Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
30 4/2014
Gica Lehaci1
Ecologic ,,Dimitrie Cantemir Iai, Romnia (UE)
Abstract : This method of treatment, noninvasive laser (LLLT) was not available a few years
ago who worked at home (outpatient). Only specialist clinics had some experience in this
field, and their work was oriented more in surgery, where doctors worked in centers highlyadvanced laser medical laser technology. However, family physicians and general interests of
other specialties for non-invasive laser therapy is motivated by the needs of patients and their
purpose. Keywords: laser noninvasive (LLLT), efficiency, outpatient.
- Acneea rosaceaea
Acneea rosaceaea este probabil cea mai indicat
pentru aplicarea laserilor biostimulatori, iar
terapia LLLT ngrdete mult farmacoterapia;
n unele cazuri poate completa farmacoterapia.
n bolile cronice este necesar tratamentul pe o
perioad mai lung de timp - numrul de
iradieri fiind o dat/maxim de 2
ori/sptmn, dozele sunt de 0,5 pn la
1J/cm2. n cazurile acute ce fac parte din
aceast grup, ca de exemplu dermatita
perioral sau exacerbarea acut a bolii, este
necesar iradierea de 2 - 5 ori/sptmn.
de 2 - 4 ori/lun.
- Pyoderma gangrenosum i de decubit
Sunt foarte indicate pentru terapia prin laser.
i n cazul formelor cronice ale ambelor boli se
recomand iradierea zilnic n doze de cel
puin 1J/cm2.
- Bolile atrofice, hipertrofice i granulomatozele
Unele rezultate foarte bune obinute n
tratarea atrofiilor i aplicaia pe cicatricele de
keloid dovedesc efectul benefic al terapiei prin
laser - att n procesele atrofice ct i n cele
hipertrofice.
- Dintre alte diagnostice atragem atenia cu
privire la:
Grupa de mbolnviri cu herpes
Aici avem indicaii largi i fr echivoc [4, 5,
9]. Iradiem cu densiti de energie sczute
- Micoze
LLLT este indicat mai ales n faza acut a
infeciei sau a exacerbrilor.
- Tromboflebita,, ulceraiile varicoase:
Laserul este indicat fie c este vorba de
tromboflebit, fie de ulceraii varicoase; n
cazul flebitelor iradierea este zilnic, eventual
din dou n dou zile, per total de 5 ori. n
cazul ulcerului de gamb, tratamentul se aplic
o perioad mai ndelungat, aplicarea este de 2
pn la 3 ori/sptmn pe o perioad de 2 12 sptmni.
- Arsuri, arsuri datorate acizilor, degerturi (T20
- T25, T33 - T34)
Este indicat aplicarea, fiind cerut de reacia
inflamatorie ce are loc.
Bibliografie
1.
Botez M. Indicaiile de folosire a terapiei laser L.L.LT. Revista Buletinul medicina Familiei
(BMF) 2011, vol.7, nr. 17, p.32-35 ISSN 1582-3652.
2. Botez M. Medicin ecologic, laserologie i laserterapie neinvaziv. Revista Buletinul
Medicina Familiei (BMF), 2012, vol.13, nr. 19, p.24-27 ISSN 1582-3652.
3. Botez M. Patologia inflamatorie cronic a colului uterin i societatea uman contemporan.
Buletinul Medicina Familiei (BMF), 2012, vol.3, nr. 20, p.5-6.
4. Botez M., Anton C., Mircea R., Anton E. Noninvazive laser therapy for out patients with
chronic inflammatory disorders of cervix. Rev. Med. Chir. Soc. Med. Nat. 2012, vol.116, nr.
4, p.1131-1135.
5. Botez M., Anton E. Laserul neinvaziv (LLLT), clinica i indicaiile terapeutice curente.
Revista Buletinul Medicina Familiei (BMF) 2013, vol.1, nr. 26, p.15-19 ISSN 1582-3652
6. Botez M., Eco L., Anton E., Frunza F. Laserterapie. Clinic neinvaziv. Iai, Romnia, 20,
312 p.
7. Botez Mihai, Frunz G. Florin, Laserterapie clinic. Iai, 2005, p.
8. Dodun Oana, Tehnologii neconvenionale. Ed.Tehnic - Info, Chiinu, 2001, 188 p.
9. Eco L., Botez M. Algoritmul de diagnostic, conduit i laserterapie n afeciunile
inflamatorii cronice ale colului uterin. Sntate Public, economie i management n
medicin. 2014, nr. 1 (52), p.39-44.
