a d e by a sl oughi ng

o ut c a u se d by t he p e rni t r a t e I ta k e it t ha t the a c ti on O f the
.

d r ug i s lik e t hi s a lt h o ugh y o u put i n a qu ant i ty th at w o uld b e

d a ng e r o u s if i t w e re a ssimil a t e d i ts a c t i on i s so e x cessiv e t h a t
,

a nu t r i e nt a c t ivi ty i s se t up a g a i nst i t a nd i t i s e ncy st e d t he r e ~

fo re i t d o e s no t e at up much of t he no r m a l t i ssu e I t t oo k m e
,
.

th r e e d a y s t o ge t o ut the sl o u gh a nd t o th o r o ughly cl e a nse t he

,

c a vi ty T O i nduc e h e a li ng by g ra nul a ti o n I u se d fi v e p e r c e nt
.
, .

m e nt h o l in liquid glyc e r i ne Th a t i s al l I u se d sub se qu e ntly a nd

.
,

i t w a s v e r y sa ti sf a c t o ry T he se d re ssi ng s w e r e m a d e w i th co t
.

t o n dipp e d in a so lu ti o n o f m e nt h o l a nd glyc e r i ne a pl e dg e t l a id ,

i n t he w o u nd a nd st ra pp e d d o w n wi t h bibul o u s p a p e r I n six .

t e e n d a y s t he f a c e ha d e nt i re ly h e a l e d a nd t he sc a r w as s c a r c e ly
,

p e rc e p t ibl e I t hi nk t he p e rni tra te of m e r cu ry ha d a g r e a t d e a l

.

t o d o wi t h the sati sf a c t ory m a nne r i n which t he w o u nd h e a l e d .

D R “ A T K IN S F ro m the di scu ssi o n thi s e v eni ng I sho u l d

'
'

—
.

j udg e t h a t the p a p e r r e a d a t t he l a st m e e ti ng w as so m e thi ng a

li tt l e u nu su a l a nd I r e g re t v e ry much th a t I w a s u na bl e t o b e
,

h e re a nd he a r i t B ut I w a nt t o say a t t hi s t im e t hat I h a v e
.

a lw a y s b e e n v e r y m uch i nte r e st e d i n D r A t ki nso n : I h a v e .

he a r d him say so m e r e m a rk a bl e t hi ng s a nd u se so m e e x tra v a

g a nt l a ngu a g e a t t im e s a nd I h a v e h e ar d so m e g e ntl e m e n
,

r e m ark t h a t he had d o ne m o r e ha r m t o t he p ro f e ssi o n t h a n

g o o d a nd th a t hi s id e a l w a s S O hig h t h a t no one c o uld re a ch i t

, .

B ut I h a v e a lw ay s cl a i m e d t ha t a l t ho ugh t he d o c t o r s r e m a rk s
’
,

w e re at t im e s a li ttl e e x tra v a g ant it w as w e ll to h a ve a high ,

id e al Th e r e i s v e ry li ttl e d a ng er O f y o u ng m e n i n t ryi ng t o
.

r e a ch hi s id e a l a ll o wi ng t he m se lv e s t o b e c a r r i e d a w a y t o t he i r
 SO C I E T IE S . 4 17

d a m a g e by a t te mp ti ng to d o w h a t the d o c to r w o uld do I f th e y .

re a ch o ne h a lf -

t he id e a l t h e y will p ro b a bly b e much b e tte r

d e nti sts tha n th e y w o uld b e if th e y ha d ne v e r h e a rd D r A tki n .

so n sp e a k I w as v e ry m uch imp re sse d wh e nI fi rst he ard him

.
,

a nd I t hi nk I a m a v e ry much b e tt er d e nt i st f o r h a vi ng ha d t he

pl e asu re a nd p r ivil e ge O f li ste ni ng to him m a ny t im e s I .

r e m e m b e r wh e n D r A tki nso n re a d a p a p e r b e f o re t he F irst

.

Di stric t S o ci e ty o f N e w Y o r k so m e y e a rs a go o n c re o so te a nd
, , ,

to me i t w a s the b e st p a p e r t h a t I e v e r h e a rd the d o c to r re a d .

I a m not su re bu t it w o uld b e a v e ry g oo d thi ng to h a v e t h a t

p a p e r re a d a g a i n or h a v e i t r e w ri tte n a nd re a d b e f o re a d e nta l
,
-

so ci e ty a t t he p r e se nt d ay .

I ta k e c o nsid e ra bl e i nte re st i n su rge ry a nd gene rally pay ,

m o re a tte nt i o n t o the re m o v a l o f the ne c ro se d b o ne i n ca se s o f ,

ne c ro si s t h a n t o t he a f te r t re a tm e nt
,
I thi nk i t i s m o re i mp o r
.

t a nt. I f t he c a u se b e t h oro ughly re m o v e d i t will no t re qui re ,

much tre a t m e nt I ha d a c a se wh e re t h e re w a s a sw e lli ng a t

.

t he a ngl e o f t he j a w S imil ar t o a blu e plum wi t h a fi stu l o u s ,

Op e ni ng U p on e x a mi na t i o n I f o u nd a pi e c e o f the r o ot O f a
.

l o w e r m o l a r a nd a l so c o nsid e ra bl e ne c ro se d b o ne r e m o v e d the
,

r o o t a nd c u t a w a y t he ne c ro se d b o ne f o r h a lf a n i nch o r m o re
,

sy r i ng e d o u t the c a vi ty wi t h a w e a k so lu t i o n O f bichl or id e O f

m e rcu ry t he n pl a c e d so m e i o d o f o r m o n c o tto n in it a nd l e t the

, , ,

p a t i e nt go A t t he e nd O f t h re e d ay s I re p e a t e d t he bi chl o r id e
.

a nd i o d o f o r m t re a t m e nt T he c a vi ty g ra du a lly fill e d up wi t h
.

ne w g ra nul a ti o ns a nd i n t w o o r th re e w e e k s w a s e nt i re ly fill e d
, ,

so t h a t a pl e dg e t O f c o tto n w o uld no l o ng e r r e m a i n i n i t T he .

o p e ni ng i n t he cl ose d by th a t t im e a nd no m o re pu s c a m e
j a w ,

f ro m i t I n a y e a r the sc a r ha d a lm o st e nti re ly di sa pp e a r e d I t
.
.

h e a l e d f ro m the o u tsid e i nw a rdly .

D r D wi ne l l e re fe rre d t o thi ng s th a t t he d e nti st ha d ta ugh t

.

the phy sici a n a nd I w a nt t o s p e a k o f a sugg e st i o n th a t D r

, .

W alk e r g a v e us a y e a r o r t w o ago in r e g a rd t o the u se o f s ali

cyl i c a cid i n c a nk e r so re s I c o nsid e r th a t o ne o f the h a ndi e st
.

re m e di e s t h a t a d e nt i st c a n h a v e i n his Offic e i s sa licylic a cid f o r

,

u se i n c a se s O f c a nk e r so re s We f re qu e ntly h a v e p a ti e nts in
.

wh o se m o u th s c a nk e r so re s a re v e ry t ro ubl e so m e a nd it is ,

a lm o st imp o ssi bl e to w o rk i n t he m o u th wh e n th e y are p re se nt .

418 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN T I S T R Y .

I to uch t h e m wi th t he u ra te d so lu ti o n O f
sa t licyli c a cid in
sa

a lc o ho l a nd I go o n
,
w i t h my w o r k wi th o u t a ny t ro ubl e f r o m

the c a nk e r so r e .

D r M e e k e r wh e n he w as o n his f e e t S p o k e O f dippi ng sil k

.
, ,

fl o ss i n liquid gu tta p e r ch a a nd c a rryi ng i t i nto the pulp c a nal s

-

I w ant t o S ay fi rst tha t I i nv a ri a bly d r ill o ut my c a nal s wi th

,

M ore y d rill s o r G a te s G l iddo n d ril l s th e n wip e the m o ut not

-

,
—

fl o o di ng t h e m wi t h O il O f c a j e pu t o r O il o f t e rrab e n th e n m a k e
—
,

a li ttl e co ne O f gu tt a p e r ch a a nd c a r ry i t up i n t he c a na l
-

T he .

O il di sso lv e s the su rf a c e O f t he gu tt a p e r ch a which h er m e t ic a lly -

se a l s up t he c a na l .

D r O ttol e ngui m a d e so m e re m a rk s e igh t o r t en month s

.

a go i n r e g a r d to r o tte n gu t ta p e r ch a I ha d o cc a si on to o p en
-

r e c e ntly a c a na l w hich I fill e d wi th liquid gu tt a p e r ch a chl o ro -

gutta p e rch a wh e n i t w a s fi rst i ntro duc e d I thi nk i n 1 881 I

-

, ,

e x tra c t e d the t oo t h a f e w w e e k s a go a nd c ra ck e d t he ro o t s ,

dpe n a nd I f o u nd e v e ry p a r ticl e of t he gu tta p e r ch a a s sw e e t

,
-

a nd h ar d a nd d ry a nd cl e a n
,
a s i t w a s a n h o u r a f te r i t w a s
,

i nse rte d .

D R BON WI LL
. M r P re sid e nt I did no t h e a r a w o r d O f the
—
.
,

p a p e r b u t I l oo k e d o v e r i t v ery r a pidly t hi s a f te rnoon T he

, .

ge ne ra l su bj e c t has b e e n ta k e n up a nd di scu sse d a nd the g ro u nd ,

ha s b e e n c o v e re d e xc e p t i n o ne thi ng th a t i s i n re ga r d to —
,

e t hic s the r e l a ti o ns b e t w e e n m e mb e r s O f t he p ro f e ssi o n

,
I do .

no t t hi nk h e t o uch e d u p o n the e thic s O f the p r o f e ssi o n a t a l l .

I t se e m s t o m e th a t t h a t i s a p ra c t ic a l p art o f de ni stry a sid e ,

f ro m the o p e ra ti ng m e ch anic a l a nd su rgi ca l p a r ts th a t sh o uld

, ,

b e l o o k e d i nto m o re mi nute ly a nd c a re fully a nd S h o uld b e m o re ,

highly r e sp e c te d th a n it i s a nd u nt il w e do it i t i s u se l e ss f or ,

u s t o l o o k f o r t he high e r re l a t i o ns t h a t e xi st a t t he p re se nt t im e

a m o ng m e dic a l m e n W e h a v e a mpl e ro om f o r imp ro ve m e nt

.
,

no t o nly i n the d e nta l b ut i n the m e dic a l p ro f e ssi on Wi thi n a .

w e e k I h a v e ha d t w o c ase s O f ne c ro si s which ha d b e e n u nd e r
tre a t m e nt by m e dic a l m e n wi t h o u t b e ne fi t I thi nk the de nti sts .
‘

d o a s w e ll i n such c ase s a s the m e dica l m e n B o t h so m e tim e s .

m a k e se r i o u s m i sta k e s T he m e dic a l me n sh o uld se nd to u s the

.

c ase s t h at b e l o ng e sp e ci a lly to d e nt i stry and w e S h o uld se nd to ,

t h e m the c ase s th a t b e l o ng t o t h e m Whil e m e dic a l m e n are .

 SO C IE T I E S . 4 19

re s p e c ti ng us m o re highly th a n t hey f o rm e rly did st ill u ntil , ,

w e ge t i nto cl o se r p ro f e ss i o na l re l a ti o ns wi th th e m i t i s O f no ,

u se f o r us t o h o p e t o g a i n t h e i r e nt i re c o nfid e nc e a nd e st e e m .

O ne O f t he c ase s o f ne c ro si s th a t I h a v e re f e r re d t o se v e ra l ,

m e dic a l m e n had tre a te d wi th o u t e ff e c ti ng a cu re A t l as t i t .

,

f e ll i nto my h a nd s th ro ugh a m e dic a l f ri e nd se ndi ng the e a se to

me . H o w l o ng did it t a k e t o cu r e A v e r S h ort tim e i nd e e d f
.

I t o nly to o k a b o u t t h re e mi nu te s e x a mi na ti on wi th my e xpl o r i ng
ne e dl e t o fi nd a pi e c e o f d e a d b o ne a nd r e m o v e i t Th a t w a s a l l .

t h a t w a s ne c e ssa r y e xc e p t to w ip e o u t the c a vi ty wi t h t he u su a l
,

re m e di e s Thi s g e ntl e m an ha d no t b e e n w e ll f o r tw o y e a rs a nd
.
,

t h e y w e re givi ng him t i nc t u re s a nd t o nic s a nd e v e ry thi ng O f

th a t ki nd i nste a d O f re m o vi ng t h a t d e a d b o ne ; b u t I sa w a nd
,

t o ld hi m t h a t t h er e w a s st ill a c a u se r e m a i ni ng i n th e r e I t w as .

the sup e r i o r j a w a nd t he fi r st a nd se c o nd bicu spid s w e re b o th

,

g o ne I w.a s sa t i sfi e d t h a t t h e re w a s a p o r t i o n O f a r o o t r e m a i n

i ng . I m a d e an e x a m i na ti on a nd fo u nd a pi e ce of a roo t of a
se c o nd bicu spid t e e th I re m o v e d it I w as sa ti sfi e d it w o uld
. .

re qui r e no m o r e t re a t m e nt Fo u r o r fi v e we e k s after th a t he
.

c a m e b a ck a nd i t w a s a l l h e al e d
,
.

A g re a t m any c a se s o f th at ki nd h a v e fa ll e n i nto my h a nd s
t h r o ugh my i nt ro duc ti o n t o P ro f G ro sse O f J e ff e rso n C o ll e g e .
, .

A nd th a t l e a d s m e to say t h a t th e se t hi ng s p ro v e the t r u th o f
wh a t D r A tki nso n has t r i e d t o te a ch u s the ne c e ssi ty O f the
.
,

d ent i st u nd e rsta ndi ng the phil o so phy O f i nfl a mm a ti o n a nd its

e fle ct up o n the so f t t i ssu e s a nd up o n the b o ne ; a nd w h e n he
'

u nd e rsta nd s t h at he ne e d s v e ry lit tl e e l se b e sid e s e xp e ri e nc e so ,

f ar a s d e nti st ry i s c o nc e rne d .

I say study su rge ry a s much a s yo u ca n a nd cul tiv ate e thic a l

, ,

re l a t i o ns b e t w e e n y o u rse lv e s a nd the m e mb e rs o f the m e dic a l

p ro fe ssi o n a nd w e will re c e iv e th a t h igh e r re sp e c t w hich we do

,

no t no w dc se rv e x
D R . BAR LO W
w o uld lik e to say a w o r d i n r e l a ti o n to
-

I
hydro na phtho l a s D r S to ck to n a nd D r M e e k e r h a v e m e nti o ne d
,
. .

it. I ha d a S ky e te rri e r a v e ry v a lu a bl e dog th at w as tro ubl e d

, ,

wi th a c ank e re d e a r f o r nea rly t w o y e a rs I had the dog tre a te d .

by f o u r o r fi v e v e t e ri na ry su rg e o ns wi th o u t b e ne fi ti ng him i n
an wa
y y T h e d o
g w a
. s n e a rly c ra zy a t t im e s I fi na lly sy r i ng e d .
4 20 TH E A R C HI V E S OF DE N T T IS R Y .

hi s e ars twic e e v e ry
b o u t th re e w e e k s wi th hydro naph
d ay f o r a

t h o l so lu t i o n a nd he i s e nt i re ly cu r e d
,
B e for e t h a t the e ars .
,

w e re r u nni ng c o nt i nu ally a nd b e c a m e v e ry Offe nsiv e I t S h o w s

, .

t he e ffi c a cy o f t h a t re m e dy .

D R L U C K E Y z M r P re sid e nt b e f o re t he p a p e r i s p a sse d I
.
— .
, ,

w ant to th a nk D r A tki nson f o r it and the ta lk he has gi v e n u s

.

to nigh t .I t se e m s to m e t h a t the di scu ssi on ha s n o t b e e n v e ry

cl ose ly c o nfi ne d to the p a p e r I t hi nk I ca n ge t f ro m i t so m e
'

illumi na ti o n a nd a g re a t d e al O f store d ra di a ncy W e h a v e ha d

,
.

O fli ce p ra c t ic e d e nta l e thic s and a lm o st e v e ry thi ng e l se ha s

, ,

b e e n t a k e n i n t o night i n the di scu ssi o n I b e li e v e wi th D r

-
.
, .

Atki nso n t h at th er e i s a l a ck O f S pi ri t a m ong the co ll e ge s th at

,
.

t h e y h a v e no t gi v e n u s t r u e li ne s t o f o ll o w f o r o ur imp ro v e m e nt
a nd d e v e l o pm e nt I f w e will study de eply as the d o ctor se e m s
.
,
.

t o h a v e d o ne th r o ugh hi s life to ge t a t the f o u nd a ti o n the b asi s , ,

.

f fu nc t i o na l a c t ivi ty a nd f oll o w it up f ro m t he a m e b a th ro ugh

o ,

the wh o l e li ne O f a nim a l lif e t o t he pi nna cl e O f h um a np e rf e c t i o n, ,

w e will b e muc h m o r e c a p a bl e O f t r e a t i ng t h e se c ases t h a t h a v e

b e e n p re se nte d h ere u nd er i ncid e nts O f Offic e p ra ct ic e I thi nk .
,

if w e w e re m o re f a mili ar wi th t h e se studi e s O f the fu nc t i o na l

a c t ivi t i e s o f the b o dy w e w o uld k no w t he re a so ns O f t he p a t h o
,

l o gic a l c o ndi t i o ns as w e fi nd t h e m e xi sti ng and b e be tt e r a bl e to ,

t re a t t h e m wi th c o nfid e nc e a nd wi t h succ e ss wh e n t h e y a re p re
’
se nt e d t o u s T he d o ctor s p a p e r w hil e i t i s b e y o nd m e i n a
.
,

g re at m a ny re sp e c t s and w o uld t a ke t he w hol e o f my v a c at i on

t hi s summ e r t o dig e st still I ca n se e t h a t it i s b e ne fici a l t o u s
,

a nd I h o p e t h a t ne x t O ct o b e r if t he d o c t o r S h o uld c o nt i nu e the ,

subj e c t w e will b e b e tt e r a bl e t o di scu ss i t a nd not b r i ng up

, ,

t h e se li ttl e i ncid e nt s O f Offic e p ra c t ic e such a s w e h a v e li st e ne d ,

t o t o nigh t
-

D R AT KI N S ON Th e r e ha s no t a ge ntl e m a n sp o k e n t o nigh t
‘
— -
-

w ho has no t c o nfi r m e d the d o c tr i ne s t h a t I h a v e b e e n t ryi ng t o

p ro mulga te Wh e th er I w a s f ort unta te e no ugh to b e u nd e r sto o d
.

o r not by a l l I a m su re I h a v e b e e n u nde rstoo d by so m e be tte r

,
.

t h an I h a v e b e e n b e f o r e ; a nd I t hi nk if w e S h o uld c o nt i nu e t hi s
v e ry subj e ct ne x t S e p te m b e r a nd t h e n ta k e up t hi s sa m e li ne o f ,

t h o ugh t w e w o uld l e arn a li ttl e a b o u t the d o c tr i ne s O f f o o d

, ,

p o i so n and re m e dy S O th at w e S h o uld se e i t w as so m e thi ng m o re

,
 SO C I E T I ES . 4 21

ta ngibl e t h a n w e h a v e supp o se d it to b e o r th a n the m e dic a l m e n

,

w ill a ck no wl e dge i t to b e Th e y say i t i s the st ro k e o f G o d

. .

E v e r v t hi ng i s a stro k e G o d i n a se nse ; e v e ry thi ng I S di re c te d

,

by a n o nm ipo te nt p o w e r I f y o u will l oo k i n yo u I w a sh b a si n
.
-

i n the m o r ni ng i n w hich the w a te r sta nd s y o u will fi nd a slim e

, ,

a dh e r i ng to t h e b a si n Wh a t i s t.h a t ? I t i s the b e gi nni ng o f

livi ng o rga ni sm i t i s the b e gi nni ng O f wh a t i s c a ll e d ge r m lif e
, ,

which w e ca n pl a i nly se e by pl a ci ng so m e of th i s slim e u nd e r a

mic ro sc o p e B e f ore w e ca n u nd e r sta nd wh a t func t i o n i s a nd the
.
,

a b e r ra t i o ns O f nor m a l fu nc t i o n w e mu st g o t o the f o u nd a t i o n
,

a nd se e wh a t are t he m o l e cul a r m e ta m o r ph o se s ; w e mu st l e a r n

so m e thi ng o f t he o r igi n a nd d e v e l o pm e nt O f t h e se mi nu te f o rm s

O f e ne rgy o f t he sa m e ki nd a nd w e m ay e t a v a lu a bl e l e sso n
g

f ro m S O S impl e a thi ng a s tl ie se mi v e g e ta bl e m atte r fo u nd I I I a

, g

b a si n O f ra i n w a te r
-
.

I did no t c are t o pu sh thi s a s f ar a s I co uld b e ca u se I did no t ,

w a nt to sc are y o u ; b u t w e mu st u nd e rsta nd the na tu re o f the

st r uc t u re s b e f o r e w e c a n i nte llig e ntly a pply the re m e dy t o t he

S ick t e rr i to r y .

Th ey ta lk a b o ut e v olu ti o n a s if i t w e re Opp o se d to c re a ti o n
, ,

whil e it i s simply a difle re ne e O f te rmi no l ogy I f it pl e a se d G od

'

t o c re a te t he u ni v e r se by the l a w s o f e v o lu t i o n wh o se b u si ne ss ,

i s it ? I t i s o ur bu si ne ss to l e a rn a s much a s w e ca n of t he o p e r
a t i o n of t h o se l a w s a nd t he w o rki ng O f the p o w e r by which
,

c er ta i n r el ati o nship s a r e m o re a g re e a bl e a nd o th e r s l ess a g re e a bl e

,
.

I t i s no t f o r al l m e n to t a k e the sa m e re m e dy wi th e qu a l b e ne fi t .

’ ’
Th e re i s an O l d sayi ng t h a t o ne m a n s f o o d i s a no t h e r m an s
'

p o i so n ; a nd i t i s t ru e by re a so n O f the p e culi ar re l at i o nship s o f

s o m e c o nst itu t i o ns M o st p e rso ns ca n e a t st ra wb e rr i e s wi th
.

i mpu ni ty b ut th e re a re so m e w ho are i nv a ri a bly sick e ne d by

,

t h e m no m a t te r ho w di sgui se d
,
.

I t i s the se fi ne m o v e m e nts o f e ne rgy th a t w e h a v e to study .

M y a dvic e t o y o u i s t o study phy si o l o gic a l ch e mi stry .

D R O S M U N m o v e d th at the p a p e r he l a id 0 11 the ta bl e u nti l

.

ne x t S e p te mb e r a nd b e t h e n ta k e n up a g a i n
, .

Adj o u rne d to the thi rd M o nd ay in S e p te mbe r .

4 22 A TH E R C HIV E S OF DE N
T TY I S R .

NE W JER S EY ST A TE D EN T AL S O CIE T Y .

T he t w e nt i e th u l se ssi on O f the N e w J e rsey S tate D e nta l

a nn a

S o ci e ty o p e ne d wi t h a go o d a tte nd a n c e o n W e dne sd ay m orni ng ,

July l 6th a t the C o l e m a n H o u se A sb ury Park N J I t i s a

, , , . .

p e culi a rly d e ligh tful pl a c e f or suc h a m ee t i ng O ld O c e a n wi th .

,

i ts a ng ry bre a k e r s d a shi ng up t he b e a ch i s b u t a f e w f e e t a w ay , ,

a sigh t o f which imp a r t s a f e e li ng O f r e st a nd re li e f t o t he w e a ry

w or k er .

T he m e e t i ng s w e r e full O f i nte re st a nd b e ne fi t Af te r a care .

ful a nd w e ll d e live re d a dd re ss by t he P re sid e nt D r W a tki ns

-

,
.
,

w ho a dv o c at e d a n O u t sid e B o a rd o f E x a mi ne rs i n D e ntal
“ ”

C o ll e ge E x a mi nati ons w ho sh o uld b e e nt i re ly f re e f ro m c o ll e g e

,

a ffi li a t i o ns a p a p e r w as r e a d by D r
, J A ll e n O smu n e nt i t l e d . .
,
“
Fro m Ano th e r Standpo i nt which w a s r e a lly a p a p e r on d e nta l ,
”

e duc a t i o n a dv o c a t i ng t he e nligh t e nm e nt O f the p e o pl e ra t h e r

, ,

t h a n the d e nt i st I t w as a bly di scu sse d by D r s L A shl e y

. . .

Faught R M S a uge r a nd C N Pi e rc e
,
. .
,
. . .

T he a f t ernoo n w as d e v o te d t o cli nic s which u nd er t he sup er , ,

vi si o n O f D r A d l e b e rg w e r e v e ry succ e ssful ; i ncludi ng b ridg e

.
,

w or k cr o w n w or k a nd o r di nary filli ng s o f v ar i o us m a te ri al s
, , ,

a nd the t re a t m e nt O f a c ase O f py o r r h oea a lv e o l a r i s I n the e v e n .

i ng D r W H T r u e m a n O f Phil a d e lphi a re a d a p a p e r up on
,
. . .
, ,
“
E rosi on which w as di scu sse d by D rs Ja s Trum an C N
,
”
. .
,
“

. .

Pi e rc e a nd P ro f : M ayr No thi ng p ar tic ul ar ly ne w w a s b ro ugh t

,
.

o u t by e i t h e r p a p e r o r di scu ssi o n the m a tt e r se t t li ng i t se lf d o w n ,

t o the o ne O l d f a c t t h a t ero si o n i s p r o b a bly du e t o t he p re se nce

O f a l o c a l a cid p ro b a bly f ro m the mucu s f o llicl e s of the li p
,
s;

a nd t he o nly cu re : t he u se O f a nt a cid s .

O n Thu rsd a y m o r ni ng P ro f M ay r d e liv e re d a l e c ture o n ,

.
‘

A cid s and Alk ali s w hi ch sho w e d th a t the d o ctor w a s th or

”
,
‘
~

o ughly up o n his subj e c t H e a dmi tte d th a t wi t h al l hi s

“
,
.

e xp e r i e nc e he w as a s y e t u na bl e to d e fi ne e i the r a n a cid or a n
,

a lk a li ; he simply k ne w t h a t o ne w as t he Opp o si t e o f t he o th e r i n

v aryi ng d e g re e s f ro m t h o se t ha t w e re v e ry d e cid e d and p rO

,

no u nc e d t o t h o se t h a t w ere h a r dly di st i ngui sha bl e f ro m e a ch

,

o th e r . I n sp e a ki ng O f micr o b e s he sta te d a s a p o si t iv e f a c t th a t , , ,

the g er m s o f e ry sip e l as w e r e the a nt id o te o r cu re f o r diph t h er i a .

I I I t he a f te r no o n cli nic s w e re giv e n by D r Z T S a il e r of . . .

,
 SO C IE T IE S .
4 23

N ew Y
k w ho e xhi bi te d a nd d e m o nstra te d the u se O f a spli t
or ,

p i n c ro w n whi ch by t he wa
, y i s a,
g o o d t hi ng D r R M ,
. . . .

S a ug e r i nse rte d a L o ga n c ro w n i n a r e m a rk a bly S h o rt t im e a nd ,

did i t e xc e ll e ntly D r R ich a rd s did a g o ld filli ng a nd D r

. .
,
.

A dl e b e r g d e m o nstra te d hi s m e t h o d O f p a cki ng a m a lg a m D r . .

L M Wa rne r re p re se nt i ng D r G e o E v a ns of N e w Yo rk in
. .
, . .
, ,

se rte d so m e g o ld c ro w ns a nd D r L A shl e y F a ugh t o f Phil a ,

. .
,

d elphi a w ho w a s to h a v e d e m o nstra te d hi s e l e c tric a l plugg e r f o r

,

gu tta p e r ch filli ng s w a s u na bl e to do so o wi ng to the d a m a g e

-

, ,

hi s a pp a r a tu s su sta i ne d i n tr a nsi t .

I n t he e v e ni ng D r J S M ar sh a ll O f Chic a g o re a d a n i nte r
. . .
, ,

e st i ng p a p e r e nt i t l e d A ne u ri sm a l Tum or Tr e a te d by I nj e c
,
“

ti o n . H e w a s f oll o w e d by D r Ch as B A t ki nson of N e w . . .
,

Yo rk (a S O I I of o ur h o no re d and b e l o v e d te a ch e r a nd p ro ph e t ,

D r W I I I H A tki nso n) w ho dw e l t up on the subj e c t

. . .
,
P ro “

phyl a xi s i n the F i e ld O f the D e nta l Su rge o n T he di scu ssi o ns .

”

w e r e p a rticip ate d i n by D r W S E lli o tt o f H ar tford C o nn . . .

, , .
,

a nd o t h e rs .

O n F r id a y m orni ng w e ha d so m e t hi ng ne w a nd i t w a s d e cid ,

e dl re f re shi ng t o h e ar so m e thi ng o u t o f the u su a l r u n o f p a p e rs

y .

D r W H R e hf use O f Phil a d e lphi a re a d a p a p e r 0 11

. . .
, T he ,
“

Th e ra p e u t ic V alu e o f M a ssa g e T re at m e nt i n V ar i o u s P a thol o gi

ca l C o ndi t i o ns O f t he M o u th a nd T e e t h givi ng a c o nci se a nd ”
,
’
cl e a r r e ci t a l of t he a u t h o r s e xp e ri e nc e in i ts u se in a re c o r d o f
o ne hu nd re d a nd fif ty c a se s o f i nfla mm a ti o ns o f t he mucu s su r

f a ce s : p e r ic e m e nti ti s pulpi t i s & c a nd hi s succ e ss w a s such a s

, ,
.
,

t o w a rra nt a n i nv e stig a ti o n o f t he subj e c t by o t h e rs w ho a r e

se e ki ng m e a ns o f r e li e f f ro m such t ro ubl e s ; he re a d i n a cl e ar ,

di sti nct v o ic e th a t w a s in pl e a si ng c o nt ra st to the l o w mumbli ng ,

a nd hu r r i e d w a i n w hich m a ny e ssa yi st s t o rtu re th e i r h e a re r s

y .

I f I a m no t mi sta k e n in j udgm e nt he is a y o u ng m an w ho will ,

b e h e a rd f ro m a g a i n i n the d e nta l w o rld .

O ne o f the f e a t u re s O f the m e e ti ng w a s a p a p e r b y D r R C . . . .

N e w to n O f M o ntcl a i r a p ra c tici ng phy sici a n w ho h a ndl e d the

, , ,

Phy sio l o g a nd H ygi e ne o f the S e c o nd D e nti ti o n in a I na s

”

te rly m a nne r T he di scu ssi o n o n his p a p e r w a s o p e ne d by D r

. .

Luck ey a nd p a rticipa te d in by D rs C N Pi e rc e a nd Ch as
, . . . .

M ay r a l so D r O sm u n
,
. .
4 24 TH E A R C H I V E S OF DEN T I S T R Y .

T he l c ti o n o f Offic e rs r e sul te d in the se l e c ti on o f the f o ll o w

e e

i ng g e nt l e m e n to p re sid e o v e r t he d e sti ny O f t he S o ci e ty f or the

e nsui ng y e ar

P re sid e nt D r G e o E A d a m s S o u th O ra ng e ; V ic e P re si
,
. . .
,
-

d e nt D r B F L uck e y P a te rso n ; S e c re ta ry D r Ch as A
. . .
, ,
. . .

M e e k e r N e w a r k ; T re a sure r D r G e o C B ro w n E l iz a b e th
_

.
, , ,
. . .

E x e cu t iv e C o mmi tte e : D r B F Luck ey Ch a i rm an Pate r . . .

, ,

so n ; D r O sc a r A d l e b e r g E liz a b e t h ; D r R M S a nge r
.
,
. . .
,

O ra nge ; D r C F W H o lbroo k N e wa rk ; D r S C G W at
. . . .
,
. . . .

ki ns M ontcl a i r
,
.

C o mmi tte o n M e mb e rship : D r J W Cu rti s H a ck e ttsto w n; . . .

,

D r u J A O smu n N e w a rk ; D r J L C ra t e r H a ck e ttst o w n;
. .
,
. . .
,

D r I M V a n D e W a te r M a di so n ; D r W E T r u e x F r e e h o ld
. . .
, . . .
,
.

Ta k e n a s a wh o l e the m e e t i ng w a s e nthu si ast ic a nd su cce s ul , .

We mi sse d v e ry much o u r f ri e nd D r C S S to ck to n O f N e w a rk ,
. . .
,

w ho w a s a t te ndi ng the m e e t i ng i n A t l a nt a ; a nd a l so D r W H . . .

Atki nso n w ho w a s a t the sa me pl a ce B ut w e w e re c onsol e d

,
.

by t he fa ct t h a t if w e did mi ss the m so m e O f o ur S o u th e rn ,
'

b r e thre n w o uld u nd o ubt e dly r e a p a b e ne fi t f ro m co nta ct wi th

m e n o f suc h r ip e e xp e r i e nc e B F L . . . .

Q UIN C Y D EN T AL S O C IE T Y .

T hed e nt i st s O f Q ui ncy m e t and o rga niz e d a l o c a l so ci e ty to b e

k no w n a s the Q uincy D e nta l S o ci e ty T he f o ll o wi ng Offic e rs .
‘

w e re e l e c t e d : D r V al ch P re sid e nt ; D r W e l l m a n V i ce Presi
.
V

,
.
,
-

d e nt ; D r A R G a rd ne r R e cordi ng S e cre t ay a nd T re asu re r

. . .
,
'

D r W W H a r t C orre sp o ndi ng S e c re ta ry
. . .
,
.

W W H AR T . .
,

Qui ncy I ll July 1 890 ,

Cor resp ondi ng S ecre ta ry
.
, ,
.

W I S CON S IN STA T E D ENTAL S O C IE T Y .

O ffic e rs of the Wi sconsi n S ta te D e nta l So ci e ty 1 890 91 : C ,

—
.

P S o u thw e ll P re sid e nt Milw a uk e e ; C E E dwa rd s l st V ic e

.
, , . .
,

Pre sid e nt O shk o sh ; W L C o nk e y 2d V ic e Pre sid e nt A ppl e

,
. .
,
-

t o n ; C A S o u thw e ll S e c r e ta ry Milw a uk e e ; By ron D o ugl us

. .
, , ,

T reasu re r A ppl e to n ,
.

N e x t m e e ti ng will b e h e ld i n E a u Cl a i re July 1 891 , ,

.
 SO C IE T IE S . 4 25

NATIONAL A SS O C IATION OF D EN T AL FA C U L T IE S .

T he se v e nt h a nnu a l se ssi o n O f the N a ti o na l A sso ci a t i o n O f

D e nta l F a cul ti e s w as h e ld a t E xc e l si o r Sp ri ng s M O c o m m e nc ,
.
,

i ng M o nd a y A ugu st 4 1 890 , ,
.

T he f o ll o wi ng c oll e g e s w e re re p re se nte d
B a l t im or e C ol l ege of D enta l S urgery M I V lI il l din F o st e r ,
. .

B osto n D enta l C ol l ege W m B a r k e r

'

. . .

C /i i ca go Col l ege of D enta l S urger y T r um a n W B ro phy ,

. .

I f a nsa s C i ty D enta l Col l ege J D P a tte r so n ,

. . .

l f es o a r i D enta l Col l ege W H E am e s

'

a s .
,
. , .

O l i o Col l ege of D enta l S u rger y H A Sm i t h

c ,
. . .

P e nnsyl v a ni a Col l ege of D enta l S ur gery C N P e i r c e ,

. . .

[fi l i t ei s i l y of Ca l if or ni a D enta l D ep a r tm ent C L G o dd a rd

f ‘ ’
, ,
. . .

Daz v er si ty of I ow a D enta l D ep a r tm ent A O H u nt

'

c ,
. . .
,

Univ e rsi ty of M i el vi ga n D e nta l D ep a r tm ent J T a f t , ,

. .

Uni v ers i ty of P ennsyl v a ni a D ent a l D ep a r tm ent J a m e s , ,

T r um a n .

V anderbi l t U ni v ersi ty D enta l D ep a r tm ent D R S tub b l e fi e l d

, ,
. . .

L o u is vi l l e Col l ege of D enti stry A Wilk e s Sm i th ,

. .

I nd i a na D enta l Col l ege J R Cl ay t o n ,

. . .

D enta l D ep a r tm ent of S oa tl i er n M ed ica l C ol l ege L D C a r ,

. .

pe nte r .

D e nta l D ep a r tment f l I ni v e r si t
/ o y of Tennessee , B R . . L ees .

L az i v e rsi ty of M a r yl a nd , D enta l D ep a r tm ent, J o h n C

er . U hl .

Col um bia n U ni v er si ty, D enta l D ep a r tm e nt, B o bl e H . . N .

T he f o l l o wi ng c oll e g e s w e r e a dmi tte d to m e mb e rship oy a l R

C oll e g e o f D e nt a l Su rge o ns O f O nt a ri o ; C o ll e ge O f D e nti stry ,

D e p a rtm e nt O f M e dici ne U niv e rsi ty O f Mi nne so ta ( re p re se nte d

,

by D r W X Suddu th ); A m e ric a n C o ll e ge of D e nta l Su rg e ry

. . .

( re p r e se n t e d by E P H a z e n ). . .

’
D r M a rsh a ll s a m e ndm e nt t o the c o nsti tuti o n p r o vidi ng th a t
.
,

i n a l l m a tte rs no t i n c o nflict with A rticl e V O f t he c o ns t i tu t i o n a

m aj o r i ty o f the c o ll e g e s b e l o ngi ng to thi s a sso ci a t i o n S h a ll co n
s t i tu te a
q uo ru m w as a d o pt e d ,
.

T he f o ll o wi ng re so lu t i o ns w e re a d o p te d
R eso l v e d T h a t i n l l c o l l g e s O f th i s
a sso c i ti o n stu d e nt s t
e b e gr du a a o a

a t e d a t t h e e x p i r t i o n o f t w o y e rs f t e
,

a a d m i ssi o n m u t nt e r t he sc ho o l
a a r s e

no t l t e r th n t w nty d y s f t r t h O pe ni ng o f t h
a a e a a e gu l se ssi o n f o l l o w
e e e r ar

i ng t h i s m e e t i ng .
4 26 TH E AR C H I V ES OF DE N T T I S R Y .

R e so l v e d , T h at aft er t he se ssi o n o f 1 890—91 a d i p l o m a f ro m a r e p u t ab l e

m e d i c al col l eg e sh al l e nt i t l e i ts h o l d e r t o e nt e r t h e se c o nd co ur se i n den
t al col l e g s i n th i s ssoci t i o n b ut h e m ay b e e x cu se d f o m atte nd nc
e a a r a e

u p on l e ctur e s and e x m i n t i ons up o n t h f ol l ow i ng subj e ct s g e ne al

.

a a e : r

a nat o my ch e m i st ry p h y si ol o gy nd m at eri a m e d i c a a nd t h e rap eu t i c s a

R e o l e d T h t w e re co mm e nd t h t stu d e nt s t a k e t w o f ul l c ou rse s i n
.
, , ,

s v , a a

st u d i e s o f g e ne a l ch ct e
a su ch s na t o m y p h y si ol ogy che m i st ry
r ara r, a a , , ,

g e ner l pri nc i p l e s of sur gery

a nd m t e i m d i c a a nd t h p e u t i c s and , a a r a e e ra ,

t h e e c o u se s i n t h o s of a S p e ci l d e nt al c h a act e
r r e a r r.

R l d T h t fi n l e x a m i n t i on m ay b e t k e n t t h e e nd of t he se c ond
es o v e , a a a a a

y e ar i n t hre e g e ner a l stu d i e s .

R e co m m e nd e d , T h a t f or a f ul l a nnu al co urse of l e et e r e s t h e m i ni m um
su m of c ol l e g e f e e s b e $ 1 00 ; t h a t d i p l o m a f e e s b e o mi tt e d , a nd a n e x am i
na t i onf e e 525 b e sub st i t u t e d t h ere f or a nd m a d e no n re t ur n
O f no t l e ss t h a n 5 -

ab l e ; th at a m at ri c ul a t i on f e e o f $ 5 b e ch arge d annu al l y S p e ci al -
course
c k
.

f e es c
t o b e $ 1 0 f or e a h b r an h t a e n, a nd $ 5 m a t ri cul a t i o n f e e .

T he f o ll o wi ng Offic e r s w e re e l e ct e d f o r the c o mi ng y e a r : L .

D C ar p e nt er A tl anta G a p r e sid e nt ; W H E a m e s S t
.
, ,
.
,
. .
,
.

L o ui s M O vi c e p re sid e nt J D Pa tte rson K ansa s Ci ty M O

,
.
,
-
. .
, , .

se c re tar y ; H A Smi th Ci nci nnati O tre asu re r ; J Ta ft

. .
, ,
.
,
.
,

Ci nci nnat i O T r um an W B rophy Chica g o and A O H u nt

, .
,
.
, ,
. .

I o w a Ci ty I a e x e cu tive c o mmi tte e

,
.
,
.

T he f o ll o wi ng c o mmi tt e e s w e r e a pp o i nte d : J a m e s T r um a n
Phil a d e lphi a ; F ra nk A bb o tt N e w Y or k ; a nd J o h n S M ar ,
.

sh a ll Chic a g o a d i nteri m c o mmi tte e ; J A F O l l e tt B o sto n ;

, ,
. .
,

D R S tu bb l e fi el d N ashvill e T e nn A Wilk e s Smi th R ich

. .
, ,
. .
,

m o nd K y C L G o ddar d S a n F ranci sc o c o mmi tte e on

,
.
,
. .
, ,

sch o o l s .

A dj o u rne d to m eet on Satu rd ay A ugu st 1 1 891 at 1 0 O cl o ck ’

, , , ,

A M a t the pl a c e a pp o i nte d f or the ne x t m e e ti ng O f the A m

. .
,

e ri ca n D e nt a l A sso ci a t i o n .

NATIONAL A SS O CIATION O F D EN TAL EXA M INER S .

A t th N i nt h A nnu l M t i ng f D nt l E x m i n
e h ld t a ee O e a a ers e a

E xc l i Sp i ng A ugu t 4 1 890 th f ll wi ng Offic w

e s or r s, s , ,
e o o e rs e re

l c t d f th n ui ng y
e e e C R E K ch Chic g I ll
or e e s ear : . . . o ,
a o, .
,

p id nt ; L C W
re s n T p k
e K n vic p id nt J H
. . a sso ,
o e a, a .
,
e -

re s e : . .

M art i nd a l e Mi nne a p o li s Mi nn se cret ary a nd t rea su re r T he

, ,
.
,
.

p r e sid e nt a pp o i nte d a s the c o mmi tte e o n d e nta l c oll e ge s D rs ,

.

L o ui s Ja ck T S W at e rs E E H ugh e s W P Ch urch and

,
. .
, . .
,
. . .

J H M arti nd al e
. . .
 SO C IE T IE S . 4 27

O n m o ti o n, t he f o ll o wi ng c o mmi tte e w a s a pp o inte d t o co n

sid e r t he a dvi sa bili ty O f h o ldi ng the m e e ti ng s a t so m e o th e r t im e .

a nd pl a c e t h a n t he a nnu a l m e e t i ng s o f the m e ric an D e nta l A s A

ci a ti o n wi th di sc re ti o na ry po w e r i n the m a t te r
so ,
D rs . J Taf t .
,

F A L e vy a nd S A G arb e r
. .
,
. . .

A dj o u rne d to m e e t a t the c a ll of the p re sid e nt .

S OU T HERN D EN T AL A SS O C IA T ION .

Offic e rs e l e c t f o r the e nsui ng y e a r are a s fo ll o w s Pre sid e nt ,

D r G F S W r igh t S o u th C a ro li na ; fi rst vi c e p re sid e nt D r

. . . .
,
-

,
.

R K L ucki e Mi ss ; se c ond vic e p re sid e nt D r W H R ich

. .
,
-

,
. . .

ards T e nn ; th i rd vi c e p re sid e nt D r L P D o tte r e r S C ;

,
.
-

,
. . .
,
. .

c orre sp o ndi ng se cre tary D r D R S tub b l e fi e l d T e nn ; re c o r d ,

. . .
,
.

i ng se c r e ta ry D r M C M a r sh all A r k ; tr e a su re r D r H E , . . .
,
.
,
. . .

B e a ch T e nn ; D r s V E Tu rne r B A M o ck e nf u ss e x e cu t iv e
,
. . . .
,
. .
,

c o mmi tte e M o ore h e a d Ci ty the ne x t pl a c e O f m e e ti ng A ugu st

_

,
.

7, 1 891 .

COLU MB IAN DEN T AL MEE T IN G T he j o i nt c o mm i ttee o f

TH E .
—

the S o u th e rn a nd A m e r ic a n A sso ci a t i o ns c o m pl e te d th e i r o rg a n
i z ati o n o f the c o mmi tte e by a ddi ng the fi v e m e mb e r s a nd t he ,

full c o mmi tte e i s no w c o mp o se d of the fo l l o wi ng g e ntl e m e n

W W W a lk e r of N e w Y o r k ; L D S he phe rd B o ston M a ss
.

. .
, ,
. .
,
.

A O H u nt I o w a ; H B N o bl e W a shi ng to n D C
. .
, G eo B . .
, ,
. . .

M cE l ha ny C o lumbu s G a L D C arp e nte r A tl a nta G a J

, ,
. . .
, ,
. .

Y C ra wfo rd N ashvill e Te nn ; J o na th an Ta ft Ci nci nnati O hi o ;

.
, ,
.
, ,

C S S to ck to n N e w a r k N J W J B a rto n Pa ri s T e x a s
. .
, . . . . .
, ,

J C S to rey D a ll a s T e x as ; M W F o ste r B a l ti m o re Md
. .
, , . .
, , .

A W H a rl a n J S M arsh a ll Chic a go I ll s H J M cK e l l o ps
. .
,
. .
, ,
. . .
,

S t L o ui s M O
. W W W a lk e r w as m a d e the ch a i rm a n o f the
, . . .

a b o v e c o mmi tte e O f fif t e e n h a vi ng a l l t he a r ra ng e m e nts f o r the ,

g re a t m e e ti ng in ch a rg e D r W a lk e r is the ri g h t m a n i n the . .

righ t pl a c e a r o u nd m a n f o r a ro u nd ho l e t hi s t im e
—
a nd wi t h ,
!

such a m a n f o r G e ne ra l the m e e ti ng is bo und to he a ucc e ss s .

I t i s h o p e d a nd c o nfid e ntly b e li e v e d tha t thi s will b e t he b e st

, ,

a nd g ra nd e st m e e t i ng o f d e nt i st s e v e r h e ld i n t hi s o r a n
y o th e r
c o u ntry L e t e v e ry o ne giv e i t his h e a r ty supp o rt a nd it w ill b e
.
,
 S el ite ri et l .

T HE AM ERI C AN D ENTAL A SS O C I ATION .

A t the la t
e m t i ng f t hi A ci ti n h ld t E xc
ee o s sso a l i
o e a e s or

lS ri n s m a ny d e nti sts e xp r e sse d the o pi ni o n t h a t if so m e thi ng

p g ,

w a s no t d o ne to a r o u se the O l d t im e e nthu si a sm t hi s b o dy w o uld

-

r e a ch a p e r i o d i n i ts e xi st e nc e wh e n the a tt e nd a nc e will b e nu m

b e re d by the O ffi ce rs d e b a te rs m e mb e rs o f the Nati o na l

-

Asso ci ati on of D e nta l E x a mi ne rs re p re senta tiv e s of the D e nta l

—

C oll e ge F a cul ti e s a nd a f e w o t h e rs w ho m ay h a v e a x e s to
— “

g ri nd ’ .

T he t im e o f the A sso ci a t i o n i s c o nsum e d by m e e ti ng s of o th e r

a sso ci a t i o ns a nd but li tt l e is giv e n t o the i nte re st O f g re a t nu m
,

b er s of d e nti st s p rese nt I t h a rdly r e p a y s the a v e r age d e nt i st

.
.

t o sp e nd t im e a nd m o ne y t o a tte nd wh e n the o nly f e at u r e of

,
’
p ra c tic a l i nte r e st i s t he d e nta l d e a l e r s di spl ay .

T he b a ck b o ne o f t hi s A sso ci a t i o n w a s v e ry b a dly sp ra i ne d if
-

no t b ro k e n wh e n t he m e mb e r s d e cid e d thi s t o b e a
,
sci e nt ific

b o dy a nd no t to p ro vid e w ay s a nd m ea ns f or cli nica l illu stra

,
”

t i o n o f the a dv a nc e m a d e i n the p ra c t ic a l w o rk o f t he pr o f e s
si o n
.

T he se c t i o n w o r k a s d o ne a t t he l a te m e e ti ng w a s pro
, ,

no unce d a f a ilu re Wh e n the m e e t i ng w a s c a ll e d to or de r t he

.
,

Offic e rs w e r e no t re a dy t o r e p ort a nd the A sso ci a ti onhad to a c

c e p t a f e w o dd s a nd e nd s i n li e u o f wh a t S h ould r e p re se nt a
’
y e a r s l ab or .

Why w a s it th at o u t of a n a tte nd a nc e O f 3 50 d e nt i sts so f e w

fi v e d o ll a r bill s w e r e h a nd e d to the tr e a su r e r ? Th e re mu st b e a
r e a so n f o r t hi s f a c t wh ich S h o uld b e studi e d a nd a c ha ng e m a d e
,

to S O i nc re a se the i ntere st t h a t e v e ry d e nt i st p r e se nt w ho i s a ,

m e mb er of a ny Sta te o r l o c a l so ci e ty will no t only c onsid er it ,

h is du ty b u t his pl e a su re to b e c o m e a m e mb e r a nd do hi s p ar t
,

i n m a ki ng t hi s org a niz a t i o n wh a t i t S ho uld b e the r e p re se nta —

t iv e b o dy O f the e nti re p ro f e ssi o n no t wh a t i t i s a n O l d t im e i n

, ,
-
 ED I T OR AL I . 4 29

s t i t u t io n w h o se u se ful ne ss is a lm o st rui ne d b o l it i c a l wi re
pulli ng ”
‘

for x
t he ne t pl a ce of m e e t i ng a nd a s t o w ho sh a ll o c ~

c upy p o si ti o ns o f h o no r ”
.

EXC EL S IOR SPRING S .

T he .
m e e t i ng o e f th A m ic n D nt l A
er a e a sso ci a ti o n t hi s y e ar , ,

a v e ra g e d f a i r ly wi th i t s p r e d e c e sso r s T he p a p e r s w e re g o o d .

a nd i nstr uc t iv e b u t t he di scu ssi o ns did no t c o m e up to t h o se o f

,

f o r m e r y e a rs T he p a p e rs sh o uld b e in the h a nd s o f t he c o m
.

m i tte e a t l e a st th r e e m o nt h s b e f o r e t he m e e ti ng a nd th e n c o pi e s ,

c o uld b e pl a ce d in t he h a nd s o f p ro p e r p e rso ns to di scu ss th e m

a nd t hu s w e w o uld h a v e t w o o r th re e i nt e llig e nt a nd w e ll d e fi ne d -

p a p ers o n the sa m e su bj e c t V e ry f e w m e n can dig e st a p a p e r

.

by simply h e a r i ng i t re a d a nd f e w e r still can i nte llig e ntly d is

,

cu ss it a nd br i ng o ut i ts sa li e nt p o i nts A no t h e r re a so n f o r the .

w a nt o f di scu ssi o n l ay i n the f a c t th a t m any o f the m o st p ro m i

ne nt a nd a bl e m e n o f the A sso ci a t i o n ar e a l so m e m b e r s o f the
A sso ci ate d Fa cul ti e s and B oard o f E x a mi ne rs A fte r .

h a vi ng e xh a u ste d t h e i r e ne rgi e s i n th e se m e e t i ng s w hich i t w a s , ,

r e p o rte d w e re no t a lw a y s e x a c t ly h a r m o ni o u s a nd ne r v e so o t h
,

i ng t h e y w e re no t i n a c ondi t i o n t o giv e a tte nt i o n t o t he m e e t

,

i ng s of the A sso ci a ti o n a nd u nl e ss t h e re i s so m e ch a ng e in t hi s
,

r e sp e c t t he m e e t i ng s o f t he A sso ci a ti o n wil l b e so d a m a g e d t h a t
,

i t will b e a difficul t m a tt e r t o re m e dy the e vil d o ne M a ny sa id .

t hi s w a s the l a st t im e th e y w o uld a tte nd so g r e a t w a s the d i ,

s

sa t i sf a c t i o n L e t the A sso ci a t i o n o f F a cul ti e s a nd N a t i o na l

.

B oa r d of E x a mi ne rs m e e t in a dv a nc e a nd ge t t h ro ugh th e i r
bu si ne ss so t h e y c an giv e th e i r v alu a bl e t im e a nd t al e nts to the
m e e t i ng s O f the A sso ci at i on .

I t w a s e xp e c te d t h a t a l a rge numb e r O f d e nti sts from the “ e st ’

w o uld j o i n if the m e e ti ng w a s h e ld We st b ut wh il e m a ny w e re ,

i n a tte nd a nc e t h e y did no t j o i n
,
A s a n e xc use i t w a s sa id
.
, ,

t h e y w e re no t a bl e to do so We d o ub t th o ugh if th ey c o uld
.
, .

m a k e a b e tte r i nv e stm e nt T he A sso ci a t i on ha s ne v e r m e t in a

.

m o re d e ligh tful pl a c e th a n E xc e l si o r Sp ring s T he m e mb e rs .

h a v e ne v e r re c e ive d b e tte r a cc o mm o d a t i o ns a nd m o re p o l i te a nd .

ki ndly a tte nti o n .

4 30 TH E A R C H I VE S OF DEN T I S T R Y .

Ev er y gl a d t o se e o u r w o rth y c onf re re of the R ev i ew

o ne w as
c onduc t e d to the p re sid e nti a l ch a i r a nd w e h o p e a nd p re dic t a ,

m o st succ e ssful a dmi ni stra ti o n u nd e r t hi s a bl e a nd w o r thy

C hi e f ta i n .

T he ne x t m e e ti ng pl a c e w a s l e f t in the h a nd s O f t he e x e cu tiv e
c o mmi tte e a s t h e y will t h e n b e a bl e t o m a k e b e t te r t e r m s wi t h
,

r a il r o a d s a nd h o te l s t h a n if t he pl a c e w a s na m e d i n a dv a nc e A .

p e t i t i o n w as ci r cu l ate d i n fa v o r of A shbu ry Park N J a s m any ,

.

o f t he m e mb e r s d e si re t o go o nc e t o t he se a sh o r e b u t a s t he t im e ,

O f m e e t i ng c o m e s j u st a b o u t t he t im e O f t he g r e a t c a mp m e e t i ng -

h e ld in O c e a n G ro v e j u st a dj o i ni ng the h o te l s will na t ura lly b e

, ,

cro wd e d a nd the a cc o mm o d a t i o ns no t S O go o d h ow e v e r w e will ,

b e gl a d to h a v e the A sso ci a t i o n i n N e w J e r se y a nd t he J e rse y

b oy s will giv e th e m a h e a rty r e c e pt i o n S . .

TH E A
O C IA T E D PRE S S R E P OR T of t he p ro c e e di ngs of the
SS

A m erica n D enta l A sso ci a ti on a t E xc e l si o r Sp ri ngs c onta i ne d

.
,

t he f o ll o wi ng
A t o ne t im e du r i ng the p ro g re ss o f t he d e b a t e c o nsid e ra b l e
h e a t w a s e ng e nd ere d by D r E P a r m l y B r o w n o f N e w Yo r k
. .
,

Ci ty w ho c r i t ici se d the d e nta l l a w s of N e w J e rse y v e ry

‘

s e v e r e ly a nd sa id t h a t w h il e he ha d b e e n a p r a c t ici ng d e nt i st
,

i n N e w Y o r k Ci ty f or t hi r ty fi v e y e ar s he c o uld no t p ra c t ic e i n
-

N e w J e r se y wi t h o u t b e i ng a sk e d a l o t O f qu e sti o ns by a l o t of
b oy s wh o m he ha d pick e d up o u t o f the gu tter giv e n a d e nta l ,

e duc a t i o n a nd se t up o n t h e i r f e e t .

Thi s b r o ugh t D r W W W a lk e r of N e w Y or k to hi s fe e t
. . .
, , ,

wi t h a blu nt c o ntra dicti on O f t he picki ng up o ut of t he gu tte r - - - - -

re m a r k D r B ro w n re pli e d th a t f or e v e ry o ne of t he N e w
. .
,

J e rse y e x a mi ne rs t h a t D r W a lk e r c o uld S h o w wh o m he ha d no t
.

pi ck e d up out O f the gu t ter he D r B ro w n c o uld S h o w ni ne , ,

.
,

wh o m he ha d .

D r B r o w n ne v e r th o ugh t O f S O se r i o u sly r e fl e c ti ng up on the

.

Ex a mi ni ng B o ard of N e w J e r se y I t i s a w e ll k no wn fa c t th at .
-

D r B ro w n t a lk s a g re a t d e a l wi th hi s m o u th b ut ne v e r m e a ns
.
,

a ny t hi ng T he d o ct o r sh o uld b e a li ttl e m ore c are ful wi t h hi s

.

s ta te m e nts a s such st a te m e nt s g o i ng o u t t o t he w o rld migh t do

,

a g r e a t d ea l o f h a r m .
 ED I T ORIAL . 431

T he pl a ce m e e t i ng f o r ne x t y e a r w a s l e f t to C o mmi tte e o f
of .

A rra ngem e nts to fix T he Offic e rs a re a s fo ll o ws P re sid e nt A

.
,
.

WV H a rl a n V ic e P r e sid e nt J D P a tte r so n ; 2 d V ic e P r e sid e nt

.
-

,
. .
-

H B No bl e ; S e c re ta ry G e o H Cushi ng ; T re a su re r A H
. .
,
. .
,
. .

F ull e r ; C o rre sp ondi ng S e cre ta ry F A L e vy E x e cu tiv e C o m , . .

m t tte e D rs C N Pi e rc e H A Smi th L D Sh e ph e rd
,
. . .
,
S. .
,
. . . .

T VVE N T I E T H ANNUAL SE S S ION OF T HE l VI S C O N S I N

ST A T E D EN TAL S O C IE T Y .

I
“ l i e n the w r i te r a nd so m e O f the O l d sta nd by s of thi s S o ci e ty -

w e re b e i ng c ar r i e d up the r o a d th a t l e a d s to A ppl e to n i t w a s ,

f e l t t o b e p ra c t ic a lly se ttl e d th a t the p r ogra mm e w a s v e ry “ ”

t hi n a nd the o u tl o o k f o r a ny thi ng lik e a f a i r a tte nd a nc e o r su c

,

c e ssf ul m e e t i ng w a s f a r f ro m b e i ng e nc o u ra gi ng ; b u t a l l the

m ore g ra tifyi ng wh e n w e di sc o v e re d o u r mi sta k e .

T he d e nt i sts O f thi s b e a u t iful ci ty m a y no t a g re e i n e v e rythi ng ,

b ut i n t hi s c a se t h e y j o i ne d h a nd s a nd m a d e such a str o ng p ull

t h a t e v e ry o ne p re se nt a t the m e e ti ng f e l t i n the sa m e spi r i t o f
g oo d f e ll o w ship ; a nd wi t h pl e nty o f g o o d p a p e rs a nd a s l arg e a n
a tt e nd a nc e a s has b e e n k no w n f or y e ars the sessi o ns w e r e a m o ng ,

t he m o st e nj oy a b l e a nd p ro fi ta bl e i n the hi st ory O f t he S o ci e ty .

T he ci t iz e ns e nte re d i nt o the e nthu si a sm of the l o c a l d e nt i st s

a nd go t up a g ra nd e xcu rsi o n t h ro ugh L a k e Wi nne b a g o a nd ,

O p e ne d t h e i r d o o r s wi th such a h o spi ta bl e w e lc o m e th a t e v e ry
.

o ne w ho a tte nd e d t hi s m e e t i ng will no t soo n f o rg e t t h e m T he .

p ro g ra mm e w as fully c ar ri e d o u t e xc e p t i n o ne c a se wh e re sick ,

ne ss p r e v e nte d a nd I h a v e t he p ro mi se O f so m e o f t he p a p e rs

f o r t he re a d e rs of the A R C H I VE S i n the ne ar fu tu re E P . .

D R . J . N
CROU S E is still t ryi ng to i nduc e a l l d e nti sts to j o i n
.

t he P ro te c t iv e A sso ci a ti o n H e sa y s t he sui t no w b e f o re the

.

Sup re m e C o u r t will p ro b a bly b e a g a i nst the d e nti sts a nd i n

f a v o r o f the T o o th C ro w n C o b ut th a t ne e d no t a l arm the pro
f e ssio n i n the l e a st a s the P ro t e c t iv e A sso ci a ti o n a re re a dy w i th
,

ne w e vid e nc e a nd a ne w re c o rd a nd c a n ta k e c a re o f a l l i ts ,

m e mb e rs in a ny p a rt o f the l a nd ; but y o u m u t be m e mbers o f s

t he A sso ci a t i o n .
4 32 TH E A R C HIV E S OF DEN TI S TR Y .

Th e re fo re if y o u w a nt t o b e p ro te c te d se nd him y o u r ten
, ,

d oll a rs b e f o r e y o u a re su e d a s if sui t is c o mm e nc e d b e fore yo u,

j o i n i t m ay t h e n b e t o o l a te f o r yo u t o a v a il y o u rse lve s O f t he
,
.

b ene fi ts the A sso ci a ti o n a ff or d s .

E ri e? m an tic n .

NO TE S OF T HE A SS O CIATION .

TH E T EA U ER f th A D A i t h m t c mpl c nt l
R S R O e . . . s e os o a e oo k
i ng ge e ntl m n f th A ci ti n nd migh t b t k n f
a o e sso a o ,
a e a e or a

V a nd e r bil t .

D R .J C S T O R EY i s the r o ugh di a m o nd o f
. . the p ro fe ssio n ,

a nd f e w m e n h a v e a full e r r e p or to ir e O f store y ,
or c a n t e ll o ne

b e t te r t h an he .

TH E PRE S I D EN T AN D F IR S T V I C E PRE S I D EN T wi th t h e i r b e a u -

t iful whi te fl a nne l sui t s l oo k e d lik e a p a i r o f b e a u t iful t wi ns

, .

Th e y w e r e v e ry h and som e .

TH E AR C HIVE S
v e ry fully re p re se nte d T he e di to r
w as .
,
t he
E a ste rn e di to r and t he a ssi stant e di tors and m ana ge rs of , the
sub sc r ip t i o n a nd a dv ert i si ng d e p art m e nt s a nd a l so M rs ,
. D r .

Ch a se the d a ugh te r o f the e di to r

,
.

D R . J . Y
CRA WFO R D of N a shvill e i s the m o st e nt hu si a stic
.
, ,

sp e a k e r i n t he p r o f e ssi o n a nd no d ou b t c o ul d r e ci te the a lph a b e t

,

i n a m a nne r t o b r i ng te a rs to the e y e s o r r e u se o ne t o the ,

gre a te st e nthu si a sm H e i s the D e m o sth e ne s of the p ro fessi on

. .

O N LY A B OU T TW EN TY FI V E ne w m e mb e rs j o i ne d A much -

l a rg e r a cc e ssi on w as a nt icipate d Th e re w a s a l arge a ttend a nc e .

,

b ut t he fi v e d o ll ars se e m e d to b e t o o much f o r the W e ste rne r

” “
.

W e w e re gl a d to se e th e m e ve n if t h e y did not b e c o m e m e m ,

b e rs C o m e ag a i n
.
 S UC C E S S O R TO

Missouri Ue nta l J o urna l , a l so Cons ol i da te d wi th N ew E ng l a nd J o urna l of D e ntis try ,

VOL . V II .
,
N o . O CT O B ER ,
1 890 .

i na l fi rtie l e s .

N o a r ti cl e p u bl i shed i n thi s d epa r tm e nt t/z a t lz a s been r e a d bef or e

w i l l be
an y soci e ty o r ha s appea r e d i n a ny p u bl i ca ti o n .

T b e e d i tor d oes no t l z o l d l z i m se tf r esponsi bl e i n a ny se nse f o r the v i e w s , ,

exp r essed by the a nt/ t o r s of o r ig i na l a r ti cl es .

A ny a r ti cl e i nte nd ed f o r th i s d epa r tm e nt shou l d be rece i ved by M e fi r st

of the m e nt/ z
p r e v i o us to i ts
p u b l i ca ti o n — E d .

T HE A M ALGA M S NEER .

BY DR E . . . W AYE
r
. AN D U KY OHIO
, S S , .

Th a t ne arly a l l d e nti sts use a m a lga m is e vid e nt a nd f re e ly

c onc e d e d S om e use i t u nd e r p ro te st S o m e w h e n c a ugh t
. .

u si ng i t a p o l o giz e and e xpl a i n th a t th e y se ld o m use it W e ll

, .
,

t h a t i s t he w a y t h e y u se d to d o We h a v e no t se e n th e m l a te ly :
.

b u t b e c a u se ne a rly a l l u se th i s m a te ri a l i t d o e s no t fo ll o w th a t ,

al l do .

"
‘
T he i
di to r o f thi s j o u rna l ne v e r u se d a m a lg a m a nd
se n o r e

ne v e r sa w i t u se d b u t he do e s no t e xp e c t t hi s s ta t e m e nt to b e .

g e ne ra lly b e li e v e d .

T he a bo v e w e clip f ro m a n e di to r i a l in a po pul a r d e nta l j o u r

na l .T he qu e st i o n which a ri se s up o n re a di ng it is th i s : Wh a t
4 34 TH E A R C H I VE S OF DE N T I S TR Y .

p o ssibl e c re di t d o e s no w o r e v e r did a t ta ch to t he m an w ho
, ,
“
ne v e r u se d a m a lg a m, o r i s i t S imply a m a tte r o f c re d e nc e ?

A t a t im e wh e n m o st o f the p r o mi ne nt a nd i nflu e nt i a l d e nti sts

t hr o ugho ut t he c o u ntry no t o nly c o nd e m ne d i ts u se a nd wi th o u t ,
.

e i t he r a d e qu a t e e xp e r im e nt o r p r o o f d e cl ar e d i t t o b e a d a ng e r

o u s a nd p o i so no u s m a t e r i a l wh en d e nta l so ci e t i e s the high e st i n

, ,

the l a nd ch a r a c t e r iz e d t h o se w ho v e nt u r e d t o d ifle r f ro m t h e m
'

, ,

a nd t o u se i t a s e mpi r i c s a nd c ha rl e ta ns a nd f a ili ng t o o b ta i n a
, ,

r e c a nt a t i o n o f t h e i r h e r e sy p r o c e e d e d t o t h ru st t he m u nce re
,

m o nio u sl y o u t of t he c o mp a ny o f the child re n of ligh t ce r ”

,

t a i nl y no g r e a t a m o u nt e i th e r o f m or a l c o u ra g e o r se lf d e ni a l
,
-

w a s r e qui si te to c a st i n hi s l o t wi t h t he gre a t maj o ri ty ”

.

'

Ju st why the se nio r e di to r S h o uld se e m so a nxi ou s to put him

se lf up o n r e c o r d i n t hi s m a t ter no w i s p ast u nd e r st a ndi ng
, At .

t hi s t im e wh e n t o u se hi s o w n l a ngu a g e
,
a l l d e nt i sts or
, ,

ne a r l y a l l u se i t wh e n a l a rg e p ro p ort i o n o f t h e m no t o nly
“ ”
,

c o nc e d e t h a t a s a m ate r i a l f or sa vi ng t e e th u nde r fa i rly fa v o r ,

a bl e ci r cum sta nc e s i t ra nk s a m o ng t he b e st
,
a nd t h a t I n m a ny ,
—

O f the m o d e r n m e t h o d s i ts u se se e m s a lm o st a ne c essi ty w he n ,
—

t h o se f o r m e rly m o st bi tter a nd vi r ul e nt in i t s d e nu nci at i on no t

o nly u se the m a t e r i a l f re e ly b u t c o nf e ss t h a t t he f or m e r o pi ni o n
,

r e g a r di ng i t w a s f o u nd e d no t up o n c a re ful e xp e r im e nt a nd i nv e s
,
‘
t iga tio n b ut re ste d ra th e r up on p re j udic e a nd ig no ra nc e c o nc e rn
,

i ng i t s qu a li ti e s se ni o r e di t o r a t t he p r e se nt t im e
”
I S t he
.

o pp o se d t o the u se of a m a lga m no w t ha t a n e x te nd e d e xp e r i e nc e
,

a nd much c a r e f ul e xp e r i m e nt a t i o n h a v e d e m o nstra te d b o t h i ts

i nocuo usne ss a nd i t s e xc e ll e nt qu a li ti e s 2 T he qu est i o n wh eth e r ,

he him se lf did or did no t u se i t wh e n f o r bidd e n to do S O by th o se

t he n i n a u t h or i ty m ay b e f ra ugh t wi t h much i nt e re st t o the p a r
,

t i e s i mm e di a t e l y c o nc e r ne d ; b ut to e st a bli sh the fa c t th a t wh e n
t he i nflu e nt i a l m a j or i ty w e r e a l l w r o ng he w a s i n a c c or d wi th
t h e m w o uld se e m t o re fl e c t b u t littl e c re di t up o n hi m
,
o r d oe s

he m e a n to imply tha t no t wi th standi ng t he a pp ar e nt r e c a nta t i o n

which the a lm o st u niv e rsa l u se o f i t w o uld i ndi c ate th a t b o th , ,

the y a nd he w e r e r igh t t h e n a nd o nly he no w ?

.
,
I n S h o rt wh a t ,

d oes he m e a n A nd w hy d o e s he thi nk he will no t b e b e li e v e d ,

wh e n he say s th a t he ne v e r u se d i t or e v e n sa w it u se d ? ”

T he re ca n b e no re a son so f ar as w e are a bl e to se e f or d o ub t
, ,
,

but e v e n th o ugh t he m a j o r i ty S ho uld d o ub t wh at th e n ,

 re ns l a tie n .

T HE S U P ERNU M ERARY AN D H Y P O N UM E R AR Y
T EE T H OF T HE HU M AN J Al V W I T H ,

A P E N D E X RELA T ING T O T HE S O
C ALLE D D E N T I T I O C I T E D .

BY PR OF . D R . BU SC H .

T R A N S L AT E D B Y 11 . E VA N S “ AN GE L IN
'

, FO R J J . . ll . P A TR I CK .

B E L L E VI L L E . I L L S .

(C O N T I N UE D FR O M PAG E

T he m o l ars of m a n re a ch the numb e r m o l a rs in of the nor m a l

t he g e ner a l too t h f or mul a T he sup e r num e ra ry te e th o ccu rr i ng
.

i n thi s r e gi o n w o uld t e nd to d e stro y the t h e ory of r e trogre s

,

si o n . I t mu st b e sa id th a t the a p e s o f the N e w W or ld h a v e
fo u r m ol ars whil e th o se o f the ol d h a v e o nly t h re e M agito t
,
.

ci te s a c a se i n the skull of a n O l d g o rill a which ha d the fo u rth

m ol ar still e nc a se d in b one I t i s not a t al l impro b a bl e th a t the
.

a nc e sto rs o f m a n ha d f o u r m o l a rs I n my Ob serv a ti o n m a t e r i a l
.

I fi nd in the u pp e r j a w te n c ase s of sup e rnum e rary m o l ars b ut

, ,

t h e y h a v e the f o rm O f a c r ippl e d k no b to o th but no t wi th sh a rp , ,

ch ar a c te ri st ic cu sp s O f the m o l a r c ro w n a nd i n S ix c a se s the ,

t e e t h ha d b e e n r e m o v e d f ro m the j a w a nd t he ro o t ha d the S h a p e
o f the c o ne Th e se t o o th sh a p e s do not a ssi st in the th e ory o f
.

a n a ta v i sh ch a ng e b u t se e m to p o i nt to a simpl e splitti ng of the

,

bud a nd h e nc e c anno t b e c onsid e re d with a ny sp e ci a l a tte nti o n

. .

A m a d e i did no t fi nd a ny sup e rnum e ra ry m o l ars i n the th re e

t h o u sa nd skull s he e x a mi ne d a nd the f o u r c a se s o f M a g ito t a re
,

lik e mi ne i nasmuch th a t th e y a re c onsid e re d d wa rf te e t h wi th

,

m o l a r sh a p e d c ro w ns which a pp e a r o n the f a ci a l side b e tw e e n

-

M a nd M 3
,
. .I n t he ne g ro S kull t h e se se e m to b e diffe re nt S o m .

m e ri ng ha s p o i nte d to the f a c t th a t the f o u r m o l ars a pp e a r in

t hi s ra c e wi th f re qu e ncy a nd i n such c a se s a s W e d] d e s c rib e d i n ,

which the f o u rth m o l a r is w e ll d e v e l o p e d i n a l l O f the fou r p osi

( 435 )
4 36 TH E A R C H I V E S OF DE N T I S T RY .

t i o nswi th typic a l c ro w n root l ea d one to t hi nk t h a t th ere mu st

-

b e so m e a ta v i sh i nflu e ne e a t w o r k .

I b e li e v e th at p art o f the sup e rnum e ra ry te et h are ca u se d by

the spli tting o f the bud a nd the o th e r p a r t c a u se d by t he S pli t
,
’

ti ng O f the bud a nd l o ok w i th cb nsidera b l e m o m e nt o n the l ast

,
’ “

e xpl a na t i o n f o r t he k e e pi ng o f t he typi c a l numb e r a nd sh a p e .

NO T E S DURIN G C ORRE C T ION OF TH E A B OVE .

Si nc e w r i t i ng the a b o v e I h a v e di sco v e r e d the fo ll o wi ng c ase s

,

i n which sup e r num e r a ry t e e th a re d e sc r ib e d viz : O ne c a se of ,

.

C a ra be lli ta k e n f ro m hi s c o pp e r pl at e s of the A na to my o f the

,

M o u th W e i n 1 84 4 pl ate xiv fig 9 Thi s c a se i s t he l o w e r

.
, , ,
. .

O f a y o u ng p e rs o n i n which t he se c o nd m o l a r ha s not y e t
j w
'

a ,

m a d e i t s a pp e a r a nc e I n t hi s j a w th e r e a re fi v e w e ll d e v e l o p e d
.
-

i nci sor s i n the no r m a l a rch a nd tw o typic a l sup e rnum e ra ry m o ,

l ar s one o f which i s o n the li ngu a l S id e b e tw e e n Bi , a nd B ig

,
.

O ne c ase f ro m N e sse l (A u sti n H u nga r i a n Q ua r ter l y 1 886 p -

.
,
.

3 42 i n which o n the l e ft S id e O f the l o w e r j a w b e t w e e n B i a nd

, , 1

Bi ? O nt he li ngu a l su rfa c e a t hi rd w e ll for m e d p rem ol a r m a d e i ts

,
-

a pp e ar a nc e Anoth e r ca se f ro m Ne sse l ( sa m e p a p e r) in which

.
,

o n t he r igh t sid e o f t he upp e r j a w a sup e r num e r a ry l a te o i nci so r

i s f o und .

Ac a se f ro m ( THra nsa c t i o ns o f t he O d o nto l o g ic a l S O

a r nson

c i e ty o f G re a t B r i ta i n se r i e s V o l V I p age
,
i n which i n .
,

t he r igh t sid e o f the u pp e r j a w O f a n I r i sh ma n f o u r m o l a r s O f

go o d S iz e a nd d e v e l o pm e nt m a d e the i r a pp e a ra nc e E l e v e n .

c a se s of Mumm e ry ( T ra nsa c ti o ns o f the O d o nto l ogic a l S o ci e ty of

G rea t B ri ta i n ne w se ri e s V ol II p age
,
ta k e n f ro m t he e x
,
. .
,

a mi n a t i o n o f thi r ty t w o skull s f ro m t he na t iv e s o f t he e a st c o a st
-

o f Af r ica a nd 3 2 6 S kull s f r o m the w e st c o ast Th ese e l e v e n .

c a se s a re as f o ll o w s : C a se 1 A fo u rth w e ll d e v e l o p e d m o l a r i s -

fo und o n b o t h S id e s of t he upp e r j aw a nd pl a c e d r e gul arly i n the

C a se 2 A f o u r th m ol a r in upp e r j a w o n b o t h si de s and
‘

a r ch .

sligh tl y i ncli ne d t o w ar d s the ch e e k C a se 3 A w e ll d e v e l op e d .

