Lucrarea nr.

6
ANALIZA UNUI ELEMENT PLAN PRIN METODA ELEMETELOR FINITE
Se considera structura plana continua (perete)(grinda)cu geometria,
rezemarile si incarcarile din figura. Pentru o discretizare in doua elemente finite
triunghiulare se cere sa se determine:
a) Matricea de rigiditate a unui element finit ;
b) Matricea de rigiditate ansamblata ;
c) Matricea de rigiditate redusa ;
d) Deplasarile nodale pe directia gradelor de libertate;
e) Reactiunile din reazem (pe directiile deplasarilor impiedicate );
f) Fortele nodale echivalente pentru fiecare element finit;
g) Tensiunile in centrul elementelor finite;
Calculele se vor verifica folosind un program de calcul automat FE2CST.
Date numerice:
P=75 KN
c=3 m
t=0.2m
E=210000N/
2
mm

=0.2;

Se afla in stare plana de tensiune
P
H=2c
L=c
Rezolvare:
1
1.Alcatuirea sistemului structural discretizat
2
1
i j
elem.
nod
k
1
2
1
1
2
3
3
4
3
v
3
u
3
v
y
4
4
u
4
1.a)Ecuatia fizica elementala
[ ] { } { } K D P
{ }
1
1
2
2
3
3
u
v
u
D
v
u
v

' ;





;
{ }
1
1
2
3
2
x
y
x
x
P
P
P
P
P
P
P

' ;





1.b)Determinarea caracteristicilor mecanice si elastice ale elemntelor finite:
[ ]
2 2
1 1 0.3
2 2
1 0 1 0.3 0 230770 69231 0
210000
1 0 0.3 1 0 69231 230770 0
1 1 0.3
0 0 0 0 0 0 80769
E
E

1 1 1
1 1 1

1 1 1

1 1 1
] ] ]
Elementul 1
2
y
Fyk
vk
k
uk Fxk
v(x,y)
u(x,y)
Fyj
vj
uj Fxj
j
ui Fxi
i
Fyi
vi
e
{ }
i
i
j
e
j
k
k
u
v
u
d
v
u
v

' ;





;
{ }
xi
yi
xj
e
yj
xk
yk
F
F
F
F
F
F
F

' ;





;
[ ] { } { }
e e e
k d F
Generarea matricii de rigiditate a elementului finit:
1 2 3
4 5 6
( , )
( , )
u x y a a x a y
v x y a a x a y
+ +
+ +
[ ] [ ] [ ]
c
T
e V
V
k B E B d

[ ]
0 0 0
( , ) 0 0 0
j
i k
j
i k
j j
i k i k
N
N N
x x x
N
N N
B x y
y y y
N N
N N N N
y y y x x x
1

1

1
1

1

1
1


1
1
]
[ ] [ ] [ ]
1
( , ) ( , ) N x y x y A

Unde:
[ ]
0 0 0
( , )
0 0 0
i j k
i j k
N N N
N x y
N N N
1

1
]
[ ]
1 0 0 0
0 0 0 1
x y
x y

1
]
[ ]
[ ] [ ]
[ ] [ ]
1
1
0
0
A
A
A
1

1
]
; cu [ ]
1
1 1 0 0
1 1 0
1 1 2
i i
j j
k k
x y
A x y c
x y c c
1 1
1 1

1 1
1 1
] ]
3
[ ]
[ ] [ ]
[ ] [ ]
1
1 1
1
1
0
0
A
A
A

1
1
1
]
; cu [ ]
1
1 0 0
1 1
0
1 1
0
2 2
A
c c
c c

1
1
1
1

1
1
1

]
[ ]
1
1 0 0 0 0 0
1 1
0 0 0 0
1 1
0 0 0 0
2 2
0 0 0 1 0 0
1 1
0 0 0 0
1 1
0 0 0 0
2 2
c c
c c
A
c c
c c

1
1
1

1
1
1
1

1
1
1

1
1
1

]
[ ]
1 0 0 0 0 0
1 1
0 0 0 0
1 1
0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
1 0 0 0
2 2 2 2
( , )
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
0 0 0 1
2 2
1 1
0 0 0 0
1 1
0 0 0 0
2 2
c c
x x y y
x y
c c c c c c
N x y
x y x x y y
c c c c
c c
c c
1
1
1

