1 Cy Nae ee Ready for coursebook with key 3rd Edition Ley sietekscke MUM LUA AcLSA)Unit Language focus sonar 1 Nea ti cot mey Pet bon 2 Betis Tes coe 1 Dlg atowdepast 2 mee 2 Naam agin Sate 1 Hype ston. 3 ip 2 Peto econ wstane 1 Pcasten nes 2 Gur eines a 1 fee ndtinis mee 2 hatte das Alndenine 1 Pastas! re 2 hes Vocabulary Writing a hain ‘Changes Feeview (Part 2) Smell Report (Part 2} 4 Body idioms Essay Partt) see | eee a er fei Tee feponed pecs Tcctenedemwath Dalene and pone Pitt 1 Notes al on would 5 Toa seater Gores Creates Petit Rsk ena {say Part) 1 Amount Report Pot} 2 Var red with up, down, over andundar say Pat 4 Describing a advenie 2 Anger 10 feeamitore Paricle dases 11 faitetetxaton Inverson Pape 1 Confucian andinkngabetiale 2 Medl verbs 3 mut me should and oughtto 1 Descitng cms and Rowes ‘ermal oni Pat 2) 1 Noise ard soaed 1 sige Proposal ar] 2 Rasdand write evew Par 2) 1 pressions oniphzeswithwork — Eay(ott) 2 Atte feeble © eens 13 eae 2 beer degee 14 Menger owns 1 Eating an king 1 frat eter art. 2 Decepion 2 por ra) 1 Money Foxmalleer art] 2 Qxantjingrouns PagersReading Nol dice a5) 2 Mole matching Par 8) ape (07) Use of English Word omation- Nuns Wor fomaton Pa 3) 1 pence Pa) Malte deicedoze a 1) Wr fomatn: cece and adver Word erate 3) pen coe (ra2) Xe word uarsloraton Fa) Listening itso (Poe) 4 Sertene completion a2 2 Multislematexng Par) 1 wane ore a 2 hate se Pe Speaking Longa a2) olaboraive ak Pa 3) Lengtam an} Crsstec mule acting a8) 2 Gapped text Pat 7 ‘Mutiple chice Pat) ej word wansforaton far) Multiple chic ze Pa 1) pen daze ar?) rd oman a 3) evo unin Fa 1) Mule mating a4) 1 Semtncecarpletion(at2) sie ie a) 2 Mabe dene Pa} 1 Mutclerateing Par) 2 Semence competion a2) 1 Coleborate task Fat 3) Longa Pa?) 1 bong wenPar2) 2 Colobrative ek Part 3) 3 Tatherdscusson fart) plecdie Put 3 Conese ag Pa 26apped ton Par 7) Matile matching Pat 8) errr 2 Mabie choize Pa 5) 4 Crestor mile mating Pa 6) Gapetten a7 1 Male doce (Pan 5), 2 nope dove Part) ‘word ematon Yes ‘Wed tematon a3) 1 Open Pat) Keprordtasmtin Pa) Nalile-ee oe rd formation:Akeraies fom he same nore woed ‘ord fernatin at 3) “Tanomtions Pat (pen cave Pat 2) 1 Opa deo) 3 Resa nan ‘iorfraten Word fermion: Nous Formed th in up, down and back Word fermion Par 3) ‘penciozePat2} gece isin ultpe ate pa 3 1 Sentence complete Par. 2} 2 Maple matting Pa) 1 Serene compen 2 Maple choice a 3) a bile marching Pat 4) 1 Malle choice fat) 2 Sentence compli (st 2) 1 Seance completion Pa2) 2 Mulpe matting Fae) F307) olaboratve ts Par 3) Furie dsaxson Pa 8) Lngtum a2) ong ur P22) 1 Colabcave ask Pa 3) 2 Farherdcssion Part) 1 Colaborae rae ar 3 2 Furr dicsioe Pa 1 Mubiple matching ar) 2 Gapped ten Pat perenne " 1 Word oration Prt) Key word rentormeton ard} 1 eed oman er 3) pence Pan) ule choice Part) 4 Sentence competion Pat?) 2 Nulpe hice Pat 3) Long en Fa? 1 Colaba ak (03) 2 Langu Po} ‘goesreeere es nein caine Page 238 ‘nswely PageWelcome to Ready for Advanced, a course which ix designed to help you prepare for the Cambridge English: Advanced examination, also known as Certificate in Advanced English (CAE). This book contains a wide range of activities aimed 2 improving vour English and developing the Tanguage and skills which you will need to pass the examination, As well ay providing relevant practice in reading, writing, listening and speaking, each unit of Ready for Advanced includes one or more Language focus sections, which analyse the main giammar arcas at advanced level, logether with Vocabulary slots, which give particular eraphasis to collocation. The course also includes a systematic approach to Word formation, which appears as a task type in the Reading and Use of English paper. At regular intervals, you will ind special scetions which focus oon the most important aspects of this task, ensuring that you are properly prepared to deal with it in the examination, At the end of every unit, there is a two-page Review section, which enables you to revise and practise the new language you have encountered in the unit Throughout the book you will find the following boxes, which are designed to help you when performing the different casks: What to expect in the exam: these contain useful information on what you should be prepared to see, hear or do in a particular task in the examination, How to go about it: these give advice and guidelines on how to deal with different task types and specific questions. Don't forgett: these provide a reminder of important points to bear in mind when answering a particular question. Useful language: these contain vocabulary and structures which can be used when doing a specific speaking or writing uetivity. Further information und advice on each of the papers in the Cambridge Fnglish: Advanced exam is included in the five supplementary ‘Ready for Units. These are situated at regular intervals in the book and can be used at appropnate moments during the course. The Ready for Writing unit contains model answers for each of the main task ‘types, together with advice, uscful language and further writing tasks for you to complete. At the end of the book you will ind an extensive ‘Wordlist, which builds on the vocabulary areas ston in the units, as well as the Listening scripts and a Grammar reference. This contains detailed explanations of the grammar areas seen in the unit. peeeaene: eee Overview of the Examination ‘The Cambridge English: Advanced examination ‘consists of four papers, as shown below and on page 5. The Writing, Listening and Speaking papers each carry 20% of the total marks; the Reading and Use of English paper carries 49% (20% for the ‘Reading tasks and 20% for the Use of English tasks). Alow mark in one paper does not necessarily mean a candidate will fail the examination: it is Une overall mark which counts. For more information and advice on each paper, see the appropriate ‘Ready for..." unit, as well ws the relevant sections in the main units of the book. Reading and Use of English 1 hour 30 minutes ‘There are eight parts to this paper: Parte 1 to 4 are grammar and vocabulary tasks; Parts 5 to 8 are Feading tasks. For the Use of English tasks, euch correct answer in Parts 1 to 3 receives one mark, cach question in Part 4 carries up to two marks. For the reading tasks, each correct answer in Parts 5 (0. 7 receives two marks, and there is one mark for each ‘question in Part 8. Part Task Type Number of Task Format Questions 1 Mubtiplechoice a cone choice of 4 answer: for each co 2 Open cioze 8 text with 8 gaps each of ‘which must be completed with one word 3 Word formation 8 Atext containing 8 gaps The tasks to complete each 92 with he conet form of 3 given vor, 4 Key word 6 Gapped sentences which ttanslomaton must ke completed using 2 liven word 5 Multiple choice © text followed by mutpe- choice questions with four cpsions, © Gosstext 4 Four shor tents flowed by ‘multiple vatching Inulblematching questions “hose requice candidates to compare opinions ond cettudes expressed inthe tents. 7 Gapped rex 6 tex fom which paragraphs hhave been ernved. ‘Candidates replace wach of ‘these inthe appropriate part ofthe tex. A tex preceded by multiples ‘matching questions wich Fequire candidates to find Specicinformatin ina text orton, 8 Mutplematcing 19Writing 1 hour 30 minutes ‘There are two parts to this paper, each of which carries the same number of marks, Part 1 is compulsory, so must be answered by all candidates, whereas in Part 2 candidates choose one from three. tasks. Candidates are required to write 220-260 words for cach part. Part Task Type ‘Number of Task Format Tasks 1 tes 1 candidates wite an (compulsory essay based on two points from a choice of thre. They explain which of the to points is more importnt, ging reasons for thei opinions, 2 3 Awitng tak witha (candidates dear conte, pupace for choose one) writing ard target reader Canadates write one of the following: eter, proposal. report rview, Listening about 40 minutes ‘This paper consists of four parts with a toral of 30 questions, cach of which carries one mark. Each part contains one or more recorded texts, and all recordings are heard twice, Candidates are tested ‘on their ability to understand, for example, gist, main points, specific information, Function, purpose, feelings, attitudes and opinions. Part Task Type ‘Number of Task Format Questions 1 Multiple choice 5 vee stor unrelated cetvacs fom exchanges berween interacting speakers. For each exvoc thre are tro mutiple- ‘hose quesuons each th tree options. Ammonclogue lasing approximately $ minutes Candidates write a word or short phrase to complete sentences. ‘Aconversation between ‘io oF more speakers, lasting approximately 4 minutes Mubipledhoice questions have four options. Five short monologues con the same theme each lasting approximately 30 seconds. There ae two separate tasks For each ‘ask you are required to select the correct option from a choice of eight. 2 Sentence 8 completion 3 Multple choice 6 4 Mtiplemaeting 10 introduction (Busis Speaking 15 minutes There are four parts th this paper. Thore are usually two candidates and two examiners. Candidates are required to demonstrate their spoken language skills in a range of contexts Pat Tacktype Time 1 Social interaction Task Format Candidates give personal information in esponse to question fom the interviewes Each candidate tas about 2 set of pictrs for about 1 minute ond comments on the ater candidate's tutes tor about 30 seconds, Candidates ore giver ‘nstuctions with wetten prompts which they use for sdscusson 2 minutes) and then adecsion-mating task (1 inate. The giving of Ingvucios kes about 1 Zines 2 tongtun minutes 3 Collbbortive tak 4 minutes 4 Fonher dscusion 5 minutes scusion which ig relaxed To the topc of Fart 3, Rey Norris Anondea Frenchnan ‘Look at these pictures, They show people facing different challenges. Student A: ‘Compare two of the pictures, and say what challenges Uhe people face, the kind of problems they might ‘encounter, and how they might be feeling Student B: ‘When your partner has finished talking about the two pictures, say which of them represents Wie more difficult challenge. When comparing your pices, tak our the siniaies and Aierences berween them, 9. Both pictures show. but this one... whereas the other speculate about the pictures as indicated inthe instruction. You ae notased simply to describe whats happening. 09. They might (well have problem finishing. ‘She's likely teShe'l probably find t quite tough to begin with. {expectimagine they're fling atl lonely a the moment, Use a wide range of vocabulary For example when speculating about peop’ feelings, go beyond theuseof simple word such as happy, sador nervous. Before you do the task, complete the following exercise Arrange the words and phrases in the box into three groups ascording to “whether they ean be used instead of very happy sad oF wanting to ery 1ervous or worried tearful tearfel anxious delighted apprehensive miserable elated close to wars thrilled “tense weepy onedge overjoyed | ‘Now change roles. Follow the instructions again using the remaining pictures,Aiming high QR “Reading and, — Maltipte choice \ lise of Engtish) + > You are going to read an article shout Parker Liautaud, young man wher es "as been on several polar expeditions, With your Farner discs Your eas on the following: + the type af person who would take up such a challenge «their reasons for doing so + the preparation required * the conditions or difficulties they experience in the Arctic and the Antaret ‘Now read the article, For questions 1~6 on page 9, choose the answer (A, B, Cor D) which you think fits best according to the text. Before you look atthe questions quickly read through the whole tet to get an idea ofthe content. ive youself tee minutes ta read tie text on page 8. Look for information on Parker Uautaud which {srelevant to the points in exercise 1. Compare your answers with a partner. axing hoth your quick read and your more detailed read, you wl ned o use context to elp you gues the ‘meaning of unknown vocabulary as you may not tke a dictionary nt the exam, Discuss with your partner the possible meanings of the word in bold in the frst two paragraphs. ‘Read each question careful and find the pars ofthe text which relate o each one. in Pato the Reading ‘and Use of Englsh paper the questions fllow the same order asthe information nthe tet. ‘Don’t choose your answers yet. In the margin, mark the general area ofthe text which relevant to ‘each question, Foc each question, eliminate the options which are ceaty wrong and choose the best answer. LUndertine key phrases or sentences in the text which help you make your choice Reread the questions Do the options you have chosen accurately reflec the Information you have underines intheter? _estifyyour answers to your parine, explaining why other options ar incorrect.BRB. aiming high 0 B 5 ‘There are things that you expect to sec etched into the face of every polar ‘explorer: broken veins; the scars of a few battles with {rostbite. On meeting Parker Liautaud at Venice Beach in sunny California, I see he has yet to gain a single ‘one of these. Appeararices ‘an be deceptive, though. AC17, Parker has already taken’ part in three serious polar expeditions. I's also worth mentioning that he happens to have impeccable ‘manners and that quiet sense of self-confidence common among the products of expensive boarding schools. Born in California, he and his four siotings spent their formative years in the UK, after their father, a successful businessman, decided that the family might benefit from spending some time in London. Until 13, Parker was an ordinary kid, That changed after he met polar explorer Robert Swan. They began an ‘email correspondence which ‘escalated into a friendship that eventually saw the then 1 Axyear-old invited to join a trip to the Antarctic. He said yes almost instantly. Friends ‘and family to whorn he'd so {ar shown he had no particular interest in outdoor pursuits, particulary polar ones, were perplexed - to say the least. ‘ras the second-choice goalkeeper for the th lowest football team in school, So the prospect of me hauling a sled across miles of snow ‘was kind of afaree, and Iwas really not taken seriously,’ he recalls, He ate lots of chicken, spent along time in the gym, 4nd proved them wrong One cool guy How Parker Liautaud aims to save the world, one polar expedition ata time The following year, Liautaud 3 cooked up amore ambitious plan: to become the ‘youngest-ever person to trek tothe North Pole, He found a new accomplice, the veteran «2 explorer Doug Sioup, and through a misture of charm and luck raised the roughly 15150 000 cost of the record attempt. Then disaster struck. 