-

f o u rth m o l ar o n the l e f t S id e of the upp e r j a w S a m e i n c a se 5 .

a nd 6 C ase 7 A w e ll d e v e l o p e d r ig ht upp e r thi r d bicu spid i n

.
-

the r e gul ar p o si t i o n i n t he a r ch C ase s 8 a nd 9 : A su pernu .

m cra ry l e f t upp e r r igh t bicu spid o n t he l a bi a l sid e O f the a lv e o l ar

 TRAN S LA T ION .

p ro c e ss C a e 1 0: T w o re gul a rly pl a c e d sup e rnum e ra ry c a ni ne s

. s

o n b o h S id e s i hi c i c ci y f xpl i v ry l a
t ( n t s a se ,s t h e s a r t o e a na t o n e

m e nta bl e T ha t the a u t h o r c o uld ha v e p rob a bly ta k e n the de

.

c id uo u s c a ni ne f o r t he sup e rnum e ra r h ugh p o ss ibl e

y i s no t t o t ,

wi th a m a n l ik e Mum m e ry a nd i t i s h ar d to u nd e rsta nd w hy ,

s uch a sh o r t no t ic e sh o uld b e giv e n

) C a se 1 1 A d o ubl e w e ll.

d e v e l o p e d righ t upp e r i nci so r i n l o w e r j a w Mumm e ry m a k e s .

no m e nti o n o f sup e r num e ra ry t e e t h .

T he e xp r e ssi o n suppl e m e nta l te e th i s u se d i n se v e r a l w a y s

,
.

B io c a ( I nstr ucti ons ge ne ra tes po ur f a i r e s a sl e v i v a nt seconde ,

ed i t i o n P ar is 1 879 j )
, di sti ngui sh e s t w o c a te g o r i e s : the
,
.

d e nts suppl e m e nta l a nd d e nts sup e rnum era ry H e giv e s the .

f o ll o wi ng d e fi ni ti o n T he d e nts supl e a r e th ose th a t a pp e a r b e .

hi nd the d e nt s sa pi e nti a a nd i n r e gul a r p o si t i o n a nd the d e nt s

"
su n a l l t h a t a re f o u nd a n o t h e r pl a c e ne a r by e i t h er i n t he
.
y ,

a r ch o r ne a r i t Th e y e nte r lik e the nor m a l te e th so m e tim e s on

.
,

t he c o nv e x so m e ti m e s o n t he c o nc a v e sid e o f the a r ch
,
Th e se .

t e e t h so m e tim e s t a k e the f o r m o f the t oo t h t h e y a r e ne are st t o ,

b ut m o st a lw a y s h a v e a c onic a l c r o w n which f o r m s the e l e m e n

t a ry te e th o f t he o r igi n o f the a nim a l ki ngd o m Thi s sh a p e .

giv e s th e m the S h a p e o f c ani ne s b ut th e y are no t c a ni ne s ; a nd it ,

mu st b e sta te d th a t i n thi s ne ighb o rh o o d th e y a re ne v e r f o u nd

,
.

Fro m thi s e xpl anati o n t he o nly tooth th at is a suppl e m e nta l

t o o th i s the w e ll d e v e l o p e d f o u rth m ol a r
,
-

D R L M MA TT HE W L w
. . . c K a n w a s a t the m e e ti ng
S, a re n e , .
,

o f th A m i c n xhi bi t i ng
e er a e a numb e r O f hi s i nv e nt i o ns
,
H is .

L i ttl G i nt Bl w Pip i
e a o e s re a lly a c o mbi na t i o n o f bl o w pip e s
” - -

a nd ne e d s t o b e se e n i n t he h a nd s O f t he d o c to r t o b e a pp re c i
a te d . H is C o mbi na t i o n Pli e rs sho uld b e i n the h a nd s o f e v e ry
o ne d o i ng c ro w n a nd b r i d g e w o r k a s th e y c o mbi ne fla t no se ,

pl i e rs pin pu nch cu tti ng pli e rs f o rmi ng pli e rs a nd wi re h o ld e r

, , , ,

fi v e i nstrum e nts i n o ne H is sm a ll ra tch e t w re nch i s v e ry e ffi

.

ci e nt wh e re b o l ts a re u se d i n the m o u th i n re gul a ti ng a ppl i ,

a nc e s m a t ri c e s a nd cl a mp s ; t h e y a re m a d e by the Wilmi ng to n
,

D e nta l Mfg C O . .
 GUTTA PER C HA —
vs
. C E M EN T FILLING S .
*

B Y E B HI T H O K M D
. . C C C ,
. .
, N E WT O N M A S S A C HUS E TTS
,
.

My Obj e ct i n a dd re ssi ng y ou up on thi s subj e c t i s th a t by so

d o i ng you wil l b e l e d to di scu ss the r e l a t iv e m er i ts of th e se t wo
filli ng m at e r i al s .

My att e nt i on w as c all e d t o t hi s m att e r i n 1 883 : A y o u ng

l a dy c a m e to m e f or p ro fe ssi o na l se r vic e s ; a n e x a mi na ti o n
re v e a l e d a b a d st a t e o f a ff a i r s ; m a ny O f t he filli ng s w e r e c e m e nt

sc ar c e ly o ne w a s a cc o mpli shi ng t he pu r p ose f o r which i t w a s

i rite nde d O n re m o vi ng t h e se filli ng s t h ere w a s f o und to b e

.

e x te nsiv e d e c ay a ro u nd a nd u nd e r t h e m ; i n so m e c a se s e x te nd

i ng t o t he pulp .

Si nc e th at t im e h a v e e x a mi ne d a g oo d m a ny c e m e nt filli ng s ,

a nd fi nd t h at t he p r e p or t i o n o f f a ilu r e s wh e r e t h e y are u se d i s , ,

f a r g re a te r t h a n wi t h a ny o th e r m a te r i a l Thi s migh t p o ssibly .

b e du e i n a f e w c ase s t o i nf e r i or Op e ra t i ng b u t c e r ta i nl v i n
, , ,

o nly a f e w a s m o st o f t he Op e r a t i o n
,
s w e r e d o ne by s killful p ra c

t i ti o ne r s ; pl e a se d o not u nd e r sta nd m e t o imply th a t t h e r e is no

vi rtu e in c e m e nt filli ng s as th e y a s w e ll a s a l l o th e r filli ng
, ,

m ate r i a l s h a v e t h e i r pl a c e s I t se e m s t o m e h o w e v e r t h a t the
,
.
, ,

l o c at i on a nd c o ndi ti ons f or c e m e nt filli ng s a re d e cid e dly m i su n

de r st ood L e t u s l o o k a t so m e O f t h e i r di sa dv a nta g e s
.

1 . T he c e m e nt i t se lf o f te n v a r i es a nd wh at ki nd will w o r k
—
,

w e l l at o ne t im e will no t a t a no th e r ; a ga i n o ne ne e d s to k e e p
, ,

a f re sh supply o n ha nd as i t l o se s i t s vi rt u e a f te r b e i ng o p e ne d
,
.

T he mixi ng i tse lf i s t o my mi nd a n o bj e ct i o n as i t stick s

—
, , ,

t o e v ery thi ng wi t h which i t c o m e s i n c o nta c t h a vi ng to b e .

r e m o v e d f r o m t he i nstr um e nt s by s c ra pi ng ; fi ng ers di tto ,

.

3 H o w l ong will i t l a st i n a t o o th ? T he sh or te st t im e i n
—
'

R e ad b ef ore H ar va rd O d o nt ol og i c al S oc i e t y , Ap ri l 24 t h , 1 890 .

( 4 38)
 SO C IE T IE S . 4 80

which i t ha s di sso lv e d tha t ha s c o m e u nd e r my no tic e ha b e e n s

a b o u t f o u r w e e k s a nd thi s i n a l a rg e c r o w n filli ng ; t hi s w a s o f
, ,

c o u rse a n e x c e p ti o n
,
.

4 . Th ey f re qu e ntly w e a r ro ugh i n which c a se t h e y a re a n

—
,

a nnoy a nc e

5 . Th e ir c o nduc tivi ty in so m e c a se s thi s r e sul ts in the d e at h

—

o f t he pulp .

6 . Th e i r d ifli c ul ty i n r e m o vi ng ; g e ne ra l l y re qui ri ng the u se

—

o f t he e ngi ne Thi s is a se r i o us o bj e c ti o n e sp e ci ally w h e n

.
,

pulpi ti s e xi sts o r the too th i s i n t he u l ce ra ti v c stag e ; a l so i n

,
.

c a se of thi n e na m e l l ay e r wh e re d a ng e r o f f ra c tu re e xi sts .

D e c a y a b o u t the filli ng thi s i n so m e c a se s e v e n i nv o l v

—
, , ,

i ng the pulp ; i n e xc a v a t i ng t he c a vi ty i n such c a se s i s much

,

l a rg e r a nd a s fi lli ng s a re to p rese rv e to o th struc tu re i t i s no t

fi ul fil l ing i ts m i ssi o n
,

N x t i ts a dva nta ge
e ,

1 . Dimi ni shi ng se nsi t ive ne ss ; a te e th ca n b e p a rti a lly e xc a

—
'

v a te d a nd fill e d wi t h i t ; a f te r a f e w w e e k s re m o v e t he filli ng ,

a nd c o mpl e te e xc a v a t i ng ; the di ffi c ul ty h o w e v e r i n i ts re m o v a l , ,

p re v e nts thi s b e i ng f re qu e ntly d o ne .

2 . Wh e n the sh a p e O f the c a vi ty i s such th a t i t will h old

—

no t h i ng e l se .

3 . S tre ng th e ni ng a n u np ro te c te d e na m e l w a ll ; m a ny te e th
—

h a v e thu s b e e n m a d e se rvic e a bl e .

4 . M a tchi ng c ol or o f to ot h thi s Of te n c a n b e p e rf e c tly do ne

—

by c o mbi ni ng diffe re nt m a k e s o r e v e n u si ng c o l o ri ng m a te ri a l s
,

re c a ll a c ase wh e r e o ut o f so m e si x sh a d e s c o uld no t Ob ta i n t he
, .

r igh t c o l o r b u t l ) y r u b bi ng up so m e I ndi a i nk wi t h t he liquid

‘

a nd t h e n mi x i ng t he p o wd e r wi t h i t m a na g e d t o o b ta i n a v e ry ,

f a i r sh a d e ; g a mb o g e o r se pi a c o uld b e u se d i n the sa m e m a nne r .

5 . Fo r c a ppi ng u nd e r filli ng ; if to o ne a r t he pulp o i l o f

—
,

cl o v e s ca n b e mix e d wi th i t th e n o v e r thi s pl a c e the re gul a r

,

mix tu re .

G U TTA PERC HA [ts D isa d a nta ge -

.
—
v s.

l .
— Wh e n t o o th is to o se nsi tive to S h a p e c a vi ty .

2 .
-
I n t e e th w i th a th i n w a ll .

3 .
—
I n te e t h h a vi ng c ro w n c a vi ti e s o r c a vi ti e s c o nne c ti ng ,
44 0 THE A R C H I VE S OF DEN TI S TR Y .

wi th c r o w n t h a t a 1 e o f a d e nse struc t ur e ; a s t/iese will b e a r

, a

m e ta lli c plug b u t e v e n h e r e the y wi ll l a st f o r y e a rs . .

G U TTA PER -

C HA . 1 ts A d va nta ges .

1 .
—
E
y m anipul a t i o n
as .

2 . D o e s no t d e te ri ora te by k e e pi ng o r e xp osu r e to a ir
—
.

3 I n w e a 1 ing i t d o e s so f ro m the c e nte r l e a vi ng the w a ll s

—
, ,

O f t o o th p r o t e c t e d .

4 . C an b e u se d wi t h o u t r ubb e r d a m a nd e v e n wh e n m o i stu re
—
,

i s p r e se nt ; t hi s i s a g re a t a d v a nta g e e sp e ci a lly wi th child r e n , .

5 I n v e ry se nsi tiv e t e e t h i t c a n b e p u t i n i n so lu t i o n
'

—
.
, .

13 D o no t h a v e t o w a i t f or i t to se t b ut ca n b e fi ni she d a t
'

—
.
,

o nc e .

7 . R e m o v a l g e ne rally in l a rge pi e c es a nd Of ten i n o ne ; t hi s

—
,

i s a d e cid e d a dv a nta g e if a n e xp o su re of t he pulp e xi sts : i n t he

c e m e nt s sm all pi e c e s a r e lik e ly t o re m a i n a nd t h e se a r e a lm ost
, ,

imp o ssibl e to r e m o v e wi th o u t givi ng p a i n t o t he pulp .

8 . Wh e n w orn o u t i t i s v e ry e a sily r e pl a c e d a nd wi th
—
, ,

s car c e l y a ny p a i n .

9 . I ts no n c o nduct ivi ty i n t hi s i t p 1 ob a b ly r a nk s fi 1 S t
—
.

10 FO 1 p r e v e nt i ng e l e ct1 i ca l a c t i on a s i t i s a n e xc e ll e nt
.
—
,

i ns ul a to r .

11 Fo r t e mp o ra ry t e e t h wh e n th e y a r e t o o p a i nful t o e x ca
.
—
,

v a t e t h o ro ug hly the c a vi t i e s c a n b e wip e d o u t wi t h stro ng ca r

,

b ol ic a cid a nd fill e d wi t h gu tta p e r ch a ; a nd t he ch a nc e s ar e t hi s —

will l a st a s l o ng a s the t e e t h ne e d to r e m a i n e sp e ci a lly if t he ,

pi nk gu tta p e r ch a i s u se d —
.

12 M ost i mp or tant of al l i s the f re e d o m f ro m d e c a y ; i n thi s

.
—

r e sp e c t i t i s c e r t a i nly t he m ost p e r f e c t st o ppi ng t h a t w e h a v e

t e e t h c a n re a dily b e k e p t a l o ng wi th t hi s f o r m a ny y e ars a nd ,

wi tho u t and e nl a rg e m e nt o f t he c a vi ty Fro m fi v e t o t e n m in .

u te s will re pl a c e m ost a ny gu tta p e r c ha fil li ng —

.

13 For a c a ppi ng i n a se nsi t iv e to oth i t i s e asi e r a nd qui ck e r

.
—

t o m a nipul a te t h a n c e m e nt as th e r e i s no mixi ng t o b e d o ne no r
,

w a i t i ng f or i t t o se t .

14 Fo r re p a i r i ng m e t a llic filli ng s wh e n t h ere i s o nly S ligh t

.
—
,

c a r i e s i t i s i nv a lu a bl e ; as o f t e n if t hu s t re a te d a filli ng will
, , ,

l a st f o r m any y ears ; wh ereas if p a tch e d wi th sa m e m ate r i a l a s

t he filli ng the ch a nc es a r e no t so f a v o ra bl e
,
.
 SO C IE T IE S . 44 1

15 .
—
As a te mp o ra ry
ppi ng o v e r a n a pplic a ti o n o f a rse nic
sto

o r so m e m e dic a m e nt ; i n suc h c a e s i t i s so m e t im e s b e tt e r no t t o s

d ry t he c a vi ty as i t c a n t h e n m or e re a dily b e re m o v e d
,
.

16. T o p ro te c t a t oo th f o r a f e w d ay s u ntil t he Op e ra ti o n ca n
—

b e c o mpl e t e d .

17 . VVhe re c a ri e s e xi sts i n i nci so r s O f child re n f ro m se v e n t o

—

t w e lv e y e a rs o f a ge t he y ca n m o re re a dily b e k e p t i n g o o d co n
,

d i ti o n by i ts u se .

18 .
—
I a f ro nt te e th wh e re p a ti e nt d o e s no t w a nt o r c a nno t
,

a ff o r d g o ld o r if t he t o o t h i s a t a l l sof t
, .

Y o u will t hi nk o f o the r c a se s of a dv a ntag e s a nd o f d i sa d v a n

t a g e s i n t he u se O f e a ch O f t h e se filli ng m a t e r i a l s .

H a vi ng e x a mi ne d so m e m e ri ts a nd d e m e ri ts of b oth m ate r i a l s ,

l e t u s se e wh e n a nd w h e r e th e y a re b e st t o u se i ndividu a lly '

I f the t o oth struc t u re is soft o r the m o u th se cret i o ns a cid , ,

c e m e nt i s i n my Opi ni o n c o nt ra i ndic a t e d ; a s thi s a ci di ty i s

, ,
-

m or e l ik e ly to e xi st a t the c e rvic a l w a ll s I S h ou ld i n such c a se s ,

u se gu t ta p e r ch a -
.

I n pl a c e s no t c o nspicu ou s t he pi nk gu tta p e rch a ca n b e u se d ,

-
'

t hi s will o f te n l ast a s l o ng a s m e ta l I h a v e k no w n th e m to l ast .

fo u rte e n y e a rs .

I n a pp ro xim a l c a vi ti e s b e t w e e n bicu spid s a nd m o l a rs no t

, ,
.

e x t e ndi ng t o t he c r o w n pi nk gu tta r c ha S h o uld o u tl a st g o ld

p c -

o r a m a lg a m
; a nd i t ca n o f te n b e p ut i n wi t h o u t se p a r a t i o n .

I f the c a vi t y i nv olve s the c ro w n the gu tta p e r ch a ca n b e u se d ,

-

a t t he c e r vic a l w a ll a nd the c e m e nt a t t he c ro w n
,
I w ould no t .

a dvi se t he pi nk gu t ta p e r ch a e nti re i n such c a se s a s c o nsta nt

-

m astic a ti o n p re sse s i t a g a i nst t he gum t he whi te gu t ta p e r ch a -

h o w e v e r do e s no t a ct i n thi s w ay
, .

H a v e ha d se v e ra l c a se s wh e re the te e th w e re so ft a nd the ,

c e m e nt filli n s f a il e d t o ch e ck c a r i e s b u t the use o f gu tta p e r ch a

g
-

alm ost c o mpl e t e ly a rr e st e d t he d e c a y .

A sh ort t im e a go I w a nte d to stre ng th e n the f ra i l wall s o f a .

t o o th a s much a s p o ssi b l e so c e m e nt w a s u se d : i n f o u r w e e k s,

ne a rly e v e ry p a r ticl e w as g o ne ; i t i s no w fill e d wi th whi te

gu tta p e rch a
-

T he s ta te m e nts giv e n he re a re no t th e o re tic a l b u t p ra c tic a l , .

I n e x a mi ni ng my re c o rd s I fi nd th a t o ut o f 1 26 c a se s o f gut ta
,
4 42 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN T I S TRY .

p e rch a filli ngs i n m o u ths I co uld w a tch t h e re w e re fo u r whi ch .

sh o w e d se c o nd a r y c a r i e s b u t o nly t o a slig ht e x t e nt ; o r l e ss
,

t h a n o ne thi r d o f o ne p e r c e nt : a b e tte r sh o wi ng t h a n a ny
-

o t h e r m a te r i a l M a ny o f t h e se h a v e be e n r e p a i re d b u t wi t h
.
,

t he e xc e p ti o n o f t he a b o v e m e nti o ne d f o u 1 c a se s t h e r e has b e e n .

no d e c a y e i t h e r u nd e 1 o r a b o u t t he filli ng s
, .

B eli e v e J F o ste 1 F l a gg ho ld s he can sa v e a ny te e th by the

.

u se of gu tt a p e r cha a s a filli ng-

D o no t c o nclud e t h a t I ne v e r u se c e m e nt or i n f a c t a ny o the r ,

m a t e r i a l b ut gutt a p e r ch a : I a m S imply givi ng gu tt a p e r ch a t he

— —

p re fe re nc e o v e r c e m e nt w h e ne v e r I c a n .

DI SC U S S ION .

D R . B R IGG S I do not k no w t h a t I wil l Op e n a ny di scu ssi o n

—
.

b u t p er h a p s i t will b e i n o r d e r t o giv e my o w n e x p e r i e nc e wi t h
t h e se m a t er i a l s I n 1 878 wh e n I b e c a m e asso ci a t e d w i t h D 1
.
,
.

Willi a m s he ha d at t h a t t im e fully g t a spe d t he m e t h o d w hi c h

,

w a s a ft e r w a r d s b o ugh t t o t he no t ic e o f t he p 1 o f e ssio n by D I .

Fl agg as t he so call e d N e w
,
-
a nd w a s u si ng gu tt a
“

p e r ch a a nd c e m e nt f o r t he p re se r v a t i o n o f te e th t h a t ne e d e d
sa v i ng r e c o g nizi ng t ha t li t t l e a x i o m
,
Of w hich I thi nk D r ,
.

Fl agg i s the a u th o r t h at in p rop o rti o n a s a tooth ne e de d sa vi ng

, .

go ld w as t he w o rst m a te r i a l t o u se H e ha d g ra sp e d t he si t u .

a ti o n a nd w as u si ng t ho se m a t e r i a l s I a pp re ci a te d t he v a lue o f .

t h e i r u se a nd ha v e S i nc e f o ll o w e d o u t t ha t li ne i n my o w n
,

p ra ctic e A t th at t im e he m a d e a nd has e v e r S i nc e t he gu tt a
. . ,

p e r ch a u se d i n his o w n l a b o ra to ry ; a nd I thi nk i t w a s d ue to t he
f a c t th a t a g re at m a ny of t h ose w ho a t t e mp te d t he use of gu tt a
p ercha a t t h at t im e u se d a m uch i nfe r i o r a rticl e tha t i t f o u nd ,

l e ss f a v o r th an if t h e y had u se d t he du ra bl e m a te ri a l which w a s
m a d e by c o mbi ni ng simply pu re gu t ta p e r cha wi th o xid e of zi nc -

o n a ho t b a t h k ne a di ng the m t o ge the 1 v e ry ca 1 e f ul l y T he
,

I O ce S S is v e sl o w a s i t r e qui re s ne a i l y tw o h o u r s t o m a k e a
p ,

sm a ll qu a nti t y T he p r o p O I t ions u se d a r e e igh t p a l ts o f o x id e

.

o f zi nc t o o ne p a rt o f gu tt a p e I C ha which m a k e s a v e ry h a r d —
.

gu tta p er ch a ; S O h a rd t h a t o n fi rst e xp e rim e nt it se e m s a lm o st

—

imp o ssibl e t o u se i t b ut by wipi ng the c a vi ty wi th a so lu ti o n o f

,

chl or o for m it e as ily st ay s i n pl a c e whil e the fil l i ng i s b e i ng pu t

,
.
 SO C IE T IE S . 44 3

in . Thi s w a s u se d i n c a se s o f d e c ay o n the a pp ro xim a l su rf a c e s ;

o f c o u rse no t i n a l l c a se s b u t i n t he c a se s b e gi nni ng a t t he c e rvi
, ,

c a l b o rd é r o f g o ld filli ng s a nd i n a pp ro xim a l c a vi ti e s t h a t did no t

,

c o m e i nto the c ro w n to re c e iv e di re c t w e ar I t w a s u se d a gr e a t
. .

d e a l i n f ra il tee th a nd m o re p a rticul a rly in y o u ng t e e th i n o rd e r

,
'
,

t o k e e p the c a vi ti e s u nd e r c o ntr o l u nt il the p a ti e nt ha d ar r i ve d

a t m a tu r i ty a nd the t e e t h ha d b e c o m e suffici e ntly st ro ng a nd h a r d
.

t o a dm i t o f a p e r m a ne nt filli ng T he c o mbi na t i o n o f c e m e nt a nd
.

gu tta p e r ch a w as u se d wh e re the c a vi ty c a m e to the c row n the

-

c e m e nt b e i ng u se d o v e r t he cro w n a nd p a rt w a y o v e r the sid e of

t he to o th a nd the gu tta p e r ch a r e a chi ng to t he c e r vic a l b o r d e r
,
-

G u tta p er ch a wa s fou nd to b e apt to c a u se i nfl a mm a ti on and pro

—

d uce to oth a ch e if l a id in to o cl o se p ro ximi ty to the pulp N e i t h e r .

w a s c e m e nt u se d ne ar the pulp r e c o g nizi ng t h a t c e m e nt i t se lf w a s

,

i rr i ta t i ng a nd o f te ntim e s p ro duc e d pulpi ti s ; if not i mm e di a te l y

,

a f te r, i t w o uld so m e t im e s d e v e l o p qui t e a l o ng p e r i o d a f te r t he

filli ng w a s pu t in For th e se c a se s w a s u se d the pu re o xid e o f

.

zi nc no t the o x id e o f zi nc which c o m es wi th the c e m e nt w hich

, ,

so m e t im e s ha s o th e r m a te r i a l s wi th i t t o giv e i t h a r d ne ss b u t the ,

pu re o xid e o f zi nc mix e d w i th a n a nt i se p tic o r a n a nae sthe tic ,

s uch a s t he o il o f cl o v e s o r c a r b o lic a cid a nd t h a t p r e p ara ti o n ,

p l a c e d o v e r the pulp a nd the gu tta p e r ch a or c e m e nt pl a c e d

,
-

o v e r t ha t Thi s p ra c tic e I h a v e fo ll o w e d ; a nd wi t h t he m a te ri a l s
.
,

u se d in t hi s w ay I se e no c o ntro v e rsy b etw e e n the t w o I t se e m s

,
.

t o m e t h a t gu t ta p e r ch a ha s i t s pl a c e a nd th a t t he c e m e nt i s
-

e qu a lly g o o d i n i ts pl a c e I k no w th e re a re a dv o ca te s w ho cl aim
.

th a t t he c e m e nt p ro p e rly p ut i n ca n be pu t righ t up to t he c e r vi ,

c a l b o r d e r a nd t h a t i t will l a st l o ng e r t h e re t h a n i t d o e s a nywh e r e
,

e l se . My e xp er i e nc e i s th a t a t the c e r vic a l b o r d e r it will di sso lv e

i n a v e ry t r e a ch e ro u s m a nne r r e a chi ng i nto t he d e nti ne a nd so
, ,

di stu rbi ng t he pulp b e f o re t he c e m e nt a u v wh e re e l se sh o w s a nv

,

sig ns o f w e a r i n
g O f co u rse t he gu tta p e rch a is subj e c t to so m e
.
-

so rts o f f e rm e nta ti o n so t h a t i t so m e t im e s ha s t he a pp e a ra nc e
,

o f b e i ng c o v e r e d wi th a so r t o f fu ngu s b u t if t he m o u t h i s k e p t .
,

cl e a n no twi th st a ndi ng thi s fu ng o id a pp e a ra nc e th e y re m a i n a nd

, ,

l ast till th e y a re w o rn o ut I do no t di sa g re e wi th the e ssayi st ;

.

a t the sa m e t im e I f e e l t h a t t he c e m e nt filli ng sh o uld no t b e

,

c o m de mne d I do no t c o ntra st the two a s o pp o si ng e a ch o th e r i n

.
4 44 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN T I S TR Y .

a n
y w ay G iv e e ac h one pl a c e t h e re i s
i ts pl a c e ; a nd i n i ts -

no t hi ng mumto pI e se 1 v e a nd ca 1 e f o r te nde I
.
“

d elic a te te e t h ,

u nt il such t im e a s t h e y m a
y b e a bl e to he ar so m e thi ng stI O nge r .

I n Ce r ta i n case s t h a t so rt o f t 1 e a t m e nt c o uld b e c o nt i nu e d i nde fi

,

ni te l y .

PR E S I D EN T COOK E Th e r e i s a f e e li ng a m o ng our p a t i ents

.
—

t ha t u nl e ss a t o o t h i s fill e d wi t h g o ld i t i s no t p r o p e r ly t 1 e a te d ;
,

a nd I t hi nk t he d e nti sts t he mselv e s a re i n a g re at d e gre e , ,

r e sp o nsibl e f 0 1 t h a t f e e li ng I k no w th a t wh e n I w a s i n the .

d e nta l sch o o l I did no t o b ta i n a ny v e ry d e fi ni te id e a s a s to ho w .

gu tta p e r ch a w a s to b e u se d st ill I o b se r v e d e nough o f the tr u th

—

so t h a t du r i ng t he fi rst t w o m o nt h s a f t e r my g ra du a t i o n I d e te r

mi ne d t o u se i t in the c a se o f oneof m y p at i e nt s a li ttl e gi rl , ,

thi 1 te e n y e a I S o f a ge I w a s t he n p ra ctici ng i n the tow n of

.

M il f o 1 d a nd t he p a t i e nt ha d c o m e f ro m a n a dj o i ni ng to w n
,
.

Th e re w e r e f o u I a pp ro xim a l c a vi ti e s b e t w e e n the u ppe I l a te ral s

and c e nt1 al s I put o n t he 1 ubb e r da m d 1 i e d o ut t he c a vi t i e s
.
,

a nd e xc a v a t e d t he m ; I t h e n t I ie d to d e cid e which w a s the b e tte r

a d a pte d g o ld o r so m e o th e r m ate r i al a nd fi nally c onclud e d

, t> , ,

th a t gu t ta p e1 0ha w as t he b e st thi ng t o u se i n t hi s c ase : so I

fill e d t ho se f ou I c avi ti e s wi th gu tt a p e r ch a S o m e th 1 e e and -
.

o ne h a lf y e a I S l a t e I my f a th e r ask ed ine if I r e m e mb ere d h a vi ng

,

ha d such a p a t i e nt a nd wh a t sort of filli ng s I ha d p ut i n t h o se

,

c a vi ti e s I r e f e I re d to m y re c ord b o o k a nd g a v e him the p a rt i e

.

u l a rs o f t he c a se I a sk e d him wh a t w as t he c o nd it i o n b etw e en
.

t he c e ntra l i nc ise I s H e sa id the i e w e re hu g e c a vi t i e s t he r e

. .

T he re w a s no d e c a y t he re w h e n t heo th e rs w e re fill e d T he f o u r .

gu tta p e 1 ch a filli ng s w e I e w o r n aw ay not hi ng had b e e n d o ne to

-

t he m i n o v e I t hre e y e a rs ; b ut the t e e t h w e re p re se r v e d a nd
c a pab l e o f h o l di ng ne w fi l li ng s D ec ay had p ro gI e sse d b e tw e e n o
.

t he c e nt1 a l s u nt i l t he p u l ps w e re ne a1 1y e xp o se d Th at w as a .

goo d l esso n f 0 1 m e a s t o t he va lu e of gu tta p e i ch a filli ng s a nd I -

w as v e ry gl a d t h a t I had k e p t a r e coI d I ha d so m e fi v e y e ars .

,

a o t w o p a ti e nt s si ste r s w ho u su a lly t o o k g o o d c a re of t h e i r
g , , ,

t e e th b u t t h e y ha d b e e n ne gl e c t e d f oI a y e a r a nd a h a lf o n
,

a cc o u nt o f the f a mily m o vi n g f rom N e w Y 0 1 k to V er m o nt f O1 a

t i me ; a nd a s i t w a s a b o u t t he t im e of t he su ga r se aso n the ,

c hil d I e n ha d th e i r fill o f m a pl e s ug ar Th e l e w e re sev e ra l .

 SO C IE T IE S . 4 45

l a rg e c a vi ti e s i n the bicu spid s a nd m o l a rs a b o v e a nd i n the

m o l a rs b e l o w a nd o ne o r t w o o f the i nci so rs ha d j u st c o mm e nc e d
,

to d e c a y . I w e nt t o w o r k se pa ra t i ng a nd p o li shi ng c ut t h e m ,

o ut a
,
nd fill e d th e m wi t h gu tta p e rch a a nd I h a v e se e n t he
-

p a ti e nts 0 11 a n a v e ra g e o f e v e ry ni ne m o nth s si nc e bu t I h a ve ,

no t b e e n o blig e d t o d o a ny thi ng to t h o se t e e t h e x c e p t to simply

p a t ch a sm a ll p o r ti o n o f o ne o f the gu tta p e rc ha filli ng s I -

sho uld j udg e i n o ne o f the m o nths th ere a re so m e e igh t o r ni ne

,

o f t he m a nd t he t e e t h h a v e a l l b e e n p re se r v e d
, I wi sh th e re .

w a s m o re a tte nt i o n p a id t o t hi s ma t e r i a l i n t he s ch o o l s ; b ut t he
st ud e nts t hi nk t h e y a r e no t l e a r ni ng a ny t hi ng u nl e ss t h e y a r e

pu tti ng g o l d i nto a te e th ; I thi nk i t i s a thi ng a m an i s in a

b e tte r p o si t io n to a pp re ci a te a f te r h a vi ng p ra c t ic e d a li ttl e t h a n , .

i n his st ud e nt d a y s .

D R S M I T H I w o uld lik e to a sk t he Pre sid e nt wh a t gu tta

.
—
‘

p e rch a he u se d i n th ose c a se s ?
PRE S I D E N T C O O K E I n t he fi r st o ne I u se d H ill s S to ppi n n
-
’
o

D R R EILLY
. I d o no t thi nk t h a t I e nt i re ly di sa g re e wi th the
—

e ssa y i st b u t my p r i ncip a l o bj e c t i o n t o gu tt a p e r ch a i s di sc o l o ra —
,

t i o n a nd I fi nd a g r e a t d e a l o f t h a t A p a ti e nt c a m e in to day f or '

-
.
,

wh o m I fill e d a sup e r i o r c a ni ne to o th a w e e k a go T he e nti re .

l abi al p o rti o n o f the t o o th w a s g o ne I fill e d up b e ne a th the gum .

’
wi th gu tta p e rch a a nd c e me nt a nd i n a w e e k s t im e t he gu tta
-

p e r ch a had b e c o m e a s bl a ck as i t p o ssibly c o uld b e Th a t i s o nl v .

o ne o f a my ri a d o f Case s i n whic h I h a v e se e n t he sa m e re sul t .

I wo uld a l so say t ha t in j u st such c ase s i t w e a rs fore v e r b ut

, ,

t he p a t i e nts do no t lik e i ts a pp ea ra nc e Thi s l a dy re m o nstra te d .

.

a nd sa id t h a t so m e o t h e r m a t e r i a l mu st b e u t i n i t pl c In
p s a e .

r e g a r d t o D r H i t chc o ck s r e m a r k s a b o u t c e m e nt I w o uld sa
’
.

y , ,

t h a t I h a v e a c e m e nt filli ng which ha s b e e n i n m y m o u th f o r
t h re e y e a rs I t i s a c ro wn c a vi ty in a wi sd o m too th I put it
. . .

in my se lf sta ndi ng b e f ore a mi rro r v e ry h a stily s imply t o k e e p

, , ,

t he c a vi ty u nd e r c o nt ro l a nd a f te r w a r d s o u r w o r thy P re sid e nt
,

r e fu se d to t a k e it o ut I w a s i nduce d to use it f ro m the succ e ss

.

o f a c e m e nt filli ng p r e vi o u s t o t h a t which ha d b e e n i n f o r e igh t

. ,

y e a rs ; a nd th a t to o th ha s b e e n p re se rv e d in fi ne c o ndi ti o n u nd e r
c e m e nt f o r e l e v e n y e a rs I w o uld lik e to k no w if a ny g e ntl e m a n
.

ha s ha d e x pe ri e nc e wi th di sc o l o ra ti o n o f gu tta p e r ch a ? -
446 TH E A R C HIVE S or DEN T I S TR Y .

D R . H IT
H C O C K A s f ar a s t h e se bl a ck filli ng s a re c o nc e rne d
C —

d o not t hi nk I h a v e e v e r se e n a s ngl e c a se i n which i t o ccu rre d

i .

H a v e se e n o cca si ona l c ase s wh e re th ey a pp e a re d to be a l ittl e

y e ll o w ish o r to b e c o v ere d wi th fu ngu s which D r B riggs
, ,
.

sp o k e o f b u t do no t t hi nk I h a v e e v e r se e n a si ngl e c a se in
,

which t he filli ng t u rne d bl a ck .

A s f ar a s c e m e nt l a sti ng so l o ng i s c o nc e rne d i t i s o ne o f ,

t h o se c ase s I sp o k e o f wh e r e the se c re t i o ns o f the m o uth w ere

'

a lk a li ne D o no t m e a n t o say t h a t gu tta p e r ch a will o u t w e ar

.
—

c e m e nt e v e ry t im e : b u t t a ki ng t he wh ol e a v e ra ge o f the du ra
b il i ty o f b o t h m at e r i a l s the gu tta p e r ch a will S h o w a f a r high e r
,
-

a v e ra g e t h a n t he c e m e nt .

DR WERNER I t i s v e ry a pp a re nt to my mi nd t h at de n
.
—

t ist ry lik e g e ne ra l m e dici ne i s no t a nd ne v e r will b e a n e x a c t o r

, , , .

fi xe d sci e nc e T he v ar i a ti o ns which e v e ry one can r e ca ll to his

.

m i nd du ri ng hi s p ra ct ic e w e m ay ne v e r fully u nd e rsta nd T he
,
.

h e mic a l c o nsti t u e nt s o f the m a t e r i a l s the p a r t icul a r c o ndi ti o n

c ,

i n which t h e y a r e mix e d a nd p r e p a r e d t he c o ndi t i o n o f the ,

m o nth a t the t im e t he filli ng i s i nse rte d a nd wh a t t he c o ndi t i ons ,

o f t h a t m o u t h a re t o b e i n y e ars t o c o m e mu st a l l b e ta k e n i nto ,

c o nsid er a t i o n ; t h e y m ay ne v e r b e e x a c tly a like a nd ye t th o se ,

a pp a r e nt ly sligh t v a r i a t i o ns a cc o u nt t o my m i nd f o r m a ny u ne x

l a i na b l e di ff e r e nc e s i n re sul ts A t t he l ast m e e ti ng I re f e rr e d
p .
,

t o a te e th t h a t ha d b ee n p r e se r v e d f o r ne ar ly t w e lv e y e ar s w i th
a n a g a t e c e m e nt filli ng a nd t h a t i n a pl a c e wh e re i t w a s co n
,

sta nt l y b r u sh e d a nd r ubb e d a g a i nst a nd c o nsta ntly b a t h e d i n

se c re t i ons b e i ng ne a r t he g um
,
I h a ve see n the m ost unde sira
.
=

b l e c ondi t i ons du e f ro m gu tt a p er c ha i n which t he fill i ng s h a v e

-

t u r ne d c o mpl e t e ly bl a ck ; such a s D r R e illy spe a k s o f a nd a l.so

"
,

wh e re t h e y a pp e ar e d to b e i n th a t d e c o mp ose d c ondi ti o n which

D r B rigg s m e nt i o ns
. Th e n a ga i n w e ca n re c or d case s i n whi ch
.
,

the e x a c t o pp o si te t hi ng s e xi st ; f or the sa m e ki nd o f gu tta

p e r ch a i n di ff e r e nt m o u th s will p ro duc e di ff e r e nt r e sul ts H ad
,
.

I h o we ve r to ch o o se b e t wee n u si ng the one or oth e r e x cl u

, ,

si v e l y my exp e ri e nc e w o uld l e a d m e to b e m o re i n f av o r o f
,

c e m e nt t h an gu tta p e rch a I sh o uld not wi sh to p art w i th

-
.

gu tta pe reha f or u nd e r c e rta i n c o ndi ti ons i t i s p re f e ra bl e to

-

c e m e nt : a nd e i th e r o f t h e m m a ny t im e s i s p re fe ra bl e to a
m e ta llic filli ng .
 SO C IE T I E S . 447

D R . R E I L LY —
I w o uld
li k e to b e se t a r igh t in thi s d a rk ne ss ,

be c a u se it ha s b e e n my stumbli ng bl o ck i n the u se o f gu tta

p e rch a : I do no t thi nk I m a nipul a te w ro ng th o ugh o f c o u rse ,

t ha t i s p o ssi b l e I k e e p t he m a te ri a l wa rm by pl a ci ng it 0 11
.

so a p sto ne s a nd fi ni sh i t wi t h a bu r ni sh e r u nt il I e t a h ar d p o l
, g
i he d su rf a c e
s I do no t u se chl orofo rm o r a ny o th e r solv e nt
.
,

b u t no t wi t h sta ndi ng a l l my a re I h a v e ha d so m a ny c a se s o f t
,

di s c o l o ra ti o n t h a t I d o no t lik e to u se i t .

D R BRIG G S
. Sp e a ki ng o f the du ra bili ty o f gu tta p e r ch a
— -

r e c a ll s t o m m i nd a c a se w hic h D r Willi a m s ha s o n re c o rd
y . .

w i th o u t h a vi ng l o o k e d i t up I c a nno t sp e a k p o si t iv e ly b ut it
'

w a s e i th e r t w e nty o r t w e nty fi v e y e a r s th a t gu t ta p e r ch a r e m a i ne d
— -

i n g o o d c o ndi t i o n i n a pp ro xim a l c a vi t i e s i n the l o w e r c e ntr a l

i nci sors O f c o u rse th at is a f a v o ra bl e pl a c e f o r a l m o st a ny
.
,

ki nd o f a fi l li ng b u t I m e nti o n th a t a s ra th e r a r e m a r k a bl e te rm
,

O f s e r vic e f o r a gu tta p e r ch a filli ng -

Re g ardi ng the bl a ck sta i n which D r Re illy sp e a k s of I thi nk .

,

I h a ve se e n o ne o r t w o c a se s wi th t hi s re sul t ; b ut if gu tta p e rch a -

i s h a ndl e d c a r e fully i s no t bu r ne d a nd fi ni sh e d o ff sm o o thly i t

, , ,

will l a st wi th o u t ta ki ng o n t hi s di sc o l o ra ti on I thi nk i t i s w e ll .

t o a v o id a s f a r a s p o ssi b l e t he fi ni shi ng o ff o f gu t ta p e rch a with

, ,
—

s o lv e nt s I t d o e s no t giv e u s t he h a r d p o l i sh e d su r fa c e th a t a
.

w a r m i nst rum e nt d o e s .

I do no t k no w th a t i t is so b u t a s a sugge sti o n I m e nti o n as a , ,

p o ssi bl e re a so n f o r the f a ilu re s the p ra c tic e of k e e pi ng the gu tta ,

p e rch a ho t o v e r a l a mp o r up o n so a p s to ne s I thi nk so m e t im e s .

it i s i nj u re d in th a t w a y I t ha s b e e n my h a bi t t o h o ld i t b e
.

t w e e n t he f o rc e p s o r t he pli e rs o v e r t he fl a m e By p ra c tic e o ne .

l a r ns ho w f a r a b o v e to h o l d i t a nd ca n te ll by t he f e e li ng wi th
i
,

t he f o rc e p s a b o u t wh e n i t is re a dy f o r u se O cc a si o na lly a .
,

pi e ce ge ts o v e rc o o k e d th ro w i t a sid e a nd t ry i t a g a i n I su sp e c t . .

s o m e t im e s th a t i t i s o v e rc o o k e d o n th e se so a p sto ne di sh e s Y ou .

s h o uld k no w th a t in m a ki ng it i t is v e ry e a sy to g e t i t to o ho t ; ,

a nd c a re sho uld b e t a k e n no t t o
ge t i t t o o ho t whil e i nse r ti ng
t he filli ng Wh e n w e u se d to m a k e it in t he l a b o ra to ry i t
.
,
,

re qui re d t w o h o u rs to m a k e a v e ry sm a ll a m o u nt a nd it w a s ,

m a d e by u si ng m u scl e ra th e r th a n h e a t ; a nd if i n the ea se o f a
hu rry it w a s o v e rh a te d i t w a s i nj u re d it did no t w o rk a s w e ll
‘
.
—
4 48 TH E A R C H I V E S OF DEN TI S TR Y .

nor w e a r so w e ll And so i t se e m s p o ssibl e t h a t the m anuf a c

.

t urer s f o r the m a r k e t if t h e y w a nte d t o m a k e up a l o t i n a ,

hu rry m ay o v e rh e a t it Thi s c a re o r l a ck o f c a re i n the p re p a

,
.

’
ra t i o n m ay b e t he c a u s e o f o ne m a nuf a c t u re r s m a te r i a l s b e i ng

b e t te r t h a n a no th e r o r e ve n i n t w o l o ts o f t he sa m e m a nuf a c
,

t u r e b e i ng diffe re nt I fi nd diff e re nc e s in t he sa m e m ak e r s
.
’

c e m e nt which I supp ose a re d ue to t he i mp e rf e c ti o ns i n t he

,

m a nipul at i o n I f t h e 1 e I s a g I ea t d e m and f o I a thi ng the y e t

.
,
0v
g

i n the w ay o f pu tt i ng i t o u t i n a b un y a nd do no t e x e 1 ci se t he ,

sa m e c a re t h a t t h e y did i n t he p ro duc t i o n o f t he fi r st l o t s .

DR TAFT
. I sh o uld lik e t o a sk D r R e illy if he fi nd s t h at t he
—
.

pi nk gu tta p e r ch a di sc o l or s ?
-

D R R EILLY I n my e xp e ri e nc e the pi nk d o e s no t b ut the

.
—
,

whi t e d o e s .

DR TAFT I n o ne ki nd o f c a vi t i e s m o re t h an a not h er ?
.
—

D R R E I L L Y z P ri ncip a lly i n c a vi t i e s wh ich t he b r u sh d o e s

.
—

no t re a ch v e ry r e a dily .

'
DR S T O DD AR D I w o uld lik e to a sk D r R e illy how he w arm s
.
—
.

"
hi s gut ta p e r c ha 4 .

DR R EILLY B y a s fla m e a nd m e ta l and soa p sto ne s o n the

.
'
— 0
g
‘
-

m e ta l T he m e ta l u se d I s a pi e c e o f sh e e t I r on a nd I c arry t he
.

gu tta pe I cha t o the c a vi ty wi t h a n e xc a v a tor

-

D R WERNER T he di sc o l ora t i o n of the gu tta p e r ch a i s g e ne r

.
— —

a lly sup e r fici a l a nd d o e s no t e x t e nd t o t he i nsid e o f t he sub st a nc e

,

no r t he c a vi ty i t ca n b e r e m o v e d wi t h a w a r m i nst r u me nt b ut ,

i n a f e w d a y s it will r e t u r n a g a i n .

DR C L A P P I I n r e g ar d t o gu tta p e r ch a I w ou ld say t h a t I
.
— -

h a v e v e ry ra re ly se e n a n a pp ro xim a l fil l i ng di sc ol o re d ; b ut ni ne
t e nths O f the l a bi a l filli ng s t ha t I se e o f gu t t a p e r ch a a r e v e ry -

d ar k so m e of t h e m bl a ck I thi nk i t w a s y e ste rd a y a ge ntl e m an

,
.

wa s i n my ch a i r w ho ha s a numb e r o f t he se gu tta p e r ch a filli ng s -

o n t he l a bi a l su rf a c e s o f t he f ro nt t e e t h a nd t h e y w e re e xc e e d ,

i ngl y bl a ck ; a nd if t h e r e i s a ny p e rso n w ho c a ll s u p o n hi s d e nt i st
wi t h cl e a n a nd nic e te eth i t i s t hi s v e ry p a t i e nt I do no t k no w ,
.

t ha t a m o ng a l l my p a t i e nt s t h e re i s o ne w ho i s ne a t er o r k e e p s ,

hi s t e e t h i n b e tter c o ndi t i o n t h an thi s g e nt l e m an I w o ul d lik e .

t o a sk D r H i tchc o ck if he ca n a cc o u nt f o r t he e xp a nsi o n in
.
,

ce r ta i n c a se s o f the pi nk gu tt a pe r cha f Fo r i nsta nc e a ge ntl e

,
-
 S OC I E TI E S . 44?

m a n wh o m I
y e te rd ay ha s a l a rg e pi nk gu tta pc re ha fil l m
sa w s ,
— e
'

o n t he bucc a l s u rf a c e o f t he l e f t i nf e ri o r t hi rd m o l a r I do no t .

k no w j ust ho w l o ng it ha s b e e n i n b u t i t ha s e xp a nd e d so tha t ,

it p ro t r ud e s o u t o f the c a vi ty I sh o uld say a n e igh th if no t a , ,

si x t h o f the wh o l e siz e o f t he filli ng ; i t w a s so much so th a t I

to o k a sh a r p i nstr um e nt a nd p a re d a pi e c e O ff l e a vi ng t he re st
.
,

o f t he filli ng i n a sm o o th a nd cl e a n c o ndi t i o n I h a v e no tic e d .

thi s in a g o o d m a ny c a se s I a l so sa w a p a t i e nt y e ste rd a y w ho
.

ha s a gu tt a p e rch a fi lli ng 0 11 t he p a l a ta l su r f a c e o f a r igh t sup e r i o r

-

fi r st m o l ar I t hi nk i t ha s b e e n t h e re te n y e a rs p e rh a p s no t
.
,

qui te a s l o ng a s th a t a nd t o day i t i s a s p oli sh e d a s a sh e e t o f f re sh

,
-

gu tta p e r ch a a s it c o m e s f ro m the m a nufa c tu r e r s I h a v e a l so

-

i n a no th e r m ont h a sm a ll filli ng i n t he m e si a l su r f a c e of a n
,

i nfer i or l e f t bicu spid th a t ha d b e e n t h ere f or at l e a st te n y e a rs .

a nd i t i s i n a s g oo d a c o ndi t i o n a s p o ssibl e b u t t he bulgi ng o u t

o f t he pi nk gu tt a p e r ch a i n l a rge filli ng s a w a k e ne d my cu ri o si ty
'
-

D R .H I TC H C OC K I thi nk th a t D r Cl a pp s qu e sti o n migh t b e

—
’
.

a nsw e re d i n t h i s w a y : th a t i n pu t ti ng i n the gu tt a p e r ch a w e ,
-

o f te n o v e r c o nd e nse i t a nd if so i t has a t e nd e ncy t o r e t u r n t o

-

, ,

i ts o r igi na l sh a p e by e xp a nsi o n V e ry se ld o m u se a pi nk gu t ta .

p e r ch a filli ng wh ere the to o th is a t al l f ra il .

DR .CLA PP I h a v e se e n m o re c ase s o f t he w a sti ng a w ay of

—

gu tta p er ch a wh e re i t had b e e n pl a c e d a t the c e rvic a l w a ll a nd

-

t h e n c o v e re d wi th c e m e nt t h a n I h a v e se e n o f t he w a sti ng a w a y
,

o f c e m e nt pl a c e d i n a simil a r p o si t i o n .

D R .B R IGG S I w o uld lik e to sugg e st th a t i n th o se c ase s

-

, .

p e r h a p s the p ro p o rti o n of gu tta p e rch a w a s t o o l a rge a nd the -

m a te ri a l u se d did no t c o nta i n e nou gh o f the o xid e of zi nc ; i n

s uch c a se s i t m o r e r e a dily d e c o mp o se s M y e xp e r i e nc e i s th a t .
,

gu tta p e rch a i s v e ry sa f e th e re E v e n so m e tim e s wh e n it c o m e s

—
.

o ut, i t will b e f o u nd t h a t i t ha s p re se r v e d t he to o th w he re a ,
s.

t he c e m e nt will b e di sso lv e d o ut i n a fi ne “ 11 3 a t the c e r vic a l

b o rd e r e nd a ng e r i ng t he pulp
, I thi nk b e fo re u si ng gu tta .
,

p e rch a we sh o uld a sk t he qu e sti o ns : w ha t is it m a d e ho w

is it m a d e ? a nd i s i t o v e rh e a te d ? T he gu tta p e r ch a w hic h I u se
,
-

ha s ne v e r ha d a ny thi ng mi x e d wi th it i t is j u s t t he pu re gu t ta
p e rch a and o x id e o f zi nc c o m bi n d in the p ro p o rti o n f e ig ht e o

p a rts by w e igh t o f the xid e f zi nc to o ne p a r t by w e igh t o f

.
o o
4 50 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN T I S T R Y .

gu tta p e r ch a S o m e m e n sta te t h a t i t c a nno t b e c o mbi ne d i n

-

t ho se p re p o r ti o ns b u t tha t i s simply b e c a u se t h e y h a v e t r i e d t o
,

do i t t o o quickly .

DR CLA PP : I thi nk t h at i t i s p ro v e d b e y o nd a d o ub t th a t
.
—

t he pi nk g utta p e r ch a i n m a ny c ase s i s a v e r y du ra bl e filli ng

-

, , ,

a nd I supp o se f r o m t he w o r ki ng o f i t t h a t t h e r e ca n b e b u t a
, ,

v e ry sligh t a m o u nt o f the o xid e of zi nc i n i t as c o mp a re d wi th

the gu t t a p e rch a t ha t i s p re p a r e d e sp e ci a lly f o r filli ng ; so i t
—

se e m s t o m e t h a t the a m o u nt o f o xid e i n t he c o mbi na t i o n will

no t d e te r mi ne t he du r a bili ty of t he filli ng O ne r e aso n why .

pi nk gu tta p e r ch a p r e se r v e s the t e e t h so w e ll i s p ro b a bly o n

-

a cc o u nt O f i t s sligh t exp a nsi on wi thi n the c a v i ty .

D R WER N ER
. I n o r d er t o arr iv e a t t he t r u th as b e t w e e n
—

the se t w o filli ng m a te r i a l s e xp e r im e nt s mu st b e m a de u nd e r ,

simil ar c o ndi t i o ns a nd t h e r e f o r e i n the sa m e m o nt h

, , ,
.

D R H O P K I N S I w o uld like to a sk wh e th er D r H i tchc o ck

.
—
.

u se s gu tta p er ch a o r c e m e nt i n se tt i ng c ro w ns ?
-

D R H I TC H C O C K
. I h a v e tr i e d b o t h i n t h o se c ase s ; i t d e p e nd s
—

a g o o d d e a l o n the fi t o f t he c r o w n I f yo u h av e a go o d fitting .
-

cro w n, gu tta p e r ch a will do w e ll ; if not c e m e nt i s b e tter

—
,
.

DR H O PKIN S z G uttai percha gro ws h a rd wi th age and will

.
—

ho ld the c ro w n se cu r e ly a nd i t i s v e ry e a sy to t a k e a c ro w n o ff
, ,

if ne c e ssa ry .

DR H I TC H C O C K z H a v e fo u nd t he fungu s gro wth th at D r

.
—
.

B rigg s sp e a k s of u nd er gold c ap s se t wi t h gu tta p er ch a; the

,
-

te e t h h o w e v er w e re i n g o o d c o ndi t i o n
, ,
I generally use c e m ent .

i n se tt i ng c r o w ns .

A ME T HO D OF AD J U S TI N G L OG AN CR OW NS .

D R . S O
T D D A R D z—
Thi s c ro w n r e se mbl es a L oga n i n t he f a ct
t h a t i t i s a t o o t h w i t h a pl a t i num pi n b a k e d i nt o i t ; a n or di na ry
pl a te r ubb e r o r c o u nte r su nk te e th m ay b e u se d f or the pur
, ,
-

p o se pI ef e ra bl y the l atte r
,
T he r o o t i s p r e p are d a s f o r a n .

O I di nary L og an 01 0 wn a nd a pl a t i nu m p i n pl a c e d I n t he c a na l
, ,

a nd a n i m pI e ssi o n i s t a k e n ; a sm a ll pl a st e r m o d e l i s t h e nm a de -

l e a vi ng the pi n i n t he m o d e l I n the sa m e p o si ti on a s i n the r oo t ;

t he m o d e l i s she l l a ce d a nd o il e d sligh tly a nd if a r ubb er to o th , ,

is t o b e u se d i t i s pl a c e d i n p o si t i on a nd b o dy ( such a s i s u se d
,
 SO C IE T I E S .
45 1

f or c a rvi ng ) p a ck e d a ro u nd the pi ns a nd o v e r the e nd O f the

ro o t a nd tr imm e d to the d e si re d sh a p e a nd siz e
,
i t c a n th e n b e
r e m o v e d a nd b a k e d i n a ga s fu r na c e i n a f e w mi nu te s T he .

m e th o d o f u si ng a c o u nte r su nk to o th i s slightly diff e r e nt : T he

-

c o u nte r su nk p o rti o n i s fill e d w i th sof t b o dy w hich i s p r e sse d

-

d o w n 0 11 the m o d e l wi t h the p in i n p o si t i o n ; the sof t b o dy co n

f o r m s p erfe c tly to the e nd o f the ro o t and the pi n t o the di r c e ,

t i o n of the c a na l ; i t i s th e n t r imm e d r e m o v e d a nd b a k e d a nd , ,

is re a dy f o r i nse r t i o n wi th o u t g r i ndi ng T he a dv a nta g e s o f thi s .

m e th o d a re o bvi o u s : the c ro w n ha s the sa m e di a m e te r a s the

e nd o f the r oo t a nd c o nf o r m s t o i ts c o nto u r p e r f e c tly
,
.

PRE S EN T A T ION OF S P E C I M EN S ,

PRE S I D EN T COOKE I will p re se nt thi s m o d e l show i ng a li ttl e

—
,

i rr e gul ar d e v e l o p e m e nt T he re a re t w o l a te ra l s o n t he l e ft sid e
.
,

a nd e i t h e r t w o l a tera l s u ni t e d o n t he r igh t sid e o r e l se the ca ,

ni ne a nd l a t er a l a re u ni te d T he t e mp o rary c a ni ne s a re still i n
.

p o si ti o n .

1 a l so ha d a c a se wh e r e I wi sh e d t o a dj u st a L o g a n c ro w n ,

a nd ne v e r h a vi ng se t o ne si nc e I g ra du a t e d f r o m the sch oo l a nd ,

no t wi shi ng t o go t o the t ro ubl e o f g r i ndi ng it a n d g e t ti ng it to

fi t a ccu ra t e ly as d e sc r ib e d by the d e nta l o r a t or s a t d e nt a l m ee t
,

i ng s I re m e mb e re d of D r S to dd ar d t e lli ng m e o f thi s m e th o d : I
,
.

u se d it in th a t c a se pu tti ng a pl ati num pin i n the ro o t a nd p a ck

,

i ng t he b o dy aro u nd i t ; it fit te d v e r y ni c e ly I h a v e f e lt t h at .

D r S to dd a r d sh o uld h a v e c re di t f or thi s imp ro v e m e nt a nd th a t

.
,

i t sh o uld re a lly b e c a ll e d the S to dd a r d c ro w n .

D R BR I G G s
. I ha d a c a se a sh o r t t im e a go of a c a ni ne r o o t
—

which w as v e ry much d e c ay e d up u nd e r the gum r u nni ng o u t ,

t o thi n e dg e s a t t he w a ll s a nd I did no t k no w j ust wh a t I c o uld

,

p u t 0 11 i t D r St
. o dd a r d ki ndly m a d e m e such a t oo th a s thi s
.
,

a nd I c a n sp e a k o f i ts p e rf e c t a d a pt a t i o n a nd fit I t m ade a .

v e ry p e culi ar l oo ki ng te e th the e na m e l a ri si ng c o nic a lly up

-

a ro u nd t he p i n; b u t wh e n pu t up i nto pl a c e i t fit te d so w e ll t h a t ,

it w o uld st a y i n pl a c e w i th o u t a ny c e m e nt .

D R CLA PP. Thi s i s a m o d e l o f a c ase th a t is o f i nte re st to

—

me . T he c e nt ra l i nci so rs ha d se p a ra te d c o nsid e r a bly p a rti a lly ,

o n a cc o u nt o f the l oss o f b a ck te e th a nd p a rti a lly o n a cc o u nt o f

4 52 TH E A R C HI VE S OF DE N TI S TR Y .

di sea se O f the so ck e t aro u nd the r igh t c e ntral T he righ t ce n .

t ra l w as r a th e r l o o se a nd pu s di sch a rgi ng aro u nd the roo t It .

ha d c onsid e r a bly e l o ng a te d a nd thi s e l o ng a t i o n to g e th e r wi th

, ,

the e nl a r g e d sp a c e b e t w e e n t he i nci sors w as givi ng t he p a t i e nt ,

c o nsid e ra bl e tro ubl e H e w a s b e gi nni ng to li sp m o r e or l e ss

. .

a nd the t o o t h p ro trudi ng so m uch w a s a l so a n a nnoy a nc e I .

d re w t h e se t o g e th e r a nd e qu aliz e d the sp a c e b e twe e n the f o u r

f ro nt te e th a nd th e n h e ld t he c e ntral s t og e th er wi t h a sta pl e a nd
sh o r te ne d t he e l o ng a t e d i nci so r T he p a t i e nt w a s v e r y m uch .

b e ne fi te d a nd v e ry much pl e a se d a t the ch a nge a nd I w o uld say

t h a t he w as ne arly six ty y e a r s o f a ge a nd w a s the o ld e st subj e c t
I e v e r ha d f or r e gul at i o n T he a ppli ance ha s no t be e n i n v ery
.

l o ng. I b e gan the re gul a ti on on Fe b r u ary 1 l th a nd p ut in the ,

a ppl ia nc e o n M ar c h 4 t h .

D R PO TT E R
. I h e a r d o ur P re sid e nt say th a t he lik e d a m i r
—

I h a v e m a de one wi th a m e ta l h and l e
'

r o r wi t h a he av y h a ndl e .
,

b e c a u se I b e li e v e th at a m e ta l h andl e ca n b e m ore e a sily k e p t

'

cl e a n B e sid e s y ou will not ic e t h e se sm oo th j o i nts I b e li e v e

‘

t h a t al l d e nta l i nstr um e nts sh o uld h a v e sm

.
,
.

o o t h j o i nt s wh e re i t i s

p o ssibl e so t h at the y ca n r e a dily b e k e p t cl e an

,
.

PRE S I D EN T COOKE I w o uld say th a t I h a v e ha d c onsid e ra bl e

—

t r o ubl e wi t h the w o o d e n h a ndl e b rea ki ng o ff wh e r e i t e nt e rs the

m et a l p a r t I h a v e ha d a h a ndl e m a d e ou t o f r ubb e r and it i s
.

he a vy a nd v e ry stro ng T he stre ngt h c o mi ng f ro m a c o ne m a d e

.

f ro m an e xc a v a tor .

D R TAF T. I w o uld lik e t o ge t t he o pi ni o ns o f so m e o f the

—

1 1 1 e mb e rs wi t h r e g a r d t o a c a se which I h a v e i n ha nd T he pa .

t i e nt i s a y o u ng l a dy t w e nty se v e n y e a r s o f a ge
, S he ha s al l
-

he r wi sd o m t e e t h i n e a ch j a w b o th upp er a nd l o w e r a nd a l l the
, ,

p e r m ane nt bicu spid s e xc e pt i ng o n the l o w e r r igh t i nferi o r she

,

ha s b ut o ne t ha t i s c r o wd e d up a ga i nst the c a ni ne the se c o nd

d e cidu o u s m o l ar st ill re m a i ns i n pl a c e S he ha s the t h re e pe r .

m a ne nt m ol ar s N o w the qu e st i on i s i s t h a t se c ond p e rm a
.
, ,

ne nt bi cu spid u nd er ne a th th a t m o l ar ; a nd if so w o uld i t b e ,

a dvi sa bl e t o e x t r a c t t he m o l a r a nd t a k e the ch a nc e s o f t he bicu s

pid c o mi ng up ? T he o cclu si on i s a lm o st p erf e ct ; b ut the fi rst

p e r m ane nt bicu spid i s c r o wd e d a nd wh e n y ou c o m e to e x a mi ne ,

mi nu te ly i t is a n a wkw ar d sta te of a ff a i rs I w ould lik e t o k no w

,
.
 SO C IE T IE S . 4 53

if , i n t h o se
c a se s wh e re w e fi nd the d e ci d u o u te e th re m a i ni ng a t s

t ha t a ge i t is b e st t o e x t ra c t t h e m wi t h t he e xp e c ta t i o n O f ha v
.

i ng the p e r m a ne nt o ne s e rup t ?

P R E S I D EN T COOKE I h ha s b e e n o ne o f the r ul e s of my p r a e
—

t ic e to l e t w e l l e no ugh a l o ne I f yo u ta k e o ut t he d e cidu o u s .

t o o th a nd t he p e r m a ne nt o ne d o e s no t e r up t y o u will p ro b a b l y ,

h a v e a b re a ki ng up o f o cclu si o n 0 11 th a t sid e I h a v e ha d a c a se .

w h e re I fill ed a r igh t l o w e r te mp o ra ry m o l ar f o r a l a dy fif ty
se v e n y e a r s O l d a nd h a v e a l so se e n a l e f t te mp o r ary c a ni ne i n
,

pl a c e i n the m o u th of a ge ntl e m a n a b o u t fi fy fi v e I f the t e m -

p ra ry t o o th i s so u nd a nd t h e r e i s no tro ubl e I sh o uld l e t i t

o
“

, ,

re m a i n

D R PAGE . I h a v e t h r e e c a se s t h a t I h a v e w a t ch e d f o r t w e lv e
—

y e a rs O ne i s a p a t i e nt o f a b o u t thi r ty tw o a noth er i s a b o u t
.
-

f orty a nd the o t h e r i s fif ty o dd y e ars

, O ne c ase I t hi nk i s the .

l e f t i nfe r i o r fi rst d e cidu o u s m o l a r a no t h e r the r igh t i nfer i or de ,

c id uo us fi rst a nd r igh t i nf e r i o r d e cidu o u s se c o nd A ll the pe r .

m a ne nt te e th a re i n p o si t i o n b ut th e re i s no i ndic a ti o n wh ate v e r ,

o f the bicu spid m a ki ng i t s a pp e ara nc e I h a ve fill e d a l l the se c ase s

a nd k e p t th e m i n p o si t i o n a nd I se e no i ndic a ti o n o f t he p e r m a
,

ne nt t e e t h e rup ti ng I a dvi se k e e pi ng th e m in p osi ti on a s D r

.
,
.

C oo k e say s I f I f o u nd a d e cid e d a pp e a ra nc e 0 11 the gum th a t

.

t h e re w a s t ro ubl e I sh o uld th e n e x t a c t ; o th e r wi se I b e li e v e i n
,
:

k e e pi ng t he t oo th
H L UP HAM D M D
.

. . .
, .

B 1470 ) [f r/w :
a rd O d ontol og i ca l S o c ie ty .

T REA TM ENT OF D E C I D UOU S T EET H .

BY DR H . . s LO W R Y K N A I T Y
.
, A S S C .

. M r P r esident
. a nd
My o nly Obj e c t i n re a di ng thi s p a p e r b e f o re yo u to da y i s to -

f o rc e o ne sm gl e p o i nt up o n y o u th a t I s p e rh a p s no t o ri g i na l , , ,

bu t t o my mi nd i s imp o rta nt a nd ha s b e e n a o u rc e o f p ro f o u nd
.
, s

sa t i sf a c t i o n a nd b e ne fi t b o t h t o my p a ti e nts a nd my se lf
, .

I t I s a f a c t a s g e ne ra lly k no w n a s a ny p ri ncip a l i n d e nt i s try

, ,

*
R ead b e f o re t he M isso u r i S t a te D
. e nt a l A ss o c i a t io n I .
'
e rt l e S p r i ng s . J ul y
9t h . 1800 .
 TH E A R C HIVE S OF DEN T I S TR Y .

t h a t the d e cidu o u s t e e th sh o uld b e re ta i ne d in the m o u t h of the

child e i th er by na tu ra l or a rt ifici a l m e a ns u nt il nat u re di sp oses
o f the m t h ro ugh t he p r o c e ss o f a b so r p t i o n I t i s a xi o m a t ic t h a t .

t he d e cidu o u s t e e t h if re ta i ne d a ssi st t he p er m a ne nt t e e t h i n
, ,

e xp a ndi ng the a lv e o l ar a r ch T he p e r m ane nt t e e t h e r up t by

.

p a i rs : fi rst the si x y e a r m o l a rs ; se c ond t he c e ntral s ; thi rd l at

, , ,

er a l s ; f o u rt h fi rst bicu spid s fif th se c o nd bicu spid s ; S ix th , ca

, ,

ni ne s ; se v e nt h se c o nd m o l a r s ; e igh t t hi r d m o l a rs o r wi sd o m
, ,

t e e th . C o i ncid e nt w i th the g ro w th a nd er upt i o n o f t he p e r m a

ne nt t e e t h the d e cidu o u s ro o t s a b sor b h e nc e t he milk c e ntr a l s ,

a r e t he fi r st t o b e mi spl a c e d Th e re i s a m o st w ond e rful and

.

b e a u tif ul p ro vi si o n o f natu r e th a t ste p s i n j u st at t hi s p o i nt a nd

a sse r t s i t se lf wi th such f or c e t h a t i t mu st b e h e ar d T he f o r m .

a nd d e sig n o f t he p e r m a ne nt t e e t h a re no t m a d e wh o lly wi t h a

vi e w t o t he i r u se a s m ast ic a to rs b ut p ar tly wi th a vi e w t o fa ci l
,
‘

i t a t ing the i r e r up t i o n L e t m e illu stra te my m e ani ng up o n t he

.

L
bo a r d . Y o u h a v e al l Ob se r v e d the f o r m o f c e ntr a l s.
C a n you not se e a t a gl a nc e t h a t t he w e dgi ng p ro c e ss i s f a r
m ore c o mpl e t e than i t w ou ld b e if the di sta l su rfa c e s of b o t h the
'

ce ntral s a nd l ate ra l s w e r e l e ss r ou nd e d ; and so o n al l the w ay

t h ro ugh y o u ca n f o ll o w o u t t he f o r m s O f the v a r i o u s te e th in r e
l a t i o n to th e i r succ e ssiv e sta g e s of e r up ti o n a nd the ne c e ssi ty o f
such f o r m s w i l l b e c o m e m ore a nd m o re a pp a r e nt a s y ou stu dy

t he p r o c e ss . T he l a st d e cidu o u s te e t h t o b e suppl a nt e d a r e t he
c ani ne s ; a nd o f ne c e ssi ty t he p e rm ane nt c ani ne m u st assum e i ts
o ne cu sp sha p e p assi ng d o w n b e t w e e n t he p e r m a ne nt l a t e ra l a nd
-

fi r st bi cu spid ro ots ; a s i t d o e s i t w e dg e s b o th w ay s a nd mu st
, ,

h a v e t h a t sl e d r u nne r a pp ro xim a ti o n so w e ll k no w n t o u s a l l .

T he d e cidu o u s t e e t h sh o uld b e r e ta i ne d t h e n b e c a u se wi t h o u t , ,

th e m a lv e o l ar e xp a nsi o n i s i nc o mpl e te a nd t h e n a s a se c o nd a r y

c o nsid e r ati o n t h e y sho uld b e r e ta i ne d b e c au se o f th e i r d a ily u se

a s m ast i c a t ors ; a nd l a stly b e c a u se t h e y p r e se r v e t h a t i n which

t he p a r e nt s o f the p re se nt da y ( a nd r ig htly to o ) t a k e so muc h

p r id e a nd d e ligh t viz : B e a u ty I tru st t h e n w e ca n al l a gre e
,
. .
, ,

up on the imp or tanc e of sa vi ng the b a by t e e t h ”

T he fi rst
“
.

st e p t o w a r d d e cidu o u s p r e se r v at i o n i s c are ful a nd p e r si ste nt i n

st r uc t i o n t o the p are nt s to k e e p t he t e e t h o f t h e i r child re n

sc r upul o u sly cl e a n Fe w p a re nt s r e a liz e the i m p ort a nce of t hi s

.
,
 SO C IE T IE S . 4 55

b e c a u se th e y k no w li ttl e o f th e i r v alu e a nd g e ne ra l u se ful

so

ne ss . Y o u a nd I are r e sp o nsibl e f o r thi s a nd w e sh o uld a l l

hid e o u r guil ty f a c e s wi th sh a m e b e c a u se o f the p a i n i n t he
m o u th s o f t he li ttl e o ne s a nd the p a i n i n the h e a rts o f the f o nd
,

a nd l o vi ng m o th e r s b r o ugh t a b o u t by o u r willful a nd a lm ost m a

l i c io us ne gl e c t
. I t i s se ld o m w e a re c a ll e d up o n t o e x a m i ne a
’
child s m o nth u nt il it is b ro ugh t t o u s wi th a n a chi ng to o th a nd ,

thi s i s a l so a mi st a k e t h a t w e sh o u ld c o rre c t ; b u t t he na tu ra l
’
a v e r si o n o f the child t o the d e nt i st a nd t he m o th e r s symp a thy
,

f o r the ch ild re nd e rs thi s di fficul t T he succ e ss o f a n o p e r a t i o n

.

’
up o n a child s to o th d e p e nd s l a rg e ly up o n t he g e ne r a l b e ari ng o f
the d e nt i st to w a r d the child I nspi re it wi th c o nfid e nc e ste a l
.
,

i ts y o u ng h e ar t whil e it i s t e nd e r a nd the fl ash o f t he e xc a v a to r

a nd chi se l d o e s no t p o sse ss t h a t d e g re e O f t e r ro r t ha t t h e y w o uld

t o a d o ub tful a nd f righ te ne d child C o u rte o u s symp ath e t ic a nd

.
,

l o vi ng d e p or tm e nt o n t he p a rt o f the d e nti st giv e s to the ch ild a

f e e li ng of se cu r i ty and to t he p are nt a n a dmi ra ti on a nd re sp e c t
,

t h a t th e y wi l l ne v e r f o rg e t A child sh o uld no t b e hu rt i n t he
'

d e nta l ch a i r b e c a u se i t i s no t ne c e ssar v p ro b a bly ne v e r ne c e ssa ry

i n t he o p e ra t i o n o f filli ng te e th if p r o p e r t im e i s giv e n a nd p ro p
,

e r j udgm e nt u se d a s t o t he pl a n of p r o c e du r e Th e re a re t h re e .

filli ng m a te r i a l s a dmi ssa bl e i n the p re se r v a ti o n o f d e cidu o u s t e e t h ,

viz : o xyph o sph a te o f zi nc gu tta p e rch a a nd a m alg a m : o f the

.
,
-

t h r e e o xyph o sph a te o f zi nc i s p r e f e r a b l e a nd sh o uld b e u se d a l

, ,

w ay s wh e n t he c a vi ty ca n b e k e p t p e rfe c tly dry f o r a f e w mi nu te s ;

b u t t hi s is no t a lw a y p o ssi bl e a nd wh e n s uch is th e c a se a m a l
,

a m sh o uld b e u se d T h e st ro ng p o i nt i n f a v o r o f ph o sph a t e o f
g .

zi nc l ay s i n the f a c t th a t i t c a n b e pl a c e d a nd w e ll pl a c e d t o o , ,

i n a c a vi ty o f a ny sha p e o r f o rm wi t h b u t li ttl e pre pa ra ti a n i t

, ,

b e i ng o nly ne c e ssa ry to se e t h a t t he e na m e l m a rgi ns a r e h a rd ,

m a ki ng b u t l i t tl e di ff e re nc e a s t o the i nte r i o r o f the c a vi ty ,

wh e th e r i t b e w e l l e x c a v a te d o r o nly t he so fte ne d a nd a lm o s t
d e ta ch e d t i ssu e r e m o v e d which o p e r a ti o n ca n b e p e rf o rm e d
,

wi th o u t p a i n whil e if a m alg a m o r gu tta p e r ch a is e mpl oy e d t he -

c a vi ty mu st b e f re e d f ro m a l l d e c ay a nd mu st p o sse ss th a t nu ,

d e rout f or m ati o n whi ch i s f re qu e ntly p a i nful a nd difficul t to o h .

t a i n ; a nd e v e n if the p ro c e ss o f d e c ay i s such a s t o m a k e the

c a vi ty re te ntiv e th e th o ro ugh re m o v a l o f the d e c a y w hich is so
, ,
 THE AR CH I VE S or DE N T T I S R Y .

ne c e ssa ry f o r a m alg am , is b o th p a i nful a nd t i re so m e to y o ur

li ttl e p a ti e nt .