10. Eco L., Botez M. Aspecte epidemiologice i etiopatogenetice n debutul i evoluia
afeciunilor inflamatorii cronice ale colului uterin. Sntate public, economie i
management n medicin. Mat.congresului specialitilor din domeniul sntii publice i
managementului sanitar din Republica Moldova. 25-26 octombrie 2013, Chiinu, 2013, nr. 3
(48), p.209-215.
11. Eco L., Botez M., Chiriac A. La terapie a laser noninvaziv dans les maladies inflammatories
chroniqges de l'uterus. In: Archives of the Balkan medical Union. The oficial Journal of the
Balkan medical Union. Celius publishing House 2013, vol. 48, nr. 3, p.58 - 59.
1Universitatea
Eduard Ciuchi1,
UMF ,,Gr. T. Popa- Iai, Romnia (UE)
Abstract: Analysis of data from more than 200. 000 cancer patients in the USA and
Australia between the years 1990 to 2004 revealed a catastrophic result on chemotherapy
treatments. We analyzed 72. 946 patients with cancer in Australia and 154. 971 in the United
States and found that anticancer drugs led to positive results (cancer over 5 years) in only
2.3% in Australia and 2.1% in the U.S. In certain cancers lighter (stage I) survival rate after
5 years was between 10 - 41%, but the rest was below 1.5% and certain severe forms (stage
II - IV) was 0%. Keywords: cancer, chemotherapy, catastrophe.
Tumorile maligne i citostaticele
n Romnia, la ora actual, exist peste
500. 000 de bolnavi de cancer. Toi au
dreptul la o a doua opinie din partea
medicilor care nu sunt de acord cu
tratamentele citostatice. Suferinzii de o
astfel de maladie ar trebui s tie c ntrun studiu rsuntor numit ,,Cytotoxic
Chemotherapy and limits, pentru prima oar
n lume, cercettorul Luis Parada [revista
,,Cell, martie, 2012], de la centrul Medical
Southwestern din cadrul Universitii Texas
din Dallas, alturi de colaboratorii si au
decis s analizeze modul n care tumorile
canceroase i non-canceroase sunt capabile s
se dezvolte, dup ce celulele canceroase au
fost eliminate iniial cu ajutorul
Bibliografie
1. Botez Mihai, Bodnar Vasile, Adrian Juverdeanu, Ioan Prvulescu,
Fitoterapie clinic, Editura Bucovina, Iai, 2011.
2. Botez V. Mihai, Bodnar Vasile, Manu M. Daniela, Matei Toader, Puiu
Viorica, Radu Mihaela, Fitoterapie clinic, Editura PIM, Iai, 2007.
3. Botez Mihai, Frunz F. George, Donu Viorel, Manu M. Daniela, Radu
Mihaela, Prvulescu Ioan, (Bio)laserterapie integral, Editura Pim, Iai, 2005.
4. Bruce Alberts, Dennis Bray, Julian Lewis, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts,
James D. Watson, Molecular Biology of the cell - second edition Garland
Publishing, Inc. New York London, 1989.
5. Cayton H. si colab., Dementias Alzheimers and other dementias at your
fingertip, London, Class Publishing, 2002.
6. Creff A.F., Manuel de dietetique, ed. II, Paris, Ed. Masson, 1997.
7. C. Dimoftache, S.Herman, Biofizic medical, Editura Cerma, Bucureti,
1996.
8. Drgnescu, Mihai, Informaia materiei, Editura Academiei Romne,
Bucureti, 1990.
9. Filip Ciubotaru Florina, Botez Mihai, Anastasiu Gabriela, Bodnar Vasile,
Fitoterapia i implicaiile stresului oxidativ n patologia uman, Editura
Junimea, Iai, 2007.
10. Vithoulkas G., A new model for health and diseases, Iai, Editura Polirom,
1999.
9
Constantin Milic1,
,,Ion Ionescu de la Brad- Iai, Romnia (UE)
Abstract: Since ancient times parsley was praised for its healing qualities, being
used against epilepsy, kidney disease and bites of snakes and scorpions. Today,
this plant qualities assigned real food, medicinal and culinary. Herbalists claim
that parsley is a true collection of vitamins, minerals and other active principles
with remarkable therapeutic properties. The green leaves are rich in chlorophyll
and vitamin C (in an amount of 240 mg per 100 g of leaves longer than 4 times the
orange), B (vitamin B12 is of great importance in the prevention of cancer, diseases
of the brain and maintenance of pregnancy ) and A. Keywords: parsley, cancer,
natural therapy.
10
Bibliografie
1.
Botez V. Mihai, Bodnar Vasile, Manu M. Daniela, Matei Toader, Puiu Viorica,
Zlate Maria, Fitoterapie clinic, Editura Bucovina, Iai, 2005.
2. Botez V. Mihai, Prvulescu Ioan, Florin G. Frunz, Constantin Rotaru,
Homeopatia i boala Alzheimer, Editura PIM, Iai, 2005.