6 The early months of 2010, when the duo set out were among the warmest on record. The Pole, which is essentially aGPS location on a 10 constantly-driting collection of ice sheets, became virally inaccessible, surrounded by patches of uncovered ocean trip which had intended to 15 raise awareness of melting ice caps had been obstructed. By melting ice caps. ‘We would get up, battle through these difficult conditions for 15, ‘hours, then wake up the next ‘morning and find that we were Further away from the Pole than we'd started the previous morning,’ he says. 65 After 14 days’ trying, end with rations running tow, they admitted defeat. Lautaud came home and decided to ty again. He £9 raised another sbefigure sum and set off in spring 201 | Conditions were cold but perfect, and he and Stoup reached the Pole in no time, 5 'By complete coincidence, we arrived at the moment when a helicopter landed to drop off a group of tourists who'd paid to spend ten minutes 100 there,‘ he recall. “Explorers call them “champagnes” Anyway, itwas alla fitle ‘weird IC fel like ad just finished a cross-country ski 105 race, or something.’ Ignoring the onlookers, he promptly ‘checked i’ to the North Pole on the social media site, Foursquare. At the time, that 110 was also a tis While it might not have made the youngest North-Poler, the success did give Liautaud a platform to continue advacacy 118 against climate change, ‘through beth his campaigning website, The Last Degree, and work with pressure Groups. His view is that its his generation, ‘260 rather than the one that today’s world leaders belong to, that must push hardest for cuts in carbon emissions. They are the ones with the most 125 at stake. Scientific opinion regarding the existence and scale of the problem is pretty much settled, he argues, adding that the portion of the 150 public which stil doubts the reality of man-made climate change ~ and remains hostile tolegislation that might solve largely il-informed, 185 although ‘that isn’t necessarily their fault. tiautaud’s advocacy work has made him enemies. When Anthony Watts, a prominent 140 climate change sceptic, wrote a scathing blog entry attacking one of his polar expeditions, Lautaud was referred to as a ‘joke’ by 14s media figures. But Liautaud’s high-profile polar trips are certainly shaping the climate- cchange debate. He has already contributed to research 180 projects carried aut by the International Atomic Energy Agency and will soon set up ‘wo stations to record weather data, It must be an exhausting life, fraught with hostility. But Liautaud seems to relish the fight. When you've hauled a sled across hundreds of miles of frozen tundra, lived off 160 freeze-dried food for weeks, and leamt how to ward off hostile polar bear, attempting to save Planet Earth is all in a day's work. 15Aiming high 1 When the writer met Parker Liautaud at Venice Beach, he was ‘A impressed by hi lovel of maturity. amused by his youthful appearance. ‘concemed about his uninformed beliefs, Prepared to find reasons to dislike him. von 2 When Parker agreed to go to the Antarctic with Robert Swan, other people attempted to talk him out of it. advised him on aspects of preparation. ‘were puzzied about his decision. ‘were supportive of his plans. somP> 3 Parker and Doug Stoup were pravented from reaching the North Pole by ‘A the movement of the ice. B the failure of equipment. © the severity of the weather, © _theirown physical limits, 4 What is Parker emphasizing in the sentence ‘It felt ike | had just finished a cross-country ski race."? ‘A his sense of relief on completing B the desire to celebrate ahard-won victory © the fact that a crowd had witnessed his achievement D the contrast between his previous attempt and this one is trek 5 What does the writer suggest about Parker and his fight against climate change in the fifth paragraph? ‘A His arguments must be based on proven fact. B —_Heneeds to adjust his approach if he wants a wider audience G _ Heis yetto understand the complexity of politics. D tis younger people that he wants to target. 6 What point does the writer make about the criticism directed at Parker? A__Itis the reaction of a minority of people. B Parker is quite capable of dealing wit it, thas become increasingly unfair, D__Itig not something that Parker pays attention to, SD Reacting to the text Is Parker Liautaud the sort of person you might admire? Why/Why not? Parker has been able to fund his trips by getting large corporations and charities to sponsor him: why do you think these organizations were willing to help? Talk about one of your own personal achievements, Ifpossible, comment on what motivated you. your preparations and the feelings yau experieaed.BEB aiming high g hig Language focus 1: Modal verbs 1: Might, could, may and can 1 Sentences 1~7 all contain the modal vesb might. Match each ofthe sentences tothe idea they express, 3 The following sentences 1- all contain the modal verb can/ cant Match each of the sentences to the idea they express, present possiblity futureposcbility past poss past possiblity which didnot happen annoyence concession lack of enthusiasm 1 Youmight at least help me? 2. wish you'd drive more carefully. You might have had an decide back there, 3 Ido hope they're OX. They might have had an accident or something 4 Imightbe home abit later tonight. Ive gota meeting atfive. 5 Putthe telly on~there might be something good on, There's nthing on telly, so we might ac well oto bed. 7. He mightbe good-looking, buthe can't sing very wel, ‘With no change in meaning, might canbe substituted by «couldn sentences 1-5 and mayin sentences 3-7. 2 > Complete each ofthese sentences in an appropriate way Compare your ideas with those ofa pares ‘'m so angry with him, Ido think he might have... ‘We've missed the beginning, so we may as well twas rather dangerous. Someone cauld have... {can't find it anyorhere |shink I may have ». She might have a university degree, but (Cheer up! Ie might. 10 citcsm ine prohibition itean store upto 30 000 separate images, You can be really itritating sometimes, you know. Con you hold this fora second? Ican'tdo itt" not tall enough. Itean’t be vary healthy ifs got all hatin it No, you can't!’ fartoo late. 4 CD) With your partner think ofa content foreach of thesentencesin exercise 3. Use modal verbs to exarass youridees Erample: 1 Thiscould be somebody taking about piece of software- a compact dsc for example. It might be shop assistant trying to seit. ©® Read more about might could, may and can inthe Grammar reference on page Z15. Extension 1 Inaditon to using modal ves there ae several altrative ways of expressing future possiblity, sentences and b one af the four posites has 2 different meaning tothe other ‘tree, Undertne the oddone out 2 There's astrongllstinctifintrea! possibility tat ould lose my job. bb Theres an cutsidela stigtia fila remote chence that Lare might beat the party tonight. In sentences cand d underine the incorrect alternative & They have everylgoedtitlino chance of winning. 4d You could easivineliconceivablyipredictably get there inunder two hours, (What i the difference in meaning between sentences eandf? © She's highly ltely 0 pass the exam. She's hardly likely to pass the exam, 2 Complete the following sentences so that they exoress your true feelings about the future. 4 think stand a good chance af... (+ gerd). 2. Toimprove my chances of. (+ gerund), Ineed 0... 3. Inthe wert teday we face the very real possibility that. wil. 4 There's an outside chance thot. willmightcould 5 Ieseems highly unticey that... wil. > Comment on and discuss each other's views,Aiming high EES Vocabulary: Collocations Complete each of the gaps with one of the: nouns from the box. \ccess motivation failure a The film Star Wars was an overnight b Thaveaburning_____ta travel to Australia. © When pupils tire of studying, a system of rewards can help increase student Sadly, my attempts to learn Japanese met with complete © The government faces the formidable of reducing unemployment. Inexercise 1, the words in bold are ‘collocates’ ol the nouns you wrote. This means that they are often used together with those nouns. Write a new sentence for each noun, using the collocates in bold. ‘The sentences must be true. ‘©> Compare and discuss your sentences with another student, In sentence ¢ in exercise 1, the verb face collocates with challenge, Which of the five 7 -- ° nouns do each of the following pairs of verbs collocate with? fulfil a/an endin realize result in achieve improve enjoy lack takeup —a/an isc to ‘The adjective formidable also collocates with challenge. AN three words in each of the groups below can be used in combination with one of the nouns from ex ‘Write an appropriate noun in each of the spaces. major/newidaunting secretlitelong/main totalicontinuedidismal huge/greatiresounding highistrong/poor ean Study the collocations in this section for two minutes, then close vour book and. ‘write down as many as you can remember. Compare your results with your partners. "1EE aiming high Multiple choice > 1.1-13 ©* what awards, international and national, are well known in your country? Have you ever won an award, prize or rophy for anything? Ifo, how did you feel about recewing it? 2 You will hear three different extracts. For questions 1-6, choose the answer (A, Bor ©) which fits best according to what you hear, There are two questions for each extract. Dee re tele ppnatyylleoharesht onc fo feat conversations There ae two multiple-choice questions foreach exact Inthe exam, you wll eer each exact wice before the next ones payed, eat Extract One You hear two musicians from the same group talking about an awards ceremony, 1 According to the man, why did the group not zttend the ceremony? A They believed it would he morally wrong B They were busy doing concerts © They did not expect to win, 2 According to the woman, the people who voted for the group A. have heen Joyal fans fora long timne. B will soon lose interest in their music. C agree with their ideals und beliefs. Extract Two You hear part of a radia discussion in whieh two people are talking about sport, 3. The first man says that che home team lost because A. some team members were inexperienced. B their training has not been cilective. they were two confident of a win, 4 Both speakers dislike the way that two players A react to media attention, B are behaving in a disloyal way. © have litt to offer as role models, Extract Three You hear two university students talking about # fund-raising event called 40-hour Famine. 