Thu s f a r I h a v e c o nsid e re d t he t re a t m e nt o f vi ta l d e cid uou s

t e e t h a nd no w t o the f e a t u re o f thi s p a p e r t h a t I w a nt t o c a ll
,

s p e ci a l a tt e nt i o n to
’
I f a p are nt S h ould p re se nt a child to you
.

w ho w a s sufle ri ng f ro m d e cidu o u s p ulpi t i s o r a lv e o l a r a b sc e ss ,

u su a lly c a ll e d gum b o il I b e li e v e m ost o f y o u w o uld r e sort to

-

a b o u t t he sa m e t r e a t m e nt a nd giv e a b o u t t he sa m e i nst r uc t i o ns

t h a t I h a v e p ra c t ic e d up t o a b o u t o ne y e a r a go I m e a n you .
,

w o uld fi rst a sc e rta i n the c a u se o f t he t ro u b l e wh e t h e r i t b e f ro m ,

e xp o sur e o f a livi ng ne r v e or f ro m a pic a l i rr i t a t i o n f ro m a d e a d

,

ne r v e ( a nd t he t r o ubl e i s near ly a lw a y s du e t o o ne o f th e se t w o
p a t h ol ogic a l c o ndi t i o ns) a nd if f ro m the f o r m e r y o u w o uld
, ,

m ak e a n a pplic a ti on o f p ure c ar b o lic a cid which will a lw ay s giv e ,

i mm e di ate re li e f t h e n i nstruc t y o u r li ttl e h e ro or h e ro i ne as

, , ,

t he c ase m a y b e t o r e t u r n if t he p a i n r e cu rre d ; o ne o r tw o a p
,

p lic a t i o ns o f c ar b olic a cid will d e st r o y t he ne r v e a nd w e f e e l ,

t h at o u r w o r k i s c o mpl e t e I f t he li ttl e suff e r e r i s a vic tim to

.

t he se c o nd c a u se v i z : a pic a l i rr i t a t i o n w e w o uld o p e n f re e ly
,
.
,

i nt o the pulp ch a mb e r w a sh wi th p e ro xid e a nd p art icip a te wi t h

,

t he child i n t he pl e a su r e o f r e a dy re li e f a nd so di smi ss i t wi t h ,

no thi ng b e t t e r t h a n a fe t id ch ro nic supura t io n so o ffe nsiv e a nd ,

na u se a t i ng th a t i t m a k e s t he child i ts m o t h e r a nd a l l o f i t s pl ay,

m ate s sick I S t hi s a l l d e nt i stry ca n d o f o r such a ca se ?

.

A li ttl e gi rl se ve n y e ars O l d w ho ha d b e e n u nde r the ca re o f

, ,

a skillful d e nt i st w a s se nt t o m e b y t he f a mily phy sici a n a l l o f

,

t he c a vi t i e s i n he r t e e th t h a t he r fo r m e r d e nt i st d e e m e d fill ab l e ,

w e r e w e ll fill e d b u t fi v e m ol a rs c o nt a i ne d sl o ughi ng ne rv e s .

H e i nf o r m e d t he p a re nt s th a t the se fi v e c o uld no t a nd mu st no t
b e fill e d : t h a t i t w a s wh o lly imp ra c t ic a bl e a nd c r u e l to a t te mp t
t o re m o v e a ne r v e f ro m a d e cid uo u s t o o t h w h o se r o o t s w e r e
p a r tly a b so rb e d a nd fi l l the ro o t c a nal s a nd c a vi ty S he w a s
, .

se nt t o m e b e c a u se o f l o ss o f a pp e t i te a nd na u se a t ha t b e c a m e

a l a r mi ng ; a l l o f w hic h t he phy sici a n a t tr ibu te d t o t he c o ndi ti o n

o f he r t e e th . Y o u will p a rd o n m e if I r e ci t e t o y o u wh at a
’
w o nd e rful m e ta m o r ph o si s w a s w r o ug ht i n t h a t child s c o ndi ti o n
i n t hre e d a y s a nd ho w t he ch a ng e w a s b r o ugh t a b o u t
,
T he .

ne c e ssi ty f or p ro mp t a c ti o n i nduc e d m e to di sm i ss a p a t i e nt up o n
 SO C I E T IE S . 4 57

wh o m I w a s o p e ra ting a nd thu s giv e to t he li ttl e e m a ci a te d , , ,

s t a rvi n child t he e a rli e st p o ssi bl e a tte nt i o n I I I o ne h o u r a nd

g .

t hi r ty m inu te s I e x c a v a te d t h o se fiv e ne r v e l e ss te e th w a sh e d the ,

pulp ch a m b e rs ( no t the ro o t c a na l s) w i th a p e ll e t O f c o tton sa tu

ra te d wi t h p e ro x id e a nd l a rg e e no ugh to fil l t he c ha m b e r ( t hi s i s

d o ne wi th a pumpi ng m o t i o n) T he p e ro x id e w as th e n al l a h .

so r b e d to d ry ne ss a nd t he s a m e o p e r a t i on re p e a te d b u t wi th

c a mph o ph o niqu e d ri e d a g a i n a nd i o dof o rm e c o no mic a lly du ste d

-

, ,

i nto t he pulp ch a mb e r w hic h w a s t he n fill e d wi th a p e ll e t O f ,

c o tt o n t ho ro ug hl v sat u rat e d w 1 th liq uid gu tta p e r ch a ; the su r

,
-

plu s gu t ta p erch a w a s t he n a bso rb e d a w a y a nd t he c a vi ti e s fill e d

-

,
’
w i t h VV e sto n s i nso l u a b l e c e m e nt Y o u w o uld nat u ra lly i nf er .

’
t h a t t he child s w e a k e ne d c o ndi t i o n w o uld no t w arra nt such t a x

a t i o n a s o ne h o u r a nd a h a lf w o uld l e vy ; b u t i t w as a t a x if i n
-

(
d e e d i t ca n b e c a ll e d suc h) wi th l es s p e na l ty a tta ch e d th a n m o st
O f u s a r e i n t he h a bi t o f g e tt i ng o ff wi t h
. T he m o th e r w as so .

e l a te d wi t h t he imp r o v e m e nt i n he r child t h a t she t o o k sp e ci a l

o cc a si o n t o c o m e t o my o ffic e t h re e d a y s a f te r t he Op e r a t i o n t o

i nf o rm m e t h a t t he l i ttl e o ne had b e e n f re e f ro m p a i n a nd na u se a
a nd ha d r e g a i ne d a no rm a l a pp e t i t e .

I h a ve t re a te d m a ny simili ar ca se s a nd al l wi th go o d re sul ts , ,

ne v e r a s v e t h a vi ng ha d sub se qu e nt p a i n o r f a ilu r e T he k e y .

s t o ne o f my p a p e r i s pl a c e d a nd b e f o r e y o u a nd I tr u st o u will
y ,

a l l t e s t i ts st re ng th i n t he di scu ssi o n th a t will f o ll o w a nd i n y o u r

r e sp e c t iv e d e nt a l ch ai r s a t h o m e M a ny o t he r p o i nt s o f i nte re st .

c o uld b e e mb ra c e d u nd e r the h e a d o f T re a tm e nt of D e cidu o u s

Te e th b u t my o bj e c t w a s no t to w e a ry y o u wi th a n e xh a u stiv e
,
”

p a p e r o n t he s u bj e c t (no r c o uld I if I w o uld ) b u t to giv e y o u ,

t he r e s ul t O f a n e xp e ri e nc e wi th wh ich I h a v e b e e n so much
pl a rse d a nd g ra tifi e d a nd a dj u st i t so a s to c o nsum e the l e a st
,

p o s ibl e t im e which t o thi s c o nv e nti o n is m o re v a lu a bl e th a n

s
,

t he e x te nd e d id e a s a nd sugg e sti o ns o f a ny o ne p e rso n

, .

D R . H UGO E
. . V V
AN G E L I N E , g ra du a te of Mi sso u ri D e nta l
t he
C ll e g e ha s re c e iv e d
o , t he a pp o i ntm e nt o f D e m o nstra to r o f C ro w n
a nd B ri dg e W o rk i n t he C o ll e g e o f D e nti stry D e p a rtm e nt O f
,

M e dici ne U niv e rsi ty o f Mi nne so ta ,

.
 A H VE
TH E DE T Y R C I S or N I STR .

THEORIE S AN D P RA CT I C E .

B Y D R w M ART ER E DALIA I OURI

. . . C ,
S ,
M SS .

M n P resi dent a/nd G entl e m en

An e mi ne nt E ngli
h a u th or has sa id sp e cul a t iv e p a i nti ngs
s
“

wi th o ut t he a ssi stanc e o f m a nu a l op e ra t i o n can ne ve r a tta i n to

p e rf e cti o n I f th o se w ho h a v e a dv a nc e d th e ori e s i n the d e nt a l
”
.

p ro fe ssi on ha d ta k e n the a b o v e qu o ta ti o n f or a m o tto i n c a lli ng

t o t h e i r a ssi sta nc e m a nu a l o p e ra t i o n b e f o r e a sse r t i ng the i r cl a im s ,

t he y w o uld h a v e sa v e d t he di sse mi na ti o n o f m a ny e r ro rs A nd .

t o say the l e a st o f i t sa v e d much di sa pp o i nt m e nt

,
B ut a mbi .

t i ou s m a n, e a g e r to t e ll the w orld so m e t hi ng ne w Of te n a dv a nc e s ,

t h e o r i e s t ha t i n p ra c t ic e p ro v e to b e w ort hl e ss I f o ne h a l f o f .
-

the t h e o r i e s w er e tr u e t h a t h a v e b e e n adv a nc e d ho w m a ny u n ,

su r m o u nta bl e b e a ri ng s w o uld b e r e m o v e d a nd ho w m a ny ch asm s

'
'

w o ul d b e br idg e d o v e r th a t w e h a v e ne v e r be e n a bl e t o c ro ss
T he ra pid p r o g re ss m a d e i n d e nt i st ry o f re c e nt y e a rs has b e e n
due to the p r im e imp o rta nc e pl a c e d o n cli nic a l i nstr uc ti o n a n d ,

se e i ng t h a t so much ha s b e e n a cc o mpli she d i n t hi s w a w e h ave

y ,

goo d r e a so n t o b e li ev e t h at in c o mi ng y e a r s t hro ugh m a nu a l

t ra i ni ng a d e g re e o f p ro fici e ncy will h a v e b e e n r e a ch e d f a r su r
p a ssi ng o ur m o st sangui ne e xp e c ta ti o ns I t i s o nly my pu rp o se .

t o c a ll y o u r a tte nt i o n succi nc tly t o a f e w t h e o r i e s t h a t h a v e b e e n

a dv a nc e d th a t w e ar e al l f a mili ar wi th N o t m a ny y e a r s a go
.

wh a t a n a wful cry w e nt up a ga i nst t he u se Of a m al g a m P ro mi .

ne nt m e n p o u r e d o u t t h e i r t h e o r e t i ca l a na t h e m as a g a i nst i t ,

d e pic ti ng i n i ts u se al l m anner o f i nj u r i o u s re sul ts b u t th r ough

t he ne c essi t i e s O f t he p o or I thi nk much c r e di t i s d u e t o t he
c o u ntry d e nt i st i n his p ersi ste nt u se o f i t no twi thst andi ng he ,

w as o f t e n li te r a l l y e xc o r i a te d by p ro mi ne nt m e n b e f o r e o ur as
so ci a t i o ns a nd t h r o ugh o u r j o u r na l s B ut g e ntl e m e n t h e r e has
.
, ,

b e e n a d e cid e d ch a ng e a nd m any w ho o nc e to ld of i ts supp o se d

,

e vil e ff e c t s no w t e ll o f i ts vi rt u e s L i ste n wh at C S Butl e r of

. . .
,

Bu ff a l o r e ce ntly sa i d : I ha d a p a t i e nt that c a m e t o m e t e n o r
,
“

t w e lv e y e a r s a g o wi t h t e e t h t h a t I c o uld no t fill wi th g o ld ; I
fill e d wi t h a m alga m a nd st a t e d t h at i t migh t l ast t h r e e y e a r s b u t ,

*R
e ad b e f ore t h e M i ssour i S t a te D e nt al A ssoci a ti on, P e rtl e S p r ing s,
'

J ul y , 1 890 .
 SO C IE T IE S . 4 59

ho w l o ng , wa s u nc e r ta i n
Th e se te e th a re d o i ng g o o d se rvic e
.

to day a nd I do no t se e why th e y sh o uld no t l a st t e n y e a r s

‘
-

m o re I f re e ly a dmi t th a t I c o u l d no t h a v e d o ne i t wi th g o ld
. .

B ut o th e r s migh t h a v e d o ne i t ”
G e ntl e m e n I co uld giv e yo u
.
.
,

m a ny m ore j u st such fl a tter i ng t e st im o ni al s b u t i t i s ne e dl e ss

'

'

.
,
’
Tw e nty y e a rs a go a d e nt i st O f D r Bu tl e r s sta ndi ng w o uld h a v e .

h a rdl y ha d the c o u r a g e to h a v e publi sh e d the a b o v e c ase i n

p ra c t ic e S O y ou se e t w e nty y e a rs a go a m a lga m w ast he ore ti
.
,

c ally c o nsid e re d u nfi t f o r a fi l li ng m a te ri a l by a m aj o r i ty of the

l e a di ng d e nt i sts b ut tO day i t r ank s high i n p ra c tic e a s a v a lu a bl e
,
-

sub st i t u t e f o r g o ld I only k no w b ut one d enti st in the S ta te

.

O f Mi sso u r i w ho has a ny i ncli na t i o n t o c o nd e m n i t s u se a nd I ,

t hi nk i t i s b e c a u se he ha s ne v e r u se d i t I h av e h e ar d him sav .

t h a t he w o uld lib era lly re w a r d a ny o ne w ho c o uld S h o w him a n

a m a l g a m filli ng t ha t he ha d e v er i nse rt e d I am tr uly gl a d f or .

the ch a ng e th a t has ta k e n pl a c e ; f o r a m a lg a m i n i t s di scr i m i

na te u se i s a bl e ssi ng to hum a ni ty A nd to d a y t he r ich a nd the .

p oor the high a nd the l o w d e m and i ts u se

,
.

I wi sh ne x t to c a ll y o u r a tte nti o n to what w a s cl a im e d O f co

c a i ne F ro m t im e imm e m o ri a l the hum an f a mily h a v e b e e n try
.
,

i ng to fi nd i n na tu re a p e rf e c t a no di ne A nd wh e n c a m e the ne w s .

o f the di sc o v e ry O f i t s vi rt u e s w e r e a d t he f a bul o u s a cc o u nt s O f
,

i ts p e culi ar a d a p ta bili ty i n d e nta l p r a c t ic e A nd w e h o p e d th a t .

the l o ng so ugh t f o r ha d b e e n f o u nd f or t he t h e o ri st cl a im e d th a t ,

t h ro ugh i ts my s tic i nflu e nc e a l l d e nt a l o p e ra ti o ns c o uld b e p e r

fo rm e d p a i nl e ss B ut i n p ra c tic e i t ha s b e e n c o nclu siv e ly d e m o n
.

stra t e d t h a t t hi s i s no t t he e a se Whil e i t h old s a n imp o rta nt

.

pl a c e i n d e nta l m e dici ne stil l it f a ll s f a r sh o rt o f wh a t w a s

,
.

cl a im e d o f i t ; a nd no w l o o ki ng b a ck a t t he ho p e s w e o nc e e n
t e r ta ine d i n i ts Vi r tu e s w e a r e re m i nd e d o f the w o rd s o f F ra nk
,

l in wh e n he sa id H e th a t liv e th o n h o p e s will d ie f a st i ng
“ “
.

Wh e n the so c a ll e d d e nta l vi b ra to r wa s b ro ugh t b e f o re the p ro

-

f e ssi o n w i t h i ts cl a im s o f b e i ng a w o nd e r ful p a i n Ob tu ndi ng m a

chi ne I w a s so m e wh a t a mu se d ho w so m e p ra c ti ti o ne rs w e nt
,

wild o v e r i t Th e y w e re no t sa ti sfi e d wi th o w ni ng o ne b ut
.
,

b o ugh t the su rro undi ng te rri to ry i n o rd e r to d e b a r o th e r d e nti sts

i n t h a t te r ri to ry f ro m u si ng i t N o w si nc e i t ha s p ro v e n to b e
.
,

a f a ilu re I supp o se t h e y ca n a pp re ci a te t he m e a ni ng o f the p o e t s

’
,
4 60 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN TI S T RY .

w o rd s a s qu o te d a b o v e t h a t is ,
H e t h a t liv e th o n h o p e s w il l
° “

d ie f a st i ng e sp e ci a lly si nc e t h e i r e xp e r i e nc e c o st so m e thi ng
”
,

lik e t w o hu nd re d d o ll a rs i n o w n i ng t he w o nd e rful m a chi ne .

T he m o r e t h a t difficul t i e s c o nf ro nt u s, t he m o re u nte na bl e t h e o
r i e s will b e a dv a nc e d e sp e ci a lly i s thi s fi ne i n p a t h o l o gic al co n
,

d it io ns I t m a k e s m e w e a 1 y to c o nte mpl a te o v e 1 the v ast nu m

.

b e r o f t he o r i e s t ha t h a v e b e e n a dv a nc e d i n re g ar d t o py o rr h oea
a lv e o l a r i s Th e o r i sts te ll us wh a t i t i s and ho w to c um i t ; b u t
.

i n t he v e ry f a c e o f wh a t t h e y say w e se e t he d e nt a l ar ch go to ,

r ui n a nd w e st a nd h e lpl e ssly by
,
no t b e i ng a bl e t o ch e ck i ts
,

ra v ag e s S o by e xp e r i e nc e we se e t h a t i t i s much e asi e r t o te ll
.
,

ho w t o tre a t i t t h a n i t i s t o d e m o nst ra te the t ru th o f the th e o

r i e s i n a c t u a l p r a c t ic e H o w o f te n d o m e n g a i n w or ld W id e no
.
-

to ri e ty by a dv a nci ng t h e or i e s t h a t so Of te n p ro v e t o b e w or t h
l e ss I Th is re mi nd s m e o f D r Yo u ng e r w ho a dv e r ti se d to the .
,

w o rld t h at he co uld succ e ssf ul l y tra nspl a nt t e e th ; a nd notw ith ~

sta ndi ng a l l the e xci te m e nt he p ro duc e d a nd a l l t h a t w a s sa id

,

a nd w r i tt e n up o n thi s subj e c t i n p r a c tic e i t ha s b e e n d e m o n

,

stI a t e d cl ea 1 l t o my mi n d a t l e ast th a t i t c a n h a r dly b e

y , ,

cl a im e d t o b e j ust ifi a bl e p ra ct ic e Whe n w e c o nsid e r ho w m a ny

'

t h e o r i e s h a v e b e e n r e j e c te d w e sh o uld b e v e ry c a r e f ul a nd go
,
’
sl o w . A nd Of te n i t w o uld b e b e tt e r t o t a k e the p o e t s a dvic e
wh e n he say s ’ T i s wi sd o m t o b e w are a nd b e tt e r sh u n t he

b a i t t h a n st ruggl e i n the sna i r .

”

I no w wi sh t o c all yo u r a tte nti on to a f e w t h ough ts as re l ate

t o ci ty a nd c o u ntry p ra c t ic e I h a v e had o ccasi o n to thi nk
.

t h a t t he c o u nt ry d e nt i st i s Of te n u nj u st ly c r i t ici se d by d e nt i st s
i n l a rg e ci t i e s wh o se p ra c t ic e i s a m o ng the w e a l thy a nd e d u
,

c a t e d a nd w ho d o no t h a v e t o d e p e nd up o n t he m a sse s f o r p a t
,

r u ag e
o .I t i s no t so wi th t he c o u ntr y d e nt i st A t b e st he i s .

o nly a bl e t o m a k e a c o mp e t e ncy by w o r ki ng f or al l cl asses a nd ,

much p ra c t ic e that he w o uld lik e to do c a nno t b e c arri e d o ut , ,

o n a cc o u nt o f t he i ndiff e r e nc e a nd t he p e cu ni a r y i na bili t y o f .

m any of his p at i e nts A nd m a ny te e th a re e x tra c te d t h a t i t

.

w o uld b e f o lly i n fl yi ng t o sa v e not b e c a u se th e y c o uld not b e ,

sa v e d b u t t o t a lk t o m a ny a n u nl e tte r e d I u sti c a b o u t sa vi ng a n
,

a chi n
g t o o th w o uld b e lik e t a lki ng to t he wi nd o r c asti ng p e a 1 l s ,

b e f O I e s w i ne A nd f O I th e i 1 a c t i o ns i n t he se c ase s t h e y a re
‘

.
 SO C IE T IE S . 4 61

f te n c e nsu re d a nd c a ll e d u np ro f e ssi o na l by m e n w ho d o ub tl e ss
o

ne v e r d re a m e d o f t he d ifli c ul tie s tha t th w a r t the e ff o r t s o f t he

,c o u ntry d e nti st A l so m a ny c a se s p r e se nt t h e m se lve s b e f o re

.

t h e m wh e r e t he se r vic e s r e nd e re d sh o uld b e g o ld c r o w ns a nd
b r idg e w ork B ut thi s to o ha s to b e r e j e c te d and i n i ts pl a c e
.
, ,

chea p r ubb e r d e ntu re s i nse rte d Thi s sta t e of thi ng s i s no t d ue.

t o a ny ne g l ig e nc e 0 11 t he p a r t O f t he c o u ntry d e nt i st i n t ryi ng
to t e a ch hi s p a tr o ns t he i mp orta nc e o f sa vi ng t h e i r t e e th b ut ,

t h e i r indi ff e re nc e a nd t h e i r i nc o mp e te ncy t o p r o p e r ly r e m une r

,

a te t he d e nt i st f o r e v e r se a l s t he d oo m t o such w o r k
,
I o nc e .

ha d a n o cc a si o n to w r i te t o a ci ty b ro t h e r i n r e g a r d t o the
m e ri ts o f a ce 1 ta i n l o c a l a nae sth e ti c which w a s cl a im e d t o b e of
much v alu e 1 11 e x tra c ti ng t e e th I will give yo u hi s l e tte I v e I
zb

b a tim D e a rD o c tor I h a v e se e n the l o c a l a nae sth e t ic u se d

“
.
—

t h a t y o u 1 e f e 1 t o b u t h a v e ne v e I u se d I t 0 1 ne v e I sh a ll
, It , .

g re a tly p a i ns m e to se e tee th e x tra c te d r a th e r th a n sa v e d . .

Thi s w a s his l e tte r I will m a k e no c o mm e nts ; th e y a re no t

.

ne e d e d . A nd a g a i n a no t h e r p r o mi ne nt ci ty d e nt i st i n biddi ng
,

a p a t i e nt g o o d b e w h o w a s c o mi ng t o the t o w n to r e sid e wh e r e
y
-

I p ra c tic e r e c omm e nd e d he r to c a ll on t w o o th e r ge ntl e m e n o r

,

my se lf (al l m e mb e r s o f the Mi sso u r i St a te D e nta l A sso ci ati o n) ,

wh e n she ne e d e d d e nt i stry d o ne b ut w a rne d he r not to l e t a u v ,

o f u s e x tra c t a n
y o f he r t e e t h o r t h o se of he r child re n Thi s .

w as t he g r e e ti ng she g a v e m e wh e n she e nte r e d my o ffic e I .

i nf o r m e d he r th a t she w a s no t i n a n e x t ra c t i ng Offic e a nd th a t ,
.

she c o uld fi nd d e nt i sts i n m ost e v e ry c o u ntr y to w n o r vill a g e

who a pp re ci a te d t he v a lu e of te e th a s fully a s the g e ntl e m a n

w ho ha d giv e n he r t he a dvi c e G e ntl e m e n I a m g ro wi ng ti re d
.
,

o f the c o nt i nu a l tt st s th a t m e b e i ng m a d e a t t he c o u ntry d e n

t ist by so m e c ity e nt l e me n w ho sh o uld h a v e m o re ch a ri ty a nd

0t
g

l e ss se lf c o nc e i t I f th e y h a v e a d e si re to c ri tici se th e m e th o d s
.

t he c o u ntry d e nti st e mpl o y l e t th e m fi rst vi s i t t he i r o ffic e s

, ,

a nd th e re Ob ta i n a k no wl e dg e o f t he di fli c ul t ic s wi t h which t he v

ha v e to c o nte nd o r f o re v e r l e t t h e m h o ld th e i r p e a c e
, .

CAR D S h a v e b e e n re c e iv e d a nno u nci ng the m a rri a g e o f Mi ss

M a ry E Bu rk e to D r Th e o d o re J Phillip s W c d ne sda y m o rn
. . .
,

i ng S e p te mb e r 24 th a t S t E dw a r d s Chu rch Ci nci nna ti O hi o

‘
.
, , , , .
4 62 A HIVE TH DEN TI T Y
E R C S or S R .

PRA CTI C AL S UGGE STION S .

*

B Y D R E E HATT U K KAN A I T Y
. . . S C ,
S S C .

Ih o pe th f w
e se m k e ugg ti n I m k will
re ar s, o r s es o s a e, b e the
c a u se of i nspi r i ng ne w lif e i nt o so m e o f the d e nt i sts w ho k e e p
i n the sa m e o l d r u t y e a r a f te r y e a r H o w f e w m e n i n o u r pro .

f e ssi o n p o sse ss t he high sta ndi ng the y t h o ught t h e y w o uld a tt a i n

b e f ore j o i ni ng o u r ra nk s Wh at i s the re ason A re t h e y fi tte d
f o r the o cc up a t i o n t h e y h a v e ch o se n? I t i s sa id B e wh a t N a t u r e ,
“

i nte nd e d you f o r a nd yo u will succ e e d b ut b e a ny thi ng e l se a nd ,

y o u wil l b e w orse t h a n no t hi ng I s t h a t t he c ase I t

. hi”
nk i t
i s i n so m e re sp e c ts b ut I b e li e v e wh a t t h e y l a ck m ost i s will
,

p o w er Th ere w a s ne v e r a t i me in the hi story of the w orld wh e n

.

for c e o f will w a s m o r e ne c e ssary t o succ e e d t h an no w E v e ry .

ki nd of b usine ss i s o v e r d o ne a nd o ur p ro f e ssi oni s c ro wd e d T he

,
.

o nly w ay i n which w e ca n h e p e t o succ ee d i s by t he g rea te st

p at i e nce and a ppl ic at i on Wh at m o st m e n ne e d i s not t al ent

.
,

b ut a pu rp ose ; no t the p o w e r to a chi e v e b ut the wil l to l a b or ,

.

H e w ho w o uld k e e p up wi t h his f e ll o ws m u st t hi nk a nd a ct ,

quickly O ur ca lli ng i s fill e d wi th k e e n w it te d m e n; w e mu st

.
-

k e e p our e y e s o p e n a nd b e o n the a l e r t o r w e will b e di stanc e d

, ,

by o ur c o m p e t i tors A v o id i nd o l e nce a nd fill up al l the sp ac es

.
,

of t i me with u se f ul e mpl o ym e nt Th o se w ho are the m o st pe r .

si ste nt a nd w or k i n the t r u e st spi ri t wil l i nv a r i a bly b e t he m ost

-

succ e ssf u l I f w e m a k e a succe ss in life i t i s due t o nothi ng

.
,

b u t i ndu stry E v e n the si m ple st art cannot b e a ccom pli sh e d

.

wi th out it O ne of the m ost imp ortant t hi ngs t o consid er i s o ur

.

'
,

d enta l offi ce I t i s t h e re w e p a ss the b e st p art of O ur life O ur

. .

f a ilu re or succ ess i n a bu si ness w ay d e p e nd s m ore o n o ur sur

r o u ndi ng s t h a n m o st o f u s a r e a w a re I nte lligent and cultu re d .

p e opl e l o o k to the e nvi ro nm e nt s on e nter i ng an offi c e wh e n ca ll

i ng t o m a k e the fi r st a pp o i nt m e nt a nd y o u r a bili ty a s a d e nt i st ,

will b e v e ry c orre ctly ga ug e d by t h e i r fir st imp re ssi on I t ne e d .

no t ne c e ssar ily b e fu r ni sh e d e xp e nsiv e ly T he o ne thi ng ne e d .

ful i s t o h a v e i t cl e an a nd ne at in e v e ry d e ta il I t sh o uld h a v e a .

pl e a sa nt i nvi ti ng a pp e ar anc e a nd ta ste fully arra nge d Thi s

, , .

*R
e ad b ef or e t h e M i sso ur i S t a t e D e nt al A sso ci a t i on; at P er tl e S p r i ng s,
Mo J ul y 9t h 1 890 , .
 SO C IE T I E S . 4 63

ha s an e e l v a ti ng i nflu e nc e o n the ch a ra c te r a nd di sp o si t i o n o f
t he d e nti st H e is i ncli ne d t o b e m o re ch e e rful a nd p a t i e nt wi t h
.

ne r v o u s a nd e x a c ti ng p a t ro ns D o no t b e a f ra id o f sp e ndi ng
.

t o o much m o ne y i n fu r ni shi ng y o u r o ffi c e I t w ill b e a g o o d.

i nv e stm e nt I ne v e r sa w a cl e a n w e ll a rra nge d d e nta l o ffic e

.
,
-

b ut t he d e nti st h im se lf w a s ne a t a nd p a rticul a r i n his a pp e a r

a nc e a nd a l so a fi rst cl a ss w o r km a n
,
—
I ca n a lw ay s te ll wh a t
.

ki nd O f a d e nti st he i s by hi s Offic e o r t he ki nd of a n Offi c e by

,

W e o u gh t no t to c o nsid e r thi s subj e c t i n re ga rd t o

‘

the d e nt i st .

a w e ll k e p t Offic e o f li ttl e o r no imp or ta nc e I t wil l a l w ay s

-

b ri ng a b e tte r c l ass o f p a ti e nts w ho a re willi ng to pay the p r ic e

w e a sk a nd t hi s i s a st imul e nt f o r u s t o e xc el i n e a ch succ e e di ng
,

o p e ra t i o n I t i s a du ty w e o w e the p ro f e ssi o n t o do a l l w e ca n
.

t o imp ro v e o u r se lv e s i n d e nti stry .

B e for e b e gi nni ng an e x a mi na t i o n o r Op e r a t i ng o n the te e t h

, ,

a l w a y s w a sh y o u r h a nd s a nd b e su r e y o u r fi ng e r na il s ar e cl e a n
,
.

U ncl e an fi nge r na il s a re di sgu sti ng u nd e r a l l ci r cum stanc e s .

A l way s u se a cl e a n na pki n o r to w e l f or ea ch p ati e nt A lway s .

u se a ne w pi e c e o f r ubb e r d a m f or e a ch p a t i e nt a t e v e ry si tt i ng .

D o no t sa v e the sa m e pi e c e t o b e u se d a t t h e i r ne x t e ng a g e m e nt .

Th e y will h a ve th e i r d oub ts a b o u t i ts b e i ng the sa m e o ne th e y

ha d b e f o re I t m a k e s a b a d imp re ssi o n a nd a dd s b ut li ttl e t o
.

o u r p r o fi ts a t t he e nd O f the y e a r A lway s u se a s thi n rubb e r

.

da m a s p o ssib l e U se fi ne fl o ss silk or li ne n t h re a d w e ll w a x e d
.
, .

S oa p the da m wh e re yo u h a v e pu nch e d the h o l e s f o r the te e t h

y o u will b e s u r p r i se d ho w e asily i t i s a dj u ste d wh e re t he t e e t h a r e

c ro wd e d U se c o c a i ne 0 11 the gum s a ro u nd the ante r i o r te e th

. .

T he p a ti e nt will l ose a l l d rea d whil e a pplyi ng t he da m a nd i n ,

fi ni shi ng a pp roxim a l c a vi ti e s the o p e rat i o n will b e p a i nl e s s

A lw ay s dry o ut the c a vi ty b e fo re c o mm enci ng to e xc a v ate to
.

e na bl e y o u to se e i n wh a t di re c t i o n t he d e c a y ha s e x te nd e d A ll .

o p e ra t i o ns S h o uld b e m a d e a s p a i nl e ss a s p o ssibl e .

Th e re a re a g re a t m a ny diff e re nt f o rm a t i o ns o f t e e th f ro m ,

t he st ro ng h a rd a nd w e ll d e v e l o p e d to t he so f t a nd ch a lky
,
-

, ,

wh e re the e na m e l se e m s to c r umbl e a w ay a t the l e a st to uch I n .

filli ng a lw ay s u se t he m a te ri a l th a t will p re se r v e the te e th the

,

l o ng e st K e e p t hi s in m i nd a nd a lw ay s w o r k f o r the g o o d o f y o u r
.
,

p a tro ns a nd no t f o r the m ost m o ne y to b e o b ta i ne d f ro m the o p

,
4 64 TH E A R C HI V E S OF DEN T I S TR Y .

c rat o n i g re a t m a ny c a se s pl a Stic f o r a filli ng i s f ar b e t t e r

. I na , , ,

t h a n g o ld Sp e a k w e ll o f y o u r c o mp e t i to rs e sp e ci a lly if th e y
.
,

a re i n g o o d sta ndi ng D o no t u se the l e tte r I t o o Of t e n a s so m e

.
,

o f u s a re i n the h a bi t o f d o i ng Y o u will no t b e t h o ugh t a ny .

the wi se r f or i t Ne v e r l o se y o u r te mp e r ; it b e li ttl e s you in t he

.

e st im a t i o n o f o t h e r s B e g e ntl e fi r m a nd ki nd ; a nsw e r a l l u se
.
,

l e ss qu e sti o ns re ga rdl e ss o f wh a t t h e y a re I n cl o si ng th e re
,
.
,

c a n b e no t ru e r u tt e r a nc e t h a n t hi s I ha t a m a n d o e s i s t he r e a l
V “

t e st o f wh a t a m a n i s
”
.

GRAN D UNION
M EE T ING .

Th e re will b e a ra o G nd U ni n M
e e t i ng he ld i n B o sto n M a ss , ,

O ct 2 8th to 31 st i nclu siv e p a r t icip a t e d i n by t he f oll o wi ng

.
, ,

S o ci e ti e s u nd e r the a u spic e s O f the N e w E ngl a nd D e nta l S o ci e ty

T he se v e r a l S ta t e S o ci e ti e s o f t he N e w E ngl a nd S tat e s T he ,

A m e rica n A ca d e my o f D e ntal Sci e nce C onne cticu t V all e y ,

D e nta l S o ci e ty H a r va r d O d ontol o gic a l S o ci e ty H a rv a rd D e nta l

, ,

A lum ni A ss n B oston D e nta l C oll ege Alum ni A ss n B o ston S o

’
,
’
,

c ie t f o r D e nt a l I mp ro v e m e nt a nd the W o r c e ster D e nt a l S o ci e ty
y .

T he c o mmi t te e s a r e a rra ngi ng f o r a v e ry e nt hu si a st i c m e e t i ng .

A c o rdi a l i nvi ta ti on i s e x te nd e d to al l re pu ta bl e m e mb e rs O f the

p rof e ssi o n t o a tte nd
ED GAR O K ING S M AN D D S .
,
. . .

1 5 B ra ttl e S q C a m b r idg e M a ss
’
.
,
S ec y I V E D S ,
. . . . .

S OU THERN ILLINOI S D ENTAL S O CIE TY .

T he a nn a u l m e e t ing
S o ci e ty w ill b e h e ld in Ch e ste r
Of the ,

I ll O ct 21 1 890 and co nti nu e th re e d a y s

.
,
.
, ,
.

I w ould u rge up on the de nti sts o f thi s di strict the a dvi sa bili ty ,

o f b e i ng wi t h u s wh e t h e r o u a r e a m e mb e r or no t C o m e to
y ,
.

L e nd a h a nd wi t h u s to m a k e
,

t hi s m ee t i ng I t will p a y y o u
. .

t he S o u t h e r n S o ci e ty t he b e st o ne i n t he S ta te D r J J Je n . . . .

ne ll e o f C a i r o i s ch a i rm a n o f t he e x e cu t iv e c o mmi tt e e a nd wil l
, ,

a nsw e r a l l qu e st i o ns G A M C M I LLEN
. . .
,

P res i dent .
 SO C IE T I E S . 4 65

ILLI BE R AL P ATENT M E T HO DS I N D EN T I STRY AN D ,

T H E LEGI S LA T I V E M EA S URE S T O P R O
T E C T D EN T I STS T HEREFRO M .
*

W F REHFU
BY . P HILA D ELP HIA
. SS, ,
PA .

I llib l p t nt m th d i ubj c t th t h c u d num u

e ra a e e o s s a s e a as a se ero s

di sse nti o ns i n d e nt i stry a nd i s a m o ra l p e stil e nc e th a t no t o nly

,

t hre a te ns o u r w e lf a r e a s a lib e ra l p r o fe ssi o n b u t i n t im e u nl e ss , ,

c h e ck e d will e nd a ng e r o u r v e ry p ro g r e ss
,
cl a i m s a nd e v e n ex , ,

i ste nce a s a p ro f e ssi o n Thi s subj e c t of p a te nt m e th o d s i s a l o ne

.
, ,

of t he h e a li ng a rt s p e culi a r t o d e nt i str y whic h i s the o nly p ro

, ,

f e ssi o n th a t f ro m ne c e ssi ty i s f o r c e d t o h a r b o r a nd submi t t o

such a d e gr a di ng sy st e m T he gre a te st e vil wi t h which w e mu st
“

c onte nd i s the i ndi sc r imi na te gra nt i ng of p a te nts f o r d enta l

Op e ra ti o ns m e th o d s a nd p ro c e sse s o f o p e ra ti ng givi ng to a n i n
, ,

dividu a l o r a numb e r o f i ndividu a l s the e xclu si v e righ t t o e mpl o y

o r p ra c t ic e t he o p e r a t i o ns o r m e t h o d s f o r which t h e i r p a t e nts

w e re g ra nte d a nd the p o w e r o f c o mp e lli ng d e nta l p ra c ti t i o ne rs

,

to a cc e d e t o t h e i r d e m a nd s f o r ro y a l ti e s if th e y wi sh t o e mpl o y
o r p ra c t ic e t h e se o p e r a t i o ns o r m e th o d s .

I t sc ar c e l y se e m s c re dibl e t h a t o v e r t w o hu nd re d p a te nts h a v e
b e e n g rante d f o r o p e r at i o ns m e th o d s and p ro c e sse s O f Op e ra ti ng
,

i n d e nt i st ry ; but ne v e r th e l e ss i t i s tr u e A dd to t hi s nu mb e r .

the hu nd re d s o f p a t e nts g ra nt e d f o r d e nta l i nstr um e nts a pp a ,

r a t u s a ppli a nc e s d e vic e s a na
, ,
e st h e t ic s m e dici ne s a nd e v e ry t hi ng
, , ,

e l se t h a t a dmi t s o f p a t e nti ng t he numb e r will e a sily b e sw e ll e d

,

t o c o nsid e ra bly o v e r o ne t h o u sa nd A s a p ro f e ssi o n o u r c o ndi

.
,

t i o n a nd p o si t i o n i s i nd e e d a se r i o u s a nd u ne nvi a bl e o ne ha m ,

p e re d a nd h a ndic a pp e d a t a l l p o i nts d o ub ti ng if w e h a v e the l e ,

a l r igh t to p r a c t i c e m a ny o p e r a t i o ns th a t w e mu st a nd do
g pe r
f o rm fe ari ng h o w e v e r t h a t th e y a r e p ro te c te d by p a te nts a nd
, , , ,

t h a t o u r a c t i o ns i n t h e se m a tte rs a re ill e g a l .

B e tw e e n the u nc e rta i nty a s to wh e the r he m ay b e i nv o lv e d in

li tig a t i o n S h o uld he u nd e r ta k e to p e rf o r m th e se p a te nte d o p e ra
,

t i o ns a nd the su sp e nse he mu st u nd e rg o a w a i t i ng a d e ci si o n o f
,
.

his c a se sh o uld he be c o mp e ll e d to d e f e nd a sui t e nte re d a g a i nst

him i n c o u rt f o r i nf ri ng e m e nt O f p a te nt the p ro f e ssi o na l life o f s
,

t he d e nt i st o f the fu tu re w ho will b e u ne quipp e d to c o p e w i th

,

* R e a d b e f o e t h C e ntr l N e w J e s y D nt al S oc i e t y S p t e m b r 1 890
r e a r e e , e e , .
4 66 TH E A R C H I VE S OF DE N TI S TR Y .

th e se p ate nt h a wk s will i nd e e d b e a w re t ch e d a nd di sta ste ful

,

o ne . I a m no t e x agge ra ti ng or i ro nica lly pict u ri ng the p osi ti o n

of t he d e nt i st o f t he f u t ur e b u t such I k no w i s t he sta t e o f mi nd
,

of num e ro us d e nt i st s O f the p resent t im e S e v e ra l o f my p ro f e s

.

si o u a l b re th re n h a v e p e rso na l l y t o ld m e t ha t th e y h a v e b ee n a p

p re a ch e d by the re p re senta t iv e s o f a c o mp a ny c o ntrolli ng num

e r o u s d e nt a l p at e nt s a nd w a r ne d a g a i nst m a ki ng a nd i nse r ti ng
,

a rt ifici a l b r idg e d e nt u r e s a nd h a v e b e e n t hr e a te ne d w i t h sui t if

,

t h e y did so wi t h o u t fi rst Ob ta i ni ng a lic e nse righ t f ro m thi s

“ ” -

c o mp a ny .

R ea liz e ge ntl e m en wh at a n inf am y w e a s p ro fe ssi ona l m e n

'

, , , ,

are t hre at e ne d wi t h if w e submi t to t h e se d e m a nd s c o mp e ll e d —

t o p ay a lic e nse f e e to d o w ha t o u r dipl o m a s giv e u s e v e ry ri gh t

-

l e ga l a nd m ora l to p e rfor m Th e n w e mu st b e li e v e t h at the e x

,
.

t ort i o n of t hi s lic e nse f e e i s l e g a l a l so the d e m a nd f o r the pay

-

m e nt o f 1 0 p e r c e nt of the p e cu ni a ry p ro c e e ds o f e a ch o p era ti on
.
,

n d t h e r igh t t o e x a mi ne o ur a cc o unt b o o k s wh e n t he c o m p a ny
a
so d e si re s a nd fi na lly h a v e o u r li c e nse r e v o k e d if w e f a il t o f ul
,

fill al l o f t he c ondi t i o ns of t hi s lic e nse F u r t h e r cr i t i c i s m i s

.

ne e dl e ss . Y o u mu st h o n e st ly r e a liz e as I d o ,
the pi t if u l po s i
,

t i o n w e mu st o ccupy i n t he public Opi ni o n i n the fu t u re r idicul e d ,

by o t h e r p rofe ssi o ns b e ca u se w e p o se a s a lib era l p ro fe ssi o n

, ,

wh e n o u r r igh tf ul p o si t i o n will b e th at of a tra de l e v e l .

I n di scu ssi ng p a t e nt m e t h o d s i n d e nt i str y wi t h o ne o f o u r

p ro mi ne nt C ongre ssm e n he w a s su rpr i se d to l e a rn th at suc h a
,

l a rg e numb e r o f p at e nt s ha d b e e n g ra nt e d i n d e nti stry b ut he ,

t h o ugh t tha t t he numb e r mu st ne c e ssar ily b e limit e d a nd

“

e v e nt u a lly t h e r e w o uld re m a i n no t hi ng t o b e p a te nt e d w e w o uld —

‘ a nd he j o cul a rly r e m ar k e d the m o u t h “

b e O ut —

’
c e r ta i nly w on t h o ld a c a rt l oa d o f p a te nt s I mu st di sa gr e e
— ”
.

wi th him a nd do b e li e v e th a t the m onth w i l l h old a c art l o a d of

,
-

p at e nts O f c ou rse i t a l l d e p e nd s up o n the siz e o f the c ar t a nd

—

t h a t o f t he m o u t h a nd the supply o f p a t e nt s se e m s limi tl e ss

—
.

M any of th e se p ate nts th at h a v e b oe n g ra nt e d f or o p e ra t i ons

and m e th o d s o f o p e r a t i ng if c o nte ste d i n c ou rt w o uld b e d e cl a re d
,

i l l e g a l a nd v o id . E xp e ri enc e a nd the de ci si o ns of the Ci rcui t

a nd Sup re m e C o u r t s h a v e p r o v e n t h a t i n g e ne r a l m a ny p a te nt s ,

issu e d a r e i nf r i ng e m e nt s u p o n o th ers th a t h a v e b e e n p re vi o u sly

 SO C IE T IE S . 4 67

g ra nte d a nd u ntil t h e i r l e ga l ity o r no n l e g a lity i s e st a bli sh e d i n

,
-

c o u rt w e mu st a cc e p t a nd re sp e c t t he cl a im s g rant e d i n th ese
,
.

p a t e nts Pa te nts are o nly g ra nte d f or a ny ne w o r u se ful art

.
,

m a chi ne m a nuf a ctu re o r c o mp osi ti o n o f m a tt e r or a ny new o r

, , ,

u se ful imp ro ve m e nt t h e re o f T he a pplic a nt mu st p r o v e him se lf

.

t o b e the i nv e nto r o r o r igi na tor o f th a t f o r which he se e k s a p a t

e nt. Thi s m a tte r i s l a id d o w n i n the P ate nt La w s a s f o ll o w s
“
A p ate nt i s grante d a ny p e rson ali e n or citiz en w ho ha s i n , ,

v e nte d O I di sc o v e re d any ne w or u se ful i mp ro v e m e nt th ere o f

‘
,

no t k no w n o r u se d by o th e r s i n t hi s c o u ntry a nd no t p a te nt e d ,

o r d e sc r ib e d i n a ny p r i nt e d public a t i o n i n thi s o r a ny f ore ign

c o u nt ry b e f o re hi s i nv e nti o n o r di sc o v e ry t h e r e o f
,
a nd no t i n ,

public u se o r sa l e f o r m o r e th an tw o y e ars p r i o r to his a ppli c a

t i o n u nl e ss t he sa m e i s pr o v e n t o h a ve b e e n a b a nd o ne d m ay
, ,

up on the p aym e nt O f the f e e re qui re d by l a w a nd oth er d ue pro

c e sse s o b ta i n a p a te nt t h e r e o f S e c t 4 886 R S
.
”
.
,
. .

T he o nly p re su mp t i on why t h e se p a t e nts h a v e b e e n g r ante d

f or d e nt a l o p e ra t i ons i s th a t t he C o m m i ssi oners o f P a te nts h a v e
,

no t a cc e ss t o the d a ta of wh a t ha s a l re a dy b e e n a cc o mpli sh e d a nd
p ra ct ice d i n o u r p r ofessi on a nd co nse qu e ntly gra nt the p ate nt
,

p e ti t i one d f or if no p re vi o u sly i ssu e d p a te nt i nt erf er e s a nd no

o ne i nt e rp ose s a n o bj e c t i on .

L e gally an o p era ti on in d e nti st ry w o uld be c o nsid e re d the

,

p e rfo r m anc e o f so m e m a nu a l act i n a m e th o dic a l m a nne r u p o n

t he hum a n te e th a nd su rro u ndi ng ti ssu e s a nd b one s u su a lly w ith ,

i nstr um e nt s wi t h a Vi e w to re st ore th e m to a so u nd o r h e althy

,

c o ndi t i o n a nd the a d a p ta t i o n o f sub sti tut e s f o r th e m wh e n by a ge

, , ,

a ccid e nt o r di se ase th e y a re l o st .

O p e rati ons in d e nti stry can b e divid e d a nd cl a ssifi e d i nto

fi rstly su r gi c a l ; se c o ndly su rgic a l m e ch a nic a l ; thi rdly m e ch
, ,
-

a ni ca l Op e r a t i o ns .

A su rgi ca l Op e rat i on w o uld b e i nte rp re te d as a cu tti ng op e ra

t i o n p e rf o r m e d up o n the t i ssu e s a nd b o ne s su rro u ndi ng the t e e t h ,

t he t e e t h t h e m se lv e s a nd t h e i r ro o ts T he e x tra c t i o n o f a to o th
.
,

the bu rr i ng o r cu tti ng a w a y o f di se a se d o r d e c a y e d p o rt i o ns o f a
t o o th the r e m o v a l o f the pulp the cu t t i ng o r sh a pi ng O f the e nd
, ,

o f a ro o t p re vi o u s to a d a p t i ng a n a r tifici a l c ro w n to i t c a n a l l b e ,

cl assifi e d a s su r gi ca l de nta l o p e ra ti o ns I I I thi s cl ass se v e ra l pa t

—
.
 TH E A R C H I V E S OF DE N T I S TR Y .

e nt s h a v e b e e n grante d f or the m ethe d of Cutti ng and S h a pi ng of

t he r o o t p re vi o u s to a d a p t i ng a c ro w n to i t Thi s i s di sti nctly a n .

o p er a t i o n d e p e nd e nt up o n a su r gic a l d e nta l Op era t i o n i n c o mbi h

-

a ti o n wi t h m e ch anic a l m e a ns or d e vi ce s to r e sto re a r tifici a lly t he

l o st p arts o p e r ate d up on a nd t hu s r e ne w th e i r na tura l fu nct i o ns

, .

Unde r thi s h ead w e ca n cl assify such o p erati ons a s the filli ng of

t e e th by a l l m e t h o d s a nd m ate r i al s filli ng o f th e i r r oo ts i nser ti o n , ,

o f c r o w ns c r o w n b r idg e s ar tifici a l d e ntu r e s a nd cl e f t p a l a t e s a nd

, ,

the r e gul a t i o n o f t e e t h .

I t i s f or t h i s cl ass of o p era t i o ns th a t t he m a j or i ty o f Op era

t i o n p a t e nt s h a v e b e e n gra nte d For ar tifici a l c ro w ns a nd .

c ro w n m eth o d s o v e r o ne hu nd re d p a te nts h a v e b e e n i ssue d f oI —

t he cr o w n i tse lf m e th o d s o f m a k i ng a nd o f i nse rt i ng a nd faste n

,

i ng t o the na tu ra l r o o t O n b r idg e w or k a numb e r of p a t e nts

.
,

h a v e b e e n a ll o we d the Sh e ffi e ld R ichm o nd G ro u t Th r o ck
,

—
, , ,

m or ton B e a l e Cu rt i s and o th e rs Th e re are num e ro u s p a te nts

, , ,
.

o n ar t ifici a l d e nt u r e s m e th o d s of ta ki ng Imp re ssi ons o n m e t h o d s

—
,

o f filli ng the t e e t h a nd se v e ra l p a t ents h a v e b e e n i ssu e d f or r e

,

st o r i ng l ost p o rt i o ns o f a t e e th by t he a d a p t i o n o f p o r c e l a i n f a c

ing o r v e ne e r s a nd f ast e ni ng t h e m to t he t e e th by sc re w s scr e w

, ,

p o sts and sev e ra l othe r m e th o d s

‘

.
,

A me ch anical Op e rati on in de nti stry i s constru e d to m e an the

c o nstruct i o n a nd p ro c e sse s of co nstr uct i ng o ut of the m o u th of
, , ,

t he m e c h a nic a l m e a ns a nd d e vi c e s ne c e ssa r y a nd i nte nd e d to re

st o re t he l o st na t u ra l fu nct i o ns o f the p a r t b e i ng o p e ra t e d up o n .

I n t hi s cl ass w e h a v e p a te nt s up o n m e t h o d s of m a ki ng c r o w ns ,

br idge w o r k a rtifici a l d e ntu re s sub stanti a lly th e y a re p r o c e ss

,
—

p a te nts or cl a im s .

M a ny of t he c ro w n and b r idg e p ate nts if c o nte ste d i n c o u rt ,

mu st b e d e cl are d v o id o n a cc o u nt of the simil a r m e a ns a d o p te d

,

t o pro duc e t he sa m e re sul t a nd a l so o f the imp r a c t ic a bility O f

,

a d a p t i ng a nd u si ng m a ny o f t h e se p a t e nts o r m e th o d s Crud e .

a nd imp e r f e c t e xp e ri m e nt s i t has b e e n d e cid e d d o no t c o nf e r a

, ,

r igh t t o a p at e nt O n t h e se p o i nts H e nry H o w son say s

. T he
i nv e nti on b e sid e s b e i ng ne w mu st a l so b e u se ful i e it m ust
, ,
. .
,

b e c a p abl e of b e i ng u se d which i mpli e s t h a t i t ha s b e e n b r o ugh t

,

t o t h a t st a te o f p e rf e c t i o n t h a t if fully a nd co r re ctl v d esc r ib e d

,

in the sp e cific a t i ons t h ose skill e d i n t h at a r t o r sci e nc e m ay f ro m

,
 SO C IE T IE S . 4 69

t he i nf o rm a ti o n t hu s giv e n wi th o u t e xpe r m e nt o r i nv e nti o n o f

,

th e i r o w n b e a bl e t o p ra c tic e the i nv e nt i o n
,
”
A g a i n : W h e re .
“

t he a ll eg e d no v e l ty O f a n i nv e nti o n c o nsi sts i n the sub sti tu ti o n o f

a m e ta l o r m a te r i a l f o r a no th e r i n the c o nstruc ti o n of so m e
k no w n a rticl e o f m anuf a c tu re o r d e vice no p ate nt i s l e g a l t h e re,

on . A m e re ch a nge o f m a te ri a l is no t p a te nta bl e so a l so wi th
m e re ch a ng e in f o rm o r struc tu re of d e vic e s th a t i s such ch ang e s ,

a s a re no t a tte nd e d wi t h a n n w imp r o v e d re sul ts o r d o no t

y e o r ,

i nv o lve a ne w m o d e o f o p e ra t i o n T he ch a ng e m ay b e a n i m
.

p ro ve m e nt in o ne se nse O f the w o r d i n the sa m e se nse th a t m e re

,

sub st i t u t i o n O f m e ta l f o r w o o d m a b e i i n e xc e ll e nc e o f
y e ,
. .
,

c o nstruc ti o n b u t t h e re mu st b e so m e thi ng m o re i n o r d e r t o co n
,

st i tu t e p at e nt a bl e i nv e nt i o n .I nv e stig at i on of the cro w n and

b ridge p a te nt cl a im s a nd t he a pplic at i o n th e re to o f the d o c tr i ne s
,

a b o v e e num e ra t e d mu st ne c e ssa r ily p r o v e m a ny o f t h e m v o id

,
.

O ur sa lv a ti o n to a v o id m a ny o f t he e xi st i ng p a te nt cl a im s i s t o
f o rm ne w c o mbi na ti o ns of d e vic e s a nd m e th o d s to pro duc e a ne w
r e sul t . Th a t i s t o a d o p t so m e O l d d e vi c e s which c o nsi st o f a ,

c o mbi na ti o n o f a numb e r o f e l e m e nts ne c e ssary t o p ro duc e the

r e sul t o r d e vic e t h e n e limi na t i ng o ne o f t he e l e m e nts ne c e ssa ry
,

t o p ro duc e o r c o mpl e te i t a nd i nt ro duc e o ne ne w f e a tu re or a

,

m odifica ti on o f o ne o f the f e a tu r e s c onta i ne d in the p a te nt p rae ,

tic ally p r o duci ng a ne w re sul t which a cc or di ng t o l e g a l i nte r

,

p r e t a t i o ns d o e s n o t c o nst i tu te a n i nf r i ng e m e nt F or i nst a n c e i n .
,

o ne o f the p a te nts g r a nt e d f or ar t ifici a l c r o w n o ne o f the cl a im s ,

a ll o w e d t he c o mbi na t i o n o f t he f o ll o wi ng e l e m e nts a t oo t h

c r o w n h a vi ng a m e ta l b a nd to fi t the e nd o f the t o o th ro ot a p e r ,

ce l a in f a ci ng which cl os e s t he b a nd i n f ro nt a nd a so lid m e ta llic ,

b a cki ng whi ch cl o se s the b a nd i n b a ck a nd f o rm s a so lid u ni o n ,

w i th the to o th a nd gold b a nd .

O ne e l e m e nt l a cki ng w o uld b r e a k t he cl a im a nd no t b e a n i i1 ,

f ri ng e m e nt .T he e m i ssio n o f the m e ta l b a nd a nd sub sti tu t i o n o f

a pl a te t o fi t t he e nd o f t he r o o t w o uld a v o id th e se cl a im s A .

p a te nt w a s i ssu e d to J o h n B B e e rs o f S a nF ra nci sc o N o v e mb e r
.
, ,

1 4 t h 1 873 f o r a ho ll o w g old c r o w n li ne d wi th p or c e l a i n a nd se
, , ,

cu re d wi th c e m e nt a nd sc re w s i nse r te d in the na tu ra l ro o t T he .

i ndividu a l cl a im s a ll o w e d hi m a p a t e nt o n a h o ll o w c ro w n no t ,

s ta ti ng wh e t h e r m e t a llic o r p o rc e l a i n thi s w a s e mb o di e d i n the

470 TH E A R C HI V E S OF DENT I S TR Y .

fi rst cl a im T he t hi rd cl a im a ll o w e d him a h oll o w c ro w n se

.
“

cu r e d t o the ro o ts by m e a ns o f sui ta bl e sc re w sa nd c e m e nt A ll .
”

f or m s of h o ll o w c ro w ns p a te nte d th e re fo re mu st ne c e ssarily o nly

b e a n i mp r o v e m e nt up o n t he Be e r s c r o w n ”
a nd a cc o r di ng t o ,

the P a te nt L a w s a p a t e nt f o r a n imp r o v e m e nt mu st di st i nc tly

,
“

‘
b e limi te d to t he imp ro v e m e nt ’ a nd t he p o sse ssi o n o f such a
,

p a te nt d o e s not o f c ou rse c o nfe r up o n the p at ent e e t he r igh t to

, ,

u se t he thi ng imp ro v e d up o n if p a te nt e d t o a no t h e r , wi th o u t ,

’
th a t oth er s c o nse nt A nd o n the o t h e r h a nd t he p a te nt e e of
.
,

the o r i g i na l i nv e nt i o n c a nno t u se a n imp ro v e m e nt t h e re o n p a t

e nt e d t o a no t h e r wi tho u t t he c o nse nt o f t he l a tt e r
,
.

T he B e e r s p a te nt m a tu re s o n t he 1 4 th o f N o v e mb er o f t he
p re sent y e a r the se v ente e n y ears te r m f or whi ch the p a tent w a s
,

i ssu e d will the n h a v e e l a p se d Th e re fo re the righ t of maki ng

.

a nd u si ng h o ll o w c ro w ns will o nc e m o r e b e se cu re d t o the de n
'

ti sts. T he p a te nt s o n imp r o v e m e nt s o n t hi s c ro w n ca n b e a v o id
e d in n um e ro u s w ay s i n f a c t so m e of t h e m sh o uld b e d e cl ar e d
,

v oid th e i r cl a im s f or a p a te nt re st sol e ly up o n the f a ct of t h e i r

be i ng a h oll o w cro w n Art ifici a l crow ns of al l d e scrip t i ons h a v e
'

b e e n p ate nte d C ro w ns wi th a nd wi th o ut pi ns and al l m o difi ca

.

t i o ns t h e re o f .

T he a r tifici a l b r idg e d e ntu r e has b e e n the subj e c t of se v e ra l.

p a te nt s a nd it i s cl a im e d t h a t no b r idge pi e c e ca n b e c o nstruc te d
,
-

wi th o u t i nf ri ngi ng t h e se p at e nt s A br id g e de ntu r e pra ctically .

m e a ns the a da p tat i o n o f o ne o r m o re a rt ifici a l t e e th to re pl a ce

the l o st na t u ra l o ne s wi t h o u t t he u se o f a pl at e c o v e r i ng t he r o o f
,

o f the m o u th the t e e t h b e i ng c onne c t e d to a b a r h a vi ng i t s tw o ,

t e r mi na l supp o rts up o n t he te e t h or ro o t s by cl a sp s pi ns o r si m ,

il ar d e vic e s a nd i nter v e ni ng o ne s if ne c e ssary up o n the a dj a c e nt

,

t e e th t h e r e by se cu r i ng i t i n p o si t i o n p e r m a ne ntly or re m o v a b l y
,
.

T he p ri ncip a l o f b r idg e w o r k c a nno t b e p at e nte d b ut m e re ly a n

‘

impr o v e m e nt th e r e on I t has b e e n d e m o nstrate d t o b e p ra c tic a l

.

a nd b e e n i n a c t u a l u se o v e r fif ty y e a r s a o Th e r e f o re t he p r i n
g .

c i pl e i s public p r o p e r ty a nd a ny o ne c a n a v a il t h e m se lv e s o f i t

a nd imp r o v e t h e r e o n I t i s no t a p a te nt t o t a k e a n e xi st i ng p r i n
.

c i pl e a nd a d a p t i t to a ne w f or m : ne i t h e r are m ere f or m a l ch a ng e s
‘

p a te nta bl e H e nc e the cl a im s of the I nte rna ti o na l Cr o w n C o m

.

p a ny th at th e y c o ntro l al l p a te nts o n b r idge d e nt ure s are e xa g

, ,
 SO C IE T I E S . 4 71

g e ra t io ns . S e v e ra l p a te nts no ta bl y the D r Cu rti s a nd D r B e al e

,
.

p a te nts which I p re sum e a re p rof e ssi ona l p ro p e r ty h a vi ng

, ,

l e a rne d no thi ng to t he c o ntra ry a ff o r d m a ny a l o o p h o l e to c o n

,
’
s truc t b ridg e w o r k wi tho u t i nf r i ngi ng the C o mp a ny s p a t e nts .

H o we v e r the Obj e ct iv e p o i nt o f my p re se nt p a p e r is not i nte nd e d

,

t o mi nu te ly di scu ss the d e t a il s O f e a ch p a t e nt t h a t b e i ng the sub

,

j c e t o f a serie s o f p a p ers which I no w h a v e i n p re p a rati on M y .

Obj e c t has b e e n to p ro v e that the p ra c t ic e of m a ny Op e r a ti o ns ,

m e th o d s a nd p ro c e sse s o f o p e ra ti ng o f i nfi nit e v a lu e to u s a nd
, ,

i nc alcul a bl e b e ne fi t to m a nki nd a re i ndic te d by the p a te nt l a w s

,
.

( T o B E C ON T INUE D ) .

A N OVEL APPL A T ION OF TOO T H PO WD E

I C illu strat i o n
R —
T he
h ere wi th p re se nte d sh o w s a v e ry no v e l a pplic a ti on o f t ooth
p o wd e r .

T he ca n which c o nt a i ns the p o wd e r ha s a slidi ng tub e which ,

wh e n p u ll e d o ut a nd fill e d h o ld s a sufli c ie nt qu a nt i ty f o r u se
,

wi th o u t the w a ste so c o mm o n wi t h the o l d sc re w to p sp ri nkl e rs -

a nd no t b e i ng d e ta ch a bl e t he p a ck a g e i s re a dily cl o se d th e r e by
, ,

re t a i ni ng t he fl a v o r T he to p b e i ng nick e l pl a t e d m a k e s i t o ne
.
-
.
,

o f the h a nd so m e st a nd m o st a ttra c t iv e o f t o o t h p o wd e r p a ck a g e s
-

D r I W Ly o n t he i nv e nto r ha s f o r a qu a r te r o f a c e ntu ry
. . .
, ,

m ad e a sp e ci a l ty o f to o th p o wd e r a nd t o o th ta bl e ts b o th f , o

which h av e a t ta i ne d g re a t p o pul a ri ty .

Si nc e the sal e o f d e ntif r ic e s by the d e nt i st ha s b e e n a b a nd o n

e d as u np ro f e ssi o na l a s w e ll a s u np r o fi ta bl e
, t he pl a n o f p re
,

sc ribi ng o r re c o mm e ndi ng t he a b o v e p re p a ra t i o ns ha s b e e n v e ry

g e ne rally a d o p te d.
 G e rre s pe nele ne e .

BE R LI N A ugu st 1 0th 1 890 , .

T H E TEN T H IN T ERNA T IONAL ME D I C AL CONG R E S S I s j u st cl ose d ,

’
a nd t o u se M r B ar num s e xp r e ssi o n i t w a s the
, . bi gge st thi ng
,

o n e a r th I t w as a big t hi ng f o r B e rl i n t o t a k e c ar e o f se v e n
”
.

t h o u sa nd m e mb e r s wi th t h e i r w i v e s si ste r s c o u si ns a nd a u nt s, ,

sa t i sf a c t o r ily ; i t w as no t a n e a sy m a tte r b u t B e r li n did d o i t ,

i n a m o st r oy a l m a nne r O ne pe n c o uld ne v e r d e scr ib e i t a l l

.
,

o ne p a i r o f e y e s c o uld no t se e i t a l l o ne p a i r of cars h e ar a l l
, ,

nor i s the r e i n m a n o ne sto m a ch c a p a bl e o f sa mpli ng suffi ci e nt

re f r e shm e nt t o giv e a f a i nt id e a o f wh a t w a s r e a lly g o i ng o n

i n so m a ny h a l l s cli nic r o o m s e xcu r si o ns g ar d e n t h e a t r e s

, , , ,

e xhibi t i o ns & c ,
.

T he b anqu e t a t the R a t h o u se will b e m e m o ra bl e wh e re v e r

B e rli n i s m e nti o ne d f or y e ars to c o m e S e ct i o n w o r k qui te fully
o ccupi e d i t s sh a r e o f t he t im e ; t he 1 4 th S e c t i o n of b e t w e e n f o u r

a nd fi v e hu nd r e d m e m b e rs w as p re sid e d o v e r gr a ndly by D r .

Bu sh T he G e r m ans a nd L at i ns ran the m a chi ne w h e n th e i r

.

p ap e rs w e re o n the A m e ric a ns w e r e no t p a rticul arly i nt ereste d ,

a nd wh e n the A m e r ic a n p a p e rs w e re 0 11 the A m e r ic a ns w ere ,

not p ar t icul ar ly i nt e re ste d e i th e r ; b e i ng f a mili a r wi th m o st O f i

t he
“
Ch e stnu ts ”
B u t t h e y li ng e r e d lik e a sm a ll b oy a t a
.

m e rry gO ro u nd l o o ki ng o n wi th w o nd e r i ng a dmi ra t i o n w a i t i ng
- -

, ,

u nt il the big b o y s go t e no ugh or f or so m e u nk no w n p o w e r to

,
“

st o p the m a chi ne l o ng e no ugh f o r t h e m t o g e t o n b oar d a nd S p e a k

t h e i r pi e c e s T he cli nic s t o so m e e x te nt w e re m a na g e d i n t he
.
, ,

sa m e w ay ; b u t up o n t he wh o l e f ro m a G e r m a n st a ndp o i nt w e re
.

, ,

qui te succ e ssf ul T he l a nt e r n e xhibi t s w e re spe ndi d a nd

.
,

A m erica w a s not b ehi nd i n th a t li ne .

A t the d e nta l b a nqu e t D r B a rr e tt i n u si ng so f t so ld er f or

” “
.
, ,

t he G er m ans sl o pp e d o v e r a li ttl e t o the g re a t di sgu st of r e sid e nt

,

A m e r ican d ent i sts .

Adj ou rne d to m e e t in Rom e i n 1 893 T he cl osi ng cere m oni e s .

 CORRE S P ON D EN C E .
4 73

at K n ll o Th e a tre G a rd e n S a tu rd ay night w e re o n a m o st c ol o s
’
s , ,

sa l sc a l e i n c o ll a ti o n p o ta ti o n a nd mu s ic w e re l arge ly a ttend e d
'

, , ,

a nd t he l a te ne ss o f the h o u r i ndic a t e d ho w t h o ro u ghly i t w a s

e nj oy e d . M

D IR T Y W ORK .

MO A pr 9th 1 890
A
. .

J As . PRI C E.

D ea r S i r y o u rs a t b u t no t o u ntil l a sh or t t im e se nc e y ou t e ll
,
.

t he f e ll o w t h a t ha s fil e d a co m Pl a i nt a g a i nst m e t o g o ui o ff ,

so a p hi s h e a d a n i t t he S k ir ff o f the B a ck o f his ne ck o r he
g . . . .

will no t b e so sm a ll i n a l l hi s ou nder ta king I a m a L aw bid e n

m a n I d o nt k no w w ha t he i s no r d o nt c e ar wi th o ut gl v m g y o u .

s h o r t a nc e r I m e e t c u 0 11 t he l e v e ll P a r t c u p o n the squ a i r
p
wi th a l l m a n ki nd I w as gl a d y o u D ro pe d m e a no te Y o u rs T r uly
u o n till D e a t h if e nny t hi ng c l ce i s sa id l e t m e h e a r f ro m yo u
.

Thi s the sa id . DD S . . .

TH E R E PLY .

WE T ON
S ,
MO .
,
Ap r il 1 1 , 1 890 .

Mr . MO .
,

D ea r S ir : -
Y
u r e pi stl e ( if such i t c a n b e c a ll e d ? ) o f 9th i nst
o ,
.

j u st to h and T a ki ng i t a s a n i nd e x t o y o u r i nte llige nc e m e r i t

.
, ,

a nd m o ra l ch a ra c te r I sh o uld j udg e t h a t o u f a ll f a r b e l o w the

y ,

s ta nd a r d o f a g e ntl e m a n which i s t he r i m e r e u isi l a d e nti st

p q ,

S h o uld p o sse ss .

Yo u r rlf eel ing o up On the l e vel l a nd Pa r ti ng ( mp 0 11 the

l

‘‘ “

f a il s to figu re i n thi s c a se T he u ng e ntl e m a nly tone .

,

l a ngu a g e u se d a nd ig no ra nc e m a nife ste d in y o u r l e tte r is suffi

, ,

c i e nt to sat i sfy a ny o ne o f c o mm o n se nse th at y o u a re no t qu al ifi e d

t o p ra c ti c e d e nti st ry N o re pu ta bl e d e nt a l c o ll e g e c o uld o r
.

w o uld g ra nt a dipl o m a to a ny o ne so illite ra te as y o u r l e tte r sh o w s

y ou to b e .

T he DDS x e d t o V o u r sig na tu re if i nte nd e d to c o nv e y

. . . a ffi
,

t he id e a o r t he imp r e ss i o n th a t y o u ha v e ha d the D e g re e o f
,

D o c to r o f D e ntal Su rg e ry c o nfe rre d u p o n yo u is a bas e f ra ud ,

f o r whi ch y o u c a n a nd o ugh t to b e p ro se cu te d .
 4 74 TH E A R C HIV E S OF DEN TI S TR Y .

Ic l o w e r my se lf to the stand ard o f y o ur l e ve ll h e nc e

a nno t
“
,
”

d e cli ne to c o mply wi th y o u r re qu e st t o d e liv e r y o u r di r ty i nsu l t ,

i ng m essa ge t o o ne wh o m I h a v e e v e ry re aso n t o b e li e v e i s a
ge ntl e m a n b ut no tify y o u a ga i n f o r the l a st ti m e th a t u nl e ss
, , ,

y ou c e a se a t o nc e t he a ttemp t to p ra c t ic e d e nt i stry i n thi s S ta te ,

I shall pro ce e d aga i nst y ou a cc o rdi ng to l a w a nd will ta k e ,

pl e asu re i n h a vi ng y o u r l e tte r p re se nte d to and rea d in c o u rt ,

which o f it se lf o ugh t to be suffici e nt t o c onvict y o u .

Re sp e ctfully J AS A PR I C E , . .
,

Com m i ttee on D enta l L ane .

DEN T AL NOT icl e in the D enta l Ofi ce an d

E S .
—
In an ar t

L a bora tory f o r July D r H B N o bl e of W a shi ngt o n D C

, ,
. . .
, ,
.
,

S p o k e o f the f ra ct u r e d m a xill a o f the l a te S e cr e tary o f S ta t e ,

Wm H S e w ar d a s b e i ng succ e ssf ully t re a te d by D r

‘

. . .
,

G unni ng A s a m a tte r o f a b so lu te f a c t t he b r o k e n i nf e r i or
a w w as a se r i o u s a nno y a nc e t o t he e mi ne nt sta t e sm a n of N e w
j
Yor k t o the day o f his d e ath I f w e w e re co rre ctly i nfor m e d .
“

t h e re w as no o sse o u s u ni o n o f the b ro k e n b o ne s h e nc e the j a w ,

w as V er y a nno yi ng i nd e e d t o t he di st i ngui sh ed l a wy er a nd
sta te sm a n
”
.

I n t he M edi ca l B r i e o r July a ppe a I e d a n ar t icl e d e scrib

f f , , ,

i ng t he a phI O di sia c e ff e c ts o f a t e n p e r c e nt hy po de l m i c i nj e c .

t i o n o f a f ew dr op s o f a so lu t i o n o f mu r i a te o f c o c a i ne A — “

t e n p e r c e nt so luti o n o f c o c a i ne i s d a ng e r o u s u nd e r ( m y ci r cum
.

st anc e s ; a f o u r p e r c e nt so lu t i o n i s stro ng e no ugh f o r a l l p ra e

.

t ic a l pu rp o se a nd e v e n t h a t i s no t f re e f ro m d a ng e r
,
T he .

w r i te r ha s u se d a tw o pe r c e nt a nd f o u r pe r c e nt so lu ti o n of . .

hydr o chl o rate c o ca i ne ( m u ri a te S qu ib b s):f o r se v e ra l y e ars and ‘

ne v er no t ic e d a ny eroti c exci te m ent wh a te v e r e i t h e r i n m al e o r ,

f e m a l e A lb e i t w e h a v e ne v e r u se d a so l u t i on stro nge r th a n
.

f o ur per c e nt sudd e n a l armi ng a nd d ange ro u s sy m pto m s w ere

.
, ,
.

no t ic e d i n f o u r (4 ) c ase s which w e r e qui t e p ro mp t ly re li e v e d by

,

sm a ll d ose s o f a ppl e b ra ndy a nd aro m a t ic S pi r i t s o f a mm o ni a ,

ni t ra te o f a myl e t c ,
D R EDW AR D H BO W NE
. . . .

K i ngston N Y July 4 1 890,

. .
, ,
.
 fi el ite ri el l .

C O M E U P HIGHER .

F ro m pulpi t a nd p re ss th e se w ord s h a v e r ung o ut the sum

m o ns f o r al l m a nki nd B u t to the m an w o m an or child w ho
.
,

ha s b e e n w a ll o w i ng i n t he i nf e r na l slim e o f ha v f e v e r such -

c a th e d ra l chim e s wi t h al l t h e i r spi ri tu a l sig nific a nc e me lt a w ay ,

o r a r e l ost sigh t o f wh e n o nc e the e ch o o f t h e se m o u nt a i n t o p s

,

i s h e a r d by t h e m .

I t i s w onde rful wh a t a tra nsfor m ati on the w r i ter e xp e r i e nced

i n o nly f o u r d a y s a f te r he l a nd e d h e re .

Read er yo u c a nno t u nderstand ho w ne a r h e a v e n one th i nk s

,

he i s u ntil y ou h a v e su ff e re d a s w e h a v e suff ere d a nd c o mi ng up ,

a b o v e t he c l o ud s fi nd y o u r m a l a dy go ne a nd y ou r se lf su r
” “”

ro u nd e d by hu nd re d s o f o t h e rs r e a dy t o S h o ut the sa m e ha l l e l u
,

j a h s o f j oy .

Suffe r ? say s a c o rre ssponde nt o f the B oston G l obe

”
I ,
“

h a v e su ff e re d m ore si nc e the 2 1 st of A ugu st th a n a l l the re a d e rs

o f t he G l obe
p u t t o g e t h e r ; ta lk a b o ut ne u ra lgi a st o ne i nthe ,
’
bl a dd e r i m p e cu ni o si ty a nd g a ll c o mbi ne d y o u h a v e n t t o uch e d
, ,

the hi t h e r v e r g e o f suffe r i ng e xp e r i e nc e d wi th ha y f e v e r -
”
.

T o b e a bl e to say th a t t hi s i s t he fi rst se a so n f or o v e r a qu a r
te r o f a c e nt u ry i n which I h a v e no t e ndu r e d such su ff er i ng i s ,

e xcu se e nough f or p re se nt i ng t o t he m a ny re a d e r s of the

A R C HI V E S som e f a cts re l a ti ng to thi s G od giv e n sa ni ta rium th a t
-

p ossibly so m e of th e m m ay p ro fi t by my e xp e ri e nc e a nd c o m e if ,

no t a s a n e xil e a s I f e l t my se lf to b e b u t to sp e nd a w e ll e a r ne d
, ,
-

v a c ati o n in the m o st e nj o y a bl e a nd re stful m a nne r .

T e n y e a rs a go B e thl e h e m the g re a t c e ntre o f t hi s W hi te

, .

M o u nta i n re gi o n w a s a se ttl e m e nt o f sc a tte re d f a r m h o u se s

,
-

T o d ay it i s a b e a u t iful Vill a g e w i th h o te l s a nd c o ttag e s f o r the

,

a cc o mm o da ti o n o f o v e r 3000 gu e sts I t i s the h igh e st N e w

.