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
] 1

1
1
]
1

1
1
1

]
[ ]
1 1
0 0 0 0
1 1
0 0 0 0
2 2
1 1 1 1
0 0
2 2
c c
B
c c
c c c c
1

1
1
1

1
1
1

1
]
[ ] [ ] [ ]
T
e i
k t A B E B
Unde:
t=20cm
2
1
300 600 90000
2
i
A cm
[ ]
4
33 33 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 17 17
0 17 17 33 33 0
B

1
1

1
1
]
4
[ ]
5
1
4.524 4.524 0 0 0.699 0.699
4.524 4.944 0.42 0.816 1.515 0.699
0 0.42 0.42 0.816 0.816 0
10
0 0.816 0.816 1.583 1.583 0
0.699 1.515 0.816 1.583 2.784 1.2
0.699 0.699 0 0 1.2 1.2
k
1
1

1
1

1

1
1

1

]
Elementul 2
{ }
i
i
j
e
j
k
k
u
v
u
d
v
u
v

' ;





;
{ }
xi
yi
xj
e
yj
xk
yk
F
F
F
F
F
F
F

' ;





;[ ] { } { }
e e e
k d F
Generarea matricii de rigiditate a elementului finit:
1 2 3
4 5 6
( , )
( , )
u x y a a x a y
v x y a a x a y
+ +
+ +
[ ] [ ] [ ]
c
T
e V
V
k B E B d

[ ]
0 0 0
( , ) 0 0 0
j
i k
j
i k
j j
i k i k
N
N N
x x x
N
N N
B x y
y y y
N N
N N N N
y y y x x x
1

1

1
1

1

1
1


1
1
]
[ ] [ ] [ ]
1
( , ) ( , ) N x y x y A

Unde:
[ ]
0 0 0
( , )
0 0 0
i j k
i j k
N N N
N x y
N N N
1

1
]
[ ]
1 0 0 0
0 0 0 1
x y
x y

1
]
[ ]
[ ] [ ]
[ ] [ ]
1
1
0
0
A
A
A
1

1
]
; cu
[ ]
1
1 1 0 0
1 1 2
1 1 0 2
i i
j j
k k
x y
A x y c c
x y c
1 1
1 1

1 1
1 1
] ]
5
[ ]
[ ] [ ]
[ ] [ ]
1
1 1
1
1
0
0
A
A
A

1
1
1
]
; cu [ ]
1
1 0 0
1 1
0
1 1
0
2 2
A
c c
c c

1
1
1
1

1
1
1

]
[ ]
1
1 0 0 0 0 0
1 1
0 0 0 0
1 1
0 0 0 0
2 2
0 0 0 1 0 0
1 1
0 0 0 0
1 1
0 0 0 0
2 2
c c
c c
A
c c
c c

1
1
1

1
1
1
1

1
1
1

1
1
1

]
[ ]
1 0 0 0 0 0
1 1
0 0 0 0
1 1
0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
1 0 0 0
2 2 2 2
( , )
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
0 0 0 1
2 2
1 1
0 0 0 0
1 1
0 0 0 0
2 2
c c
y x x y
x y
c c c c c c
N x y
x y y x x y
c c c c
c c
c c
1
1
1

1
1
1
+ 1
1
1
1
1
1
1
] 1
+
1
1
]
1

1
1
1

]
[ ]
1 1
0 0 0 0
1 1
0 0 0 0
2 2
1 1 1 1
0 0
2 2
c c
B
c c
c c c c
1

1
1
1

1
1
1

1
]
[ ] [ ] [ ]
T
e i
k t A B E B
Unde:
t=20cm
2
1
300 600 90000
2
i
A cm
6
[ ]
4
0 33 33 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 17 0 17
17 0 17 0 33 33
B

1
1

1
1
]
[ ]
6
2
0.42 0 0.42 0 0.816 0.816
0 4.524 4.524 0.699 0 0.699
0.42 4.524 4.944 0.699 0.816 1.515
10
0 0.699 6.991 1.2 0 1.2
0.816 0 0.816 0 1.583 1.583
0.816 0.699 1.515 1.2 1.583 2.784
k
1
1

