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REFERAT
LUCRAREA DE LABORATOR Nr.1
A efectuat:
A verificat:
Burdujan E.
Chiinu 2011
1. Scopul lucrrii:
Determinarea vitezei iniiale v0 a bilei aruncate orizontal i comportarea acestei viteze
cu valoarea ei teoretic care se obine din legea conservrii energiei, innd seama c
bila efectueaz dou tipuri de micri: de translaie i de rotaie.
2. Aparate i accesorii:
instalaia;
bila;
rigla
hrtia alb;
hrtia de carbon;
3. Schema instalaiei:
-viteza bilei
- valoarea mediilor artimetice a vitezelor iniiale
(v 0 v 0 ,i ) 2 -ptratele erorilor absolute
v -abaterea medie ptratic
v 0 -eroare medie absolut
v 0 -rezultatul final( intervalul de valori n care este cuprins viteza real)
v 0' -viteza maximal posibil
-eroarea relativ(%)
v 0 ,i
v0
5. Formula de calcul:
0,5g
v0,i =
xi
;
yi
v0 =
10
gh
7
6. Exemple de calcul:
a. Abscisele medii:
X i
x1 x 2 x3 x n
n
X 1=(10.5+11.4+11.6+11.6+11.8+11.9+12.2)/7=11.54
X 2=(14.2+14.7+14.9+14.9+14.9+15+15.1)/7=14.81
X 3=(16.1+16.8+16.8+17.3+17.3+17.4+17.8)/7=17.07
X 4=(17.8+18.3+18.5+18.9+19.1+19.2+19.5)/7=18.76
X 5=(19.4+19.6+20+20.2+20.3+20.4+20.6)/7=20.07
X 6=(22.2+22.6+22.9+22.9+23+23.1+23.6)/7=22.9
X 7=(23.7+24+24.1+24.2+24.3+24.6+25.6)/7=24.36
Ui=
2
i
VU i 2 ui ui
c. Abaterile standard:
ui
i1
ui ui
nn 1
n
u
i1 i
u1
ui
n n 1
Viteza teoretic:
10
gh v0'
7
v0'
10
m
m
9.8 0.163
m 1.51063
7
s
s
v0,i
9.8 m
0.115
m
m
1.409
2
2 s
s
0.033
m
g
xi
2
yi
v0,i
g
xi
2
yi
9.8 m
0.148
m
m
1.295
2
2 s
s
0.064
m
9.8 m
2 s2
0.171 m
9.8 m
2 s2
0.187 m
v0,i
xi
v0,i
xi
v0,i
g
xi
2
yi
9.8 m
0.201
m
m
1.282
2
2 s
s
0.12
m
v0,i
g
xi
2
yi
9.8 m
0.22
m
m
1.267
2
2 s
s
0.16
m
v0,i
g
xi
2
yi
yi
yi
v0,i
v0,i
7
0.085 m
0.104 m
1.296
m
s
1.287
m
s
9.8 m
0.243
m
m
1.271
2
2 s
s
0.18
m
1.301
4.6033
v 0' v 0,i
v 0'
100 %=
1.51063 1.301
1.51063
100%=13.877%
e. Calculul erorilor:
Efectund experimentul noi am efectuat erori a msurrilor. Eecurile au fost
excluse. Iar erorile sistematice le vom exclude dup urmtoarele calcule:
se calculeaz eroarea absolut a msurrii date:
v v v
- unde v0,i este rezultatul msurrii date a vitezei, v 0 - valoarea
i
0 ,i
v0 =
1 n
v0,i =1/7*9.107=1.301 m/s
n i 1
0.0308571
v i
100 %
100 %=
v 0 ,i
1.301
=2.3718%
Tabela Nr.1
n=7;=0,95;h=16.3cm; H=28.1cm
Nr. Msurrilor
Yi, cm
3.3
6.4
8.5
10.4
12
16
18
10.5
11.4
11.6
11.6
11.8
11.9
12.2
14.2
14.7
14.9
14.9
14.9
15.0
15.1
16.1
16.8
16.8
17.3
17.3
17.4
17.8
17.8
18.3
18.5
18.9
19.1
19.2
19.5
19.4
19.6
20.0
20.2
20.3
20.4
20.6
22.2
22.6
22.9
22.9
23.0
23.1
23.6
23.7
24.0
24.1
24.2
24.3
24.6
25.6
X i , mm
11.57
14.81
17.07
18.76
20.07
22.91
24.36
U1 xi 2 , cm 2
110.25
201.64
259.21
316.84
376.36
492.84
561.69
U2
129.96
216.09
282.24
334.89
384.16
510.76
576.00
U3
134.56
222.01
282.24
342.25
400.00
524.41
580.81
U4
134.56
222.01
299.29
357.21
408.04
524.41
585.64
U5
139.24
222.01
299.29
364.81
412.09
529.00
590.49
U6
141.61
225.00
302.76
368.64
416.16
533.61
605.16
U7
148.84
228.01
316.84
380.25
424.36
556.96
655.36
134.86
219.33
291.38
351.93
402.81
524.87
593.41
605.65
24.01
0.09
0.09
19.18
45.56
195.44
312.93
10.49
7.18
7.18
7.18
32.14
75.34
1034.90
83.53
83.53
62.56
62.56
129.51
648.21
1231.31
290.36
93.70
27.87
165.89
279.22
802.02
699.60
347.82
7.89
27.35
86.11
178.22
464.40
1025.92
199.09
0.21
0.21
17.05
76.38
1029.76
1006.15
303.11
158.76
60.37
8.52
138.06
3837,80
4.6033
3.2821
7.0791
8.2956
8.2956
6.5672
7.4779
(u i u i ) 2 , cm 2
17453.5
18936.0
47084.8
49137.3
81688.3
88178.2
119148.7
128651.8
158049.4
166517.6
270581.
1
280439.
9
342832.
2
361563.
1
Vui tan * ui
11.2781
8.04115
17.3438
20.3242
20.3242
16.0896 18.3209
Xi,cm
U i xi , cm 2
VU i 2 ui ui
u u
n
ui
i 1
n n 1
(u i u i ) , cm
2
Tabelul Nr. 2
h=16.3cm; n = 7; = 0,95 ; H=28.1cm
4
5
6
7
v 0
v 0
v 0 v 0 v 0
v 0
m/
s
m/s
m/s
m/s
m/s
m/s
v 0 v 0
100%
v 0
0.011664
0.000036
1.51063
13.877
1.409
(v 0 v 0 i ) 2
2.3718
0.064
0.115
0.148
v0
0.189005
0.033
cm
v0 i
m/s
0.0771447
1
2
Xi
1.301
Nr yi
. cm
0.171
1.295
1.296
0.000025
0.16
0.187
0.201
0.229
1.287
1.282
1.267
0.000196
0.000361
0.001156
0.18
0.243
1.271
0.0009
0.085
0.104
0.12
1.3010.189
7. Rezultatul final
v0 1.301 0.189m / s
=2.3718%
8. Concluzie:
La aceast lucrare de laborator ne-au familirizat cu studiul micri curbulinii i
determinarea vitezei iniiale.
Erorile au aprut datorit: aparatelor incorect instruite sau fiindc nu am luat n
consideraie fora de frecare.
Aceste experiene ne ajut s ne aprofundm cunotinele practice i controlm pe cele
teoretice.