E ngl a nd vill a ge a nd the v i e w s a re ch armi ng T he e l e v a ti o n is

,
.

so g re a t t h a t t he a i r i s c o o l pu re a nd i nvig o ra t i ng b r i ngi ng re
, ,
4 76 TH E A R C HIVE S OF DEN TI S TR Y .

f re shi ng sl e e p a t nigh t a nd sh a rp e ne d a pp e ti te a t m e a l t im e .

Wa lki ng d rivi ng c oa chi ng p i c ni c s a nd ga m e s o ccupy t he t im e

, , ,

a nd t h e r e i s no e nd t o the e xcu rsi o ns t o b e ta k e nI na l l di re c t i o ns

su ffi ci e nt t o o ccupy e v e r y da o n c n fi nd t im e to I e m a in h e r e
y e a .

L o ok ! We stwa rd are the gre e n hill s of Ve rm ont which ski rt

t he C o nne c t i cu t r iv e r a nd st ill fu rth e r W e st w e se e the l o fty
,

s um m i ts o f J ay Pe a k M t M a nsfi e ld and C a m e l s H ump N ort h

’
.
, ,
.

i s a n e x te nsi v e v a ll e y wi t h t he S tra tf ord P e a k s a nd the ra ng e o f

m o u nta i ns i n J e ffe rso n r i si ng b e y o nd m a ki ng a b e a u tiful moun ,

t a i n l a nd sc a p e E ast i s the g re at Whi te M o u nta i n ch a i n wi th

.
, .
,

M o u nt Wa shi ng ton f o r the c e ntra l figu re S o uth a nd i mm e di .

,

a t e ly ba ck o f the Vill a g e i s M t A assi t h e su mmi t o f which

g g .
,

i s 900 f e e t a b o v e the stre e ts of B e thl e h e m .

All t h e se w oo d e d summi ts are a standi ng i nvi tati on t o hay

f e v e l suff e rers a nd Vi si to r s t o c o me up high e r A nd th e se .
”

gl e c n pl e asant v a ll e y s wi th strea m s of p uI e r u nni ng w a te r

, , .

d e ligh t ful t o e v e ry o ne w ho c o m e h e re i n sear ch o f h ea l th a nd

,

T he Wl i i te M ounta i/a E cbo publi sh ed h e re i s ] i n i ts a rti sti c

'

, ,

m ak e up a s w e ll as e di to r i a lly c o nsid e r e d the p e er of m any of

-

, ,

t he m ore p re t e nt i o u s w e e kli e s a nd f ro m i t s p a g e s y ou ca n ,

o b t a i na b e t t er k no wl e dg e t h a n I h a v e sp a ce t o u se o f t hi s no w
,

f a m o u s re sort . ED G AR PALM ER .

TH DEN T I S TS o r N E W JER S EY a r e no t di sp o se d to all o w

E

t he “
picki ng u p ou t o f the gu tte r r e m a r k s o f D r E P arm l y
— - - - -
”
. .

B ro w n m a d e a t t he A m e r ic a n D e nta l A sso ci ati o n m e e t i ng to

, ,

p ass wi th o u t so m e a tte nt i o n a nd h a v e a cc o rdi ngly a sk e d the D r ,

.

t o a pp e a r b e f o r e t he C e ntr a l D e nt a l A sso ci a t i o n o f N e w J e r se y ,

a nd m a k e a n e xpl a na t i o n c o nc e r ni ng t he sa m e .

D r B ro w n i s a n h o nor a r y m e mb e r o f t he S o ci e ty a nd som e
.
,

who h a v e b e e n pupil s o f his a nd t h e y a r e g e nt l e m e n a nd re fl e ct ,

ho no i up on th e i r pre ce pto l a nd up o n t he d e nta l p r o f e ssi o n ca n ,

no t u nd e r sta nd why e v e n i n a j o cul a r w ay such re m a r k s co ul d

, ,

ha v e b e e n m a d e by him I n t h e i r p r e se nt t e m p er the D r 8 e x
.
,
.

pl anat i o n wil l h a v e t o b e lucid a nd a n a p ol o gy a m pl e o r he will ,

g o o u t n —
o t t h e w ay he c a m e i n .
 B ri e f (D e ntie n . .

D C C C H I T T E N D O N AN D ED GER PAL M E R w ere re sp e c t ive l y

R S . . .

re e l e c te d P re sid e nt a nd S e c r e ta ry o f t he Wi sc o nsi n S ta te B o a r d
-

o f D e nta l E x a mi ne rs a t A ppl e to n July 1 7th 1 890 , ,

.

J P G RA Y M D f or m e rly of S e d a li a M O no w of N a sh
. .
,
. .
, ,
.
,

vill e Te nn o ccupi e s the p o si t i ono f Pro f e ssor of M e ch a nica l and

,
.
,

Cli nica l D e nti stry i n the D e nta l D e p a r tm e nt U niv e rsi ty o f

, ,

T e nne sse e .

JAM E S A L Y D S T O N M D P h G l a te Chi e f o f E y e a nd E ar
.
,
. .
,
. .
,

D e p a r tm e nt P e nsi o n Bu re a u W a shi ng to n D C ha s b ee n a p
, , , . .
,

p o i nte d to the Ch a i r o f Ch e mi stry in the Chic a g o C o ll e g e of

Phy sici a ns a nd Su r g e ons .

D WILLI A M CO N RAD re ce ntly e nte rta i ne d a numb e r of th o se

R .

c onne c te d wit h the AR C HIVE S OF DENTI S TR Y at his ne w h o m e ,

3872 D e lm ar A v e T he d o ctor w a s c o ng ra tul a t e d up o nhi s S h o w

.

o f g oo d t a st e i n the pl a ns o f hi s e l e g a nt a nd c o sy r e sid e nc e .

M ay he a nd his f a m ily liv e l ong to e nj oy i t .

K LLING P u
I Wh e n a rse nic i s u se d D r H
L Ps .
—
s pl a n i s , . arl a n
’

v e ry sa ti sf a ctory viz : a pply the a r se nic di re c tl y t o the pul p

,
.

t o day re m o v e the m e dici ne to m o rr o w a nd fill t he c a vi ty wi th

-

,
-

a sa tu r a te d a lc o h o lic so l uti o n o f t a nni n the e ight h d a y t he pulp ‘

m a y b e r e m o v e d e nti re A W M c C AN D L E ss . . . .

T H E S P IRI T S OF G U M CA MP HOR wil l re m o v e a l l i rri ta t i ng o r -

c a u stic e ff e c ts o f c a rb o li c o cid I f the ski n o r muc o u s me m .

b ra ne sh ould a ccid e nta lly b e bu rne d by the u se o f c a r b o lic a cid ,

a pply stro ng spi r i ts o f c a mph o r 0 11 c o t to n o r if t he bu rn b e ,

l a rge a pply a p a ste m a d e o f the gum m o i ste ne d wi th a lc o h o l it

,

will r e qui re b ut a f e w m o m e nts f o r thi s re m e dy to re m o v e a l l

i nj u ri o u s e lf c cts o f the e sch a ro t ic D o no t l e a v e it o n l o ng e r .

t h a n i s ne c e ssa ry a nd 11 0 u npl e a sa nt e ff e c t will f o ll o w i ts u se .

B Q S T EV EN S . . .
4 78 TH E A R CH I VE S or DE N TI S TR Y .

D R . J C . . G OO D R I C H We ntzvill e M O p a id u s a c all while

, ,
.
, ,

he w a s i n t he ci ty to pl a c e hi s son i n the Mi ssour i D e ntal C oll e ge .

D R . G . W
f or m e rly o f Po i nte a Pi tr e
. S P AR R O CK , , G ua di l o upe ,
W I i s no w l o c a te d i n L im a P e ru S A wh er e
. .
, , , . .
,
i n t he fu tu re
he will r e c e iv e hi s c o py o f the A R C H I V E S .

TH T W EN T Y T H I R D A NNUAL MEE T I N G OF T H E AM E R I C AN
E -

A C A D E M Y OF DE N TAL S C IEN C E wil l b e h eld in B oston on We d ,

ne sday N ov 1 2 th 1 890 ,
T he a nnu a l a dd re ss will b e d eli v e r e d
.
,

by W W H Th a ck ston M D
. . o f F a r m vi ll e V i r i ni a
.
g ,
. .
, ,
.

EDWAR D N H AR R I S .
,

2 P a rk Squ a r e B o st o n M a ss Corr esp ondi ng S ecr eta r y

, ,
. .

CE N T
AL DE N T AL AS S O CI A TI O N OF N E W JE R S EY N E W DE N TAL
R ,

P A TE N S T
T he m e mb e r s of the C e ntr a l D e nta l A sso c i a ti o n of
.
—

N e w J e r se y h a v e ta k e n u p the m a tte r of p a tent s in d e nta l

,

o p e ra t i o ns a nd h a v e a pp o i nt e d a c o m m i tt e e t o c o nf e r wi t h o th e r
'

d e nta l so ci e ti e s and to p e t i t i on C o ngre ss to p a ss a l aw a ga i nst

g ra nti ng such p a te nts T he co m mi ttee i s c om p o se d of the f ol .

l o wing ge ntl e m e n
D rs W a t ki ns M ont cl a i r
. Cha i rma n ; L u c k e y P a tt er son ;
, , ,

F i sk N e war k : S to ckt on N e war k ; E aton E l iza b eth ; M e e ker

, , , ,

Ne war k S anger O range : L e vy O range ; A dam s S O range , , ,

. .

V UL C AN ZER PA C KI N G T he fo ll o wi ng i nstructi ons m ay no t

I .
-

m e e t the a ppr o va l of r ubb er m anuf a c tu re rs o r d e ntal go o d s

d e a l e rs b ut no d o ub t will b e a pp re ci ate d by d e nti sts e sp e ci a lly
— “

t h ose p r a c tici ng i n pl a c e s re m o t e fr o m d e nt a l supply sh o ps .

I h ave no t u se d f or t w enty y e ars a r ubb e r p a cki ng to my V ul

cani z e r s ; a l w a y s h a v e t igh t j o i nts ; a nd no st ra i n re qui si te t o

e i t h e r sc r e w o n o r o ff t he ca p the p a cki ng i ts e lf b e i ng a fi ne ,

lubr ic ator A ll thi s i s a cc o mpli sh e d by the u se of D i x on s

.
’

G raphi te to which i s a dd e d w a te r m a ki ng to c onsi ste ncy of

, ,

so f t p a st e F ill the fl ange o f the cap and scr e w d own wi th

.

m o derate p re ssu re A f e w d ro p s of w ate r to m o i ste n the p a ck .

ing i n the c a p e a ch t im e u se d i s re qui re d O ne such p a cking I .

h a v e k no w n to l ast f or m onth s O nc e u se d y o u w ill not a b an .

do n . F C BAR LO W D D S .
, . . .
 P a t e nt s .

ATEN TS AN D TRA D E M ARK S RELATING

P —

T O D EN T I ST RY
M R H IG D ON H
E SS S . S l i it f U ni t d S t t nd IGD ON ,
o c 01 s o e a es a

FOI e i gn P t nt
D
fii m 2d fl
a e I O O F Buildi ng
s, o ce r oo s o or . . . .
,

N i nth nd O liva t t S t Lo ui nd i n L D
e it B il dm g
s I ee s . s, a e I O u

W a shi ng ton D ,
. C .
,
I e pO I t t he f o ll o wi ng p a t e nt s .

I S S UE D F R O M J UNE 20 TO J ULY 2 0, 1 890 .

AM

Slip j o i nt a nd C o upl ing f o r D e nt a l E ngine s D a vid E

.

— -

, .

C o ul son G a l e sbu rg I ll , ,
.

—
A r tifi c ia l D e ntu re N J G oo dwi n a ssig nor of o ne ,
. .
,

hal f t o E K e m psha l l H ar tf o rd C o nn
.
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.

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T ooth B ru sh T G W o nd e rly G a l e na I ll ,
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.

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D e nta l E ngi ne M ot iv e g e ar P e ter B ro w n M o ntr ea l -

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C a na d a .

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Fo unta in Sy ri nge Ch a s A Tatu m a ssig nor to Whit ,
. .
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al l Ta tum C o mp a ny N e w Y or k
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.

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T re a dl e P F o u rni e r assigno r to M D e M a rs T ol e do O
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R e cip ro c a t i ng E l e c tr i c E ng i ne C J V a nD e poe l e ,
. .

Ly nn M a ss ; ( fi v e )
,
.

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D e nta] Po li sh i ng P e ncil K C Wh a l e y P o m er oy 0 , . .
, , .

D e nta l Articul a to r J 11 0 W M o ffi tt a ssig no r to Wil ,

. .
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mi ng to u D e nta l M a n f g C o mp a ny Phil a d e lphi a , .

— Sy r i nge H ugo B a sl e r B roo kly n

, ,
.

T A D E M ARK
R —
S .

— D e o d o riz e rs D i si nf e c ta nts L i nim e nts a nd O i ntm e nts

, , ,

E lli ngw o o d C o mpa ny L o we ll M a ss A pplica , , .

t i o n fil e d M a y 1 7 1 890 ; u se d si nc e S e p t 1 7 1 887 ; , .
,

—
the w o rd E l a to l ,
.

—
A P ro phyl a c tic f o r u se in Mic ro bi a n Di se a se s R E ,
. .

Wo o dw a rd C hic a go A pplic a ti o n fil e d M ay 1 9
,
.
,

1 890; u se d si nc e A p ril 29 ,

I l e rm o sa P to m a i ne a nd L e uc o m a i ne A ntid o te
.
.
”
4 80 TH E AR C HI VE S OF DE N T I S T RY .

I SSUE D FR O M J ULY 2 0 T O AUGU S T 20 1 890 ,

.

— A r tifi cial T o o th E m o ry A B ry a nt a ssig no r of o ne

,
.
,

h a lf to E P R ose A sp e n C o l o
. .
, ,
.

— D e nta l V ulc a niz er Ja m e s E Q ui nn B o ston M ass ,

.
, ,
.

— C o mbi ne d I nh a l e r a nd Spi ro m e ter Willi a m A S hepf ,

.

a rd E lgi n I ll
, ,
.

—
A tta ch me nt f o r D e nta l E ngi ne H and pi e c e s Ar thu r ,

W B ro wne P r i nc e s B ay N J a ssignor t o S S :
.
’
, ,
. .

Whi te D e nta l M a nufa c tu ri ng C o Phil a d e lphi a P a .

, , .

—
D e nta l Mixi ng Sl a b L e vi T e a l a ssig nor t o S S , ,
. .

Wh ite D e nta l M anufa ctu r i ng C o Phil a d e lphi a P a .

, ,
.

—
C o mbi ne d D e nt a l M a ll e t a nd Pli e rs A r thu r 0 C ore y ,
.
,

C o u ncil G ro v e K a n ,
.

—
A r t ifi ci a l Tooth Ch a r l e s H L and D e t ro i t Mich
,
.
, ,
.

TR A D E M A R K S —
’

—
M e dic ate d o r Ar om a t ic T o o th pick s E rne st E B ur ,
.

so n R o ckf o r d I ll ; u se d si nc e M ar ch 1 890
, ,
.
,
.

T o ot h P o wd e r F e r na nd o A E w e r N e w York N Y
'

—
, , .
,
.

u se d si nc e M ay 2 0 1 890 the w ord A m b rosi a l

_

— “
, , , .

I S S UE D F R O M AUGU S T 2 0 T o S E PTE MB ER 20 1 890 ,

.

—
To o th pic k H e i nr ich C F O e hl e ck e r H a mbu rg
—
,
. .
, ,

Ger m any .

— D e nta l F o r c e p s B e nj a mi n E Bu rge r M err ill Wi s

,
.
, ,
.

—
L o cki ng D e vice f or the Fl a sk s of D e ntal V ulca niz ers ,

Arthu r H S to dd ard a ssig nor to B oston D e nta l

.
,

M anufa ctu ri ng C o B osto n M ass .

, ,
.

— R ubb e r D a m Cl a mp J am e s W I vory Phil a de lphi a ,

.
, ,

Pa .

—
T o ot h Po wd e r B ottl e Willi a m H B ayl e s M o u nt ,
.
,

Cl a i r N J ,
. .

4 36, 6 03 —
Te e th S e p ar a to r J a m e s W I v o ry a nd A W ay ne Phil a
,
. .
,

d e lphi a P a ; sa id W ay ne a ssig no r to sa id I v o ry
,
. .

T RA D E M ARK —
S

—
R ubb
D e nta l er , E dw d J ar . M c C o r m I ck , N e wY k or ,

N Y A pplic
. . at on i fil e d July ” 1 890 ; u se d si nc e ,

J anu ary 1 , 1 890 —

the w o rd Gl adi ator ”
,
“
.
 S UC C E S S O R TO

H i ssouri D enta l Journa l , a l so Cons ol i da te d wi th N ew E ng l a nd Journa l of D e ntis t/7 .

V oL . V II .
,
N o . NO V E MB ER . 1 890 .
!N E W SE R IE S .

’
r i gi na l CI rtie l e s .

N o a r ti cl e w i l l be
p nbl i s/z ed i n t/z i s d epa r tm e nt t/z a t ha s been r e a d bef ore
an y soci e ty o r ha s appe a r ed i n a ny p u bl i ca ti on
-

T b e edi to r d oes not I z ol d b i m se lf r e spo nsi bl e i n a ny se nse f or M e v i e ws , ,

expr essed by the a nt/ t a rs of o r ig i na l a r t i cl es .

A ny a r ti cl e i nte nd ed f o r thi s d epa r tm e nt shou l d be r ece i v ed by M e fi r st

of tb e nz o nt/z pr e v i o us to i ts bl i ti n — E d
p u
‘
ca o . .

FRA CT URE OF T HE INFERIOR M A XILLARY .

B Y W AR W I K W IN T ON B U TT E I T YC S , C , CO L .

T he ubj e c t of the c a se w as a m a n a b o ut 2 5 y e a rs o f a ge
s .

B e i ng t h ro w n f ro m his h orse he struck the chi n 0 11 the l o w e r l e f t

a ngl e f ra c tu ri ng the b o ne j u st to the l e f t o f the sy m p hisis ;
,

t h e r e w a s a l so a h or iz o nta l f ra c tu re o f t he a lv e o l a r p ro c e ss e x ,

te ndi ng f ro m t he fi rst bicu spid to t he r igh t c e nt ra l o f thi s

po r
t i o n th e re w a s m a rk e d di spl a c e m e nt the te e th a nd p ro c e s s b e i ng
,

t h ro w n i nw a rd O n t he e v e ni ng a f te r t he a ccid e nt t he te e th
.
,

w e re wi re d i n pl a c e a nd the c a s e w a s ta k e n i n c ha r e o f b v his
,
g .
4 82 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN TI S TRY .

phy sici a n w ho a ppli e d the o rdi na ry chi n spli nt wi t h f ou r ta il e d

,
-

b a nd a g e s A w e e k l a te r u p o n r e m o v a l o f the wi re t he te e t h
.
, ,

r e sum e d t he a b nor m a l p o si t i o n hi s phy s ici a n t h e n r e qu e ste d

;
m e t o m a k e a n a ppli a nc e t o re t a i n th e m fi rm ly in pl a c e I co n .

st r u c t e d a spli nt a f t e r t he f a shi o n iv e n i n t he figu r e t he im

g

p re ssi o n b e i ng tak e n wi th o u t a tte mp ti ng t o r e sto re t he p a rts to

t h e i r p ro p er p o si t i o n ; the m o d e l w a s c ut a nd the a r t icul a ti o n
r e st o r e d the spli nt w a s t h e n m a d e i n t he u su a l m a nne r T he .

l o w er c ap b e i ng sh all o w the W i re s w e r e pl a c e d o v er the t e e th

,

a nd t wi ste d o u t sid e o f the spli nt Thi s a v o id e d a ny p ossibl e

.

di spl a ce m e nt ; the e nd of the wi re w a s c o ver e d wi t h g utta p e rch a -

t o p r e v e nt i rr i ta t i ng the lip s a nd a b and a g e w o und a ro u nd t he

,

chi n a nd o v e r the h e a d A f te r t w e nty six d ay s the spli nt w as

.
-

re m o v e d l e avi ng a c orre c t ar t i c ul a ti o n e xc e p t i ng a sligh t e l o n

'

, ,

a t i o n o f t he wi sd o m t e e t h o v er which the spli nt had no t e x

g
t e nd e d t hi s h o w e v e r w a s o v e r c o m e i n a f e w d ay s
, , A n a bc e ss .

c a u se d by the c o ntu si on h e a l e d wi th no o th e r t re a tm e nt th an
,

cl e anli ne ss .

C RI T I C I SM OF RE P ORT OF T HE A D A M EE TING . . . .

T he re se e m s to b e a slight di scre p a ncy b e t w e e n the A R C HIVE S ’

r e p o rt o f t he l a st m e e t i ng o f t he A m e r ic a n D e nt a l A sso ci a t i o n

a nd t h at o f t he Weste r n J ou r na l O f c o u rse the A R C HIVE S has

.
,

m a d e a blu nd e r i n i ts c r i t ici sm .
 O RIGINAL A R T I C LE S . 4 83

H a ve p a id in my a nnu a l c o ntribu ti o n f o r tw e nty y e a rs

I no t
o r m o re a nd s p e nt hu nd re d s o f d o ll a r s t o a t te nd i t s se ssi o ns ;
,

a nd d o e s a ny o ne p re s um e t o i nt im a t e t h a t t hi s g ra nd A m e r ic a n
.

C o nve nti o n c a n b e m a d e a ta rg e t f o r a ny u nc o mplim e nta ry re

m a r k s wi th o u t a p ro te st 3 D o e s a ny o ne r e c o ll e c t wh e n i t ha s
'

f a il e d t o e nc o u ra g e the y o u ng t o j o i n ( a nd pay t h e i r f e e ) a nd ,

m a nif e ste d a n e qu ally u nse lfi sh d e v o ti o n t o the o ld e r o ne s by

'

u rgi ng th e m t o stay ? I t i s a b su rd f or the A RC HIVE S t o ki ck “

b e c a u se ni ne ty o u t e v e ry hu nd re d m e mb e rs a r e a lw ay s re l e ga te d
t o b a ck se a t s a nd a re o nly e xp e c te d t o c o m e a nd se e the g re a t
,

m e n smil e wh e n t h e y w a nt t o g a th e r plum s p o w e r o r plu nd e r ,

.

E v e n Chic ago m e mb ers migh t o bj e c t to such a n e xh ibi ti on o f

i nso l enc e if f or a m om e nt y o u e nte rta i n a d oub t th a t the wh o l e
ear t h d o e s no t d ra w i t s li t e r a ry i nsp ira t i o n f ro m the hom e O f “

t he p re sid e nt s ( a nd ne a rly a l l the o th e r Offic e r s a nd c o mmitt e e s

,

a s w e ll
) a nd sh o uld no t b e e nt i tl e d t o r un the A sso ci a t i o n f o r
,

e ve r. Yo u ng m a n h a v e y ou a mbi ti o n a nd ta l e nt ? H ere i s a
,

fi eld f o r y o u c o m e a nd j o i n the A D A D o n t e xp e c t a ny
,
’
. . .

’
t h i ng f o r the fi rst t w e nty y e a rs b u t the tre a su re r s r e c e ip t a nd
t ra nsa c t i o ns
”
the .

N o m atte r ho w f a r y o u h a v e to go a ttend e v e ry m e e ti ng .

N o tice a nd p rofi t by o b servi ng the broa d lib e ra l a nd h arm oni o u s ,

w o r k of the se ssi o ns a nd y ou will th e n si t d o w n a nd r e a d o ve r

y o u r t ra nsa c ti o ns wi th a be tte r u nd e rst a ndi ng of i ts m e ri ts .

Y o u w ill t hi r st f o r m o r e a nd buy a l l ba ck nu m ber s a nd wi th ,

y o u r m i nd e xp a nd e d a nd y o u r symp a thi e s a r o u se d f ro m such

,

a n a sso ci a t i o n wi t h t he r ea test a nd onl y wi se m e n i n o u r

g p ro
’
f e ssio n b e p re p ar e d t o do y o u r lif e s w o r k b ra v e ] y a nd w e ll
, .

Th e n c o m e a nd j o i n m e i n thi s pro te st a g a i nst a ny i nsi nu a

, ,

t i o n t h a t the A D A i s no t the p rid e of a l l I ts m e mb e rs ; o r

. . .

r u n so a s t o d e v e l o p a nd b ri ng o u t t he b e st e ff o rt s o f b o th y o u ng

a nd o l d w ho c o nt ribu te to i ts supp o r t a nd giv e the g r e a te st,

b e ne fi t to t he l a r g e st numb e r i n t he i nte re sts o f d e nta l sci e nc e .

ON E O F TH E 00 .
 ra ns l a tie n .

T HE S UPERN U M ERARY AN D H Y P O N UM E R AR Y
T EE T H OF T HE HU M AN J A W W I T H ,

A P P E N D E X RELAT ING T O T HE S O
C ALLE D D E N T I T O C I TE D .

B Y P R OF D R BUS C H . . .

T R A A
N SL TE D V BYW AN G H . E O AN S
J J A C E L I N , F R . . R . P TR I K,

E V IN O S B L L E I L L E , I L L I .

(C O N T I N UE D FR O M PAG E

PA T
R I I .
—
H Y P O N U M E R AR Y .

T he a b se nce of t e e t h i n the no rm a l
d e nt i t i on o u tsid e of the
c ase s of i mp erfe ct h a i r d e v e lo pm e nt a re fo u nd b ut the ca se sa r e ,

v e ry limi te d Th e r e ar e e l e v e n m o d e l s of c a se s a nd al l o f th e se
.
,

b e l ong t o the p er m a ne nt se t o f tee th Of t h e se t h re e S h o w .

,

a b se nc e of sup er i o r l a t e r a l i nci so r s .

O ne sh o w s a b se nc e of R S L a t I nci so r . . . .

T w o c a st s S h o w a b se nc e i n l e f t sup er i o r l a te ra l i nci sor T he .

r igh t l at e ra l ha s d e g e ne r a t e d t o a p e g to o th .

T w o c asts sh o w a b se nc e o f b o th upp er l a t e ra l i nci sors a nd

b oth l o we r c e ntra l i nci sors ; a nd i n o ne c ase of t h e se l ast a l th o ugh ,

the se c o nd m o l ar has m a d e i ts a pp e ara nc e the l o w e r c e ntra l ,

d e cid uo us i nci sors a r e i n pl a c e .

O ne c ast S h o w s a b se nc e i n b o t h upp e r l a te ra l s a nd f o u r l o w e r
i nci so rs ; whil e o ne l o w e r de cid uo u s to o th st ill r e m a i ns in pl a c e .

O ne c a st w a nt s a si ngl e l o w er i nci so r ; whil e the u pp e r inci so r s

a r e a l l p e rf e c t .

T he l a st c a st ta k e n f ro m the j a w o f a 1 7 y e ar ol d o th e r wi se
,
- -

no rm a lly d e v e l o p e d y o u ng m a n sh o w s v e ry c o mplic a te d ara nge ,

m e nt I n the upp er j a w th e c e ntra l i nci sor s ar e sm a ll c rippl e d

.
, , ,

a nd st a nd 4 mm a p a r t . T he l e f t l a te ra l i s d e g ene r at e d t o a pe g
.

t o o t h the r igh t a l tog e t h e r m i ssi ng no twi t h st a nding a wid e ,

 TRAN S LA T ION . 4 85

s pa c e l e f t f o r it B o th c a ni ne s a pp e a r a s st ro ng pe g te e th T he
. .

p re m o lars a re mi ssi ng o n b o th sid e s a nd 0 11 the r igh t sid e t he ,

se c o nd d ecidu o u s m o l a r s still r e m a i n M 1 a nd M 2 are w e ll d e v e l -

Op e d 0 11 t he l e ft sid e ; whil e o n the r igh t t h e y a re d e str oy e d by

c a ri e s I n the l o w e r j aw th e re i s o ne pe g to o t h i n pl a c e o f the
.
,

i nci sors T he ca ni ne p a rta k e s o f the sa m e sh a p e as the upp e r

.

c a ni ne s a nd the p re m o l ars ar e p re se nt ; whil e the oth e r m ol ars

,

h a v e b e e n d e stroy e d by c a ri e s .

Fro m the c oll e cti on ; i t m ay b e se e n th a t the l ate ra l i nci sor

is a t a l l t im e s a b se nt e i th e r o n the o ne sid e or b o th a nd if
, ,

o n o ne S id e
!
the o th e r i s ch a ng e d t o a p e g to o t h
,
Th e se .

o c curr e nc e s a r e f re q u e nt ; a nd i n so m e f a mili e s a r e h e re di t a r y .

I t w o uld h a v e b e e n e a sy to h a v e i nc re ase d thi s c o ll e c t i o n I t .

has b e e n said th a t the sup er i or l a te ra l i nci sor s are di sa pp e a r i ng

f ro m the hum a n j a w , a t l e a st f ro m the civiliz e d ra c e s of E u ro p e ,

a nd i n t im e will b e a l t o ge th er a b se nt T he su p e r i o r d e cidu o u s .

'

l a te ra l i nci so r doe s no t S h o w t hi s t e nd e ncy a nd a w ant o f th e se

te e th i s o f v e ry r a r e o ccu r re nc e .

B ri ngi ng th e se tw o f a c ts to ge t h e r o ne must d ra w the c o nclu ,

si o n t h a t t h e re a r e m a ny p e o pl e whi ch ha d b o t h d e cidu o u s su
p
l a ter a nd th e se w e re no t re pl a c e d by the p e r m a ne nt te e th
. .

Di re c t a na to mic al o b se r v a ti o n i s v e ry u nc e r ta i n a s the m ost ,

pe o pl e do no t re m e mb er wh e th er th e y ha d l a te ra l i nci so rs o r
no t . T he l o w e r i nci so rs a l so sh o w d e f e c ts i n o ne ca se o f nor m a l
d e v e l o pm e nt ( wi t h e xc e pti o n th at the M 3 ha s no t er up te d ) the ,

l e f t c e ntra l i nci so r ; a nd in t w o c a se s the a b se nce o f the u pp e r

l a te ra l th e re i s a w a nt o f the l o w e r c e ntra l i nci so rs I n o ne of .

t h e se c ase s t he c a st o f a 1 4 y e a r ol d b oy i n w hich the M 2 ha d

,
- -

e r up te d b ut t he d oc c a ni ne i n, w e r e st ill in pl a c e
,
. T he se c ond
, .

c a se t h a t o f a 2 1 y e a r o l d gi rl i n whi ch t he M 3 ha d e rup te d a nd
,
- -

t he de c i nci so rs w e re st ill i n pl a c e
. T he l a st p a ti e nt sta te d th a t .

the a b se nc e o f the upp e r c e ntra l i nci so rs w a s h e r e di ta ry I n he r

f a mily I n the l a st c a se a gi rl of 1 7 y e ars th e re i s w a nti ng
.
, , ,

be sid e s t he upp e r l a te ra l i nci so rs the f o u r l o w e r i nci so rs whil e ,

t he l e f t de e c e n i nci so r st ill re m a i ns i n pl a c e
. . T he l a st c a se i s .

lik e the p re vi o u s o ne i nso much t h a t i n thi s a l so th e re is a n

,

a b se nc e o f the r igh t upp e r l a te ra l i nci so r wh il e t he l e f t i s d e g e n ,

e ra te d to a
p g
e t o o th b e sid e s i n t he pl a c e o f t he l o w e r te e t h
,

th e re is o nly a pe g to o th .
4 86 “ TH E A R C HI VE S OF DEN TI S T RY .

Thi s c ase i s m o re c o mpl e x b e c a use fo u r c a ni ne s a r e pe g te e th ,

t he upp er p r e m o l a rs a re m i ssi ng w hi l e t he l o w e r h a v e the f o r m

'

o f pe g t e e th A ny o th e r d e f e c t e i the r o f b o dy or mi nd i s not
.

give n a nd he c o uld not gi ve a ny d a te a s to the d e fe c ts of the

,
'

t e e th o f hi s f a mily .

Fro m t he li te r a tu re I c ould ge t the fo ll o wi ng c ase s

H e pb u m (T ra ns a c t i o ns of the O do nt o l ogi ca l S o ci ety of G r e a t ~

B ri tia n N e w S e r i e s V o l II
,
o b ser v e d a c ase i n which the
,
.
,

fo u r l o we r d e cidu o u s i nc i so rs r e m a i n i n m o u th i n a subj e c t 2 7
y e ar s of a ge a t thi s t im e t he y fe ll o ut a nd a s t he o th e rs did no t ,

a pp e a r t h e re w a s a pl a t e m a d e .

C a ra b e lli (K npf er taf el a z ur A na tom i e d es Bl a ndes Vi eu 1 844 ,

Pl a te XI V fig d e pic ts a l o w e r j a w of a 1 6 y e a r o l d gi rl
'

,
.
f

which has t w o p e rm a ne nt l ate ra l s a nd t w o d e cidu o u s c e ntr a l

i nc i sor s H arri so n ( T ra nsa c ti o ns of the O d o nto l o gic al S o cie ty o f
.
'

G re a t B ri ta i n N e w S e ri e s V ol III p a ge
,
p re se nts a m o d e l o f
, .
,
.

a 1 7 e a r ol d b o
y y w h i w ll d v e l o p e d f o r hi s a e I n h upp ‘
- -
o s e e , g t e er -

a w t he r ight d e cidu o u s c e nt r a l i s p r esse d o ut o f pl a c e by a str oii

j
‘

g
p e r m a ne nt te e t h t h e r e i s a w a nt o f a l a te ra l i nci so r the per
, ,

m ane nt c a ni ne s a nd d e cidu o u s c a ni ne s ar e in t he a rch lik e wi se ,

the b i sc u spi d s a l l the m o l a rs a re mi ssi ng a nd t he b a ck p a r t o f i

'

‘
t he j a w i s sm a ll a nd na rro w I n t he l o w e r j a w t her e a re two .

p er m a ne nt i nci so rs a nd t h re e d e c i nci so rs t he c a ni nes a nd .

“

fi rst b i scu spids a re w e ll d e v e l o p e d t he se c o n d b i scupids a re

-
'

c r i ppl e d the fi rst m o l ars a re no rm al a nd the se c o nd m ol a r s are ,

a b se nt .

V idl e r ( T ra nsa c t i ons o f the O d o nto l o gic a l S o ci e ty of G re a t ?

B ri ta i n N e w S eri e s V o l I p
,
has the m o d e l o f a chil d 2
,
.
,
.
-
.

y e ars a nd 8 m ont h s o l d which ha s t h re e t e e th i n e a ch j a w a n

‘

, ,
‘

i nci so r in f ro nt a nd a m o l a r o n e a ch sid e .

M o on ( I b ide n, V ol I X p giv e s f o ll o wi ng c a se : I n the i

.
, .

ar ch o f t he m o t h e r t h e r e i s mi ssi ng Sup I 2 a nd f o u r M B 2 M 3 5? ,
.
,. .

A so n of sa m e wi th hyd ro c e ph a lu s and wi th a b se nce O f sw eat ‘

gl and s w ho i s 9 y e a rs o l d a nd i s a t p re se nt S h e ddi ng hi s t e e th
,
.

T he f o u r M a re a b se nt t he upp e r c e ntra l i nc is o rs a re e r up ti ng
1 ,
:

a nd the t he r e st a r e d e cidu o u s t ee t h T he o t h e r child re n of th i s 5 .

m o th e r S ho w no rm al t o oth d e ve l o pm e nt
' '

H e m ( I b id e n V o l XV I p ,
de scr ib e s thre e ca Se S : ,
.
 TRAN S L A T ION . 4 87

Ca se Se v e n y e a r o l d b o y no rm a l p a re nts w e a k c o nst itu

1 - -

t i o n w a s p re vi o u sly r ick e ty I n t he l o w e r j a w a re f o u nd o nly

.

fo u r te e th the fi rst d e cidu o u s m o l a rs a nd t he fi rst p e rm a ne nt

,

m ol a rs I n t he uppe r j a w a re the sa m e te e th a b se nt a nd t he re
.
,

a re t w o c r ippl e d d e cidu o u s t e e t h T he a lv e o l a r p ro c e ss i s p o o r ly.

de ve l o p e d .

C a se 2 : Si x y e ar o l d b oy ; w e a k c onst i tu ti o n I n pl a c e of the
- —
.

l o w e r i nci so rs a re t h re e sm a ll c o nic a l te e th ; the upp e r j a w 1 8 ,

’

'

mi nu s t he l a te ra l i nci so r whil e the m iddl e o ne s a r e p o o rl y

,

d e v e lo p e d
’
.

C a se 3 T he f o u r y e a r o l d b ro th e r o f c a se t w o w e a k child ;
- -

in l o w e r j a w a ll i nci so r s a r e m i ssi ng whil e t he c a ni ne s are c rip ,

pl e d A t w o y e ar o l d b rot h e r of the sa m e ha s a no rm a l d e cidu o us

.
- -

se t o f t e e t h T he m o th e r ha s no r m a l te e t h t he 3 2 y e a r o l d f a the r
.
- -

i s w a nt i ng o f r igh t sup e r i o r l a te ra l ; whil e l e f t i s i n pl a c e b u t i s ,

d e gene ra te d to a peg to o th .

I n a l l d e fe c ts in the numb e r o f the te e t h the pl e a m ay b e ,

ra i se d t h a t p r o b a bly t he t o o t h i s d e v e l o p e d b u t st ill e nc ase d i n ,

the j a w b o ne a nd t hi s t he o r y so f a r as a si ngl e mi ssi ng o ne i s ,

c o nc e rne d i s v e ry stro ng a nd pl a u si bl e I f h o w e v e r a di sti nc t

,
.
, ,

g roup o f te e th f all o u t a nd a re no t re pl a c e d i n p ro pe r t im e a nd ,

l ea ve the sp a c e ne e d e d i t m ay b e c o nclud e d th a t the sue c e e ding

,

te e t h h a v e no t b e e n f o r m e d I b e li e v e t h a t wh e n t he l o we r c e n
.

t ra l i nci so r i s mi ssi ng a nd the spa ce ha s cl o se d up t h a t t he to o t h ,

i s s til l i n the j a w but i n no o th e r c a se do I b e li e v e so I t ha s .

b e e n S h o w n th a t the d e fe c ts o f t he upp e r l a te ra l i nci sors o ccu rre d

t wic e wi t h the d e f e c ts of t he l o w e r c e ntra l a nd o nc e wi t h d e f e c ts ,

o f a l l t he l o w e r i nci so rs ; a nd o ne c a nno t c o nclud e t h a t t hi s i s

ca u se d a l o ne by a ccid e nt B e c a u se o f the i nf re qu e ncy o f d e f e c t

.
.

of t he l o w e r i nci so rs c o nclu si o n c a nno t sa t h a t t h e se t e e t h a re

y
d e ge ne ra ti ng ! A m a die wh o se w o rk li e s be f o re m e o b se rv e d s ix
, ,

skull s th a t w e re mi nu s t w o upp e r l a t e ra l s D e fe c t o f the l o w e r .

i nci sor he c a nno t o b se rv e Wa nt o f c a ni ne s a re e x tre m e ly se l do m

.
,

a nd wh e n mi ssi ng i n t he a rch a re a lm o s t c e rta i n to b e f o u nd e n

c a se d l n t he j a w b o ne A m a d ie giv e s o ne c a se in w hich t he
.

U pp e r r igh t c a ni ne i s I I I i s s i ng a use d by the u nsymm e t ric a l ,

:

sh a p e o f t he h e a d a nd o the r a no m al i e s H e d o e n t o p e n t he . s o

b o ne to se e wh e th e r i t w a s in th e re o r no t ; so it c a nn t b ta te d o e s

th a t i t w a s no t .
4 88 TH E A R CH IVE S OF DEN T I S TR Y .

T he p re m o l a rs a re a l so of g re a t c o nsi ste ncy a nd wh e n o ne o f ,

the sa m e i s mi ssi ng i t i s v e r y p r o b a bl e i t i s st ill i n t he b o ne o r

, ,

e l se i t w a s e x tra c t e d i n e a r ly i nf a ncy T he l o w e r bicu spid s o ft e n

.

s h o w a di stu r b a nc e i n d e v e l o pm e nt which m a k e s t h e m Vi c t i m s of

e a rly e x tr a c t i o n t he upp er o ne s a re a l so a ffe c te d t hi s w a y b u t ,

no t so much so a s the l o w e r T he p a ti e nt s t h e m se lv e s do not

.

k no w wh e th e r the e x tra cte d o ne s are d e cidu o u s or p e r m anent

t e e th a nd i t i s e x t re m e ly har d t o asce rta i n t he t r u e f a ct s In .

o ne o f t he pl a st er c a sts i n m p o sse ssi o n t h ere i s m i ssi ng the

y ,

upp e r bicu spid a nd o n t he r igh t S id e the se c o nd d e cidu o u s mo l ar

,

i s st ill i n p o si t i o n t hi s will a t l e ast cl o se t hi s sid e t o the th ough t

o f p r e vi o u s e x t ra c t i o n A ga i nst t hi s the th e ory ca nno t w e ll b e
.

pl a c e d t h a t th e y a re st ill imb e dd e d i n the j aw b one f or su ch a

t hi ng i s highly imp ro b a bl e i n the a w of a se v e nt e e n y e a r o l d
j - -

b oy . A m a di e o b se r v e d the f a ilu r e o f t he upp er p re mo l ar s t hr e e

t im e s of t h e se o nc e t he f a ilu r e o f b o t h r igh t a nd l e ft p re mo l ars
,
.

H e d oe s no t say wh e t h e r t h at c o uld not h a v e b e e n e ar ly e x tra e

‘

t i o n o r r e t e nti o n i n the j a w .

(T o B E C ON T I N U E D ) .

IMP E S S ION S of t he m o u t h f o r full o r p a rti a l d e nt u re s sh o uld

R

a lw a y s b e t a k e n i n pl a ste r Wh e re di ffi cul t i e s a r i se a s t h e y
.
,

o f t e n d o i n p a rt i a l c a se s D r A ngl e s pl a n i s u niq u e i n i ts si m
’
,
.

p l i c i ty viz
,
. : o i l the imp re ssi o n cup b e f o re p o u r i ng t he pl a ste r ,

i n o r d e r t o f a cili ta t e t he re m o v a l of t he f o r m e r f ro m t he l a tte r
t h e n di vid e t he o u te r p o rt i o n o f the imp r e ssi o n i nto t h r e e pi e c e s
whe n the wh o l e ca n b e e asily re m o v e d a nd r e pl ac e d i n t he cu p .

MOU S TA C HE S I f yo u h a v e e v e r b e e n e x a sp erate d by a h e av y
.
—

m u st a ch e o b struct i ng y o u r Vi e w of the li ng ua l a sp e ct o f the or a l

t e e t h a nd w ho ha s not whil e e nd e a v o ri n
, ,
g to re m o v e d e p osi ts
o f c a lculu s a pi e c e o f r ubb e r da m o v e r t he lip a nd h e ld b a ck i n
,

t he u su a l m a nne r will m a k e y o u h a ppy .

D R A W M C CAN D LE S S I o w a
. . .
,
.
 e e l c fil e s -
.

ILLIB E R AL P AT ENT M E THO DS IN D E N TI STRY AN D ,

T HE LEGI S LA T I V E M EA S URE S T O P RO
T E C T D E N T I STS T HEREFRO M .

BY w F . . P HILA D ELP HIA PA

R E H F U ss, ,
.

( O T NUE D FRO M P AGE C N I

T he d e nta l p rofe ssi o n i s divid e d o n the subj e ct of p ate nts i n

e ne ra l O n t he o ne sid e t he m a j o r i t y o f o u r m o st e m i ne nt
g .
,

p racti t i oner s a sse rt t h a t the p ro f e ssi on has b e e n a nd i s be i ng ,

d ra g g e d d o w n t o a t ra d e l e v e l or bu si ne ss by d e nt i st s t a ki ng o ut
,

p atents o n t he i r ne w i nv e nti o ns a nd di sc o v e ri e s a nd a dv anc e the ,

a r gum e nt s t h a t d e nt i stry c a nno t ra nk w i t h m e di cm e l a w a nd ,

o thers a s a lib e r a l p ro f e ssi o n so l o ng a s i t s m e mb e r s will e n

c o u ra ge p a t e nt m e t h o d s a nd se c re t m a te ri a l s Th e y h old tha t .

no thi ng i n d e nti stry sho uld b e p a te nt e d a l l k no wl e d g e a nd d i s

—

c o v e r i e s sh o uld b e c o ntr ibu te d to o u r p r o f e ssi o n f re e f o r a l l ,

t o u se .

Am on g the m i nor i ty w ho ta k e the pp o si t e vi e w a re al so i i1

o

cl ude d a f e w p ro mi ne nt p ra c ti t i o ne rs Th e y cl a i m th a t p a te nt s .

up on i nstrum e nts a ppli a nc e s a nd p ro c e sse s h a v e by re a so n o f

, ,

the st imulu s of t he re w ard f o r t he ir l a b o r a nd the no to r i e ty g a i ne d

t h er e by c a u se d m a ny m e n w ho h a v e the a bili ty to e xp e r im e nt
, .
,

a nd st udy a nd t h e re by c re a t e t h e se i nv e nti o ns which t h e y w o uld ,

no t h a v e d o ne c o uld th e y no t h a v e re a p e d a r e w a r d th e r e f ro m .

T he di sc o v e ri e s o f th e se m e n i t i s cl a i me d ha v e i n a g re a t m e a s
, ,

u re pl a c e d d e nt i stry i n t he f ro nt ra nk s as a s ci e nt ific p ro f e ssi o n .

I ca n b ut a dmi t ge ntl e m e n th a t I w o u l d w e l co m e the tim e wh e n

, ,

p a te nt m e th o d s w e re a bo li sh e d in d e nti st ry ; w e a re 11 v re c o g
niz e d a s a sp e ci a l ty o f m e d ici ne the m e d ic a l p ro fe ssi o n ha s
—

o p e ne d t h e i r C o ng re ss to us a d m i t te d u s to m e mb e rshi p
, a nd ,

( 489 )
4 90 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN T I S T RY .

we a re no w c o gniz e d a s a p a r t o f th e m C a n w e m a i nta i n and

re .

stre ng th e n t h a t p o si t i o n? N o t if w e a ll o w s uc h illib e ra l m e th o d s
i n t he p ro f e ssi o n I n a lib e ra l p ro f e ssi o n suc h a s t he m e dic a l
.
,

p ro fe ssi o n no m e m b e r i s a ll o w e d t o p a te nt a ny i nstr um e nt s
, ,

a ppli a nc e s Op e r a t i o ns o r m e th o d s of o p e ra t i ng
, H e i s e xp e c te d .

to giv e f re e ly to hi s p ro f e ssi o n a ny k no wl e dg e he m ay a cqui r e

o r di sc o v e r y he m a y m a k e a nd no t wi thh o ld f o r hi s o w n e xclu
,

si v e u se o r by r e a so n o f the p o w e r g ra nte d hi m by t he p a t e nt
,

ch arg e r oy a l t i e s or in o th e r w a y s d e r iv e p e cu ni a ry b e ne fi t f rdm
,

i t b illib era l m e th o d s
y .

D e nt i stry o f t he p re se nt c anno t f ulfill th e se q uire m e nts and

t h e re f o re c a nno t h o ne stly cl a im t o b e a lib e i a l p ro f e ssi o n T he .

i o se nt c o ndi t i o n o f d e nt i str y has wi tne sse d t he e v o lu t i o n o f

p
m a ny ne w imp ro v e m e nts di sc o v e r i e s a nd a dv a nc e s i n i ts sci e n
,

t ifi c a tta i nm e nts D e nti stry ha s t r iumph e d a nd p ro g ressed

.

t h e re by b u t she c a nno t c o nt i nu e t o do so h a ndic a pp e d by t h ese ,

il l i be ra l p a t e nt m e th o d s .

I be li e v e I h a v e c onclu sive ly prove d to y ou th a t a n e no rm ous

nu mb e i o f p a te nt s h a v e b e e n g ra nt e d co v e I i ng e v e r y b l a nch o f
d e nt i stry o p e ra t iv e a nd m e ch anic a l Wh a t I s t he sig nific at i o n
,
.

"
o f t he p a t e nt—r igh t s g ra nte d t h e se p a te nte e s Si mply t h a t they
ha v eOb t a i ne d f ro m t he g o v e r m e nt a s I h a v e st at e d t he e x cl ui
‘

‘
, ,
'

siv e r igh t t o p e r f o r m t he se o p e r a t i o ns a nd u se t he m e t h o d s f or

which th e ir p a te nt w a s g ra nte d a nd h a v e the p o w e r to c om pe l

o t h e rs w ho wi sh t o u se t h e m t o pay r oy a l t i e s f o r t he u se t h e r eo f
,
.

N o p r o f e ssi o na l m a n w ho ha s h o no ra bl e i nst i nc ts w o uld c o nsent

to p a y a ro y a l ty to a ny i ndividu a l f o r the sa id r igh t a nd t h e re

fo re wil l no t m a k e u se of t h e se m e t ho d s b e ca u se he do e s no t ,

w i sh to pl a c e him se lf i n b o nd a ge I t i s no thi ng l e ss t h an b o nd
.

a e O r e v e n bl ac km a il ; f o r t h o se w ho b e c o m e lic e nse e s m y
g a
h a ve to S ig n c o ntra c ts wh o se te rm s bi nd t o c e r ta i n a c ts whi ch
, ,

to f ulfill mu st i nd e e d b e a di sg ra c e to a p ro f e ssi o na l m a n
,
If .

\
~

he wi sh e s t o p e rf o rm a c e r t a i n o p e rat i o n f o r a p a t i ent he i s ,

d e b a rre d f ro m do i ng so by a p a te nt p ro te c ti ng a nd c o v eri ng it ; '

he will no t t a k e o u t a lic e nse r ig ht hi s p r id e a nd p r o f e ssi o na l dig

-

nity will no t a ll o w him T he Op e ra t i o n he d e si re s to p e rf o r m m

. ay
b e d e cid e dly su per i o r to the o th e r m e th o d s i n v o gu e o r i nd e e d the
i
,

I f his patie nt a sk s hi mto p e r

i

o nl y o ne a pplic a bl e t o t he c a se
? “

.
 SO C IE T IE S . 4 9 1:
1

f o r m i t , hemu st sha k e his he a d g ra v e ly a nd a dvi se a g a i nst it ,

a nd p e rf o r m a l e ss d e s i ra bl e a nd a dv a nta g e o u s o ne s i m ply b e ,
.

c a u se the o th e r o p e ra t i o n i s c o ntro ll ed by a p a te nt and a l so b e ,

c a u se t he c o d e o f e th ic s of t he m e d ic a l p rof e ssio n o f which w e '

a re a p a rt p re sc r ib e s t h a t w e mu st a b ho r p a te nt m e d ici ne s a nd
,

m e th o d s A nd w ho mu st suff e r ? T he p o or p ati e nt u nf ortu na te ly

.
,
.

w e ca nno t figh t th e se i ndividu a l p a t e nte e s al o ne f or th e y ,

a re b a n d e d to g e th e r i n a c o mp a ny o r c o m p a ni e s w ho h a v e se
cu re d Co ntro l of num e ro u s p a te nts T he I nte r nat i o na l T o o t h
‘
'

C ro w n C o mp a ny i s o u r chi e f a dv e rsary a nd t he o ne W h o m w e
.

,
"

f e ar m o st Th e y h a v e by pu r c ha se se cu r e d c o ntro l o f a b o u t
.

t hi rty p a t e nt s up o n which t h e y e xp e c t t o c o ll e c t r o y a l ti e s
“

.
,

Am o ng its p a te nts o n b ri dg e d entu re s it co ntrol s the L o w

_

'

R i chm ond a nd Sh e ffi e ld b ridge s I t ha s p a te nts on b oth .

m o v a bl e a nd p e rm ane nt b r idge w o r k a nd p r ac t ica lly t h e y ,

de a v o r to l ay cl a i m t o a l l m eth o d s o f b r idg e w o r k by r e a so n o f
'

t h e se p a te nt s
I t c o ntro l s such to o t h c ro w n p a te nts a s the B e e r s Bi tne r S he f , ,

fi e ld a nd R ichm o nd c ro w ns ; b a nd e d a nd no n b a nde d c ro w ns -

c ro w ns se cu re d wi th s c re w s a nd wi tho u t A p ate nt o n c ro w ns
,
.

se cu r e d by c e m e nt a nd a l so by gu tta p er c ha
,
P a te nts f o r p re
-

p a r i ng ro o ts f or t o o th c ro w ns cu tt i ng o f the r o o t filli ng the

, ,

e nd o f th e ro o t 0 11 t a ki ng imp r e ssi ons Pa te nt o n g e tti ng a r tic .

- o

ul a ti ng m o d e l s o n t r i a l pl a te s a nd se v e ra l o th e r s
,
Thi s c o mp a ny .

has sui ts i n B a l t i m o re sui ts i n Mil w a uk e e a nd o th e r s i n C o nne c

, ,

t i e nt a nd N e w Y or k p e ndi ng a g a i nst d e nt i sts f or i nf r i ng e m e nt o f

,

p a tents Re a liz e t he i mm e nse p o w e r th i s c o mp a ny ha s to b a r

.

ra ss i ndividu a l d e nt i sts a nd f o r c e m o ne y f ro m t h e m f o r
,
lic e nse .

r igh ts !

I f the sui t which i s b e i ng c o nte ste d inthe S upre me C o nirt is de ,

cid e d i n the ir f a v o r c o nfe rr i ng c e rta i n o f th e i r p a te nts o n c ro w ns

'

, ,

thi s c o mp a ny ha s the m e a ns a nd p o w e r to bi nd a lm o st e v e r y
m emb e r o f t he p ro fe ssi o n a nd co mp el th e m to pay a lic e nse f e e
f o r so m e o ne of th e i r p a te nt s The y a re still a cqui r i ng c o ntrol
.

o r e nd e a v o ri ng t o o b t a i n a ny d e nta l p a te nt o f imp o r ta nc e i .

C o nte mpl a te t he o u t ra g e th a t w e m ay b e c o mp e ll e d to submi t to '

i n t he futu re whic h l e g a lly ma y b e c o r re t t th o ugh l

, ,
. 2

d o u b t/i t y e t mo ra lly c o n
, sid e ri ng o ur high p ro f e ss i o na l s ta nd i ng
,
4 92 TH E A R C H I V E S OF DEN T I S TR Y .

a nd theg re a t b e ne fi t w e h a v e w ro ugh t f o r suffe ri ng hum a nity i s ,

a di sg ra ce a nd w ro ng th a t mu st b e e ra dic a t e d !

I a m gratifie d a nd e l a te d to k no w th at o ur l a ud a bl e co nse rv a
t or, T he D e nt a l P ro te c t iv e A sso c i a t i o n o f the Uni te d S tate s ,

ha s m e t w i t h mu c h succ e ss i n t he i r p ra i se w or thy e ff o rt s t o pro

t e e t o ur pr o f essi o n by co nte st i ng i n a l a wful m a nner the p a te nt s
,

o f t hi s a nd o t h e r co mp a ni e s wh ere t h e i r v a lidi t y has no t b e e n

e sta bli sh e d I t i s cl a i m e d t h a t t he m a j or i t y o f p a t e nts he ld b y

.

t hi s c o m p a ny a re w or thl e ss and if p ro p er ly co nte ste d in the

,

c o u rts w o uld b e so p ro v e n T he P ro te ct iv e A sso ci ati o n cl a im s

.

t o ha v e se cu re d such e vid e nc e t o d e fe a t t h e se p a te nt s a nd ca n ,

d e f e nd a ny o ne m e mb e r si ngl e d o u t by t h is c o m p any f o r p ros

e cu t i on Th o ugh the o bj e c t of my p a p e r i s not to l a ud the P ro
.

t e c t i v e A ssoc i a t i o n st ill I c a nno t b ut re f e r wi t h p r id e t o a n asso

,

c i a t io n wh ose w o r thy Obj e c t i s to d e fe nd u s f ro m i mp o si t i o n a nd

p e cu ni a ry e x to rti on by co mp a ni e s b and e d to ge t h e r to b arrass

,

‘
o ur p r o f e ssi o n simply a s a m one y ma ki ng sch e m e a nd no th
i ng fu rth e r O ur sa lv a t i o n f o r the p re se nt d e p e nd s up on the
.

Prote ct iv e A sso ci at i o n; no d e nti st can w e l l a ffo r d the tim e and

,

m o ne y to se cu re the e vid e nc e ne c e ssary to d e f e a t the p ate nt s O f

t h e se c o mp a ni es i n c o u rt t h e r e f o re co nc e r t e d a c t i o n i s a ne c e s
si t
y . T h e P r o t e c t iv e A sso ci a t i o n a s y o u w e ll k
,
n o w i s c o m p ose d
,

of m o st of t he p ro mi ne nt m e mb e r s o f o u r p r o f e ssi o n a nd i s o r ,

W ill b e fi nancial l y a nd l ega lly p re p are d to c onte st t he cl aim s of

t he se c o m pa nie s .

H w e v e r g e ntl e m e n w e m u st f a c e the f utu r e T he P rote c

o , ,
.

t iv e A sso ci a ti o n m ay b e a bl e to mi t ig a te the p r e se nt e vil s b u t ,

c a n i t c o p e wi t h t h ose t h a t t h r e a te n u s a nd if no t c h e ck e d will
,

s u r e ly o v e r wh e lm u s i n t he fu tu re ? Pa u se a nd consid er wh a t
o ur p o si t i o n will b e i n t he fu t u re if w e c o nt i nu e to a ll o w such
,

m e th od s U ne nvi a bl e as i t i s a t p re se nt in the fu ture i t w ill b e ,

i nsuffe ra bl e .

I t i s f o r u S t o re m e dv t hi s T he b a t t l e i s a nd m u st b e o u rs
. .

I f the m e mb e rs of the p rofe ssi o n will no t figh t f o r th e mse l v es

t o e r a dic a te a n e vil which e v e n a l ay m a n m u st a d m i t w il l b e
-

d isa stro u s to u s in the future t h ey c e rta i nly c a nnot e xp e ct t he se

,
-
x

s a m e l a y m e n to u nd er t a k e t h e i r b a t tl e f o r t h e m
-
.

W e m ay r a v e a nd m a k e a t i ra d e a ga i nst the a b oli sh me nt of

 SO C IE T IE S . 4 93

t hi s illib e ra l p a te nt sy ste m b u t I re a liz e th a t w e will ne v e r su e

,
s

ce e d i ne l i m ina t in
g a ny p o rt i o n o f i t u nl e ss w e ta k e m o re co n ,
~

se r v a ti v e g ro u nd s thu s e nli sti ng the symp a thi e s o f t he m a j o r i ty

o f t he p ro f e ssi o n W e will a lw a y s h a v e so m e di sse nte rs w h a t
.
,
~

e v e r o u r p o si t i o n m a b
y e .

T he p a te nti ng o f i nst rum e nts a ppli a nc e s d e vic e s e t c i s a , , ,

.
,

m e re m ol e hil l co mp a re d wi t h the e vil o f ta ki ng o u t p a te nts o n

-

Op e ra ti o ns m e th o ds a nd p ro c e sse s o f Op e ra t i ng D o no t t hi nk
, .

t ha t I a m pl a ci ng my se lf 0 11 r e c o r d i n f a v or o f p a te nts o n the i n
st ru m e nt s a pp ara t u s a ppli a nc e s a nd d e vi c e s u se d i n o u r p r ote s
, ,

si o u a l w o r k b ut o n the c o ntra ry I wi sh w e c o uld a b o li sh t h e se

—
,

m e t h o d s h o w e v e r a t t he p re se nt t im e t h e re is no h o p e o r po s
,

si b il i t o f t h a t b e i ng d o ne t h e r e f o r e I a m f or c e d t o ta k e a co n
y
se r v a t i v e p osi t i o n F u rth e rm ore in supp o rt of my o pi ni o ns
.
, .

f ro m p e rso na l e xp e r i e nc e I k no w th a t e xp e r i m e nta l w o rk the ,

c o nstr uc ti on a nd p e rf e c t i o n o f i nstr um e nts a ppli a nc e s a nd de ,

vic e s re qui re a n o u tl a y o f m o ne y t ha t t he a v e ra ge d e nta l e x pe ri

,

m e nte r can il l a ffo r d a nd t h e re fore th e y a re f o rc e d t o se e k so m e

,

c o mp e nsati on ; and t h a t t h e y can o nly d e r iv e f ro m t h e i r p a te nt

I f the p rofessi o n ca n sugge st a nd a d op t a ny m eans o f re co mpe n
si ng the i nv e nt o r I thi nk t he p ro bl e m w o uld b e so lv e d
,
L e ga lly .

y o u c a n n e v e r d e p r iv e t h e m o f t h a t r igh t A g a i n I c a n sa f e l v .
,

sa
y
,
t h a t e xc e p t i ng t he i nv e nt o r o f t he m e t h o d o f vulc a nizi ng

r ubb e r ,
I d oub t if a ny d e nta l i nv e ntor has re a liz e d much m o ney
”
.

o r in fa c t a n f ro m hi s i nv e nt i o ns h a vi ng sp e nt a l l he re c e iv e d
y , ,

f o r t h e m o r m o st o f i t i n p re vi o u s a nd sub se qu e nt e xpe ri m e n
, ,

t ati on . I t i s t he m a nuf a c tu re r of t he i nstrum e nts d e vi c e s e tc , ,

w ho re c e i v e s the p ro fi t t h e re f ro m b u t no m o re I j udg e th a n i n , ,

an
y o t h e r succ e ssful m a nuf a c t u ri ng o r r e ta il b u si ne ss Th e y .

a r e o ur c o mm e r ci a l a g e nt s a nd if t h e y d e a l f a i rly by u s w e , ,

s h o uld a t l e ast re cip ro c a te a nd do the sa m e wi t h th e m So m e .

mi nd no d o ubt will c onc e ive t he qu e sti o n why sh o uld w e c o u n ,

t e na nce o ne cl a ss o f i nv e nto rs a nd wi sh to di sc r imi na te a g a i nst

t he o th e r s ? I s i t j u st ? M o st a ssu re dly
”
T he m a n w ho pa t .

e nts o e a t io ns a nd m e th o d s o f o p e ra t i ng di sg ra c e s his p ro
'

p ,

f e ssio n a nd bi nd s his p ro fe ss i o na l b re t h re n by pl a ci ng o u t o f
\

t h e i r re a c h his i nv e nti o n which m a y b e so m e e xc e ll e nt Op e ra

,

t i o n o r m e th o d o f p e rf o rmi ng t he sa m e b e c a u se t h e i r p ro f e s ,
 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN T I S TR Y .

si o na l i nsti nct s ic s will no t a ll o w t h e m t o p ay a r oy a l ty

a nd e th

o r t a k e o u t a l ice nse r igh t O n t he o ther h a nd wh il e w e do no t

-

.
,

e nco u ra e i nv e nt o rs t o t a k e o ut p a t e nt s o n i nst r u m e nt s still w e

' '
'

.
g ,

mu st fe e l t h at the ci r cum sta nc e s a re diffe re nt the o ne b e i ng a

di re c t imp osi t i o n o n ou r p rof e ssi o na l rights and lib e r ti e s whil e ‘

the l a tt e r d o e s no t di re c tly i nj u re u s b ut w e mu st sub m i t t o i t ,

b e c a u se i n a m e a sur e i t i s a ne c e ssi ty t h a t w e c a nno t p o ssibly

o v e r c o m e a t p r e se nt T he d e nt i sts w ho h a v e ta k e n o u t p a te nt s
.

o n i nstr um e nt s I k no w are o pp o se d to t he m e t h o d s o f p a t e nt i ng

o p e ra t i o ns a nd I f e e l a ssu re d t h a t t h e y will l e nd t h e i r supp o r t

,
.

t o supp re ss t h at cl a ss of i nv e nt i o ns O f c ourse th o se w ho h a ve
.
,

t a k e n o ut t h e se p a te nts o n Op e r a t i o ns will o f a ne c e ssi ty t a k e a n

o pp o si te Vi e w a s o u r at ta c k will b e di re c t e d t o t h e m
,
Th e y .

m ay r ea liz e t he i nj u ry t h e i r m e th o d s o f p a t e nt i ng h a v e d o ne the
p ro fe ssi o n a nd the fu tu re h ar m th a t m u st a ccru e t h e re f ro m
,

-
r e l e nt c o m e i nt o t he f o ld a nd a id u s i n o u r p re se nt figh t
,
If w e
S upp r e ss t h e se m e t h o d s w e h a v e a cc o mpli sh e d o u r m o st imp o r
,

t a nt p o i nt a nd i nd e e d w e mu st a cc o m pli sh t h a t We m u st b e .

f re e a s the m e dic a l p ro f e ssi o n a t libe r ty to p e r form a ny o p e ra

,

t i o n w e m ay d e si re a nd no t b e h a ndic a pp e d by o ur i na bili t y t o
,

p ro p e r ly tre a t o u r p a tie nts by re a so n o f e xi st i ng p at e nts a ct i ng

j
a s a n i n ue ti o n .

B u t ho w to f re e o u rse lv e s f ro m th i s imp e ndi ng d a ng e r a nd

b o nd a ge i s a qu e stio n th at has puzzl e d m a ny b ra i ns A fte r .

t h o ro ughly studyi ng a nd i nv e st ig a t i ng e v e ry c o nc e i v a bl e pl a n ,

I a m c o nvi nc e d th at pr oh ibi to ry l e gi sl at i o n a l one is the , ,

r e m e dy Th a t C o ngr e ss mu st re d re ss o ur w rongs by the pa s

.

sa g e o f a sp e ci a l e na c t m e nt a n a m e ndm e nt t o the P a te nt L a w s
, ,

p ro hi bi t i ng the gra nti ng of p ate nts f or d e nta l o p e r ati ons U p o n .

c onsul tat i on wi t h e mi nent l e g a l ta l e nt thi s m e th o d f or ou r re li e f

,

p ro p o se d by m e w as d e cla r e d to b e the r igh t o ne a nd i nd e e d ,

t he o nly o ne a v a il a bl e .

Pr im a r ily w e mu st as I h a v e sa id e nli st the m aj or ity of the

, , ,
'

p r ofe ssi o n i n t he m o v e m e nt f or o ur p ro te c t i o n U na nimi ty a nd .

e nt hu si a m mu st ch ara c t e r iz e o u r w o r k s o t h e r w i se w e will su re ly

f a il W e mu st b e i n a cc o rd th a t the o ne o bj e ct to b e a e co m
.

l i she d i s a ne c e ss i ty f o r o ur w e lf a re i e t h e m a j o r i ty o f t he
p ,
. .
,

d e nt i st s mu st b e a gre e d t ha t no p a te nt sho ul d b e g ra nt e d f or '

'
 SO C I E T I E S . 4 95

an
y o p e ra t i o n o r m e th o d o f o p e ra ti o ns p e rf o r m e d i n t he m o u th ,

wha tsoe v e r it s na t u re o r f o r Op e ra t i o ns p e rfo r m e d o u t o f the

,

m o u th a nd t h e n i nse rte d in t he m o u th e i th e r a s te mp o rary o r ,

p e rm a ne nt o p e r a ti o ns N o p a te nt up o n a ny sub se qu e nt c ro w n
.

o r b r idg e w o r k p r o c e sse s d e vic e s f or r e gul a t i ng t he t e e th ne w

. ,

m e th o d s o f a rtifici a l d e nt u re s t h e i r m o d e o r p ro c e sse s o f m aki ng

, .

I n fi ne no p a t e nt whi ch will a ll o w the i nv e nto r to ch a rg e a f e e

,

f o r the lic e nse to p e rfo r m t he p a r ticul ar o p e ra ti on f o r which the

p ate nt w a s gra nte d .
”

We ca n e a sily o bt a i n t he se nt im e nt o f the p r o f e ssi o n on th a t

p oi nt S o m e i nflu e nt i a l d e nta l so ci e ty mu st u nd e r ta k e the figh t
.

a nd t he o th e r so ci e ti e s w ill su r e ly l e nd t h e i r a id I a pp e a l to y o u .
,

g e ntl e m e n o f T he C e ntra l D e nt a l A sso ci a ti o n o f N orth e rn N e w

“

Je rse y t o u nd e rt a k e thi s figh t f o r y o u r p ro f e ssi o n Y o u wi l l

”
,
.

ne v e r h a v e c a u se t o re g re t y o u r a c t i o n if y o u l e a d the p r o fe ssi o n
i n t h e i r str uggl e to e m a ncip a t e t h e m se lv e s f r o m t h e se o di o u s
“
Op e ra ti o n p a t e nt m e th o d s
.
-

T he t i m e i s r ip e
.
”
T he h o u r has .

c om e f o r a ct i o n i t c a nno t b e d e l ay e d fu rth e r C e rta i n p a t e nt s .

m a y b e d e ci d e d a g a i nst u s i n c o u r t Thi s l a st stra w m ay b r e a k

.

o u r b a ck s w e t h e n will l a ck the Vi ta li ty a nd c o u ra ge t o m a k e
t he figh t .

I f yo u d e cide to u nde rtak e the figh t I h a v e the pl ans of ,

a c t i o n p ra c ti c a l i nf orm a t i o n a nd d e ta il s to e na bl e us t o c o m
,

m e nc e a t o nc e .

O ur Bill sh o uld be i ntro duc e d if p ossibl e du ri ng the

“ ”
, ,

p re se nt se ssi o n o f C o ng re ss b ut p o si t iv e ly mu st not b e d e l ay e d
l ate r th a n t he ne x t se ssi o n Wh a te v e r i s d o ne mu st b e d o ne
.
,
.

qui ckly Y o u sh o uld se nd a ci rcul a r t o e v e ry d e nta l so ci e ty

.
,

fully e xpl a i ni ng t he o bj e c t o f t he m o v e m e nt t he m e th o d s pro ,

p ose d f or ou r r e li e f a nd so m e o f the p ra c t ic a l d e ta il s B e se e ch
, .

o f t h e m a t the i r fi rst r e gul a r o r sp e ci a l m e e t i ng t o p r e se nt y o ur

p e ti ti o n to t he m e mb e rs o f t h e i r so ci e ty a nd h a v e th e m v o ic e ,

t h e i r se ntim e nt s i n the m a tte r a nd p a ss r e so lu t i o ns e nd o rs i ng

y o u r w o rthy e ff o rts f o r the w e lfa re o f t he p ro f e ssi o n .

N o re pu ta bl e d e nta l so ci e tv will re fu se t o a id y o u b o th m o ra l l v ,

a nd fi na nci a lly I t is t he i r o w n sa lv a ti o n t he y se e k
. H ave .

t he s e so ci e ti e s s e nd y o u th e se re so lu ti o ns E mb o dy th e m in ’

o ne re so lu t i o n wi t h the s ig na tu re o f t he s o ci e t i e s a tt a ch e d
s a nd ,
4 96 TH E A R C HIVE S OF DEN T I S TR Y .

yo u wi l l h a v e the u niv e r sa l se ntim e nts of the d e nta l so ci et ie s

a nd the b o dy o f the p ro f e ssi o n Y o u c a nno t t a k e a c ti o n i n the '
.

m atte r u nl e ss t hi s i s a cc o mpli sh e d ; a s no o ne se t f a cti o n or ,

so ci e ty i n a p r o f e ssi o n c a n h o p e t o o b ta i n a l e i sl a t iv e e na c t
g
m e nt o f t he ki nd p ro p o se d u nl e ss th e y re p re se nt the u niv e rsa l
,

e xp re ssi o n o f t h e p r o f e ssi o n i n t he m a tte r G a i n the i nte re st

.

a nd a id of the i nflu e nt i a l m e mb e rs of o ur p ro f e ssi o n a nd the

c o ll e g e f a c ul t i e s T he l e g a l r igh ts th e i r dipl om a s g ra nt u s a re
.

di re ctly a tta ck e d a nd se t a sid e by th e se p a tent m e th o d s S Ome .

o f t h e se o p e ra t i o ns ar e t a ugh t i n t he sch oo l s a nd i t a l w ay s ha s
'

b e e n pr e sum e d and a l so d e cid e d i n c o u r t i n b o th m e dici ne a nd

, ,

d e nti stry t h a t th e y h a v e the l e ga l r igh t to p ra c tic e a ny a nd al l

,

o p e ra t i o ns ta ugh t i n t h e i r sch o o l s o r a dv o c a t e d by t he pro f e s

,

si o n . Wh e the r p atents h a v e a p r i or l e g a l r igh t i s a v e x e d qu e s ,

t i o n t h a t o ur fi g h t will a l so d e cid e M e t h o d s o f a ct ion will

.

d o u bt l e ss sugge st t h e m se lv e s wh e nyo u u nd e rtak e the m o v e m ent .

h e fi na nc i a l a id t o p r ose cu t e t he pl a n o f a c t i o n will e asil y b e

T
o b ta i ne d a nd sub sc r ib e d by the so ci e t i e s a nd i ndividu a l m e m

b e rs Th e y mu st re c o gniz e the p e ril t h at t h re ate ns the m a nd

.
, ,

r e m e mb e r t he a d a e milli o ns f o r d e f e nc e b not on e c e nt
“
g ,
u t ,

f o r t r ibu te .

I f yo u do not thi nk w e h a v e a re a so nabl e ch a nce of succ ess .

li ste n a nd l ea r n t he c o mp o site o pi ni o n o f c o ngre ssm e n and p romi

ne nt p a te nt a t to r ne y s viz ,
A bill ca n b e i ntro duc e d in C o n
.

g re ss d e cl a r i ng d e nt a l o p e ra ti o ns u np a te nta bl e wi t h a r e asonabl e ,

ch a nc e o f succ e ss A ci ta t i o n of a n asso ci a t i on c ontro lli ng a

.

numb e r o f p a te nts c o uld b e u se d to a dv a nta g e i n se cu r i ng l e gi s

l a t i o n I f a sy ndic a te c o ntrol s a numb e r o f d e nta l o p e ra t i ons
.

a nd p r o c esse s w hich no d e nt i st c a n u se wi t h o u t a lic e nse di re ct

f ro m the p a te nte e th e n l e gi sl a t i o n o ugh t a nd w o uld de p r iv e

,

t h e m O f t hi s r igh t b ut no l e gi sl a t i o n c o uld p ro hibi t a man

f ro m p ate nt i ng so m e th i ng no v e l i n the w ay of i nstrum e nts f or
p e rfor mi ng the se o p e ra t i o ns We mu st p ro v e t h a t p a te nts h av e
.

b e e n gra nte d f o r o pe ra t i o ns th a t d e p r ive u s o f our pro f e ssi onal

r igh t s . Of co u rse I canno t p ro mi se p o si tiv e succe ss
,
.

Y o u h a v e li ste ne d to my argum e nts a nd o pi ni o ns t h ose of the ,

c o ngre ssm e n a nd l e ga l a u th or i t i e s : j udg e t h e n wh e th er I t ak e

a p r o p e r st a nd a nd wh a t a re o ur ch a nc e s
,
I f w e do not o b tai n
.
 SO C IE T IE S . 4 97

e nt re si ucc e ss y o u m a y d e p e nd th a t C o ng re ss will re c o g niz e ou r

,

r i hts a nd w ro ng s a nd giv e u s s o m e m e a su r e o f re li e f th a t
g , ,

e qu a l r ig hts b e e qu a lly e nj o y e d by the m e mb e rs o f the d e nt l a

pro f e ssm n .

M E T HO DS OF C A PP I N G E XP O S E D P ULPS .

B Y E D W IN C B LAI S D ELL . P OR T S M OU T H N H , ,
. .

T he c a ppi ng O f e xp o se d pulp s wi l l p r o b a bly e xc e e d a l l o the r

O p ra t i o ns i n d e nt i t r y i n p e r c e nt a g e o f f a ilu re s
e s .

By t he t e r m e xp o se d pulp I m e a n the se sta g e s e xt e ndi ng ,

f ro m a pulp th a t i s c ov e re d by a l ay e r o f de ca l cifi e d d e nti ne a l ,

l o wi ng t he fluid s o f the o r a l c a vi ty to b e a b sor b e d a nd co m e in

c o nta ct wi th t he pulp t o wh e re t he pulp i s i n a c tu a l c o nta c t w i th
,

t he a ir .