3. Botez V. Mihai, Frunz F. George, Donu Viorel, Manu M. Daniela, Radu
Mihaela, Prvulescu Ioan, (Bio)laserterapie integral, Editura Pim, Iai, 2005.
4. Bruce Alberts, Dennis Bray, Julian Lewis, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, James
D. Watson, Molecular Biology of the cell - second edition Garland Publishing, Inc.
New York London, 1989.
5. Cayton H. i colab., Dementias Alzheimers and other dementias at your fingertip,
London, Class Publishing, 2002.
6. Duchamel Catherine, Cartea verde a femeii, Bucureti, Editura Z 2000, 2000.
7. Fauron R. i colab., Guide pratique de phytotherapie, Paris, Editions Maloine,
1985.
8. Filip Ciubotaru Florina, Botez Mihai, Anastasiu Gabriela, Bodnar Vasile,
Fitoterapia i implicaiile stresului oxidativ n patologia uman, Editura Junimea,
Iai, 2006.
9.
Marks R., Tratamente pentru psoriazis, Filipeti, Editura Antet XX Press, 2005.
10. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) din Statele
Unite - pagina de informaii rezumate asupra bolii Alzheimer: Research
literature, dar cuprinde o bibliografie exhaustiv cu cele mai recente publicaii
(14.194 articole aprute ntre noiembrie 2001 - 2006)
11. Sfikas G., Medicinal plants of Greece, Athens, Efstathiddes Group, 1979.
12. Valnet J., Tratamentul bolilor prin legume, fructe i cereale, Bucureti, Editura
Garamond, 2004.
11
Ioan Prvulescu1
Ecologic Dimitrie Cantemir Iai (UE)
Abstract: Abnormal cell proliferation or populated located in different regions of the body is accompanied by
depression (suppression or blocking) qf the immune system. Restoration of immune reactivity (especially specific
defense) requires stimulation by tumor antigens plus restoration transduction pathways in T and B lymphocytes
plus good communication by primary messengers. Essentially it is a rebalancing of the information flow at the
cellular and molecular circulated walking as a qualitative component of functional activity. Therefore, for
optimal results in cancer therapy, regulation division (multiplication) and achieve the purpose of blocking
apoptosis and restoration must be accompanied by specific amplification of defence. From studies in recent
decades has resulted in the antitumor action (resection surgery, radiation and chemotherapy targeted cytotoxic
classic is not enough to cure cancer in the other studies that follow amplify the immune response must be
accompanied by action on tumor growth and Idel must watch how recovery factors suppressed tumor immune
response. Often antitumor treatment is monitored by the decrease and disappearance of cancer cells and immune
reactivity is not monitored. Keywords: immunity, cancer, regulation.
12
5.
6.
13
14
15
Bibliografie
1.
16
1 Universitatea U.M.F
Ghenadie Damacan1
Chiinu ,,Nicolae Testemianu Republica Moldova (UE)
Abstract: Among the factors which influence performances of primary healthcare, one of the most important is the financing
scheme, because through it can be actively influence the behavior of provider in order to achieve the requirements of the
health policy in the medical field. Implementing in the 2004 the mandatory health insurance in Republic of Moldova,
imposed review of funding mechanisms of primary health care, based on the new conditions of providers, changing their
status and introducing contractual relations. In order to select the optimal method of financing the primary healthcare for
Republic of Moldova, initially was initiated a study of the advantages and disadvantages of the major forms of payment
based on international experience. At the second stage has been performed an analysis of the disadvantages of the selected
form of payment which during time have been manifested in real conditions in the Republic of Moldova. Another aspect of
research was to analyze the influence of the selected form of payment concerning the primary health institutions
productivity. As a result have been developed and implemented a series of proposals for optimization the system of
payment of primary healthcare. Key words: primary healthcare, financing scheme, optimization.
Introducere
n structura oricrei societi, sistemul de
sntate public este un sector de prim
importan, deoarece el intereseaz ntreaga
populaie a rii. Asistena medical primar
(AMP) este considerat drept asistena cu cel
mai mare impact asupra sntii populaiei.
La o bun organizare a serviciului ea este i
cea mai cost-eficien asisten. Printre factorii
care influeneaz performanele AMP, unul
dintre cei mai importani este schema de
finanare, deoarece prin ea poate fi activ
influenat comportamentul prestatorilor
pentru a atinge exigenele politicelor de
sntate n domeniu. Un mecanism universal
de finanare a AMP nu poate fi gsit datorit
faptului, c de la o ar la alta difer
posibilitile financiare, tradiiile i structurile
sistemelor de sntate formate istoric [1, 3].