5 According co the woman, the purpose of 40-hour Farting is to A. encourage students to do some charity work abroad, B persuade people to give money to charity regularly, © help people understand the effects of famine on. people’ lives, 6 After taking part jn lasl year's 40-hour Famine event, the man says he was A. proud of what he had achieved, B determined to do better in the future. disappointed he had not fulfilled his air, 2 > do you know of any cases where sorneone his turned down an award? Why did they reject ie? Talk about something you failed w achieve, How diseppointed were you? 12wee Bosense wero eane 10 12 Aiming high Gee Word formation: Nouns Which suffixes are added to the following verbs to create nouns? achieve motivate fail 2 Complete cach gap with an appropriate aoun form of the word in capitals at che cad of the fine. Use each suffix in the box once only and make any further spelling changes necessary. The noun you require may also need a plural ending or a negative prefix (un., fn, inte, dis.ctc) There is an example at zhe beginning (0) chood ship -ure -al-ness ation cance -ence —-ivly ity -ment -age cy His Tatest _publization Is a book of verse on the theme of relationships. PUBLISH Light will be served from 3.30pm in the main hall. REFRESH Union members expressed their of the managements offer by APPROVE, walking out of the meeting, Inher to answer the phone, she almost fell down the stairs EAGER In the interests of safety, a number of standard_nced to be followed. PROCEED Her $000-metre run paled into when compared with the marathon SIGNIFY hergrandlather completed the following week. The of the device is what has made it so popular ‘SIMPLE I cannot comment; Ihave been sworn to_on the matter. SECRET The cast of .__has increased by 10% this year. MEMBER Customers will be required to pay for any BREAK ‘There is every that prices will continue lo rise next year. LIKELY He valued his too much to ever want to get married, DEPEND Its quite natural to experience a certain amount of on yourfirst. ANXIOUS day at work. 3 Using the same suffixes as in exercise 2, write noun forms for the following words. The same suffix is needed forall thres words. Some words require further spelling changes. The exercise begins with an example (0), notorious _novoriety various variety sober sobriety. please expose lowe appear annoy HHT |) ty store short CT) ee rehearse renew propose efficient intimate vacant enjoy require = commit prosperous original = familiar leader companion partner neighbour father ——— adult absent persistent evident selfish tired careless explain ne interpret, = aly 4 Look back at the reading lext on page 8 and underline those nouns which have been formed by the addition of a sulfix to a verb, adjective or another noun. Add them to the list in exercise 3.B® aiming high Language focus 2: Spelling 1 Look st these two eta from the reading” 3. For each ofthe following group of four words find the incorrectly spelt text on page, ‘word and correct it.The exercise begins with an example (0). : : instevence After 14 days trying. they admitted: 0 importance insistence appearance tolerance bs aAMUELOROS 1 apparent pleasent different independent Gautoud was referred wo 2 occasion acountant neccessary accident lapmeea ene INIT 3 publically optimistically scientifically dramatically Acre nan ttn 4 separate desperete immediate definate 5 unreasonable responsable initable indispensable The final consonant ofthe ves admit and 6 chefs roofs sales teafs refers doubled to form the past terse 7 exceeding succeeding —peoceeding’ —preceecing Similarly the consonantis doubled 8 embarrassment accommodation bussiness committee drumming and beginning, but not in claiming < @ unnatural unknown dissappointed dissatisfied ‘ropening. Why is this? 10 believe redeve seize weird : 11 financial intuencil commercial beneficial 2 Whatisthe ing orm of the folowing vets? 42. cemetery factery talery a fulfil limit set upset target 4 > Work witna parines You are going to dictate ten two-word tems forbid write wait wevel panic af vocabulary to each other, tude should tum to page 204 and Student Btopage 207 Format letter 'nPart2 ofthe Writing panes you might have the opseturityovritea eter or an email You maybe aquired ‘tose a forma ores forma style, depending on your esto for writing, nd onthe target reader You al not need toindude addresses but you should krowhow to begin you ltteremal appropriately (eT the Editor, Dear SrfMadam, Dear Simon Sith, Te whort may concern, To a sal members Hi Rese) and nish (@. ‘Yours scerely, Regards, Thankyou fr your attention, See you son}. Read the following Part 2 task and the model answer. ‘Does the answer address all aspects of the task? ‘Would it have a positive effect on the manager reading it? You are planning an event to raise public awareness about project that is important to you. You decide to write letter to (he manager of « large organization to ask for moncy to help finance the event. Your letter should explain + what the project is + what the eveat will involve. be used. * how the money: Write your letter in 220-260 words. 14Aiming high Se Dear Ann Robertson Lorn writing on behalf of Devonport Community Centre, where Iam Social Secretary, As you may know, the community centre runs many evening classes for adults and provides a variety of sports programmes for teenagers. We also offer after-school care and activities for many local children whose parents are at work. Unfortunately, our kitchen facilities are in urgent need of an upgrade, and as a non profit organization, we need assistance to raise the necessary funds. ‘We are planning to hold a fair in March to help finanes our project. There will be demonstrations by our tae kwon do group, entertainment from our musicians, food stalls set up by parents and many activities for young children to enjoy. We ‘hope that the event will not only help us to buy new equipment forthe kitchen, + ‘but will also encourage local builders, plumbers and other craftsmen to volunteer some of their time. Inorder to attract people to our fair, we would also like to set up a rock climbing ‘wall and inflatable castle. We are therefore hoping that you might be able to help ‘us by paying for the hire of this equipment. Naturally, we would be very happy to promote you as our key sponsor. ‘sponsorship from Fresh World were possible, I would be happy to arrange a, meeting at any time that was convenient to you. ‘Thank you for your attention, ‘Yours sincerely dason Norwood 2 Appropriate paragraphing and good use of a range of linking devices are essential features of all writing tasks in the Cambridge English Advanced exarn * What information is contained in each paragraph of the model answer above? * Underline examples of words or phrases that link ideas or sentences. For most Advanced writing tasks, you will need to persuade the Larget reader that something is # good idea or the right course of action to take. Fan carey wat you wily for ' va tl exch part ofthe question. Organize HENRPED ES Ee eee a Pal iu ten slogans answer have a positive effect on the manager? | Forthisquestion you could + the way the writer describes the community devote one paragranh to cach of centreand the event the tree bullet pont os in the modetarsner 4 the point at which the writer asks for money ease bea + the verhs and tenses used by the writer in the ‘te your answerinanapproprte third and fourth paragraphs register A formal reser would helo 4 Toobtain a high mark in the Advanced examination ensure thatyour request for you need to use a wide range ofrelevant vocabulary money xtaken seriously by and structures the manager Usea ange orelevent vocabulary, Circle language the writer uses to refer to the issue grammatical eter ad lining of money’ without using the word, eg. non-profit overs organization, Begin andendyoureterina suitable way. 5. Write your own letter for the question in exercise 1 in 220-260 words. 1516 Modal verbs ‘Complete each gap with one word, 1 Sometimes you be so uncaring - do think you might come to see te in hospital afteri’d had my operation! 2 She be just a six- month-old baby, but she's already showing signs of being intelligent, 3. The next bus isn‘ likely ‘come for an hour er s0, so we may 8s. walk, 4 Iscems highly. that it will rain todey, but we, well have a few showers tomorrow. 5 Youcould least have made the effort to do some revision. Now you have absolutely ance of passing the exam, 6 Theruling porty succeeded being reelected, but didn't manage retain their overall majority in pailiament, Spelling Each numbered line in the following text contains a spelling mistake. Find the mistakes and correct them, 1 Clearly, student motivation is an importent influence on learning. Itis also believed. ‘though, that students’ perceptions of their learning experiences generaly influence their motivation more than dhe actual, objetive reality of those experiences. The Atsribution Theory of Motivation identifys evo types of student, The fist ype credit their success to their own ability and effort. Ifthey arc successfull in an exam, they attribute their achievement to themselfs, feel proud and are keen to take on further tasks off this nature, They work hard because they see a clear relationship hetween the effort made and the results obtained. If they fail, they put this failure down too their own lack of effort and are confidant that if they try harder in the future, they 10 will have more success, The second type attribute success to external facters. Lf they 11 perform well inan exam, they consider that it was easy and they where lucky. They Cowan an 12 feel litde pride in their achievements and show little intrest in taking on further 13 tasks, Tf they fail, they attribute there poor performance to thelr own lack oF ability 14 and are unlikely to see any reason to hope for an improvinent in the future. They 13. donot percieve the link between effort and results, ond lack the motivation to keep uying,(Reading and Use at English Cash rewards are a commen form of (0) ‘with high (1) time. Some youngsters receive (2) Aiming high QS ‘Word formation For questions 1-8, read the text below Use the word given in capitals at ihe end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is ‘an example at the beginning (0). Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS. ‘You may need write the negative plural frm of word REWARDING CHILDREN IN. used by parents MOTIVATE, .. fo encourage their children to work hard atexam — EXPECT. oftas nmuch as £100 for PAY each A grade they obtain. But should such ‘bribes’ he based on exam @ offered in (4) . orshould they, as many parents and teachers feel, be PERFORM ofa childs effort, regardless of results? The RECOGNIZE latter approach would solve the problem of how parents reward children ‘with different levels of (5) . i imagine, for example, a family ABLE with one child who is academically gifted and another who has learning ©) are clear; with « The dangers of result-related incentives for the second child DIFFICULT le hope of obtaining the higher grades, the withholding, ‘of promised financial rewards would only compound the child's feeling oF). that parents should rely on their own (8), maintain that if parents know that money will motivate their child, then they should not be condemned for operating a system of cash payouts, However, some leading educational psychologists believe PAIL insuch matters. They JUDGE Word combinations For sentences 1-10 underline the correct alternative. 1 Theres 2 heavy/hand/strongiough possibility Ill got a pay tise in January. 2 He hasn't got the faurest/slightestlongestthinnest chance of winning the election. He’ far too unpopular. 3. There is every/each/allivery likelihood that the government will introduce the measures this year: 4 There were far more of them than us. We didn't standiface/hold/Reep a chance against them. 3 She was clearly rather worvied and seemed close to edge/nerves/tension/tears. 6 Tmelatedidetighted/pleasant/ancious to meet you at last, Me Wood, Let me take your bag. 7 The young singer fiufilledenjoyedAvasrbecame overnight success last year when her debut single Burning Ambition reached number 1 8 He had never acted before, but he rose/aroselaroused/raised to the challenge and gave a very convincing performance. 9 AL8S she says she's unlikely to realize her resounding/longing/lifelong/overall umbition of learning to fy, 10 Snacks and easy/loosellightfiull refreshments are available in the lounge area. W7Sentence completion 1.4 a >} These photographs were all taken over $0 years ago. How hus life changed since then? If the same photographs were taken now, which, Features would be the same and which would be different? ‘> ‘You will hear a student called Simon Todd. giving « presentation about a visit he ‘made to a nationsl museum, What different aspects of history and human developmicnt do museums show? BERS Ths paseo yer ss rea Oughta spesteune guetta Clos paren asaauhcopestio naesopoee ~ Vesti escalator een. «one age rts tan psn RE 9s wn faa ersten rcs wns hh item rr Be tcc besos ye foc ys Soren tse eho barorsobeowscrnesea Ceres egos mye Peta haan oth acne eign ee ie aucune Before you do the tash, read all the questions and try to predict the type of information ‘you might hear for each one. For questions 1-8, complete the sentences with a word or short phrase. ‘The curator had chosen (1). The curator said that goOd (2) neuen The curator explained that the (3)... Simon says that keeping (4) ization in the museum, were vital for anyone working at the museum. of an item often requires collaboration. 