NOTIUNI DE ARTROLOGIE A MEMBRELOR

POSTURE LOCOMOTION NERVOUS SYSTEM

VASCULAR SYSTEM

BONES

MUSCLES

JOINTS

JOINTS
= places where two bones come together

permit the bones to move without damaging each other

allow movements of different segments of the body and the integration of the whole body in the environment

TYPES OF JOINTS

IMMOVABLE JOINTS (fibrous joints)

schindylesis (a bone between the 2 plates of another one) Suture (cranium) Gomphosis (between the tooth and the alveolar bone)

SLIGHTLY MOVABLE JOINTS (cartilaginous joints)

Synchondrosis (base of skull) Symphysis (fibrocartilage between the two bones, e.g. vertebral bodies)

FREELY MOVABLE JOINTS (synovial joints)

ARTICULATII

FIXE (FIBROASE) SINARTROZE

SEMIMOBILE
(CARTILAGINOASE)

MOBILE (SINOVIALE) DIARTROZE

AMFIARTROZE

SINDESMOZA (tibioperonier inferioar)

SUTURA (craniu)

GOMFOZA (dini n alveole)

SINCONDROZA (temporar)

SIMFIZA (pubian, mentonier)

Clasificarea articulaiilor sinoviale dup forma suprafeelor articulare i tipul micrii

Elementele structurale ale unei articulaii sinoviale

1. 1.
2. 3. 4. 5.

Tipul articulatiei

Suprafete osoase articulare Structuri de protecie a suprafeelor osoase i amortizare a presiunilor cartilagiu hialin Structuri de adaptare a suprafeelor articulare (congruen) Fibrocartilagii : menisc, disc Structuri de meninere n poziie:

6. 7.

Capsula articular (manon fibros care se inser la periferia suprafeelor osoase articulare)
Structuri de intarire i protectie ligamente, tendoane

Structuri de alunecare -fluid sinovial, teci, burse sinoviale

8.
9.

Structuri vasculo-nervoase
Structuri de mobilizare 10. muchi ce mobilizeaz articulaia