in toata antichitatea, medicina a fost supusa rigorilor actelor religioase.

Romanii, spre
deosebire de celelalte popoare, deosebit de pragmatici in esenta lor, nu au fost adeptii
credintelor metafizice, fapt ce s-a reflectat si in conceptiile lor medicale.
MEDICINA PATRIARHALA, romana, la inceput, solicita ajutorul ANIMIST al spiritelor
binefacatoare, ndecatoare ce stapaneau natura: rauri, izvoare, lacuri, paduri, copaci,
stanci, munti, coline etc. Aceste spirite, dupa imprejurari, puteau deveni malefice, aducand
boli, ca de exemplu muntii si raurile (raceala), lacurile si baltile (malaria), padurile
(muscaturi de reptile) etc. Totul putea interveni in procesul morbid: lucrul, nasterea,
accidentul, caldura, frigul, apa, usa, pragul, vatra, camera in care locuiai, fantana; de
aceea se sustinea ca toate sunt dominate de puteri dine. insesi actele etii; casatoria, munca
campului, constructiile, calatoriile etc. erau supuse puterii supreme, care trebuia consultata
atat in cazuri de reusita, cat si de nereusita intamplatoare sau prin imbolnari. Toate aveau
spiritele lor proprii.In afara acestor spirjte. sa le spunem comunitare, fiecare om isi avea
SPIRITUL LUI PROTECTOR. Spiritul protector ii facea pe unii mai rezistenti (imuni) la
boli sau mai predispusi (genetic) la diferite imbolnari. Aceste spirite personale erau numite
\"GENII\", pe care fiecare om in parte le cinstea prin diferite ofrande, fiind considerate
drept forte dine care patroneaza pe fiecare om in parte. Aceste genii, pentru barbati, in
conceptia antica, intruchipau \"BA,RBA,TIA\", iar pentru femei erau simbolul sfant al
\"FECUNDITA,TII\". Deseori ndecatorii, in cazul sterilitatilor de orice fel, invocau
ajutorul acestor genii ale fecunditatii.
Excluzand aceste SPIRITE PROTECTOARE DE TIP GENII,
lumea antica romana mai era reprezentata de o infinitate de forte misterioase numite
NUMINA, care simbolizau orice obiect, cat de mic, si orice actiune, cat de simpla, fiind
omniprezente in toate momentele etii ,ele fiind, de asemenea, invocate in procesul de
ndecare. Toate aceste NUMINE erau considerate drept zei.
Pe o treapta superioara a aprecierilor stateau astrologii, magii ndecatori si interpretii de
suri, Misterele Orfice, Dionisiace. Dupa cum putem remarca, medicina patriarhala a fost
magico-religioasa.
Dupa ocuparea Greciei de catre romani, in perioada 150-200 i.e.n., s-a introdus la Roma
cultul zeului-medic grec ASCLEPIOS, pe care romanii l-au adoptat numindu-l Esculap de
la inceput, cum de altfel au procedat cu intreaga cultura elina.
Pentru integrarea cat mai ferma a medicinii din Grecia in lumea latina, CAIUS IULIUS
CAESAR le-a acordat medicilor greci in anul 46 i.e.n.] cetatenia romana, cu toate ca
acestia erau rezidenti in orasul celor 7 coline ] de peste un secol.Incurajat de aceste masuri
liberale, ASCLEPIADE DIN BITINA (124 - 40 i.e.n.) infiinteaza in CETATEA ETERNA,
prima scoala de medicina, careia i-au urmat si altele. De notat ca numele de Asclcpiade a
fost dat in semn de distinctie si apreciere in cinstea marelui zeu grec Asclepios.
ASCLEPIOS din mitologia greaca era considerat drept \"zeul tamaduirii\" si apreciat ca
patronul medicinci din Epidanaur. Abia in secolul III i.e.n., romanii l-au preluat sub
numele de ESCULAP, tratandu-l cu mare cinste, pe care i-au acordat-o si lui Asclepiade,
care a introdus practica medicala greaca (elina) in Roma antica, superioara de altfel din
toate punctele de vedere. Medic-filozof, Asclepiade, in srierile sale, fragmentare, a introdus
un nou concept despre patogenia procesului morbid. Daca Hipocrate atribuie aceasta
patogenie dezechilibrului dintre umori, Asclepiade, ca adept al scolii atomiste a lui
Democrit si Leucip, a pornit de la ideea ca fiinta materiala a omului, deci corpul sau, se
compune din atomi despartiti unii de altii de asa-numitii PORI (poros). intreaga ata si
manifestarile ei sunt date de MISCAREA ATOMILOR (gandire, sentimente, bucurii,
tristete, durere, mers, BOLI). Cauzele acestor miscari sunt materiale (fizice sau mecanice),
ca de exemplu: FRIGUL, CA,LDURA, LOVIREA, EFORTUL etc.