Implementarea n anul 2004 a asigurrii
obligatorii de asisten medical n Republica
Moldova, a impus revederea mecanismelor de
finanare a AMP, reieind din noile condiii de
activitate a prestatorilor, schimbarea statutului
acestora i introducerea relaiilor contractuale.
Material i metode. n scopul selectrii
metodei optime de finanare a AMP pentru
Republica Moldova, iniial a fost efectuat un
studiu a avantajelor i dezavantajelor
principalelor forme de plat bazat pe
experiena internaional. La cea de-a doua
etap a fost efectuat analiza dezavantajelor
formei de plat selectate care n timp s-au
manifestat n condiiile reale din Republica
Moldova. Un alt aspect al cercetrii la
constituit analiza influenei formei de plat
17
18
2011
2012
2013
3 185 860
3 294 157
3 346 109
3 430 077
191 624
151 256
143 883
150 923
94%
95,4%
95,7%
95,6%
Persoane nregistrate la
medicul de familie
Persoane care i-au schimbat
medicul de familie
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
31,1%
29,0%
28,2%
29,1%
27,5%
29,1%
profilactic
Dup cum arat rezultatele studiului, contrar
datelor literaturii, n Republica Moldova
19
2006
2009
2010
2011
3 621 300
3 755 700
3 111 500
3 185 800
3 294 100
2009
2010
2011
Pn la 1500
30
27
21
1501-1900
20
23
27
1901-2300
10
10
10
2301-2700
Peste 2701
la un medic de familie
20
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
9 934
9 725
9 876
9 972
10 220
10 314
2,8
2,7
2,8
2,8
2,9
2,9
21
9,00
8,00
7,00
6,00
5,00
4,00
3,00
2,00
1,00
0,00
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-44
45-49
50-54
55-59
60-64
65-69
70-74
75-79
80-84
8 5>
virsta
Fig. 1. Nivel de vizite acordate de medicul de familie pentru diferite categorii de vrst a persoanelor
n lotul ims selectate
Ulterior, au fost formate 3 categorii de vrst:
- de la 0 - pn la 4 ani 11 luni 29 zile; - de la 5
- pn la 49 ani 11 luni 29 zile; - de la 50 ani i
peste.
Apoi au fost calculai coeficienii de utilizare
a resurselor instituiei medico-sanitare pentru
deservirea categoriilor menionate de vrst: 1,7 pentru prima categorie; - 1 pentru categoria
a doua; - 1,5 pentru categoria a treia.
Pentru corecia dezavantajelor legate de
pasivitatea plii per capita, manifestat
inclusiv prin lipsa cointeresrii n rezultatele
22
Concluzii:
Selectarea metodei de plat per capita n
calitate de metod de baz pentru procurarea
serviciilor medicale primare a fost un pas
corect att din punct de vedere a cost
eficienei metodei respective, ct i al nivelului
de dezvoltare a acestui tip de asisten
medical n Republica Moldova.
Implementarea sistemului informaional
Registrul persoanelor luate la eviden n
instituiile medico-sanitare ce presteaz
asisten medical primar n cadrul AOAM
a scos la iveal un tablou demografic diferit
de cel al Biroului Naional de Statistic,
permind stabilirea loturilor afiliate de
persoane la nivel de prestator, acesta fiind
un punct cheie pentru estimarea corect a
volumelor contractuale.
Fr a urmri lrgirea pachetului de servicii
medicale primare i majorarea considerabil a
volumului de finanare, pe parcursul perioadei
examinate practic nu a avut loc sporirea
numrului de vizite la medicul de familie, iar
Bibliografie
1.
2.
3.
23
Jan Hurjui1
,,Gr. T. Popa Iai, Romnia (UE)
Abstract: Depression is the most common manifestation of psychopathology, estimating that 10%
suffer from depression in patients who resort to general medical examination and 3% of world
population. Elderly depression or depression is the most common psychiatric disorder and is often
associated with organic disease, bereavement, or hostile environment occurs in a home, or has
dementia drug. The elderly is an increase in the concentration of monoamine oxidase (MAO) such as
its increased plasma, platelet and brain. MAO increase and decrease norepinephrine and serotonin
are the causes greater vulnerability of elderly depression. Keywords: depression, senility,
vulnerability.
24
sptmni:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
25
Cushing, Addison;
- metabolice uremia, cancerul, carene
de B12 ;
- infecioase virale, tuberculoz, sifilis;
- sistemice lupus, poliartrit
reumatoid.
5. Depresiile de epuizare
Sindromul de alunecare (form a
depresiei) apare la mai puin de o lun
dup o criz sau dup o boal infecioas
acut (ex grip).
