Rolul grupului n promovarea sntii la copil i adolescent

Gaia (Palfi) OanaMCIDU Iuhos LenkeMCIDU, MPS

Muntean LoredanaMPS Pop Suarasan Meda-MPS

Grupul
Afecteaz decisiv comportamentele legate de sntate i atitudinile, influennd i ntrind normele i valorile personale, stabilind o identitate social i cultural i oferind un model de comportament. (C.Currie et al.) Exemple de grupuri specifice copiilor i adolescenilor: Grupul de colegi Grupul din cartier Echipe sportive Organizaii pentru tineri

Dezvoltarea relaiilor de grup

Contextul grupului - straturi multiple, suprapuse, de relaii sociale Susinerea Acceptarea n grup sau respingerea Neglijarea

http://www.bmj.com/content/339/bmj.b4254

Semnificaia grupului pentru sntatea copiilor i adolescenilor

Grupul poate conduce adolescentul nspre diferite comportamente cu consecine fizice sau psihice pe termen scurt sau lung. In interiorul grupului apar comportamente care pot afecta starea de sntate sau starea de bine a adolescenilor. Pentru copil, grupul nseamn o via emoional mai bun.

Percentage of teenagers who thought their peers "cared a lot" about a health behavior

Rolul grupului
Legtura dintre rolul grupului i traiectoria de dezvoltare a individului este mai strns n adolescen dect n copilrie sau la vrsta adult. Aceast legtur este determinat de dou mecanisme: selectarea grupului i influena grupului. Grupul de adolesceni este asociat cu diverse aspecte ale dezvoltrii adolescenilor: pozitive i negative.

Factori de risc i factori de protecie

Din perspectiva sntii, influena egalilor este complex, genernd att factori de protecie ct i de risc. Frecvena ntlnirilor cu prietenii este asociat cu comportamentele de risc Cei care nu sunt integrai social sunt mult mai susceptibili n a avea probleme de sntate fizic sau emoional, fiind crucial s fie plcui i acceptai de ctre egali Izolarea de ctre egali poate conduce la sentimente de nsingurare i la simptome de natur psihologic Factori de protecie factorul proximitate sociala si selectie

Comportamente de risc n cadrul grupului

Fumatul (consumul de tutun) Consumul de alcool Consumul de substane ilegale (droguri) Activitate fizic/ sedentarism Comportamente alimentare Comportament sexual (sex neprotejat)

http://heapro.oxfordjournals.org/content/21/4/274/F1.expansion.h tml

Aplicaie
Propunei ct mai multe activiti de promovare a sntii la copiii sau adolesceni, din perspectiva grupului din care vei face parte.
-Grupul de majorete

Grupul de colegi, clasa a X-a

Grupul din cartier (cu un nivel socio-economic ridicat)

-Grupul de copii -care cnt la chitar

Bibliografie
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Candance Currie, Saoirse Nic Gabhainn, Emmanuelle Godeau, Chris Roberts, Dorothy Currie, Will Picket, Matthias Richter, Antony Morgan, Vivian Barnekow. Inequalities in young peoples health. Health behaviour in school-aged children. International report from the 2005/2006 survey. Health Policy for Children and Adolescents, 5.

Candance Currie, Cara Zanotti, Antony Morgan, Dorothy Currie, Margaretha de Looze, Chris Roberts, Oddrun Samdal, Otto R.F. Smith, Vivian Barnekow. Social determinants of health and well-being among young people. Health behaviour in school-aged children study. International report from the 2009/2010 survey. Health Policy for Children and Adolescents, 6.
Grace C. Huang, Jennifer B. Unger, Daniel Soto, Kayo Fujimoto, Mary Ann Pentz, Maryalice Jordan-Marsh, and Thomas W. Valente (2013). Peer Influences: The Impact of Online and Offline Friendship Networks on Adolescent Smoking and Alcohol Use. Journal of Adolescent Health, 1-7. Abraham, D. (coord.); Abraham, A.; Dalu, A.M.; Fierbinteanu, C.; Marcovici, O.; Mitulescu, S.; Plaesu, A.; Sufaru, I (2013). Situaia adolescenilor din Romnia. UNICEF Romnia. World Health Statistics 2013. Part. III. Global health indicators. Ken Rigby (2000). Effects of peer victimization in schools and perceived social support on adolescent well-being. Journal of Adolescence, 2

 Harden, A., Oakley, A., & Oliver, S. (2001). Peer-delivered health promotion for young people: A systematic review of different study designs. Health Education Journal, 60, 339-353.
Crosnoe, R., & McNeely, C. (2008). Peer relations, adolescent behavior, and public health research and practice. Family and Community Health, 31 (1S), S71-S80 Ronald T. Brown (Ed.) (2004). Handbook of pediatric psychology in school settings. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Cap. 34. La Greca, A. M., Bearman, K. J., & Moore, H.: Peer relations (p. 657-678).

Audrey, S., Holliday, J., & Campbell, R. (2008). Commitment and compatibility: teachers perspectives on the implementation of an effective school-based, peer-led smoking intervention. Health Education Journal, 67 (2), 7490.