Lucrarea nr.

3
CALCULUL UNEI STRUCTURI CU ZBRELE PLANE PRIN METODA
ELEMETELOR FINITE
La structura cu zabrele plana, rezemata si incarcata ca in figura ,
efectuand un calcul de ordinul I (geometric liniar ) prin MEF, se cere sa se
determine :
a) Deplasarile nodurilor si alura deformatei structurii;
b) Reactiunile structurii;
c) Eforturile din elementele finite in sistemul de referinta local al
fiecarui element finit;
d) Tensiunile din centrul elementelor finite;
e) Verificarea rezultatelor obtinute prin calcul manual cu ajutorul
unui program de calcul automat bazat pe MEF (TRUSS,etc).
Barele orizintale si cele verticale ale structurii (talpile si montantii ) sunt
alcatuite din doua profile metalice laminate U,iar bara inclinata (diagonala)
dintr-un singur profil de acelasi tip (marimea profilului este data in tabel, functie
de numarul de ordine n al studentului.
Date numerice:
E=210000N/ mm 2
=0.3;
P=5n KN=514 KN=70 KN
l1=l=4m
l2=3m=0.75l
profil U18 A=2800 mm 2
T = 0 (coeficientul de dilatare termica liniara)

Rezolvare:

2A

2P

2A

l2

2A
2A

l1=l
1.Analiza modelului structural discretizat
y

D8

P
4

2EA
3

2EA4

EA
5
1

1
RV1

2EA
l1=l

2P
3
2 2EA
2 RH2

D7

D6

l2
x

D1

RV2

D5

D2

D4

D3

D1 D1x u1
F1 F1x 0

D
F F1 y

D1 y v1

2

2 RV 1

D3 D2 x u 2
F3 F2 x R H 2

D4 D2 y v 2
F4 F2 y RV 2
{ D} = = = ; { P} = = =
D5 D3 x u 3
F5 F3 x 2 P
D6 D3 y v3
F6 F3 y 0

D7 D4 x u 4
F7 F4 x 0
D D v
F F P

8 4y 4
8 4y

2. Analiza elementala

x
EAl
y

u1
;
u2

le

Ee Ae
le

N1

N2

{ Se } =

[ ke ] { d e } = { S e }
ke =

u1

N1
{ de } =

N2

u2

1 1

1 1

Elementul 1:

[ k1 ] =

E A1 1 1 2 EA 1 1 EA 2 2

;
l1 1 1
l 1 1
l 2 2

Elementul 2:

[ k2 ] =

E A2
l2

1 1 2 EA 1 1 EA 2.667 2.667

=
= l 2.667 2.667 ;
1 1 0.75l 1 1

Elementul 3:

[ k3 ] =

E A3 1 1 2 EA 1 1 EA 2 2

;
l3 1 1
l 1 1
l 2 2

Elementul 4:

[ k4 ] =

E A4
l4

1 1 2 EA 1 1 EA 2.667 2.667

= 0.75l 1 1 = l 2.667 2.667 ;

1
1

Elementul 5:

[ k5 ] =

E A5 1 1
EA 1 1 EA 0.8 0.8

l5 1 1 1.25l 1 1
l 0.8 0.8

3. Transormarea relatiilor din sistemul local in sistemul general

y'
D1y'
y

EAl

x
N2

a
x'

D1x'

{ u1} = D1 cos + D1 sin ;

[ T0 ]
[ Te ] =
0

c
0 s
=
T
[ 0 ] 0

s
c
0
0

{ de } = [ Te ] { De }

[h ]
T
k e* = [ Te ] [ h0 ] [ Te ] = 0
[ h0 ]

0 0
0 0
c s

s c
[ h0 ]
c 2 cs
; [ h0 ] ==
2
[ h0 ]
cs s

Elementul 1:

cos = 1;sin = 0

1
0
1 0
1
*

h0 =
; h1 = 1
0
0

0 1
0 0
0 1
0 0

0
2

0 2 EA 0

=
2
0 l

0
0

0 2
0 0
0 2
0 0

0
0 EA

0 l

Elementul 2:

cos = 0;sin = 1

0
0
0 0
2
*

h0 =
; h2 = 0
0
1

0 0 0
0
0
0
0

1 0 1 2 EA 0 2.667 0 2.667 EA

0 0 0 0.75l 0
0
0
0 l

1 0 1
0 2.667 0 2.667

Elementul 3:

cos = 1;sin = 0

1
0
1 0
3
*

h0 =
; h3 = 1
0
0

0 1
0 0
0 1
0 0

0
2

0 2 EA 0

=
2
0 l

0
0

0 2
0 0
0 2
0 0

0
0 EA

0 l

Elementul 4:

cos = 0;sin = 1

0
0
0 0
*

h04 =

; h4 = 0
0
1

0 0 0
0
0
0
0

1 0 1 2 EA 0 2.667 0 2.667 EA

0 0 0 0.75l 0
0
0
0 l

1 0 1
0 2.667 0 2.667

Elementul 5:

cos = 0.8;sin = 0.6

0.64 0.48
h04 =
;
0.48 0.36
0.64 0.48 0.64
0.48 0.36
0.48
*
h4 =
0.64 0.48 0.64

0.48 0.36 0.48

0.48
0.512

0.36 EA 0.384

=
0.48 1.25l 0.512

0.36
0.384

0.384 0.512 0.384

0.288 0.384 0.288 EA

0.384 0.512 0.384 l

0.288 0.384 0.288

4.Ansamblarea
4.1. Expandarea
2 0
0 0

2 0

h1* = 0 0
0 0

0 0
0 0

0 0
0
0
0
0

0
0

0
h2* = 0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0 0
0 0

0 0

h3* = 0 0
0 0

0 0
0 0

0 0

2 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0
2 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 EA