7 ~- would be his weak point if he were a curator, As well as working with other professionals, the curator deals with questions from the Simon recommends looking at the old (6) von. On the wall, Simon says that the museum often has to turn down (7) todonate, The curator told Simon that finding ways to save (8). greatest challenge. en 7Times change Collaborative task <> Read tasks 1 and 2 below. Then, betore you do the tasks, read the information in the boxes at the bottom of the page. Here are some items which might represent our lives today in a new museum exhibition, ‘Talk with your partner about how well these items represent our lives today. clothes by a popular fashion brand hN N\ How representative might these items be of our lives today? a fast food menu examples of currency a newspaper Now decide which item would be of most interest to future generations visiting, the museum, artisan interactive task. As wel as giving your ov opinions, ask Your partner what thay thin and respond to their comments Always giv essons for your opinions, In task 8, you can tak about the areas in any order you choose. ay as much a You can about each ane. Donat start to make your decisions for task while you ae ding task 1. They ra two saparat asks. Intesk2, you do eothave to agiee with your partner wen making your final decision, In both tasks aim to demonstrate your linguistic ability by using a wide range of vocabulary and sutures. eM ‘Compete each of the gaps wth ane ofthe phases inthe box. Theres an example a the begining (0). sre unly tobe using be ntigued to see ‘would not be complete without ‘cratnetpoasity that might conceivably be obsclete ‘would demensirate very larly part of everday fe © There a distinct possibilty that people in the future won't ever have seen cons o° cash 4 Teextiiton one orto tems of fashion doting 2 Fastfood, 50 something representing that would of merest. 3 Future generations would ‘the various means of poyment we ut today. 4 Thiskindof video ___what many people today enjoy watching an the intr. 5 Newspapers within the ner te years, 6 People pewspapersas 2 Source of nfemationin 100 yeas me 19Times change ed with ene word ‘ha main focus on grarmmatical words, 9, prepostions, euxiay verbs ates relative pronouns and conjunctions, Read the following text, ignoring the gaps for the moment. Which famous toy is being described? THE IMPOSSIBLY CURVY DOLL ‘More han one blion have been sold (0) SINCE, her first appearance atthe New York Toy Fain 1959. Origiaily known (1)... the Teenage Feshion Medel, she was o perky blue-eyed blonde with « ponyilina swimsuit 11s while she wa watching her daughter Barbora playing with aatours of dul ween (2) nun FOO” Ruth Handler First came up (3)... the ides. Atthe ‘ime, dlls in Areca ohways tock the form of babies so shen she ist araposed a prottype vo execuves othe Joy company, Mati she (4)... toned down, But eventvlly Handler wos over the allele i ‘management, and the firs toy dll the USA wi ews won (5) na Produein, Fema was not ong in coming, ond as har word expended, 50190 6) the profits for Motil, Sho took on numerous cdlferent denies, (7) ....n. 98 ONO, vet oF surgeon ond she cequired vany ands, cctably Ken, (8)... nome came from Handles son. Read the text again and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS. Make sure you read the example. ‘When you have finished, justify your answers to your partner, with particular reference to words and sentences before and after the gaps. > Here is the final paragraph of the text above, Read it and discuss the following question: Do you agree more with Handler or the feminists? She was not without her erties. Her shapely figure was essentially unattainable and feminists attacked Flandler jor presenting young girls with an image of adult beauty they coulid never achieve, Handler was not bothered by this, ‘My whole philosopity ‘was that through the dol, the litle gil could be anvthing she wanted to become,’ she {ater wrote. 20 Language focus 1: Talking about the past A Review 4 | used to get so annoyed with him. He (alwayssose) things, TD Complete each of the spaces with an appropriate form ofthe ver in brackets. Choose from the past, past perfect or present perfect n ether te sinple or comtinuous form, There may be more than one possible answer. so, explain any diferences in meaning 11 (Pevertkiss) anyone until {ime you 2 Thot's the third ime {have) 10 tl you to stop shouting! 3 Itlooks asthe (ery) agai. His eyes areal red and pty 5 She (eat) a particulary large meal and she suddenly started to fel sick 6 Marjorie leave) when Poul (enive). 7 You know that bookyou_{tll meabout Iastweel? Wel, ‘buy Look. 8 {hated that schol fT {vot do} my homework, they sed to punish me. If] (ot they tell mete do it again.B Further ways of talking about the past 1 Underine the correct alternatives inthe following sentences. Either one, two orall three alternatives may be possible 1. When was a teenager | used to knowiwould know! knew the words to all The Beatles songs, 2. It’s years since I've ridden haven't riddenitrode a bike, ''m not sure ft could doit now. 3. Vike o have travelledihave liked to travelihave liked to have travelled more when l was younger. 4 Lremember that concert. It was the fist time I've seen! 7d seen was seeing the band play ive, 5. Idrather my parents diah’t makemwouldn’t have imadelhadn’t made me got iano lessons when | was litle (Reading ard ‘Use of English 2] a ‘What period of time do you think e: Times change She vias going to workithinking to workito have ‘worked in her mother's business, but decided instead to ‘continue her studies, 7 After he'd donelHaving donelBeing done it once, he was happy to give another presentation. 8 ithas not rained since he's been here/he got herel isarival €D checcyour answers by reading the Grammar reference on pages 215 and 216. 2 > Reewsite sertences 1-5 s0 that they are tue fr you. ‘Use the words in bold together with an anpropriate verb inthe correct form. Compare your sentences with those of your partner. of these images is from? ‘These images appear in four different books dealing with a particular historical subject. What do you think the subjects might be? ‘You are going to tead a review of history books. For questions 1-10, choose from the sections (A-D). The sections may be chosen more than ence. 21SS times change ‘skim vrough all four sections quickly o get an eo ofthe content Read ll the questions to see the kind ef information you are looking fot Read section Athen look again atthe questions answering ary that you can othe same forthe other three sections, {there are any questions you have nt answered, scan the secdons again ooking fr the specific information youneed. ‘ohelp you, parts af section & have been undetined. Match these pars tothe appropriate questions As you answer the other questions undeine the eleva parts of sections B-D in the same way, In which section are the following mentioned? personal stories being expressed in an amusing way the idea of enjoyment coming from a sense of nostalgia the possibility that people will not be reading page by page ‘he fact that certain people have been looking forward to a book's publication san clement that makes the book superior to others on the same topic the effective way the book has been compiled from different kinds of text the reviewer's disapproval of the insufficient depth of investigation the view that this book will alter the way you feel about the subject matter cod eld ar Gi a a4 cl a4 ar an autobiographical element explaining the author's motivation the possibility of disapproval of the author's handling of a particular issue This month’s history books Eric Moore reviews a selection of history publicutions ® Britain under the reign of Queen Victoria (1837-1901) witmessed a great leap forward in. technological terms, propelled by the Industrial Revolution. Social reform, however, took longer 5 to.gain momentum. In The Unseen, Amelio Drew i Victorian ‘household management manuals describing, ‘the duties of voung servants with contemporary. pamphlets calling for improvements in working to. conditions. The diary entries of Drew's great- grandmother also appear, allowing us a glimpse into the gruelling and monotonous life of a housemaid, Drew does not shy away from providing meticulous descriptions of the foul tasks 1. that servants were charged with and the kind of horrific injury that befell very young factory workers, and in doing so, dispels any lingering romantic nations ofthis era. This is q compelling book, but | suspect one.that will be dipped into. 20 rather than its entirety. 22 In January 1918, the frst cases of a new strain of influenza were observed in Kansas, USA, The ensuing pandemic lasted to December 1920, spreading across Europe, and even to the Arctic, 2 dloiming an estimated 20-50 million lives. With ttle understanding af how the ‘Spanish flu’ virus spread, many people were forced 10 rely on folk remedies such as eating onions ot wearing goose fat poultices. in Contagion, 30. Ditk Smithey takes a comprehensive lock at over 2000 years of disease and treatment, He is not the firs to attempt this, but he writes with unusual compassion, and in doing so, ag evotes his work above the rest Interestingly, ‘once we arsive in the 21st century, Smith makes reference tothe antiammenioores trend, but does not enter the debate, a decision | suspect may irritate those working towards the climination of needless childhood disease. All “© In all, an alarming yer fascinating read,© Times change \ ‘ince walking out of the continent now known, ® ‘as Africa, modern man hi tas regularly packed ‘nls bags and moved on. Such journeys into the Fans of Nell Gough's The Right Man, a 100k at i gin the 21st century, hove unknown often require a leap of faith, This is ‘© fastuse for many ofthe subjects intervicwed in agen ntl pated a follow-up, but whether hi hounds Worlds Apart, a group of people | | atest volume n Rtraspect, ses to the challenge nt the immigrant experience in the ieguatle. This book poses the question ‘docs 1220s, As they recall the cltutol and language eS they once had to face, they all speak of ? i dgaeaspnannica ata 5 theneedtobulive thot ie wil gel bet ine tre ogane fom te 1990s onwar, an some rst chapter, Dunbar herself provides a first-hand ‘may appreciate the trip down memory lane to | scount of Belng on the receiving end of racism ae nethien ‘real men’ smoked pipes ond wore he Mesrategies she employed to deal with those | |» fedora hats and when slogans such as ‘Christmas gq, Nhe abused her, and cts this as her incentive for moming she'l be hopper with a Hooye ond er assembling this collection of other voices World. | womy darting, you adn’ bun the ber’ were perfectly | Apartis, admittedly «slightly sontimental beok, | Gcceptable: Where In Retrospect flls down sits | Particularly in the narrative thread that connects lighter emphasis on the analysis side of things, ach persons story, but the anecdotes they tll are nd thus it feels ¢ superficiol read at times. often genuinely humorous and uplifting, Nevertheless, a treasure worth buying or giving 45. advertising merely reinforce stereotypes oF create ©) Reacting to the text Which of these books sould you be interested to read? Why? Describe a book, film or TV programme that provides an insight into the way people once lived. Which period of rime does it desl with? Is it historically accurate? Language focus 2: Nouns in formal English 1 > Look at the following pairs of sentences, In each case 2 a Theemployees said they thought it would be a good the Second sentence isan altemative way of expressing the idea if the company reduced the working day by jst a fist sentence. which appeared in the reading text above. What litle but management sad they didn't approve ofthe diferences do you notice between each pair of sentences? idea atal. ‘Comment am the use ofnouns adverbs. bb Management voiced ther sirong ofthe 1 nite tt oinrnatin aeolres rast ____in bb Smithey mentions indirectly the fac that they were -3_a_| have otall ou that mot satisfied with the service ‘generally against immunizing people. youfies often have to wait longtime fr things 2 a. Such journeys into the unknown often require a leap of < ‘Together eventhough you say that you sen them ‘ith sooner than 24 hours after you receive an order. b When youset of lite this and put yourento new bb I must xpress my, withthe standard situations, you often have to believe that things will cof your service Delivery of goodsis often subject get better, even though you centbe sure of this. espte your that orders 2 Nouns help to convey information clearly and concisely, Panera il and ae fer more fequentin formal watten English than in 4 a People fell 0 understand how important itis toreqide conversation. For questions 14, use the information in 2, ‘waste, and think’ because they don't know anything ‘which ismore conversational. to complete the gaps nb, < about the environment and they don't get taught ‘which is more formal. : enough about at schoo fb People's toundertand the ‘example: 2 [thought the painting was very simple and different to Sessa est tame | erwironmental ‘andinsufficent ing else Fd seen before. was very impressed. ay 1b Iwas most impressed by the simplicity and geiginality of athe subj the painting. 