SA,NA,TATEA, dupa Asclepiade, este data de un raport echilibrat intre atomi. in-timp ce
boala este conditionata de dezechilibre avand drept cauza, in special, starea porilor. Astfel,
in metodica autorului, ar fi vorba de doua grupe de boli.
1) Boli determinate de STATUT STRICTUS (starea stransa a porilor ce impiedica
miscarea atomilor- scleroze, flbroze, calusuri, keratoze,
cheloide etc);
2) Boli determinate de STATUS LAXUS (relaxare a porilor\') ce nu mai stapaneste
distantele dintre atomi (degenerente, ahiloidoza, mucinoza
etc).
Scolile medicale din Roma s-au impus prin scrierea mai multor TRATATE aparute in
limba greaca, ca de exemplu tratatele lui SORANOS DIN EFES, ale lui ARETHAIOS DIN
CAPPADOCIA, ale lui COELIUS AURELIANUS si ale lui RUFUS DIN EFES, fiecare
avand o personalitate aparte.
Astfel, tratatul lui Arethaios se ocupa de CAUZELE, de SIMPTOMELE si de
TRATAMENTUL diferitelor BOLI ACUTE.
Tratatul lui Coelius are in vedere o descriere exhaustiva a BOLILOR ACUTE si
CRONICE, in timp ce opera lui Rufus. ce cuprinde 40 de lucrari, se limiteaza la afectiuni
CHIRURGICALE, autorul fiind chirurg militar.
Roman de origine, CATO CENZORUL, inspirat de aportul medicilor greci, scrie, la randul
sau, un TRATAT DE MEDICINA, DOMESTICA,, iar QCTAV1AN AUGUSTUS
infiinteaza prima scoala oficiala de medicina, care functioneaza timp de 3 secole, incepand
cu secolul al 2-lea, predand lectii in limba greaca.
Remarcabila a fost vasta FARMACOLOGIE MEDICALA, si ANATOMIA OCHIULUI,
cat si lucrarea \"DESPRE MIJLOACELE DE VINDECARE\" (cu medicamente de origine
VEGETALA,, ANIMALA, si MINERALA,), toate trei elaborate de medicul DIOSCORIDE
in secolul I al erei noastre.
Dupa cum ne putem da seama, epoca romana s-a caracterizat printr-un puternic AFLUX
DE LUCRA,RI SCRISE SI CHIAR DE TRATATE
Pe aceasta linie se inscrie si opera enciclopedistului AULUS CORNELII! CELSUS (sec. I
e.n.) Medicine in Ancient Rome
The Ancient Romans, like the Ancient Greeks and Ancient Egyptians, made a huge input into medicine and health, though their
input was mainly concerned with public health schemes. Though the Roman discoveries may not have been in the field of pure
medicine, poor hygiene by people was a constant source of disease, so any improvement in public health was to have a major
impact on society.
The Romans learned a great deal from the Ancient Greeks. They first came into contact with the Greeks in about 500 BC By 146
B.C. part of Greece had become a province of the Roman Empire and by 27 B.C., the Romans were in control not only of Greece
but of Greek-speaking lands around the Mediterranean. They used the ideas of the Greeks but they did not simply copy them.
Greek ideas they found impractical they ignored and it seems that the Romans were more keen on things that would lead to the
direct improvement of the quality of life of the people in their huge empire.
Medicine in Ancient Rome
The Ancient Romans, like the Ancient Greeks and Ancient Egyptians, made a huge input into medicine and health, though their
input was mainly concerned with public health schemes. Though the Roman discoveries may not have been in the field of pure
medicine, poor hygiene by people was a constant source of disease, so any improvement in public health was to have a major
impact on society.
The Romans learned a great deal from the Ancient Greeks. They first came into contact with the Greeks in about 500 BC By 146
B.C. part of Greece had become a province of the Roman Empire and by 27 B.C., the Romans were in control not only of Greece
but of Greek-speaking lands around the Mediterranean. They used the ideas of the Greeks but they did not simply copy them.
Greek ideas they found impractical they ignored and it seems that the Romans were more keen on things that would lead to the
direct improvement of the quality of life of the people in their huge empire.
