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Adăugarea unei constante la fiecare valoare a distribuției crește sau scade media cu
valoarea constantei respective.
Suma pătratelor abaterilor de la medie va fi tot timpul mai mică decât suma
pătratelor abaterilor în raport cu orice alt punct din distribuție.
Abaterea standard față de medie este mai mică decât abaterea standard față de orice
altă valoare a distribuției.
Relationships among naturally occurring variables are assessed with the goal of
identifying a predictive relationship.
Response rate refers to the percentage of people that complete the survey.
o Low response rate indicated that there could be a response rate bias that
threatens the representativeness of a sample.
Stratified sampling is useful when you want to describe specific portions of the
population.
Studiul de tip survey este un studiu descriptiv care oferă informații cu privire la starea
actuală sau la evoluția unui fenomen (local sau global) într-o anumită populație.
Testul de semnificație are rolul de a disocia între ceea ce poate fi întâmplător de ceea
ce este sistematic.
Teoria limitei centrale - distribuția mediilor tuturor eșantioanelor ce pot fi extrase aleator
dintr-o populație este de formă gaussiană.
Comparația a două distribuții de scoruri standard Z are sens doar dacă cele două au forme
similare (în cazul formelor diferite pot fi folosite centile).
The scientific method is an abstract concepts that refers to the ways in which questions
are asked and the logic and methods used to gain answers.
Ethnocentrism occurs when peoples' view of another culture are biased by the framework
or lens of their own culture.
Cross-cultural research is one way to help us avoid studying only one dominant culture
and to remind us that we need to be careful to use cultural lenses beyond our own in our
research.
Cognitive bias - illusory correlation - one possible basis for the illusory correlation bias is
that we are more likely to notice events that are consistent with our beliefs than events that
contradict our beliefs.
Confounding occurs when two potentially effective independent variables are allowed to
covary simultaneously.
The adequacy of a test of any research hypothesis is limited by the adequacy of the
measurement of the conceptual variables.
The measured variables are then used to draw inferences about conceptual variables.