3 In 1-4 in exercise 2, there are more vesbs ina than in b, and 1 Heappled forthe jot and he was clearly abit disappointed : more nouns nb than na. What other diferences do you notice when he heard theyd tured him down, between the anguage wed in informal al formal registers? b Hevac unable ohide hit attheir rejection ofhisSEES Times change : ©) whien of these films (1-5) would you be most likely to watch? Why? 2 3 24 Read the following Part 2 task and the model answer, ‘Which film shown in the tive posters do you think the review is describing? ‘You see the announcement below on a film review website called FilnScape, The Past is Back The ilm industry has often turned (o history as a souree of inspiration, bul some of its ‘allempts to bring the past to life have been better than others. Next month we'll be bringing _yow our top ten recommendations for historical films, and we weleome your suggestions, So, send in a review which describes a historical film, explaining why itis worth watching, and in what ways it could have been better ‘Write your review in 220-260 words. : uy is @ Spectocatar dramatization of the evente ‘that took. place: in the: early 17th century when sh sober fet Me oas: with Native Anerican The legendary story of 2 poe hie daughter, ard how Sho saved the, life of John Smith, 16 been toll any Hace in itevabre, song. and film, bet in this pored pece, divector Terrence Malick takes a more honest apprbach, Garth, ployed by Calin Farrell, portvagedl % a fantacicts 2 wan whe ignores the: bnvliy of the ‘noble. cavages! me ee eae bis fellow Britons who are ORG, © furl te Barsh winter. fr Pian (actress (9'Ovianes Kleber) the“thoke wite hpi tat i i nt nett makes hor Save Sah bo cares ie apt for the horitip this strange on Faces deed, the ekmont of a Fe echal reall makes the fl stad out The Algorgin pple: atl the Fritans ave doom ming cach other pte wander. That 'f » mov. stein which Sain ond 2 sinple words; this cart of Scenario wether contrived, but here there 3 gene Feeling of Scorer, ai Te 6 2 ally shoving, pic, anal Sify ads the wal stereotyping of Naive Americans ‘Tavtoren Prison pi ic what yeu ave after, sou ash let down ecahon’ac i chown 3¢ 2 vows. wonsan, ndrorcas in realty, she ig sae to Fave, been sem {16075 oll chem she First met Smith, Her later life in London ake eens lightly idesliced, Adin all 2 wackerfl Fil‘What isthe purpose of each paragraph? In your own words, say why the writer thinks the film is ‘worth watching’ and how it ‘could have been better’. ‘Some sentences in the review usc past forms of a verb and others use present forms. ‘Underline four examples of each. Then decide why a present or past form is used. ‘Make a note of those adjectives used by the writer to express an opinion. Include any accompanying adverbs or nouns, Example: spectacular dramatization Divide the adjectives in section B on page 211 into two groups. positive and negative. Complete each of the spaces with one of the nouns from the box. objection development fact adaptation performances clichés 1. Both lead actors give remarkable. which won them each an Oscar®. 2 Told through the. of a young soldier named Jamie, note and quickly tamns wagic 3 This isaclever__of the original story, and goes on to explore the motives of the hero, 4 Unfortunately, the film relies tov heavily on special effects rather than character opens on a sweet 5 Hwaslet down by the usual of most action movies; the big specch just before the battle, for example. 6 Myone. {to the movie is that the accents of the supporting cast are often unconvincing. 7. Theend of the Blm is hardly based on Indeed, no survivors were ever found. Now write your own answer to the task in 220-260 words, ‘im to grab the reade’s interest fom the begining, ‘Express your opinions throughout your arsine 25ae Times change tistening 2 poets Multiple matching (Dp 15-19 | SSHPEROWR zea /<° al idle dadicco ‘You will hear five short extracts fart consists cfamukipesatcingfomatia which thee ‘in which people are talking about arefve short monologues onthe sane theme changes in their lives ‘Thereare two connected tasks Fore ask, you must Choose ve coectanses tom ais of ght options ‘To make your frst Part 4 Listening Inthe exam, youwihav 5 seconds tora though easier there areonly six options, not theta ight, to choose from in each task. You ear al he extracts onc, then the wale sequences dyed gain ‘TASK ONE TASKTWO For questions 1-8, choose from the list (A-F) what led tothe For questione 6-10, choose from tho list (A-F) change in the life of the speaker, how the speaker feels about this change. While you listen you must complete both tasks, A the desire to avoid Speaker 1 1 A excited Speakert 6 unwanted attention B the desire to travel Speaker 2 2 B regretful ‘Speaker 2 7 € the desire to maintain a Clee z Positive relationship Speaker 3 Speakers 8 D the desire to be challenged D scared nt E thedetirotoshow other Speaker 4 4 Speaker4 9 people were wrong E grateful F tho desire to fulflan ambition Speakers 5 F proud Speakers {| 40 26 > Talk toyour partner about a time in your life when something changed. Mention the following in relation to the change: + the reasons forit how easy or difficult it was your feelings before and afterwards other people’ auitudes the consequences of the changeTimes change je) Vocabulary: Changes A Verb + noun collocations ©> When or why might you change each of the items in the box? Example: You might change your doctor if you moved house orf you werent happy with the sreatinent you were receiving. PCIE ESSEC TOLLED EE yourdector yourname —yourmind your tane gear _thesubject sides places atyre your ways B Adjective + noun collocations The following adjectives can all be used with the noun change. Complete each of the sentences 1-4 with a suitable group of adjectives acd. All of the adjectives in each group must be appropriate for the sentence you choose. ‘economicipoliticalisocial dramatic/sudden/considerable pleasanUrefreshinghveleome farreaching/significan sweeping = aoe Ttmade afan___change to see Alex in a suit. He looked very smart for once. ‘The government has announced plans to make. lax system next year. 3. Thepace of, change has been rather slow i this country recenly, 4 The lottery win brought about a/an ‘change in her circumstances, which she is finding it dificult to cope with. s changes to the ©) Rewrite sentences 1-4 so that they are tue for you/vour counmryithe world in general. Use the words in bold, together with an appropriate adjective, Compare vour sentences with those of other students in your class, € Other verbs of change For questions 1-8 decide which word, A, 1B, C or D beat fits each space. The verb you choose must be appropriate for the gaps in both sentences, The words in bold are {ypical collocates of the verb. Ja tttook him awhile to to being a parent. b Youcan__ the height of the chair by pulling this lever heve. A switel B alter © vary D adjust The old windmill has been into a small yuest house. Graharn Greene to Catholicism at the age of 21 A transfered “B wanslormed C converted adapted Prices ____according to the time of year you decide to travel We were advised to___ the children’s diet ax much as possible, A adapt B shift © vary D modily 4 a Members of the rock group were asked to their behaviour or else Teave the hotel b Wehadio the design of the car to take account of the rough terrain, A modify __B amend € transfer D convert oe oe 5 a. Twelve European counties. over to the euro on | January 2002, shifts with Brian so I could go to my sister's wedding, B switched © transformed altered 27ay », Review Language focus: Tall In I, we one ofthe aula vers from he borin the fist pace and an appropriate verb nthe cmract frm inthe second space. Use each aviary verb ance ony Tete an ig about the past ——__. __ his ambition, he promised ‘ospend more time with his farily. Since I've known him he example atthe begining (0), that suit twice He waste, inthe final but have been having had would he wasinjurein a league match, was were has did 3 Wsyears since! outto diner by my partes. sno pons eh We 6 When we were litle, my ded often wgustaswe were __eaving usa story at bedtime fant 7 ighavetiedto have a 1 twas the sme second chance, butit wasn't pore. abroad. 8 Iwasntalloned tose the fm, butthey me ead the book. Vocabulary: Changes 28 © For 1-8, decide whether the meaning of the two items of vocabulary is more or less the same or different. Explain any differences in meaning, Example: © transfer money/convert money Different. When vou transfer money, you move itfrom one place to another, eg, from one account to another When you convert money, you change it from one currency to anther adjust to university lifeladapt to university lie adjust a piece of elothing/alter a piece of clothing convert a farm into a hoteltransform a farm into a hotel change your ways/modify your behaviour change your waysichange your tune vary the menu/adapt the ment change sides/switch sides switch to the euroteenvert into euros Match each ofthe verbs in the box with the group of words which collocate with it. The first one has been done for you, __vary__ the menu/your rontinefin size to Islam/dollars into euros/the lofl into a bedroom ‘Your belU/the straps on a bay/the brakes on a car TV channelsfuniversity coursesifrom dictatorship to democracy ‘your languageiyour views/a piece of equipment waeSpeal Long turn <)> peaking Look al these pictures. They show people who are trying to obtain information in different ways, Student A: Compare two of the pictures, and say what kind of information they might want to obtain, and why they might have chosen this way to obtain it. ‘Student B: ‘When your partner has finished talking, say which of those ways might provide the more reliable information. * What kind of information might these people want to obtain? *+ Why might they have chosen this way to obtain the information? ‘Now change rales. Follow the instructions ‘again using the remaining pictures. 30Gathering information @EN 112d 2 lo thas nd veri thebxes canal te usedin th coespontng serene. atk each ace or acorhing whether thas postive: eat mezing ‘isnt)avey ‘Aéjectve Ve efiirt etng ost, abraiing ‘convenient methodiway of | accessing | information. unreliable finding ‘restating gatharing castelaive ‘olecting handy fie saving inepesive ‘id Wei jective gathered Airelevant ‘amped | woudieoutimgiede | unvetatie tained fnjccute, accessed tun|cleae, calcd ‘onlankigueus. ——. seeldtsees, comprehensive, Init, eotodate siesing, basal 3Gathering information Multiple choice 2p 1.10-1.12 EI 32 1 You will hear threc different extracts, For questions 1-6, choose the answer (A; B or ©) which fits best according to what you hear. There are two questions for each extract. Extract One ‘You hear part ofa radio discussion in which two writers are talking about their books. 1. How does the man feel about the last book he wrote? A relieved that it has now been completed B sorry that its scope could not be wider uncertain that it will have wide appeal 2 The woman says that using the Internet for research purposes A has generally made things easier for writers, B is aratherunreliable way of obtaining information, © will not replace traditional methods of investigation. Extract Iwo ‘You overhear two university students talking about choices they have made. 3 The man has decided 0 go to Groece in orer to A. take some time to reflect on his career choices. B carry out some research for his university course. © take part ina project thar needs volunteers. 4. What does the woman regret doing? A. sturtinga job as soon as her studies were over B choosing a carcer that was not fulfilling © falling to take her stadies seriously enough Extract Three You hear two game designers talking about their work, 3. When beginning work ona new garme, the first designer A. confers with others in the field B focuses mainly on character development. © decides on an overall objective lest, 6 Both speakers say that the best game designers A havea wide range of interests beyond gaming. B work with their fan base constantly in mind, © experiment with myltiple genres within the industry. 2 CD isthere sill a need tor traditional libraries in the modem world? Is there an ideal time of life to attend university? What makes some video games better than others?Gathering information Language focus 1: Hypothetical past situations AWishilfonly and alternatives 4 > Look atthe following utterance from the first conversation in Listening 1. ‘only we'd had (the internet] when was ist starting out sfonly is used toad emphasis o hypothetical situations With past eventsit can alo be usd fo exaressreart andlor cit. Look atthe following atemative ways of saying the same thing 1 Font... 2 Iwish, 3 Varathersoones.. Ineach case: a Didshe we tim? 