Medicine in Ancient Rome
The Ancient Romans, like the Ancient Greeks and Ancient Egyptians, made a huge input
into medicine and health, though their input was mainly concerned with public health schemes.
Though the Roman discoveries may not have been in the field of pure medicine, poor hygiene by
people was a constant source of disease, so any improvement in public health was to have a major
impact on society.
The Romans learned a great deal from the Ancient Greeks. They first came into contact with the
Greeks in about 500 BC By 146 B.C. part of Greece had become a province of the Roman Empire
and by 27 B.C., the Romans were in control not only of Greece but of Greek-speaking lands around
the Mediterranean. They used the ideas of the Greeks but they did not simply copy them. Greek
ideas they found impractical they ignored and it seems that the Romans were more keen on things
that would lead to the direct improvement of the quality of life of the people in their huge empire.
Medicine in Ancient Rome
The Ancient Romans, like the Ancient Greeks and Ancient Egyptians, made a huge input into medicine and health, though their
input was mainly concerned with public health schemes. Though the Roman discoveries may not have been in the field of pure
medicine, poor hygiene by people was a constant source of disease, so any improvement in public health was to have a major
impact on society.
The Romans learned a great deal from the Ancient Greeks. They first came into contact with the Greeks in about 500 BC By 146
B.C. part of Greece had become a province of the Roman Empire and by 27 B.C., the Romans were in control not only of Greece
but of Greek-speaking lands around the Mediterranean. They used the ideas of the Greeks but they did not simply copy them.
Greek ideas they found impractical they ignored and it seems that the Romans were more keen on things that would lead to the
direct improvement of the quality of life of the people in their huge empire.
Medicine in Ancient Rome
The Ancient Romans, like the Ancient Greeks and Ancient Egyptians, made a huge input into medicine and health, though their
input was mainly concerned with public health schemes. Though the Roman discoveries may not have been in the field of pure
medicine, poor hygiene by people was a constant source of disease, so any improvement in public health was to have a major
impact on society.
The Romans learned a great deal from the Ancient Greeks. They first came into contact with the Greeks in about 500 BC By 146
B.C. part of Greece had become a province of the Roman Empire and by 27 B.C., the Romans were in control not only of Greece
but of Greek-speaking lands around the Mediterranean. They used the ideas of the Greeks but they did not simply copy them.
Greek ideas they found impractical they ignored and it seems that the Romans were more keen on things that would lead to the
direct improvement of the quality of life of the people in their huge empire.
Medicine in Ancient Rome
The Ancient Romans, like the Ancient Greeks and Ancient Egyptians, made a huge input into medicine and health, though their
input was mainly concerned with public health schemes. Though the Roman discoveries may not have been in the field of pure
medicine, poor hygiene by people was a constant source of disease, so any improvement in public health was to have a major
impact on society.
The Romans learned a great deal from the Ancient Greeks. They first came into contact with the Greeks in about 500 BC By 146
B.C. part of Greece had become a province of the Roman Empire and by 27 B.C., the Romans were in control not only of Greece
but of Greek-speaking lands around the Mediterranean. They used the ideas of the Greeks but they did not simply copy them.
Greek ideas they found impractical they ignored and it seems that the Romans were more keen on things that would lead to the
direct improvement of the quality of life of the people in their huge empire.
Medicine in Ancient Rome
The Ancient Romans, like the Ancient Greeks and Ancient Egyptians, made a huge input into medicine and health, though their
input was mainly concerned with public health schemes. Though the Roman discoveries may not have been in the field of pure
medicine, poor hygiene by people was a constant source of disease, so any improvement in public health was to have a major
impact on society.
The Romans learned a great deal from the Ancient Greeks. They first came into contact with the Greeks in about 500 BC By 146
B.C. part of Greece had become a province of the Roman Empire and by 27 B.C., the Romans were in control not only of Greece
but of Greek-speaking lands around the Mediterranean. They used the ideas of the Greeks but they did not simply copy them.
Greek ideas they found impractical they ignored and it seems that the Romans were more keen on things that would lead to the
direct improvement of the quality of life of the people in their huge empire.
Medicine in Ancient Rome
The Ancient Romans, like the Ancient Greeks and Ancient Egyptians, made a huge input into medicine and health, though their
input was mainly concerned with public health schemes. Though the Roman discoveries may not have been in the field of pure
medicine, poor hygiene by people was a constant source of disease, so any improvement in public health was to have a major
impact on society.
