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Definiie
Muchiul reprezint un esut contractil de culoare roz-roiatic format din celule musculare ce alctuiesc corpul muchiului la captul cruia se afl tendoane. Muchiul are rol n generarea forei animale i a ntreinerii locomoiei. Muchii pot fi voluntari (acionai la comanda creierului) sau involuntari (care lucreaz singuri).
Scheletic
Cardiac
Neted
Muchiul inimii
Muchiul cardiac este un esut muscular unic, gsit numai in inim. Deoarece are o nevoie constant de oxigen, muchiul cardiac poate muri foarte repede, dac artera care vine la inima este obstrucionat. Atacurile de cord se datoreaz stricciunulor produse acestui muchi de o irigare slab cu snge oxigenat; Muchiul cardiac nu are control voluntar. Are in alcatuire nervi ai sistemului nervos autonom, dar impulsurile autonome, au un rol foarte mic in creterea sau scderea aciunii i nu sunt responsabile de contraciile ritmice, specifice muschiului cardiac viu;
epimisium
tendon
perimisium
Fascicul muscular
Muchi scheletic
terminal cisternae
thin myofilament
myofibril
nuclei
triad
Fibra muscular
sarcomere Z-line
myofibril
Thin filaments
Thick filaments
Thin myofilament
Miofilamentele subiri
Miofilamentele groase
(has ATP
Legturile neuromusculare
telodendria
Synaptic terminal (end bulb) Synaptic vessicles containing Ach Synaptic cleft Motor end plate of sarcolemma
Neuromuscular junction
Vesicles ACh
Synaptic cleft Sarcolemma of motor end plate
Muscle fiber
Vesicles ACh
Synaptic cleft Sarcolemma of motor end plate
Muscle fiber
Release of acetylcholine
Vesicles in the synaptic terminal fuse with the neuronal membrane and dump their contents into the synaptic cleft.
Figure 7-4(b-c) 3 of 5
Vesicles ACh
Synaptic cleft Sarcolemma of motor end plate
Muscle fiber
Release of acetylcholine
Vesicles in the synaptic terminal fuse with the neuronal membrane and dump their contents into the synaptic cleft.
Figure 7-4(b-c) 4 of 5
Cnd la suprafaa membranei fibrei musculare se deplaseaz un potenial de aciune, acesta determin eliberarea unor mari cantiti de ioni de calciu in sarcoplasma din jurul miofibrilelor. Ionii de calciu activeaz forele de interactiune dintre filamente i declanseaza contracia. Dar continuarea procesului contractil necesit energie care provine de la ATP.
Table 7-1
Resting sarcomere
ADP + P
Active-site exposure
ADP + P
Cross-bridge formation
Sarcoplasm
Ca2+
ADP + P Ca2+
Tropomyosin
Actin
Active site
ADP P +
Ca2+ ADP P +
ADP Ca2+ P +
Myosin reactivation
ADP + P Ca2+
Ca2+
Ca2+ ADP P +
Ca2+ ADP + P
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CepeYFvqmk4 animation
PLAY
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kvMFdNw35L0
Muchii
scheletici
Muchii
scheletici
Figure 7-12(a)
Figure 7-12(c)
Muchii gtului
Figure 7-13
Muchii spatelui
Figure 7-15(a)
Muchii umerilor
Figure 7-17(a)
Muchii umerilor
Figure 7-17(b)
Muchii braelor
Muchii braelor
Muchii coapsei
Muchii coapsei
Muchii piciorului
Figure 7-21
Muchii gambei
Muchii gambei
Muchii gambei
Muchii gambei
Bibliografie
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscle http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/398553/mu scle http://mihaela.radaseni.info.ro/ http://anatomie.romedic.ro/sistemul-muscular http://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mu%C8%99chi_(anatomie) http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/398553/mu scle/58929/Muscle-types
Bordeianu Rzvan