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51-75
CRIZA ECONOMIC DIN 1873. MANIFESTAREA I PERCEPIA
EI N ECONOMIA I SOCIETATEA TRANSILVAN
Iosif Marin Balog**
Abstract: The study examines the economic effects of the great crisis of 1873 and how it was
perceived in Transylvania. The author starts from the pre-crisis economic situation, analyzes
the causes that led to its outbreak, both in the Habsburg Monarchy in general, and in
Transylvania. The author discusses how the crisis spread at financial level from Vienna, the
capital stock of Central Europe at that time and to real economic plan, into the peripheral
regions that were more or less connected to the circuitry of financial, investment and
production of the Monarchy.
One of the sections analyses how the crisis has manifested itself in the real economy of
Transylvania, at the social level and also how this period was perceived by the population
and how was affected entrepreneurship. The last part of the study shows the potential
consequences and lessons of the crisis in 1873 given to the economy and society in future
decades that followed.
Keywords: Economic Crisis, Great Depression of 1873, Economy, Society, Transylvania,
19th Century
n momentul n care, n septembrie 2008, ceea ce se anuna drept o criz
financiar global s-a transformat rapid ntr-una economic, ale crei cauze
complexe rezid n evoluiile sistemului economico-financiar din ultimele 5-6
decenii, foarte multe voci au susinut ideea c oamenii de azi nu ar trebui s se uite
doar la starea conturilor, la indicii bursieri de pe Wall Street, de la Londra i Tokio,
ci c o ntoarcere la documentele i leciile istoriei ar fi mai necesar ca oricnd.
Crizele ca i bolile, scria Clement Juglar unul dintre primii analiti avizai n
materie de crize, par una dintre condiiile de existen ale societilor n care
industria i comerul domin. Ele se pot prevedea, se pot diminua, dar cu toate
acestea, nu se pot nltura.
1
Exemplul furnizat de crizele secolului al XIX-lea poate fi relevant n
condiiile n care ceea ce se ntmpl la ora actual are foarte multe similitudini cu