Hvi ng t ri e d f o r a f e w y e ars m e t h o d s t h a t did not yi e ld so

a ,
?

high a p e r c e nta g e o f succ e ss as I th o ugh t sh o uld b e ob ta i ne d I ,

d re w up the f o ll o wi ng qu e st i ons
l st D o y o u b e li e v e i n c a ppi ng e xp o se d pulp s ?
.
—

2d I f so wh a t e x te nt o f e xp o s u re d o y o u c a p
.
—
,

3d D O y o u c a p wh e n the re has be e n p a i n t he re sul t o f d e e p

.
—

c ar i e s or e xp o su re o f the pulp
,
2
'

4 th D o y ou ca p wh e n t h e re i s a sligh t h e m o rrh a g e 0 11 e x
‘

— .
.

o s u re o f the pulp ?
p
5 th D o you ca p wh e n t h e re i s a sligh t di sch a rg e o f pus f ro m
.
—

t he p o i nt o f e xp o su re
6 th D o y o u c a p o n e x p o su re o f l o ng sta ndi ng ?
.
—

7th H a v e yo u u se d ste riliz e d spo nge in c a ppi ng ?

.

8th Y o u r Opi ni o n of it ?
.
—

9th Wh a t do yo u d o wh e n v o u d e e m i t b e st no t to ca p ?
.
—

l 0th D e scr ib e a s c o nci se ly a s p o ssibl e y o u r m e th o d o f

.
—
, ,

tre a t m e nt c a ppi ng a nd filli ng u se d

, ,
.

Th e se qu e sti o ns w e re e ncl o se d in a sta mp e d e nv e l o p e wi th a ,

sh o r t p e rso na l l e tte r a nd m a il e d t o o v e r t w o hu nd re d d e nti sts i n t he

,

U ni te d S ta te s ; pu rpo sely o mi tti ng se ndi ng the l e tte rs to m e m

b e rs o f thi s so ci e ty h o pi ng to ha v e th e i r m e th od s b ro ugh t o ut in
,

di scu ssi o n .

R*
d b f
ea H v d O d nt l g i l S c i t y M y 28t h 1800
e o re ar ar o o o ca o e , a , .
4 98 TH E AR C H I VE S OF DEN TI S TR Y .

T o th e se l e tte rs t h e re has b e e n a b o u t e igh ty re pli e s .

I will try to giv e th e m in bulk a s fo ll o w s ,

T o t he qu e st i o n D o y o u b e li e v e i n c a ppi ng e xp o sed pulp s ?

,

1 3 w e re d e cid e dly ne g a t iv e N o t a s a r ul e ”
5 Y e s i n so m e , ,

c a se s 20 ,
”
Y es ”
35 I n y o u ng p e rso ns o nly
“
,
”
2 “
,
.

T o the qu e st i o n T o wh a t e x t e nt of e xp o su r e do y o u c a p ?
,
”

t h ere w ere v a r i o u s a nsw e rs V e ry sm a ll 1 3 A ny e x te nt

”
,

wh e re t h e r e i s he a l th 2 3 ”
H e al th a nd e x te nt no i nflu enc e 5
,
”
,
“
A ccide nts o nly 7 Fre shly e xp o se d 4 ; E v ery thi ng u ntil
” “ ” “

N e v e r a f te r i nfl a m m
, ,

the t o o t h i s m a t u re d ati o n
” “ ”
1 ; ,
1 ; no ,

a nsw e rs 1 1 ,
.

D o y o u cap wh e nthe r e has b e e n p a i n t he r e sul t o f d e e p c ar i e s ,

o r e xp o su r e o f the pulp ? Y e s a f te r se d a t iv e tre a t

”
N o 30 ,
“
,

m e nt 1 1 ; S o m e tim e s 1 4 ; Y e s 1 7
”
,
“
Re ce nt dura ti on ,
” “
,
”
,
“
,

3 Y e s a nd no d e p e nd s up o n i ndic a t i ons 2 , ,
”
.

D o y ou ca p wh e n t h e r e i s a sligh t h e m o r rh a g e o n e xp o su re o f
t he pu l p ? S o m e tim e s d e p e ndi ng up on c o ndi ti o n
”
Y es 4 1 : “
,
“
,

o f pulp a nd p a t i e nt
’
”
13 N o 11 A ccide ntal a nd no i n
, ,
”
,
'

fla mm a ti o n 3 V e ry sligh t a nd c ondi t i o ns fa v or a bl e
,
“
3 , ,
”

S e ld o m 3 ”
,
.

D o y o u ca p w h e n t h e re i s a sligh t di schar g e of pu s f ro m p o i nt
o f e xp osu re ? N o 63 Wh e n he a l th i s re sto re d 5
,
”
S ome ,
”

t im e s ,
4 ;
”
Y es 2 E x t i rp ate 1 ”
,
”
, .

D o y o u c a p o n e x p o su re o f l o ng st a ndi ng ?
”
N o 41 N ot ,

g e ne rally 1 3 Wh e n h e al th ha s b e e n re sto re d 8
,
” “
So m e ,
”

t im e s Tim e i mm a te ri a l 2
” ” ”
5 ;,
Y es 6 “
,
“
, .

H a ve y ou u se d ste riliz e d sp onge f or c appi ng ? N o ,

”
Y e s, 4 .

Y u o pi ni o n o f
r o N o o pi ni o n 39 N o t f a v o ra bl e 1 4
it ? ,
”

Fv
a o r a bl e
”
5 C o nte mp t 2 ,
N e v e r h e a r d of i t 1 A S ,
”
,
” “

g o o d a s mud 1 ,
”
.

What do y ou do wh e n y o u d e e m i t b e st no t t o cap ? D e vi ta l “

iz e.
"
54 E x ti rp ate 8 D e vi taliz e o r e x ti rp ate 3 ,
”
,
”
.

T o t he r e qu est o f a d e sc r ip t i o n a s c o nci se l y a s p o ssibl e o f , ,

m e tho d s of tre a tm e nt c a ppi ng a nd filli ng u se d I re c e iv e d so m e , ,

thi r ty fi v e diff e r e nt m e t h o d s w h ich I ha v e c o nd e nse d a s much a s

-

p o ssibl e I n givi ng the se m e th o d s the r ubb e r d am is supp o se d

.

t o b e i n pl a c e t he c a vi ty th o r o ughl y d ri e d a nd d é b r i s r e m o v e d
,
.

T hey a r e a s fo l l o w s
 SO C IE T IE S . 4 99

l st — T hi n c o rk dipp e d in c o p a l e th e r o r C a na d a b a l sa m a nd
.
,

t he n c o v e re d wi th o xyph o sph a te ha s t w o f o ll o w e rs ,
.

2d . \V a sh t he c a vi ty wi t h c ar b o lic a cid d ry th e n u se r e si n
~ —
, ,

v ar ni sh a nd fill wi th so f t c e m e nt T w o f o ll o w e rs
,
. .

3d . T o uch t he p o i nt o f e xp o su re wi th chl orid e o f zi nc t w o o r

~ —

t hre e t im e s a nd fill with so f t o xyph o sph a te 1

,
. .

4 th U se a nti se p ti c t re a t m e nt dry a nd c o v e r e xp o su re wi th
.
—
, ,

gu tta p e r ch a softe ne d in e uc a lyp tu s o il o r w i th a p aste forme d

—
,

o f o xid e o f zi nc a nd c ar b o li c a cid a nd c o v e re d wi t h o x pho s

y ,

ph ate 1 .

5 th Di sk of quill w a sh e d in a w e a k so l uti o n o f c arb olic a cid

.
—
,

o v e r w hich i s fl o w e d t hi n ox yph o sph a t e 1 . .

6th M e ta lli c di sk with o xychl o rid e or gutt a p e r ch a f or a fi l l

.
— -

i ng re p o r te d by se v e n d e nt i sts
,
.

7th D re ss wi t h car b o lic a cid a nd fill wi th o xyph o sph ate the

.
—
,

t hick ne ss o f c re a m r e p o r te d by f o u r d e nt i st s
,
.

8th Wip e o ut c a vi ty wi th c re o sote ca p wi th film o f chl o ro

—
,

p e r cha a nd fill wi th o xychl orid e o r o xyph o sph a te 1

, . .

9th W a sh wi th solu ti o n o f bichl o r id e o f m e r cu ry 1 to 1 000

.
—
, ,

c o v e r wi th sa nda ra c v ar ni sh dry and th e n c o v e r with v e ry thi n

, ,

o xyph osph a te a nd a ll o w t o se t ; t h e n fill wi th o x y ph o sph a t e ,

r e gu l a r c o nsi st e ncy .1 .

fl Oth D re ss wi th sug a r of l e a d a nd w a te r th e n pl a c e o v e r
.
-

t he pu l p a v e ry sm a ll pi e c e o f ste r iliz e d sp o ng e sa tu ra te d wi th ,

t he sa m e so lu t i o n a nd c o v e re d wi th o xychl o rid e o r o xy pho s

,

p ha te 1 . .

1 1 th S o m e hyd ro c ar b o n gum a f te r wh i ch fill wi th oxypho s

.
—
,

p ha t c . 1 .

1 2t h— Fi
l ay e r of p a ste o f c arb oli c a cid a nd o xid e o f zi nc
rst,

se c o nd l a y e r of o xid e ; t hi r d l ay e r o f o xyph o sph a t e

,
1 ,
. .

1 3 th O xy sulph a te of zi nc co v e re d wi th a ga te c e m e nt 1
.
-

. .

1 4 th Asb e st os p a p e r pl a c e d o v e r e xp o su re a nd co ve re d w i th
,
—

o x ph o sph a te 4
y . .

1 5 th P a ste o f o xid e o f zi nc a nd c a rb o lic a cid a nd c o ve re d

—
,

w i th o xyp ho spha te 1 .

10 Di s i nf e c t th o ro ughly d ry th e n u se c o p a l v a rni sh a nd
.
—
.

flo w o v e r the pulp zi nc sulp ha te a nd v e ry t hi n o x y p ho sph a te 1 . .

l 7l b C o nc a v m e ta l c a p i n c o nne c ti n w i th a nti se p ti c pulp

.
~ —
e o

l .
5 00 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN T I S T RY .

1 8th .
—
O
yph o sp ha te o f zi nc c o nsi ste ncy o f c r e a m 8
x , . .

1 9th D re ssi ng of o il of ca j e pu t ; d ry wi th c o tto n a nd w a rm

—

a lc o h o l pl a c e o v e r the pulp a l ay e r o f gu tta p e r ch a a nd c a j e pu t -

a nd fil l wi t h so ft o xyph o sph a t e 1 . .

20th Pa ste of o xide o f z inc a nd lim e w a te r c o v e re d wi th

— -

o xyph o sph a t e 1 . .

2 1 st D ry c e m e nt p o w d e r c o v e re d wi t h t hi n o xyph osph a te 1
,
—
, . .

22d E qu al p a rts of o xy pho spha te p o wd e r a nd hydronaph

—

th o l a nd mix e d w i t h o xyph o sph a te liquid t o t he t hick ne ss o f

,

c rea m flo w o v e r e xp osu re a nd a ll o w t o se t ; th e n fill wi t h o xv

ph osph at e 1 . .

23d D re ss wi t h c arb oli c a cid c o v e r wi th i o d oform a nd cap

.
-

, ,

wi th t h in p aste o f o xyph o sph ate 1 . .

2 4 th Apply 4 per cent solu ti on of mu ri ate of co c a i ne which

.
-
.
,

will dil a te t he pulp ; c o v e r wi th non i rr i t at i ng pl ast ic a nd fill -

o xyph o sph a te 2 . .

2 5 th M i x W e ston no n i rr i t at i ng c e m e nt i o d o f o r m a nd
.
—
,
-

, ,

e qu a l p a r ts o f o il of cl o v e s a nd cr e o so te to a t hi n p ast e pl a c e
o v e r pulp a nd fil l wi t h o xyph o sph a t e 1 . .

2 6th D ry o xid e of zi nc c o v e re d wi th o xychl or id e 1

.
—
, . .

2 7th C hl oro—p e r ch a pl a c e d o n e xp o su re c o v e re d wi th S il k
.
—
,

c o a t pl aste r m o i ste ne d wi th o il o f cl o v e s and cre o sote e qu a l

, ,

p arts o v er which i s fl o w e d oxyph o sph ate 2

,
. .

2 8th F i rst flow gutta p e rch a and th e n c o v e r w ith oxyphos

.
— -

,
'

ph a te 2 . .

2 9th C o v e r p o i nt of e xp osu re wi t h t h re e thick ne sse s of bib

.
—

nl o u s p a p er sa tu ra te d w i t h c r e osot e t h e n c o v e r e d wi th oxy ,

chl or id e or o xyph o sph ate 1 . .

3oth D r e ss wi th p ero xid e of hyd ro ge n ; fl o o d c a vi ty wi th

.
—

o il o f c assi a a nd pl a c e a sm a ll qu ant i ty of i o d o f orm o n e xp osu r e

,

a nd dry t h e n chl o ro p er ch a a nd fill wi t h o xyph osph a te 1

-

,
. .

3 l st I o doform and glyc e r i ne c overe d wi t h a sb e stos p a p er 1

.
—
, . .

3 2d Chl oro p er ch a ster iliz e d sp o ng e or a sb e stos p ap e r

.
— -

, , ,

i nsid e of gold o r pl a ti nu m di sh th e n c o v er wi th o xyph o sph ate ,

o f zi nc 1 . .

33d O xysulph at e of zi nc and F lagg s solu ti on 1

.
—
’
. .

3 4 th Any thi ng b ut m e ta l to fill cavi ty

.
— .

35 th C o v e r so m e t im e s wi th c otton p a p er c ard b oard pl a

.
—
, ,
-

,
 SO C IE T I E S . 501

t iumu , g o ld or silv e r c a p to a v o id p re ssu re o r c onta c t wi th thi n

,

t i s su e t h e n fill wi th gu tta pc rcha o r b o ne fil l i ng

,
- —
.

. Th e se m e th o d s a re u se d by d e nti sts y o u ng a nd o l d f ro m , ,

M a i ne t o C a lif o rni a a nd f ro m o ne d o i ng li ttl e m o re t h a n a n

,

e x t ra c t i n bu s i ne s s t o o ne pu r sui ng the l a t e st a nd m o st succ e ss

g
ful a nti se p tic tre a t m e nt .

Th e se m e th o d s a re no t so v a ri e d a s o ne migh t supp ose b ut

, ,

t h e y a l l re p o r t t o o f re qu e nt ly o f f a ilu r e s .

T he steriliz e d sp o ng e d e p a r tu re i s t he l a t e st but i t i s t o o so o n ,

to h e ra ld i ts p r a i se s .

I n t w e nty o ne o f the m e th o d s d e sc r ib e d a b o v e o xyph o sph a te

-

o f zi nc c o nsti t u te s t he b ase o f the filli ng A nsw er s fro m fo u r .

d e nti sts cl a i m th a t o xyph o sph ate sh o uld no t b e u se d in a c a ppi ng ,

o n t he g r o u nd t h a t i n tim e i t will d e stro y t he pulp Th e y a l l .

r e c o mm e nd t he u se o f sulph a t e o r zi nc .

I will d e sc ri be one c a se if you will p ardon me Mi ss H .

a e a b o u t t w e nty six c a ll e d o n M ar ch l st 1 889 a nd c o mpl a i ne d

g
-

, , ,

o f p a i n i n t he r ight su p e r i o r fi rst m o l a r T he pulp ha d b e e n .

c a pp e d a nd c a vi ty fill e d a b ou t th re e y e ar s b e fo re ; but du r i ng
i
,

the l ast y e ar t h e re ha d b e e n ne u r a lgic p a i ns o n t h a t sid e o f the

f a c e which S he th o ugh t or igi na te d i n th a t tooth
,
.

‘
T he t oo th w a s S ligh tly se nsi tiv e to th e r m a l ch a nc e s b ut no t ,

to p er cu ssio n T he filli ng w a s re m o v e d a nd a d e p o si t o f se c o nd ary

.

d e nti ne fo u nd u nd e r the c a ppi ng I fill e d the c avi ty a nd a ppli e d .

a c o u nt e r i rr i ta nt t o th e gum
-

I n t w o w e e k s S he a g a i n re tu rne d
.
,

so m e wh a t di sc o u ra g e d a nd a sk e d t o h a v e t he t o o t h e x tra c t e d
, .

T hi s t im e I re m o ve d the te mp o rary filli ng a nd a ppli e d a rse ni o u s

a cid A da y or t w o a f te r w a rd s i n r e m o vi ng the pulp I f o u nd
.
, ,

se v e n pulp sto ne s ; t h re e o f t he l a rg e st I will p a ss ar o u nd A f te r .

d e vi ta lizi ng pulp the p a i n sub sid e d a nd the to o th ha s b e e n in a ,

h e a l thy c o ndi ti o n t o thi s d ay .

Summi ng up the m e th o d s h e re r e p o rte d I v a ry sligh tly wi th ,

t he m a j o r i ty .

1 st D o w e b e l i e v e i n b e li e v e i n c a ppi ng e xp o se d pulp s ? Y e s
.
—
.

2d T o wh a t e x te nt do w e ca p ? O nly wh e n e x p o s u re i s o f
.
—

a ccid e nt a l o r igi n a nd v e ry s m a ll i n siz e

, .

3d Sh a ll w e ca p wh e n th e re ha s b e e n pa i n ; the r e sul t o f
.
—

d e e p c a ri es o r e xp o su re o f the pulp ? N o
, .
5 02 TH E A R C H I VE S OF DE N T I S TR Y

4 th .
—
Sh a ll wh e n th e re i s a slight he m o rrh a ge o n the
we ca p

e xp o su r e o f t he pulp S o me t im e s .

5 th . Sh a ll w e c ap wh e n th e re i s a sligh t di sch ar ge of pus

—

fro m t he p o i nt of e xp osu r e ? N o .

6 th . Sh a l l w e c a p a n e xp o su re o f l o ng standi ng ? N o
—

I do no t wi sh to di sc o ura ge the p ra ct ic e of ca ppi ng an e xp ose d

pulp f or I b e li e v e t h e r e are c ase s wh e r e a pulp i s e xp o se d i n
e xc a v a t i ng t h a t i t m a b e c a pp e d w i t h the assu r a nc e o f suc c e ss
y ,

p ro vid e d t h e re i s no t a nd ne ve r has b e e n a sta te of t h oro ugh

c o ng e st i on .

C o nsid er i ng the p r o g re ss w e h a v e m a d e i n d e vi ta l izi ng the

pulp and filli ng the c a na l s i t m ay b e b e tte r f o r o ur p a ti e nts a nd
,

o u r se lv e s if w e di d no t a tt e mp t t o c a p a pulp t h a t ha s b e e n
,

a c tu a lly e xp ose d by c ar i e s .

I t i s qu e sti o na bl e if a pulp ca n b e r e sto re d to i t s nor m a l co n

di ti o n a fte r onc e h a vi ng se e n d ayligh t th ro ugh the p ro c e ss o f
d e c ay .

C EN T RAL D EN TAL A SS O C IATION OF NORT HERN

NEW JER SEY .

P RO P O E D LEGI LA T IVE M EA URE P RO T E T D EN T I T FRO

I

S S S S TO C S S M

ILLI B ERA P A TEN T M E T HO D L S .

At m ti ng f th C nt l D nt l A ci t i n f N th n
a ee o e e ra e a sso a o o or er

N w J
e y h ld S p t mb 1 5 th 1 890 D W F R hfu
e r se ,
e e e f er , ,
r . . . e ss, o

Phil d lphi
a ed p p nt i t l d
a , rea I llib l P t nt M th d
a a er e e era a e e o s

i n D nt i t y nd t L gi l t iv M
e s r a u t P t c t D nt i t
o e s a e ea s re s o ro e e s s

T here fro m .

T he f a c t w as b ro ug ht o u t cl e a r ly t h a t whil e i nstr um e nts f o r

t he p e rf o r m a nc e o f su r gic a l a nd d e nt a l o p e r a t i o ns m ay b e pa t
e nte d t he o p e r a t i o ns t h e m se lv e s S h o uld ne v e r b e p a t e nt e d
,
T he .

p ra c t i c e o f t he g o v e rnm e nt ha s b e e n to gra nt p a te nts f o r a ny

‘

a nd e v e ry t hi ng a s ha s b e e n sh o w n by p a t e nt s f o r the Cu tt i ng “
,

O ff a T o o t h
”
T he R e m o v a l o f T o ot h Pulp
,
”
T he Fi tt i ng of a ,
“

B a nd o r Fe r rul e to the e nd o f a T o ot h e tc a nd i t w as d e e m e d ,
”
.
,

high t im e th at t hi s p r a c tic e be sto pp e d a nd to t hi s e nd a co m ,

'
mitte e w a s a pp o i nte d to br i ng the m a tt e r b e for e t he p ro fe ssi o n ,

a nd ask t h e i r h e a r ty a pp ro v a l a nd co o p e r a t i o n -

.
 SO C I E TI E S . 5 1)3

A bil l h ‘

b e e n f ra m e d a nd i s he re wi th su b mi tte d a nd i t is
as ,

h o p e d by o ur u ni te d e florts i t m a y b e c o m e a l a w a nd thu s f o r
'

ever u t a sto p to t he p e tt y a nnoy a nc e s t he m e m b e rs o f the pr o

p
f e ssi o n a rc now c o nstantly subj e c te d to .

K i ndly h av e y o u r So ci e ty giv e its a pp ro va l a nd a pp o i nt th re e

o f i ts m e mb e rs w ho sh a ll b e m e m b e rs o f t he g e ne ra l c o m m i tte e
, ,

a nd i t w ill b e w e ll t o ha v e a s l a rg e a numb e r a s p o ssibl e o f t he

m e mb e r s a nd o th e r d e nti sts i n y o u r ci ty sig n a p e ti t i o n in f ai e r '

o f t he bill .

T he succ e ss o f t hi s bill will i nv o lv e a n e x p e nse o f p ro b a bly

o ne t h o u sa nd d o ll a rs a nd o u a r e t h e re f o re a sk e d t o h a v e y o u r
y ,

so ci e ty m a k e a sui ta bl e a pp ro p r i a t i o n .

I f t hi s bill ca n b e p re se nte d to C ong re ss a nd b e c o m e s a l a w i t ,

will u nd o ubte dly h a v e a f a v o ra bl e i nflu e nc e up o n t he d e ci si o n o f

c a se s no w p e ndi ng I t i s th e r e fore ask e d th a t e v e ry d e nt i st
.

th ro ugh o u t the c o u ntry i nte r vi e w hi s r e p re se nta tiv e i n C o ng re ss

,

a nd u rg e him to giv e hi s v o te a nd i nflu e nc e t o thi s bill .

CO MM I TT E E S C C W at ki ns Ch a i r m a n C S S to ck to n
—
. . r .
,
. .
,

A lvi n R E a to n Fre d A Le vy Ch a s A M ee k e r G e o rg e
.
,
. .
,
. .
,

E mory A d a m s B F L uck ey R M S a nge r Wm P R ich a rds

,
. .
,
. .
,
. .
,

Wm L F i sh S e c r e ta ry
. .
,
.

77m Centr a l D enta l A ssoci a ti o n o f l Vov tfier n I Ve w

'
J ersey .

A lvi n R E .P re si d e nt ; C W F H o lb ro o k V ic e Pre s ; S
a t o n, . . . ,
-

S H wl y
. a e S e c re ta ry ; Ch a s A M e e k e r T re asu re r
,
. .
,
.

N ew Jer sey S ta te D enta l S oci e ty G e o E Ad a m s P r id e nt ; —

. .
,
es

Ch a s A M e e k e r S e c re ta ry
. .
,
.

K i ndly h a v e the o ffic e rs o f y o u r S o ci e ty sig n th e i r na m e s a nd

’
S o ci ety s na m e to t he encl o se d p e t i ti o n to C o ng re ss a nd re tu rn ,

the sa m e imm e d i a te ly t o
N e w a rk N J ,
. D R W M L F I S H S ecre ta ry
. . . .
, .

T0 the S ena te a nd [l e a se f
o R p
e r es e nta t
f
i ves o t/m U ni te d S ta tes

of A m e r i ca .

Y u r p e ti ti o ne rs S o ci e ti e s o f D e nti s ts p ra c tici ng th e i r p ro te s
o ,

si o n i n t he U ni te d S ta t e s r e s p e c tfully S h o w ,

Th a t u nd e r the p a te nt l a w s o f the U ni te d S ta te s p a te nt a re ,
s

no w g ra nte d f o r i nv e nti o ns a nd di s c o v e ri e s o f ne w a nd imp ro v e d

m e th o d s a nd pr o c e sse s i n o p e ra tiv e d e nti try s .
5 04 TH E AR CH I VE S OF DEN TI S TR Y .

Y u r p e t i t i o ners b eli e v e t he g ra nti ng o f p a te nts f or su ch in

o

v e nt i o ns a nd di sc o v e r i e s to b e u nne c e ssa ry t o t he e nc o u ra g e m e nt

t h e re o f c ontr a r y t o publi c p o licy a nd highly i nj u r i o u s a nd u nfa i r

,

t o t he d e nta l p r o f e ssi o n .

I t i s c ontr ar y t o public p o licy i n t h a t i ts t e nd e ncy i s t o p re v ent

t he g e ne ra l a d o p ti o n by t he p ro f e ssi o n o f ne w p ro c e sse s o f o p e r

, g
a t i on o ft e n hi hly e ffic a ci o u s f or the r e li e f o f snfle r in
g a nd the
cu re of di se ase T he r igh t t o u se a p ate nte d p r o c e ss or m e t h o d
.

c a n o nly b e a cqui re d by t he p aym e nt o f a lic e nse f e e by the d e n

t ist Whil e a p a t e nt e d p ro c ess m ay b e v e r y v a lu a bl e i n p a r t icul ar

.

ca se s t he numb e r o f such case s o ccu rr i ng i n the a v erage p ra c tic e

,

m a y not b e suffici e nt t o j u st ify t he p aym e nt by the d e nt i st o f the

l ic e nse f ee d e m a nd e d I n the c ase o f m a ny p a te nts t o o the
.
, ,

d e nt i st b e sid e the p a ym e nt of the y e a rly lic ense i s o blige d t o

, ,

s u b mi t t o c o nd i t i ons t h at t he m a j o ri ty o f h o nor a bl e a nd i nd e e n
p
d e nt p ra cti t i o ne r s f e e l t h e m se lve s u na bl e t o a cc e p t Th e se .

r e asons p r e v e nt t he a d o p t i o n o f p a te nte d m e t h o d s a nd p r o c e sse s

b y the p ro f e ssi on a nd the e x te nsi on of t h e i r b ene fi ts t o the

,

publi c .

I nv e nti ons and di sco v e ri e s of the char a cter h ere i n r e ferre d to

a re u su a ll y m a d e i n the c o u rse o f p ra c t ic e f ro m t he ne ce ssi ty o f
,

o v e r c o mi ng difficul t i e s p r e se nte d by p ar t icul ar c a se s T he y ar e .

se ld o m t he r e sul t o f sp e ci a l e xpe ri m e nt or re se ar ch I t t h e re .
,

f o re f oll o w s t h at th e y a re no t i nc re ase d o r e nc o u rag e d by the

,

i nc e ntiv e of t he m ono p o ly g ra nte d by the p at e nt l a w s to the i n

v e nt e r a nd di sc o v e re r .

Y o u r p et i ti one rs fu rth er subm i t th at it i s the du ty o f the de n

t i st t o a ffo r d e v e r y p o ssib l e a i d t o hi s p a t i e nt I t i s u nj u st a nd
.

u nf a i r t o him and i nj u r i o u s to p ro fe ssi o na l a dv a nc e m e nt th at i n ,

hi s e ff o rt t o r e li e v e suffe r i ng t o c ur e di se a se h e sh o uld b e pr e
, ,

v e nte d f ro m re so rti ng t o a ny m e t h o d of t re at m e nt o r o p er at i o n
t h a t m ay sugge st i tse lf N or sho uld he b e li a bl e t o t he d ang e r
.

o f i nf r i ngi ng p at e nt s th a t he ne c e ssa r i ly c a nno t h a v e k no wl e dg e

of. A nd y e t the numb e r of p a te nts o n m e th o d s a nd p ro c e sse s

,

i n o p e r a t iv e d e nt i stry now i n f o r c e i s so g r e a t th at t he u tm o st
c ar e m ay not shi e l d the d e nt i st f ro m thi s d ange r e v e n i n the ,

m ost o rdi nary a nd simpl e o p e ra ti o ns .

Yo u r p eti ti one rs fu rthe r submi t th a t m e th o d s and p ro c e sses o f

 SO C IE T I E S . 5 05

t r ‘a tm e nt p e ra ti o n up o n t he hum a n b o dy S ho uld ne v e r
o f , a nd o , ,

b e t he subj e c t o f m O I I O p o l y E v e ry s uc h i nv e nti o n a nd di sc o v e ry
.

b e l o ng s o f rig ht to h u m a ni ty T he i nv e nto r o r di sc o v e r e r i s
.

s u ffici e nt] y re w a rd e d b t he c o ns ci o u sne ss o f t he se r vic e r e nd e re d

y
to his f e ll o w m e n T he e thi c a l c o d e s o f m e dici ne a nd d e nt i st ry
.

a lik e Opp o se the m o no p o ly o f a ny thi ng t ha t t e nd s t o p ro l o ng lif e

o r r e li e v e suff e r i ng Th e se c o nsi de ra t i o ns do no t a pply t o t o o l s

.
,

i nstr um e nts a nd a ppli a nc e s m a nuf a c tu re d f o r sa l e to a nd u se by

,

t he p ro fe ssi o n f o r t he i nc r e a se d p r i c e c a u se d by t he p a te nt m o
,

no po l y d o e s no t t e nd i n a ny w a y to di sc o u ra g e t h e i r a d o p t i o n .

I n vi e w o f t h e se f a c t s y o u r p e t i ti o ne r s re sp e c tfully p r a y t h a t
,

t he a ct a nne x e d h e r e to o r so m e l ik e m e a su re m a y b e e na c t e d
, , ,

p rohibi ti ng in fu tu re t he g ra nti ng o r i ssu e o f l e tte rs p a te nt f or

a n i nv e nt i o n o r di sc o v e ry o r a n imp ro v e m e nt t h e re o f o f a ny
y y , ,

m e th o d or p ro c e ss i n o p e ra t iv e d e nt i stry a nd p ro vidi ng so m e e x ,
‘

p e d it i o u s m e t h o d by which a n y s uch p a t e nt h ere a f t er i na dv e r

t out ly g ra nt e d m ay by the d e c re e o f so m e c o mp e t e nt c o u r t b e
, ,

a nnull e d a nd c a nc e ll e d .

[ ED I t i s h o p e d e v e ry d e nta l so ci e ty i n the c o untry will a t

.
-

o nc e a c t o n t he a b o v e a nd f or w a r d t he a nsw e r a s di re c te d
, ]

AN AC T T O P R OH I B I T T H E GRAN T I NG A N D I S S UE OF LE TT E R S
P A T EN T I N C ER T AIN C A S E S
,
.

B e i t ena cted by the S ena te a nd H f R

o use o e re se nta t i ves
p f
o the
U ni ted S ta tes of A m e r i ca , i n Congr ess a ssem bl ed ,

T ha t f ro m a nd a f te r the p a ssa ge o f thi s a c t l e tte rs p a te nt sh a ll ,

no t b e g rant e d o r i ssu e d t o no r o b ta i ne d by a ny p e rso n f o r a ny

, ,

i nv e nti o n o r di sc o v e ry o r imp ro v e m e nt t he re o f o r a ny m e th o d
, ,

o r p ro c e ss o f r e p a i ri ng o r re s to r i ng t he h um a n t e e t h o r t he ,

fu nct i o ns t h e re o f filli ng c a vi ti e s th e re i n d e stroyi ng the pu l p o r

, ,

ne rv e s t h e re o f r e duci ng i nfla mm a t i o n i n the hum a n m o u th o r

,

t e e t h givi ng to a ny p e rso n u nd e r tre a tm e nt o r a pplyi ng l o c a lly

, ,

t o a ny p a r t to b e t r e a te d o r o p e ra te d up o n a ny d rug ga s o r sub ,

st a nc e i n a id o f a ny su rgic a l o r d e nta l o p e ra ti o n o r f o r t he pu r
,

o s e o f a ll e vi a ti ng t he suff e r i ng c a u se d by such o e a t i o n o r
p
'
.

p
t rea t m e nt i nse r ti ng i n t he m o u th o r a pplyi ng o r a ffi xi ng to the
, ,

t e e th a ny d e ntu re s o r o th e r a r ti fici a l a ppli a nc e s i nte nd e d t o

,
506 THE A R C HIVE S OF DE N T T I S R Y .

re pl a c e ,
w o r re sto re l o st d e c ay e d a nd d e f e c t iv e te e th o r
re ne , ,

of an
y m e t h o d o r p ro c e ss of su rgic a l o r d e nta l t re a t m e nt o f or

o p e ra t i o n up o n t he hum a n m o u t h o r t e e t h f o r a ny di s e a se d e ca y , ,

o r d e f e c t wh a tso e v e r o r o f a n
y ne w o r imp ro v e d m e th o d o r pro
,

c e ss wh a t so e v e r i n o p e ra tive d e nti stry and e ve ry such l e tte r s

, ,

p a te nt h ere a f te r g rante d o r i ssu e d t o o r o b ta i ne d by a ny pe rso n

, , ,

sh a ll b e a b so lu te ly v o id a nd o f no e ffe c t .

2 . Th a t the Ci r cui t C o u rts o f the U ni te d S tate s a r e h e re by

iv e n j ur i sdic t i n a nd p o w e r t o d e cr e e the a nnulm e nt a nd ca n
'

g o
ce l l a ti o n o f a ny l e tt e rs p a t e nt g rante d i ssu e d or o b ta i ne d i n
, ,

Vi o l at i o n o f t hi s ac t up o n sui t b ro ugh t i n e qui ty by a ny p e rso n

,

a g a i nst the o w ne r o r o w ners t h e re o f Such su it m a v b e i nst i tu te d

.

i n a ny di str ic t i n which the o w ne r o r o ne o r m ore o f the o w ne rs

r e sid e a nd i n c a se a n o ne o f se v e r a l o w ne r s b e se r v e d wi t h
, y
p ro c e ss d e,
c re e o f a nnulm e nt a nd c a nc e ll a t i o n m a
y b e m ad e

ag a i nst a l l of the o w ne r s i n t he sa m e m a nne r as if t h e y ha d a l l

,

b e en se rv e d wi th p r o c e ss .

3 . Thi s ac t shall ta k e e ff e ct im m e di a te ly .

T HE C ALIFORNIA ST A TE B OAR D O F D EN TAL

EX AM INE R S A N D I TS INFLUEN C E ON
_

D EN TAL E D U C AT I O N fi i

BY JN O . C . M OF S AN T A ANA C AL
’ OY
C , . .

T he m o tto o f A m e r ic a n d e nti sts ha s e v e r b ee n E xc e l s i o r

ne v e r sa t i sfi e d wi t h p a st w o nd e rf ul imp r o v e m e nt s e v e r p re ssi ng ,

o nw a r d a nd upw a r d t o a p ro fici e ncy no t e v e n d r e a m e d o f by the

m o st a dva nce d o f the p a st g e ne rati o n .

D e nt a l c o ll e ge s h a v e a id e d l arg e ly i n ra i si ng the stand a rd of

the p r o f e ssi o n I I I o rd e r t o c o mp e l a l l to a t ta i n su fli ci e nt k no wl
.

e dg e b e f o re p r a c t ici ng b ut m ost o f a l l t o p r o t e c t a n i nno c e nt

,

a nd o v e ne o nfi di n
g public o ur l e gi s l a t u re s h a v e e na c t e d l a w s to
,
“

re gul a t e t he p ra c t ic e o f d e nti str y .

T he t i tl e of o ur C a lif o r ni a l a w a s a pp r o v e d M a r ch 1 885 i s a s
, , ,

*R e a d b e f o re t h e S o u th e r n C al if o r ni a O d o nt ol o g i c al S o i e t y , c at th e fi fth
a nnu al m e e t i ng , O c t ob e r 1 4 th , 1 890 .
 SO C I E T IE S . 5 07

f oll o w s : \
An ac t i nsu re t he b e tte r e duc a ti o n o f the p ra e
to
t i tio ne r s o f d e nta l su rg e ry a nd to re gul a t e the p ra c tic e o f de n
,

t istry i n t he S ta t e o f C a lifo rni a .

T he g o v e rno r a pp o i nte d se v e n p ra c t ici ng d e nt i st s o f o u r S t a te

-

t o c a rr o ut t he p r o vi si o ns o f o ur d e nta l l a w .

N o w be i t u nd e rsto o d th a t the o bj e c t f or which t hi s

,
S t a te
B oa rd O f D e nta l E x a mi ne rs w as c re a te d w as T o i nsu re the ,

b e tte r E duca ti o n o f the P ra c t i t i one rs o f D e nta l Su rge ry .

”

I n o th e r w o rd s t h e y we re i ntr u ste d by o u r S ta te wi t h t he
,

imp o rta nt mi ssi o n o f p r o te cti ng he r ci tiz e ns f ro m the m a l p —

t ic e o f u nqu a lifi e d p ra c ti t i o ne rs o f d e nt i st ry ; t h a t is so f a r a s t he
,

qu alific at i o ns o f t h o se w ho a ppli e d t o t h e m f o r c e rtific a te s to

p ra c tic e d e nti stry i n the S ta te of C a lifo rni a w e re c o nce rne d “

Thi s B oa rd of D e nta l E x a mi ne rs h a v e b e e n m e e t i ng f o r
e x a mi na t i o n o f c a ndid a t e s f o r fi v e v e a rs Th e i r w o r k is Op e n
.

t o i nsp e c t i o n o f the public a nd no w w e w a nt t o i nqui re wh a t

, ,

ha s b e e n t he i nfl ue nc e o f thi s B o a r d o f D e nta l E duc a t i o n?

Fi rst T he e x ami nat i o ns h a ve b e e n th e o re ti cal , a nd not a t a l l .

p ra c tic al . T he fi rst c o u rse stud e nt o f a d e nta l c o ll e g e wi t h

-

sc a r c e ly a ny p ra c tic a l k no wl e dg e i s pl a c e d sid e by si d e wi t h t he
,
.

e xp e r i e nc e d ra c t ici o ne r a nd b o t h subj e ct e d t o a w r i t te n e x a m i
p
na t i o n wi th o u t a n o pp o r tu ni ty to s h o w by cli nic a l d e m o nstra t i o n
t h e i r p ra c t ic a l k no wl e dg e .

N o m e mb e r o f t hi s S ta te B o a rd o f D e nt a l E x a mi ne r s c o uld
sta te o n o a th wh e th e r a nv a pplic a nt c o uld p ro p e rly p e rf o rm
,

e v e n t he simpl e st o p e ra t i o n ; o ne y o u ng m a n w ho s ucc e ssfully

p asse d the e x a mi na ti o n b o a ste d th a t up to t ha t t im e he ha d

,

ne v e r m a d e a se t o f ar t ifici a l te e th .

T he p o si ti o n o f o u r S ta te B oar d o f D e nta l E x a mi ne rs is p r e

h a p s u niqu e ; i t p ro b a bly b e i ng t he o nly o ne in the U ni te d S ta te s

Opp o se d to t he b e tte r e d u ta tio n o f t he d e nta l p ra c ti ti o ne rs .

K no wi ng th a t the a b o v e is t rue w e w o uld lik e to a sk H o w

,

much thi s a ct i nsu re s the b e tte r e duc a ti o n o f the p ra c ti ti o ne rs o f

d e nta l su rg e ry ?
S e c o nd We will e xa nrine the a tti tud e o f the S ta te B o a rd o f
D e nta l E x a mi ne rs to w a r d the D e ntal D e p a rtm e nt o f o ur S ta te
,

Univ e rsi ty O ur S ta te D e nta l C o ll e ge is w o rth y the e nco u ra g

. t

m e nt a nd p a t ro na g e o f e v e ry d e nt i st o f thi s S ta te a nd i re a l l v ,
s
5 08 THE AR CH I VE S or DE N T T
I S R Y .

d o i ng a l l t h at i s b e i ng d o ne e duca t i o nally o n thi s c oa st Thi s .

c oll e ge ha s a d o p te d a high sta nd a rd f o r i ts g ra d ua tes T o .

g ra du a t e f ro m o u r S ta te D e nta l C o ll e g e m e a ns a t h orough tra i n

i ng i n a l l b r a nch e s o f d e nt i stry .

N o w t hi s S ta te B o ar d o f D e nt a l E x a mi ne r s i s a nta g oni st ic t o
t he D e nta l C o ll eg e A S tate i nst i tu t i on and w orki ng u nd er the
.

s a m e a u t h o r i ty I n sh or t t h e y gra nt c er t ific a t e s t o p r a ct ic e to
,
.

st ud e nt s w ho h a v e f a il e d t o p ass re qui r e d e x a mi na t i o ns i n t he

co l l e ge ; t h u s t h e y se nd f ort h u nqu a lifi e d p ra c t i ti o ne rs d c cc iv ,

~

i ng t he p e o p l e b e i ng cl o t h e d wi th al l the l e ga l r igh t s o f a c o m
,

p e t e nt a nd e duc at e d d e nt i st .

Pl e a se re m e mb e r t he pu rp o se f or wh ich t hi s b oa rd w a s
c re a te d : T o i nsu re t he better edu ca ti on o f the p ra ct i ti o ne rs
of d e nt a l su r g e r y .

T he v ha v e no t o nly f a il e d t o fulfill t h e i r mi ssi o n b u t h a v e

“

b ee n a nd a re o b str uc ti oni st s a nd h a v e pre v e nte d the v e ry thi ng

,

w e re a pp o i nte d to p r om ote .

ir d : H a s t he b o a r d co o p era t e d wi t h t he p r of e ssi o n o f the

—

S ta te to se cu r e the e nd f or which t h e y w e r e a pp o i nte d viz T o ,

.

i nsu re t he better e duca ti on of t he p ra c t i ti o ne r s of d e ntal sur

ge ry
Thi s S o ci e ty b e l i e vi ng th at the l a w re g ul a ti ng the p ra ctic e o f
,

d e nt i stry co uld b e i mp ro ve d a nd t h at the Sta te B o ar d of D e nt a l

,

E x a mi ne rs w a s guil ty a s ch arge d in a for m er p art of thi s p a p er

, ,

a pp o i nt e d a c o mmi t te e t o c o nf e r wi t h a lik e c o m m i tt e e o f t he

S ta te D e nta l S o ci e ty wi th r e f e re nc e t o a m e ndi ng the de nta l

l a w S O a s t o li mi t the p o w e r of t he b oar d t o the e x a mi na t i on of
dipl o m a s .

T he S ta te D e nt a l S o ci e ty ( the l e a di ng m e mb e r s o f which a re
o n t he B o ar d o f D e nt a l E x a m i ne rs r e f e r r e d o ur p e t i t i o n t o t he
) ,

sa id b o ard a di st i nc t i o n wi th o u t a di ff e r e nc e w ho p r e su m a bly
, , ,

f e ar i ng t he i r p o we r a nd a u t h o r i ty w ould b e l imi te d by such a

c ha nge i n the l a w p a id no a tte nti o n to ou r r e qu e sts a nd by so
, ,
-

d oi ng re fu se d t o c o o p e ra t e wi th t h o se i nte re st e d in i nsu r i ng the

b e t te r e duca ti o n o f the p ra cti t i o ne r s of d e ntal su rg e ry .

O u r e vid e nc e i s al l giv e n o u r a r gum e nt is m ad e T he case is .

.

b e f or e y ou a nd the p r o f e ssi o n of o u r gre a t S ta te sh a ll b e the

,

j u ry W e l ea v e th e m t o d e cid e the i nflu e nc e o ur S tat e B oard o f

.

D e nta l E x a mi ne rs i s ha vi ng on d e nta l e duc ati on .

 SO C IE T IE S .

C O M P L I M E N T A RY D I N NE R S .

D INNER B Y NE W Y O K D EN T I T R S S .

T he d e nti sts o e or a f N w Y k Ci ty nd vici ni ty h

a v e l a te l y f a ll e n

nt o a v e r y g o o d h a bi t a h a bi t t h a t c o mm e nd s i tse lf to e v e ry
go o d fe ll o w a nd o ne th a t e v e ry g o o d f e ll o w w a nts to c o nf e r
,

up o n e v e ry o th e r g oo d f e ll o w a nd i t i s the h a bi t of givi ng a ,

c o mplim e nta ry di nne r to so m e sp e ci a lly go o d f e ll o w w ho ha p

p e ns to vi si t t hi s m e t ro p o li s e sp e ci a lly if he i s a re sid e nt a b ro a d , ,

a nd i s vi si t i ng hi s na t iv e c o u ntry I t w a s o nly a sh o rt tim e .

si nc e t h e y t hu s c o mplim e nt e d D r J e nki ns o f D r e sd e n a nd o n .
, ,

O cto b e r 7th P rof W D Mill e r of B erli n w a s the r e cipi e nt of

,
. . .
, ,

simil ar h o nor .

’
T he t a bl e w as sp re ad a t D e lm o nic o s a nd a b o u t f o rty re pre
se nta ti v e s w ere g a t h e r e d a s h o st to g re e t t he di st i ngui sh e d gu e st .

A m ong t h e m m ay b e m e nt i o ne d : D rs W H D w i ne ll W H . . .
,
. .

Atki nso n F ra nk A b bo tt A L N o rthrup C E Franc e s Wm

, , . .
,
. .
, .

C a rr W W Wa lk e r B e nj a mi n L o rd Jo h n M org a n H o w e
,
. .
, ,

N orm a n W K i ng sl e y G e orge S A ll e n C F W B o e d e ck e r
.
,
. , . . .
,

L D Sh e ph e rd of B osto n ; Ja m es T r um a n o f Phil a ; C S
. .
, , . . .

S to ck ton o f N e w a rk ,
.

T he di nne r wa s e xc ell e nt a s t h e y a l w a ys a re a t t hi s d i sti n

’
g u i sh e d h o st e l ry t h e r e i s o nly o ne D e lm o nic o s i n t he w o r ld .

D r Dwi ne ll p re sid e d wi t h g re a t g ra c e a nd g o o d t a st e a nd
.
,

de l i v e re d a m o st e xc e ll e nt sp e e ch S o m e of t he p o i nts m a d e w e r e .

G entl em en W e h a v e m e t h e re to night to do h o no r to a d is
—

ti nguishc d m e mb e r o f o u r p ro f e ssi o n f ro m a b ro a d
-
I n d o i ng so .

w e re fle cti v e l y h o no r o u rse lv e s ; f o r wh a te v e r di st i ngui shm e nt

a nd r e c o g ni t i o n he ha s g a i ne d i n the d e p a r tm e nt o f sci e nt ific

i nv e stig a ti o n ha s b e e n pl a c e d to o ur c re d it a s a p r ofe ss i o n a s
, ,

w e ll .

H e ha s o n a wid e r a nd high e r fi e ld d o ne f o r u s wh a t T o m e s
, ,

so no bly did f o r u s i n the p a st ; a nd a s t he r e c o rd o f T o m e s a nd

o the rs h a v e a l re a dy b e c o m e sta nd a r d a nd a u t ho ra t i v e so will hi s ,

b e f o r a l l t im e
,
.

H e has t ruly b e e n o u r re p re se nta tiv e a b ro a d L ik e R u sse l l .

Lo w e ll a t the c o u rt o f S t J a m e s R e id a t Pa ri s a nd o th e rs a t
,
.
,

o th e r c o u r t s he ha s b e e n o u r s a t t he g e ne ra l c o u rt a b ro a d
, in
th a t l a nd o f l e a rni ng a nd skill o f sci e nc e a nd a rt ,
.
5 10 TH E AR C H I V E S OF DEN TI S TR Y .

H e ha s a dd e d lu stre
p ro fe ssi o n whil e he has d e fe nde d
to o ur ,

o ur g o o d na me H e has b e e n the c u sto di a n o f o ur ho no r a nd

.
,

ha s b ee n f a i thful t o hi s tru st .

N o Am e r ic a n has b e e n the re cipi e nt o f such di sti ngu i sh e d

a nd p e culi ar h o no rs as he .

I h a ve sa id he has b e e n o ur re p re se nta tiv e ab ro a d a nd now ,

t h a t he ha s c o m e b a c k t o u s a g a i n i t i s fi tt i ng t h a t w e sh o uld ,

m e e t him wi th gr e e t i ng a nd goo d c he e r wi th a pp rov a l a nd —

e nd o r se m e nt e xcl a i m i ng i n t he l a ng ua g e o f o l d
, Wel l do ne ,

tbo a good a nd f a i thf u l serv a nt

A s I a m no t h e re t o sp e a k a t l e ng th b ut simply t o i ntro duc e
l

o ur gu est a nd p r e sid e o v e r y o u r d e lib era t i o ns I will d e ta i n o u

y ,

no l o nge r .

I no w h a ve the h o nor to i ntro duc e to y ou o ur di st i ngui sh e d

gu e st P ro fe ssor Wm D Mill e r o f t he U ni ve rsi ty o f B e r li n
,
. .
, .

D r J M o r ga n H o w e sp o k e of the g re a t imp o r tanc e a nd goo d

. .

t he st udy a nd i nv e stig a t i o n o f P r o f Mill e r ha d up o n us a l l . .

P r of Frank A bb o tt sp o k e o f the g re a t pl e asu re w e a l l had i n

.

w e lcom i ng o ur di sti ngui sh e d gu e st a nd sa id P rof M ill e r had .

m a d e his w ay t o the f ro nt no t wi th sta ndi ng t he G e r m an di scr im ,

i na ti o n a g a i nst A m e r ic a n hog a nd A m e r ic a n d e nti st s A nd a .

m a n w ho c a n pl a c e h i m se lf w he re he has i s a m a n w o r thy to b e ,
.

a nd S h o uld b e h o no re d .

D r Ch as E F ra nc e s t h o ugh t t h a t the c o nt r ibu ti o n o f P ro f

. ; . .

Mill e r t o the li te ra tu r e o f the p ro fe ssi on had b e e n of such a ch a r

a c t e r as t o a tt ra c t t he a t t e nt i o n o f t he s ci e nt ific w o r ld .

D r J a rvi s of B ro o kly n sa id he ha d p re p a r e d a g o o d sp e e ch
.
, , ,

b u t the p re vi o u s sp ea k e r s ha d sto l e n hi s thu nd e r a nd al l he c o uld ,

’
say ,
t h e m s my se nt im e nt s .

D r K i ngsl e y m a d e a m a g nific e nt imp ro mp tu S p ee ch p re p are d

.
,

a w ee k b e f o r e H e sa id if G o d e v e r ha d a Mill e r t hi s w a s the
.
,

m an . Thi s w a s the o nl y M ill e r i n the wh o l e p ro fe ssi o n L e t .

Mill e r do t he w or k w e are sati sfi e d wi th i t it sa v e s u s a l o t o f

,
—

t r o ubl e .

D r At ki nso n sa id i t i s no lig ht thi ng to b e e ste e m e d by t h o se

.

w ho k no w u s w e ll T he imp o r ta nt w o r k D r Mill e r ha d giv e n

. .

i s w o r thy t he m o st h e a r ty re c o g ni t i o n .

D r S he ph e rd p o rtray e d i n gl o wi ng l a ngu a g e the c a re e r o f a

.
 SO C IE T IE S . 51 ]

y o
.
u ng m a n f re sh f ro m c o ll e g e go i ng a b ro a d to p e rf e c t him se lf ,

i n full e r k no wl e dg e a nd o pp o r tu ni ti e s b e c o mi ng f a sci na te d wi t h ,

hi s studi e s re m a i ni ng i n a f o re ig n l a nd e xp a t ri a t i ng him se lf
,
.
, ,

a nd fi na lly b h i s m a g nific e nt a t t a i nm e nts b e c o mi ng t he h o nore d

y
P ro fe sso r o f D e nti stry i n t he U niv e rsi ty o f B e rli n no sligh t —

h o no r ge ntl e m e n I We h o no r him to night b e c a u se he ha s ho n

,
-

o re d us .

Sp e e c he s v e ry much i n t he sa m e stra i n w e re m a d e by P ro f .

T rum a n o f Phil a d e lphi a a nd D rs K i rk S to ck to n Pe rr Sh a w

, ,
.
, , ,

a nd B o e d e ck e r a nd t hu s cl o se d a m o st d e lightful a nd h a ppy
,

e v e ni ng to a l l .

D INNER To DR . H . J .
’
M K E L L O PS .

D r . H
J M cK e l l o ps t he d ist i ng ui sh e d A m e r ic a n d e nt i st
. .
, ,

w ho som e t im e s re sid e s i n S t L o ui s a nd w a s o n hi s w ay h o m e .

f ro m the I nte rnat i o na l M e dic al C o ng re ss o f B e rli n w a s c a p tu re d ,

by t he g o o d f e ll o w s a nd he t o o w as c o mplim e nte d wi th a di nne r

,

o n t he e v e ni ng o f O c to b e r 1 5 t h a t t he H o t e l M a rt i n D r A L ,
. . . .

N o rth ro p pre sid e d a nd a l th o ugh the o cca si o n w a s a n i nfo r m al

,

o ne y e t t he i ne vi ta bl e a f t e r di nne r sp e e ch ha d t o b e m a d e
,
D rs -

. .

D w i ne ll Y o e nge s A t ki nso n K i ng sl e y S to ck t o n Pe r ry W alke r

, , , , , ,

a nd B ro ckw a y c o mplim e nt e d t he di st i ngui sh e d gu e st i n t e r m s

pl e a si ng to m o d e st e a rs A ll w e r e pl e ase d a t the m a nife st e v i

.

d e nc e o f r e ne w e d h e a l th a nd w o nd e re d wh a t the e lixi r w as th a t
,

t hu s c a u se d h im y e a r by y e a r to g ro w y o u ng e r a nd w e re i t ,

p o ssibl e nro re h a nd some a nd thu s a no th e r h a ppy a nd d e ligh tful

,

e v e ni ng w a s ha d Thu s t he h a bi t g ro w s a nd l et the e di to r o f the

.

A RC HIV E S o r so m e o th e r g o o d f e ll o w c o m e a l o ng a nd w e will ,

bl o w him o ff wi th a di nne r
”
.

D INNER
IN C I NNA T I D E N T I S T S BY C .

T he O d o nto l o gic a l S o ci e ty o f Ci nci nna t i ha d t he pl e a su re o n

t he e v e ni ng o f S e p t 2 3 o f e nte rta i ni ng D r W D Mill e r o f
.
, . . .
,

B e rli n o ne f t he m a ny m e m be rs o f the d e nta l p ro f e ssi o n w ho

,
o

h a v e m a d e t he U ni te d S ta te s so j u stly c e l e b ra te d a b ro a d a s the
a lm a m a te r o f t he ne wb o r n sci e nc e L ik e m a ny fo re m o st m e n .

i n t he v a ri u s w a lk s o f p ro f e ssi o na l a nd p o li tic a l life D r Mill e r

o
,
.

i s a n O hi o m a n b o r n a nd b re d H i s t he o nly A m e ric a n b o ld
, . e
512 TH E A R C HI V E S OF DEN T I S TRY .

ing p ro f e sso rship i n a G e rm a n U niv e rsi ty na m e ly t he U niv e r

a , ,

si ty of B e rli n H i s re se ar ch e s i nto the c a u se s o f d e nta l c a r i es

.
,

d e m o nstra te d by e xh a u st ive e xp e r im e nt s hav e m a de him a n ,

a u t h o r i ty up o n t he g e r m t he o ry o f t he e t i o l o gy o f d e nt a l c a r i e s .

A m ong t h ose p re sent to do the h onors of the e v e ni ng we re ,

D r F H H u nte r , P r e sid e nt ; C o mmi tt e e D r C M W r igh t

. . .
—
. . .
,

D r O N H e i se D r W M Willi a m s D r J R C a ll a h a n D r
. . .
,
. . .
,
. . .
,
.

J T a f t D r J S C a ssidy D r E G B e tty D r M H F l e tch e r

.
,
. . .
,
. . .
, . . .

D r A G R o se D r H A Smi th D r F W S a g e D r J I
_

. . .
,
. . . . . .
, ,
. . .

Tayl or D r G M ol l e na u x D r H C M atl a ck D r R E T a yl o r
,
. .
,
. . .
,
. . .

D r F B r u nni ng D r C H M a rti n D r S e dwi ck D r R J

. .
,
. . .
,
.
, . . .

Po ore D r W A B e tt m an D r J G Ca m e ro n D r D W R o u
,
. . .
,
. . .
,
. . .

d eb u sh D r H T Smi t h D r J L e sli e
. . . .
,
. . .

Af te r the cu sto m ary to a sts had b e en prop ose d and answ e re d

a l l b a d e the gu e st G o d sp e e d a nd go o d by e - -
.

TO AD APT A L O AN CRO WN T a k e Whi te s t hi n ar ti cul a tihg

G .
—
’

p a p e r c u t a di sk a li ttl e l arg e r th a n the ci rcumfe re nc e of a

,
-

L og an c ro wn; pi e rce t he c e nte r of di sk wi th pin o f cro wn ;

p l a c e o n t he ro ot wi th fi rm p re ssu re a nd i t will sh o w the p o i nt
o f c o ntra c t S O a p e r f e c t j o i nt ca n b e o bt a i ne d W L R EE D . . . .

TH E I VORY
B R OA C HE S Th e se b re ache s are m a d e of v e ry .
-

t hi n ste e l fi ne ly te mp e re d a nd t w i ste d so as t o f or m a c o r k scre w ;

, ,
-

t h e y a re fi ne e no ugh t o e nt e r t he sm a ll e st r o o t c a na l c otton ca n
b e w ra pp e d o n t h e m a nd will no t re m a i n I n the ca na l b ut ca n ,

b e e asily r e m o v e d f ro m the b re a ch by a re v e r se t u rn o f t he
i nstr um e nt Th e y a r e w orthy of a pl a c e in the Op e r ati ng ro om
. .

DA R K S T AIN S ON T HE TEE T H T he ne x t t im e y o u h a v e such .

-

’
a c ase try D r M cC a ndl e ss pl a n viz
,
a dd a d r o p o r t wo o f
.
,
.

a r o m a t ic su lp hu r ic a cid to y o ur p a ste o f pumic e a nd w a t e r a nd ,

c ont i nu e u si ng the so ft rubb e r di sk l o a d e d wi th thi s mixt u re ,

a nd t he st a i n di sa pp ea r s a s if by m a gic Fl o ss silk charge d .

wi th thi s p re p a ra t i o n i s a S impl e y e t e ffe c tiv e m e a ns o f r e

m o vi ng sta i ns f ro m b e t we e n the t e e th
 SO C IE T I E S . 51 3

P RE S E R V ATION OF LOO SENE D T E E T H fi “

BY W ONRA D
'

M .LOUI
C ,
ST . S .

T he p ra ctice o f ta ki ng o ut a l l the te e th th a t w e re difli cul t of

ol d

tre a tm e nt o r wh e n t h e re se e m e d t o b e a qu e st i o n a s to t h e i r ul t i
,

m a te u se ful ne ss up o nthe p r i ncipl e th a t d ea d m e n te ll no tal e s

, ,
”

i s I a m h a ppy to say r a pidly p a ssi ng a w a y

,
D e nt i sts o f to d a y
,
.
,

e v e n t h o ugh t h e y f o ll o w t he o l d m e t h o d s do no t so o p e nly a dv o ,

c a te t oo th e x tra c ti ng a nd pl ate m aki ng a s a r e li e f in troubl e so m e

-

c a se s Th e y e xc use th e i r p ra c tic e u p on the pl e a of ne c e ssi ty

. .

I n the e a se o f l oo se ne d t e e t h a nd ro o ts ne v e r e x tr a c t t h e m wh e n
t h er e i s suffici e nt p e r ic e m e nt um t o a dmi t o f a re u ni o n a nd w e
h a v e f o u nd i n p ra c t ic e th a t t h e y will m o st ge ne ra lly b e c om e
fi rm p ro vid e d t h e y r e c e iv e t he p r o p e r t re a t m e nt
, .

T he w o nd e rful r e sul t s g a i ne d by t ho se p ra c t ici ng i mpl a nta

t i o n sh o uld c a u se a l l o f u s to l o o k f or m ore succ e ss i n such
,

c a se s as w e h a v e the a dva nta g e o f so m e na t u ra l m e mb ra ne l e f t

, ,

which re ta i ns its o rigi na l p o si ti o n t o r o o t a nd p ro c e ss .

W e b e li e ve the day ha s c o m e wh e n p a t i e nts a re a sh a m e d to

w e ar a r tifici a l t e e th “ Te a l so b e li e v e i t to b e di sg ra c e ful f o r a
.

d e nti st to m a k e ar tifici a l te e th a ne c e ssi ty th e n wh e n i t i s to o ,

l ate fi nd i ng o ut t h a t a mi sta k e has b e e n m a d e which ca n ne v e r

,

b e r e c t ifi e d W e h a v e al l se e n c a se s w h e re o wi ng t o a re sorp
.
,

t i o n o f the p ro c e ss p a ti e nt s a re u na bl e t o w e ar ar t ifici a l d e ntu re s

,

wi t h a ny d e gre e of c o m fo r t T he di ffi cul ty i n so m e c a ses .

b e c o mi ng so g re a t th at the p a t i e nt i s u na bl e to k e e p the pl a te in
the m o u th e v e n f o r the pu r p o se o f
,
d re ss p ara d e .

P re se r v a t i o n e s D e struc ti o n m u st b e c o m e a n i ssu e a nd th ose

.
,

w ho se nd p a ti e nts t o t he E x tra cti ng O ffic e s f or the wh ol e sal e

” “

re mo v a l o f t e e th m u st a ns w e r f o r the da m a e d o ne up o n t h e i r
, g
re com m en da ti on .

D e nti sts sh o uld no t f a i l t o do f o r the p e o pl e w ho tr u st i n ,

t h e i r h o ne sty e v e ry t hi ng t he p ro g re ss o f d e nt i stry i ndi c a te s

,
.

N o m a tte r how high to ne d the e xt ra c to rs o r ho w fi ne the -

o ffi c e o r ho w nruc h m o ne y the p ra c t ic e m ay yi e ld p e r y e a r
, or ,

ho w c l o se the f ri e nd ship m ay b e wi th d e nta l c o ll e g e p r o f e ssor s ,

o r ho w much r e pu ta ti o n the d e nti st m a y h a v e up o n t he subj e c t

o f a nae sth e tic s o r ho w m a ny p o s i ti o ns the o p e ra to r m a h ld

, y o

*R e ad b e f o r e th e M i sso ur i S t a t e D e nt a l c
A sso i a t i o n, Jul y ,
1 890.
514 TH E A R C HI VES or DEN T I S TR Y .

in de nta l co ll e ge sm o m e nt the d e nti st m a k e s a bu si ne ss of

,
the
tooth extr a cti on he o ff e r s him se lf to the pu bl i c f o r the c o mmi s
, .

si o n o f c r im e a g a i nst na t u re a nd as m e m b e rs o f the M i sso u r i

State D enta l A ssoc i a t i o n w e sh o uld b e care ful ho w w e e ncour

,

a ge G as bu si ne ss
-
”
a nd up o n a l l o c c a si o ns giv e i t o u r m o st
,

h e a rty di sapp ro v a l T he d e nt i sts w ho m a k e to o th e x tra cti on a

.
-

se c a ll e d sp e ci a l ty
-
h a ve t o o ur e y e a p e culi ar ca st o f co unte
,

na nc e w i t h t h e m it i s no t a qu e st i o n o f g o o d t o the p a t i e nt b u t ,

o ne o f dol l a rs o r v a ca te the cha i r .

We h a v e h e ar d d e nti sts say t h a t to ta k e a w a y the e xtra c “

t i on o f a c o u ntry o ffi ce w o uld r ui n t h e i r bu si ne ss a nd so m e
, ,

o th e r f e ll o w w o uld d o i t A ll w e h av e to say i s try t o sa v e

.
”
,
.

l o ose tee th u nd e r a l l ci r cum stanc e s a nd yo u will l o se no thi ng by ,

t he o th e r f e ll o w a s t he p e o pl e a re b e c o mi ng b e tte r i nf or m e d
,

u po n thi s subj e ct
T he public p re ss i s the m e diu m th ro ugh which d e nta l k no wl e dg e
S houl d b e c o nv e y e d to the p e o pl e D e nti sts h a v e no t the t im e f o r
.

g ra t ui to u sly i nstr uct i ng p are nt a nd child re n; t h e re f ore the p re ss

s h o uld b e suppli e d wi t h p o pu l ar li t e r a t u re r e c o mm e nd e d by ,

S ta te o r l o c a l orga niz at i ons t hi s to b e p ri nt e d by or d e r o f the

,

so ci e ty wi th o ut na me o r c o mm e nt .

D e cidu o u s te e t h a s a r ul e no m a tter ho w l o ose S h o uld not b e ,

e x t ra c te d by t he d e nt i st T he l oose ne ss o f th ese t e e t h i s no re a so n
.

f o r t hi s o p era t i o n S av e th e m u ntil th e y a re ta k e n o ut by the

.

child re n t h e m se lv e s W e h a v e se e n the v a l ua bl e se c o nd t e m
.

p o r ar
y m o l a r s or t he ro o ts o f t he sa m e r e m a i n f or y e a r s a f ter ,

t h e y ha d b e c o m e so l o o se t h a t t h e y w e re e xp e ct e d t o d r o p o u t
a t a ny t i m e . T he t e mp o ra ry c e ntra l s l a te ra l s a nd c a ni ne s h a v e ,

a h a bi t o f r e m a i ni ng i n p o si t i o n l o ng a f te r w e fi nd t h em v e ry

much l oo se ne d I f pulpl e ss tre at and fill the roo t s o f such

.
,

t e e t h e ve n th o ugh i t b e b u t i m p e r f e c tly d o ne
,
F ill the c a vity .

o f d e c a y as i t m a k e s a b e t t e r su r f a c e f or m ast ic a ti o n k e e p s the
, ,

t e e th cl e a ner a nd p re v e nts fu rt h e r l o ss o f t i ssu e

, Wh e n t h e r e .

i s an a bc e ss wi t h no t im e o r Opp ort u ni ty t o t re a t a nd fill the

,

r o o ts or o ne m ay b e e xp e c t e d a t so m e f ut u r e t im e fill the c a vi ty
, ,

o f d e c a y a nd d r ill t he much c o nde mm e d vent hol es T he r ul e f

.

sh o u l d b e t o m a k e th e p a t i e nt c o mf o rt a bl e a nd p r e se rv e t he

t e e t h f ro m d e c a y u nt il th e y d ro p o u t by t h a t ph y si o l o gic a l pr o
c e ss —
r e sor p t i on of the r o o ts Forc e a s a m e ans of ge tti ng rid
.
 SO C IE T IE S . 515

of te mp o ra ry t e e th has lw a y s b e e n u nne c e ssa ry c o nsid e re d

a

f ro m e v e ry sta ndp o i nt i t i s i nhum an a nd w ro ng

,
.

I n the tre a t m e nt of l o o se ne d p e r m a ne nt t e e th t a k e o ut a l l ,

ulp s wh e t h e r a l i ve o r d ea d t re a t a nd fill ev er ro o t c a na l thi s

p , y
will c a u se m ost l o o se ne d te e th to b e c o m e fi rm Pulpl e ss per .

m a ne nt t e e th do no t b e c o m e l oo sene d p ro vid e d the pe ri ce m e n,

t u m i s i n a f a i r l y h e a l thy c o ndi t i o n a nd the r o o t c a na l s are p er -

f e ct l y fill e d .T h e dif fi cul ty o f e x t ra c t i ng pulpl e ss t e e t h S h o uld

p ro v e to a ny o ne th a t t h e re i s a n e x tra u ni o n of ro o t to p ro c e ss .

T o d e vi ta liz e such t e e t h f re e s t h e m f ro m i rr i ta ti o n a nd wh e n ,

t hi s i s g o ne t he muc o u s m e mb r a ne i m m edi a tel y t a k e s up on

i tse lf a he al ty a c ti o n Pulp i rri ta t i on ( c a lcific a t i on) i s the c a u se
.

o f l o o se ne d p e r m a ne nt t e e t h i n m ore t h a n 60
p e r c e nt of al l b ad .

c ase s ; a bc e ss the c a u se of the r e m a i nd er T artar pl a y s such a n .

u nim p or tant p a rt a m ong the b e tter cl a ss of p eo pl e t h a t w e do

no t ta k e it i nt o c o nsid e r a t i o n T he r e m o vi ng o f the pulp a nd
.

the filli ng o f the r o o t c a na l s i s the g re a t r e m e dy i n sa vi ng t h e m .

M any c ase s which w e w o uld h a v e c o nsid e re d w o rthl ess a y e a r

,

a o now p ro mi se f a v ora bl e r e s ul ts
g ,
W e go so f ar a s to say th a t
.

ne ar ly al l l oose t e e th m a y b e sa v e d a nd th a t i t i s b a d p ra ctic e to
,

t a k e o ut a ny w ith o u t fi rst givi ng t h e m the b e ne fi t o f the d o ub t .

I f t arta r i s the c a u se of the l o o se ne ss re m o v e it and the te e t h

,

wil l b e gi n to ge t fi rm wi thi n a v e ry sh ort t im e I f th e y do not

“

d o so w e mu st l oo k e l se wh e r e f o r t he so u rc e o f t he t r o ubl e a nd
, ,

the p u lp cha m be r i s the p l a ce to str ike a sha rp d ri l l .

C a re of the te e t h mu st b e c o nsid e re d , a nd the p a t i e nt i nstr uct

e d as to how a nd h o uld b e cl e a ne d I f the
w hen t he t ee th s .

p a t i e nt will no t do a s di re ct e d i t i s b e tter to giv e up the c a se

, ,

a s i n t he e nd u nd e r such ci r cum sta nc es w e will ge t bl a m e

, , ,

wh e n t h a nk s sh o uld b e o ur j u st d ue .

D o no t t a k e a new a nd green subj e c t ru b a l l o f the muc o u s ,

m e mb ra ne f ro m the m o u th a nd cu t a l l the mu scl e s b e sid e s b u t

, ,

c omm e nc e g e ntly a nd i nc re a se the f ricti o n f ro m tim e t o tim e

, ,

u ntil w e ge t the gum i n p e rf e c t c o ndi ti on B ru sh the te e th .

e v e ry t i m e w e t re a t t h e m a nd k e e p it u p u ntil the c ase i s d is

,

mi sse d cu re d .

I I I re m o vi ng f o re ig n m a tt e r f ro m the te e th a nd ro o ts d o i t ,

g tl y a nd thor o ughl y; ne v e r b e sa t i sfi e d wi th w o rk h a lf d o ne
e n -

I n Op e ni ng i nto t h e se l o o se ne d te e th w e will fi nd the c a na l s

51 6 TH E A R CH I V E S OF DE N T T
IS R Y .

v e ry difficul t t o p re p are a nd t re a t m a ny tim e s the te e th a re so

se nsi t iv e t h a t i t will t a k e d ay s o f t he m o st c a re ful t r e a t m e nt to
“

e t t h e m r e a dy f or filli ng B e c ar e ful no t t o l ea v e a n c
g .
y a nal s
u nfill e d as i n t h a t c a se the t o o th will nev er t i gh t e n I n the
,
.

t re a t m e nt of t h e se c a se s ne w diffi cul t i e s will b e p re se nte d which

,

a r e ne ve r su sp ec t e d i n t he t re a t m e nt o f o r di na ry pulpl e ss t e e t h .

T he a lm o st u niv e rsa l u se of g o ld c ro w n m a k e s t he b a ndi ng

a nd c a ppi ng o f t h e se t e e t h a much e a si e r t ask t h a n i t w o uld

h a v e b ee n so m e y e ars a ge ; a l th o ug h no w w e fi nd c a ses wh ere

i t t r o ub l e s u s c onsid e ra bly to p ro p erly fi t b a nd s a nd c e m e nt
’

t h e m i n p osi t i on wh e n the y a re so ld e re d t o g e t h er
,
I n a lm ost .

al l c a se s i t i s ne c e ssar y t o fix t he t e e t h fi r mly t o g e t h e r by b a nd

i ng th e m t o c o mp a ra t iv e ly h e a l t hy o nes .

T he pulp i n t he c ase o f m ost l o o se ne d t e e th i s the so u rc e of

tro ubl e . T he di se a se d c o ndi t i on m o st g e nera lly f o u nd i s pu l p
c a lcificat i on a nd the di se ase has b e e n u nd e r mi ni ng the life of
the pulp l o ng b e fo re the l o ose ne ss b e c o m e s m a nif e st t o t he
,

p at i e nt or d e nti st .

I f you wi sh to p rov e wh e th e r the p osi t i on ta k en by the w r i ter

i s c o rr e ct or no t t a k e so m e t e e th th a t ha s b e e n c o nd e m ne d to
,

t he f orc e p s t re a t a nd fil l the r o o t c a na l s p e rf e c t ly r e m o v e t he
, ,

f ore ign m atter f ro m the r oot s a nd l e t it b e wi t h no o the r a f ter

t r e a t m e nt o th e r th a n g oo d b r u shi ng a nd i n m o st c a se s the re sul t
, ,

will b e success .

“
ENA M EL IN ”
D EN TI STRY .

BY C ALVIN S . C ASE , M D . .

I na p ap e r d e signe d p r i ncip a lly t o e xpl a i n a m e th o d of m ak

i ng p or c e l a i n f ront c r o w ns re a d a t t he l a st m e e t i ng o f t he
-

A m e rican D e ntal A sso ci ati o n I m e nt i o ne d t he u se a nd p o ssi ,

e na m e l i n p r osth e t ic d e nt i stry N o t too th e na m e l ,

”
b il iti e s o f .

or u m e na m e l b u t a m a t e r i a l th a t i s k no w n a nd u se d by j e w
g ,

cl e r s a nd e na m e l e r s u nd e r t he na m e o f h ar d e na m e l ; a n “ ”

e a sily fu sibl e s ilic a t e o r gl a ss to which t he d e si r e d c o l or a nd

,

o p a ci ty i s imp ar te d by m e t a lli c o xid es .

E na m el s h av e b e e n u se d i n d e corat iv e a rt f rom v ery e arly

t im e s m or e p ar ticul a r ly i n t he m a nuf a c tu r e o f j e w e l ry
,
Fo r .

y e a rs i t ha s f orm e d the b a se of ne arly a l l w a tch a nd cl o ck di a l s ,

 SO C IE T I E S . 517

a nd ne w th a t m e th o d s h a v e be c o m e p e rf e c te d by wh ich i t ca n b e
a tta ch e d to i ro n ,
i t i s e x te ns iv e ly u se d in the m a nuf a c tu r e of
w a te r pip e s p o rc e l a i n li ne d k e t tl e s a nd a v a ri e ty o f u te nsil s
-

,
-

k no w n a s g ra ni te w a re wh e re i ts stre ng th r e si sta nc e a nd
-

, ,

du ra bili ty h a v e wi th stoo d the se v e re st te sts .

A l th o ugh h a vi ng i n mi nd f or so m e tim e i ts p ro b a bl e use ful

ne s f or filli ng i nte rsp a c e s a nd m o re fi rmly u ni t i ng p o r c e l a in t o
s

m e ta l i n c ro w n a nd m e ta l pl a te w o rk I ha d no t subj e c te d it t o a
-

p ra c tic a l e x a mi na t i o n u nt il a sh o rt ti m e b e f o re the m e e ti ng a nd ,

t h e n p r i ncip a lly i n t he c o nstr uc ti o n o f the m o d e l s whi ch I

,
,

t h e re p re se nte d f o r e x a mi na t i o n .

Th e se e xhibi te d the e na m e l fu se d up o n 1 8 c a ra t g old upo n ,

p o r c e l a i n t e e th b e t w e e n b a cki ng a nd t o oth a nd al l j o i nts of pe r

,

c e l a in a nd m e t a l i n the 1 0 o r 1 2 m o d e l s o f c ro w ns c o nstr uc t e d to

illu strat e my p a p e r .

