Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
, dacăa n 0;
lim f ( x ) lim x n a n
x x
, dacăa n 0.
3) Funcția rațională f : R \ {x | Q( x) 0} R,
P( x) a n x n a n 1 x n 1 ... a1 x a0 lim f ( x) f (a ), a R, Q(a ) 0;
f ( x) ;
Q( x) bm x m bm1 x m1 ... b1 x b0 x a
dacă x = a și Q(a) = 0 se calculează limitele laterale;
0, dacă : n m;
an
lim f ( x) , dacă : n m;
bm
x
an
( ) n m , dacă : n
m.
bm
4) Funcția radical
f : [0, ) R, f ( x) x ; lim f ( x) a , a 0; lim x .
xa x
f : R R, f ( x ) 3 x ; lim
3
x 3 a ; lim 3 x ; lim 3 x .
xa x x
Atunci 1 , dacă a 1,
lim a n
, dacăa 1 ,
n
nuexistă , dacăa
1.
lim f ( x) .
x
Dacă 1 < b:
lim f ( x ) ;
x 0 lim f ( x) f (a ), a (0, ); lim f ( x) .
x 0 xa x
f : R \ {k | k Z } R, f ( x ) ctgx ;
lim ctgx ctga , a R \ {k | k R} ;
x a
lim ctgx lim ctgx
x 0
x 0
; x 0
x 0
.
f : [ 1,1] , , f ( x) arcsin x ;
2 2
lim arcsin x arcsin a ;
xa
f : [1,1] 0, , f ( x ) arccos x ;
lim arccos x arccos a ;
x a
f : R , , f ( x) arctgx ;
2 2
lim arctgx arctga , a R ; lim arctgx ; lim arctgx .
xa x x 2 2
lim arcctgx 0 .
x
LIMITE REMARCABILE
x x
1 1 1
lim1 lim 1 lim1 t t e ;
x
x x
x t 0
ln 1 x a x 1
lim 1 ; lim ln a, a 0, a 1 ;
x 0 x x 0 x
lim
1 x r 1 r , r R * .
x 0 x
sin x tgx arcsin x arctgx
lim 1 ; lim 1 ; lim 1 ; lim 1
x 0 x x 0 x x 0 x x 0 x
Atunci:
1) lim
xa
( f g )( x) lim f ( x) lim g ( x) l1 l 2 ; Caz exceptat:
x a xa
;
2) lim cf ( x) c lim f ( x ) cl1 ;
xa xa
lim f ( x )
4) lim
f ( x)
xa
l1 ; Cazuri exceptate: 0 ; ;
xa g ( x) lim g ( x) l 2 0
xa
5) lim | f ( x) | | lim f ( x) | = | l1 |;
xa x a
Aplicații:
x 2 3x 1 x 2 3x 1 x 2 3x 1
lim lim lim
d) x 2 x 3 x 3 e) x 5x 2 2 f) x 5 x 4
lim 2 x 1 h) lim 3 x 1 3
2x3 x 1
g) x 3 x i) xlim
lim 5 x ;
x
lim 3 x : lim 3 2 x 3x x2
J) x 3 K) x lim lim
x 5
L) x 3 x 4 x M) x 2 x
lim lg x ;o) lim log 1 x lim log 1 x
x 0 x 0 x
n) x 0 x 0 3 p) 2
lim log 5 x
; xx 0
0
q) lim sin x ; lim sin x lim cos x
; lim cos x
x x x x
2 4 R) 3 4
(1 4 x ) 2 1 sin 4 x tg 3 x arcsin 5 x
lim lim lim lim
E) x 0 x F) x 0 x G) x 0 2 x H) x 0 x I)
arctg 3 x
lim
x 0 2x