'b_ How does the speaker fel about tis? 2 > the subjects the samein both parts ofa sentence introduced by would rather, would sooner, would prefer to ‘or Would like to, a perfect infinitive is used when refering to ‘the past €9. (ratvesooner have seen it with subtle. Would’ you? She pee to have traveled one vn. Hel keto Baz come buts very bsy these days. How does the meaning change if the present infinitive, see, travel and come, is used in these sentences? she hadn't told hima, Practice For 1-6, complete the second sentnce so that thas a similar ‘meaning to the fist sentence 1 ony gone to France instead, Fasooner 2. | dothink you might have phoned erie: wish. 3 Wedon't think you should Rave done tat Wed rather 4 Don'tyou regret noe going to unversiy? Don'tyouwish ? 5 Henly you'd mentionedit btore! You shoul, 6 Doyouwish youhad stayed longer? Would you ke 2 B rast conditionals 1 Tid conttonal sentences can be we otk about imaginary stutonsin the past asin his oxample: information{eartier, they might have had more success in’selving the crimé. ‘Here is a more formal way of expressing the underlined part of the sentence: Had the police received this infarmatign earlier, they might have had... 2 Match each sentence beginning 1-6 with an appropriate anding 24. Example: ¢ 1 ttsheadh’t found his name onthe internet, 2. Had known t was gong ta rainso heavily, 3. Withadh'theen fer her quick thinking, 4 It idt have twee kids and 2 morgage, 5 Ifthey hadn't lst ther fast three matches, 6 If gotinto trouble at schoo, she could have had a serious accidnt. Db they be top of the league now. © they might never have seen each other agai, d_ mypatents used to stop my pocket money. @ dave given up ths job fong time ago. | wouta have taken my waterproof. 3 Look the sentences in exercise 2 and answer these questions. 11 Which sentences are third conditions? 2- Which sentences indudea combination of past and present time reference (mixed conditional)? 3 Which sentence uses the past simple to er to pastime? © iczimsesdournepeinsinsecons And oppasite in PartA ofthe Grammar reference on pages 216 and 217. Practice 1_Rewrite theieas exressed inthe following sentences using the structures studied in A and B opposite Write one sentence foreach situation, usinga diferent structure each time. Example: We cht get back in time to see him. twasa ree/shame, ‘tHonly we'd got back in time to see him. 41 He dint revise for his exams. He regrets this now 2 | did't take any boos with men hofday | got realy bored, 3 I'S good jo Steve was there. Thanks to him we were ableto get the car started 4 My parents bought me anid. An Ped woukdhave been beter, 5 I couldn't see te fn on tel last ight. That was agity — really wanted t, ‘6 My French st very good, That's probably why eid get the ob. 7 They showed vs al their holiday snaps. | was hoping to watch the football, 2 ©) With apartner write a sicline dialogue. The firstor Iastline ofthe dialogue must be oe of these sentences, | wish yout tld the rath "arotheryouhar'tlent tte him, only you'd been thre ~it was so funny. Tdloveto have seen is face when he found ot. Fithadh’tbeen or your sup we weuldn tbe in ths mess. 3 > Read your dialogue to ancther pat of students, but co notread outthe sentence from exercise 2. Canthe other students gues wich entence you hese? 33— sample answers on page'35 and decide which is beter Gathering information Word formation: Adjectives and adverbs In the firstand third conversations in Listening 1, which suffix was added to all of the following nouns to create adjectives? coun imi point Using the suffixes inthe box, write the corresponding adjective for each of the words belovs, The same sulfix is needed forall three words in each group, though spelling changes may be required in some of them, The exercise begins with an example (0) ory ess able ent ative lal cous © allergy —_allargie science —_sclenific_—drama_—_dramatic: 1. approach apply believe 2 argument administer provoke 3 introduce contradict. prepare 4 chat md UREA | cae Sluwy = mystery monster 6 end price a aecp 7 persist, = appear obey 8 manager secretary territory Complete each gap with the appropriate form of the word in capitals atthe end of the line, The word younced may be an adjective o an adverb. A negative affix may also be ceded, The exercise begins with an example (0). 0 Idon't understand how he got the job, Hes far too incompetent COMPETENCE to be put in charge ofa school. 1. Her work has been acclaimed for its sensitivity of style and use of imagery, IMAGINE 2. Her performance at work was considered. ‘SATISFY and her contract was not renewed. 3 Itis becoming dificult for artists woobtain INCREASE public funding for their work, 4 ‘Theassistants in Gamidges are unhelpfuland______— COURTESY Ishall shop elsewhere in future! 3) My grandfather was extremely astronomy; the planets were his great passion 6 We strayed from the path at some point and got ost. HOPE 7 Although several companiesmade ___losses, the SUBSTANCE market as a whole was buoyant, 8 The bookcase was placed ‘a huge crack in the wall. Report about KNOWLEDGE nearthe doortohide STRATEGY Read the following Part2 task, then look at the two ‘Youle been asked to Write a report for an international research company about the nature and quality of advertising in your country. ‘Yourreport should * describe some of the positive and negative aspects of NIE toro different forms of advertising in your country. aoe Sa ovo changes which coud be introd = ee rae ae zt a8ay how effective these advertising methods are, | aeofthe a Inpsaction ‘resimaf this report so autins the poste andnegstve osbone oti Aner forme oF det ny court, aly roadside hearings and banners traledby ight irra. iballaboconcicor the eRectvoness thace matnadc and make recommen For provera Aerssincheardnas ThaseadlatauchoFedlow and sarees himourtocar herve drab arbor latéecape, Mogae hens ofthe sand the pithinees of cho accompanying slogans ataract ie awenonot paosers lyri hips te ahervoenents ener Unfrtotatay however hoardings araso tobe oundinrrl areas wher they apps unsireyandare clearly a. 0 place inadsitin the avertaemnes canna vere te her concentration momentary anarearslatiel commoncause ofaceiders Acoplaneaderctisng Ezualy dstractingarebarnor attached tight aera, which Ayferestanded periadecuerourbult-up areae and popular coastal resorts. Furthermore, thenolge a considerable sourea ofiniationo local resliente arel te consumption flange qantites ofa fuel can oly be tart the arom. nthe other hand aeroplnebaners ae currently enoyingareat ‘sccesshers as an adverlsing medium Tisislargely dust the argiraity ofthe appmachandits difrercefremainstream stomathe. Rewommendaons Todcouragetie,airand visual polation wouldrecormend restricting telecationoF hearings to towns andclties and letting the amas offing tie for adverthlng aber Additonal emallerhoardrgs might reduce thetic of accldente ‘caused by dstrocted drivers Gathering information Init report going to deseribe some o he, ostie and negate aspects oft diferent ors fader, Say how effects nese advertang methods te and suggest one oro changes which ‘could be introduced fo couiter the negative aspects. Advertsing hoardings ae very colour ard sometimes very iy. and the ook od nour Sad, rey cities. And they're very bi, too, wth interesting Sogane and tat mcker peo oo at them and reevember teen. ‘But you get them inthe countryside, too. They look yan dont ink tey should be there. They abo ‘cause acclientebecaute people locks themutten | theyre dung, i ‘Banners pled by srl acroplanes also cause acodents The aeroplanes yf longtime over the. | cts nd beaches Theyre noky to andthatiritates. | people andthey useupalotef petal Thats badior | “he enarorment i ‘tamara arevery succes Because thee origl an dfret rom the yicl sdertangtechgien ‘Pky hoimete eats hve oar ‘he course and note aerones ih tarners ‘yor very long, t That wouldsop athena the pond the | agy ews And tosringc shold be cmalerbecauce | eniheymipinctdsescinersandcase | codes. | 2 ©) The content of the two answers is roughly the samg, but the type of language use is very different, Work with your partner Comment om the following features in cach answer: * linking devices © number of nouns + types of adjective What other differences do you notice? Find examples in A of how the writer makes reference to hishher country, 3. Now waite your pwn anéwer to the task on page 34 * Decide on the to forms of advertising Choose ror al, he terme, mashes lepine newspapers and 1 Magazines fers anspor, sports events or any eter medium used in your court, + Foreacr method te dom you desi or sept column: Posive aspects Negative asec, Effectiveness, Recommendations. + Looktthe adjectives in section Con page 208 and decide whic, fay, wil be relevant to your arsner > Decide how you wit ognize you eas nt paragaghs The paragraph stucturetn the wo sample answers is ‘ne possibilty. How se could you stucur your report? * toyour opr sing a consiterty foal ye, Am tute id ange of vecabuly and gece runber of oun than vets, 35i 1 i \ i t i t | | | | | 1 Gathering information Multiple choice E> 1.13 36 1 Doyou know where the following languages are spoken? Sami Breton Ladin Provencal Frisian Galego 7 2 You will hear a woman called Relena Drysdale being interviewed about her research for a book on minority languages. For questions 1-6, choose the answer (A. B, Cor D) which fits best according to what you hear What.to expect in the exam Part af the tsterng paper alveys coatans sixmuile- choice questions abou a conversation or iterven beeen oor more seater Te recording ass approximate fur minutes 1. The main purpose of Helena’s journey was to A establish precisely where Europe's minority languages are spoken. B investigate the eects of climate and location on language. € calculate the exact number of minority languages in Europe. 1D assess the current condition of Europes minority languages. 2 One problem of living in the mobile home was that A. there wasn't much space, B the children had nowhere to play. © jebecame very hot D they all got bored with each other. . | 3 What does Helena say about the people she met? A Notall of them spoke a minority Janguage. B Some were more willing than others to express their views. Intellectuals gave more biased information than other people. D Older people had a rather unbalanced view of the situation. 4 We learn that people who were punished for speaking Provencal A did not take their punishment seriously, B felt they were treated wofaiely. © were made to feel embarrassed D regretted what they had done. 5, What point docs Helena make about some local people in a tourist area? A. They are not interested in preserving their culture. B They complain too much about tourists. © They sell theirland in order to make large profits D- Their actions are not consistent with their opinions. 1" According to Heléna, language A cnables people to express their emotions. B ison expression of one's identity, C is the key to integration. D_ makes everyone dillerent 3) ©) Aeeany minority languages spoken in your country? Is anything done to ensure theie survival? Do you think more ‘could or should be done? Helena says: /fyou spoke a different language, you'd bea different person. Do you agree with her? Why!Why now?carch CorD) Gathering information @E™ Language focus 2: Present and future conditionals Match each of the conditional sentences from the listening with one of the explantions anc Jer conditional: youcut(a tee back it grows much stronger Fistcorctional if no postive ation is taken, they simply die out Secind conditional: if you spoke a diferent language, ‘you'd bea etferentperson. ‘8 onimoginary situation in the present or future ‘b-apossiblefture situation and its probable est «¢asituaton whichis always te Look tthe following ateratve structures to those use in ‘wo a the above examples from te lisering, First conditional If happen tlshoutd makes an event seem more unlikely, or more ofe chance possibilty lfYhappen to... see anything think she might ike for her birt, buy it ‘fl should (happen to). Inmere formal contents, the following inversion is possible: Should you require any further information, fease do not hesitate to contactus. Second conditional [A Hf were to + verb also makes an event seem more unlikely ‘is were to tell the boss what you've just sad, he'd probably sack you ‘Again, an inversion possible in formal contests: Were you to accept our propesa some funding would be made availabe to you. B Compare the following two structures, Which refers to the resent and which tothe past? 