Si nc e my re tu rn I h a v e ha d the f o rtu ne to u se i t i n the co n

str uc t i o n o f 6 c ro w ns 2 p ar t i a l b r idg e s ( o ne o f 8 te e th ) a nd a
,

p a rt i a l se t of t e e th o n g o ld a nd I a m so pl e a se d w i th i ts p ra c tic a l
,

a pplic a t i o n a nd t he d e s i ra bl e p o ssibili t i e s i t f o re sh a d o w s I b e ,

li e v e the p r e dic ti on no t a wild o ne wh e n I say it i s d e st i ne d to

re v o luti o niz e t he p re se nt m e th o d o f a t ta chi ng p o r c e l a i n t ee t h to

m e t a l i n al l ar tifici a l d e ntu re s .

WV hil e i ts stayi ng qu ali ty ha s no t y e t b e e n subj e ct e d t o the

c ruci a l t e st o f t im e the v e ry natu re of t he sub sta nc e gl ass
,
—

t e ll s us i t c a n no m o re b e a t ta ck e d by t he fluid s o f t he m o ut h
t h a n the p o r c e l a i n o f a rtifici a l t e e t h a nd wh e r e i t i s fu se d b e

t w e e n a nd p ro te c t e d by o t h e r wi se imm o v a bl e j o i nts i t ca n but ,

sta nd a s a n i mp e r vi o u s st o ppi ng t o t he i ng re ss o f d e c o mp o sa bl e

su bst a nc e s which h a v e re nd e re d t hi s cl a ss o f d e nt u re s u nwh o l e

so m e a nd o f te ntim e s fil thy i n t he m o uth A s a m a tte r of no

.

sm a ll imp o r t a nc e a l so the vi t r ifi e d e na m e l cli ngi ng wi th g re a t

,

te na ci ty t o b o th m e ta l a nd p o rc e l a i n t he a rtifici a l t e e th o r f a c e
-

i s supp o r te d by a f a r st ro ng e r a t ta chm e nt t h a n wh e n h e ld as i t
o f te n o th e r wi se mu st b e by t he pi ns a l o ne
—
Wh e n fu se d b e.

t w e e n j o i nt s o f gum pl a te t e e th filli ng the i nte rsti c e s b e t w e e n

,

t he pl a te a nd to o th u ni ti ng the wh o l e a s i n c o nti nu o u s gum

,

d e ntu re s a nd wh e re v e r p o rc e l a i n ha s h e re to fo re b e e n h e ld
,

m e ch a nic a lly aga i nst m e ta llic su rf a c e s g re a te r so l idi ty a nd pe r,

f e c tio n i n a l l o p e ra t i o ns o f t h i s cl a ss mu st ne c e ssa rily re sul t .

51 8 THE A R C H I V E S OF DEN T I S TR Y .

T he e na m e l may b e Ob ta i ne d f or d e nta l purp o se s f ro m j e w e l ry

supply h o u se s u nd e r t he na m e o f
-
whi te h ar d e na m e l o rby
“ ” -

b re a ki ng i t f ro m the f a ce o f a n ol d w a t ch di al I n e i th e r c ase i t
-
.

S h o uld b e g ro u nd i n a m o rt a r t o a n imp a lp a bl e p o wd er so t h a t ,

wh e n mix e d wi th w a te r t o the c o nsi st e ncy o f crea m a nd l a id o v er a

cr e vic e wi th a c a m e l h a i r p e ncil i t will p e ne trate i nto the sm all e st
-

i nte rst ic e s by lightly t a ppi ng t he pi e c e Thi s o p e ra ti on S h o uld b e

.

c onti nu e d o cc a si o na lly d ryi ng t he e xc e ss o f m o i st u re u nt il the

, ,

i nt e r sp a c e s a re e nt i re ly fill e d wi th the dry c ond e nse d p o wd er .

T he t e e t h m ay no w b e I nv e st e d a nd the pi e c e b ro u gh t to t he
re qui re d h e a t f o r fu si ng t he e na m e l u nd e r t he bl o w pip e As -
.

the h e at re qui si te f o r t hi s pu r p ose i s f a r b e l o w t he fu si ng p o i nt

of a n o f t he h ar d so ld e rs t h e r e w ill b e no d ang e r o f m e l t i ng t he
y
m e t a l A m ore sa ti sfa c tory a nd u nif or m re sul t h o w e v e r ca n b e
.

Ob ta i ne d wi th ou t i nv e stm e nt in a c o nti nu ou s gum furna c e

— — -
.

F r t hi s pu r p ose I ca n m o st h e ar t ily re c o mm e nd T h e P a rk e r
“
e
I mp ro v e d G a s F urna ce ”
.

Wh e re t he e na m e l i s o ut o f sigh t a sm a l l qu ant i ty sh o uld b e

,

l a id up o n a n e x tra pi e c e of m e ta l a l ongside f o r a gui d e a s to its ,

fu si o n ; the h e a t b e i ng sto pp e d as soo n a s the su rfa c e of t he

sa mpl e i s gl asse d Wh e re a n u nu su a l qu a nt i ty ha s b e e n u se d
.

t o fill wid e i nte r sp a c e s t he c o ntr a c t i o n of the m a ter i a l will o f te n

,

ne c e ssi ta te a se c o nd filli ng a nd fu si ng .

Fo r c r o w ns b e f ore g r i ndi ng I fi t pl a t i num b a cki ng a tr ifl e

, ,

l a r g e f o r the f a c e b e nd the pi ns to h o ld i t a nd lu te wi t h e na m e l ;
, ,

the e x te nd e d e dg e s o f the b a cki ng f or m a c o nv e ni e nt pl a c e up o n

which to l ay the m at e r i a l whil e t a ppi ng i t to pl a c e (I t i s h o p e d .

t h a t Op e r a t or s will b e re li e v e d f ro m thi s p a rt o f the O pe ra tibn by

m a nuf a ct u r e rs ) O th e r j o i nts b e t w e e n p or c e l a i n a nd m e tal m ay
.

b e lu te d b e f o r e or a f t e r c o mpl e ti o n o f the c r o w n .

I n t he c a se of the p a r ti a l d e nt u re m e nt i o ne d a b o v e the p a t i e nt ,

ha d l o st t he se c ond S u p e ri or bicu spid s a nd m o l ars wi th c o nsid e r

a bl e a b sor p t i o n o f t i ssu e Unde r or di nary ci r cum stance s this
.
,

w o uld h a v e b e e n a rtifici ally r e store d wi th pl a i n te e th a nd pi nk

r ubb e r u m a tta chm e nt t h o l d m t—
h o d o f g o ld so ld e r c a se s
g e e .

h a vi ng l o ng a go r igh tf ully go ne t o t he w a ll o n a c c o u nt o f i ts
unhygi e ni c i nflu e nc e s I n t hi s c a se h o w e v e r gu m pl a t e t e e th
.
, ,

w e re se l e cted b a ck e d fitte d a nd so ld e re d to pl a te wi th a nea tly

, , ,

fitte d rim a l ong the b u ccul e dge s of gum s Th e n the pi e c e w a s .

 SO C I E T IE S . 519

b o il e d f o r so m e t im e in dilu te a cid to re m o v e e v e ry t ra c e o f
b o ra x , t h e n i n a strong a lk a li a nd t h oro ughly cl ea nse d ( T he .

a lk a li cl e a nsi ng p ro c e ss by t he w ay i s c o nsid e re d by m e ta l
, ,

e na m e l e r s qui te i ndi sp e nsa bl e t o the p e rfe ct a t t a chm e nt o f t he

e na m e l
) A
. l l o f the j o i nts w e r e t h e n t a pp e d full o f the m o i st

e ne d e na m e l p o w d e r a nd t he pl a te r e st i ng up o n a pl a st e r and ,

a sb e sto s v a se w a s sl o wly b ro u ght t o the r e qui re d h e a t f o r f using

,

o ne fi ri ng w a s suffici e nt i n t hi s i nst a nc e e v e ry j o i nt b e i ng fill e d

p e r f e c tly wi th the h a rd vi trifi e d e na m e l T he d e ntu re wh e n .

fi ni sh e d p osse sse d e v e ry i ndic at i on o f b e i ng f ar m ore du ra bl e ,

a nd as f re e f r o m t he p o ssibili ty o f d e c o mp osi ng m a te r i a l s fi ndi ng

l o dgm e nt a s if c o nstructe d by the c o nti nu o u s gum p ro c e ss

,
.

I f thi s p rov e tr ue the ki nd of go ld w or k which w a s so du ra

,

bl e a nd b e a u t iful t h o u gh l o ng di sc a r d e d m ay a g a i n b e re store d
—

t o it s p r i st i ne gl ory .

S O UT HE R N ILLINOI S D ENTAL S O CIE T Y .

T he S ou th e r n I lli no i s D enta l S o ci e ty m e t a t Ch e ste r o n O c to ,

’
be r 2 l st f o r a t h r e e d a y s m e e t i ng
, Pre sid e nt D r G A ,
. . .

M c M il l e n A l ton i n t he ch a i r
, T he m ay o r of C h e ste r g a v e a n
,
.

a dd re ss o f w e lc o m e which w a s r e sp ond e d t o by t he p re sid e nt

, .

T he a tt e nd a nc e w a s g o o d a nd e a ch m e mb e r did hi s sh a re i n ,

m a ki ng t he m e e t i ng i ntere sti ng a nd p ro fi ta bl e .

T he f o ll o wi ng ne w m e m b e r s w e r e e l e c t e d : D r L B T o r . . .

re nc e , Ch e ster ; D r J E E nt smi ng e r Mu rphy sb o ro ; D r W

. . .
,
. .

E H o ll a nd J e rseyvill e and D r H M Pr ick e tt Du Qu o i n

.
, ,
. . .
,
.

P re sid e nt M cM il l e n d e liv e re d t he cu sto m a ry a nnu a l a dd re ss .

T he D e nta l P rof e ssi on of S o uth er n I lli no i s w a s the subj e c t ”

o f D r G W E ntsm in e r s
’
. .
g C a r b o nd a l e p a p e r
.
, ,
.

D r A H R a i ney C e ntra li a re a d a p a p e r o n I mpl a nta ti o n

. . .
, ,
“
,

a dv o c a t i ng t he u se o f m e ta llic ro o t s H e sta te d th a t t he o ld e st c a se .

he ha d w a s i nse r te d e igh te e n m o nth s a go a nd w a s givi ng p e rf e c t ,

sa t i sf a c t i o n H e u se s bl o ck tin e a st o nto a L o g a n c ro w n t he
.
, .
'

m e talli c r o o t i s e nl a rge d a t a p o i nt a b o u t o ne t hi rd o f a n i nch -

f ro m the ne ck o f the t o o th S h a pi ng i t so a s to b e re ta i ne d i n the

,

So ck e t m e ch a ni c a lly t he r o o t is p o li sh e d b e f o re i nse rt i ng T he .

d o c to r i s qui te e nthu si a stic o n the subj e c t b u t ni a d e no c o nv e rts ,

a t t he m e e ti ng .
520 THE A R C HI VES OF DE N T I S TR Y;

D r . C J M cB ride o f P erryvill e Mi sso u r i rea d a p a p e r

. .
, , ,

e nt i tl e d Half da y in the Office

,
-

D r J E B re ch t se nt i n a n a cc o u nt o f a n i nte re st i ng c ase a n
. . .
,

a b st ra c t o f which a pp e ar s o n a no th e r p a g e .

D r A H F ull e r o f S t L o ui s re a d a p a p e r e nt i tl e d
. . .
,
Pulp .
,
“

C a ppi ng which wil l a pp e ar i n o ur ne x t i ssu e

”
,
.

D r C B R o hl a nd A l to n re a d a p a p e r o n
. . . O p e rat i v e D e n
, ,

t i st ry
”
H e g a v e a g e ne ra l re vi e w o f t he subj e c t a nd b ro ugh t
.
,

f o r t h qui te a di scussi o n .

D r J J J e nne l l e r e a d a p a p e r o n
. . . T rea tm e nt of R o o t “

C a na l s a nd the S o ci e ty w ere so w e ll pl e a se d wi th i t th at t he
,
”

d o c to r w a s a sk e d to h a ve the p a p e r p r i nte d i n p a mphl e t so t h at ,

i t c o uld b e wid e ly di str ibu te d .

T he cli nic s w e re m e a g e r a nd c o nfi ne d t o g old filli ng s a nd the

t re a t m e nt o f a b ce sse d t e e th .

D uri ng the m e e ti ng a pp rop r i a te re sol ut i ons w e re d raf te d i n

m e m o ry o f D rs H o m er Judd a nd M D L aC ro i x . . . .

T he f oll o wi ng re so lu t i o n w a s p a sse d by a u na nim o u s v o te o f

t he S o ci e ty
R esol v ed Th at the S o ci e ty t e nd e r a v o t e o f t h a nk s to the ci t i
,

z e ns of Ch e ster f o r the ki nd e nte r ta i nme nt re c e iv e d a t t h e i r

h a nd s ; to t he a u th o r i ti e s o f the S o u th e rn I l l i no i s P e ni te nt i a ry
f o r the c o u r te si e s e x te nd e d i n sh o w i ng u s t h ro ugh the p r i so n
t o the C a i r o Sh o rt L i ne M o bil e O hi o and Wa b a sh C heste r , , ,

W e ste rn r a il ro a d s f o r r e duc e d ra te s to t he p ro p r i e to r o f the

Gra nd V i e w H o te l f o r his ho spi ta l i ti e s a nd e sp e ci al l y to the l o ca l ,

c o mmi tte e o f a r ra ng e m e nt s D rs A D P e nne y a nd D r L B ,

. . . . . .

T e rre nce .

N ex t a nnu a l m e e ti ng to b e h e ld i n E ast S t L o ui s o n t he 3 d .
,

Tu e sd ay in O c to b e r 1 891 ,
.

T he f o ll o wi ng o ffic e r s w e r e e l e c te d L T P hillip s N a shvill e . .

, ,

Pre sid e nt ; N H Ja ck so n G re e nvill e V ic e P re sid e nt ; W E

. .
, ,
-
. .

H o ll a nd J e rseyv il l e S e cre ta ry L B etts D uQuo i n Tre asu re r

, ,
.
, ,
.

T he f o ll o w i ng E x e cu t iv e C o m mi tte e w a s a pp o i nte d C C . .

C o r b e tt E d wa rd svill e ; J E B re ch t C a rro l to n ; R H C a ni ne
,
. .
,
. .
,

E a st S t L o ui s . .

T he se c re ta ry w a s i nstr uc te d t o p r o cu r e c o pi e s o f t he Ch e ste r
Cl a r i on co nta i ni ng m i nu te s of a nnu a l m e e t i ng a nd to h a v e the ,

sa m e se nt t o t he m e mb e r s o f the S o ci e ty .
 C e rre s pe nel e ne e .

E D IT O A R
R C HI V E S
T he e di tor of ( Mi ce a nd L a bora tor y j ump e d o n m e wi th
b o th fe e t i n July numb er
”
f or my a rt icl e o n m o d e ll i ng
-
co m

p o u nd f or imp re ssi o ns which S h o uld h a v e b e e n a nsw e re d soone r

a s I h a v e y e t ha d no o cc a si o n f o r ch a ngi ng my mi nd o r t a ki ng
, ,

t he b a ck tr a ck
”
o n the subj e c t W e a l l k no w o ur f ri e nd t he
.
,

a f o re sa id e di t or t o b e o ne o f o ur p ro g re ssiv e d e nt i sts b u t lik e

,

numb e r s of o th e r p ro g re ssiv e m e n i n t he p r o f e ssi o n he will “ ”

,

st ick t o so m e o f hi s ol d f o gy no t i o ns -

O r i n o th e r w or d s he i s ,
,
.

willi ng t o l e t ( as he thi nk s it) w e ll e no ugh a l one a nd c o u se

q u e nt ly s t ick s t o pl a st e r f o r imp r e ssi o ns

N o w whil e I h a v e nev e r th o ugh t m od e lli ng c o mp o u nd an

.

ide a l f or imp re ssi o ns I still a sse rt t h at it i s the v e ry b e st m ate r i a l

,

f or a l l ki nd s o f c ase s th a t the d e nta l p ro f e ssi o n k no w s a ny thi ng

a nd so I p r o p ose t o sti ck t o i t u nt il w e
,

o f a t t he p re se nt t im e

g e t so m e thi n g b e tt e r t h e n I will a d e p t t h at so m e t hi ng

b e tte r a nd l et ol d f ogi es sti ck to w ha t they m a y T he d o c to r

,
”
.

say s We ha d to m a k e a p arti a l c a se o ne ta k e n wi th m o d e lli ng

“
,

c o mp o u nd th a t the p a t i e nt ne v e r c o uld w e ar
,
A s f a r a s w ork .

m a nship w a s c o nc e rne d th e re w a s no thi ng t o c r i tici se e xc e p t —

f a vo ra bly i a the pl ate b ut t he tro ubl e w a s th a t the p l a te di d

—
,

no t f i t a nd i t did no t fit b e c a u se the imp re ssi o n mu st h a v e b e e n

b e nt or t wi ste d i n i ts wi t hd ra w a l f ro m t he m o uth A nd th e n he ”
.

w a nt s to k no w : C an D r S ta pl e s o r a ny o ne e l se p re v e nt t hi s ?
“

I say emp ha ti ca l l y ye s and S imply by k no wi ng how to use

.

m o d e lli ng c o mp o u nd
I h a v e m a de o ver i n the l a st t we nty six y e ars se v e ra l hu nd re d
.

, ,

c a se s o f p a r ti a l se t s m a d e by o th e r m e n wi t h imp re ssi o ns t a k e n
’
i n pl aste r th a t did n t fi t as f ar a s th a t i s c o nc e rne d a nd so m e
, , ,

o f t h e m a s p e rf e c t pi e c e s o f m e ch a ni sm to l oo k a t a s c o uld b e ,

b u t t h e y did n t fi t’
a nd S O i t i s wi t h a ny c ase pu t up by a

m e ch a nic w ho is no t a d e nti st ” “
A nd no w a s I liv e i n t he
S ta te wh e re D a vy C ro ck e t t di e d I will sugg e st hi s
.
,

m o t to t o
t he g o o d d o c to r ( whil e I h a v e ne v e r t ri e d t o f oi st a ny thi ng o n
,

a nyb o dy B e su re y o u a r e right th e n go a h e a d B ut t h e n I ”
.

) ,
.

w o uld a sk i n c o nclu si o n did it e v e r sugg e st i tse lf to him

, ,

o r a ny o th e r
’
a l l pl a ste r c ra nk s th a t t h e y d o n t k no w ho w to
”

S TA P LE S
, ,

t ak e a n imp re ssi o n wi th m o d e lli ng c o mp o si ti o n ? .

( 52 1 )
 E di to ri a l .

A CA S E OF REFLE X .

T he d e ta il s of a so m e wh at S i ngul ar c ase of re fl e x ne rv o u s
'

a c t i o n w a s p re se nte d t o t he S o u t h e r n I lli no i s D e nt a l A sso ci a ti o n

a t i t s l a te m e e t i ng a t Ch e ster by D r B r e ch t fro m which w e cull

, .
,

the f o ll o wi ng sy no p si s
Wi nter Par k F l or id a D e c e mb e r 1 889 a g e ntl e m e n suffer i ng
, , , ,

wi th i nt e nse t ooth a ch e c a ll e d a t my offic e and d e si re d to h a v e

,

the o ffe nsiv e m e m b e r e x tra c te d H e sa id he ha d suff e re d f or

.

the p a st t wo d ay s a nd c o uld e ndu r e i t no l ong e r A ski ng him .

which toot h w as tro ubli ng h im he p o i nte d t o t he se c ond r igh t

,

upp e r m o l ar An e x a mi na ti on S h o w e d th at he ha d l ost al l the

.

m ol ars a nd o ne bicu spid on the l e f t S id e l o w e r fi rst and ,

se co nd m o l ars o n the r igh t sid e r e m a i ni ng wi sd o m qui te so u nd .

T he fi r st a nd se c ond b icu spid a nd fi r st mo l ar r igh t sid e upp e r ,

se c o nd m o l ar som e wh at e l o ngate d but so u nd so m e S p a c e ,

b e t w e e n i t and the wi sd o m te e th w hich w a s a l so S o u nd N e i th e r

,
.

o f t h e se t e e t h g a v e a n re sp o nse t o e x tr e m e s o f h e a t o r c o ld o r
y ,

e vid e nc e o f sore ne ss o n p e r cu ssi on B ut t w o sm a ll c a vi ti e s of

.

d e c ay w er e f o u nd i n the r e m a i ni ng t e e t h ne i th er of which w e re ,

se nsi t iv e. Wh e n the p at i e nt di sc o v ere d th at I w as tryi ng t o

l o c at e the p a i n i n so m e oth er te e th or t e e th b e e xhibite d a g oo d
, ,

d e gre e o f imp a t i e nc e sayi ng ,

I k no w which to oth i s a chi ng
“

m e a nd I w a nt i t o ut
,
”
Wh en I to ld him t h at I f e l t c o nfid ent
.

t h a t the tro ubl e w a s not i n t h a t t e e th o r e v e n ne ar i t he b e c a m e ,

m o re i mp at i ent sayi ng if I did no t w a nt t o e x tra ct t h at t o oth he

,

w o uld go e l se wh er e b ut wh e n to ld he c o uld go he se e m e d to ,

c oncl u d e he did no t wi sh to a nd at l a st c o nse nte d to w a i t u nt il

,

t he ne x t d ay b e fo re h a vi ng i t o u t L o c a l re m e di e s w e re a ppl i e d
.

wi th no p er c e p t ibl e b ehe fi t T he p a i n w ou ld shif t f ro m the

.
“

te e th to the e y e a nd t e mpl e Af ter t wo h ou rs of thi s ki nd of

.

tr e a t m e nt the p a i n se e m e d t o a b a t e a li t t l e and my p a t i e nt ,

re t u rne d to hi s h o te l t o r e p or t the ne x t m or ni ng if no b e t t er As .
,

I a nticip a t e d he r etu rne d : he ha d not sl e pt a m o m e nt on a cco u nt

,

o f the i nt e nse p a i n Ch ee k s d e c id e dly flu sh e d and he re p ort e d a

.
,

( 522 )
 ED T O
I R IAL . 5 23

s ligh t chill du r i ng the nigh t c a u se d he sa id by the e xt re m e , , ,

p a i n W a s c o nvi nc e d th a t the tro ubl e w a s no t i n the a nt rum

.
,

a nd to ld him t h a t he m u st l o o k e l se wh e r e f o r the c a u se o f t he

pa i n f ro m which he w as suff e r i ng Wi t h much f e e li ng he sa id .

if I w o uld ta k e o ut the to o th al l t he tro ubl e w o u ld e nd i n a li ttl e

t im e. H a vi ng l ost the o ccludi ng te e th the too th i n qu e sti on ,

w a s o f li ttl e u se I th ere fore c o nse nte d to a cco mm od ate hi m by

.

e x tra c t i ng t he o ffe nd e r b u t a ssu r e d him t h a t the o p era t i o n w o uld

no t e nd hi s t ro ubl e a nd a l so t h a t p u s w a s f o r mi ng i n so m e p a r t
,

o f the b o dy a nd t h a t he w o uld h e ar f ro m i t b e f ore he w a s r e

,

l ie v e d. T he to o t h w a s e x t ra c te d a nd the p a i n di sa pp e a r e d
m o m e nta rily B e f ore l e a vi ng the Offic e the p a i n ha d st a rte d
.

b e l o w the e ye H e w o uld not a dmi t th a t it w a s a s b a d a s i t ha d

.

b e e n b ut f ro m hi s l oo k s I j udge d it t o b e se v e re My p at i e nt
,
.

styl e d him se lf d o c t or H e b e l o ng e d t o t h a t cl a ss o f re m ar k
.

a bl e h e a l e r s w ho cl a i m t o cu r e a l l ill s to which fl e sh i s h e i r by ,

t he l a yi ng o n o f h a nd s Ch r i sti a n sci e nc e m a ssa g e e tc

,
b ut i n , ,
.
,

hi s o wn c a se he f a il e d t o c onquer the to o th a ch e I .

c o uld not t h e r e f o re p re v a il up o n him to ta k e any re m e di e s I

sugg e st e d . T he o nly re m e dy he w o uld t a k e u nd er a ny ci r cum
sta nc e s w o uld b e sug a r pill s H e l e f t my o fli ce sayi ng he
.
,

w o uld b e a l l r igh t b e f o re l o ng I a ssu re d hi m th a t I h o p e d he

.

migh t b e b u t hi s sayi ng so did no t m a k e i t so H e a sk e d i n

,
.

wh a t p ar t o f hi s b o dy t he a b sc e ss or pu s to which I ha d re f erre d
f or mi ng My a nsw e r w a s e i th e r i n y o u r liv e r o r b o w e l s
.
,
.

H e l e f t my o ffic e Tu e sd ay 1 1 A M I h e ard no thi ng m o r e o f . .

him u ntil F rid ay P M wh e n I i ndi re c tly h e ar d th a t the d o c to r

. .
,

w a s v e ry ill a nd ha d se nt f Or a h o m oeo p a t hic phy sici a n

, At .

P M o nS a tu rd ay I w a s c all e d by a m e sse nge r to go t o

. .
,

the h o t e l a s qui ckly a s p o ssibl e to se e a v e ry si ck m a n T he .

m e sse ng e r c o uld no t te ll m e w ho i t w a s Wh e n I re a ch e d the .

h o te l a nd w a s ta k e n t o the ro o m o f the sick m a n I f o u nd i t w a s ,

my to o th a ch e p a ti e nt the d o c to r D r Sug ar Pill s w as p re se nt

, . .
,

a nd wh e n I a sk e d wh a t I w a s c a ll e d f o r w a s to ld t hi s m a n i s
,
’

bl e e di ng to d e a th O n my re fu si ng t o do a ny thi ng i n co nj unc
.

ti o n wi th a h o m oeo p a th D r Sugar Pill s a t o nc e l e f t the r o o m

, . .

I fo u nd the p ati e nt i n a co m a to se c o ndi ti o n pul se l e ss a nd ra pidly ,

si nki ng . I c all e d D r H e nkl e a s quickly a s p ossibl e a nd a dmi n

.
,

iste re d b ra ndy t o the dyi ng m a n a s f a st a s he c o uld b e m a d e to

5 24 TH E A R CH I V E S or DE N T I S TR Y .

s w a ll o w i t I l e a r ne d t h a t a t 7 o cl o ck o f t h a t d ay the p at i e nt
.
’

ha d p asse d a l arge qu a nt i ty o f pu s by t he b o w e l s S o o n a f te r .

h e m orrh ag e se t i n a nd ha d c o nt i nu e d u ntil my arriv a l My .

f r i e nd D r H e nkl e w a s soo n a t the b e d sid e a nd t h ro ugh the

, .
, ,

a dmi ni stra t i o n o f i nj e c t i o ns of t a nnic a cid a nd o t h er m e ans we ,

s ucc e e d e d i n a rre st i ng t he h e m orr h a g e B e e f t e a a nd b ra ndy .

w e r e giv e n a t sh o r t i nte r v a l s Wi th the re a c t i o n c a m e f e v e r .

-

a nd d e li r ium which w a s m e t a nd o ve r c o m e Q ui ni ne w a s
, .

a dd e d t o the b e e f t e a a nd b ra ndy a l so t e a sp o o nf ul d o se s o f ,

L i ste r i ne which I b e li e v e did a s much a s a ny thi ng to br i ng a b o u t

,

hi s r e c o v e ry T he d o c to r re c o v e re d hi s h ea l th and i s f or a ugh t
.
, ,

I k no w p ra c tici ng his r ubbi ng , o n o th e r p oo r d e lude d m or tal s

, .

IN STRU CTION S T AB LE S AN D D IAGRAMS FO R T H E ,

E XAM INATION O F HUM AN C RANIA .

‘
Th ugh t h p li t n
ro f t h Cu t f t h I nv tig t i n
e o e e ss o e ra or o e es a o ,

D rJ h n J R P t ick w h v
. o c iv d n dv nc h t f
. . a r ,
e a e re e e a a a e s ee o

t h I n t u c ti n T bl
e s r nd Di g m f t h E x mi n t i n f
o s, a es a a ra s or e a a o o

H um n C ni p p d nd i u d by th d ct cti ng und
a ra a, re are a ss e e o o r, a er

th u th i ty f th A m ic n D nt l A ci t i n
e a or o e er a e a sso a o .

T he h e e t sh o w s c a re ful t h o ugh t a nd p a i nsta ki ng l a b or in i ts

s

p re p a ra t i o n the r ul e s w e ll t h o ugh t o ut a nd the di a g ra m s cl e ar ,

a nd r e a dily u nd e rsto o d .

T he fi r st p a g e s u nd e r the h e a di ng R ul e s to B e O b se r ve d in
,

t he E x a mi na ti o n o f P r e hi sto r ic C ra ni a c o nt a i n a c o mpl e t e
”
,

illu stra t e d se t of r ul e s f o r the guid a nc e o f the ex a mi ne r .

I mm e di ate ly fol l owi ng t h e se the d o ctor ha s a dde d a f e w sug ,

ge st i ons a s a fu r th er guid e givi ng the d e fi ni ti o n o f so m e o f the ,

t e r m s a d o p te d i n t he r ul e s a l so hi s e st im a te o f t he v al u e o f the
f a ci a l a ngl e a s a te st f o r i nte ll e ct u al f a cul ti e s which b e pro ,

no u nc e s a lm o st ni l e tc e tc T he ta bl e s f or re co r di ng the
,
.
, .

o b se r v a t i o ns a nd i nf or m a t i o n d e si re d a pp e a r t o b e a dmi ra bly ,

ar r a nge d wi t h c o l or e d di a g ra m s o f t he t e e t h
,
pr op e rly nu m ,

b e re d and a c o mpl e te li st o f the m ark s and S ig ns u se d t o i ndi

,

c a te t he v ar i o u s c o ndi ti o ns o f t he t e e th a nd j a w s o f t he c ra ni a

e x a mi ne d T he ta bl e s wi th i nstr uc ti o ns can b e o b ta i ne d i n
.
, ,

b o o k f or m or t he ta bl e s i n si ngl e she e ts by a ddre ssi ng t he

, ,

CURA T O R D r J o h n J R P a t r ick B e ll e vill e I l l

,
. . .
, ,
.
 ED I T ORIAL . 5O 5L
~

A GENEROU S AN D HEROI C D E N TI ST .

The E nt p i N w Gl g w N S
er r se , S tu d y O e as o ,
. .
,
a r a ,
ct . 1 8th,
publi sh e d a g ra phic a cc o u nt o f a m o st di sa strou s a nd h e ar t b re a k -

ing shipw re ck a t L i ttl e H a r b o r Su nd ay nigh t t he 1 2th by which , , ,

1 6 m e n l o st t h e i r liv e s T he v e sse l w as the b a rqu e M e l o n E rly

.

which sa il e d f ro m Q u e b e c O ct l st b o u nd f o r G re e no ck C a p t
,
.
, ,
.

Al se n and c re w of 22 m e n O n Su nd ay nigh t the 5th th e y .

, ,

e nc o u nte re d a h ea vy g a l e f r o m whi ch the ship S p r u ng a l e a k

a nd so o n b e c a m e w a te r l o gg e d a nd u nm a na g e a bl e Th e y fl oa te d .

aro u nd a t the m e r cy O f t he wi nd s a nd w a v e s u nt il Su nd ay th ,

1 2 th a t 2 P M . wh e n th e y struck a l e dge a t P ey s I sl a nd L i ttl e

.
,
’
,

H arb o r Sh ortly af te r wa r d the c a pta i n and 1 5 m e n sta rte d i n the

.

’
ship s l o ng b o a t t o re a ch t he sh ore b u t t he su r f a nd a wful f o r c e ,

of t he u nd e r to w w as such t h a t o nl y o ne m a n t he Q u e b e c pil o t , ,

re a ch e d t he sh o re E v e ry e flo rt to l a u nch a b oat w a s tr i e d b ut
.
’

the se a w a s su ch t h a t no b oa t c o uld liv e Du ri ng t he nigh t t w o .

?

se a m e n succ e e d e d i n r ea ch i ng sh o re by s w imm i ng .

O n M o nd ay nigh t D r E P M cL e a n a d e nt i st of B o sto n o r
. . .
, ,

a niz e d a r e scui ng p a r ty a t N e w G l a sg o w a nd p r o c e e d e d t o t he
g
sc e ne o f t he di sa ste r which t h e y re a ch e d at A M T he
, . .

w re ck c o uld b e se e n a b o ut 1 00 y a rd s f ro m the S h or e a di sm a nt ,

l e d di sa bl e d hull wi th g e a r t a ckl i ng a nd e v ery thi ng g o ne

, , , .

D r M cL e a n a nd his p a r ty se t a b o ut a t o nc e t o d e vi se so m e
.

m e a ns t o re a ch the di stre sse d a nd shipw re ck e d suffe re rs T he .

do ct or a nd W a tki ns Willi a m s an E nterp r i se re p or te r di sce rne d

,
’
the b a r qu e s lif e b o a t a b o u t a
-

! of a mil e d o w n t he b e a ch b ut sligh tly

d a m ag e d ; thi s w a s sp e e dily re p a i re d a nd with the a id of ne igh
b o r i ng f ar m e rs w a s soon c o nv e y e d a l ong the b e a ch to a p o i nt o p
osite the w re ck A t 1 0 A M su ffici e nt h e lp ha d b e e n se cu re d
p . . .

t o l a u nch the b o a t c o nta i ni ng t he f o ll o wi ng re scui ng p a rty : D r

E P M cL e an W a tki ns Willi a m s C ap t P G ra h a m J a m e s
.

. . . .
, , ,

M cG l a sha n D a ni e l F ra si n a nd A B o u dra t
,
A f te r a se v e re . .

str uggl e t he re scu e rs succ e e d e d i n re a chi ng t he w r e ck a nd i n a ,

f e w se c o nd s t he r e m a i ni ng su r viv o rs w e re l o w e re d by a ro p e
’
i nt o the b o a t a nd w e re b ro ugh t sa f e ly to sh o re D r M c L e a n s . .

p r o mp t a c ti o n i n o rga nizi ng a r e scui ng p a r ty w i th a l l the ne c e s

sa ry suppli e s , e v e n t o pl e nty o f d r y cl o thi n g f o r t he sa il ors a nd ,

p ayi ng a l l e xp e nse s is highly c o m m e nd e d a nd g re a t p ra i se w a s ,

a w a r d e d him f o r his p ro mp t gc ne rt m s a nd h e ro ic a c t i o n
,
.
.
 Pa t e nts .

P A T ENTS
AN D T RA D E M ARK S RELATING -

T O D ENT I ST RY .

ME R H IG D ON H IG D O S lici t
SS S . f U ni t d S t t nd N o o rs o e a es a

F ig n P t nt ffi c
ore m 2d fl
a e I O O F Buildi ng
s, o e roo s o or . . . .
,

N i nth nd O li t t S t L ui nd in L D it Buildi ng
a ve s re e s, . o s, a e ro ,

Wa shi ng to n D C ,
. .
,
re p ort t he f o ll o wi ng p at e nts f ro m S e p te m
b e r 20th to O c to b er
. 20th, 1 890

— D e nt a l T o o l F T V an W oe rt B ro o kly n N Y ,
. .
, ,
. .

4 3 7, 3 1 9— D e nta l E ngi ne E Th o mp son S an F ra nci sco C a l ,

.
, ,
“

4 3 7, 070— I nh al e r F W W ie seb ro ck N e w Yo rk N Y
,
. .
, ,
. .

4 3 7, 4 81 — Sy r i ng e Anni e H a nd M G C olli ns C a md e n N J
,
. .
, ,
. .

—
H e a d Pro te ct i ng R e spi rator J C Je nse n D enm ark ,
. .
,

K a ns
T ADE MA
.

R -

R KS .

—
D e nt a l Pre p ara t i on Th o m as P re sc ott M o re y B a ng o r , , ,

Me A pplic ati on fil e d S e p te mb e r 4 1 890 ; u se d

.
,

si nc e S e p te mb er 1 5 1 888 t he w or d O b tu ndo — “
, ,
.

— D e nta l G o o d s and M at e ri al s of A ll K i nd s R ich a r d S ,

.

Willi a m s N e w Y or k N Y A pplic a t i o n fil e d S e p
, ,
. .

t e mb e r 22 1 890 ; u se d si nc e M ay 1 1 879 , A m on , .

o g ra m c o mp ose d of the l e tte r W a nd t he l e tte rs “ ”

R S b oth o f sm a ll er siz e t h an the W a nd ar

”“ “
,

r a ng e d o ne wi t hi n e a ch m e mb e r o f the W “

A LB AN DE N TAL DE P O T ME MP HI S TEN N D r R I Pe a r , ,
—
. . .

so n Co of t he K a nsa s Ci ty D e nt a l D e p o t
.
,
a nno u nc e t h a t ,

h a vi ng pu r ch a se d the M e mphi s D e nta l D e p o t th e y will i n , ,

fu tu r e c a r ry a full a nd w e l l se l e c te d sto ck o f d e nta l suppli e s

,
.

T he ne w h o u se will b e u nd e r the m a nag e m e nt a nd di r e c t sup e r

vi si o n of M r L e e Du tro f o rm e rly t ra v e li ng re p r e se nta tiv e of
.
,

the K a nsa s Ci ty h o u se .
 ’
Be e f? I Z e tie e s .

DEN T AL SU R GE R Y f o r M e dic a l Pra c ti t i o ne rs a nd Stud ents o f

M e dici ne By A W BA R R E TT M B ( Lo nd on)
. . .
,
. .
,

D e nta l Su rg e o n to the L o nd on H o spi ta l and L ee ,

tu re r o n D e nta l Su rge ry i n the M e dica l Sch oo l S e c o nd E di t i on . .

I llu stra t e d Phil a d e lph i a : P Bl a ki ston S on C o 1 01 2 W al

. .
,
.
,
~

nu t st re e t 1 890.

Thi s w o rk a s i ts na m e i ndic a te s has b e en p re p a r e d f or the

, ,

u se o f m e dic a l p ra c t i t i o ne r s a nd stud e nts I ts a u t h or f o r m a ny .

,

y e a rs a te a ch e r and l e c tu re r up o n d e nta l su r ge ry in the L ond o n

M e dic a l Sch o o l a nd H ospi ta l re c o g nizi ng the ne e d s o n the , ,

p ar t of the m e dic a l p ra c ti ti o ner s o f so m e k no wl e dg e o f the ,

g e ne ra l p r i ncipl e of d e nt a l su rge ry a nd the f a ct th a t the w a nt ,

o f t im e f o rbid s the study of e xh a u st iv e w ork s up o n thi s subj e c t ,

ha s h e re suppli e d the m e a ns o f g a i ni ng thi s k no wl e dg e

wi th the e xp e ndi tu re of a limi te d a m o u nt of t im e a nd study .

H is a i m as giv e n in the p re f a c e ha s b ee n to giv e up o n d e nta l

, ,

m a tte rs j u st so m uch p ra c tic a l i nf orm a ti on a s m ay suffic e the

m e dic a l stud e nt or p ra cti t i one r in the w ork o f his p ro fe ssi o n .

T he ne e d of m o re i nf o r m a tio n o n the p ar t o f the m e dic a l p ro

f e ssio n i n thi s c o u nt ry o n sp e ci a l d e nta l subj e c ts i s fully re c o g
niz e d Thi s li ttl e b o o k c o nta i ns much o f the ne e d e d i nfo rm a
.

t i o n a nd sh o uld fi nd a pl a c e in e v e ry m e dic a l p ra cti ti o ne r s

’
,

lib rary .

I REGULA R I T IE S OF T HE TEE T H AN D THEIR TREA TM EN T : By

R

E U G ENE S TAL B O T M D . P ro f e sso r o f D e nta l S u r

,
. .
,

g e ry in the W o m a n s M e dic a l C oll e g e L e c tu re r o n D e nta l

’
,

Pa th o l o gy a nd Su rg e ry i n R u sh M e di c a l C o ll e g e Chic a go , .

S e c o nd E d iti o n re vi se d a nd e nl a rg e d w ith 2 34 illu stra ti o ns

, .

P hil a d e lph ia : P Bl a ki sto n S o n C C ; 1 890

.
,
. .

( 527)
5 28 TH E A R C HI VE S OF DE N T T
IS R Y .

A SY T E M OF O S AL SU R G ERY B e i ng a T re a t i se o n t he D i s
R

e a se s a nd Su r g ery o f the MOU T H JA WS F A C E TEE T H AN D , , ,

A S S O C I AT I AT E PA R TS By JA M E S E G A R R E T S ON A M
. MD .
, . .
,
. .
,

P ro fe ssor of t he M e dic o Chi ru rgic a l H o spi tal a nd -

E m e ri tu s Pro fe ssor of O ra l and Genera l Cli nica l Su rge ry in the

M e di co Chi r u rgic a l C oll e ge ; D e a n of the Phil a d e lphi a D e nt a l
-

C ol l e ge ; Surg e on i n ch arge of the H o spi t a l o f O ra l Su rg ery ;

M e mb er of t he Phil a d e lphi a C o unty M e dic a l S o ci e ty e tc e tc ,
.
,
.

I llu strate d wi th num e ro u s w o od cuts a nd ste e l pl a te s Fifth .

e di t i o n. Th oro ughly rev rse d wi th a ddi ti ons J B L ippi n

, . . .

c o tt C o mp any Phil a d e lphi a ; 1 890 P r i ce

,
.

TH ES T U D EN T S MANU AL AN D H A N D BOOK F O R T HE DEN TA L

’ -

L AB ORA TO R Y : By L P H AS KE LL Profe ssor of Prosth e tic D e n

. .
,

t istry ,
D e nt a l D e p art m ent of the Nor thw e ste r n Univ ersi ty ,

Chic a go S e c ond e di t i o n t o w hich i s a pp end e d D r E H

.
, . . .

Angl e s Sy ste m of A ppli anc e s f o r C orre cti ng Irre gul ar i t i e s

’
.

T he Wilmi ngt on D e nta l Mfg C o Phil a d e lphi a ; 1 890 Pr ic e

. .
, .
,

A C O M PE OF CHE M I S TR Y : I norga nic and O rganic ; I nclud

N D I UM

i ng U r i na ry A na ly si s By H E N R Y L E FFM AN N M D
.
,
. .
,
’
P rofessor of Ch e mi stry i n t he Wo m a n s M e dic a l C o ll e g e o f ,

P e nnsylv ani a i n the P e nnsylv a ni a C oll e ge of D ent a l Surgery

,

a nd i n t he W a g ne r F r e e I nst i t u t i o n o f Sci e nc e ; F o o d I nsp e c tor

f or the P e nnsylv a ni a B o a r d of A g r icul tu re Thi rd e di t i on .

,

re vi se d . Phil a d e lphi a : P Bl aki ston S on C O ; 1 890 Pr ic e

.
,
. .
,

i nter l e a v e d f o r t a ki ng no te s
, ,

A CO EN D IU M o r DEN T AL PA T HOLOGY AN D DE N T AL ME D I
MP

C INE : c onta i ni ng t he m o st not e w o r thy p o i nt s up o n subj e ct s o f

i nter e st to the d e nt a l st ud e nt By G E O W W AR R E N . . .
,

Cli nic a l Chi e f P e nnsylv a ni a C oll e ge o f D e nta l Su rgery I llu s

,
.

t ra t e d
. Phil a d e lphi a : Bl a ki ston S on C O ; 1 890 P ric e
,
. .
,

i nterl e a v e d f o r taki ng note s

,
,
 S UC C E S S O R TO

Mi ss ouri D enta l J ourna l , a l so Cons ol i da te d wi th lll ow E ngl a nd J ourna l of D entistry .

VOL VI I
. .
,
N o . D E C E MB ER ,
1 890 . N E W SE R I E S
[ .

r igirrei l fi rtie l e s .

N o a r ti cl e pu bl i shed i n thi s d epa rtm ent tha t ha s been r ea d bef ore

w i l l be
an y soci e ty o r ha s appea r e d i n a ny p u bl i ca ti o n .

T he ed i tor d oes not hol d hi m se lf r esponsi bl e i n a ny se nse f or the v i e ws

, ,

ex pr essed by the a u tho rs of o r ig i na l a r ti cl es .

A ny a r ti cl e i nte nded f o r th i s d epa r tm e nt shou l d be r ece i ved by the fi rst

of the m o nth p r e v i o u s to i ts bl i ti n — E d
p u ca o .

S OM E OF T HE A B U S E S OF C R O W N AN D
B RI D GE W ORK .

BY WALT E B ARTLE TT
R M . LOUI , ST . S, MO .

Th e re ar e m any p o i nts i n c ro w n a nd b ridg e w o r k re qui r i ng

p a rtic u l ar a t te nti o n w hi ch m a ny o p e ra tors se e m e nti re ly to o v e r
l o o k i n the c o nst ruct i o n o f thi s S p e ci a l cl a ss o f w o rk I t migh t .

b e o f i nte r e st to y o u to t u r n y o u r a t te nti o n in t hi s di r e c ti o n .

I n the fi rst pl a c e the u se o f c ro w ns ha s b e e n a bu se d to a g re a t

,

e xt e nt by t he c ro w ni ng o f a l l cl a s s o f so m e o f which a re .

o nly fi t t o b e c ro w ne d by a g o o d st ro ng p a i r o f f o r c e p s Th e se
, . .

roo ts m a
y b e divid e d i nto th re e cl asse s fi r st th o se th a t h a v e ,
5 30 TH E A R C HI VE S or DE N T T IS R Y

b e e n i n a di se a se d c o ndi ti o n f or y e a rs a nd h a v e b e e n a so ur c e o f
c o nst a nt i rr i t a t i o n t o t h e i r o w ne rs se c o nd t h o se t h a t a re o nly
,

h e ld i n by t he i r gum a tta chm e nts ; t hi rd th o se wh o se w a ll s ,

h a v e b e e n f ra c t u re d sa id f ra c t u re o nly e x t e ndi ng d o w n as f ar
,

a s the p ro c e ss .

A s t he re sul t o f m a ny i nqui r i e s i nre g a r d to t he cl a ss fi rst m e n

t i o ne d I fi nd t h a t th e m aj o r i t y o f o p e r a t ors a f te r sp e ndi ng w e e k s
,

a nd e v e n m o nt h s i n c a r e ful p r e p a r a t o ry tre a t m e nt h av e m e t ,

w i t h v ery li ttl e succ e ss i n c r o w ni ng such c a se s Th e y i nv aria .

bly c a u se so m e a nnoy a nc e t o the p a t i e nt I n the m aj o ri ty o f .

c ase s t he t r o ubl e i s tha t of i nfl a mm a t i o n o f t he su rr o u ndi ng t i s

su e s c a u se d by t he c o nst a nt m o vi ng o f t he r o o t du r i ng t he
, pr o
c e ss of m a st ic at i o n A f t er a ro ot ha s b e e n i n a di se a se d c o ndi
.

ti o n f or a y e a r o r m ore it i s qu e st i o na bl e wh e th e r tr e a t m e nt
, ,

h o w e v e r c are fully giv e n will pl a c e t h a t r oo t i n a c o ndi t i o n t o b e

,

c ro w ne d a nd d o the w or k o f the origi na l to oth .

T he se c ond cl ass i s b e y o nd the b o u nd s o f p ra c t ic a l d e nt i stry ,

a nd no o p e r a t o r w ho ha s a ny r e g ar d f o r hi s r e pu t at i o n will a t

t e m p t t hi s cl a ss o f c r o w n w o r k u nl e ss he ha s a m er c e nary o bj e ct
,

i n vi e w .

All w ho h a ve a tte mpte d the thi rd cl a ss h av e m a de m any fa il

u re s Wh e n t h er e i s a fra c t u re e x te ndi ng f ro m the c e ntre of
.

t he ro o t r u nni ng d o w n t o the p r o c e ss b o r d e r i n a sl a nt
, no ,

c r o w n can wi t h a ny sa ti sfa c t i o n b e p ro p e rly a dj u ste d o wi ng t o ,

t hi s m o v a bl e p o r t i o n o f the r oo t We re t hi s p orti on re m o v e d
.
,

the r o o t w o uld b e pl a c e d i n a po ssi ti o n i mp o ssibl e t o c r o w n .

Th e n a g a i n i n c a se the cr o w n i s succ e ssfully pl a c e d how l o ng

, ,

will i t l a st ? P ro b a bly no t m o re t h an a y e ar Th e r e i s b o u nd .

t o b e a d e c a yi ng o f the r oo t a t t he si t e o f the f ra c t u r e Fr o m .

d e c a y t h a t f ra ct u r e d pi e c e wil l so on b e c om e l o o se ne d a nd the
, ,

ch a nc e s a re th at i t will i n so m e w ay w or k i ts w ay o ut a nd as a ,

re sul t t h e re i s a cup t o a ccumul a t e f o o d whi c h will c a u se l a t e r

, , ,

o n a v e r y o ff e ns iv e
,
o d or A c a se of t hi s ki nd c a nno t b e f e r
.

r e l l e d w i t h o u t t he r e sul t s a l re a dy m e nt i o ne d Sh oul d the ro ot .

b e spli t d o w n throu gh i t s c e nt re t h e n a c ro w n c o uld b e u se d

,

wi th o ut f e ar of any b a d r e sul ts by b ra ci ng the r o ot wi th a strong

,

f e rre ll m a d e o f pl at i num l e tti ng i t e x te nd d o w n t o the p roce ss

,

b o r d e r t hu s a v o idi ng the p ossibili ty of a ny se cre t i ons ge tt i ng in

,

b e t w e e n the f ra ctu re d p arts T he differenc e b e tw e e n the tw o

.
 O RI G INAL A RTI C LE S . 531

ca se s e a n
‘

v e ry re a dily b e se e n I n o ne c a se t he re i s a l o o se
.
, , ,

di sc o nne c te d pi e c e o f t o o th st r uc t u re o nly h e ld in pl a c e by the

m e mb ra ne su rro u ndi ng it I n the o th e r c a se th e re a re t w o
.
,

fi r m p a r ts whi ch a re fi r mly h e ld i n pl a c e by th e i r b o ny so ck e t .

Th e se th re e cl a sse s o f r o o ts a re b e i ng c ro w ne d day a f te r d ay
by m e n w ho a re c o nsid e re d c o mp e te nt p ra c t i ti o ne rs a nd th e i r ,

o nly succ e ss i s t he sa t i sf a c t i o n o f k no wi ng th a t t h e y re ta i ne d
’
the r o o t or ro o ts f o r si x m o nth s o r a y e a r s t i m e
, ,
.

Th e se are o nly so m e o f t he a bu se s o f c ro w n w o rk to say ,

na ugh t o f t e e t h wh ich c o uld b e p ro p e rly fill e d t h a t a r e sa c r i ,

fi c e d f o r c ro w ns which ca n ne v e r t a k e t he pl a c e o f t e e t h p r o p
e r ly fill e d .

B ridg e w ork has ta k e nthe pl a c e of go ld pl a te s t o a c e rta i ne x t e nt .

S ti l l h o w e v e r g o o d a t hi ng i t m ay b e i t a l so i s g r e a t ly a bu se d
, ,
.

I n my mi nd a b r idg e i s no t a p r a c t ic a l de nti ture wh e n i t ha s t o

’

.
,

sp a n the e nti re a r ch supp o r t e d o nly by t h r e e o r f o u r ro o t s o r , .

say t e e th I t ha s no sup e r i o r i ty o v e r a g o ld pl a te i n such a

.

c a se b e c a u se the l at t e r c a n b e k e p t cl e a n whil e t he f or m e r can

, ,

no t a nd the b e st o f b r idg e s m u st b e re m o v e d a t t im es t o b e r e
,

se t. T he chi e f o bj e c t i o n t o a full c a se o f b r idg e i s i ts b e c o mi ng

l o o se which is no d o ub t c a u se d by the u nb a l a nc e d m o v e m e nt of
,

the ro o ts a s p r e ssu re o r w e igh t c a nno t b e b ro ugh t t o b e a r up o n

,

th re e sp a ns su r m o u nt i ng f o u r pi e c e s a t the sa m e tim e o ne pi e c e
will su re ly giv e w ay t o the u ndu e stra i n .

T he a bu siv e u se o f o p e n f a c e c r o w ns mu st no t b e o v e r l o o k e d
-
.

Th e se cl asse s o f c ro w ns f or b r idg e w o r k sh o uld ne v e r be u se d ,

as t h e y a re simply no t p ra c t ic a l We h a v e ye t to se e o ne which
.

will l a st a ny l e ng th o f t im e Th ey h a v e no stre ng th no r du ra
.

b il ity On. e o f t h e i r w e a k p o i nt s i s t he b a nd a ro und t he l a bi a l

su r f a ce o f the t o o t h whi ch i n c o u r se o f t i m e c ra ck s A no th e r is .

the f re e a cc e ss wh ich the se c re t i o ns h a v e to do t h e i r w o rk up o n

the c e m e nt which h o ld s t he c ro w n in pl a c e .

W e a r e t a ught th a t a c e m e nt filli ng is no t a p e r m ane nt o ne ,

and e sp e ci a lly sh o uld no t b e u se d b e l o w t he gum b o rd e r b ut w e

a re a dvi se d to u se o p e n f a c e c r o w ns a nd t o se t t h e m o n wi th
-

c e m e nt I f c e m e nt will no t l a st wh e n put i nto a c a vi ty of a

.

t oo th a t the gum li ne w e sh o uld ha rdl y i ma gi ne th a t it w o uld

,

l a st v e ry l o ng wh e n o nly p ro te ct e d by a thi n go ld b a nd pl a c e d
b e l o w the gum li ne w he re se c re ti o ns h a v e c o nti nu a l pl ay a t i t
, .
5 32 THE A R C HI VE S or DEN T I S TR Y .

An th o cl a ss o f b r i dge w o r k which sh ould b e d o ne a w ay wi th

er

i s wh a t i s c a ll e d pin b r idge s w h e r e p l a c e s a r e b r idg e d o v e r

, ,

g e tt i ng t he ne c e ssa ry supp ort by d r illi ng c a vi ti e s i nto so u nd

t e e t h t o i nse r t the pi ns ne c e ssa r y to su pp o r t the b r i dg e Thi s .

i s a cl a ss o f w o r k w hich simply will no t l a st o wi ng t o the l a ck ,

o f p r o p e r st r e ng t h r e qui re d t o supp o r t a d e nt i t ur e o f tha t sor t .

I f a g o o d to o th mu st b e sa c rific e d why not Cro w n the ne ce ssarv ,

t e e th a nd ge t so m e t hi ng f ro m the st ar t t h a t will b e o f l a st i ng
se r vi c e

I n my mi nd i t i s f a r b e t t e r t o h a v e a b r idg e r e st fully up o n
t he gum i nste a d o f h a vi ng a sh e lf lik e p r o j e c t i o n o v e r t he r idg e
-

I t i s sa id t ha t t he a dv a nta g e g a i ne d f r o m thi s cl a ss i s i ts cl e a nl i
ne ss a s t h e r e i s no w ay f o r t h e f o o d t o b e c o m e l o dg e d du ri ng the
,

p ro c e ss o f m a st ic a ti o n a s i s the ca se wi t h t he sh e lf p roj e ct i ng
,
-

b r idg e O ne w o uld na tu ra lly im a gi ne th a t f o o d c o uld fi nd i ts

.

w ay u nd e r ne a th b e t w e e n the gum a nd the t e e th b u t stra ng e t o

, ,

sa y the r e i s v e ry li t tl e t h a t e v e r fi nd s i t s w a y t o t h o se pl a c e s
,
.

I n cl o si ng I will o ffe r a sugg esti o n which m a y o r m ay no t

, , ,

b e ne w t o y o u I t i s t hi s
.

Fo r i nv e st i ng m a t er i a l I r e c o mm e nd c o mm o n m ou ldi ng sand
, ,

i n p ro p o r t i o n o f o ne ha lf pl a st e r a nd o ne h a lf sa nd
-

Aft e r -

a ll o wi ng t he m a ss t o se t har d t r im i t d o w n t o sui t t he c a se
,

i nv e ste d a nd th e n wi th a h a i r b r u sh p a i nt the upp e r su rfa c e wi th

,
-

a so lu t i o n o f b o r a x w a t e r T he a dv a nta g e o f t he u se o f sa nd a s
.

a n i nv e st i ng m at e r i a l i s t ha t f ro m the ch a ng e o f t he c o l or o f

the m a ss f ro m a d e e p y e ll o w t o a ligh t e r sh a de y o u ca n p e r c e iv e
t he e x a c t m o m e nt a t which y o u r c a se i s t ho ro ughly d ri e d o u t .

T he b o ra x has the p ro p e rty o f p re v e nt i ng the m a ss f ro m spli t

t i ng . I t s g re a t e st qu a li t i e s a re i t s str e ng th a nd no n c o ntr a c t ibl e -

p ro p e r ti e s i t h a vi ng a n a dv a nt a g e i n thi s r e sp e ct to p u mic e
, ,

a sb e sto s a nd o t h e r m a t e r i a l s g e n e ra lly u se d f or t hi s cl a ss o f w ork .

A LU M INU M .
—
p ro c e ss o f e x tra c ti ng t hi s m e ta l has b e e n
A ne w
di sco v e re d i t i s cl a im e d by which t he m e ta l can b e p r o duc e d
’

, ,

f o r a f e w c e nts a p o u nd P ro f J o se ph M H i rsh C hic a go I ll s

. . .
, ,
.
,

i s the o ne wh o m i t i s cl a i me d has so lv e d the p r o bl e m of e x tr a c t

i ng t he m e t a l f ro m a n a qu e o u s so lu t i o n .
 e e ie tie s .

OHIO
ST A T E D EN TAL S O C IE T Y .

T he O hi o S ta te D e nt a l S o ci e ty h e ld i t s six t h a nnu a l se ssi o n

i n the S e na t e Ch a m b e r C o lumbu s O , O ct 28th 99th a nd 30th ,
.
,
.
, ,

1 890 a nd w as o p e ne d w i t h p ra y e r by D r G l a dd e n
“

. .
,

D r W H S e dgwick o f G ra nvill e O d e liv e re d a nd a dd re ss

. . .
, ,
.
, .

F if ty y e ars a go the e x tra c ti o n o f te e th w a s l arge ly p ra ctic e d .

A m a n s a bili ty w a s ga uge d by his m e ch a nic a l skill Si nc e th e n

’ .

t h e re ha s b e e n qui te a ch a ng e which has b e e n w rou g ht by t he

a ge n cy o f i nt e rc o u r se so ci e ti e s a nd li t e ra t u re H e c o mp are d
,
.

the c he a p d e nt i st t o t he phy sici a n w ho w o uld a dv e r t i se b e st p r e ,

sc r ip ti o n fif ty c e nt s ; m e dium q u a li ty fif te e n c e nt s ; a l a wy e r
, ,

w ho ha d b e st o pi ni o ns p o o r o ne s
,
o r a mi ni ste r w ho ,

d e l iv e rs hi s se r m o ns i n j ob l o t styl e a nd a tte nd s Su nd ay sc ho o l
- -

i n t he b a rg a i n .

D e nta l stud e nts sh o uld sp e nd t w o o r m ore y e a rs i n o ffi c e

pupil a g e b e f o re e nte ri ng c o ll e g e a nd t h ey sh o uld no t b e r e c e iv e d
a t a l l u nl e ss t h e y a g re e t o sp e nd t h e i r t im e a nd a tt e nd the r e

qui re d c o ll e g e c o u rse b e f o re p ra c ti ci ng T he c o ll e ge sh o uld re cip .

r o c a t e a nd no t a cc e p t a st ud e nt w ho ha s no t ha d thi s p r e vi o u s

pupil ag e .

E ve ry p ra c ti ti o ne r sh o uld a tte nd a sso ci a ti o ns a nd th e se a sso ,

c ia t i o ns sh o uld b e e nl iv e ne d by cli nic s All sh o uld t a k e p a r t . .

a nd t he y o u ng e r m e m b e rs e sp e ci a lly W e ne e d a d e nta l l a w i n .

O hi o a nd t he tim e has c o m e to do so m e thi ng I t sh o uld b e m a d e

,
.

u nl a wful to e x tra ct te e th wh ich c a n b e sa v e d T he d e nta l pro .

f e ssio n d o e s no t i nv e st ig a te re a d a nd study e no ugh ,

A p ost .

g ra du a te co ursc w o uld b e a g o o d thi ng f o r a l l .

’
D SCI U S S ION or I R E SI D E N T S
'
AD D R E S S .

D R . H A
. . SMITII —
D rs . H i
a rr s T ayl o r w e re the fi rst to
an d
i na ugu ra te d e nta l s ch o o l s . Cl a ssic a l e duc a ti o n will in tim e b e
( 533 )
5 34 TH E AR C H I VE S or DE N TI S TR Y .

o ne o f qui si te s f o r a d m i ssi o n to d e nt al c oll e g e s T he th r e e

t he re .

’
y ea r s c o u rse i s the c a u se o f so m a ny st ud e nts thi s y e a r .

D R M H F LE T C HER z C a re ful o bse rv e rs p r o duc e the b e st

. . .
—

d e nt a l li te ra t u re .

D R G H WIL S ON
. . O ur c ol l e g e s a r e c o mi ng to re qui re b e t
.
—

t e r p r e vi o u s e duc a t i o n A sp e ci a l c o urse f o r digi ta l cul tu re

.

w o uld b e a go o d t hi ng O ur e xc e ll e nc e i n t he l a t t e r a cc o u nts.

f or o ur sup re m a cy o v e r G e r m a n d e nt i sts Th e y a re a l l b ra i ns . .

D R J T AFT z Sc ho o l s f o r i nst r uc t i o n i n t he diffe re nt b ra nch e s

. .
—
,

a nd g ra d e d s c hoo l s w o uld b e a g o o d thi ng T he cl a ss of stud e nt s .

t o d ay i s b e tt e r th a n fi v e o r t e n y e a r s a go
—
.

D R C R BU T LER
. . T he d e m a nd o f to da y i s f or b e tte r stu
.
- —

d e nts and b e tte r d e nt i st ry .

D R D R JENNING S
. . T he t ro ubl e wi th o ffic e pupil a g e i s
.
—

tha t the stude nt i s o nly ta ugh t ho w t o m a ster the b ro om c oa l '

scu tt l e di r ty fl a sk s 8 0
, ,
5 .

D R J TAF T
. . A stud e nt sh o uld b e a m a n of g o o d b r e e di ng
—
.

I t has b e e n u r g e d t h a t he sho uld b e e x a mi ne d by a n o culi st

b e f ore c o mm e nci ng .

D R F SAGE. . Y o u ng m e mb ers sh o uld tak e p art i n so ci e ti e s ;

—

a r r a ng e m e nt s sho uld b e m a d e so m e t im e b e fo r e subj e c t s a ssig ne d ,

a nd p e r so ns a pp o i nt e d t o o p e n t he di scu ssi o n o f t he sa m e
'

D en f

t a l st ud e nt s ne e d h a bi ts o f st udy so t h e y ca n g r asp e v e ry t hi ng ,

ta ug ht a t t he c o ll e g e D e nta l te a chi ng i s m o re to b e r e m e mb e re d
.

t h a n a lm o st a ny o t he r no t a ny S h o uld b e l o st —
.

D r F ra nk H a mil to n of C o lumbu s O
. l e ct u re d u p on S ur ,
.
,
“

g e ry o f the M o u th a nd J a w s e nliv e ni ng t he sa m e by p re se nt i ng ,
”

c a se s H e sa id t um o rs w e re t he m o st f re qu e nt ca u se ne ce ssi
.

t at i ng the r e m o va l of a j a w o r a p o r t i o n of i t Wh e n the \ .

sup e r i o r j a w i s to b e r e m o v e d a fla p i s di sse c t e d b a ck co mm e nc , ,

i ng a t t he c e nt e r o f the lip a nd c a rryi ng the k nif e aro u nd the

no se a nd up t h r o ug h the w r i nkl e u nd e r t he e y e Th i s l e a ve s .

li tt l e d isfi gura t i o n O ne o r tw o i nci sor te e t h a re ne x t e x tr a c te d

.

a nd t he na sa l a nd m o l ar p r o c e sse s a r e se v e re d wi t h the sa w and .

t he wh o l e di sl o dg e d wi t h stro ng pli e r s Bl e e di ng a r te r i e s are .

c a ugh t a nd i t i s so m e t im e s b e st to lig a te the c a ro tid Bichl or id e

,
.

so lu ti o n i s u se d t h r o ug ho u t t he o p e r a t i o n .

DI S C US S ION D r 0 R B u tl er : Th e re will b e li t tl e d isfi gu r

—
. . .
—

a t i o n if t he k nif e f o ll o w s t he na t u r a l d e p r e ssi o ns i n c u tti n g the

fla p .
 SO C I E T I E S . 5 35

D r J T a f t re a d a p ap e r by D r N S H ( fi of A nn Arb o r
. . . . ) , ,

M ic h Yo u r o l d m e n sh a ll d re a m d re a m s ; y o u r y o u ng m e n
,

sh a ll se e V i s i o ns
”
.

O ne p e r so n sugg e st s a c ha ng e i n o u r l a w s o ne th a t w e h a v e a
h o m e o n a hi g h m o u nt a i n i n G e o rgi a a no t h e r t ha t w e h a v e a
N a ti o na l B o a rd o f D e nta l E x a m i ne r s a nd a highe r d e g re e giv e n
than a nd a no t he r ha s o ff e re d a d e nt a l so ci e ty a id

t o w a rd s se cu r i ng i t a ho m e T he a u tho r su gg e st s t ha t t he O hi o.

S ta te S o ci e ty which ha s b e e n w a nd e r i ng a ro u nd h a v e a h o m e
. , ,

wh e re i ts se ssi o ns c o uld b e h e ld a nd c o nne c t e d wi th i t a lib ra ry , ,

a mu se um a nd f a cil i t i e s f o r cli nic s a nd l e c t u re s C o lumbu s t he .

,

c a pi to l w o uld b e a g o o d pl a c e b e i ng c e nt ra l a nd ha vi ng t he
, , ,

u su a l f a cili ti e s o f a l ar g e ci ty T he l o c a l a nd di str ic t so ci e ti e s .

c o uld b e a u x ili a ry to i t A fu nd a r o o m or buildi ng se cu re d .

,

wi th so m e o ne i n ch a rg e A ll the sp e cim e ns a ppli anc e s & c

,

.
, ,
.
,

c o nt ribu te d by m e m b e r s Sp e ci a li sts S h o uld b e se cu re d t o .

l e c t u re a t t he m e e ti ng o r o t h e r tim e s a nd a l o ng w i th thi s a de n , ,

ta l j o u r n a l d e v o t e d t o i t s i nt e re re st s .

D isc ussi on D R J TAF T T ll e sugg e sti o ns a r e no t i m po ssi

— . .
—

b l e a nd ca n b e ca r r i e d o u t if a l l w o uld ta k e p a r t a nd a id wi t h
m o ne y a nd al l t he sp e cim e ns a nd a ppl i a nc e s the y c a n S pa re .

D r F r a nk S a g e Ci nci nna ti O
. ne x t re a d a p a p e r e nt i tl e d
, ,
.
, ,
“
I ntim a te Di ag no si s o f L e si o ns E fle ct ing the Te e th '

.
”

I di o sy nc ra ci e s O f p e rso ns h av e much to do wi th l e si o ns of the

t e e t h b ut th e re a r e o f te n o th e r c a u se s a l so
, A p a ti e nt c o m e s .

f ro m so m e o th e r Op e r a tor a nd ig no ra nt o f wh a t ha s b e e n d o ne , ,

he i s a pt t o b e mi sl e d A ll c a u se s which a re no t di re c tly a sso

.

c i a t e d wi t h t he t ro u bl e if fi rst e limi na te d the di ag no si s is much

, ,

e a si e r T he p rej udic e a nd ig no ra nc e of t he p a t i e nt mu st b e
.

c o nsid e re d A p re vi o u s c o ndi ti o n sh o uld b e s tudi e d a nd i ts in

.
,

flu e nce a t the p re se nt t i m e w e igh e d th a t w e b e no t l e d to e rro r .

W e mu st no t b e i nflu e nc e d by m ore p ro b a bili ti e s T e e th o nc e .

a ff e c te d a r e qui te lik e ly t o b e mi sta k e n a s t he c a u se o f t ro u b l e

a hL
a
g
D isc ussi on— D R . OTT O A RNO D L I n ti nc t
s is a p re tty g o o d
guid e i n diffi cul t di ag no si s .

D R . R . D J ENN ING S
. Phy sici a ns k no w v e ry li ttl e
—
a bo u t t he
t e e th .

D R M H FL E T C I I E R z Pul p
. . .
—
sto ne s a re Of te n t he ca u se of

l e si o ns v e ry d ifli c ul t o f d ia gno s
5 36 TH E A R C HI VE S or DE N T T IS R Y .

D r . L E
Cu st e r of D a y t o n O re a d a p a p e r up o n Chl o
. .
, , .
,
“

r id e o f M e t hyl
”
.

Si nc e D r B A R O tto l e ngui i ntro duce d the e th e r sp ray f or

. . . .

Ob tu ndi ng se nsi t iv e d e nt i ne t he re h a v e b e e n a nu mb e r of such

a g e nt s i nt r o duc e d f o r t he sa m e pu r p o se .

Th e re ha s b e e n c o nsid e ra bl e c o nfu si o nr e g ardi ng the a cti o n of

v o l at il e a ge nt s f o r se nsi t iv e d e nt i ne D r O t te l e ng ui fi rst u se d . .

e t h e r supp osi ng i t t o d e hyd ra t e fu r t he r t ha n a lc o ho l o r ho t a i r

,

b u t i t d o e s no t b e c a u se i t ha s no a ffi ni ty f o r w a te r a nd b e c a u se
,

i t p ro duc e s c o ld w hich O ppo se se v a p o ra t i o n O f t he d e nt i ne s m o i s’

,

t ure . D r Cu rt i ss i n u si ng ni tr o u s o xid e i s l e d t o t he b e li e f
.

t ha t i t o b t u nd s b e c a u se i t d e hyd ra te s B ut t h a t i s a mi sta k e f or .
,

t he sa m e r e aso n a s f o r e t he r Wh e n the se a ge nt s o b tu nd se nsi .

t iv e d e nt i ne i t i s b e c a u se t h e y r e duc e t he t e mp e ra t u r e f a r b e l o w
,

nor m a l a nd t he cr o w n of t he t o o th b e i ng e a sily i so l a t e d i t i s no t
, ,

di ffi cul t t o r e duc e t he t e mp e ra t u r e so l o w a s to re nd e r i t e nt i r e ly
v o id o f se nsibili ty .

Cl o r id e o f m et hyl be i ng a n e th e r qui te l o w i n the se ri e s v o l ati ,

liz e s at 74 F a hr b e tw e e n e t h e r a nd rhig ol e ne a nd i s c ap a bl e of
.
°
.
,

r e duci ng t he t e mp e ra t u r e t o 4 0 b e l o w z e ro if ne c e ssa ry I t °
.
,

v o l a t iliz e s wi th c o nsid e ra bl e ra pidi ty wi t h the w a r m t h of the

h and a nd so d o e s a w ay wi t h a ny bl ast a pp a ra tu s I s not a s in
,
.

fl a mm a bl e a s e t h e r I s not a solv e nt of c o utcho u c a nd so i t m ay

.
,

b e c o nduc t e d th ro ugh a r ubb e r t ub e t o t he t o o t h a nd i t s flow

r e gu l a t e d by a t humb—sc r e w I t v o l a t iliz e s qui ck e r t h a n e th er so .
,

t hat t he su rr o u ndi ng p a r t s a re no t sa t u ra t e d .

I ts o bj e c t i o ns a r e t h a t i t i s a ge ne r a l a nae st h e t ic a nd a t the
p re se nt tim e ra the r c o stly I t i s a l l tha t D r R h e i n cl a im s f or . .

i t a nd i s t o b e p re f e rre d a s a c old p ro duci ng a g e nt f o r se nsi t ive

,
-

d e nt i ne .

B ut t he m o r e e xp e r i e nc e w e h a v e t he b e tt e r w e c a n c o ntro l
o u r p a t i e nt s by a so r t o f p e rso na l m a g ne t i sm a nd d e hyd r a t i on .

will a nsw e r our pu r p o se wi th o u t r e sort i ng to such d a ngero u s

m e th o d s as the r e ducti o n o f t e mp e ra tu re .

D i smi ssi on D R C R BU T LER —

Gene ra l anaesth e si a i s p ro b
. . .
—

a bly sligh t ly p ro duc e d w h ich a cc o u nt s f o r p a rt o f t he e ffe c t ,

.

D R J R CAL LAHAN
. . A so rt o f hyp no t i sm i s p ro duc e d wh e n
.
—

Ob tu ndi ng i s sugge ste d b y t he u se o f a lc o h o l o r hot chl oroform .

Fo r the w o rst c a se s a li t t l e ni tro u s o xid e i s e fle c tiv e ,

.
 SO C IE T IE S . 53 7

D R . OTT O A RNOL D will imp re ss the p a ti e nts t h a t —

I f yo u
e v e ry thi ng i s b e i ng d o ne t o e a se t he p a i n y o u will s ucc e e d T he ,
.

N il e s a ppa ra tu s which th ro w s a j e t of v a p o r i ng a lc oho l up o n

,

t he d e nt i ne i s v e ry e ff e c t iv e ,
A f e w i nh al a t i o ns o f chl o ro fo rm .

h a v e a g o o d e ff e c t .

D R C R BU T LE R
. . Sm a ll a m o u nts o f chl o ro f o r m a re v e ry
.
—

d a ng e ro u s I t w o uld b e a s sa f e a s ni tro u s o xid e if the p e o pl e

.

ha d a s much c o nfid e nc e i n i t .

D R H A SM I TH
. .D o c to rs di sa g re e a s t o th at D r H a m
.
—
. .

il to n say s e the r m ay b e u se d t o t he e t h e r gl o w wi th o u t a
“ ‘ ’

p a rticl e o f d a nge r Qu a ck s a re o f te n succ e ssful b e c a u se th e y

.
”
,

giv e a full d o se T he u se of such a nae sthe t ic s i s d a ng e ro u s b ut

.

qu a ck s lik e f o o l s r u sh in wh e re wi se m e n f e a r t o t re a d
, ,
.

D R P S BOLLINGE R
. . I h a v e t ri e d ne a rly a l l o b tu nd e nt s
.
-

b u t h a v e b e e n m o st succ e ssful in w o r ki ng up o n t he im a gi na t i o n
o f the p a ti e nt Pu r ch a se a fi rm h o ld o n t he i nstr u m e nt
. .

D R C R BU T LER z T he f ou nt a i n p e n a nsw e rs b e a u tifully a s

. . .
— -

a n i nst r um e nt f or u si ng v o l a t il e a g e nt s .

D R J TAF T. . T he r ubb e r cl o t h m u st b e u se d Th er e sh ou ld
-

‘
.

b e d e hyd ra ti o n a nd r e duc ti o n of t e mp e r a t u re C o ld i s so su c .

se ssf ul as a n o b t u nd e nt b e c a u se i t d o e s no t v ary lik e o th e r ,

a g e nts A c o mbi na ti o n of th e ra p e u ti c a ge nts migh t be u se d in

.

the N il es a to miz e r .

D r C R Bu tl e r Cl e v e l a nd O
. .
. P a p e r A M e ans o f H o ld
, ,
.
, ,
“

i ng t he R ubb e r D a m Whil e O p e ra t i ng U p o n L a bi a l Su rf a c e ,

C a vi ti e s .

M a ny a ppli a nc e s f or thi s pu rp o se h a v e b e e n d e vi se d b ut wh e n ,

a ppli e d a re Of te n v e ry p a i nful a nd difficul t t o c a rry t he r ubb e r

ove r .

I n t h ese v e ry l o w c a vi t i e s a h o l e i s d rill e d b e l o w t he m a rgi n

o f t he c a vity f a r e no ugh to a ll o w i t t o b e e xc a v a t e d a nd st ill

l e a v e e no ugh f o r stre ng th a nd i nto thi s h o l e pl a t i na ir idinum ,

-

o r g o ld w i re i s sc re w e d fi rst dippi ng i n ph o ph a te c re a m ,
T he s .

