Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
PRIVIN EVOLUIA
ANEMIEI INFECIOASE ECVINE
IN EUROPA
REALIZATORI:
DOROFTEI VIOREL CONSTANTIN
IOANA MURESANU
1. Definitie si etiologie
Anemia infectioasa ecvina este o boala necontagioasa,
infectioasa intalnita si la alte equidae. Agentul etiologic este un virus
ARN, genul Lentivirus, care face parte din familia Retroviridae.
Formele de evolutie ale bolii sunt acuta, subacuta sau
cronica.Uneori poate fi o cauza a morbiditatii si a mortalitatii. Cea mai
des intalnita forma este cea de purtator.
2. Epidemiologie
Cei mai receptivi la infecia natural sunt caii, indiferent
de ras sau de vrst i n mai mic msur celelalte solipede
(mgarul, bardoul i catrul).
Sursa de infecie primar i totodat rezervorul de virus l
reprezint caii cu forme asimptomatice (latente), care elimin
virusul prin toate secreiile i excreiile organismului (mai ales
n timpul perioadelor febrile).Apa, furajele, aternutul,
harnaamentele i ustensilele contaminate constituie sursa
secundar de infecie.
Transmiterea infeciei se face prin intermediul insectelor
hematofage sau i prin intermediul operaiunilor sanitarveterinare (vaccinri, serumizri) dac acul seringii nu se
schimb la fiecare animal. Transmiterea pe alte ci (digestiv,
transplacentar, prin material seminal) este, de asemenea,
posibil.
Anemia infecioas are o evoluie sporadic sau
enzootic, caracter staionar i slab tendin de difuzare n
Albania
Andora
Armenia
Austria
Azerbaijian
Belarus
Belgia
Bonsnia si
Hertegovina
Bulgaria
Croatia
Cipru
Republica Ceha
Danemarca
Estonia
Finlanda
Macedonia
Franta
Georgia
Germania
Grecia
Groenlanda
Ungaria
Islanda
200
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
200
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
200
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
200
8
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
200
9
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
201
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
7
201
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
201
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
201
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
201
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
201
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
46
95
79
173
30
27
33
20
0
32
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
26
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
7
0
0
0
0
0
37
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
18
0
0
0
0
0
0
14
0
10
0
0
0
0
0
15
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
4
1
0
0
0
0
13
0
0
0
0
0
0
7
0
27
1
0
8
0
0
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
1
0
14
0
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
12
0
0
7
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
2
0
0
7
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
5
0
0
20
0
Irlanda
Italia
Letonia
Lituania
Liechtenstein
Luxemburg
Malta
Moldova
Muntenegru
Olanda
Norvegia
Polonia
Portugalia
0
4
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
16
29
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
356
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
313
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
141
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
9
0
1
0
121
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
151
3
63
0
4
0
71
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
307
3
42
0
3
0
41
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
154
2
46
0
4
Romania
170
299
399
446
544
Rusia
San Marino
Serbia
Serbia si
Muntenegru
Slovacia
Slovenia
Spania
Suedia
Elvetia
Turcia
Ucraina
Marea Britanie
29
0
0
31
0
0
196
0
3
27
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
13
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
23
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
21
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
19
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
817
548
440
20
0
2
23
0
1
29
0
2
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Grafic 1
3500
3000
Bonsnia si Hertegovina
Croatia
Franta
Germania
Italia
Romania
Rusia
Serbia
Serbia si Muntenegru
2500
2000
Moldova
1500
1000
Slovacia
Slovenia
500
0
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
Harta 1
8
2006 Ianuarie-Iunie
Harta 2
2007 Ianuarie-Iunie
9
Harta 3
2010 Ianuarie-Iunie
10
Harta 4
2013 Ianuarie-Iunie
11
12
6. Bibliografie
http://www.oie.int
- http://www.revista-ferma.ro/articole-medicina-veterinara/anemiainfectioasa-ecvina.html
http://www.merckvetmanual.com/mvm/generalized_conditions/equine_infectious_an
emia/overview_of_equine_infectious_anemia.html
http://www.aaep.org/info/horse-health?publication=756
13