The Romans learned a great deal from the Ancient Greeks. They first came into contact with the Greeks in about 500 BC By 146
B.C. part of Greece had become a province of the Roman Empire and by 27 B.C., the Romans were in control not only of Greece
but of Greek-speaking lands around the Mediterranean. They used the ideas of the Greeks but they did not simply copy them.
Greek ideas they found impractical they ignored and it seems that the Romans were more keen on things that would lead to the
direct improvement of the quality of life of the people in their huge empire.
Medicine in Ancient Rome
The Ancient Romans, like the Ancient Greeks and Ancient Egyptians, made a huge input into medicine and health, though their
input was mainly concerned with public health schemes. Though the Roman discoveries may not have been in the field of pure
medicine, poor hygiene by people was a constant source of disease, so any improvement in public health was to have a major
impact on society.
The Romans learned a great deal from the Ancient Greeks. They first came into contact with the Greeks in about 500 BC By 146
B.C. part of Greece had become a province of the Roman Empire and by 27 B.C., the Romans were in control not only of Greece
but of Greek-speaking lands around the Mediterranean. They used the ideas of the Greeks but they did not simply copy them.
Greek ideas they found impractical they ignored and it seems that the Romans were more keen on things that would lead to the
direct improvement of the quality of life of the people in their huge empire.
care a fost considerata prin \"Tratatul despre medicina\" (DE MEDICA LIBRI OCTO), elaborat
de autor, \"CEA MAI IMPORTANTA, OPERA, DUPA, HIPOCRAT\", conceputa, asa cum
reiese si din titlu, in 8 volume., cel mai important volum cuprinzand \"chirurgia\". Opera lui
Celsus, caracterizata printr-o documentatie vasta, cuprinde o analiza pertinenta a
SIMPTOMATOLOGIEI bolilor, elemente foarte importante de TERAPEUTICA, si amanunte
deosebite din practica CHIRURGICALA,, referindu-se si la timpii operatori din chirurgia
abdomenului.
GALENUS (130 - 200 e.n.) sau GALENOS DIN PERGAM.
localitate din Asia Mica, adus la Roma pentru meritele sale deosebite de imparatul MARCUS
AURELIUS, a fost un adevarat savant
ENCICLOPEDIST, distingandu-se prin peste 500 DE OPERE
MEDICALE. in scrierile lui a incercat sa impace conceptia umorala a lui
Hipocrate cu conceptia solidista (atomicista) a lui Asclepiade. Facand studii si pe animale i prind
mecanismele respiratiei, cat si asupra maduvei sectionate referitoare la TRANSMITEREA
INFLUXULUI NERVOS, Galenus a avut tendinta de a transforma medicina in stiinta exacta. S-a
impus prin aleasa sa cultura in domenii foarte variate, ca de exemplu: filozofia, logica,
psihologia, retorica si filologia. Cartile lui trateaza cu multa competenta ANATOMIA,
FIZIOLOGIA, ETIOLOGIE, DIAGNOSTICUL si TERAPEUTICA, impunandu-se in
specialitati diferite, ca de exemplu:
chirurgia, oculistica, otologia, farmacologia, dietetica si igiena. Operele lui ne dau deosebite date
din domeniul osteologiei, a miologiei si a nerlor.
Relevante sunt observatiile prind neri CRAJVIENI si SPINALI, ca si datele referitoare la
fiziologia generala a sistemului nervos. A apreciat in mod deosebit masurile
profilactice,gimnastica medicala si miscarea, masajele repetate, baile si regimul alimentar.
Considerat din punct de vedere istoric ca cel din urma medic al antichitatii greco-romane, a trait
la Roma, departe de Pergam, de la varsta de 30 de ani pana la moarte. Este pe drept cuvant
considerat ca cel ce a pus bazele anatomiei umane, facand in prealabil multiple studii si
OBSERVATII EXPERIMENTALE PE ANIMALE.
Medic de mare importanta, s-a preocupat cu multa pricepere si talent deopotriva si de drept si de
matematica. A avut cea mai recunoscuta faima de PRACTICIAN, fiind ca atare apreciat in
AZNTREG EVUL MEDIU EUROPEAN
Romanii s-au ocupat de asistenta medicala nu numai a nobililor, ci si a tuturor claselor sociale.
Au ramas ca model de medicina sociala asa-numitele VALETUDINARII, care nu erau altceva
decat INFIRMERII GRATUITE PENTRU SCLAVI. De asemenea, ne-au retinut atentia numarul
mare de medici -ser, care nu erau altceva decat scla adusi din Grecia si care practicau medicina.