Triada Anorexie, adipsie
- Sindrom confuzo-depresiv
- Neuro-vegetativ meteorism
abdominal
- glob vezical
- atonie intestinal.
Tratamentul alturi de msurile generale
(rehidratare, sond urinar, aport de
proteine i vitamine, prevenirea
constipaiei) este: antibiotice, analgezice,
tonice cardiace, kineziterapia, dup caz.
6. Depresiile ce apar pe fondul unei
schizofrenii.
Formele clinice ale depresiei la vrstnici
sunt clasificate i astfel:
1. Depresia vrstei medii (la debutul
btrneii), declanat de factori sociali.
2. DNBC = deficitul neurobiologic dup
vrsta de 50 de ani determinat de
tulburrile neurotransmitorilor se pare
c este un sindrom neconfirmat.
3. Melancolia de involuie.
4. Sindromul Cotard.
5. Forme cognitive ale depresiei.
6. Depresia mascat.
7. Depresia de alunecare.
8. Depresia rezistent (refractar) la
tratament.
Bibliografie
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Adams N., The Psychopysiology of Low Back Pain, Churchill Livingstone, 2007, pg. 205-270.
Alberts Bruce, Bray Dennis, Lewis Julian, Raff Martin, Roberts Keith, James D. Watson,
Molecular Biology of the cell - second edition, Garland Publishing, Inc. New York London,
1989.
Botez V. Mihai, Frunz G. Florin, Laserterapie clinic, Editura PIM, Iai, 2009.
Boyd S., Laser Surgery of the Eye, Highlights in Ophthalmology, 2005.
Butterworth H., Ch. M. Wormington, Ophthalmic Lasers, 2003.
Tiu G., Jan Hurjui, Durerea Actualiti, Ed. BIT,1999.
Tiu G., Botez V. Mihai, Frunz G. Florin, Laserterapie clinic, Editura Junimea Iai, 2002.
26
Abstract: Spectral investigation was carried out on a plant material in suspension in olive oil exposed to
effect of irradiation with a laser beam through the optical fiber. The oil slurry was prepared of dried
herbs in the form of powder and is intended for therapeutic administration due to the promising clinical
results shown on broiler chickens and Wistar laboratory rats. Spectral analysis was performed by UVVis and IR techniques. There were notable differences between the UV-Vis spectra, in contrast to IR data
suggesting an intersting interaction beetwen laser and oil witch was monitored electronically active
principles of the herb oil suspension (with antitumoral effect). Key words: laser incorporated technology
laser, interaction, natural remedies, spectral analysis.
Compui n uleiul de
msline
triacidglicerol
190 - 237
237 - 300
tocoferoli i fenoli
derivai de vitamina E
clorofil i pigmeni
300 - 400
400 - 600
600 - 700
28
1.4
Absorbance (a.u.)
1.2
1 Oil
1 Irradiated Oil
1 Oily suspension
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
Wavelenght (nm)
Fig. 1. a. Analiza spectral UV-Vis spectral a segmentului mediu din tubul cu ulei de
msline
1.6
1.5
1.4
1.3
1.2
Absorbance
1.1
1.0
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
Oil
Irradiated O il
Oily suspension
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
260
270
280
290
300
W avelenght (nm)
UM1
1.4686
UM2
1.4686
UM3
1.4686
UMI1
1.4686
UMI2
1.4686
UMI3
1.4686
laser
II2
1.4686
II1
1.4686
II3
1.4686
Oil
100
3473
80
Absorbance
60
40
3006
1377
725
20
1236
1465
1161
2853
-20
2927
1746
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
-1
W avenum bers(cm )
30
3500
I r r a d i a t e d o il
100
3473
Absorbance
80
725
1377
3006
60
1236
1465
40
1161
2853
20
1446
500
1000
1500
2927
2000
2500
W a v e n u m b e rs (c m
-1
3000
3500
O ily s u s p e n d io n
1 00
3473
80
Absorbance
725
3006
1465
60
1161
40
2853
1746
20
2927
500
100 0
150 0
2000
W a v e n u m b e rs (c m
25 00
-1
30 00
3500
Fig 3. Analiza spectrului de absorbie IR pentru cele trei tipuri de probe cu ulei
Frecven (cm-1)
723
1161
1236
1377
1465
1655
724
1162
1236
1378
1465
1654
1746
1746
2732
31
2854
2925
2853
2924
2962
3006
3006
3468
2956
3005
3005
3473
100
80
Absorbance
60
3473
2675
40
2956
20
O il
Ir r a d ia t e d O il
O i ly s u s p e n s i o n
2853
-2 0
2000
2924
2200
2400
2600
2800
3000
3200
3400
3600
3800
100
80
Absorbance
60
40
1655
1417
20
1465
0
-20
1400
1746
1450
1500
1550
1600
1650
1700
1750
1800
W avenumbers(cm-1)
100
Oil
Irradiated Oil
Oil suspension
80
Absorbance
60
960
1032
40
1378
20
1236
1162
-20
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
W avenumbers(cm -1)
Concluzii
Spectrele de absorbie UV-Vis obinute
dup iradierea probelor de ulei i a
33
Bibliografie
34
1Universitatea
Valeriu Cotea1
,,Ion Ionescu de la Brad Iai, Romnia (UE)
Abstract: Proposed study on animals, by experiment, the influence of plant soak remedy called
Interfitron a product component of therapeutic NN system Interfitron, to verify exceptional
therapeutic clinical results obtained previously on ill volunteers with severe consumptive diseases
such as malignant tumors and chronic hepatitis B and C. Normally, organisms have developed a
number of mechanisms to counteract oxidative attack. Keywords: natural antioxidants, malignancy,
chronic hepatitis B and C.
