LIPIDELE

Generaliti

Prin metode histochimice s-a pus n eviden prezena lipidelor n smal i dentin. Astfel tuburile odontoblastice din dintele complet mineralizat, se coloreaz rapid cu colorani specifici lipidelor, la fel ca i liniile incrementale ale smalului. Seciuni prin dinii cariai evideniaz prezena lipidelor n smal ca i n matricea peritubar a dentinei.

LIPIDELE
Trigliceridele

CH2OH CH OH CH2OH

R'COOH
esterificare

CH2OCOR' CHOCOR'' 3 H2O

R''COOH
hidroliza

R'''COOH

CH2OCOR'''

Acidul gras C18 : D9 adic cu 18 atomi de carbon i o dubl legtur ntre atomul de carbon 9 i 10, acidul oleic are urmtoarea formul:
CH3CH2(CH2)5CH2CH
18 17 11 10

CHCH 2(CH 2)3CH 2CH 2CH 2COOH

9 8 4 3 2 1 nr.atomului de C

LIPIDELE
Trigliceridele
Denumirea uzual Acizi grai saturai Miristic 14 CH3(CH2)12COOH Lipide din lapte Nr.atomi carbon Formula Localizare

Palmitic
Stearic Arahic Acizi grai nesaturai

16
18 20

CH3(CH2)14COOH
CH3(CH2)16COOH CH3(CH2)18COOH

General
General General

Palmitoleic
Oleic Ricinoleic Linoleic Linolenic

16
18 18 18 18

D9palmitic
D9stearic 12(OH) D9stearic D9,12stearic D9,12,15 stearic

General
General General Fosfolip. membranare Fosfolip. membranare

Arahidonic

20

D5,8,11,14 arahic

Fosfolip. membranare

LIPIDELE
Fosfogliceridele
O O H2C O C R'

O (HO-CH2-CH2-NH2) H2C O C R' Etanolamina OH O H2C O C R' Colina(HO-CH2-CH2-N+(CH3)3),OH O R'' C O CH R'' C O CH O Serina (HO-CH2-CH(NH2)COOH), O R'' C O CH OH H2C O P O CH2 CH COOH Inozitol ((CHOH)6) H2 C O P O H2COH O P OH OH OH NH2 OH
O O H2C O C R' O

OH

O O H2C O C R' O
+

R'' C O CH

H2C O P O CH2 CH 2 NH 2 OH

R'' C O CH

H2C O P O CH2 CH 2 N (CH 3)3 OH

LIPIDELE
Sfingoliceridele

LIPIDELE
Steroizii
CH 3 CH 3 O Ergocalciferol 3 CH OH Vitamina D N(CH 2 )2SOCH 3 CH CH(CH 3)2C 2 CH 3

CH

CH 3 O CH CH CH (CH 3)2 3 CH C H CH
3

Taurocolat CH 3

Colesterol
3

CH 2

CH (CH ) CH (CH ) OH 2 3 3 2 CH CH
H

Progesteron
3

3 CH 3

HO

HO
O HO

O D 3 CH 3 Aldosteron CHO H HO HO Estradiol C CH 2OH Cortizol CH 3 B CHA 3 O O

Testosteron HO CH OH 3 CH C OH

H
OH CH 3

C O

CH 2OH

LIPIDELE
Prostaglandinele

PGA sunt cetone a,b nesaturate PGE sunt cetone b hidroxilice PGF sunt 1,3 dioli

LIPIDELE
Lipoproteinele
Clasa Mrimea particulelor (nm) CM VLD L 80-1000 30-80 Densita TG CE C tea g/cm3 % % % <0.94 0.941.006 85 55 4 12 2 7 PL % 7 18 AP Princi % palele AP 2 8 A,B,C, E B, C, E

IDL
LDL

25-30
20-25

1.0061.019
1.0191.063

24
6

29
42

9
8

19
22

19
22

B, E
B

HDL

10-15

1.0631.210

15

29

47

A,C,D, E