IGIENA COMUNALA, a reprezentat o imperioasa necesitate pentru urbanistica romana, cu atat
mai mult cu cat Cetatea Eterna, numita RUMIN A de catre fondatorii ei etrusci, intinsa pe 7
coline, avea un perimetru de 20 de km, cu o populatie de 1.700.000 de locuitori, cu un total de
peste 50.000 de locunte familiale si un numar deosebit de mare de case inchiriate, numite
\"insule\", localitatea fiind la o distanta de 15 km de varsarea in mare a Tibrului.
Fondatorii etrusci, in dorinta de a preveni morbiditatea prin MALARIE, au intreprins asanarea
MLASTINILOR, apoi romanii au introdus alimentarea cu apa a capitalei prin 11 apeducte si
1152 de fantani, majoritatea racordate la sursa principala a apeductelor. Instalatiile si institutiile
igienice erau foarte dezvoltate in lumea romana. Casele si strazile aveau canalizare eficienta
pentru scurgerea resturilor MENAJERE si a DEJECTIILOR, toate canalele varsandu-se intr-un
canal colector numit \"CLOACA,\" - \"cloca maxima\" - ce se varsa in fluul Tibru si de aici in
mare. Pentru pastrarea starii de igiena, capitala era dotata cu 856 DE BA,I private si un numar de
11 terme (saune).
Niciodata medicina romana nu a renuntat la implicarea zeilor in destinul sanitar al omului,
indiferent din ce categorie faceau parte medicii: MEDICI METODISTI (in spiritul atomist al lui
Galenus), MEDICI DE CASA, (angajati in special de nobili), MEDICI DE CABINETE
PARTICULARE (solicitati in special de negustori, arhitecti si diferiti slujbasi), MEDICI
MILITARI angajati de diferite cohorte si legiuni, MEDICI SACERDOTI, MEDICI CE
FA,CEAU VIZITE LA DOMICILIU si medici angajati de urbanitate ca sa acorde consultatii
gratuite saracilor, asistenta sociala fiind organizata de stat.
Cu toata organizarea medicala deosebita din Roma antica si cu tot progresul realizat prin
contactul cu lumea greaca, medicii din Cetatea Eterna nu puteau renunta Sa invocarea diferitelor
zeitati. Acest lucru se impunea din punctul de vedere al opiniei publice. Cel mai des erau
invocati zeii VESTA, IANUS, MARTE, NEPTUN si JUPITER. MINERVA, ca zeita a
intelepciunii, dadea limpezime in gandire si in LOGICA DIAGNOSTICULUI. IANUS proteja
caminul de boli in tot cursul anului, incepand cu prima zi din luna IANUARIE. VESTA, ca zeita
a focului domestic, proteja in ansamblul sau FOCUL VIETII. JUNONA, ca protectoare a
CA,SA,TORIILOR, era invocata la NASTERI ca aparatoare a COPILULUI SI A MAMEI, iar
JUPITER, ca zeu al tunetului si fulgerelor, proteja oamenii in TIMP DE VREME REA. El era
frecvent invocat pentru a ajuta in procesul de ndecare a celor RA,CITI.
Religia era invocata atat de medici, cat si de cetatenii de rand numai in SCOP PUR UTILITAR,
romanii fiind. in general, spirite pozitive si deosebit de pragmatice.
Ca o reminiscenta din perioada etrusca, a ramas in constiinta publica ZEITA MAMA, ca o forta
generatoare si regeneratoare a etii. Ea era invocata de toata societatea de TA,MA,DUITORI,
VINDECA,TORI, PREOTI si MEDICI in perioada graditatilor problematice si a nasterilor
patologice.
Dar romanii nu au preluat zeitati numai de la etrusci si greci (majoritatea zeitatilor nominalizate
mai sus aveau echivalente si in cultura greaca), ci si de la alte popoare ale lumii antice. Ca de
exemplu: cultul zeitei ISIS, luat de la egipteni, era invocat in caz de STERILITATE si in timpul
maternitatii. De asemenea, zeul BAAL din Canaan era solicitat tot pentru binecuvantarea
fecunditatii. O deosebita protectoare, frecvent rugata in timpul maternitatii, era zeita frigiana
CYBELE, careia i s-au ridicat impozante temple in Roma. Constanti aparatori ai oamenilor bolna
sau sanatosi si care erau unanim recunoscuti au fost ATAR GATIS (zeu frigian), SOL
INVIETUS (din panteonul persan) si tot din Persia zeul MITHRA (nascut in 25 DECEMBRIE -
ziua de CRA,CIUN) Acest zeu, ca si cultul sau deosebit de raspandit in Roma, au premers
crestinismul, cu atat mai mult, cu cat si el preconiza cele 10 porunci si avea un mod de oficiere
bisericesc aproape identic cu cel crestin.
