Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Gastroenterita cu rotavirus
(GERV)
Prof.dr.Nicolae Miu
2
Sumar
• Concluzii
3
Infectia cu Rotavirusuri
1
Linhares AC and Bresee JS, Pan Am J Public Health 2000;8(5):305–330
2
Parashar UD et al, Emerg Infect Dis 1998;4(4):561–570
Patogeneza
Patogeneza
Atrofiere microvili
*Rotavirus infection in an animal model of infection. Photographs are from an experimentally infected calf. Reproduced with
permission from Zuckerman et al, eds. Principles and Practice of Clinical Virology. 2nd ed. London: John Wiley & Sons; 1990:182.
Micrographs courtesy of Dr. Graham Hall, Berkshire, UK. Lundgren et al. Science 2000; 287: 491-494; Boshnizen et al, J Virol 2004;
78:10045-53
6
Patogeneza
mecanisme de producere a diareei
Leziunile intestinale:
↓
Implicarea altor mecanisme in patogeneza GERV:
1.Actiunea enterotoxica a glicoproteinei NSP4 * 1,2
– Productia NSP4 → cresterea nivelelor de calciu → diaree secretorie
Vârf
Hipersecreţie
Secreţie +
+
Criptă
Scor 10 7 5 8 6
severitate
ENKEFALINELE: neurotransmiţători antisecretori
Neuron enteric Neuron enteric
enkefalinergic enkefalinergic
enkefaline enkefaline
Enterocite Enterocite
• Etiologic
• Patogenic
• Simptomatic
16
Transmiterea
CONTAGIOZITATE INALTA 4
• Facilitata si de excretia asimptomatica a virusului
– inainte de aparitia simptomelor (50% din cazuri)
si
– inca o saptamana dupa terminarea simptomatologiei(30% din cazuri) 5
1
Fischer TK et al Vaccine 2004; 22S:S49-S54, 2Dennehy PH Pediatr Infect Dis J, 2000;19:S103–5;
3
Linhares AC and Bresee JS, Pan Am J Public Health 2000;8(5):305–330; 4Parashar UD et al, Emerg Infect Dis 1998:4(4):561–570
Image: Ross Whitaker/Getty Images 5.Richardson S et al.Lancet 1998;35(9119): 1844-8
17
Transmiterea
1
Fischer TK et al Vaccine 2004; 22S:S49-S54, 2Dennehy PH Pediatr Infect Dis J, 2000;19:S103–5;
3
Linhares AC and Bresee JS, Pan Am J Public Health 2000;8(5):305–330; 4Parashar UD et al, Emerg Infect Dis 1998:4(4):561–570
Image: Ross Whitaker/Getty Images 5. Fragoso M et al.Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 1986;4(1) : 87-8
18
Evolutia clinica
• Evolutia clinica:
– Perioada de incubatie 0,5 – 4 zile
– Durata simptomelor 4–8 zile
Semne de
deshidratare
Velázquez FR et al. N Engl J Med 1996; 335: 1022-1028. 2Linhares AC and Bresee JS. Pan Am J Public Health 2000; 8(5): 305–331; Kapikian A and
1
Chanock R. Rotaviruses. In: Fields B et al, editors. Fields Virology, 3rd ed; 1996:p. 1657–1708; Image: JAMA 2001;285:362
19
Evolutia clinica
D’Agostino J. Clin Pediatr 2006;45:203-212; Image: Dr. D. Mahalanabis, World Health Organization
22
1
Sandhu et al. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2001; 33: S36-39; 2Szajewska et al. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2000; 30:552–527; AAP.
3
AAP Policy. Pediatrics 2004; 114:507; 4King et al. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2003;52(RR-16):1-16.
23
1
Sandhu et al. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2001; 33: S36-39; 2Szajewska et al. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2000; 30:552–527; AAP.
3
AAP Policy. Pediatrics 2004; 114:507; 4King et al. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2003;52(RR-16):1-16.
Dieta
I.Alaptarea
• hranirea la san protejeaza nounascutii prin transfer
pasiv de anticorpi materni 1
– Prima infectie cu RV apare dupa disparitia anticorpilor
materni 1
Gastroenterita cu RV
particularitati epidemiologice
35
Infectia cu RV
afectiune frecventa si “democratica”
Infectia cu RV→ o treime din cazurile de diaree acuta la nivel global /an 1
Paraziti Necunoscuta
Escherichia
coli
Bacterii Adenovirus Adenovirus
Astrovirus Calicivirus Astrovirus Calicivirus
1
Parashar UD et al, Emerg Infect Dis 1998;4(4):561–570
Figure:Kapikian AZ, Chanock RM. Rotaviruses. In: Fields Virology 3rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott-Raven; 1996:1659
36
Sezonalitatea gastroenteritei cu RV
1000 cazuri
Medie 1997-2003
800
600
Cazuri
400
200
0
Jan-1997
Jan-1998
Jan-1999
Jan-2000
Jan-2001
Jan-2004
Jul-1997
Jul-1998
Jul-1999
Jul-2000
Jul-2001
Jan-2002
Jul-2002
Jan-2003
Jul-2003
Distributia sezoniera a cazurilor de GERV la copii <15 ani in Austria in 1997-2003 (n= 26,500)
Adapted from Rendi-Wagner P et al., Wien Klin Wochenschr 2006;118/9-10 ;280-285
37
Infectiile cu RV in Europa
• Infectiile comunitare:
prevalenta crescuta la varsta de 6 – 23 luni 1
• Infectiile nosocomiale:
prevalenta crescuta la varsta de sub 5 luni 1
Concluzii
40
Concluzii
1
Parashar et al, Emerg Infect Dis 1998 4(4) 561–570;
2
Linhares and Bresee, Pan Amer J Public Health 2000 8(5) 305–330
41
Concluzii