'fitwerent for my dog, Ya probably go away more. ‘Rithadh't been for his tna in prison, he might have got the job. ©. Supposing Supposelimaginecan ll bused instead off, = ch, especaly in everday ‘magine youlost yourjob. Whet would you do? for 1~6 opposite, ind one unnecessary wordin each seteoecr arf sentences Te waite grnmataly Incorrect ot does nt fit in with the sense of the sentences), ample: if youd have enough time, wil you help me to clean the garage out? 1 ifitmere'trken formy eg, fd definitely rnin the London Marathon next month, 2 Its very ue yo see heat the concert, butifyou should happen bump into her give her my regard, wont you? 3. Shealvays moaning about him =| would’ beinthe leastit supe she nou spt up with him soon 4 Uinowyou don't hink there's much chance oft happening, bt justifsuppose you did win ist pie How wal es mse in mind. S| have rites inthe house ever hough they oppecr tobe nthing more Hen an expansio wy of coburn o mugiloFhat wale, ‘and hesbs, even hough hey ore c moter of supreme inference to me. When cock or aber people ond ‘reco says ‘season ots, have to hope for thebes. 1 a Complete each gap with a word from the box. bodies bread fumes rubb ‘The aerid odour ot burning. pee ‘The rancid smell of sour, sell-by date. ‘The mouth-watering aroma of froshly brewed coffee fruit ‘The stale smell of sweaty ind petrol : ‘and beked, and butter that has long since passed its| 5 The pungent arama ofheris and ‘and ripe tropical b Where might you find the above smells? Example 1 You mighe notice this smell ina gym changing room or oa erode bus. 2 Arrange thé adjectives in bald in exercise 1 into the columns below, according to their reaping, The Birst one has been done for you. “positive © Nogative. Neutral stale 3 Add the following adjectives to the columns in exercise 2 fresh faint ‘unmistakable strong musty overpowering rect ickly 4 ©) Do the speaking activity on page 204. 39Word formation For questions 1-8, ‘ead the text below, Usethe word given ‘incapitals at the end of some of the lines to foimra word that fits inthe gap “tithe same line, "There is an example CAN YOU TRUST THE INTERNET? There isa general (0) . amongst internet users that online articles which seem to be based on thorough research asthey FACT claim, Online, awriter has the kind of 2)... powers; EDIT ‘that no ordinary journalist or author would ever have, and the |.) teaderis forced to distinguish between what is (3)... and what is mere opinion, And even sites which were once thought and academic study, are not always as (1) OBJECT * tobe (4). .. now suffer from attacks carried out by RELY é internet vandals intending to cause deliberate (8) ACCURATE with statistics. Another (6) issue is that of writers CONTROVERSY claiming to have academic backgrounds oF (I) wu EXPERT " _ imanarea when they do not, Online encyclopaedia Wikipedia once admitiéa that ne of their editors, a professor of religious studies who other editors believed to be entirely (3) ‘was actually a 24-year-old student ‘TRUST éalled Ryan Jordan, Before he was unmasked, Jordan had made ‘over 20000 alterations to the entries people had posted on the encyclopaedia, 40Gathering information Open doze For questions 1-8, ead the text below and think of the word which hest fits each gap. Use only one word in ‘each gep. There s an example at the beginning (0). Write your answers IN (CAPITAL LETTERS. ° taro bodoreandsiragag 7 LISTENING TO VEGETABLES © Secs hae decked «nto ofiserng 9 sounds fon pans oral imu 0,7. ea aca &Whenaleaforstemssicethe plantsgnd isos (1)... teeing he gs etene overs surice The gs 4 nolecules recollected in a belljar and borabarded with ler beams (2) rakes them vibrite,The veuleat : sound waws are detected with a sensitive microphone. The scents have discovered chat the (3) a planet subjected to stes.the louder the sgl [One suprising rule cre fom an apparenty healthy cucumber that was viewall shouting (4)... sgony BP Aeloer tad showed) we d€8loped shar fangs, teing to plansin this 6)... could be of goat bento farmers in detecting pests and disease and 20 aid to elficien soringand transporting Aoples, for insta 08 (P) nn high level of eben, nctscng with cipenes and easing neighbouring fico rot visible dfeences of ipeness could be detected acoustical enabling Fue o be separated so (8) 80 prolong its eshnes. ene eee beer re Dee ce Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS, © the bankefuses olen us money wo might have to ask your pares instead REQUEST 7 ifthe banktums.. CONN OURREQUESTFOR._aioan, werright have to ak your parensinstesd, Bea 1 Having ahotcay together was a mistake because we aautd alte tne NEVER bwih _onhotiay together because we erguod alte tne. 2 Youwere not supposed to fel anyone about my news! SECRET Tartar instead of tating everyone 2: Although wanted to quit smoking gradually my doctor ek mete sep treaty PREFER aE “on UBSmoking gradually, but my dota tld meto ston imme 4 Lyaugina Any no auectene uh asta ig. SENSE! WFitwere 2% 5 Ifyoushould ever come to France, pease feel esto vist us. HAPPEN Please fel reo vist. 5 The mast likely reason forthe sciantists geting the conclusion wrongi that they were not thorough ‘enough with thelrresearch, PROBABLY lftheirresearch had been more thorough, the scientists humour, |would find Andy quite attractive, voto France, ‘othe wrong conclusion,42 Pete orient lll Introduction nthe Reading and Use of English paper, you have 90 miautes to complete eight different tasks. In this unit, we will look at three of che four Use of English tasks: Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze Part 3 Word formation Part 4 Key word transformation ‘We will look atthe four Reading tasks, Parts 5-8, on pages 82-89. Part 1: Multiple-choice cloze a ©) what effects do you think noise might have on the behaviour of birds that ive jin towns and cities? b Read the text below, ignoring the gaps, and compare your ideas. 2 For questions 1-8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, Cor D) best fits each gap, There is an example at the beginning (0). Twitter in the city ‘While cities and urban areas are attractive, food-rich environments for birds, there is a (0).,...., 0 be paid. And the (1)... living in a noisy environment can be significant for birds that use acoustic signals to attract mates, defend territories, (2) of dangers and eter competitors, Many human beings find urban noise uncomfortable, but for birds, having * vital communications drowned or muffled (3)...... their breeding and survival Research indicates that birds are (4)... to the challenge by adapting their acoustic signals 0 they can be heard abore the urban din, ‘Their songs are becoming shorter, louder and with Tonger pauses. They are also increasingly singing at night, when noise (8)... there’ (6)... of an ability to adjust songs by leaving out lower pitch notes which would be drowned by tralfic noise. ‘Some researchers believe that these changes will (7)... #ourban and rural birds of the same ‘species becoming reproductively isolated, I's also been suggested that birds and species which (8) ..on.t0 adapt will abandon city life, reducing urban biodiversity 0 Achaye . — B price © valve D fee 1A downturn B downfall © downside D downgrad 2 +f" B sotice © announce D declare 3 B suitors € intimidates iD threatens 4 B emerging © elevating D rising 5 B heights amounts D degrees 6 B support © evidence D mark 7 B lead © bring D end 8 A omit B decline © wait D failReady for Use of English 3 ©) Inthe Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze task, an option may be correct for onc or more ofthe following zeasons: ‘a. Itis part of a collocation or set phrase, e.g. 0 (there is a) price (to be paid} b Itfits the meaning of the sentence. e.g. 1 downside ight ¢ Itfitsthe surrounding grammar, e.g. 2 swan (of dangers) ksi Foranswers 3-8 in exercise 2 on page 42, say which factors, ave, are important when ‘choosing the correct answer. For questions 1-8, read the text elow and decide which answer (A. B, Cor D) best Fits ‘an example at the beginning (0). that live Dest fits Few European railways (0), such desolate mountain terrain asthe 310-mile line (1), or capital with its principal port and second city. Bergen. {tis the highest mainline railway in northern d Europe, (2) the Hardangervidda plateau at 49608, and for nearly 60 miles it is above the tree Hine, wing interrain with few (3)......of human lif. ‘Tras also one of the most difficult railways to build. There were few eoads for supplies: deep snow vals and freezing temperatures for months on (4)... teduced productive days; and 11% miles of tunnel ‘ith had to be bored, mostly through solid gneiss. The line opened in (6)... from 1883, ono ofthe And opening trains becoming (6)... show, but the first scheduled train los Bergen did not leave Oslo be cunt 1908, thas become a popular journey for tourists, not only for the main Kine itself but also as a wey to ame (0)... 260885 to the branch line and the ford village of Flim, Snow isa (8)... almost throughout hich the year, because the average snow-linc in Norway is at about 3000ft, compared with 7000Kt in Switzerland. 0 A ust B wrenscend © wraverse D transfer 1A relating B bonding: € linking D combining 2A reaching'vi "2B dequichhg © scanning D ranging 3A marks B proofs © factors D signs 4 Acad _ B time € row D line 5 A pieces B sections © portions D segments 6 A surrounded B loaded © buried D fallen 7 Ahold B gain © make D bring 8 A feature B vision © part D deal 43| Ready for Use of English Part 3: Word formation Mucca cuss i Pert coins atet wth eight cas each of which has efile withthe corect form ofa word ivenin ‘atl nthe earl bel the infinite form of the vr needed ater themed an. Temising ‘words te sly nouns, adjectives, adver and eanaly ab, Somatine the werd you write wl need 0 ‘bein the plural and sometimes a negative forms required. The mein o the text sxrounding the gaps wil ‘bp you decide, cs 1 For questions 1-8, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to forro a word that fits in the gop in the same Line, Use the words in bold vw help you to decide on the correct form of your answer. There is an example at the ‘beginning (0), Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS. What a pain! rime or other, but what is its function INIMIZE. it in our lives? MINIMUM According to the International Association for the Study of Pain, the (1), anu. Of pain is as follows. "an unpleasantsensory DEFINE and (2) sone @XpOrience associated with actual or EMOTION potential issue damage” Our understanding of pain is influenced by @ (3)... factors inclding aur (A) pains, and how our cultural (5) of VARY .state, memories of past. PSYCHOLOGY affect ourlives. Some BELIEVE people believe that women should (6) wowwhave arauch THEORY greater (7) ..for pain than men, since they are capable TOLERATE of giving birth, which can be intensely painful, However, one study conducted at the University of Bath in the UK involving men and ‘women submerging their arms in iced water, actually discovered that the women found the pain more (8)..... thanthe BEAR men did. You are going té read a shor textenided ots count! Wht do you thi the text will beabout? Tact ces Mea gh the text quiie quickly, ignoring the aes and check your predictions,” . ‘Then ‘tead:-the 'téxt'again and for queitions: is use the Word given: capitals attheend,, _Gésomeé of the lines to form a word tha fits in the gap in the same lineReady for Use of English Part 4: Key word transformation For questions 1-6, complete the second sentence so that it has similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must ‘sho usc borween three and six words, including the word given, Write your answers IN ecto CAPITAL LETTERS. >i : + Pat requresyoutuse a enact stchees to cxpessifeasin dite nays You ae tested on our ofsome now ofbhle nd naz onl Tey word might arf calcaton a presal vb or aset phrase tight eat apace € rarer pon ait could be asynanrmor anion ot award in the fist sentnce © Whenyou complete enchgap, pay attention tothe cect use of verb pates pepntons, egaies, Conjuncsons nso. 4 Answer the questions in tals afer each prof sentences beloreyou complete the tsk Questions fie these «wile ppeari he exam, Karen‘s shyness means that she ties not to speak about anything personal in front of other people. public, as she is terribly shy. the second? 7 “Ts the speaks <1 Wha verb ofr collocates wid are? What moun is formed freme the verb ‘speak? What two prepositions go on either side of bebalf? 