1
1

1

1
1

1

]
Matricea de rigiditate ansamblata:
[ ]
6
4.944 4.524 0 0 0.279 0.699 0.816 0.816
4.524 9.467 0.42 0.816 6.038 0 0 0.699
0 0.42 0.42 0.816 0.816 0 0 0
0 0.816 0.816 1.583 1.583 0 0 0
10
0.279 6.038 0.816 1.583 7.727 0.501 0.816 1.515
0.699 0 0 0 0.501 2.401 0 1.2
0.81
K







6 0 0 0 0.816 0 1.5836 1.583
0.816 0.699 0 0 1.515 1.2 1.583 2.784
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

1
1
]
[ ] { } { } K D F
Unde:

{ }
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
u
v
u
v
D
u
v
u
v

' ;






;
{ }
1
1
2
3
4
4
2
H
V
V
H
H
V
R
R
P
R
F
R
P
R
R

' ;






;
Rearanjarea vectorilor deplasari si forte nodale:
7
{ }
1
1
2
2
4
3
3
4
u
v
u
v
D
u
u
v
v

' ;






;
{ }
1
1
2
3
4
4
2
H
V
V
H
H
V
R
R
R
R
F
R
R
P
P

' ;






;
[ ]
6
4.944 4.524 0 0.279 0.816 0.816 0 0.699
4.524 9.467 0.816 6.038 0 0.699 0.42 0
0 0.816 1.583 1.583 0 0 0.816 0
0.279 6.038 1.583 7.727 0.816 1.515 0.816 0.501
10
0.816 0 0 0.816 1.583 1.583 0 0
0.816 0.699 0 1.515 1.583 2.784 0
K






1.2
0 0.42 0.816 0.816 0 0 0.42 0
0.699 0 0 0.501 0 1.2 0 2.401
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

1
1
]
Din:
{ } [ ] { }
1
n nn n
D K P

{ } [ ] { }
1
1
3 6
6
0.42 0 15000 0.357
10
0 2.401 7500 0.031
n nn n
u
D K P cm
v

1

' ; ' ; ' ;
1
]
[ ] { } { }
nr n r
K D P
1
1
2
3
4
4
H
V
V
H
V
H
R
R
R
R
R
R

' ;





6
0 0.699 2184
0.42 0 15000
0.816 0 0.357 29110
10
0.816 0.501 0.031 27550
0 0 0
0 1.2 3748
daN
1
1

1
1

1 ' ; ' ;

1
1
1

]
{ } [ ] { } [ ] [ ] [ ]
e
e e e
E E B d
{ }
1
3.648
12.162
49.019

' ;


{ }
2
3.648
12.162
0

' ;


Rezultate obtinute in FE2CST
8
[ ] { } { }
nn n n
K D P
NE NN ND NL NM
2 4 5 2 1
NODE X-COORD. Y-COORD.
1 .0000E+00 .0000E+00
2 .3000E+03 .0000E+00
3 .3000E+03 .6000E+03
4 .0000E+00 .6000E+03
ELEMENT# 3 NODES MATERIAL#
1 1 2 3 1
2 3 4 1 1
DOF# SPECIFIED DISPLACEMENT
1 .0000E+00
2 .0000E+00
3 .0000E+00
4 .0000E+00
7 .0000E+00
MATERIAL# E POISSONS RATIO
1 .2500E+06 .2000E+00
NODE# X-Displ Y-Displ
1 .3710E-08 -.1172E-06
2 -.4122E-08 .8244E-09
3 -.2086E-02 -.1633E-02
4 -.2323E-06 -.2653E-02
DOF# REACTION
1 -.3188E+03
2 .1007E+05
3 .3542E+03
4 -.7085E+02
7 .1996E+05
ELEM# SX SY TXY S1 S2 ANGLE SX->S1
1 -.142E+00 -.709E+00 -.362E+00 .347E-01 -.885E+00 -.260E+02
2 -.204E+01 -.151E+01 .354E+00 -.134E+01 -.222E+01 .633E+02
9