PRESENT

Present Perfect Simple

PERFECT

TENSE

to have + vb. la forma a 3-a ine i de trecut i de prezent, dar e asimilat prezentului. Exprim o aciune care are legtur i cu trecutul i cu prezentul NU EXIST IN LIMBA ROMN ! Exprim o aciune trecut, al crei moment nu e exprimat, nu tim c a avut loc. Obs. Cnd precizm timpul trecut folosim Past Tense Exprim rezultatele prezente ale unei aciuni trecute care exist in mintea vorbitorului, chiar dac nu le exprim rezultativ : se observ rezultatele aciunii desfurate in trecut O aciune care tocmai s-a terminat + just O aciune care a avut deja loc + already O aciune care nu a avut loc nc + yet Obs. Putem s folosim pe already n interogativ numai dac ne exprimm surpriza c aciunea a avut deja loc, altfel in interogativ i negativ folosim yet Se folosete cnd aciunea a avut loc, dar intervalul de timp a rmas deschis: this week, this month, today, lately, recently, in the past 2 years (toate acestea includ i momentul prezent) Se folosete cu aa-numitele adverbe de timp nedefinit: often, ever, never, usually Exprim o aciune care a nceput n trecut, continu n prezent, cu perspective de a continua i in viitor. Se traduce cu prezentul. have( has ) been + vb. + ing Se traduce prin prezent. Se folosete numai cu since i for. Spre deosebire de P.P. Simple cu since i for pune accentul pe continuitatea aciunii

I have finished my homework. He hasnt sang his favourite song.

Ai citit aceast carte ? = Have you read this book ? Ai citit cartea ieri / anul trecut ? = Did you read the book yesterday / last year ? i-ai splat tricoul (acum este curat). = You have washed your T-shirt.

I have just finished the book. I have already told you I havent had dinner yet. You started working at 5 oclock. Have you already finished ?! Its 5:10. Have you finished yet ? I have red two books this week. In the past 20 years he has earned a lot of money. I have often visited them. Have you ever seen London ? Am maina asta de 20 de ani. = I have had this car for 20 years. O cunosc din 1980. = I have known her since 1980.

Present Perfect Continous

Obs.

Vorbesc de o ora. = I have been talking for an hour. Inv engleza din 1995. = I have been learning English since 1995. De ct timp citeti ? Citesc de 2 ore . Cte pagini ai citit pn acum ? Am citit 100 de pagini. How long have you been reading ? I have been reading for 2 hours. How many pages have you read till now? I have read 100 pages.

P. P. Continous accentueaz durata P. P. Simple accentueaz rezultatul