Tabel 1
Dimensiunile particulelor i cantitatea de principii active ncorporate la probele folosite n
experimentele cu obolanii Wistar
Proba
Simbol prob
N2 martor
Diametrul particulei
(mm)
0,5 - 1
Substana activ
n particular (mg)
-
1
2
U2 INTERFITRON
1-2
U2 INTERFITRON
3-4
AL AP LASERAT
3-4
N3
0,5 - 1
Antioxidant 0,1
mg.
Antioxidant 0,1
mg.
Antioxidant 0,1
mg.
Detoxifiant 0,1
mg.
35
n prima zi s-a urmrit localizarea sistemelor particulate - polimer antioxidant i polimer - detoxifiant i
a polimerului n general prin sacrificarea obolanilor i a puilor broiler din cele zece loturi la 3, 6 i 9 ore
de la administrare (tabelele 3, 4, 5, 6, 7). Administrarea sistemelor particulate polimer - antioxidant,
polimer-detoxifiant i polimer simplu, s-a fcut zilnic timp de 14 zile. De la exemplarele supuse
experienei s-au recoltat, de la obolani fragmente din stomac (marea curbur), duoden, jejun, ileon i
ficat. Fragmentele au fost fixate n Bouin i Orth, incluse la parafin i secionate la 5 m. Coloraiile
folosite au fost HE, HEA, Novelli, PAS, albastru Alcian, Steedman-Mowry, Papanicolau, Heidenhein i
Giemsa pentru esut. De la obolani au fost obinute 120 blocuri de parafin cu piese incluse, din care sau efectuat 960 preparate histologice. n cazul puilor broiler s-au recoltat fragmente din ingluvie (gu),
ventricul (pipot), proventricul (stomacul glandular), duoden, jejun, ileon i ficat. Fixarea
fragmententelor recoltate s-a realizat prin Bouin i Orth, incluse la parafin i secionate la 5 m, iar
coloraiile folosite au fost HE, HEA, Novelli, PAS, albastru Alcian, Steedman - Mowry, Papanicolau,
Heidenhain i Giemsa pe esut. De la puii broiler au fost obinute 320 blocuri de parafin cu piese
incluse, din care s-au efectuat 2560 preparate histologice. n total, n cadrul experienelor pe obolani i
pui broiler, au fost obinute 3520 preparate histologice, ce au fost citite i interpretate la microscop.
Rezultate i discuii
Pentru a evidenia rolul
antioxidanlor ca sisteme
de protecie in vivo
mpotriva stresului
oxidativ, se prezint o
sistematizare a acestora.
Organismele au trebuit s
i dezvolte o serie de
mecanisme prin care s
mpiedice formarea
radicalilor liberi cu
oxigenul sau s
contracareze efectele
oxidante [1, 5] ale acestor
molecule extrem de
agresive. Evoluia a dus
la selectarea i
ncorporarea unor
sisteme enzimatice i
neenzimatice, ce
neutralizeaz excesul de
specii oxidative produse
ca urmare a unor procese
endogene (fiziologice sau
patologice) i exogene
(fotooxidri, radiaii),
Cercetrile recente
asupra efectelor speciilor
reactive de oxigen [4, 7],
asupra structurilor viului
i asupra sistemelor, a
mecanismelor de
,,stingere sunt tot mai
numeroase, terapia
antioxidant fiind de o
actualitate stringent.
36
prooxidanilor este
nsoit de declanarea
unor reacii de tip
radicalic de ctre speciile
active de oxigen, ce vor
interaciona cu structurile
celulare din preajm
(lipide membranare, acizi
nucleici, proteine), pe
care le vor transforma,
modificndu-le i
37
Proventricul (stomac-poriunea
glandulara) de pui broiler. Lotul 8, proba
U2, dup 14 zile de administrare a
polimerului antioxidant 0,l mg. Glandele
sacciforme. Col. HEA; X 120
Proventricul (stomac-poriunea
glandulara) de pui broiler. Lotul 8,
proba U2, dupa 14 zile de administrare
a polimerului antioxidant 0,1 mg.