Familia romana reprezenta o importanta unitate socio-culturala in care capul familiei oficia
CULTUL DOMESTIC pe un mic altar de langa vatra, solicitand zeilor casei in primul rand
SA,NA,TATEA care e necesara sa se afle la baza tuturor succeselor. Medicii ce paseau peste
pragul acestor case invocau, in special, gratitudinea celor doi LARI ce aparau intreaga familie.
Alti lari, la randul lor, protejau oamenii in diferite calatorii. O alta categoric de zei casnici erau
cei doi PENATI ce aveau grija de BUCATELE SERVITE in actele de CULT CASNIC, cat si in
actele de CULT PUBLIC, cand se ofereau zeilor OFRANDE sub forma de flori, fructe, n si chiar
oua.

OPERA DE SA,NA,TATE PUBLICA, si INDIVIDUALA, era
deserta nu numai de medici, ci si de diferite Colegii, ca de exemplu: COLEGIUL
GHICITORILOR, format din AUGURI care interpretau vointa zeilor in diferite BOLI prin
zborul si cantecul pasarilor; COLEGIUL HARUSPICILOR se ocupa de cercetarea maruntaielor
animalelor sacrificate, in special ficatul, prezicand in acest mod soarta diverselor imbolnari.
Aprecierile prind aspectul sceral MALEFIC, Haruspicii le obtineau din CA,RTILE SECRETE
ale etruscilor.
CONFRERIA LUPERCILOR avea ca ideal combaterea sterilitatii feminine prin flagelarea
femeilor sterile, connsi ca in acest mod le fac apte pentru o eventuala graditate.
CA,RTILE SIBILICE se consultau in scopul prevenirii unor exceptionale pericole ce amenintau
cetatea, ca de exemplu: EPIDEMII de ciuma.
Pragmatismul medical roman a determinat aparitia unei noi metode de diagnostic stiintific, si
anume UROSCOPIA, care a fost foarte mult exploatata in Evul Mediu; astfel, dupa aspectul lor
macroscopic, urinile aveau modificari de culoare in ICTERE sau PORFIRII, aveau un aspect
floculat, tulbure in ALBUMINURU, NEFRITE sau BOLI VENERICE, aveau o deosebita
vascozitate in PROSTATITE, SEMINALITE etc, apareau cu o abundenta sedimente nisipoasa in
CALCULOZE si de culoare rosu intens ii HEMATURII.
In ceea ce priveste igiena alimentara, romanii foloseau ca paste fainoase: terciuri de mei, de faina
sau de tarate, paine de grau sau de orz, adeseori framantate in lapte, la care se adaugau oua,
branza, miere sau diverse condimente. Nu rareori se alimentau si cu iipie. Leguminoasele erau
variate: varza, ceapa, usturoi, sfecla alba, laptuci, macris, castravete, bob, linte, ridichi, urzici,
frunze de hrean, praz, ciuperci, alune etc.
Carnea nu era fripta, ci MARUNTITA, in bucati mici, care erau apoi FIERTE in APA, CU
LAPTE si adaos de MA,RUNTAIE. Ea era deosebit de variata: de paun, flamingo, barza, cocor,
paal si de magar salbatic. Se serveau frecvent sosuri de peste, preferandu-se tiparul.
Erau apreciate bauturile fermentate: de mure, scoruse, gutui, nurile de fructe si mai rar \"cele de
struguri\".
Masa de pranz se servea rece, masa de baza era cina, care se termina cu un adevarat ospat
natural. Aceasta lista alimentara foarte bogata era indidualizata de medici AZN RAPORT cu
boala, starea fizica sau varsta.
In toata medicina romana se acorda o mare importanta, in aparitia si ndecarea bolilor,
SUPRANATURALULUI. Acest aspect particular a fost cuprins in conceptia finalista a lui
GALENUS si a fost transmis urmasilor sai pana in Evul Mediu ca un adevar TEOLOGIC. Acest
adevar nu este departe de provcrbialitatea: \"ce ti-e scris, in frunte ti-e pus\" sau de constatarile
stiintifice moderne prind imprimarea pe CROMOZOMUL 6 a unor semne cu carater fatalist.