;
0 0 0 0 0 0 l

0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 2.667 0
2.667
0
0
0
0
0 2.667 0
2.667
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0 0 0
0 0
0
0 0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0

0 0
0
0 0 0 EA

0 0
2 0 2 0 l

0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 2 0 2 0

0 0 0 0 0 0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0

0 EA

0 l

0
0

0
0
0
0
0
2.667
0 0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
h4* = 0
0
0
0
0

0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0

2.667
0
0
0
0.384
0
0
0.512
0.384
0.288
0 0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
h5* = 0
0.512 0.384 0
0

0 0
0.384 0.288

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.512
0.384
0
0
0.512
0.384
0
0

0
0
0 2.667
0
0

0
0 EA

0
0 l

0
0
0
0

0 2.667
0.384 0 0
0.288 0 0
0
0 0

0
0 0 EA

0.384
0 0 l

0.288
0 0
0
0 0

0
0 0

4.2. Sumarea
0
0.512 0.384 0
0
2.512 0.384 2

2.955 0
0
0.384 0.288 0 2.667
0.384
2
0
2
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0 2.667
0
2.667 0
0 EA

K=

0.512 0.384 0
0
2.512 0.384 2
0 l

2.955 0
0
0.384 0.288 0 2.667 0.384
0
0
0
0
2
0
2
0

2.667 0
0
0
0
0 2.667
0

5.Rearanjarea
D1
0
D
2 P
5

D6
0

D7
0
{ D} = ; { P} = = ;
D8
P
D2
RV 1

D3
RH 2
D
R
V2
4

0
0.384 2
0
2.512 0.512 0.384 0

0
0.384 0
0
0.512 2.512 0.384 2
0.384 0.384
2.955 0
0
0.288 0 2.667

0
2
0
2
0
0
0
0 EA

K=

0
0
0
0 2.667 2.667 0
0 l

0
0.384 0.384 0.288 0 2.667 2.955 0
2
0
0
0
0
0
2
0

0
2.667 0
0
0
0 2.667
0

D2 = D5 = D6 = 0
6.Calculul deplasarilor
[ knn ] { d n } = { Pn }

3.693 105

4
7.526 10
knn = 5.645 104

7.526 10

5.645 10

5.645 10

4.344 10

2.94 10

2.94 10

3.693 10
5.645 10

0
5

2.94 10

5
3.92 10
0

D1 0.476
D5 2.537

D6
= 0.268

D7

2.537

D8 0.179

mm

7.Calculul reactiunilor

[ krn ] { Dn } = { Pr }

3.5 104

R = 1.4 105

5
1.05 10

RV 1

R = RH 2 N
R
V2

8.Calculul eforturilor N
I. Elementul 1
u1 1
=
u2 0

{ d1} =

D1
0 0 0 0 0.476
=

0 1 0 0 0
0

N1 EA 2 2 0.476 140000

=
=
N
l 2 2 0 140000
N2

{ S1} =

II. Elementul 2

{ S2 }

0

u1 0 1 0 0 0 0

=
{ d2 } = =

u2 0 0 1 0 D5 0.268
D6
N EA 2.667 2.667 0 100500
= 1=

=
N
l 2.667 2.667 0.268 100500
N2

III. Elementul 3
u1 1
=
u2 0

{ d3 } =

D5

0 0 0 D6 2.537
=

0 1 0 D7 2.537
D8

N1 EA 2 2 2.537 0

=
= N
l 2 2 2.537 0
N2

{ S3 } =

IV. Elementul 4
u1 0
=
u2 0

{ d4 } =

D1

1 0 0 0 0

0 1 0 D7 0.179
D8

N1 EA 2.667 2.667 0 70000

=
=
N
l 2.667 2.667 0.179 70000
N2

{ S2 } =

V. Elementul 5

{ d5 }

D1

u1 0.8 0.6 0 0 0 0.381
= =

=
u2 0 0 0.8 0.6 D7 1.869
D8
8

 N1 EA 0.8 0.8 0.381 175000

=
=
N
l 0.8 0.8 1.869 175000
N2

{ S5 } =

9.Calculul tensiunilor din centrul elementelor finite

1 =

N1
= 25 N / mm 2
A1

N2
A2
N
3 = 3
A3
N
4 = 4
A4
N
5 = 5
A5

2 =

= 18.75 N / mm 2
= 0 N / mm 2
= 12.5 N / mm 2
= 62.5 N / mm 2

REZULTATE OBTINUTE IN TRUSS

NE
NN
ND
NL
NM
5
4
3
2
1
ELEM# NODE1 NODE2 MAT#
1
1
2
1
2
2
3
1
3
3
4
1
4
1
4
1
5
1
3
1
Area#
Area
1
.5600E+04

NA NTEL
2
0
AREA#
1
1
1
1
2

NBW
8

2
Node#
1
2
3
4
Mat#
1
DOF#
2
3
4
DOF#
5
8
Node#
1
2
3
4
Elem#
1
2
3
4
5
DOF#
2
3
4

.2800E+04
X-Coord
Y-Coord
.0000E+00
.0000E+00
.4000E+04
.0000E+00
.4000E+04
.3000E+04
.0000E+00
.3000E+04
E
Alpha
.2100E+06
.0000E+00
Displacement
.0000E+00
.0000E+00
.0000E+00
Applied Load
.1400E+06
-.7000E+05
X-Displ
Y-Displ
.4762E+00
.9478E-05
.3791E-04
-.2843E-04
.2537E+01
-.2679E+00
.2537E+01
-.1786E+00
Stress
-.2500E+02
-.1875E+02
.0000E+00
-.1250E+02
.6250E+02
Reaction
-.3500E+05
-.1400E+06
.1050E+06

10