Mucoasa cu epiteliul prismatic simplu.
Col. HEA; X 120
mg, nu au fost identificate, ceea ce
sugereaz, c folosind dimensiuni mici la
sistemele particulate polimer-antioxidant,
polimer-detoxifiant (0,5 1 mm), acestea
sunt distruse datorita coninutului gastric
i mai ales coninutului din duoden.
n ceea ce privete efectele
antioxidantului i detoxifiantului asupra
parenchimului hepatic, dup 14 zile de la
administrare se constat o stimulare a
funciilor hepatocitului prin prezena a
numeroase mitocondrii de 1 - 1,5 m n
38
vilozitailor intestinale.
Pentru ficat, efectul stimulator i
protector al antioxidantului se observ mai
ales la probele 8 U2 de 3 - 4 mm,
antioxidant 0,1 mg si 9 AL de 3 4 mm,
antioxidant 0,1 mg, la care hepatocitele
prezint un nucleu veziculos i nucleolat,
iar n citoplasm se evideniaz
mitocondriile; Plana V, Fig. 17, 18, 19, 20.
Concluzii
1. n cazul obolanilor Wistar, dup
administrarea celor 5 probe, 1. N2 (martor,
0,5 1 mm), 2. U2 (1 2 mm, antioxidant
0,1 mg), 3. U2 (3 4 mm, an-tioxidant 0,1
mg), 4. AL (3 - 4 mm, antioxidant 0,1 mg) i
5. N3 (0,5 1 mm, detoxifiant 0,1 mg), cnd
numai probele 3. U2 de 3 4 mm
antioxidant 0,1 mg i 4. AL de 3 - 4 mm
antioxidant 0,1 mg au fost identificate n
jejun, segment ce ofer prin structura sa
posibilitatea de absorbie n proporie mai
mare a antioxidantului.
2. Efectele sistemelor particulate
polimer-antioxidant asupra parenchimului
hepatic sunt extrem de evidente la
probele 3 - U2 (3 4 mm, antioxidant 0,1
mg), 4 - AL (3 4 mm, antioxidant 0,1 mg)
i 5 - N3 (0,5 1 mm, detoxifiant 0,1 mg),
prin stimularea metabolismului
hepatocitelor datorit prezenei n
citoplasma lor a numeroase mitocondrii de
dimensiuni foarte mari, ceea ce explic
efectul asupra celulelor maligne, ce se
dezvolt n condiii de absen a
oxigenului, prezena mitocondriilor
Bibliografie
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
39
Abstract: Methods of payment for primary care services vary in different countries. Combined methods
per capita and per service, increasingly used. The proposed research tested fee per service model by
applying a funding mechanism for quality indicators. The indicators were selected over the years and
divided into four categories. Then a score for which indicator assigned and payment is made by the
National Health Insurance Company. A tuning fork assessment was conducted to achieve the estimated
amount by contracted providers in 2013, the total number of points for quality performance indicators
and compexity of provided services evaluated. The results show a wide range in the estimated
objectives in the country. The overall trend is positive both by increasing number of services provided,
and especially the complexity of it. In conclusion, we recommend further study of the observed pozitive
effects of the funding for quality indicators. Key words: family physician, payment, indicators.
Actualitatea problemei
Odat cu implementarea Asigurrlor
Obligatorii de Asisten Medical n Republica
Moldova n anul 2004, modalitatea de plat
pentru asistena medical primar s-a schimbat
de la buget tradiional la finanare per capita.