’
e nd i s c u t o fl wi thi n a n e igh t h o f a n i nch o f t he c e m e nt um a nd

t he r ub b e r c a rri e d o v e r t he p ro j e c t i ng p o i nt by whi ch i t i s ,

a f te r w a rd s h e ld S o m e tim e s t w o su c h pi ns w ill b e f o u nd ne c
.

e ssa ry .

I n p e rf o r mi ng t hi s p a rt o f t he w o r k ne v e r c u t a th re a d i n
t he c e m e ntum I f the sh o uld e re d sp e a r p o i nte d d rill is nic e ly
.
-
538 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN TI S TR Y .

ga ug e d to the wi re lik e t he S S W hi te re ta i ni ng scre w se t t he . .

-

wi re will c ut its o w n w ay i n .

Wh e n t he filli ng p ro p e r i s c o mpl e te d d re ss o ff the w i re pi ns ,

a s t h o ugh t he w e r e filli ng s
y .

D i scussi on D R J T TAF T z T he P a lm e r cl a mp s h a v e b e e n a
-

. . .
—

so u r c e o f pl e a su re i n my h a nd s Th e y fi t e a ch to oth so nic e ly .

t h a t g re a t st iff ne ss i s no t r e qui r e d .

D R H A SM I TH
. . I f a c hi se l i s r e ste d a g a i nst t he c e m e nt um
.
— .

a nd ligh t ly t a pp e d t he a ssi sta nt c a n e a si ly h o ld i t

,
Bl e e di ng .

gu m s c a u se mu ch t im e t o b e l o st .

D R F SAGE z S l i ar p e n t he l a rg e e nd o f a ste e l p e n a nd
. .
—

d r iv e I t i n the c e m e nt um Thi s ha s the g e ne ra l fo r m of t he .

f e sto o n o f the gum .

D R M H F LE T C HE R
. . Spu nk and dry pl a st er of p ari s u se d
.
—

wh e n t he 1 u bb e r l e a k s ta k e s up m oi stu re a nd se ts a dh e r i ng t o
, ,

t he t e e t h a nd r ubb e r .

,D R CHA S MILE S z T hr u st a h e a t e d i nstr um e nt t h ro ugh the

. .
—

r ubb e r a nd i t will a dh ere .

D R J R CALLAHAN
. . . T he H o w cl a mp i s a g o o d a ppli a nc e —

f or t hi s cl a ss o f c a vi t i e s .

D R C A BU T LER cl o se d by sa yi ng t he re w a s no cu t i n the
. . .

c e m e ntum by u si ng the sc re w s T he y a re d re sse d lik e go ld .

filli ng s .

D r J R C a ll a h a n Ci nci nna t i O
. . . Pa p e r o n Hyp no ti sm
, ,
.
, .

T he o l d t e r m s a nim a l m a g ne ti sm cl a i r v o y a nc e a nd m e sm e r
, ,

i sm h a v e g r a du a lly c o m e t o b e c a ll e d hyp not i sm

,
Th e y w e re .

u se d p r i ncip a lly by char l e t a ns a nd Ofte n f o r w r ong p ur p o se s , ,

a nd so c a m e i nt o di sr e pu t e . I t w a s supp o se d t h a t t he o p e ra t or

ha d so m e sup e r na t u r a l p o w e r .

P ro f B e rnh e im say s hyp not i sm i s p ro duc e d by wh a t he c a ll s

.

sugg e st i o n T he o p e r a t or sa y s c e r ta i n t hi ng s a nd t he p a t i e nt
.
,

im a gi ne s t h e m t o b e tr u e Du r i ng thi s t im e al l the f u nct i o ns .

wh e nt h e re i s u su a lly m o re o r
.

are no rm a l e xc e p t t he fi rst t im e
, ,

l e ss e xci t e m e nt T he p ro p or t i o n o f p e r so ns su sc e p t ibl e t o hyp

.

no ti sm i s pl a c e d a t a b o u t 1 8 p e r c e nt i n b o t h se x e s . .

‘
T hi s has b e e n u se d wi th c o nsi d e ra bly succ e ss i n o r ga ni c l e s
i ons hy ste r ic ne u r algic a nd rhe um at ic a ffe c ti o ns I t i s diffi cul t
, ,
.

t o pr o duc e w he n a n o p e r a t i o n i s i n Vi e w .

Th e r e i s st ill c onsid e r a bl e sup e r st i t i o n a nd ig no ra nc e re gar d

 SO C IE T IE S . 539

ing hyp no ti sm a ud i t i s y e t a fi e ld f o r study A p ro fe ssi o na l

,
.

hyp noti st i s c a ll e d a n i nfid e l a c ra nk a nd al l such b a d na m e s I ts ,

.

ab u se ha s b ro ug h t i t i nto di sf a v o r E v e ry tim e i t i s u se d the .

p a t i e nt b e c o m e s m o r e su sc e p tibl e to i ts i nflu enc e H yp no t is m .

sh o uld no t b e u se d i n d e nta l p ra c t ic e u nt il i t ha s a b e t t er na m e

a nd m o r e i s k no w n a b o u t i t b ut i t w o uld b e q ui t e i n pl a c e a t a ,

cli nic .

D iscussi on D R E G BE TT Y —
D r Du nn say s hyp no ti sm
. . .
—
.

i s a phy si o l o gic a l p r o c e ss b ut t h a t i t m ay b e succ e ssful t he mi nd

, ,

m ust b e c a lm .

D R D R JENNING S : H e r e i s a n a r t icl e f ro m a p a p e r o n
. . .

hypo ti sm which I will r e a d

,
T he a u thor h o ld s t h a t str o ng .

will e d p e rso ns b e c o m e se lf hyp no tiz e d wh e n they wi l l do a t hi ng

-

I t b e c o m e s a lm o st imp o ssibl e f o r t he m t o b re a k a w ay f ro m i t s
i nflu e nc e Wh e n t he t im e c o m e s th e y do i t a s t h o ugh so m e
.
,

bli nd f o r c e w a s c o ntro lli ng th e m .

D R JENNING S c o uld se e no diffe r e nc e b e t w e e n m e sm e ri sm a nd

.

hyp no t i sm Ch r i sti an Sci e nc e i s a no th e r of the sa m e ki nd a nd

.

j u st a s e ff e c t iv e .

D R H A SMITH
. . . H yp no ti sm sh o uld not y e t b e u se d i n
—

d e ntal p ra c ti c e I t i s d a ng e ro u s . .

D R W H W H I T S L AR
. . . Hyp no ti sm i s a sl e e p and i s no t in —

du ce d by sup e r na t u ra l p o w e rs T he p a t i e nt b e c o m e s a f ra id of .

the o p e r a to r a f te r i ts u se T he R u ssi a n a nd F re nch g o v e rn

.

m e nt s h a v e pa sse d l a w s re g ul a t i ng the p ra ctic e o f hyp no ti sm .

I t sh o uld no t b e u se d i n t he d e nta l o fli ce a t thi s t im e .

D r C a ll a h a n r e pli e d t h a t t he p o w e r o f hyp no ti sm w a s i n the

.

p a ti e nt a nd no t the Op e ra tor T he o p e ra to r sugg e sts a nd the .

a i te nt i m a gi ne s I t s p ra c t ic e i s d a ng e ro u s a nd sh o uld b e r e gu
p .

l a te d by l a w .

D r F J a c o b s o f N e w a rk O
. . e xpl a i ne d hi s m e t h o d o f m a k
,
.
,

ing se c t i o ns o f t e e t h f o r t he mic ro sc o p e A f te r cu tti ng f ro m .

b o th s id e s to the c e ntre up o n a c o a rse wh e e l the thi n se c ti o n is ,

pl a c e d up o n a c o r k a nd h e ld a ga i nst a fi ne wh e e l k e p t w e t a l l the
whil e I t i s sta i ne d wi th c a r mi ne i nk o r sa ssa f ra s O il a nd
.

m o u nte d i n b al sa m .

D r F l e tch e r Ci nci nna ti O

.
,
Pa p er D e nta l I mpl a nta ti o n
,
.
, ,
.

W e h a v e b e e n r e lyi ng up o n t he w ro ng ti ssu e f o r succ e ss T he .

p e r ic e m e ntum w a s f o r me rl v supp o se d to b e ne c e ssa ry f o r sue

54 0 TH E AR C H I VE S OF DEN T I S TR Y .

c e ss D r G L Cu rti ss w as fi rst t o re m o v e thi s p o r ti on b e fore

. . . .

impl a nt i ng V e ry f ew c a se s a re p e rm a ne nt succ e sse s R e p o rt s

. .

o f f a il ur e a re no w c o mi ng i n qui te fr e qu e ntly D r F l e t ch e r . .

u se d f o r e xp e r im e nts a g o a t a nd t he te e t h of a sm a ll do g O w .

i ng t o difli e ul t i e s i n h o ldi ng t he t e e t h i n p o si t i on t h e y w e r e ,

m a i nta i ne d in pl a c e by se wi ng o v er t he i nt e gum e nt T he te e t h .

w e r e i nser te d i n t he b one r a th er th an the a lv e ol u s P ar ts .

o f t he c ro w ns w e r e r e m o v e d so a s no t to p r o v e so g re a t a n i r r i

t a nt t o the i nte gum e nt ar y c o v e r i ng B i chl o r id w a s u se d .

t h r o ugh o u t .

Af te r ni ne m o nth s th ey we re Op e ne d i nto I n al l ca se s pe ri o s .

t e um ha d g ro w n o v er t h e m A ll b ut t w o ha d a lm ost e nti re ly
.

di sapp e a r e d I n o ne c a se c e m e ntum b e ca m e r e o rg a niz e d a nd

.
,

gre w a t the e xp e nse o f the d e nt i ne T he p e r ic e m e ntum cu t s no .

figu re i n i mpl a nt a t i on of t e e th .

I mpl a nte d t e e t h ca n ne v e r b e succ e ssful f or th e se re asons

F i rst te et h a r e de v e l o p e d fro m a differ e nt structu re t han b o ne
, .

I f d ri e d p e ri ce m e nt um to o k on ne w life a nd p e rfo r m e d its f unc

t i o ns a s b e f o re i t w o uld b e a succ e sss
,
I f w e c o uld i mpl ant i m .

m e di a t e ly a f t e r a to o t h i s e x tra c t e d su cc e ss i s m o re p ro b a bl e ,
.

I t w o uld b e e qu a l to ski n o r b o ne g ra f t I f the c e m e ntum b e .

c o m e s r e o rg aniz e d i t c a n g ro w o nly a t t he e xp e nse o f t he de n

,

t i ne . I f re so r b t i o n t a k e s pl a c e i n vi t al t i ssu e s i t c e r t a i nly i s so
i n d e a d t i ssu e s S O i t w o uld b e b ut a f e w y e ars u nt il t he wh ol e
.

r o o t w o uld b e r e pl a c e d b y a ne w m a t er i a l p ro b a bly b o ne si nc e , ,

i t i s p r o duc e d by b o ne p ro duci ng t i ssu e -

T he e xp e r im e nt s o f D rs H o pki ns a nd P e nr o se w ere r e vi e w e d
.

i n t hi s c o nne c t i o n a nd t he f o ll o wi ng d e duc ti ons d r a w n Fi rst .

,

st e r iliz e d b o ne i n f a v o r a bl e c o ndi t i o ns u nd e rg o e s o rg a niz a ti o n .

Wh e n a c te d u p o n by p e r i o ste um i s a b sor b e d a nd w h e n i n a ,

na rro w c a vi ty a nd no t t o o l a r g e i n bulk o r g a niz a t i o n a nd a b so r b

, ,

t i o n b o th t a k e pl a c e S e c o nd t h e se p r o c e sse s go o n m o st a o
.
,

t i v e l y b e t w e e n fi v e a nd e ig ht w e e k s .

A cc ordi ng t o D r Wm S a vory t igh t iv ory p e gs w e re m o re

. .
,

quickly a bso rb e d th a n l o o se o ne s H e d ra w s the f o ll o wi ng co n .

e lu si o ns

F i rst the o p er ati on o f impl anta ti o n ha s fall e n i nto di sr e pu te ,

e i t he r f r o m f a ilu r e o r l o ss o f c o nfid e nc e .

S e co nd wh e n the ro o t i s c o v e re d wi th d ri e d p e r i o ste um t he
—
 SO C IE T IE S .
54 1

m e mb ra ne i s a bso rb e d b e fo re u ni o n ta k e s pl a c e a nd wh e n u ni on ,

d o e s o ccu r i t i s p ro b a bly th a t o f a nkyl o si s b e t we e n v a scul a r

c e me ntum a nd the su rro u ndi ng bo ne I n Vi e w o f whi ch te e t h .
,

wi th much t hick ne ss o f c e m e ntum a re to b e p re fe rre d a nd ,

sh o uld b e d e nud e d o f the m e mb ra ne b e f o re t he o p e r a t i o n .

Thi rd o rga niz a ti o n ta k e s pl a c e b e tt e r wh e n t he to o t h i s

-

m o d e ra te ly t i g h tly fi tte d i n so lid b o ne a nd f o r thi s re a so n the ,

cic a tri x o f b o ne f o r m e d a f te r t he e x tra c t i o n O f a t o o t h i s t he

m o st fa v o ra bl e pl a c e f o r impl a nt i ng t e e t h .

Fo u rth th a t t he re so rb ti o n a nd re buildi ng of t he t i ssu e s o f

—

t he b o dy ne c e ssi ta t e t he a b so r b ti o n o f t he d e nt i ne o f the ro o ts
o f i mpl a nt e d t e e t h a nd t h e re by t h e i r l o ss ,
B u t th a t a s a t e m .

p o ra r
y re pl a c e m e nt o f l o st t e e th t he Op e ra t i o n o f i mpl a nt a t i o n
,

i s j u st ifi a bl e to t h o se w ho c o mp re he nd i t t o b e suc h .

D iscu ssi on D R BU T LER —

I h a v e no t p e rf o r m e d t hi s Op e ra
.
—

t i o n a s I w a s d o ub tful o f i t s fi na l succ e ss
,
T he qu e st i o n no w i s .

wh e th e r i t i s j u st ifi e d by i ts du ra ti o n o f t h re e to fi v e y e a rs a nd ,
’
t he p a t i e nt s l i a bili ty t o di se a se e t c
.
,
.

DR SAGE I wi sh t o k no w wh a t w a s c o nsid e re d l a rge o r

.
—

sm a l l iv o ry
peg .

D R F LE T C HER
. T he e xp e r im e nt s O f t he m e n go to S ho w
—

t h a t b o ne will b e c o m e o r g a niz e d wh e n iv o ry will no t T he o nly .

p art o f a te e th tha t m ay b e o rga niz e d i s t he c e m e ntum T he .

l i ne o f re o rg a niz a t i o n or a b so rbt i o n i s a so f te ne d ti ssu e so wh e n ,

t he p r o c e ss re a ch e s t he c ro w n a nd i s a b o u t c o mpl e te t he c r o w n ,

d ro p s e fl I f a v e ry f re sh t o o th i s impl a nte d the m e mb ra ne

“
.
,

m ay b e a cc e p t e d .

T he f oll o wi ng o ffic e rs w e r e e l e c te d f o r the e nsui ng y e a r

P re sid e nt E G B e tty Ci nci nna t i O ; F i rst V ic e P re sid e nt
,
. .
, ,
.
-

J R C a ll a h a n Ci nci nna ti O ; S e c o nd V ic e P re sid e nt G H

. .
, ,
.
-

, . .

Wil son P a insv il l e O ; S e c re t a r y O tto A rno ld C o lumbu s O

, , .
, , ,
.
’

A ssi stant S e c re ta ry H e nry B a rne s Cl e v e l a nd O ; T re a su re r

, , ,
.
,

C Q K e e l e y H a mil to n O
. .
, ,
.

H T Smi th r e e l e c te d m e mb e r B oa rd of E x a mi ne rs
. .
-
.
54 2 T H E AR C H I VE S OF DE N T T IS R Y .

D I SC U SS ION OF D R . B LAI SD ELL ’

S P A PER .
*

D R S M I T H M r P re sid e nt the e ssa yi st t hi s e v e ni ng has pre

.
—
.
,

se nte d a p a p e r w hich i s a r e sum e of the m e t h o d s o f p r a c t ic e o f

m a nv p ra c t i t i o ne r s t h ro ugho u t t he c o u nt ry b u t a l th o ugh t h e y ,

h a v e giv e n th ei r m e t h o d s o f c a ppi ng e xp o se d pulp s I do no t ,

se e t ha t t h e y giv e t h e i r r e sul t s a nd he ci t e s b u t o ne c ase

,

a nd p r o no u nc e s t h a t a f a ilu r e .

T he m o st imp o r ta nt t hi ng t o a v o id i n the t re a t m e nt o f e x
p o se d pulp s a s h e ld by the a u t h or i t i e s I s p re ssu re a nd I e n
, , ,

d o rse t h at Opi ni on m ost th or o ughly I b e li e v e a l a r g e pr o .

p o rt i o n o f fa ilu re s i n the c a ppi ng o f e xp o se d pulp s i s du e t o

the l a ck o f skill o n the p a rt o f t he m a nipul a t or W e sp e a k .

o f a ccid e nt a l e xp o su re s i n e xc a v a t i ng ; I b e li e v e t h a t t h at e x

p o s ur e i s a lm o st i ne xcu sa bl e I d on t
’ b e li e v e
. a n y g ra du a te

o f t he d e nt a l s ch o o l of H a rva r d C o ll e ge has any righ t to

punch a n e xc a v a to r i nt o a pulp u nl e ss he i nte nd s to do i t
wh e n he starts I t m ay b e a li tt l e p e r so na l t o say th a t my
.

e xp e r i e nc e i n a ccid e nt a l e xp osu r e s i s v e ry sm a ll b u t such ,

i s t he f a c t I h a v e had c ase s wh e re p erh ap s the

.

e xp o su r e w as e xcu sa bl e I n c a se s o f a
. m alform at i o n
of the pulp o r t o o t h b ut u nd e r o r di nar y ci r cum
,

st a nc e s i h c a se s t h a t w e u su a lly m e e t such e xp o sur e of t he

, ,

pulp I b e li e v e t o b e wh o lly i ne xcu sa bl e T he p ra ct i ti one r o f .

t o d ay i n o p e ni ng i nt o a c a vi ty k no w s o r sh o uld k no w t h a t
-

, ,

he i s li a bl e t o c o m e i nto c o nta c t wi t h the pulp a nd he t h ere ,

f ore o ugh t t o e xc a v a t e wi t h the g re ate st p o ssibl e c are a nd wi t h ,

t he c a r e ful i nstr I i ct io nS giv e n i n t he sch oo l s t o d a y t h e re i s no

e xcu se f or hi s e xp o si ng t h a t pulp .

T he m e tho d ci te d o f u si ng gu tta p e r ch a I d o no t b e li e v e i n , ,

a nd t he pl a ci ng o f gu tta p e r ch a di re c t ly o n t he pulp I c o nd e m n , ,

no t f ro m my o w n e xp e r i e nc e b ut f ro m my o b ser v a t i ons of c a se s
,

tr e a t e d by o th e r p ra c t i t i o ners t he p a t i e nt s h a v e c o me i nto my
,

h and s a fter w a r d s T ro ubl e ha s re sul te d i n e v e ry c ase th at I

.

h a v e se e n b ut t h e y m ay h a v e b e e n c ase s which sh o uld not h a v e

,

b e e n c a pp e d and p e r h a p s i t i s h ar dly j u st to d e ny t h a t so m e
,

w e re succ e sse s .

*R e a d b e f ore H arv ar d O d ont ol ogi cal S oci e ty .

 SO C IE T IE S . 54 3

T he pulp whil e i t i s a n o rga n o f g re a t se ns i tiv e ne ss a nd e x

,

t re m e d e lic a cy o f struc tu re I b e l i e v e t o b e m o st p e r si ste nt i n

,

i ts vi ta li ty T he c a pill a ry ci r cul a t i o n o f the pulp a s y o u a l l

.
,

k no w a r i si ng f ro m t he V e r tic a l v e sse l s f o r mi ng l o o p s p re v e nts

, ,

a c o mbi na t i o n ne a r t he su r f a c e a nd t he a b se nc e o f lymph a ti c s,

i n t he p ulp p re v e nt s m e dic a m e nt s f ro m d o i ng much g o o d a s ,

w o uld b e the c ase up o n se ro u s m e mb ra ne Wh e r e the t ro ubl e .

i s di ff u se d th ro ugh the e nti re m e mb ra ne i n m a ny c ase s the a p ,

plic a ti o n o f a rse ni o u s a cid will O nly d e str oy a p a rt o f the p ulp ,

a nd ha s t o b e re a ppli e d a g a i n a nd a g a i n
-

I f a to o th ha s b e e n a chi ng a nd th e re i s c onge sti o n a b ou t the

,

pulp o r a n e xudi ng of pu s I i nv aribl y d e st roy i t I d on t b e li e v e

, ,
’ .

a pulp c a n b e b rbu ht t o a h e a l thy c o ndi t i o n t o st a nd c a ppi ng

g
a f te r it has r e a ch e d t h a t st a g e B ut t h e r e a r e m a ny c a se s
.

wh e re p at i e nt s h a v e ne gl ec te d th e i r t e e th a nd ha d a li tt l e
p a i n o r a f te r t a ki ng sw e e t s th e y h a v e a se v e re to o th a ch e th a t
, ,

so o n p asse s o fi so t h a t a t t he t im e o f e x a mi na t i o n th e r e i s no
,

so r e ne ss nor i nfl a mm a t i o n o r if w e h a v e a stro ng ro bu st h e a l , ,

t hy p a t i e nt a nd i n e xc a v a t i ng c a r e fully a ro u nd the pulp w e re

,

m o v e a l a y e r of de cal ci fi e d d e nt i ne a nd fi nd j u st a p o i nt o f t he
pulp e xp o se d ; in such c ase s I do no t h e si ta te t o ca p a nd my ,

m ix tu re i s as f oll o w s
I ta k e o xid e o f zi nc and mixi ng i t wi th O il of cl o v e o r c re a
,

so te flo w i t c a re fully o v e r the pulp t h e n fill o u t the c a vi ty wi t h

, ,

ei t h e r o xychl o r id e o r o xyph o sp ha te o f zi nc
, .

I t i s t ru e M r P re sid e nt th a t I h a v e k e p t a re c o rd o f the
,
.
,

pulp e xp o su re s a nd my m e th o d o f tre a t i ng th e m a nd the c o n ,

di ti o n th at th ey w e re in bu t i n l ooki ng o v e r my re c o rd s I fo u nd
,

th a t wh e n I w a nt e d t o ge t a t t he r e sul ts i t w a s no t a v e ry e a sy ,

m a tte r a nd it ha s ta ught m e i n t he fu tu re to k e e p a l i ttl e b o o k

,

a nd e nt e r t he c a se s o f pulp e xp o su re a nd t re a t m e nt o f de a d

t e e th so I ca n tu rn to a p e rso n s na m e a nd fi nd the r e sul t a t

,
’

o nc e ,
b ut y o u c o m e to l oo k th ro ugh y o u r r e c o r d b o o k f o r a
,
-

c a se whi ch w a s tre a te d t w e lv e o r fif te e n y e a rs a go a nd f o ll o w
o u t t he r e c o r d o f t he p a t i e nt t o fi nd wh e th e r the pulp ha s si nc e

di e d you will h a v e a n e ndl e ss j o b I h a v e o ne c a se wh e re I

,
.

ha d fi v e e xp o su re s o f pulp i n o ne m o u th o f a r igh t sup e ri o r ,

m o l ar m e si a l c a vity a nd o f the bicu spid s o n the sa m e S id e a nd

, , ,
54 4 TH E A R C HI V E S OF DE N T T IS R Y .

t he bicu spid s of the l e ft

up e ri o r Th e y w e re c a pp e d e igh t
s .

y e ars ago a nd l a st y e a r I h a v e no t se e n t he p a t i e nt t hi s se a
,
—

so n —
t h e y w e re a l l te ste d wi th w a r m i nstr um e nt s o r i ce a nd ,

e v e ry o ne o f t h e m w a s a liv e H o w so o n t h e y will di e o f c o u rse

.
, ,

I c anno t te ll b ut th ey w e re a pp a re ntly in go o d c ondi ti o n wh e n

,

I l ast sa w the m Ano the r c ase of which I h a v e a r e c ord w a s

‘

.
,

a n e xp o su re o n the m e si a l su rf a c e o f a n upp e r r igh t m o l ar which ,

w a s e x p o se d i n such a m a nne r th a t wi t h a m a g nifyi ng gl a ss -

y O u c o uld l o o k i nto t he c a vi ty a nd se e di st i nc t ly the pul sa ti o ns

i n t he pulp A t t h a t t im e I w as wi t h D r Sh e p a r d a nd I c a ll e d
. .
,

him to se e the c ase I t w a s e x tre m e ly i nte re sti ng m o re so pe r

.
,

h a p s to u s t h a n t o the p a t i e nt A s t he p a t i e nt w a s stro ng a nd
.

h e a l thy t he pulp wa s c a pp e d i n the m anne r I h a v e j u st de

,

sc r ib e d a nd t h a t pulp i s a liv e t o d a y
,
.

Th a t i s a l l t he d a ta tha t I c a n giv e y o u M r Pr e sid e nt e x , .

,

ce pt i ng t ha t I k no w i n my o w n p ra c t ic e t h at a m a j o r i ty o f t he
,

pulps t ha t I h a v e t re a t e d a nd c a pp e d i n t h at w ay a r e still a liv e ,

a nd I a m a b e li e v e r i n c a ppi ng c e rt a i n e xp o se d pul p s Thi s i s .

a n e xc e p t i o n A p at i ent c a m e to my o ffic e so m e t hi ng o v e r t w o
y e ars a go O n a l o w e r r igh t se c o nd bicu spid w a s a n e xp o su r e
.

ne a r t he m ar gi n o f the gum whic h w a s c a pp e d and t h a t pa , ,

t i e nt ha d no t b e e n i n to se e m e si nc e t h a t d ay u nt il y e ste rd a y ,

a nd w o u l d no t h a v e c o m e t he n ha d t h e re no t b e e n a p a i n i n t h a t

l o c a li ty I n e x a mi na t i o n I f o u nd t h a t d e c a y ha d sta rte d b e l o w
.

t he gu tta p e rch a up on t he c e r vi c a l w a ll which I ha d pl a c e d

-

, ,

t h e r e f o r p ro te c t i o n a f te r t he fi r st c a ppi ng a nd ha d a g a i n e x
, ,

p o se d the pulp T he p a t i e nt had suffe re d f o r t w o o r t h re e

.

w e e k s wi t h ne u ra lgi a b e f o r e c o mi ng i n I th ou gh t i t w a s u se ;

l e ss to t ry to p re se rv e a ny e xp o se d pulp s f o r t h at p a ti e nt so a ,

ne w o p e ni ng w a s m a d e a nd the pulp d e vi t a liz e d .

I do not h e si tate h o w e v er in de str oyi ng a pulp to day so

, ,

much a s I did so m e y e a rs a go wh e n w e w e re ta ug ht to b e li e ve
,

t h a t t he d e vi ta lizi ng o f a n e xp o se d pulp w a s a lm ost a c e rta i n

f o re ru nne r to the to ta l d e str uc t i o n of t he to o th Th e re ha s b ee n .

a r a dic a l c ha ng e i n t h a t t h e o r y D r A tki nso n o f N e w Y o r k ,

.
, ,

ha s w r i tt e n a p a p e r i n w hich he S p e a k s of t he a m pu ta t i on o f a
pulp I f I r e m e mb e r r igh tly he cl a im s th a t y o u m ay a mpu tate
.
,

a pulp up t o t he bif u rc a t i o n o f the ro o t s th a t i t i s g oo d su rg e r

y ,
 SO C I E T IE S . 54 5

a nd it will liv e I do no t a g re e wi th him a nd y e t wh e n I h a v e

.

b e e n tryi ng to d estro y pulp s up in the c a na l s I h a v e so m e t im e s ,

t h o ug ht t h e y w o uld liv e no m a t te r wh a t y o u did to th e m

,
I do .

no t h e si ta te t o d e str o y pulp s to d a y b e c a u se w e h a v e such a n ,

e xc e ll e nt k no wl e dg e o f t he str uc tu r e o f the t oo t h a nd w e no w ,

k no w th a t simply b e c a u se the pulp i s l e st w e mu st no t supp o se

t he t o o t h to b e e nt i r e ly d e a d b ut th e r e i s st ill lif e fr o m the
,

m e mbra ne s of the r o o t S o I a m no w i ncli ne d to ca p o nly th o se

.

pulp s which p r e se nt the b e st c o ndi ti o ns f o r c a ppi ng I f a pulp .

p r e se nts a ny symp to m s o f co ng e sti o n or i nfl a mm ati o n I b e li e ve ,

y o u ha d b e tter di sp a t ch i t a t o nc e i n o r d e r t o giv e t he b e st ,

sa l t s t o the p at i e nt b u t I a m no t a b e li e v e r i n t he wh o l e sa l e
,

d e stro yi ng o f pulp s I b e li e v e g e ntl e m e n i n c o nse r va t iv e

.
, ,

t re a tm e nt .

D R EDD Y
. M r P re sid e nt a nd G e ntl e m e n : I a m a fi rm
—
.

b e li e v e r i n t re at i ng e xp o se d pulp s wi t h a rse ni o u s a cid I h a v e, .

t r i e d a lm o st e v ery t h i ng e l se du r i ng t he l a st fif t e e n y e a r s a nd h a v e
f o u nd nothi ng t h a t will e sp e ci a lly p re se r v e t he lif e o f a pulp I .

h a v e ha d c a se s a pp a re ntly b e ne fi te d by so m e ki nd s of t re a t
m e nt b ut I thi nk i t ha s b e e n du e fully a s much to the te m p e ra
m e nt o f the p at i e nt a nd g e ne ra l c ondi ti o n o f h e a l t h I b e li e v e .

t h a t o xyph o sph a te will d e str o y a pulp j u st a s su r e ly a s a r se ni c ,

o nly no t a s so o n I b e li e v e thi s b e ca u se I u se d i t ne arl y e igh t

.

y e a r s a nd h a v e se e n so m e o f the re sul ts I h a v e a l so ha d c a se s
,
.

wh e re I h a v e u se d o xyph o sp ha te o f zi nc u nd e r ne a t h a m a lga m
filli ngs a s a c e m e nt a no n c o nduc to r b ut no t i n di re c t c onta c t
, ,
-

wi t h the pulp a nd the pulp s h a v e di e d a nd I l a id it to the o xy

, ,

ph osph a te of zi nc O f c o u rse I h a v e had my e xp e r i e nc e wi th

.
,

f re sh e xp o su re which I supp o se w a s du e to my b e i ng a g ra du
,

a te a nd i n t h o se c a se s I t hi nk I h a v e ha d g o o d re sul ts by d o i n
, g
no thi ng m o r e t h a n to uchi ng the e xp o se d pulp wi th c a r b o lic a cid
a nd p a cki ng g o ld di re c tly o v e r th a t a nd i t se e m e d t o w o rk v e ry ,

we ll I h a v e tr i e d a lm o st e v e ry t hi ng th a t ha s c o m e b e f o re us
.

a nd i n t h o se c a se s o f e x p o su re r e sul t i ng f ro m d e c a y o r e v e n in ,

c a se s wh e re th e re i s no e x p o u re b ut a z o ne o f so f te ne d t i ssu e
s ,

re m a i ns which is li a bl e t o b re a k d o w n I t hi nk i t will giv e t he

, ,

p a t i e nt t he m o st sa ti sfa c t i o n to d e vi ta liz e t he pulp I t m a y b e .

,

a li tt l e m o re p a i nful a t fi rst b u t it i s b e t te r t ha n ha vi ng t he
,
54 6 TH E A R C H I VE S OF DEN TI S TR Y .

ne u ra lgi a v e ry no w a nd th e n f o r f ro m one to fi v e y e ars a nd

e

t h e n d e stro y the pulp .

A noth e r thing M r P resid e nt wh e n a pulp i s d estroy e d by

,
~
.
,

a n o xyph o sph a t e fi l li ng i t m a k e s o ne o f the di rt i e st h ea p s o f

d e b r i s th at I h a v e m e t I t go e s al l to pi e c e s a nd m a k e s a v e ry
.

b a d m e ss . I h a v e u se d o xychl oride f or ca ppi ng and ha d b e tte r

r e sul t s t h a n wi t h t he o xyph osph a t e .

D R BLAI S D ELL
. I w o uld lik e to ask if D r E ddy ha s e v e r
—
.

u se d o xy sulp ha t e ?

D R EDD Y
. I h a v e no t
—
.

D R G ILLE TT
. I w o uld lik e to h e ar m o re a b o u t t hi s id e a o f
—

o xyph o sph a t e d e st ro yi ng the pulp A s I u nd e r sta nd t he ge nt l e .

m a n he m a k e s the st a te m e nt t h at he ha s a sc r ib e d the d ea t h of
,

c e r ta i n pulp s t o o xyp hosph a te u se d e i th er a s a li ni ng o r as a ,

filli ng i n c ase s wh e r e t h ere ha s b e e n no e xp o su r e Am I .

r igh t ?

4 D R EDD Y
. Y e s S ir
—
I ha d one to d ay M r Preside nt th a t
,
.
,
.
,

I c a n a tt ri bu te to noth i ng b ut o xyph o sph ate Th ere w as no .

e xp o su r e .

D R N I LE S
. M r P re sid e nt I u se d to cap pulp s b u t I se ld o m
—
.
, ,

p e rfor m t h a t Op e ra ti o n no w Wh e nI do I f e e l th a t d e a t h will .
,

o ccu r so o ne r o r l a t e r I ne v e r cap wi t h o xy pho sph a te u nl e ss I

.

wi sh d e at h t o ta k e pl a c e I t ha s b e e n sa id by o ne o f the .

sp e a k e r s to nigh t t h a t th e ne r v e has no m e a ns o f a b so r bi ng d e a d

m a tte r a s t he pulp ha s no a b so r be nts

,
E v e n if it had I sh ould .
,

no t w a nt it t o c o m e i n c o nta c t wi t h t he o xyph o sph a t e Ph os .

c a cid i s a n e sc h a r o t ic a nd I d o n t k no w why a c re a my
’
p h o r i ,

m ix t u re of i t a nd the o xid e sh o uld b e fl o w n o v e r a n e xp o se d

pulp u nl e ss t o d e stroy i t I f a pulp sta nd s t hi s tre a tm e nt a nd
,
.

li v e s i t i s t o ugh A n a cid t h at will e tch gl ass or di sso lve silve r

,
.
, ,

will d e stroy so f t t i ssu e I t se em s to m e o ut o f re a so n to u se

.

such t hi ngs o n e xp ose d pulp s Ph o sph ate s o r c hl or id e s m ix e d

.

t o the c onsi ste ncy o f c re a m m a k e a n u nsta bl e stro ngly a c id ,

c o m p o u nd t h a t wh e n h ar d v er y soon d isso lv e s i n w a t e r o r t o a
, ,

l a r ge e x te nt will b e com e d e te r i ora t e d in w ate r o r m o i stu re I n .

m y o pi ni o n t he b e st t re a t m e nt to sa v e a p u lp p ro vid e d the
, ,

a t i e nt i s st ro ng a nd ro bu st e no u gh to h e lp o u t a ny tre a t me nt
p ,

i s to re l i e v e it f ro m a l l i rri ta t i on di si nf e ct it a nd l e t natu re ta k e , ,
 S O C IE T IE S . 54 7

c a re of it . A ny no n i rr i ta t i ng
-

m e ch a ni c a l m ea ns yo u c a n use to
t ha t e nd wil l b e m o re b e ne fici a l t h a n s t imul a t i ng bl e e di ng , e t c , .

I Wo uld no t use stro ng c a rb olic a cid o r c re o so te to di si nfe c t a n

e xp o se d pulp f o r t h e y a l so d e str o y i ts su rf a c e a nd t he d e a d
, ,

m a tte r re m a i ni ng d e c o mp o se s a nd i r ri ta te s t he a dj o i ni ng t i ssu e .

S o o ne r o r l a te r th a t pulp di e s T he m o st o f t he p a ti e nt s w ho
.

c o m e to us wi th e xp o se d p ulp s ha v e a d e bili ta te d st a te o f the

sy ste m .I t i s no t the b e st vi t a liz e d cl a ss o f p e o pl e b u t t h o se ,

w ho a re sickly a nd d e lic a t e a nd w ho h a v e no t much r e se r v e

,

fo rc e f o r the bo dy t o sa y no thi ng a b o u t the te e th T he qu e s

,
.

t i o n o f c o nse r v a t iv e t re a t m e nt i n a l a rg e m aj o ri ty o f c a se s wi t h
, ,

t he h o p e o f a uv l a s t i ng r e sul t s I sh r i nk f ro m , I f I can p a i n .

l e ssly t re a t my p a ti e nt a nd t a k e him p a st t he tro ubl e by d e stroy

i ng t he pulp a nd filli ng t he c a vi ty a nd c a na l I f e e l t h a t I h a v e ,

d o ne t he b e st t h a t ca n b e d o ne f o r hi m .

D R TAF T
. I n my o w n p r a c t ic e I t hi nk I h a v e b e e n r e a so na bly
—

f o rt u na te i n sa vi ng wh a t e xp o se d pulp s I h a v e had to d ea l wi th .

I supp o se I h a v e my p ro p orti o na te sh a re of th e m a nd my ,

p ra ctic e ha s b e e n a lm o st i nv a r i a bly t o c a p th e m I thi nk I a m .

sa f e i n sayi ng th at I h a v e no t u se d a r se ni o u s a cid h a lf a d o z e n

t i m e s f or t he pu r p o se o f d e str o yi ng pu l p s in t he f o u r y e a rs t h a t
I h a v e b e en o ut of the sch o o l I do no t th i nk I h a v e u se d it
—

o ur t im e s I h o se c a se s wh ere I h a v e u se d i t t he pulp s h a v e
f n t .
,

c o m e t o m e i n a highly i nfl a m e d c o ndi t i o n h a v e b e e n a chi ng a ,

l ong t im e a nd t ryi ng t o sa v e t h e m by c a ppi ng ha s se e m e d a t

,

o nc e t o b e o u t o f t he qu e st i o n a nd i n t h o se c a se s
, a nd i n t h o se —

c a se s o nly h a v e I d e vi ta liz e d t h e m a t o nce I do no t b e li e v e .

i n fl o wi ng o xyph o sph a te di re c tly o v e r the pulp ; ne i th e r d o I

b e li e v e i t a go o d pl a n to put c a r bo lic a cid o v e r i t My m e th o d .

i s e i th e r to mix o xid e o f zi nc wi t h o i l o f cl o v e s a nd a pply it

'

c a re fully o r to apply the o il o f cl o v e s di re c tly to the e xp o se d

,

p orti o n th e n du st the o xid e o f zi nc o n th a t ; a f te rw a rd s fl o wi ng

,

o xyph o sph a te i n a c re a my c o ndi t i o n a nd w a i t i ng u nt il i t h a rd ,

e ne d ,
t h e n fill t he re st o f the c a vi ty wi th o xyph o sph a te o r
a m a lg a m .

I k e e p a re co rd of a l l t he pulp s th a t c o m e to m e e xpo se d o r ,

t h a t I e xp o se my se lf a nd so m e I t re a t d i fle m nt l y f ro m o th e rs
'

, ,

b u t the m a j o r i ty o f th e m wh e n se e n s ub se qu e ntly a re a liv e

, , .
54 8 TH E A R C H I V E S OF DEN T I S TR Y

O cc a s o na i lly I fi nd t h at
c o m e s b a ck a fte r a t im e sh o wi ng
o ne ,

sig ns t h a t t he t o o t h i s d e a d a nd o f c o u r se t he t o o t h i s t h e n
,

o p e ne d a nd t r e a t e d b u t t he p ro p o rt i o n o f t h e m i s so v e ry sm all
th a t I b e li e v e i n a c o nse r va t i ve t re a t m e nt o f t h e m a nd t hi nk ,

t he fi rst t hi ng t o b e d o ne is t o ge t ri d o f wh a te v e r c o ng e st i o n
t h e re m ay b e i f a ny a nd I do no t se e why a pulp sh o uld no t
, ,

t h e n liv e a s w e l l u nd e r a c a r e ful a nd skillf ul c a ppi ng a s i t sh o uld

a g a i nst the h a r d b o ny w a ll o f the pulp c a vi ty
, I h a ve ha d such .

g o o d succ e ss i n t he t re a t m e nt o f t he m th a t I do no t b e li e v e i n
d e st roy n t h e m a t o nc e .

D R G ILLE TT
. Will D r T a f t pl e ase t o o u tli ne his tre at m e nt
—
.

of co ng e ste d pulp by whic h he b ri ng s i t b a ck t o nor m a l

,

co ndi t i o n ?

D R TAF T . I m ust say t h a t I do no t h av e a gr e a t m any c a se s

—

o f c o ng e ste d pulp b ut wh e re I do h a v e o ne which has b e e n e x

,

p o se d f o r so m e l e ngth of t im e a nd ha s giv e n p a i n I first a pply , ,

l o Ca l t rea t m e nt u si ng so m e t hi ng o f t he na t u re o f o il o f cl o v e s
, ,

t h e n fill the c a vi ty wi t h c o tt o n a nd l e t it go f o r a f e w d a y s I had .

a c as e a b o u t t h r e e w e e k s a g o o f a t e e t h t ha t I ha d fill e d a y e a r ,

a o w i t h gu t t a p e r ch a A t t h e t im e t he t o o t h w a s fill e d I w as
g
-

.
,

u na bl e to d e cid e wh e t h e r the re w a s a n e xp o su re o r not T he .

t o o t h ha d b e e n p re vi o u sly fill e d b v a w e ll k no w n B o sto n d e nt i st -

wi t h gu tta p e r ch a a nd w a s v e ry se nsi tiv e t o e xc a v at i ng T he

-

,
.

c a vi ty e x t e nd e d f ar up u nd e r t he gum a nd I re fill e d i t wi t h gut ,

ta p e r ch a a nd i t k e p t qui e t f o r a b o u t a y e a r Thr e e w e e k s ago .

the l a dy c a m e t o m e c o mpl a i ni ng o f g re a t p a i n
,
I to o k the .

gutta p e rch a o ut a nd up o n r e e xc a v a ti ng I e xp o se d the pulp a nd

-

,
-

f o u nd i t ali v e I t ha d b e e n t ro ubli ng he r th e n f o r a b o ut a w ee k
. .

I th o ugh t at fi rst I w o uld try to sa ve i t a nd be ga n tre a tm e nt by ,

p u tti ng a pl e dg e t of co tton dipp e d in o il o f cl o v e s i nto the , ,

c a vi ty se a li ng i t u p t e mp or a r ily wi t h gu tt a p e r ch a a nd a pplyi ng
,
-

the li ttl e c a p sic u m pl a st e r s t o t he gum h o pi ng t o re duc e t he i h ,

fla m m a ti on i n t h a t w ay b ut a ft e r w o r ki ng o v e r i t a w e e k I d e
,

st roy e d i t I thi nk c ong e sti on of the pulp c an b e re duc e d by

.

i nt e r na l t re a tm e nt much b e tte r th an by any l o c a l t re a tm e nt ,

a nd if w e w e re p hy sici a ns a nd ha d t he k no wl e dg e o f m a te r i a
m e dic a th a t w e sh o uld ha v e u nd e r tho se c o ndi ti ons I thi nk w e ,

w o uld fi nd it p o ssibl e to e a sily a nd qu ickly ge t ri d of the i nfla m

 SO C IE T IE S . 54 9

m a ti o n a nd b ri ng the pulp a ro u nd to a h e a l thy c o ndi t i o n so tha t ,

it c o u l d th e n b e s ucc e ssfully c a pp e d p r ovid e d t h e r e ha d b e e n no ,

suppu ra t i o n Wh e n i t has re a ch e d t h at sta g e t he o nly thi ng to

.
,

b e d o ne , in my o pi ni o n i s t o a pply a rse ni o u s a cid a nd d e stroy i t

,
.

D R WERNE R
. I l o o k up o n t he tre a t m e nt o f a pulp p r i n
—

p ally f ro m the sta ndp o i nt o f wh e th e r such pulp i s a b solu te ly

ne c e ssa ry f o r the w e lf a re o f the to o th T he pulp i s a f o r m at iv e .

o rg a n . I ts fu nc t i o n d e c r e a se s a s the t o o th d e v e l o p s I n y o u ng .

pe rso ns i t is l a rg e st ; g ro w s sm al l e r a nd sm a ll er a nd in ol d a ge i t i s ,

ne a r ly o ssifi e d o r o bli te r a te d ; th a t i s i t s re tr o g re ssiv e st a g e ,

be gi ns m a te ri a lly a f te r t he c ro w n o f the to o th e rup ts th ro ugh

t he gum I h a v e se e n th re e diff e re nt ti m e s wh a t D r Smi th
. .

S p o k e of t he a c t u a l pul sa t i o n o f the pulp whi ch i n a l arg e e x

‘

- —

p o sa re i n a fa vo ra bl e ligh t i s e a sily se e n A ll of th o se th r e e
, ,
.

pulp w e re c a pp e d a nd th e y se e mi ngly a re a l iv e to d a y b ut I
s
,

t hi nk t he t e e t h w o uld b e qui t e a s se rvic e abl e ha d t he pulp b e e n

d e stroy e d Fro m a su rgica l sta ndp o i nt the a mpu ta ti o n of p art

.

o f t he pulp m a a t t im e s b e succ e ssful f o r w e k no w ho w re si st

y ,

i v e t h e y Of te n a re t o a ny ki nd o f a rse nio u s a cid t re a t m e nt ye t

:

I sh ould ne v e r do i t u nl e ss i t w e re i n a p a r ti a l ly d e v e l o p e d tooth ,

w e r e the life of the pulp i s e sse nti a l Wh a t the su rge o n d o e s .

a ft e r t r e p a nni ng the skull w e sh o uld do in c a ppi ng o r b r idgi ng

,

o v e r the pulp c a vi ty H e d o e s no t flo w e sch a ro t ic s lik e o xy chl o

"
.

r id e o r o xyph o sph a t e o f zi nc o v e r t he b ra i n H e m e ch a nic a lly .

c o v e rs a nd ta k e s g o o d c a re no t t o p re ss o n th e c o nte nts of the

c a vi ty T he to o t h pulp mu st b e tre a te d i n the sa m e w ay ; a
.

simpl e m e ch a ni c a l c o v e r i ng o v e r i t b e i ng a l l th a t i s ne c e ssa ry .

Wh e th e r y o u put a m e ta llic ca p o r wh e th e r y o u pu t c o u rt ,

pl aste r o r o ne o f gu tta p e rch a ( th o ugh I sh o uld h e si ta te a b o u t

,
-

u si ng the l a tte r) m a k e s li ttl e d i ff e re nc e o nly b e su re th a t y o u

,
,

d o no t p re ss up o n t he pulp W i t h the k no wl e dg e w e h a v e
.

t o d ay i n t re a ti ng d e vi ta liz e d t e e t h t h e re se e m s li t tl e r e a so n f or
-

a
y o u ng m a n to r i sk tryi ng to sa v e b a d c a se s o f e xp o se d pulp s .

I t i s i n e x tre m e p ra c tic e succ e ssful o nly f o r t he t im e b e i ng

s o o ne r o r l a te r e ndi ng i n f a ilu re T o m e m a ny so c a ll e d su c
.
-

c e s sf u l r e c o rd s a re o nly a pp a re nt s ucc e sse s the o p e ra t i o ns o nly

,

ha st e ni ng t he pulp s to d e g e ne ra ti o n T he fl o wi ng o v e r o f a l l .

e s c ha ro tic s I thi nk is highly u nsci e ntific

, , .
5 50 TH E AR C HIV E S OF DE N T T
I S R Y .

,
D R .C L AP R z— Thc l a st sp e a k e r ha s m a d e t he sta te m e nt t h at
f ter the t oo t h i s f or m e d i t no l o ng er re qui re s t he p rese nc e o f
”

a pulp I w o uld lik e to a sk him w hen he c onside rs a tooth

.

f orm e d ?
D R WERNER . I n m a ny c a se s the pulp s of te e t h are ve ry
—

l a r g e a t t w e nty fi v e y e a rs A to o th h o w e ver 1 8 u su a lly forme d

-

.
, ,

a nd the a p l ca l f o ra m e n cl o se d up a t r m t h r e e to fi v e o r a t , ,

the l a te st t e n y e a r s a f te r t he e r u p t i o n
, .

D R CLAPP . I ha d o cc a si o n y e st e rd a y t o cu t o fl t wo c e nt ra l
.
—

i nci sors f or a l a dy e igh t e e n y e a rs o f age T he pulp ch a mb e r

w a s e nt i re ly o bli te r a t e d e nti r e l v fill e d I im a gi ne t h at the pu l ps
,
.

ne a r the a p e x o f t he r o o t are st ill a li v e a nd i t se e m s t o m e t h a t ,

the p re se nc e of t he pulp i s a gr e a t a dv a nta g e t o the t e e t h a s lo ng

a nd I mu st sa
a s t he
y ar e i n a h e a l t hy c o ndi t i o n y t h a t I h e si t a t e
.

t o d e stro y pulp s A s D r Ta f t sa y s he ha s not d e stroy e d t he

. .
,

pulp s i n h a lf a d oz e n te e th in f ou r y e a rs I do not b e l i e v e t h at
.

my p ro p ort i on i s gr e at e r t h an t h a t in e igh t e e n y e a
I w o uld lik e t o i nqui re of the S o ci e ty its o pi ni on of t he adv is
a bili ty o f re m o vi ng s o f t e ne d d e nt i ne o v e r t he pulp s t h a t w o ul d
_

b e u nd o u b t e dly e xp o se d by t he r e m o v a l of such so f te ne d
d e nti ne .

D R B I G E L o w z I d o no t r i se to r e l a t e a ny e xp e ri e nc e s i n
.
— .
. .

c appi ng pul p s b u t t h e re i s o ne qu e st i o n t h a t ha s c o m e up i n my
,

mi nd m a ny t im e s t ha t I w o uld lik e to h a v e a nsw e re d if p o ssibl e , ,

by so m e o f th e se g e ntl e m e n t h a t b e li e ve in c a ppi ng a nd p ra c t ic e ,

i t re gul a r ly W e w e re ta ugh t i n the sch ool t h at i n a n i nfla m

.

m atory c o ndi t i o n w e migh t e xp e c t to fi nd h e a t p a i n re d ne ss , , ,

sw e lli ng w e migh t e xp e c t to fi nd o ne o r a l l o f t h e se symp t o m s

— .

i n a n i nfl a mm a t o ry c ondi t i o n of t he t i ssu e I t i s sa id o f t he .

b one s th a t an i nfl a mm a to ry c o ndi ti o n mig ht e xi st a nd y e t h a v e

,

ne i t h e r sw e lli ng r e d ne ss no r p a i n b u t t h e re m igh t b e b e a t
, , ,
.

N o w the qu e st i o n t h a t c o m e s up i n my mi nd i s ho w a r e w e to ,

k no w re a ll y wh e n the pulp i s i n a n i nfl a m e d c o ndi t i o n a nd

, , ,

wh a t tre a t m e nt to giv e i t b e f o re c a ppi ng ! V e ry o fte n p a ti e nts

7

c o m e to us wi th t e e t h t h a t ha v e b e e n a chi ng a nd t h e re I s p e r ,

h a p s a sw e lli ng of t he pulp a nd a c e rt a i n r e d ne ss I say sw e ll

i ng the t h r o bbi ng g e ne ra lly i ndic a t e s a sw oll e n c o ndi t i o n i n
—
,

which c a se s the pulp s ar e e vid e ntly i nfl a m e d b ut wh a t I w o uld

 SO C IE T IE S . 55 1

lik e k no w is ho w a re w e g o i ng t o te ll wh e t h e r t h e se pulp s
to ,

a re i n a n i nfl a m e d c o ndi ti o n o r no t ? I w o uld like to k no w t he

p ro p e r tre a tm e nt f o r a n i nfl a m e d pulp I n c a se s wh e re I h a v e .

a t te mp te d t o subdu e t he i nfl a mm a t i o n I h a v e no t ha d g re a t
'

succ e ss .

D R SM I TH . I n t he a b se nc e of a l l symp to m s I sh o uld co n
—
,

e lud e t h a t t h e re w a s no i nfl a mm a t i o n .

D R BIGELO W .
’
I d o n t k no w w h e t h e r a l l t he symp to m s w e re
-

a b se nt o r no t a nd t h a t i s j u st the p o i nt ; t h e re m a h a ve be en
,
y
h e at b ut no t k no wi ng p o si tiv e ly t h e r e wa s a n i nc re a se in te m
,

e r a t ur e a n i nfl a mm a to ry c o ndi t i o n migh t e xi s t a nd w e migh t

p , ,

w o rk bli ndly .

D R SM I TH . I k no w o f a p ro mi ne nt phy si ci a n w ho tre a ted a

—

w o m a n f o r the G ripp e wh e n he r re a l t ro ubl e w a s f a tty d e

“

g e ne ra t i o n o f t he liv e r H e wor k e d a s ne a r to the sy m p to m s a s

.

he c o uld g e t b u t b e di a g no se d t he c a se w r o ng
,
H e i s a p ro m .

i nc u t e mi ne nt phy sici a n a nd I si mply sp e a k o f it to S h o w t he

u nc e r ta i nty o f sym pto m
.
,

s i n a di a g no si s S O i n t hi s c a se t h e r e .
,

migh t b e i nfl a m m a t i o n b ut if t he re w a s a n a b se nc e o f a l l the
,

symp to m s I sh o uld c o ncl ud e t h a t t h e re w a s no i nfl a mm a t i o n a nd

,

sho uld t re a t i t a cc o rdi ngly .

D R BIGELO W . Supp o se t h e re wa s a n a b se nc e o f a l l the o th e r

—

symp to m s ho w a r e g o i ng t o e t a t the h e a t ?
, g
D R SM I T H W e ll I d o n t k no w o f a ny th e rm o m e te r th a t ha s
’ -

,
.

b e e n m a d e t o re gi ste r t he a m o u nt o f h e a t i n a pulp T he o nly .

w ay y o u c a n ge t a t i t i s by the symp to m s which t he p a t i e nt giv e s

y ou . O f c o u r se w e c a n supp o se l o t s o f t hi ng s b u t w e mu st a c t ,

o n t he a c t u a l f a c t s p re se nt e d .

D R C L Ar r z T he g e ntl e m a n has a nsw e re d D r B ige l m v

.
—
I . .

w o uld lik e to h a v e h i m giv e hi s Opi ni o n o n my qu e sti o n .

D R SM I T H . M r P re si d e nt i t i s h a rdly f a i r to c o nsid e r m e
—
.
,

the e ncycl o p e di a o f t he S o ci e ty e sp e ci a lly wh e n w e h a v e the p ro ,

.

f ossor o f m a te ri a m e d ic a o f the sch o o l h e re H e o ug ht to b e a bl e .

toa ns w e r a l l th e se qu e sti o ns .

I d o n t S p e a k a s a n a u th o ri ty b ut if de ca l c ifie d d e nti ne is
’
,

so f t a nd pu nky I d o n t b e li e v e i n l e a vi ng i t
’
,
I b e l i e v e y o u ha d .

b e tte r tak e it o ut a nd d e s troy the pulp a t o nc e b ut if by de c a l c i ,

fi c d d e nti ne y o u r e f e r to d e nti ne th a t c a n b e e a s ily re m o v e d wi th

5 52 TH E A R CH IVE S OF DE N T I S TR Y .

a n e x ca v a to r, a nd
'

y e t ha s h ar d ne ss a b o u t it
a c e rt ai na m o u nt o f ,

I sh ould l e a ve i t ra th e r th a n e xp osethe pulp I ha d a c a se the ’

.
—

p at i e nt w as a child wh e re t hi s sof t de nti ne w a s l e ft i n the c a vi ty

—
.

I t w a s t r e a te d by a d e nt i st wh o m I k ne w a nd a t fi r st I w as sur ,

p r i se d t hat he sho uld h a v e l e f t i t b u t wh e n I f o u nd wh at a ,

s ubj e c t he ha d t o d e a l wi t h I did no t bl a m e hi m ; i n f a c t I t hi nk
,

I ca n c o mplim e nt him f or ge tt i ng o ut a s m u ch a s he di d I
, .

t o o k o cc asi on t o S p e a k t o h im a b o u t i t a nd he sa i d he c o uld no t ,

d o much wi th t he p a ti e nt so he l e ft t hi s pu nky c onditi o n t r e a te d

, ,

i t wi th a nt i se p t ic s a nd p ut i n a n o xyph o sph a te filli ng o v e r the

s u rf a c e b u t y e t it se t up a n i r r it at i o n a nd i t w o uld h a v e b e e n ,

b e tte r if the to oth a six y e ar m o l ar ha d b e e n e x tra c te d at the

,
-

t im e . A s t he b e tte r w a y o u t of i t I ha d the to o t h e x tracte d , ,

a nd t he t w e lv e y e ar m o l a r c a m e r igh t i nt o pl a c e
-

S o if y o u m e a n .

d e cal ci fi e d d e nt i ne o f t h a t na t u re I b e li e v e i n r e m o vi ng i t a nd
'

, H

d estroyi ng t he p u lp .

D R CL A PP z T he ge ntl e m a n ha s a ns w e r e d my qu e st i on co m
.
—

p l e te l
y ; I did m e a n j ust t hi s l e a t he rl v c o ndi t i o n t ha t w e o fte n

fi nd i n t he d e e p p o r t i o ns o f the c a vi t i e s a nd i t i s j u st thi s so a k ed ,

c o ndi t i o n o f t he d e nt i ne t h a t I w a nte d hi s o pi ni o n c o nc e rni ng

t he a dvi sa bili ty o f re m o vi ng i t b ut I r e f e rre d m o r e p a rt icul a r ly ,

t o t he t e e t h o f a dul ts th a n Of child re n .

DR .S MI T H N o w t h at I h a v e giv e n t he g e ntl e m a n m y
—

vi e w s o n the subj e c t I w o uld lik e t o h a v e hi s

,
.

D R CLAPP . I ha v e l e f t t hi s so f te ne d d e nt i ne i n a gr e a t m any
—

c a se s a nd so f a r a s my e xp e r i e nc e go es I h a v e no t a f te r w ar d s
, ,

ha d v e r y much t r o ubl e I thi nk t ha t ra the r than e xp ose a pul p

.
,

i n a p a t i e nt o f go o d he a l th the su rr o u ndi ng c o ndi t i o ns b e i ng

’

f a v ora bl e I sh o uld p r e fe r t o l e a v e a sm a ll l ay e r di si nfe ct i n

,

,
g ,

a nd d ryi ng a s much a s p o ssibl e b e f o r e filli ng I t a pp e a r s t o m e .

t o b e a g r e a t c a l a mi ty wh e ne v e r I e xp ose the pulp i n t hi s w ay

.

o r i n a ny o t h e r w a y a nd I d o t he b e st I c a n t o a v o id d o i ng so
,
.

I t ha s b e e n m y p ra c t ic e wh e re I t ho u ght I sh o u l d e xp o se t he
,

pulp t o l e a v e thi s so f te ne d d e nt i ne b u t I h a v e se e n a f e w c ase s

, ,

w h e re d e c ay ha s u nd o ub te dly c o nti nu e d u nd e rne a th the o xypho s

ph a te o r o xyc hl or id e filli ngs I th i nk i t i s a m atte r of gre a t im .

p or t a n c e a nd
,
o ne wh e r e the b e st j udgm e nt w ill so m e t im e s go

a stra y .
 SO C IE T I E S . 5 53

D R . EDD Y w o uld j u st lik e to m e nti o n tha t hy dro na ptho l

—
I
m ayb e f e a rl e ssly u se d i n al l c a vi ti e s wi t h o u t c a u si ng a ny e sch a
r o ti c a c t i o n .

Wi th re g a rd to the sp o ngy c o ndi t i o n th at D r Cl a pp sp e a k s .

o f i t mu st b e t h o ro ughly d ri e d o u t wi t h a ho t a i r sy r i ng e
,
If .

i t c a nno t b e tho r o ughly d r i e d i t i s b e t t e r t o r e m o v e i t,

.

DR WERNER I n re g a rd t o t he qu e sti o n a sk e d by D r
.
—
.

Cl a pp I sh o uld say t h at i t w o uld d e p e nd o n the a m o u nt o f se nsi

,

b il i ty y e t l e f t i n t he p a r tly d e c a l c ifi e d l e a t h e ry p a r t of t he d e n
t i ne sp o k e n O f I f th a t still ha s sensibili ty I sh o uld b eli e v e in
.
,

t re a t i ng i t no t so much e scha ro ti ca l l y a s a nt i se p ti c a lly A ga i n .

I wi sh to a sse rt my o pi ni o n th at a fte r the for a m e n w a s cl o se d

,

a nd the t o o t h w e ll d e v e l o p e d i t w o uld no t b e a g re a t c a l a mi ty
,

f or a to o th if t he pulp w e r e d e vi ta liz e d a nd the pulp c a vi ty we ll

fill e d I a m much o f the Opi ni on t h a t a toot h i n a d e vi ta liz e d
.

c o ndi ti o n re si sts b e t te r th a n a l iv e to o th t he a tta ck s of ca r i e s .

T hi s i s p er h a p s a n e x t ra o rdi na ry sta te m e nt to m a k e a nd I k no w ,

i s c o nt ra ry to t he te a chi ng s o f g o o d a u th or i ty y e t t he m a ny ,

pulpl e ss fill e d t e e t h I se e f re e f ro m d e c a y whil e t h e i r livi ng ,

ne ighb o r s do d e c a y l e a ds m e to t hi s o pi ni o n
,
.

D R R EILL Y
. I w o uld lik e to st a te a li t tl e e xp e r i e nc e th a t
—

’
migh t c o v e r D r Cl a pp s c a se p a rtly S o m e tim e ago a y o u ng
. .

l a d c a m e t o my ch a i r wh o se f a th e r ha d g r e a t d ifli c ul ty i n g e t ti ng
’
t o go to a d e nti st s o ffic e Th e re w e re tw o e no r m o u s l a bi a l c a v
.

i t i e s i n the c e nt ra l i nci so rs I did no t a tte mp t t o e xc a v a te a t

.

a ll. I ha d b e e n c a u ti o ne d b e fore th a t i t w o uld b e haz a rd o u s to

t ry it a s he w a s a f e a rful l i t tl e f e l l o w t o ge t a l o ng wi th a nd hi s
, ,

t e e t h w e r e v e ry se nsi t iv e I simply wip e d o u t the c a vi ti e s a s

.

w e ll a s I c o uld g e tti ng th e m d ry wi th o u t c a u si ng p a i n a nd
, ,

fi ll e d t h e m wi th gu t ta p e rch a H e c a m e a g a i n a f e w w e e k s a go
-

.
,

a nd t he d e nt i ne w a s a l l th e re much h a rd e r a s I re m e mb e r i t
, , ,

t h a n it w a s o n the fi rst vi si t I re m o v e d i t the l a st tim e a nd

,

fill e d th e m wi th o u t a ny t ro ubl e N o w I do no t thi nk it is a ny r i sk .

,

to l e a v e d e ca l c i fie d d e nti ne i n the b o tto m o f a c a vi ty p ro vidi ng ,

i t i s tigh tly se a l e d ; b ut a s D r E ddy say s I sh o ul d d e p e nd m o r e

, .
,

o n t he d ryi ng p ro c e ss th a n o n t he u se o f a nt i se p tic s .

D R WERNER
. D r R e illy b ro ugh t u p a v e ry i mp o rta nt p o i nt
—
. .

M uch l e ss e xc a v a t i o n th a n is g e ne ra lly d o ne is ne c e ssa ry f o r th e

5 54 TH E A R C HI V E S OF DEN T I S TR Y .

a b so lu te c o ntr o l d e c ay a nd t h a t a l l e xc a v a ti o n th a t gi v e s p a i n
of ,

i s i n o ne se nse u ns ci e nt ific I t i s o nly ne c e ssa ry f r o m a m e ch a n

, ,
.
,

ic a l standp o i nt to re ta i n m e ta lli c filli ng s b ut I thi nk so me day

, ,

w e wi l l h a v e a pl a st ic filli ng t h a t will re qui re v e ry l i t tl e e x c a

v a t i on simply t he w ipi ng o ut o f the c a vi ty a nd t he th o ro ugh
re m o v a l o f the a c t u a l d e c a y e d p o r t i o n l e a v i ng a l l t h a t has se nsa ,

t i on t r ea t i ng the c a vi ty a nti se p tic a lly a nd wh e n i n a n a se p t ic

—
,

c ondi ti o n fill it wi th thi s pl a st ic filling The su rge ry o f to d ay i s

,
.

v e ry much m o difi e d Mu scl e s a nd b o ne a re no t cu t a w a y a s th e y

.

w e r e f ort y o r e v e n t w e nty y e a r s a go T O day iv ory i s i nse rt e d

,
.
-

a nd m a d e u se ful i n t he pl a c e O f b o ne a nd why sh oul d n ot to o t h

,

sub st a nc e t h a t ha s se nsa t i o n b e p r e se r v e d ? W e h a v e t o cu t i t
a w a y simply b e c a u s e w e h a v e t o sh a p e t he c a vi t i e s to r e ta i n t he

me t a llic filli ngs ; t h a t i s w e tre a t m e c ha ni c a lly i nste a d o f t h e ra

,

pe u ti cal l y I n the nea r fu t u re I h o p e w e sh a ll k no w b e tt e r t h a n

’

. .

t o cu t a w a y th a t which sh o uld b e sa v e d
,
I h a v e a v e ry h a r d .

li ttl e p a t i e nt wh o se p ar e nt s wi sh m e t o sav e h i s t e e t h b u t no t t o
giv e hi m p a i n a nd t he di tt l e fe ll o w will no t sta nd a ny e xc a v at i o n
,
.

H i s t e e th a r e b e i ng p re se r v e d a t t he o nly di sa dv a nt a g e o f h a vi ng
t o h a v e a g re a t m a ny t e mp o ra ry filli ng s .

D R SM I TH I do no t qui te u nd e r st a nd the l o gi c o f D r R e illy s

—
’
. .

c o nclu si ons I m ay mi su nd e rsta nd h im H e t e ll s o f a c a se

. .

c o mi ng t o him wh ere he did no t se e fi t t o e x c a v a t e ; he pl a c e d

i n t h a t c a vi ty so m e gu tta p e r ch a t he gu t ta p e r ch a af te r b e i ng
- -

i n a whil e w a s re m o v e d a nd the c a vi t y e xc a v a t e d
.
N o w ho w .

did he k no w t he d e p th of d e c a y a t the fi rst si tt i ng ? a nd no t

k no wi ng t he d e p t h o f the c a vi ty ho w did he k no w th at d e c a y ,

ha d no t g o ne o n i n th a t c a vi ty ?
D R R EI LLY . I t hi nk I w a s c a u t i o u s a b o u t t h a t sta te m e nt I
—
.

sa id t o a ll a pp e ara nc e s i t ha d no t d e c ay e d
, ,O f c o u rse I c o uld .
,

no t t e ll a b so lu t e ly o nly f ro m my e xp e r i e nc e i n e xc a v a t i ng I
,

j udg e d i t w as a b o u t t he sa m e a s whe n I fi rst sa w i t p e rh a ps a ,

li ttl e ha rd e r If w e w e re no t a bl e t o j udg e so m e t hi ng of the

.

d e p t h of d e c ay e d d e nt i ne w e w o uld b e i n c o nsta nt d a nge r o f

,

e xp o si ng t he pulp I f y o u c a nno t t e ll by the fe e li ng of y o u r

.

e xc a v a t o r w hen y o u a re ne a r t he pulp I wo uld lik e t o k no w ,

w h at y o u a r e g o i ng t o d o i n tho se c a se s wh e re y o u c a nno t se e
t he b o tto m o f the c a vi ty ?
 SO C IE T I E S . 5 55

D R . S M ITH z— c ; b ut y o u sa
y y o u did no t u se y o u r e xc a v a
to r i n t hi s c a se .

D R R EILLY
. I re a ch e d my c o nclu si o ns wh il e wipi ng o u t the
—

c a vi ty wi t h the fo r c e p s a nd c o tt on a nd I th o ugh t th e n a nd i t , ,

i s my f e e li ng s no w tha t d e c a y ha d no t g o ne o n i n th a t c a vi ty a t
,

al l
. I thi nk i t is p o ssibl e f or such a c o ndi ti o n o f a ffa i rs to e x
ist I t hi nk t h a t t hi ng s st a nd st ill i n such a c o ndi t i o n I had a ‘

c a se the day b e fo re y e ste r d a y which w a s t re ate d so m e te n y e a rs

a o a nd o n r e m o vi ng the filli ng I f o u nd the pulp c a na l s fill e d
g ,

wi t h c o tt o n Th ere w a s no o d or a t al t p e rh a p s the c o tto n w a s

.
—

sligh tly di sc o l o re d b ut t he c a vi ty w as i n a pp a re ntly t he sa m e

,

c o ndi t i o n i n whi ch i t ha d b e e n l e f t a nd i t se e m s t o me th a t if; a

’
to o th w o ul d r e m a i n i n t h a t c o ndi t i o n wi th c o tto n w hy w o uld n t ,

it b e p re se r ve d u nd e r gu tta p e r ch a I n j u st the sa m e c o ndi ti o n 7

I do n t k ndw why the g e ntl e m a n sh o u l d c o nclu de th a t it w o uld
’

d e c a y ? Wh a t l e a d s him to thi nk th at it w o uld d e c ay

D R SM I T H I d o n t k no w t h a t i t i s so b ut I h a v e r e a d so m e
,

.
’ -

,
’
wh e re th a t i n d e c ay e d d e nti ne th e r e e xi sts p e sky li ttl e bug s ,

a nd if a c a vi ty i s ste p e d up a nd t h e se mi c r o c o cci o r b a c te r i a
p , ,

ca nno t ge t a t the o xyge n which c o m e s to a c a vi ty f ro m t he o u t

sid e , th e y w ill w o r k i n t o the d e nti ne a nd d e c a lcify t he t o o th
s ub st a nc e i n t he se a r ch f o r th a t f o o d whi ch th e y liv e on I t is .

no t my t he o ry b ut I re a d it S o m e wh e re a nd i n my p r a c t ic e I
, ,

e i th e r kill t he bug s o r t a k e t he m o u t .

D R R EILLY z Th a t th e o ry m ay b e a l l r igh t b u t i t d o e s no t
.
—
,

w o r k o ut i n my p r a c t ic e T he e xp e r i e nc e t ha t I h a d wi th t hi s
.

y o u ng m a n has b e e n re p e ate d o v e r a nd o v e r I d o no t e xc a v a t .
e

c a r i o u s d e nti ne a s f a r as i t ca n b e a nd I d o n t t hi nk th a t th e o ry
’
,

w ill w o r k o ut i n a l l c a se s I f b a c te ri a are th e re a fte r the ca v it v

.

has b e e n th o ro ughly cl e a nse d a nd tigh tly ste ppe d th e y mu st ,

fi nd a n e a rly d e a th i n so m e w a y .

D R N ILE S : I a m v e ry da d t o h e a r D r R e illy sp e a k a s he
.
— 0 .

do e s . I t I s p e rf e c tly c o nsi ste nt wi th t he a cc e p te d the o r v o f

d e ca y D e c a y do e s no t p ro g re ss w he I e mo istuI e a nd o xyg e n a I e
.

e xcl ud e d th e r e f o r e a c a vi ty tho r o ughly d I ic d o u t a nd h e r m e t ic

,

a lly se a l e d i s g o o d t re a t m e nt a nd s o u nd i n th e o ry Na tu re ha s .

f orm e d a c o v e ri ng to t he ne rv e a nd a l th o ugh no thi ng b ut t he ,

m atrix o f th a t c o v e ri ng m a y r e m a i n I w o ul d no t te a r i t a w a y if ,
.
55 6 TH E A R C HIVE S OF DE N T I S TR Y .

a n a tte mp t i s to b e m a d e to sav e the ne rv e I w o uld reta i n it .

wi th i ts o d o nt o bl a sti c c o nne ct i ons wi t h the pulp I b e li e v e it i s .

t he o nly re aso na bl e t h e o re t ic a l a nd p r a ct ic a l co u rse to f o ll o w .

L e t the ne r v e a l o ne na t u r e has p r o vid e d a c ov e ri ng w hy sh o ul d ,

i t be t o rn a w ay I f th ere i s a ny i rri tati on it i s v ery e asily r e ,

m o v e d I n my o pi ni on a pulp i s ne v e r i nfl a m e d to a n e x te nt
.
,

t h a t ne e d s t re a tm e nt wh e n i t i s f re e f ro m so re ne ss by p e r cu ssi o n .

I f t h e re i s i nfl a mm ati on at al l in the pulp th e re will b e p er i oste al

di stu rb anc e to giv e w a rni ng ; b ut if the pe ri ode ntal me mb rane
i s no t i nfla m e d i t m ay be c o nclud e d t h a t the pu l p i s f re e f ro m
,

i rritat i o n; p rovi d e d o f c o u rse it ha s ne v e r b e e n p a i nf ul o r pr e vi

, ,

o u sl
y i nfl a m e d .

D R R EILLY
. I w o uld lik e to re l at e m y e xp e r i e nc e with
—

c a se s o f t hi s ki nd whi c h h a v e b e e n r igh t u nd er my e e a nd c a re
y
f or so m e tw o a nd o ne ha lf y e ar s Wh e n I fi rst be ga n t o fil l my
-

b a bi e s t e e th I m a d e i t a p o i nt t h a t t h e y w e re no t go i ng to b e
’
,

f r i gh te ne d T he e ld e st i s si x y e a rs ol d a nd ha s b e e n un
. de r ,

t re a t m e nt f o r ne arly t h r e e y e ars a nd du r i ng t ha t t im e she has ,

ne v e r e xp e r i e nc e d a ny p a i n i n t he ch a i r , a nd she wi ll c o m e t o
my Offic e a ny t im e wi t h c o nfi de nce ih f a c t she se e m s t o lik e i t ,
—
.

H e r t e e t h a re v e ry p o o r a nd i n t he fi r st t e n c a vi t i e s I did no t d o
,

a ny e xc a va t i ng wh a t e v e r I p ra ct ica lly did no t re m o v e a ny de

.

c a y e d d e nt i ne I si m ply stuck in filli ng s wh e re v er t h e re w as a

.

c a vi ty a nd d e p e nd e d e nt i re ly o n d ry ne ss a nd I h a v e had go o d ,

re sul t s f ro m i t wi t h no d e a d pulp up to t he p r e se nt t im e
,
Af .

t e r t he fi r st d re ssi ng o f c e m e nt I e nd e a v or t o re m o v e c a r i o u s
d e nti ne .

D R TAF T
. D id y o u u se a r ubb e r da m ?
—

D R. R EILLY N o S ir T he te e th we r e to o S h ort a nd i t
—
,
.

c o uld no t b e d o ne wi th o u t c a usi ng so m e p a i n My p ri ncip a l O b .

j c e t w a s to a v o id p a i n .

D R WE R NER
. Did y o u p ut i n a ny g utta p e r ch a filli ngs ?
— -

D R R E I LLY
. Y e s si r— I put i n so m e a t fi rst th e n c e m e nt
,
.
,

a nd I h a v e u se d c o pp e r a m a lg a m i n c r o w n c a vi t i e s .

D R G ILLE TT
. I t se e m s t o m e t h a t the c ase whi ch D r Re illy
-

has r e l a t e d i s m e re ly t he o rdi na ry te mp o r izi ng wi th child re n

’s

te e th the o bj e c t b e i ng t o sa v e th e m p a i n a nd the c ase w o uld be

, ,

so m
'

e wh a t diff e r e nt wi t h a dul t t e e th i n whi ch t h e re ha s b e e n a

 SO C I E T I ES . 55 7

l a rg e a m o u nt of d e c ay a nd wh e n w e e xp e c t to do p e rm a ne nt
,

w o rk I do no t see ho w th a t d e c ay e d di se ase d m a trix ca n b e

.
“

no n i rr i ta ti ng a s D r N il e s cl a im s
-

,
. .

