Un tenismen din TOP 25,

suspendat 9 luni pentru

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Internationala vrea sa-i
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Jucatorul croat Marin Cilici, numarul 24 ATP, a fost suspendat pentru noua luni
de Federatia Internationala de tenis (ITF), dupa ce a fost depistat pozitiv cu o
substanta interzisa, la turneul de la Munchen, in primavara acestui an.

"Marin Cilici este suspendat pentru o perioada de noua luni, sanctiune

valabila de la 1 mai2013, data cand a oferit esantionul in cauza, si pana la
miezul noptii, in data de 31 ianuarie 2014. In plus, s-a decis ca rezultatele lui
Cilici la turneul de la Munchen ar trebui sa fie anulate, ceea ce inseamna ca el
va pierde punctele si premiul in bani obtinut la competitia respectiva", se arata
pe site-ul federatiei internationale.
Forul international a precizat ca Cilici a fost supus unui control antidoping in
timpul turneului de la Munchen, esantionul de urina fiind trimis la laboratorul
antidoping din Montreal, unde s-a descoperit ca proba continea nikethamide,
un stimulent.

Tenismanul a afirmat ca substanta respectiva a patruns in organismul sau

atunci cand a ingerat tablete de glucoza Coramine care fusesera cumparate
pentru el de la o farmacie. Un tribunal independent a constatat ca Marin Cilici
a ingerat nikethamide din neatentie si nu a intentionat sa isi mareasca
capacitatea de performanta, astfel ca beneficiaza de conditiile articolului 10.4
din programul antidoping, care ii da dreptul la o reducere a perioadei de
ineligibilitate in baza evaluarii gradului de vinovatie.

ITF a mai decis ca si rezultatele inregistrate de Cilici dupa turneul de la

Munchen sa fie anulate si premiile retrase.
Marin Cilici a avut bye in primul tur la Munchen, iar in runda secunda a fost
eliminat de croatul Ivan Dodig.

Nikethamide
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Nikethamide

Systematic (IUPAC) name

N,N-Diethyl-3-pyridinecarboxamide

Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.com International Drug Names
Legal status

Pharmacokinetic data
Half-life

0.5 h
Identifiers

CAS number

59-26-7

ATC code

R07AB02

PubChem

CID 5497

ChemSpider

5296

UNII

368IVD6M32

KEGG

D07408

Synonyms

Nicotinic acid diethylamide

Chemical data

Formula

C10H14N2O

Molecular mass

178.231

SMILES[show]
InChI[show]
(what is this?) (verify)
Nikethamide is a stimulant which mainly affects the respiratory cycle. Widely known by its former
trade name of Coramine, it was used in the mid-twentieth century as a medical countermeasure
against tranquilizer overdoses, before the advent of endotrachealintubation and positive-pressure
lung expansion. It is now considered to be of no value for such purposes, and may in fact be
dangerous.[1]
In alternate terminology, it is known as nicotinic acid diethylamide, which meaningfully emphasizes
its laboratory origins, and of which its common name is derived as a blend.

Contents
[hide]

1 Former and current medical use

2 Use in sports

3 References

4 External links

Former and current medical use[edit]

Coramine was used by suspected serial killer John Bodkin Adams when treating patient Gertrude
Hullett, whom he was suspected ofmurdering.[2] However, the toxicity of nikethamide is quite low
(LD50 rabbits 650 mg/Kg oral, LD50 rats 240 mg/Kg s.c.).
Theodor Morell, Adolf Hitler's personal physician, would inject the German ruler with Coramine when
Hitler was unduly sedated with barbiturates. In addition, Morell would use Coramine as part of an allpurpose "tonic" for Hitler.[3]
It is available as a short-acting over-the-counter drug in several South American and European
countries, combined with glucose in form of lozenges. It is especially useful for mountain climbers to
increase endurance at high altitudes. Contraindications
includehypertension, cardiovascular pathologies and epilepsy.[4]

Use in sports[edit]
In sports, nikethamide is listed by the World Anti-Doping Agency as a banned substance. Croatian
tennis player Marin ili was suspended from competition for nine months after he tested positive for
nikethamide in April 2013.[5] This ban was later reduced to four months after Cilic appealed and
claimed he had unintentionally ingested it in a glucose tablet bought at a pharmacy.
[6]
Polishkart driver Igor Walilko was given a two-year ban, later reduced to eighteen month, from
competition in 2010 due to testing positive for nikethamide after a win in Germany in July, 2010.[7]

References[edit]
1.

Jump up^ Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1229

2.

Jump up^ Cullen, Pamela V., "A Stranger in Blood: The Case Files on Dr
John Bodkin Adams", London, Elliott & Thompson, 2006, ISBN 1-904027-19-9

3.

Jump up^ Doyle D (February 2005). "Adolf Hitler's medical care" (PDF). J.
R. Coll. Physicians Edinb. 35 (1): 7582. ISSN 14782715. OCLC 49953788. PMID 15825245. Retrieved2009-03-15.

4.
5.

Jump up^ Nikethamid, III-3.3, Toxcenter

Jump up^ "Marin Cilic: Croatian banned for nine months". BBC News. 16
September 2013. Retrieved 16 September 2013.

6.

Jump up^ "Cilic cleared to play again after suspension reduced". Tennis. 25
October 2013. Retrieved 25 October 2013.

7.

Jump up^ FIA Igor Walilko ruling

Nikethamide

Overview
Nikethamide is a respiratory stimulant. It acts directly in the respiratory centres of brain.
Nikethamide is seldom useful except in respiratory depression due to severe chronic
bronchitis. Not used in treatment of respiratory depression due to drug overdosage.
Category:

24 Psychotherapeutic drugs
24.5 Psychostimulants, nootropics, and neurotonics

Primary Characterstics

. It is of Synthetic origin and belongs to Nicotinic acid. . The Molecular Weight of

Nikethamide is 178.23.
It is weakly acidic drug.

Pharmacokinetics
Indications
Nikethamide is primarily indicated in conditions like Asphyxia, CNS depression,Respiratory
depression.

Contraindications
Nikethamide is contraindicated in conditions like Porphyria,Hypersensitivity to any
component of product.

Drug Interactions
No data regarding the interactions of Nikethamide was found.

Interference in Pathology
No data regarding the pathological interferences produced by Nikethamide is available.

Side Effects
The symptomatic adverse reactions produced by Nikethamide are more or less tolerable
and if they become severe, they can be treated symptomatically, these include Nausea,
Itching, Breathlessness, Paresthesias, Heat sensation.

Available Brands
Click on the appropriate strength of the dosage form to view its available brands.
Single Ingredient
Inj: 250 mg/ml,

Dosage
Nikethamide's dosage details are as follows:
Dose Single Dose
Adult Dosage
1.5 g 1.5 (1.5)

Frequency

As recommended.

Route

Instructions

IV

Paedriatic Dosage ( 20 Kg. )

No data regarding the Paedriatic dosage details of Nikethamide is available.
Neonatal Dosage ( 3 Kg. )
No data regarding the neonatal dosage details of Nikethamide is available.