[1, 5] Spiritul pozitiv al acestor schimbri
pentru instituia medical la constituit
posibilitatea manevrelor manageriale, adica
gestionrea banilor alocai pentru prestarea
serviciilor de asisten medical primar a
devenit responsabilitatea managerilor
instituiilor i a permis o flexibilitate mai mare
n luarea deciziilor. [9, 12] Prin optimizarea i
reducerea cheltuielelor de ntreinere a
instituiei i altor cheltuieli a fost posibil
majorarea salariilor persoanelor care nemijlocit
particip la prestarea actului medical. [1, 9] Ca
urmare se atepta o cretere a numrului de
servicii prestate i sporirea calitii acestora. [4]
ns se cunoate c monofinanarea per capita
nu stimuleaz creterea volumului de servicii
prestate, metoda de plat nefiind legat de
rezultatele activitii medicale. [7, 8, 11] Drept
soluie pentru rezolvarea acestei probleme s-a
recurs la combinarea finanrii per capita cu
finanare pentru indicatori de calitate. [10]
Astfel, ncepnd cu anul 2005 au fost stabilii
pentru bonificaie trei asemenea indicatori:
1. Imunizare- realizarea a cel puin 95% din
numrul de imunizri programat pe
40
41
Rezultate i discuii
Material i metode
42
180,0%
160,0%
140,0%
120,0%
100,0%
80,0%
60,0%
40,0%
20,0%
0,0%
3 000 000
2 818 505
2 446 720
2 500 000
2 311 989
2 114 769
2 000 000
1 992 156
1 936 627 1 951 435
1 736 932
2 028 747
1 896 321
1 838 827
1 714 633
1 500 000
1 000 000
500 000
0
1
10
11
12
800000
5
4,5
4
3,5
3
2,5
2
1,5
1
0,5
0
700000
600000
500000
400000
300000
200000
100000
0
1
10
11
12
Nr Servicii
Fig. 3. Evoluia numrului de servicii prestate i a valorii medii a unui serviciu prestat
44
9%
10%
45%
5%
9%
15%
7%
Cardiovasculare
Copii
Diabet
Gravide
Onco
Spitalizare
Tbc
Fig. 4. Proporia punctelor acumulate de prestatorii de asisten medical primar pe subgrupuri de indicatori
45
Concluzii
1. Finanarea pentru indicatorii de performan
are un efect pozitiv asupra numrului i
calitii serviciilor prestate de ctre medicii de
familie i prin urmare poate fi considerat o
form eficace de corecie a pasivitii
mecanismului de plat per capita.
2. Trei componente de evaluare a efectului
aplicrii mecanismului de finanare pentru
Bibliografie:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
ABABII I., BIVOL GR., CUROCICHIN GH., ZARBAILOV N., NEMERENCO A. Dezvoltarea
Medicinei de familie n Republica Moldova. Congresul II al Medicilor de familie din Republica
Moldova (publicaii), 25-26 octombrie 2006. Chiinu, 2006, p. 3-8
BARBAROIE A., CUROCICHIN GH., DAMACAN GH. i al., Finanarea n contextual
asigurrii calitii serviciilor medicale. Sub. red. Prof.univ. D.Tintiuc, Chisinau, 2007, 210 P.
BUSATO A., MATTER P., KNZI B., Factors related to treatment intensity in Swiss primary
care, BMC Health Serv Res. 2009; 9: 49. PMCID: PMC2664802.
CHARLES J. WRIGHT, MB, MSc, FRCSC Physician remuneration methods: The need for
change and flexibility, CAN MED ASSOC J * ler MARS 1996; 154 (5)
DAMACAN GH. Analiza comparativ a metodelor de plat utilizate pentru procurarea
serviciilor medicale primare n cadrul asigurrii medicale obligatorii. n: Curierul medical, nr. 3
(327), 2012, p. 143-147.
DAMACAN GH., ECO C., PRIJILEVSCAIA N. Utilizarea formei de plat ,,per caz tratat n
cadrul asistenei medicale primare. . n: Curierul medical, nr. 3 (327), 2012, p. 150-151.
ECO C., DAMACAN GH., BUGA M., ROTARU D. Influena metodei de plat per capita
asupra ,,productivitii instituiilor medicale primare.n: Curierul medical, nr. 3 (327), p. 179183.
ECO C., DAMACAN GH., JOSAN O. Corecia inechitii metodei de contractare ,,per capita
n cadrul asistenei medicale primare prin ajustare la risc de vrst. n: Curierul medical, nr. 3
(327), 2012, p. 178-179.
ECO, C.; BUGA, M.; CIOCANU, M., DAMACAN, GH., URSU, P. Asigurarea obligatorie de
asisten medical din Republica Moldova: realizrii perspective. Ch.: Epigraf SRL, 2011. 432 p.
GOSDEN T., FORLAND F., KRISTIANSEN I.S., SUTTON M., LEESE B., GIUFFRIDA A.,
SERGISON M., PEDERSEN L., Capitation, salary, fee-for-service and mixed systems of
payment: effects on the behaviour of primary care physicians (Review), Cochrane Database Syst
Rev. 2000;(3):CD002215.
KANGARLOO H, HO BK, LUFKIN RB, BARBARIC Z, KIRLEW K, YAGHMAI S, SCHOLEM D,
STECKEL RJ., Effect of conversion from a fee-for-service plan to a capitation reimbursement
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201(1):79-84.
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2(29)/2009, p.5-11 ISSN 1729-8687
STEPHEN J. SPANN, MD, MBA and for the members of Task Force 6 and The Executive
Editorial Team* Task Force Report 6. Report on Financing the New Model of Family Medicine,
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46