D R N I L E s z I f i t w a s i rr i ta ti ng y o u w o uld h a v e i nfla mm a
.
—

t io n .

D R G I L L E T T I A pulp will so m e t im e s sta nd much i rr i ta t i o n

.
—

wi t h o u t sh o wi ng e vid e nc e o f i nfl a mm a ti o n A n i nfl a m e d pulp .

is no t a lw ay s p a i nful My e xp e r i e nc e wi t h d e c a l cifi e d d e nt i ne
.

u nd e r filli ngs ha s b e e n g a i ne d chi e fly f ro m re m o vi ng filli ng s which

o t h e r d e nt i sts h a v e i nse r t e d o v e r su ch d e c a l c ifi e d d e nt i ne a nd I ,

h a v e se e n m a ny c a se s w h e re the re sul ts w e r e a ny thi ng b u t sa t i s

fa c to ry .

D R N I L E s z I h a v e ha d so m e e xp e r i e nc e i n t h a t li ne my se lf
.
—

du ri ng the l a st th i rty y e a rs; a nd I h a v e g e nera lly f o u nd de cal ci

fi e d d e nt i ne u nd e r g o o d filli ng s t o b e i n a s g o o d c ondi ti o n
a s wh e n i t w as l e f t t h e r e I n m o st c a se s i t w a s l e f t th e r e
.
,

no t wi t h a ny id e a o f c o nse r v a t iv e tre a t m e nt b u t b e c a u se ,

the d e nti st w a s t o o l a zy to ta k e i t o u t I do no t b e li e v e .

t h a t de c a l c ifi e d d e nti ne t h o r o ughly cl e a nse d a nd d ri e d a nd he r

, ,

m eti cal l y sea l e d c a n do a ny h ar m wh a t e v e r to a ne r v e o r c r e a te

, ,

an
y i rr i ta t i ng e ff e c t I w o uld no t l e a v e a sl o ppy pi e c e o f de n
.

t i ne i h the b o tto m o f a c a vi ty which c o uld no t b e w e ll d ri e d ,

ne i th e r w o uld I l e a v e t he c a vi ty h a lf full o f d e c a y b e c a u se i n -

t h a t c a se I c o uld no t re aso na bly e xp e c t t h a t t h e r e w o uld b e no

i rr i ta ti o n .

D R EDD Y
. I f my m e m ory se r v e s m e r igh t D r N il e s o nc e
—
,
.

re a d a p a p e r b e f o re t he A m e r ic a n A c a d e my o f D e nta l Sci e nc e ,

i n which he sta t e d t h a t i n th o se c ase s o f de ca l c ifi e d d e nt i ne i n

the b o t to m o f the c a vi ty he i nv a r i a bly u se d a rse ni o u s a cid a nd ,

t re a te d th e m the sa m e as he w o uld a n e xp o se d pulp a nd i t w e nt ,

.

o n re c o r d N o w to nigh t he se e m s to b e a dv o c a ti ng a n e nti re ly
.
,
-

diffe re nt m e th o d .

D R N ILE S
. I sh o uld lik e to se e t h a t sta te m e nt
—
I h a ve .

w ri tte n a p a p e r o n the su bj e c t y o u will fi nd i t p ro b a bly i n t he —

b u t I d o n t thi nk y o u will fi nd t he
’
I nvl ep ende nt H a ct i t i mve r ' — .

s t a t e m e nt th e re th a t I a lw a y s de s t ro y t he ne r v e in c a se s wh e re

t h e re is d c ca l c ifi e d d e nti ne a t t he b o tto m o f t he c a v i t v Of .

c o u rse wh e re I h a v e i nfl a mm a ti o n in the pulp a nd the to o th

,
.

i s s o re I sh o uld d e s tro y t he pulp

, .
558 TH E A R C HI VE S OF DE N TI S TR Y .

D R BRIGG S
. R ul e s h av e t h e i r e x ce p ti o ns and wh e n I m a k e
—
,

the st a te m e nt t h a t I d o no t b e li e v e i n c a ppi ng pulp s I still ,

cl a im t he p r ivil e ge of h a vi ng c e rta i n e xc e p t i o ns I t se e m s to .

m e t h a t i n al l the c a se s of a c t u a l e xp o su r e t he qu e sti o n of c ap ,

pi ng the pulp i s m e r e ly o ne pf e xp e di e ncy f or t he pu rp o se o f

k e e pi ng the t o o th a l o ng Y o u do no t wi sh to d estroy the pulp
.

a t t h a t t im e pe r h a p s b e c a u se i t i s a y o u ng t e e t h ; o r p e r h a p s
, ,

y o u d re a d t he t ro ubl e a nd i nfl a mm a t i o n w hic h i s lik e ly t o e nsu e

f ro m the use o f arse ni o u s a cid a t t h a t t im e o r p o ssibly t he pa ,

t i e nt i s g o i ng a w a y I n t h ose c a se s I h a v e ha d no t ro ubl e i n
.

pu t t i ng a d re ssi ng i n which ha s k e p t the to o th qui e t f o r a l o ng

,

t im e b u t I a lw a y s e xp e c t t h a t so o ne r or l a ter I will h a v e a d e a d
,

pulp to a tte nd t o I n f a ct t he m o st of the pulp s t h a t I h a v e

.
,

c a pp e d t o p re se r v e a r e pulp s t h at a r e no t e xp o se d b ut are pro

, ,

te ct e d b y a t hi n l a y e r o f d e nt i ne p e r h a p s d e ca l cifi e d b u t which
, ,

I c o uld e a sily m a k e a se p tic M a ny ca se s of pul p stone s are the

.

re sul t o f pu tt i ng a filli ng t oo ne a r the pulp which i s i rr i ta ti ng

'

ahd c a u se s a f o r m a t i o n I n t h o se c ase s I re m o v e the i rri ta nt and

.

u t i n a d re ssi ng T h a t d re ssi ng i s m a d e by mixi ng t he o xid e

p .

o f zi nc wi t h a n a nt i se p t ic w hi ch has so m e a naesth e t i c p r o p er ty
'

say so m e e sse nt i a l o il ; t h e n c o v e r i ng t ha t wi th a t hi n l a y e r of

c opp e r pl ate a nd t h e n pu tt i ng a har d filli ng o v e r t h a t Th e re

,
.

i s a lw ay s a n u nc e r ta i nty a b o u t i t a nd f o u r e i gh t o r e v e n t w e lv e
,

y e a rs i s not a lw ay s t im e e no ugh t o p ro v e the succ e ss o f c a ppi ng

th e pulp .I t m ay b e th a t a f t e r t w e lv e y e a r s y o u fi nd a pulp
st o ne f o r m e d t h a t will giv e a l l t he t ro ubl e a nd e xhi bi t a l l t he
symp t o m s o f ne u ra lgi a I f y o u r to o th is fully for m e d it i s
.
'

"
,
'

b e tte r to ge t t he pulp o ut of t he w ay a nd to fill i t p ro p erly a nd ,

h a v e a go o d h e a l thy t e e th I t ha s b e e n sa id t hi s e v e ni ng th a t
,
.

t he o ffi c e o f t he pulp i s t o f or m t he to o th a nd wh e n the too t h

‘

ha s b e e n fully f or m e d i ts u se ful ne ss i s t o a gre ate r o r l e ss e x

‘

t e nt o v e r a nd t he t e e th can do g o o d se rvic e wi th o u t i t a nd
, , ,

t h i s Opi ni o n I a g re e wi t h .

P erh a p s r ight h e re w o uld b e a go o d pl ace to m e nt i o n so me

t hi ng whi c h I i nt e nd e d to sp e a k o f l a t er on u nd e r the hea d o f ,

I nc ide nts of O ffi ce Pra ctic e W e h a ve a l l o f us m o re or l e ss

”
.
, ,

t ro ubl e f ro m a pplyi ng a r se ni o u s a cid a nd I h a v e l a te ly f o u nd ,

t h a t w h e re the pulp i s e xp o se d I c a n by wipi ng a 20 p e r ce nt

, ,
.

so lu t i on of c o c a i ne o v er the su r f a c e i nj e ct wi t h o u t p a i n a t w e nty
,
 SO C IE T IE S . 559

pe r c e nt so lu ti o n o f c o c a i ne a nd a f te r a f e w m o m e nt s r e m o v e
.
,

t he pulp e nt i re ly a l so wi t h o u t p a i n My b ro the r a nd my se lf
, .

h a v e Op e ra te d se v e ra l t im e s o n such c a se s l a te ly wi th sa ti sfa c ti o n
t o o u rse lv e s a nd o u r p a ti e nt s I say se v e r a l c a se s b e ca u se w e
.
,

h a v e di sp o se d o f so m e o l d c a se s which ha d r e si ste d the a rse ni o u s

a cid a nd ha d b e e n h a n i ng a l o ng w a i t i ng f o r so m e t hi ng to
g
t u r n up .

DR . G ILLE TT D r B riggs re m ark s c o nc e rni ng i nj e cti ng

—
’ .

c o c a i ne so lu t io n a nd r e m o vi ng pulp s i n t hi s w a y b ro ugh t to
, ,

my mi nd t ha t t he c hi e f use t ha t I m a k e o f c o c a i ne i s i n c o nne c
t i o n wi t h a rse ni o u s a cid wh e n I a m g o i ng t o d e stro y a pulp
,
.

My m e th o d i s to m o i ste n t he e nd o f a n i nstI u m e nt a nd pick up ,

wi th i t so m e of the c o c a i ne c ry sta l s m a ki ng a p e ll et t he siz e of

,

t w o o r t h re e pi nh e a d s a nd se a l i t i n wi t h t he arse ni o u s a cid
,
I .

fi nd i t v e ry h e lpful I n c o ntro lli ng the p a i n i n c o nne cti o n wi t h

such a pplic a ti o n .

PR E S EN T A T ION O F S P E C I M EN S .

PRE S I D EN T COOKE z D r G ill e tt will S h o w a w a rm a i r a pp a

—
.
-

r a tu s.

D R G ILLE TT
. I w a s p r o mp te d by the no t e o n t he c a rd sa y
—
,

i ng t h a t a n a pp a ra t u s f o r Ob t u ndi ng d e nt i ne w o uld b e sh o w n to ,

b ri ng u p t hi s ap p a r a tu s which so m e o f yo u h a v e se e n b e f ore a s
, ,

D r B ra ck e t t e xhibi te d i t a t t he l a st m e e t i ng o f the A m e r i c a n
.

A c a d e my of D e nta l Sci e nc e Thi s i s a n a pp a ra tu s f or Ob tu ndi ng

.

s e nsi tiv e d e nti ne o f which th e r e a re b u t a f e w o f i t s ki nd i n t he

,

c o u ntry a nd t hi s p a r ticul ar o ne w a s se nt to D r B ra ck e tt by D r
,
. .

B o gu e o f N e w Y o rk I h a v e u se d i t so m e f o r the l a st t w o o r
,
.
.

t h re e w e e k s a nd fi nd t h a t i t i s p o ssibl e to p ro duc e v e ry g o o d
,

r e sul ts wi th o u t hu rt i ng t he p a t i e nt Th o se w ho h a v e u se d D r
. .

’
Wa i te s o b tu nde nt a nd h a v e g o tte n sa ti sf a c tory re su l ts wi th i t
, ,

will p e rh a p s a ppre ci a te my e xpl a na ti o n i n thi s w ay I h a v e .

u se d th a t wi th c o ns id e ra bl e succ e ss a nd lik e i t v e ry w e ll a nd I , ,

fi nd th a t I ca n do the sa m e w o rk wi th thi s a pp a ra tu s wi th t he ,

a dditi o na l g a i n t h a t i ts a pplic a t i o n i s no t p a i nful a s a r ul e It ,

.

i s simply a m e a ns o f o b ta i ni ng d ry ne ss i n the c a vi ty by t he use

o f a c o nt i nu o u s cu r re nt o f w a r m a ir .

H L UP HA M . .
,

E di tor [l a r v a r d O dontol ogi ca l S o ci e ty .

5 60 THE A R C H I VE S OF D E N T T IS R Y .

P HO SPHAT E OF ZIN C CEM E N T A S AN C HORAGE

FOR PERM AN EN T FILLING S .
*

BY 0 PE T ER
. J .YRA U E S, D . D . S S C S ,
N .
, Y .

Ab o g I
u t six e a r s a o re a a a e r e o re e ra se e
y d p p b f t h Sy cu D n
tal S o ci e ty o n th ubj c t
e s e O xy Ph ph t in which my
os, a e .
,
”

m a i n Obj e c t w a s t o b r i ng f o r wa r d the id e a of its u se a s a nch o rage

f o r a m a lg a m fi l li ng s i n p a r t icul a r Af te r the e xp er i e nce I h a v e
.

ha d wi t h t he m e tho d I h a v e no t hi ng t o r e tra ct b ut ca n r e i te ra te
, ,

wi th e mph a si s e v e ry w o rd sa id t h e n Thi s now i s no ne w u h .

, ,

tr i e d t hi ng I br i ng be f o re y o u Fo r the l ast t w o y e a rs it ha s
.

b e e n ta lk e d o f m o re o r l e ss t hro ugh o u t the c o u ntry I c o nc e iv e d .

t he id e a e a r ly i n 1 884 wh e n a l a dy c a m e t o m e f or t re a t m e nt i n
wh o se m o u t h w e r e fo u r t e e th which tw o y e a rs p re vi o u sly she
ha d b e e n t o ld w e re b e y o nd sa v ing b u t ha d ne gl e c te d h a vi ng h

t h e m e x tra c te d o n a cc o u nt o f t he d re a d o f t he o p e r a t i o n I .

t re a te d t h r e e o f t h e se t ee t h a nd fill e d t he ro o t s b ut c o uld t hi nk ,

o f no t hi ng t h a t w o uld b e re t a i ne d i n t he c r o w n b u t c e m e nt I .

w o nd e re d if a m a lga m w o uld st ick to c e m e nt a s the c e m e nt d o e s

t o t oo t h st r u c t u r e I t ri e d it a nd w as succ e ssful a nd t h o seth re e
.
, ,

fi lli ng s are i n t o d a y a nd ca n b e p r o duc e d a t a ny t im e .

T he g o o d re sul ts a tte ndi ng i t s use wi t h a m a lg a m sugg e ste d a t ,

o nc e nu me r o u s u ses t o which i t migh t b e p u t a s a nch ora g e f o r ,

go ld f o u nd at i o n f o r a ny o th e r filli ng a t o ne o p e rat i o n li ni ng f o r
, ,

t hi n w a ll s wh e n o bj e c t i o na bl e c o l o r o f filli ng m a te r i a l c o uld S h o w
t h r o ugh c e m e nt i ng filli ng s which ha d f a ll e n o u t or l oo se ne d
,

i nta ct l a st to pl a c e t e mp o ra rily o r o th e rwi se A s a n a nch o ra g e

,
.
,

i ts gr e at e st i s I b e li e v e u nd er a m a lga m fill i ng s i n c ase s of b a dly

, ,

b ro k e n d o w n m ol ar a nd bicu spid c ro w ns wh e re o n ac count o f ,

e x c e ssiv e d e c a y a nd ne a r ne ss o f the pulp re li a bl e u nd e r cu t ca n ,

not b e Ob t a i ned a nd if i t c o uld he w o uld so w e a k e n wh a t

, ,

re m a i ne d o f th e c ro w n a s t o d e p r iv e i t o f stre ngth t o c arr y the

filli ng I t i s e sp e ci a lly u se ful in m ol a r s wh e re the bucc a l sur

.

f a c e and a h a lf o r m o re o f the gri ndi ng su rf a c e i s go ne i n bicu s ,

pid s wh o se p ro xim a te su rf a c e s a re g o ne w i th a l ar ge sh are o f the

gr i ndi ng so th a t the o p e ni ng of the c a vi ty i s the full siz e of the
,

ci rcumf e re nc e of the t ooth a nd the r e m a i ni ng w a ll s t hi n I t i s .

*R e a d b e f or e t h e F ift h D i st ri ct D e nt a l S oci e ty of N ew Y or k St a te .
 SO C I E T I E S . 56 1

a s to n si hi ng ho w m a ny o f th e se l a tte r c a se s c a n b e sh a p e d a nd
c o nto ure d wi t h a ma lg a m wi th o u t a p a rticl e of the a m a lga m
be i ng in sigh t a f te r t he w o r k is fi ni sh e d I f in a n a nte r i o r
.

p ro xim a l fi l li ng p ro p e r c o nto u ri ng m a k e i t ne c e ssa ry f or so m e

O f t he a m a l g a m to S h o w the a nch o ra g e m ay b e th o r o ughly re l i e d
,

o n t o p e r mi t o f c u tt i ng o ut a sm a ll p or t i o n a nd f a ci ng wi t h g o ld .

T he sha di ng o f the t hi n w a ll s by t he a m a lg a m i s a b so lu te ly pre

v e nte d by the c e m e nt I h a v e i n my o w n m o u th a m ol ar in
.

wh ich the filli ng w a s l o o se ne d by m a sti c a t i o n fi v e ti m e s o n

a cc o u nt o f the c a vi ty b e i ng One o f t he ki nd wh e re re li a bl e
.

a nch o ra g e c o uld no t b e o b t a i ne d T he pulp fi na lly b e c a m e e x

.

p o se d fro m f re qu e nt cutti ng a w ay o f too th struc t u re and the ,

six t h filli ng w a s a nch o re d by t a ki ng a d v a nt a g e o f the p ulp

ch a mb e r o r a p o r ti o n o f i t T o use c e m e nt a s a nch ora g e f or
,
.

a m a lg a m t hi s i s t he p r o c e ss : Mix t he a m alg a m a cc o r di ng t o
,

y o u r cu sto m pl a c e o n a sl a b f o r m ixi ng c e m e nt a sm a l l qu a nt i ty
o f t he l iquid a nd p o wd e r r e a dy t o m ix
,
t h e n the c a vi ty b e i ng
,

p re p a re d d ry i t t h o ro ughly a nd k e e p i t so wh il e mixi ng the

,

c e m e nt Thi s b e i ng d o ne pl a ce a sm a ll a m o u nt i n the c avi ty

.
, ,

a nd a t o nc e up o n i t pl a c e a pi e c e o f a m a lg a m wh ich sh o uld b e ,

so m a nipul a te d wi t h t he i nstr um e nt su i te d t o the siz e a nd S h a p e

o f c a vi ty a s t o f o r c e t he c e m e nt u nd e r t he a m a lg a m a l l o v e r t he

flo o r of the c a v ity . C are sh o uld b e ta k e n to no t f or c e the

c e m e nt e nt i re ly to t he c e rvic a l e dg e i n p ro xim a l c a vi ti e s a nd ,

a n e xc e ss o f c e m e nt u se d sho ul d b e w o r k e d o u t a t a p o i nt e a sy
y _

o f a cc e ss . By thi s tim e t he c e m e nt i s h a r d e no ugh to b e e a sily

chipp e d o ff wh e ne v e r it ha s b e e n f o rc e d b e y o nd the i nne r e dg e
o f t he e na m e l .T he filli ng wi t h a m a lg a m i s p ro c e e d e d wi th a nd
fi ni sh e d i n the u su al m a nne r I t i s e sse nti a l th a t the c e m e nt
.

sh o uld no t b e sm e a re d o v e r t he e dg e s o f t he c a vi ty b u t c a r e ,

ful ly w o rk e d a l l o v c r t he d e nt i ne cl o si ng the m o u th s o f the

,

t ubuli ,
a ll o wi ng t he e na m e l e dg e f re e f o r c o nta c t wi th t he
a ma lg a m . T he e dg e s o f s uch a filli ng a re b e tte r a nd re m a i n ,

b e t t e r t h a n tho se o f t he o rdi na ry filli ng f o r the r e a so n I b e li e v e

, , ,

t h a t th e c e m e nt c o ntro l s o r a t a ny ra te l e sse ns t he sph e ro id a l

, ,

te nd e ncy in t he a m a lg a m I I I v e ry d e e p c a vi t i e s i t i s w e ll to
.

w o rk i nto t he c e m e nt a pi e c e o f h a rd e ne d a m a lg a m b e fo re i n
i nse rti ng t he f re s h a s it l e sse ns the a m o u nt o f c e m e nt ne c e ssa ry
, ,
 5 62 TH E A R C HIVE S OF DEN T I S TR Y .

a nd a so l m a lga m a nd a g a i n p re v ents t he te nd e ncy t o

of the a ,

sph e ro id
’
P ro xi m a l c a viti e s i n child re n s te e th a re v e ry e a sily
.

fill e d wi th a m alga m by thi s m e th o d a nd wi th o u t c a u si ng p a i n i n ,

cu tt i ng t oo th str uc tu re .

We no w c o m e t o the use of c e m e nts a s a nch o ra ge f or go ld .

Wi t h t hi s m ate ri al i t has a sm a ll e r fi e ld of a pplic a ti on and i n ,

my h a nd s d o e s no t yi e ld a s g oo d re sul ts a s i n the u se of a m a l
g am I
. b e li e v e t h a t D r F D Ne lli s of Sy ra cu se N e w Yor k
-

. . .
, , ,

w as the fi rst to c o nc e iv e the id e a a nd u se t he c e m e nt a s a n a n

c hor a e f o r g o ld I t i s u se ful i n t ee t h h a vi ng v e ry sh all o w c av
g .

i t i e s a nd in t h o se c a se s wh e r e whil e it is d e si ra bl e to u se g o ld
, , ,
,

the e dge s chip o r sh a l e o fl a t e v e ry a t te mp t to m a k e the ca vi ty

'
/

r e te nt iv e T he m e th o d o f use i s a s f o ll o w s
. T he r ubb e r da m ,

o f c o u r se I s u se d T he c a vi ty b e i ng r e a dy a sma l l a m o un t of
“

.
, ,

c e m e nt i s mix e d a nd pl a c e d i n i t O n t he c e m e nt p ut a .

cyli nd e r of g o ld l a rg e e no ugh to c o v e r the fl oo r o f the c a vity

, .

W drk the go ld i nto the c e m e nt a t the sa m e t im e w or ki ng the ,

l a t ter al l o v er the c a vi ty T ri m c e m e nt f ro m e dge s a nd p ro c e e d

.

wi th the filli ng m a ki ng a m e ch anic a l a nch or a g e of the go ld

,

wi th th a t a nch or e d by the c e m e nt F o il o r p e ll e t m a y b e u se d .

i n pl a c e of cyli nd e r a nd i t m ay b e c o h e siv e o r no t a nd t he fi l l
, ,

i ng fi ni sh e d wi t h sof t o r c o h e siv e g o ld b u t I t hi nk t he b e st re ,

sul t s ar e o b ta i ne d by u si ng so f t cyli nd e r o v e r t he c e m e nt co n ,

t i nni ng wi t h the sa m e a nd fi ni shi ng wi th a f e w str ip s o f a nne a l e d

f o il A v e ry go o d w ay i s to p ro c e e d to fill t he c a vi ty wi th g o ld
.

the sa m e a s if c e m e nt we r e no t t o b e u se d f o r a nch o ra g e h o ld ,

i ng the g o ld i n pl a c e wi t h a no t h e r i nstr um e nt a nd wh e n suffi e ,

i e nt ha s b e e n i nse rt e d to ni c e ly t a k e t he f o r m o f the c a vi ty t o ,

t a k e o u t pl a c e a li t tl e c e m e nt i n the c a vi ty the n f o r c e the g o ld

, ,

b a ck to pl a c e a nd a f te r w a i ti ng a mi nu te or t wo f o r the se tti ng
, ,

o o n a nd fi ni sh the filli ng I t i s no t ne c e ssar y i n t hi s w o r k t o

g
.

c o nfi ne o ne se lf to the u se of the ph osph a t e o f zi nc c e m e nt I n .

re stO I ing c o l o r t o v e ry d a i k pulpl e ss t e e th a nd w he re v e i e x t r a ,

whit e ne ss i s d e si re d t he o xychl orid e m ay b e u se d wi t h a dv a n

t a g e b ut mu st no t b e I e l ie d up o n f o r str e ng t h lik e t he o xy ph o s
-

ph a te I n sh a di ng I ge t the b e st g e ne ra l r e sul ts f ro m the y e ll o w

,

.
,

s h a de of the l a t te r Pulpl e ss te e th ge ne r a lly h a v e a bl ui sh t i nge

.
,

a nd y e ll o w se e m s to ne ut ra liz e i t v e ry e ff e c t u a lly I n r e g ar d to .
 SO C IE T IE S . 5 63

the e ff ec t o f o xyph o sph a te in d e e p c a vi t i e s i n t e e th wi th li vi ng

pulp s; i t d o e s no t se e m ne c e ssa ry f o r m e to say much h ere ,

s i nc e t he subj e c t ha s l o ng b e e n w o r n th re a db are by t he
p r of e s
sio n . H ow e v e r it mu st be b o rne i n mi nd t h a t h e re is a diff e r
,

e nc e T he c e m e nt i n u se I h a v e d e sc ri b e d i s se a l e d a w a y f ro m the
.

fluid s o f the m o u th a nd d o e s no t h a v e the sa m e e ffe c t a s wh en b e i ng

di si nte g ra te d by th o se flu id s I t re m a i ns a p e rfe c tly ine r t s ub
.

sta nc e so l o ng a s m o i stu re i s k e p t f ro m i t a nd has t he sa m e u se ,

i n t he fl o o r o f t he c a vi ty a s the v a rni sh so o f te n r e c o mm e nd e d
f o r cl o si ng the t ubuli of the d e nt i ne to p re v e nt i ng re ss o f
m o i stu re f ro m t ha t di re c ti o n I n such ca se s it i s a v e ry S impl e
.

m a tte r to to uch the b o tto m o f t he c a vi ty wi th li quid gu tta per

c ha b e f o re u si ng t he c e m e nt I n c a se s of e xp o su re wh e re ca p
.

pi ng i s d e si re d cap a cc o rdi ng t o y o u r cu sto m a nd th e n p r o c e e d

,

a s d e sc r ib e d Wh e n e x ti rp at i on i s re sorte d to I fill ro o t and

.
,

pulp ch a mb e r wi th gu t ta p e r ch a .

C A PP ING E XP O S E D P UL P S .

BY A . H . FULLE R ,
M D . .
, ST . LOUI S ,
MO .

I will ,
b r i e f m a nne r giv e so m e thi ng o f a hi sto ry of the
in a ,

p ra ctic e of c a ppi ng the e xp ose d pulp s o f te e th with a vi e w o f ,

re nd er i ng the t e e t h c o mf o r ta bl e a nd u se ful a nd a t the sa m e ,

t im e p re se r vi ng the vi tali ty o f t he c a pp e d pulp .

I n the e arly d ay s of the p ro f e ssi o n up t o a nd i ncludi ng t he ,

t im e o f H u nte r Fo x a nd B e ll t he e xp o su r e o f the pulp w a s

, ,

a lm o st e quiv a l e nt t o t he a b so lu te l o ss o f t he t o o t h ; no t f ro m

the f a ct th a t d e nti sts w e r e ig no r a nt o f t he c o ndi t i o ns ne c e ssary

f o r i t s r e t e nti o n b ut f ro m t he w a nt o f i nstrum e nts a nd a ppl i
,

a nce s wi th which to p e r f o r m Op e r a t i o ns f o r i ts p re ser v a t i o n .

W e fi nd th e m a tte mp ti ng in v a ri o u s w ay s to o v e rc o m e the
difficulti e s wi th which th e y w e re su rro u nd e d Th e y a tt e mp te d .

to sh ri nk t he pulp a nd re nd e r i t l e ss se ns i t iv e tha t t h e y m igh t ,

fill o v e r wi th o u t w o u ndi ng o r p re ssi ng up o n i t T o a cc o mpli sh .

t hi s a stri ng e nt s a nd o pi a te s w e re re so r t e d t o ; a g a i n a cid s
, , ,

a lk a li e s o r t he a c tu a l c a u te ry w e re u se d to d e st ro i t A n of
, y y .

* R e ad b e f o r
e th S o uth e n D e nt l S o c ie ty
e r t C h est r O c t o b e r 1 890
a ,
a e , ,
.
5 64 TH E AR C H I VE S or DEN TI S TR Y .

t he b o v e o p e ra ti o ns w e re ra re ly p o ssibl e a nd wh e n p ossibl e
a , ,

st il l m o r e r a re ly s ucc e ssful T he e x t ra c t i o n a nd re pl a nta t i o n o f

.

t he a chi ng to o th w a s re sor te d t o t he pulp r e m o v e d a nd t he r o o t

,

c a na l s fi l l e d i n c a se s wh e re t he m e a ns a t h a nd w o uld a dmi t .

Cl e a nsi ng t he te e th by bo ili ng b e f O I e re pl a nti ng w a s suggested ,

by H unte I .

Foll o wi ng t he a b o v e m e th o d s the o p e rat i o n o f e xci si o n had

,

i t s d ay i t s a dv o c a t e s a nd its o pp o ne nts
, Thi s c o nsi ste d in .

r e m o vi ng t he c ro w n a nd a s much o f the ro o t a nd pulp a s p ossi

b l e wi t h cu tt i ng f o r c e p s a d a p te d to t he di ffe r e nt t e e th
,
.

T he f o ll o wi ng f ro m Wa i te w o uld l e a d u s to i nfe r th at
” “

th e r e w e re t h o se i n hi s d ay a s w e ll a s a t p re se nt w ho w o uld
, ,

m o u nt a h obby a nd a tte mp t to r id e i nto p ro mi ne nc e by so d o i ng .

I n di scu ssi ng t hi s o p e ra t i on of e xci si on he say s At the p r e s ,

“

e nt p e r i o d no thi ng i s a im e d a t b u t no v e l ty ; no r do m a ny p ro
,

d uctio ns succ ee d t h a t fo ll o w t he re gul a r li ne o f g o i ng o n ; a nd

whil e m e n of sci e nc e pu rsu e h o nora bl e a nd j u st m e a ns to b ri ng
t h e m se lv e s i nt o no t i ce t h e i r r e pu ta t i o n i s f re qu e ntly su r p a sse d
,

by c ote mp o ra ri e s bro ugh t f o r w ar d by so m e lucky c o i ncid e nc e

,
.

Thi s digre ssi on m ay p o ssi bly b e e xcu se d a s i t w as i n a m e a s , ,

u re ne c e ssar y i n o r d e r t o c o nti nu e t he hi st o ry o f a tte mp t s a t

, ,

c o nse rv a ti on o f the d e nta l pulp I will c o py f ro m a f e w o f the

.

e ar li e r w r i ters o n d e nt a l s ubj e c ts to sh o w m e th o d s o f p r a c t ic e
, ,

to get h e r wi th r e sul ts a s gi v e n
J o u rd a n w r i t i ng in 1 784 say s
,
I sa w a r igh t ca ni ne to o th
,
“
,

i n a y o u ng l ady of t w e nty thre e so w o r n a w a y as t o e xp ose t he

-

c o mm e nc e m e nt o f t he pulp ca vi ty I e nl a rg e d the o peni ng .

,

ga ve v e nt t o a d ro p or t wo o f d a rk o ffe nsiv e bl o o d a nd the , ,

p a i ns which had b e en v e ry a cu te c e a se d I d e stroy e d the se nsi

, ,
.

b il ity of t hi s t oo t h wi t h c o tt o n dipp e d wi th e th e r a nd fill e d i t ,

wi th g o ld I t i s still in t he m o u th a nd giv e s no tro ubl e th o ugh

.
,

i t has a bl u e i sh hu e .

“
K o ec k e r giv e s the m e t h od pu rsu e d by him f ro m a b o u t
”

1 81 7 .H e fi rst p ro duc e d a bl a ck s c a r by b u rni ng wi t h a r e d ho t ,

-

wi re t he e xp ose d pulp ; c o v e re d t hi s wi t h a c a ppi ng o f l e a d

,

f o il a nd filli ng o v e r thi s wi t h g o ld H e ha d p re vi o u sly u se d

,
.

g o ld a,
nd a f te r war d s t i n f o il as a c a ppi ng b u t wi t h i ndiff e r e nt
, ,

succ e ss H e a tt r ibu te d the l at e r succ e sse s t o t he c o o li ng p ro p e r

.

t i e s o f t he l e ad .
 SO C I E T IE S . 565

He l
re a te s c a se a f te r c a se a nd a dd s ,
Fiv e o ut o f six te e th ca n“

b e p re se r v e d a liv e w he n thi s o p e ra ti o n i s ski l lf ul l y p e rf o r m e d .

”

H e re l a te s o ne c a se wh e r e he tre a te d a nd c a pp e d se v e n te e th ,

a nd s ucc e ssfully p re se rv e d si x o f t he pulp s a liv e f o r m a ny y e a rs .

H e fu r th e r say s t he sm a ll est e r ro r w ill i ne vi t a bly c a u se the

d e struc ti o n a nd l o ss o f the to o th H e d e v o te s te n p a ge s o f his
“
P ri ncipl e s o f D e nta l Su rg e ry to thi s subj e c t .

“
Fitch 1 835 r e c o mm e nd s the tre a t m e nt of the e xp o se d
,
”
,

pulp wi th A l e pp o g a ll s sc ra p e d U p pl a c e d o nZthe e xp o su re a nd
, ,

c ov e r e d wi th w a x ; a f e w w e e k s o r m o nth s l a t e r c a p s wi th sh e e t ,

l e a d o r pi e c e of g o ld pl a te a nd fill s wi th g o ld H e re l a te s num e r .

o u s c a se s a nd c o mpl e te succ e ss o f t hi s p ra c t ic e .

H a rri s in 1 84 0 a rch e d his go ld filli ngs o v e r the e xp o sur e

, ,

a nd c o nt i nu e d t he filli ng wi th g o ld with so m e s ucc e ss H a d

, ,

t r i e d F i t ch s m e th o d wi th i ndiff e r e nt succ e ss a nd th o ugh t

’
,
’
K o e ck e r s mu st f r o m ne c e ssi ty r e sul t i n f a ilu r e .

i n hi s w o r k a f ter givi ng so m e o f t he
”
I n 1 84 1 ,
L e f o ul o n
“
, ,

m e th o d s a nd r e m e di e s o f hi s p re d e c e sso r s a nd c o t e mp o r ari e s ,

sa y s A s f o r o u r se lv e s t h o ugh w e b e a ccu se d o f b e i ng co n
,

t ro l l e d by o ne p e r m a ne nt no ti o n t ru th c o mp e l s us to say t h a t
,

t he e mpl oym e nt o f o u r e th e re a l a l l um ino us p aste ha s e na bl e d

u s to p r e se r v e t he te e th o f o u r p a t i e nt s e v e n wh e n th e se o r g a ns ,

w e re a tta ck e d wi th m o st i nte nse i nfla m m a t io ns I ts se da t iv e .

a nd e x t ra o rdi na ry a nt i s p a s m o dic qu a li ty d o e s no t f a il to t ri
-

umph o v e r the i nfl a mm a to ry e ry t he ism o f the d e nta l ne rv o u s

sy ste m a nd i ts a pp e nd a g e s t o such a n e x t e nt t h a t a l l p a i n a nd

a l l i rr i ta t i o n c e a s e a t t he e nd o f so m e d ay s so m e t im e s o n t he ,

ne x t d a y . L e t t he i nc re dul o u s pu t us to the p r o o f a nd t e s t f o r
t h e m se lv e s the tr u t h o f o u r w o rd s .

T he a b o v e qu o ta t i o ns will sh o w a b o u t t he sta tu s o f the pro

f e ssio na l o pi ni o n a s e xp o u nd e d by t he a u th o rs o f t he th e n w o rk s
o n d e nti s t ry M o st o f th e se w e re w r it te n by p ra cti ti o ne rs w ho
.

cl a im e d sp e ci a l skill a nd w e re in a m e a su re se p a ra te d f ro m
,

e a ch o th e r a nd the p ro f e s si o n .

With t he e xc e p ti o n o f H ud so n M a y na rd a nd p o ssibly o ne
, , ,

o r t w o o th e rs t he p ra c t ic e o f re m o vi ng t he pulp s a nd filli ng t he
,

c a na l s w a s no t k no w n o r a tte mp te d H a rri s in 4 84 0 sp e a k s o f
.
, ,

th e i r o p e ra ti o ns b u t ha d a tte m p te d i t o nly in a f e w ca se s a nd
, ,

wi th indiff e re nt succ e ss .
5 66 TH E AR C H I VE S or DEN TI S T RY .

T he ne c essi ty f o r l e ast cl a imi ng to su cc e e d i n o p e ra t i o ns

, at ,

o f thi s ki nd sa vi ng pulp s
—
w a s a lm o st imp e ra tiv e -
.

I n 1 85 0 D r J D Whi te i n the N ew s L e tter sa y s

,
. . .
, T he ,

tre a t m e nt o f the e xp o se d pulp ha s giv e n r i se to gI e a t diff er e nc e

o f se nt i me nt a m o ng w e ll e duc a t e d d e nt i st s b u t m a i nly a b o u t ,

the m e a ns which sh o uld b e e mpl o y e d f or th a t pu r p o se a gr e e i ng ,

p r e tty ge ne ra lly th a t i t i s b a d p ra c t ic e to d e stro y it e nt i re ly .

But as w e l l migh t w e e xp e c t to p ro cu re a h e a l t hy funct i o n o f

the r e to muc o sum wh e n d e nud e d o f the e pid e r mi s by sub sti tu t
-

i ng o ne of o u r o w n i nv e nt i o n a s t o p ro cu re a h e a l thy f unct i o n
'

o f the pulp wh e n d e p r iv e d o f i t s na t u ra l p r o t e c t i o n t he b o ne
”
, .

Fro m a b o u t thi s t im e u ntil wi thi n a c omp ara tive r e ce nt d a te ,

i n al l m e t h o d s of c a ppi ng t he ul t im a te d e sign ha s b e e n t o se cu r e
a p ro duc t i o n o f se c o nd a r y d e nt i ne a t t he e xp o se d p o i nt o f the

pul p T he m e th o d s a nd m a ter i a l s m a d e u se of are a lm o st nu m

.

b erl e ss a nd t he succ e sse s cl a im e d are a l so e qu a lly as nu m e ro u s

,
.

Fo ra pplic a t i ons i n the t re at m e nt w e h a v e r e c o mm e nd e d to u s

i n o ur t e xt b o o k s pu re ni t ri c a cid pu re c ar b o lic a cid pu re
, , ,

c re o sote i o do fo rm dilu te chl o r id e o f zi nc i o di ne bichl or id e

, , , ,

o f m e r cu ry a nd i n f a c t e v e r y thi ng f r o m st imul a t i ng i t wi t h the

,

e l e c tr ic c a u te r y t o f e e di ng i t up o n l a c to ph o sph at e o f lim e a nd
,
-

p o wd er e d d e nt i ne Fo r c a ppi ng : the di ff e re nt c e m e nt s sto p

.

pi ng s gum s m i ne ral s e tc and the c a se s ru n fro m t he c a ppi ng

, , ,
.

of the r e ma i ni ng t hi r d o f the pulp i n t he roo t o f a l o w e r i nci sor

up on wh ich a piv o t to o t h w a s t o b e pl a c e d a n e xp o su re i n the ,

di st a l su rf a c e of a thi r d upp e r m o l a r a nd thi s suppu ra t i ng to a , ,

simpl e e xp o su r e f ro m e xc a v a t i ng a c a vi ty f o r filli ng .

O ur d e nt a l so ci e t i e s i n t h e i r r e p o rts S h o w th a t so m e a r e v e ry
succ e ssful i n t h e i r e nd e a v ors t o sa v e e xp o se d pulp s : t h a t o t h er s
’
d on t kill b a bi e s f or the sa k e o f h a vi ng a fu nera l a nd a tt e mp t ,

t o sa v e e v e ry thi ng : whil e o th e r s wh o se e xp e r i e nc e s a re j u st as ,

e x te nsiv e w hose o b se r v a t i o ns a nd o pi ni o ns are j u st a s much t o

,

b e re sp e c te d cl a im th a t a n e xp o se d pulp th a t ha s a ch e d or b e e n
,

i nfl a m e d c a n ne v e r b e c o m e h e a l th y by a ny tre a tm e nt wh atsoev e r
,
.

Th ere has b e e n wi tho u t d o ub t a gr a d ua l ch a nge i n p ra ctic e

, ,

f o r the p a st fif te e n y e ars b r o ugh t a b o u t by sa d e xp e ri e nc e s and

,

the b e tt e r k no wl e dg e of the t i ssue s i nv o lv e d ; a l so by t he imp ro v e d

e duc a t i o na l c o ndi t i o n o f t he p r o f e ssi o n a s a wh o l e D r Bl a ck . .
,
 SO C IE T IE S . 567

i n the Am e ri ca w S ystem of D ent istr y, o n T he P a th o l o gy

-
.
“
of

the D e nta l Pulp , ha s g iv e n u s, a s f ar a s a m a bl e t o j udg e , by I

far the b e st a nd m o st i nst ruc tiv e c o ntr ibu ti o n up o n thi s subj e c t
'

He c o nclud e s his six ty p a g e s o f v alu a bl e o b se r v a ti o ns a s f oll o w s

PA T HOLOGY OF TH E D EN TAL P UL P -

GENERAL C ON S I D E R A T ION S .

I n the p g Ih v f
fore go i ng a e s a e re qu e ntly a ll ud e d to the f a c t i

—
which i s a pp a re nt in a v e ry l a rg e p ro p o rti o n o f my mi c ro
s c o pic p re p ara ti o ns t h a t a ny o f t he se c o nd a r y c a l ci fi c f o r m a
—

t i o ns wi t hi n the pulp o f the to o th re sul t i n e xh a u st i on a nd fi na l ,

d e ath o f the pulp Thi s fa c t i s so p ro mi nent th a t i t se e m s to

.

m e th a t it c a nno t w e ll b e o v e rl o o k e d ; a nd y e t i n the c a p pi ng ,

o f e xp o se d pulp s i t se e m s to h a v e b e e n the th o ugh t o f the

, pr o
f e ssio n th a t t o b e a bl e t o Ob ta i n a se c o nd a ry d e p o si t u nd e r such
ci r cum stanc e s w as t o i nsu re the p e r m ane nc e o f t he h e a l th o f
the pulp Thi s w a s my o w n th o ugh t so m e y e a r s a go b ut f u r
.
,

t h e r cli nic a l e xp e r i e nc e c o mbi ne d wi t h cl o se r mic ro sc o pic a l

,

st udy o f t he subj e c t ha s c o nvi nc e d m e t h a t t hi s i s a mi sta k e .

Se c o nd ary d e p o si t s m ay a nd do i nsu re te mp o rary qui e t but

, , ,

so f a r f ro m i nsu r i ng h e a l th a r e th e y t h a t a s a m a tt e r o f fa ct , , ,

th e y b r i ng a b o u t the v e ry c o ndi ti o ns t h a t w e m o st wi sh to
a v o id the d e g e ne r a t i o n a nd fi na l d e str uc t i o n o f the pulp
—
.

I n a l arg e m a j o r i ty o f c a se s h o w e v e r thi s r e sul t i s b r o ugh t

, ,

a b o ut v e ry sl o w l y a nd t hu s ha s e s c a p e d t he no t ic e o f m o st o h
,

se r v e rs ; f o r if a n e xp o se d pulp i s c a pp e d a nd the c a vi ty fill e d ,

a nd the c a se se e m s t o d o w e ll f o r a y e a r o r t w o i t is r e g ar d e d ,

a s a succ e ss a nd i s l o st sigh t o f
,
Wh e n t hi s re tu rns so m e y e a rs
.

l a te r wi th a d e a d pulp it is tre a te d as o ne o f the g re a t m a ss o f

,

s uch c a se s t h a t a re c o nsta ntly p re se nt i ng t h e m se lv e s a nd p r o b ,

a bly no no te w a s m a d e o f t he f a c t th a t i t w a s c a pp e d a t a c e rta i n

t im e a nd w a s o ne o f t he m a ny succ e ssful c a se s
,
.

“
V e ry m a ny c a se s o f c a ppi ng p a ss o n f o r y e a rs wi th o u t a ny
d e p o si t wh a te v e r a nd se e m to re m a i n i n a p e rfe c tl y h e a l thy
,

c o nditi o n Thi s w e mu st re g a rd a s t he m o st d e si ra bl e re sul t

.

th a t c a n b e o b ta i ne d E no ugh o f th e se c a se s h a v e b e e n no te d
. .

to d e m o nst ra te the p o ssi b ili ty o f r e nd e r i ng the c o ndi ti o ns so

ne a rly no r m a l th a t no di stu rb a nc e o f t he fu nc ti o ns o f the o rg a n
o ccu rs
”
.
5 68 TH E A R C HI VE S or DEN TI S TRY .

F m my o w n e xp e r i e nc e a nd o b se r va ti o n a nd wi th a l l due
ro
‘ ‘

re g ar d f o r the e xp e r i e nc e s a nd opi ni o n o f o th ers I will sa

y , ,

wh e n th e re ha s b e e n a n e xp o su re o f t he pulp wi th a ny co n ,

si de ra bl e p a i n a s a c o nse u e nc e
q I w o uld i n a l l c a se s d e st ro y ,

a nd r e m o v e I n c ase s wh e r e f r o m t he l o c a t i o n o f the c a vi ty o r
.
,

wh e r e the su rro undi ng s w o uld no t a dmi t of a sa t i sf a c to ry o p e ra

t i o n o th e r wi se I w o uld d e vi ta liz e Wi th the r e m e di e s a t o ur
,
.

c o mm a nd t he i nc re a se d fa cili ti e s f o r d e stroyi ng a nd re m o vi ng
,

t he pulp cl e a nsi ng the c a na l s a nd the v ar i o u s m e a ns f o r h e rm e t

, ,

i cal l y filli ng t h e m t h e r e by re nd e r i ng the t oo th a b so lu te ly fre e

,

f ro m p a i nful imp re ssi o ns j u st a s se rvic e a bl e j u st a s b e a u tif ul , , ,

a nd i n a l l r e sp e c t s a s e ndu r i ng I fa il to se e ho w w e c a n j u st if y ,

o u rse lv e s o r do j u st ic e to the p a ti e nt by subj e c ti ng t h e m t o a

,

p a i nful a nd p o ssibly a n imp e rf e c t o p er a t i o n wi t h the p ro b

, , ,

a bili t i e s t h at t h e y w ill a g a i n b e o blig e d t o se e k f o r r e li e f f ro m

the sa m e o fi e ii ding m e mb e r
'

I i] c onclu si o n I w o uld a dd t ha t a cc e p t i ng t he r e a so ni ng o f
, ,

D r Bl a ck a s t he c o rre ct e xpl a na t i o n o f t he c ondi t i ons p re se nte d

.
,

I b e li e v e th ere a re c o mp ara tiv e ly a sm a ll numb e r of c a se s , ,

wh e re we are a bl e t o so p ro t e c t the e xp ose d p ulp a s to l e a v e i t

i n a nor m a l c o ndi t i o n ; a nd whil e w e S h o uld e nd e a v o r t o sa v e
the p a t i e nt t im e a nd e xp e nse w e sh o uld a l so e nd e a v o r to se cu re ,

t h e m r e li e f f ro m p a i n a nd fu t u re su ff e r i ng a nd a l so p ro te c t o ur ,

se lv e s a nd the p ro f e ssi o n f ro m the c r i t ici sm s f o ll o wi ng o p e r a

t i o ns t h a t a re w o r se t h a n f a ilu re s Si nc e my e xp e r i e nc e has .

e na bl e d m e t o di st i ngui sh t o a c e r t a i n e x t e nt b e t w e e n f a c t s a nd , ,

fa bl e s b e tw e e n the te a chi ng s of r e a so ni ng i nte llig e nc e a nd

,

e g o t i st ic a l st a t e m e nt s my p ra c t ic e ha s b e e n m o st sa t i sf a c to ry , ,

my w ay s h a v e b e e n th o se o f pl e a sa nt ne ss a nd my p a t hs th o se o f
.

c o m p ar at iv e p e a c e .

D R S . J A PRI
E W e sto n M O J C G o o d ri ch W e nt zvill e
. . C , ,
.
,
. .
,

MO J . e ,
. H K nn
e rly L e b a no n I ll P H H e lmu th H ig hl a nd
.
, ,
.
,
. .
, ,

I ll G eo Ca m e ro n C a rroll to n I ll F A G re e n N e w A lb a ny
.
,
.
, ,
.
, . .
, ,

I nd F H C a ugh e ll M o r ri so n M O J O E ppright O d e ssa

.
,
. .
, ,
.
,
. .
, ,

M O R R V a ugh a n F ul to n M O Vi si te d S t L o ui s du ri ng the
.
,
. .
, ,
.
,
.

p ast m onth .
 SO C I E T IE S . 569

O BI TUARY .

A t the .
m e e ti ng o f the S o u th e rn I lli no i s D e nt a l S o ci e ty
a nn a l u ,

h e ld i n C he ste r O c to b e r 2 1 st 1 890 the foll o wi ng re so lu ti o ns

, , , ,

e xp re ss iv e o f the se nse o f t he S o ci e ty r e l a t iv e to t he d e a th o f ,

D r H o m e r Judd a nd D r M D L a C r o ix w e r e a d o p te d
.
,
. . . .

WHEREA S T he S o u th e rn I lli no i s D e nta l S o ci e ty h a vi ng l e a rne d

,

wi th p ro fo u nd re g re t o f the d e a th o f D r H o m e r Judd si nce the .

l a st a nnu a l m e e t i ng the m e mb e rs i n c o nv e nti o n a sse mbl e d d e si re

,

a t th i s t im e b o t h i ndi vidu a lly a nd c o ll e ctiv e ly t o t e st ify t o t h e i r

, ,

high e st e e m a nd g re a t l o v e f or the lif e a nd ch a ra c te r o f the

d e c e a se d Much o f the succ e ss of the S o ci e ty i s d ue to hi s ki nd
.

h e lpi ng h and a s o ne of the f o u nd e r s a nd the a dmi ra bl e r ul e s a nd ,

b y l a ws g o v e r ni ng i t w e re l ar g e ly t he w o rk o f hi s e xp e r i e nc e
-

.
,

T he m e mb e rs o f the S o u th e rn I lli no i s D e nta l S o ci e ty will e v e r

h o ld in r e v e re nt re g a r d t he m e m o ry o f D r H o m e r Judd a nd .
,

e x te nd to hi s f a mily t h e i r re sp e c t ful s mp a t hy a nd th e S e c re t ary

y
i s h e re by re qu e st e d t o a dvi se the f a mily o f thi s a c ti o n .

C B R OHLAN D . .
,

T W PR I C H I TT Cb nwa l tf e e
. .
, .

L BE TTS .
,

WH E R E A S W e h a v e l e a rne d wi t h d e e p re g re t a nd so rro w o f
,

t he d e a t h o f o u r f r i e nd a nd p r o f e ssi o na l b ro t he r D r M D L a , . . .

C ro ix o f Le b a no n I lli no i s in the p r im e of his y o u ng m a nh o o d

, ,

a nd u se f ul ne ss in t he d e nt a l p ro f e ssi o n i t i s h e re by
R esol ved Th a t in t he d e a th o f thi s e s tim a bl e y o u ng m a n t he
, .

S o u th e rn I lli no i s D e nta l S o ci e ty ha s l o st o ne o f i ts m o st e a r ne st
a nd e nt hu si a st ic m e mb e rs t he w o rld a u se ful a nd h o no ra bl e ci ti
,

z e n a nd t he so ci a l ci rcl e a fa i thful a nd b e l o v e d c o mp a ni o n
,

R eso l v ed Th a t o ur h e a r tf e l t sym p a thi e s a re h e re by te nd e re d

,

to the f a mily o f o u r d e c e a se d b ro th e r i n t he h o u r o f th e i r sa d ,

be re a v e m e nt
R eso l v ed Th a t t h e se r e so lu ti o ns b e e nte r e d u p o n t he re c o rd
,
s

o f thi s S o ci e ty th a t c o pi e s b e se nt to the f a mily o f t he d e c e a se d

,

a nd to the d e n ta l j o u rna l s f o r public a ti o n .

J J J I CN N E M J C . .
,

C C COR B E TT C o m m i t te e
. .
, .

R H CANINE . .
,
5 70 TH E A R C HI VE S OF DEN T I S T RY .

NORT HERN OHIO D EN TAL A SS O CIA TION .

T he t hi rty se c o nd a nnu a l m e e t i ng will b e h e ld i n O b e rli n

-

,
’
O hi o Tu e sd ay M a y 1 2th 1 891 a t te n o cl o ck A M a nd co n
, , , , . .
,

t i nne i ts se ssi o ns t h r e e d ay s .

SU B J E C TS FOR DI S C U S S I ON D e ve l o pm e nt of the T e e th . .

Pape r by D r W H W hi tsl a r Y o u ngsto w n Di scu ssi o n o p e ne d

’

,
. . . .

by D r A J D o wd s C anto n
. . .
,
.

“
T he R e cu rre nc e o f D e c a y i n T e e th Pa p e r by D r J G .
”
. . .

T e mpl e to n Pi ttsbu rgh P a a nd H i nd Sigh t

,
Pa p e r by D r
,
.
,
.
”
.

W H A tki nso n N e w Yo r k Di sc ussi o n o p e ne d by D r C R

. .
,
. . . .

Butl er Cl e v e l a nd a nd D r E J W ay e S a ndu sky

, ,
. . .
,
.

“
T he S a ni ta ry C o ndi t i o n o f t he M o u th a nd H o w B e st to ,

M a i nt a i n I t ”
Pa p e r by D r J F D o ugh e rty C a nto n Di scu s
. . . .
,
.

s i o n o p e ne d by D r W T J a ckm a n Cl e v e l and a nd D r J H
. . . . . . .

Wibl e Ca nto n ,
.

Q e rre s
p e nde ne e .

D E PO S I T PLA T E S .

EDI T OR A R C HIVE S Pl e a se a ll o w m e a wo rd i n re gar d to t he —

e l e c t r i c d e p o si t pl a t e M r E E C l a rk t he o w ne r a nd m a n
. . . .
,
'

a g e r ha s b e e n a b se nt i n t he W e st i n i t s i nt ere st m o st o f the
,

y e ar a nd I h a v e in his a b se nc e u nd e rtak e n to l o o k a f te r the

, , ,

m a ki ng o f t he pl a te s For a c o nsid e ra bl e t im e p ast the pl a te s

.
,

h a v e b ee n sa dly d e fici e nt i n go ld so m e ti m e s no t e no ugh b e i ng ,

put o n t o p r o p e rl y vulc a niz e o v e r .

I w a s u na bl e to a cco u nt f or i t k no wi ng th at full qu a nti ty of ,

go ld w as suppli e d T he se c re t ha s b e e n di sc o v e re d a nd the
.
,

t hi e f li ne d hi s p o ck e t s i nste a d o f c o a t i ng t he pl a te s wi t h g o ld ,

a nd i s no w i n j a il a w a i t I n t r i a l f o r l a r c e ny g .

T he pl a te s a s now m a d e a re al l r igh t i n e v ery re sp e c t a nd i t i s ,

h o p e d th a t a l l i ts fo rm e r f ri e nd s will a g a i n c o m e b a ck to its u se .

Yo u rs e tc ,
.
,

Ne w ark N ov 1 7th 90
,
’ . C S S TOC KTON
,
. . .
 PEROXI D E O F HYD ROGEN AN D OZONE .

THEIR A N T I sE P T I C P RO PER TIE S x -

B Y D R PAUL GI B IE R .
,

D i r ector o f the P a steu r J nsti t ute f

o N ew Y or k .

G EN T LE M EN —
Si nc e
di sco v e ry o f the p e ro xid e o f hyd ro
the

g e n by Th e n a r d i n 1 81 8 t he t h e r a p e utic a l a pplic a t i o ns o f thi s

,
,

o xyg e na te d c o mp o u nd se e m t o h a v e b e e n ne gl e c t e d b o t h by the

m e dic a l a nd su rgic a l p ro f e ssi o ns a nd it i s o nly i n the l a st

t w e nty y e ars th a t a f e w b a cte r i o l o gi sts h a v e d e m o nstr a te d the
ger micid a l p o te ncy o f thi s ch e mic a l .

A m ong the m o st e l a b o ra te re p o rts o nthe use of th i s c o mp o u nd

may b e m e nti o ne d th o se o f P a ul B e r t a nd R e g na r d B a ldy , ,

P é a n a nd L arriv é .

D r Mig ue l pl a c e s p e ro xid e of hyd ro g e n a t the h e a d of a l o ng

.

li st of a nti se p tic s and cl o se to the silv e r sa l ts

,
.

D r B o uchu t has d e m o nst ra t e d the a nt i se p ti c a c ti o n o f p e re x

.

ide of hyd ro g e n wh e n a ppli e d to diph th e r i t ic e x ud a ti o ns

, .

P ro f N o cart o f A lf o rt a tte nu ate s t he Vi rul e nc e o f the sy m p

.
, ,

to m a t ic m ic r o b e o f c a r bu ncl e b e f o re he d e stro y s i t by Usi ng t he ,

sa m e a nt i se p t ic .

D r E R S qu ib b ” o f B ro o kly n ha s a l so re p o rte d t he sa ti s
. . .
L
,

f a c to ry re sults which he o bt a i ne d wi th p e r o xid e o f hyd ro g e n in

t he tre a t m e nt o f i nf e c t i o u s d i se a se s .

Al th o ugh the a b o ve m e nti o ne d sci e nti sts h a v e d e m o nstra te d

-

by th e i r e xp e rim e nts th at p e ro xid e o f hyd ro ge n i s o ne o f the

m o st p o w e rful d e stroy e rs o f p a th o g e ni c mic ro b e s i ts u se i n ,

th e ra p e u tic s ha s no t b e e n a s e x te nsiv e a s it d e se r v e s to b e .

I n my o pi ni o n the r e a so nf o r its no t b e i ng i n u niv e r sa l use is the

,

difficul ty o f p ro cu ri ng it f re e f ro m hu rtful impu ri ti e s A no th e r .

o bj e c t i o n i s t he u nsta bl e ne s s o f t he c o mp o u nd which giv e s o ti na s

'

c e nt o xyg e n wh e n b ro ugh t in c o nta c t wi th o rga ni c sub sta nc e s .

*
R e d b f o e t h I nte na t i n l M e d i c l C o ng e s h l d t B e l i n G r
a e r e r o a a r s, e a r , e
m a ny o n t h e 7th f A u g u st 1 890
, o , .

’G a i l l a rd
’
s fil cd i c a l J o u r na l , M a re h , 1 889
r
x
. .
.

f T he p e ro id e o f h y d ro g e n t h a t I u se i s m a n f a t u cu re d b y M r C ha rl e s
k k
.

c
M a r h a nd , o f N e w Y o r T h i s p re p a ra t i o n i s re m a r ab l e u
f o r i ts ni f o rm
i ty i n stre ng th , p u r i ty a nd s t a b i l i ty .
5 72 TH E AR C HIVE S OF DEN T I S T R Y .

B e sid e s the fo re go i ng o bj e c t i o ns the surgic a l i nstr um e nts de

c o mp o se the p e ro xid e h e nc e if a n o p e ra t i on i s to b e p e rfo rm e d
, , ,

the su r g e o n u se s so m e o t h e r a nt i se p tic du r i ng t he p r o c e du re a nd ,

i s a pt to c o nt i nu e the a pplic a t i o n o f the sa m e a nti se p ti c i n the

sub se q u e nt d re ssi ng s .

Ne ve rth e l ess the sati sfa c to ry re sul ts which I hav e o b ta i ne d a t

,

the P a ste u r I nst i t u te o f N e w Y o r k wi t h p e r o xid e o f hyd ro g e n ,

i n the t r e a t m e nt of w o u nd s r e sul ti ng f ro m d e e p bi t e s a n d t h o se ,

which I h a v e o b se r ve d a t t he Fre nch cli nic o f N e w Y o r k in the ,

tr e a t m e nt o f ph a g e d e ni c c ha nc r es v a ric o se ulc e rs p a ra si ti c d is
, ,

e a se s o f t he s ki n a nd a l so i n t he t re a t m e nt o f o t h e r a ff e c t i o ns
,

c a u se d by ge r m s j u st ify m e I n a ddi ng my sta te m e nt a s to the

,

v a lu e o f t he d rug .

B u t i t i s no t f ro m a cli nic a l sta ndp oint t ha t I ne w re t a t

“

,
di c
tent i o n to t he a nti se p t ic v a lu e o f p e r o x id e o f hyd r o g e n
,

Wha t .

I no w wi sh i s m er e ly to gi v e a full re p o rt of the exp er im e nts

w hi ch I h a v e m a d e o n t he e ffe cts of p e ro x id e o f hyd roge n up o n
cul tu r e s of the f oll o wi ng sp e ci e s of p ath o ge ni c mic ro b e s : B a cil
l u s a nt h ra ci s b a cillu s py o eya ne ou s t he b a cilli of typh o id f e v e r
, , ,

o f A si a t ic ch o l e ra a nd o f y e ll o w f e v e r stre p to c o ccu s py o g e ne s
, , ,

mic ro b a cill u s pro digi o sus b a cillu s m e g at e rium and the b a cillu s
-

, ,

of o ste o m y e l i te s .

T he p e r o xid e o f hyd ro ge n w hic h I u se d w a s a so lu t i o n ,

yi e ldi ng fif te e n t im e s i ts v o lu m e o f o x yg e n ; b ut thi s stre ngth

r e duc e d to a b o u t c o rr e sp o ndi ng t o a b o u t e ight v o lum e s o f
o xyg e n by a ddi ng the f re sh cul t u re c o nta i ni ng the mic r o b e up o n
,

w hich I w a s e xp e rim e nt i ng I ha v e al so e x p e r im e nte d up o n ol d

.

cul tu re s l o a d e d wi th a l a rge numb e r o f t he sp o re s o f the b a cil

l u s a nth r a c i s. I n a l l c a se s my e xp e r i m e nt s w e r e m a d e wi t h a
f e w cubi c c e ntim e tre s o f the cul t u re i n ste r iliz e d t e st tub e s i n -

o r d e r t o o b ta i n a ccu r a t e re sul t s .

T he d e str uc t iv e a c t i o n o f p e ro x id e o f hyd ro g e n e v e n dilu te d ,

i n the a b o v e p r o p or ti o ns i s a lm o st i nsta nt a ne o u s
,
A f te r a c o n .

t a c t o f a f e w mi nu t e s I ha v e t r i e d t o cul tiv a t e the mic r o b e s

,

which w e re submi tte d to t he p e ro xid e b u t u nsucc e ssfully , ,

owm o the f a c t t h a t t he g e r m s ha d b e e n c o m pl e t ely d est ro y e d

'

g t .

My ne x t e xp e r im e nts w e re m a de o n t he hyd ro ph o b i c Vi r u s in
t he f o ll o wi ng m anne r
 SELE C T I O N .

I mi x d wi th ste riliz e d w a te r a sm a ll qu a nti ty of the m e dull a

e

th a t ha d b e e n ta k e n f ro m a ra bbi t th a t ha d di e d o f hyd r o ph o b i a ,

a nd to t hi s m i x tu re a dd e d a sm a ll qu a nt i ty o f p e ro xid e o f hyd ro
.

ge n . A bu nd a nt e fi e r v e sce nce to o k pl a c e a nd a s so o n a s it
'

, ,

c e as e d h a vi ng p re vi o u sly t re p hi ne d a ra bbi t I i nj e c te d a l a rg e
, ,

d o se o f the m ix t u re u nd e r t he du ra m a te r Slight e ff e rv e sc e nc e .

i mm e di a te ly to o k pl a c e a nd l a ste d a f e w m o m e nt s b u t t he a ni
, ,

m a l w a s no t m o r e di st u r b e d t h a n wh e n a n i nj e c ti o n o f t he
o r di na ry vi r u s i s giv e n Thi s r a bbi t i s still aliv e t w o m o nth s
.
,

a f te r the i no cul a t i o n .

A se co nd ra bbi t w a s i no cul ate d wi th t he sa m e hyd ropho b ic

Vi ru s which ha d no t b e e n submi tte d to the a c ti o n o f the p e re x
,

id e a nd t hi s a ni m a l di e d a t the e xpi ra t i o n of the e l e v e nt h day

, ,

wi th the symp to m s of hyd ro ph o bi a .

I a m no w e xp e r im e nti ng i n the sa m e m anne r up on the b a cillu s

t ub e r cul o si s a nd if I a m no t d e c e iv e d i n my e x pe ct a ti o n I w ill
'

, ,

b e a bl e to imp a r t t o t he p r o f e ssi o n so m e i nt e rest i ng r e sul ts .

I t i s w o r thy o f no t ic e tha t w a t e r ch a rge d u nd e r p re ssu re , ,

wi th fif te e n t im e s i ts v o lum e of pu r e o xyge n has no t the a nti

se p t ic p ro p e r t i e s o f p e r o xid e of hyd r o g e n Thi s i s d u e to the .

fa c t t h a t w he n t he p e ro xid e i s de c o mp o se d na sc e nt o xyg e n se p ~

a ra t e s i n t h a t m o st a c t iv e a nd p o t e nt o f i t s c o ndi t i o ns ne x t to t he

c o ndi t i o n o r a ll o tro pic f orm k no w n a s o z o ne

, ,
Th e re fo re i t“
.
”
,

is no t ill o gic a l t o c o nclud e th a t o z o ne i s t he a c tiv e e l e m e nt o f

p e ro xid e o f hyd ro g e n .

A l th o ugh p e ro xid e o f hyd ro g e n d e c o mp o se s ra pidly in the

p re se nc e o f o rg a nic sub sta nc e s I h a v e o b se rv e d th a t i ts de co m
,

p o si ti o n is che ck c d to so m e e x te nt by t he a ddi t i o n o f a suffi ci e nt

qu a nti ty o f gly c e ri n ; such a m ix t u re h o w e v e r :a nno t b e k e p t , ,

f o r a l o ng t im e o wi ng to the sl o w b u t c o nsta nt f o rm a ti o n o f
,

s e c o nd a ry p ro duc t s h a vi ng i rr i ta t i ng p r o p e r t i e s
,
.

B e f o re c o ncludi ng I wi sh to c all a tte nt i o n t o a ne w o xyg e n

a te d c o mp o u nd o r r a th e r o z o niz e d c o mp o u nd w hich ha s b e e n
, ,

re c e ntly di sc o v e re d a nd M r M a r ch a nd
”
al lcd l b “
c o z o ne
, gy :
y ,
. .

Thi s gl yc o z o nc re sul ts f ro m t he re a c ti o n which ta k e s p l a e c

wh e n glyc e ri n i s e xp o s e d to t he a c t i o n o f o z o ne u nd e r p re ssu re ,

-
o ne v o lum e o f glyc e ri n wi th fif te e n v o lum e s f o z o ne p ro o

duc e s g l y co z o ne .
5 74 T H E AR CH I VE S OF D E N TI S T R Y .

By submi tti ng t he b a cillu s a nth ra ci s py ocya ne o us p ro di g i o , ,

su s a nd m e g a te r ium t o the a c t i o n o f l n t h y w r a l
, gy c o z o e e e e ,

m o st i mm e di a te ly de stro y e d .

I h a ve o b se r v e d th a t the a cti o n o f gl yco z o ne up on the typ ho id

f e v e I b a cillu s a nd so m e o th e r ge I m s is much sl o w e r th a n t he
, ,

i nflu e nc e o f p e ro xid e o f hyd rog e n .

I n d re ssi ng o f w o u nd s ulc e rs e t c t he a nt i se p t i c i nflu e nc e o f

, ,
.
,

l c z o ne i s ra t h e r sl o w if c o mp a r e d wi th th a t o f p e r o xid e o f
gy o

hyd ro g e n with which it m ay h o w e v er b e mix e d a t the tim e

, , ,

o f u si ng .

’
I t ha s b e en d e m o nstr a te d i n P a ste u r s l a b o ra to ry t h a t glyc e ri n
ha s no a pp re ci a bl e a nt i se p t ic i nflu e nc e up o n the Vi r u s o f hyd ro
ph o bi a ; th e re f or e I mix e d the Vi r u s o f hyd roph o bi a wi th glyc
,

er in ,
a nd a t t he e xpi ra t i o n o f se v e r a l w e e k s a l l t he a nim a l s

which I i no cul a te d wi th th i s mixtu re di e d wi th the symp to m s of

hyd ro ph o bi a .

O nt h e c ontra ry wh en glyce ri n ha s b e e n co mbi ne d wi th oz o ne

,

t o fo r m gl y co z o ne t he c o mp o u nd d e st roy s the hyd ro ph o bic Vi r u s

,

a lm o st i nst a nt a neo u sly .

T wo m onth s a g o a ra bbi t w a s i no cul a te d wi th the hyd ro ph o bic

,

vi r u s which ha d b e e n submi tte d to t he a c t i o n o f thi s ne w co m

,

p o u nd a nd the anim a l i s st ill a liv e

,
.

I b e li ev e that the p ra c ti ti one r will me e t w ith v e ry sa t i sfa c to ry

r e sul t s Wi t h t he u se o f p e ro xid e o f hyd r o g e n f o r t he f o ll o wi ng
,

r e a so ns

1 . Thi s ch e mic a l se e m s t o h a v e no i nj u r i o u s e ff e c t up o n
a nim a l c e ll s .

2 . I t ha s a v e ry e ne r ge t ic d e str uc t iv e a c t i o n up o n v e g e ta bl e
c e ll s m ic ro b e s .

3 . I t has no t o x 1 c p ro p e r t i es ; fi v e cubic c e nt im e tr e s i nj e c te d
b e ne at h the ski n o f a gui ne a pig do no t p r o duc e any se ri o u s re-

s ul t ,
a nd i t i s a l so h ar ml e ss wh e n giv e n by the m o u th .

A s a n im m e di a t e c o ncl usi o n re sul t i ng fro m my e xp e r im e nts ,

my o pi ni o n i s t h a t p e ro x id e o f hyd ro g e n sh o uld b e u se d i n the

,

t r e a t m e nt o f di se a se s c a u se d hy e r m s if t he m i cI o bi a n e l e m e nt
”
O
g ,

i s di re c tly a cce ssibl e ; a nd i t i s p art ic ul a rly u se ful i n the t re a t

m e nt of i nfe ct i o u s di se a se s o f t he th r o at and m o u th .
 Be e fis R ece ved i .

TH E PHYS I C IAN S V I S I T I N G L I S T ’ ’
( L i ndsa y ( f B l a ki ston s) F O R
:

1 891 . Fo rti e th y e a r of its public i at on a sto n, S o n

. P Bl ki .

Cc .
, 1 01 2 W a l nu t stre e t Phil a d e lphi a , ,
Pa .

DE S C RI PT IVE A NA T O M Y OF T HE H U M AN TEE T H : By G V . .

BLA C K M D D D S Publi sh e d by t he Wilmi ng to n D ent a l

,
. .
,
. . .

Mfg C o mp a ny 1 4 1 3 F ilb e rt stre e t Phil a d e lphi a

.
, ,
.

“
PHY S I C IAN S A L L R E Q UI S I T E A C C OUN T BOOK b e i ng a
TH E
’ -

’
l e dg e r a nd a cc o u nt b o o k f o r phy sici a ns use m e e ti ng a l l the ,

re qui re m e nts o f t he l a w a nd c o u rts Publi sh e d by F A D avi s . . .

,
’

M e di c a l Publ i sh e r a nd B o o k se ll e r 1 231 F ilb e rt stre e t P hil ade l , ,

phi a P a S tyl e N o 1 900 a cc o u nts p r ic e

,
. ne t ; styl e .
, ,

N o 2 . a cc o u nt s
, ne t ,
.

A
TREA T I S E ON T HE I R RE G ULA R I T IE S OF T HE TEE T H AN D
T HEI R CORRE C T ION ; i ncludi ng wi th the a u th o r sS pI a ctice o the I
’
,
'

m e th o d s D e sig ne d f o r pI a cti tio ne r s a nd stud e nt s

.

I l l ustI a te d wi t h ne a r ly 2 000 e ng ra vi ng s ( no t e m bi ( l e w y t/o e m ,

I s

! l e ti n/ d vo l u m e)
i V o l I by JO I I N N U TT ING F ARRAR M D . . .
, ,
. .
,

DD S . H e rm a n H e l f e l d G e ne ra l A g e nt 1 271 B ro a dway
. .
, , ,

N e w Y o rk P ric e o f V o l I full c l o th
. .
,

TW E L V E L E C T URE S ON T HE S T RU C T U R E OF T II E C E N T R AT N E R
V OU S SY S T E M f o r phy sici a ns a nd stud e nts by D R L u nw m
, ,
.

ED ING E R FI a nkf o rt o n tl I e M a i n S e c o nd re vi se d e di ti o n wi th
,
'
- - -

1 33 illu st ra ti o ns T I a ns L t te d b v Willi s H a l l V i ttum M D

. , . .
,

S t Pa ul Mi nn
. E di te d by C E ug e ne R igg s A M
, . M l) ,
. .
, .

P ro f e sso r o f M e nta l a nd N e o us Di se a se s Univ e i s i ty o f M in ,

ne so ta ; M e mb e r o f t he A m e ric a n N e u ro l o gic a l A sso ci a t i n o .

F A D a vi s Publi sh e r Phil a d e lphi a P a

. .
, , ,
.

( 576)
 B ri e f m e nti o n .

DELAYE D T l l l S I ssu e has b e e n d e l ay e d o n a cc o u nt of

.
—
a nt ic
c i pa t e d ch a ng e s i n t hi s j o u rna l w hich wi l l b e a nno u nc e d ,
i n t he
fu tu re .

TH E RU
IAN ME D I C AL DE P AR TM EN T has i ssu e d a n o rd e r t h a t
SS
’

d ruggi sts a re o n no a cc o u nt t o di sp e nse m e dici ne s o n the pre .

se r ip t io ns O f d e nt i st s .

D R . E
M THO M A S a stud e nt of D r Fra nk B re w e r ( fo rm e r ly
. .
,
.

o f P a lmy ra M o ) e nj oy s a m o st e nvi a bl e p ra c t ic e i n t he b e a n
,
.

t iful ci ty o f V i e nna A u st r i a ,
.

A L A D Y S TU D EN T d e nt i stry i s d e si ro u s to o bt a i n a si tu a
in
t io n i n a d e nt a l o ffi c e a s a ssi sta nt C a n m a k e he rse lf u se ful in .

t he l a b ora t o ry Add re ss D e nt a l S tud e nt 1 1 00 Bu rli ng to n “ ”

,
.
,

st re e t M u sc at i ne
,
I o wa ,
.

SI R JOHN TO M E S i s sp e ndi ng his d e cli ni ng y e a rs v e ry c o m

f o r ta b l y a nd pl e a sa nt ly a t his d e ligh tful c o u nt ry h o m e U pw a r d ,

G o rse C a tra m V a ll e y a nd d e v o te s a g re a t d e a l o f hi s tim e to

, ,

t he li t e ra t u re o f t he d a y a nd i s re m a r k a bly st ro ng a nd w e l l ,

p re se rv e d f o r a m a n of hi s a ge .

TH TOO T H TRAN S P LAN T E D f ro m a b e ll b oy s m o u th to a

E .
-
’
’
l a dy s the fu l l d e scr ip ti o n o f whi ch i s giv e n i n t he M i sso u i
,
r

D e nta l J ou r na l o f 1 882 o np a g e 24 5 w a s e x tra c te d a f e w d ay s

, ,

a o ha vi ng d o ne f a i thful se r vic e i n i t s tr a nspl a nt e d so ck e t f o r

g ,

te n yea r s l a cki ng o ne m o nth

,
T he r o o ts w e re co nsid e r a bly a b .

so r b e d ; a l so t he e x te rna l pl a t e o f t he so ck e t w hi ch m a d e i t ,

u nfa v o ra bl e t o i mpl a nt a no t he r t o o th so a dummy a t ta ch e d ,

“
,

t o a g o l d c ro w n o n a n a dj o i ni ng ro o t w a s sub st i t u t e d i n it s ,

W M N M O R RI S ON S t L a m s
'

pl a c e . . .
,
. .

EN
[ D OF V OLU M E V IL J
Thi s bo o k must be u
re t rne d
'

to

the D e ntal L ibra ry by the l a st

date sta mp e d be l o w . it ma y
be re ne we d if the re is no
v f
re se r a tio n o r it
.

2 70 1 1 5 5
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