5 After the noise from the machine has stopped, you can open the lid. UNTIL « Do'not open the lid of the machine Jus that noise, Which of thafollpiing siructures meas that the verblactvity no longer happens 1° sid + gerund ga stop + infinitive ‘What verb often collocates with ‘noise? ell 6 -Lregret not concentrating more on what the teacher said during my French lessons. yk - ATTENTION eI the teacher during my French lessons oa past regret? (See Unit 3) * ‘Which verb often collocates with attention’? What preposition follows ‘attention’?TLRS ou e es Language focus 1: Punctuation 1 > heed the following quotations on the theme of work. = 3. Punctuate te folowing newspaper atce on working tends Carament on each one with your partney, saying whether you ke ordisikeit, agree or disagree withit Give reasons ior your opinions lulled anybody, but why} onl Charlie -MoCarthy 4 ‘like work: it fascinates mel can sitand look at it 6 ‘isnot the hours you put” 5. inyour work thateounts, {8 the work you pat in « Nhe hours.” ee, Fats Domino K § 7. ‘Far and away the best prize . i in Britain. Ad capital letters where necessary. HOME-WORKING if you had the choice would you prefer to work from home or in an office British workers seem. to be in no doubt one in four of them has given up commuting tothe office in favour ofa more domestic working environment and the igure is growing. the number of home-workers is likely to increase Dy more than 50% over the next five years claimed a spokesperson for Datamonitor the London-based market resesrch company af 8 result ofthis trend consumers will spend a great + deal lesson certain goods and services transport pearl eating ourand drinks moreover because hhome-workers usually take fewer showers the sale of personal care products such as deodorants and soap will also be affected the study which shows dat home-workers tend tobe the more highly qualified professionals in « company says that firms are in danger oflosing their best ermployees if they do not allo home- ‘working unfortunately however there are some ‘who abuse the trust which has been placed in them Datamonitor discovered that many like to ‘watch television listen tothe radio and browse social networking sites while they work | | that fers istechance 4 Check your answer with the suggested version, to work hard at work worth Sam doing! ERR? Foing 5 D> whatare ‘headvantages and sadvantages of homeworking? TheodoreRoasevelt Would you peferto H 2 achof the quotations above contains one punctuation Pat eon : mistake Find the mistakes and conect ther, ! €D seed nore about punctuationin the Gremmar ; reference on page 217. 46Les Work time (Geringt —) Multiple matching (2) 1.14-1.18 oo 1 ©) What advice would you give to someone going for a job interview? Example: Dress smarty. 2. You will hear five shor extracts in which people are talking about interviews they attended. ng wends Road through oth asks crf for you tr tose, Not thatin Task One, you ae listaring forthe thepeson recived not wat they acy ed. = Tiytopreitthe language you minhthesr foc ech pero. Eeamplet ‘Amin your body lsnqvage the way sou sito stand: what wud with you aes, baad andes. © Concertvate main but rot exclusively o Task One the fisttine youlsten The secad time you stn, give ‘ore attention to Task 190 + Dee'tleave any questions ueanswered caHHgR ‘TASK ONE TASKTWO For questions 1-5, choose from the list(A-H)the For questions 6-10, choose from thelist (AH) the advice each speaker received. problem each speaker encountered. | While you listen you must complete both tasks. | } { MN | a | : mind your body language ‘feeling unwell i) | i arrive early for the interview 1 having the wrong information 6] i ‘wear the right clothes ‘not having the right personality so o> show interest in the prospective ‘employer hide your enthusiasm for the job having alight accident ‘not having the right qualifications A B c D_antving late for the interview E F 6 F practise the interview 4) 9 being unable to answer | beforehand TTT ‘questions i ‘unusual situation 5 : 10 @ tink ofan unusual situatior H_ being unhappy about the pay H control your nerves 3 ©) you have had an interview or an oral examination, tell your partner about how ‘you prepared for it, what you remember about the interview and what the outcome was. Ifyou have never had an interview, tell your partner what you would fear most about going for an interview and what you would de to overcome this fear 47\ JME ork cine a a Language focus 2: Gerunds and infinitives A Review ©) Mretolowing sentences are all from thelitening. Discuss with your partner the reasons why the words underlined are in the gerund or the infinitive. Erample: 1 The noun ‘way'is often folowed bythe infinitive. "Going! |sin the gerund because it follows the preposition ‘y'all prepositions take te ing form of verb Thebest vey to prepare foran interview isby going othe company's website They can sa you've done your homework. You're nat to ge al uptight and on edge. Proigcting seltconfdence at an interview is vital forsucces, ‘puton my best sult age me that confidence, {thnk t managed to det Iesadsabetalean forward, They recommended imagining the interviewer inthe ath Common problems 1. In 1-8 below, thereis a mistoke in one of the two sentences Find the mistake and correct Example: o feeling You can'thelptofee sorry for John, losing hisjob The that. The company say it ep im to fad another, ut ies nat the same, ‘1a have been made to fel very welcome in my new ja. 2a 3a 4a bb They even letme to leave early sol can pickup my son from school, It’s taken me time to adjust to working in an open-plan office sill can't get used to share the same working space with the oss, It’s met worth toma an effin my job — the pays solow : bb And there's certainly no point taking workhome atweokends, ‘We appreciate your agreing to give talk atthe conference, 1b We would ite tht you ere our quest for dinner after yourtalk, : ‘Assoon as | getto work ll the phones star ringing. b They don'tstop toring aldoy. {don'¢mind to gp tate tice meal tonight; b .. butrealy don’t fel ike having a cocktail ith the boss beforehand, \ased him to buy 2 new sult for his intervie, b also recommended to havea haira We were to have received apa rise this year b Management have admined to havebroen their promise to increase salaries, €©D heck your asin ne Grammer reference onpoge 218 48 2 > Work wih aparines tak w each over E about something c ‘you would miss being able to doi you ved abroad, you would efuse to do under any dreumstances. you remember doing when you were vey sl child you ate planning to do inthe net ow months you regret doing, your parents dite you doas ahd you alvayshaveditfiaty doing you often forget todo. Nouns followed by the infinitive Each ofthe nouns in the box canbe fallwed bythe infinitive with to. For each question 1-5, use the information in the informal sentence ato complete the gaps inthe formal sentence busing the words n the bo, You should use each word ‘once only. ‘effor attempts willingness opportunity capacity ability decision determination tendency refusal 1 a its yery obvious that he realy wants to get on in thes, company and he's done alot to get overs shyness. b Hehasshown dear tomake Frogressin the company andhebos made a great —___ to overcome his shyness, a She usally thinks she fautif work doesn't get done ‘cn ini eventhough ve edt tefl her several imes it'snottive, b Shehasalan ‘toblame herself if deadlines are not met, despite my various ‘o persuade her otherwise, ‘8 He never misses chance to become a better salesman and what admire mostis the fac tht he doesn't get fed upit things aren't going wel b Hetakes advantagecfevey to develop asa salesman, and i to become despondent in the face of difculties fis mast adeirable quality 8 Healko doesnt seem vey capable of controling his pupils and think he's ight to want to get out of teaching bb Furthermore, he seems to ack the to maintain dasscom dcpline, and can oly suppor his ——____toleave the teaching profession. 1 The bet thing about her aretha she's prepared to ‘take on new challenges and she can handle stressful situations. bb Her greatest strengths are he. 0 accept new challenges andher_—— to cope with pressure.Work time QZ Collaborative task <> Here are some things that school students can do to belp them prepare for their ‘working lives. ‘Talk to cach other about how useful these experiences might be in preparing school Ll students for their working lives. ald meeting employers at a careers day nl fearing about money management How useful might these experiences be in preparing schoo! students for their _- working lives? lire site 5 ing part-t * marking parttime Going volunteer work “etonce i roleplaying job interviews 2 Now decide which experience would have the greatest offect on a student’ | selfconfidence. ig) ay . s e en espns a popes ard an acrepanyng lone joo mle dang cei ued on ime Le writen aol and pesuasve syle You wile sk twits between 1 > Read the following Essay task and answer the questions below: au a Whois your target ceader? : get How many ofthe listed methods de you need to urite about? i © Whatelse do you have to doin your essay? » _ Whose opinions are quoted? i __€ Whatis the connection bebween the listed methods and the three opinions? s £ Isit necessary to refer tothe three opinions? What do you need to persuade the target reader about? 10 Your class has recently watched a TV documentary on what methods governments this should ys to encourage young people to purse Farther education, You have made the om “potes Below: fl Write an essay for your tulor discussing two of the methods in your notes. You ! Stouliuiein. [Sone ophions opreccod nthe should explain which method you think a ree ee | Tr documentay is more important for governments to fuera consider, giving reasons in support of “Nowadays, people should be able Sam anceen * elearning tostudy from home, * Work placements “There should be some guarantes of the opinions expressed in the TV. + cheaper tees | 288 atthe endothe course, documentary, but you should use your | ‘Maybe young psople would go to ‘own words as far as possible. colioge ifthey could afford it” 49 ‘You may, ifyou wish, make use ofa Work time 2. Reaud the model answer and answer the following question. ‘Which of the listed methods does the writer suggest is more important? :ncouraging school-leaves ¢ college cour ‘Over the last ton yeas there has been arse in the number of teens finishing their studies a ‘age 16 0F 17. Statistics indicate that they ae opting to leave school as carly as possible, ethet Tbecaste they are unable or tinwilling to take their education further It is clea cha this could have a long-term impact on the skils, knowledge and qualifications ofthe general workforce. It is therefore esxental that governments find ways to reverse this tend. ‘We need to begin by asking why young people do notsee college asa good option. A major fictor is certainly the cost. For many low-income families, course fees, materials and ‘equipment are simply unaffordable. Reducing fees would therefore enable many more students 0 attend college. However, forthe government to do this, it would need to use a very large par ofits toul budget for education, year afer year Tt night be a more practical solution to offer young people more sibility in when and how they study. If governments supported colleges in developing online courses ad ‘blended learning programunes, more young people could study at dine and place that ‘was convenient to them. Students with daytime jobs,forinstance, could choose to do their coursework and view workshops or online webinars in the evening or weekends, | i i | | Setting up these kinds of programme would be expensive at is, but once the courses were ‘ctablished it would bea cost-effective approach. Now we have the technology, we should use ito maximize educational opportunites for the young generation. 3 Which of the three possible paragraph plans, A, B or C, does the essay follow? iA B lTe Anusduetion: Introduction: | | Introduction: Explain reasons for young people | | Describe cffect of young people | | Provide general information not pursuing further education, ‘ot pursuing further education | | about the current trend regarding (Central paragraphs: and outline methods to be 5Joung people and further | | Gaplain the advantages and discussed, ‘education. Indicate purpose {| disadvantages of two proposed | | Central paragraphs: caf essay. | anethods, Describe one method and give Cenral paragraphs: State my own opinion about reasons why governmentshould | | Discuss one proposed method || which method is beter. consider it, and suggest why itmay not i) | Conclusion: Describe second method andsay | | beefective. Seen eee why it might alsobe considered. | | Discuss second method and give «| | conclusion: reasons why the government Weigh tsgivenand | | should consider it “ state,opinion, Give reason(s) ‘Coneusiont Realfirm why one method is preferable to the other, 50 4 al The following structures from the model in exervise 2 could be used in other essays you write Over the last... years there has been w ‘Statistics indicate that... Underline more structures in the model which could be used in other essays. 1b Fourdifferent modal verbs are used in the model. Which ave shey?Work time 5. Read the Part | tack below and write your essay. ‘Your class has recently attended 2 panel discussion on what methods governments should use lo prepare young people for working life. You have made the notes below: Mi cn ? ng i + apprentice schemes tT ‘Some opinions oxproscod i the panel disoussion: + workroated subjects st schoo! | "Young people should balance their academic studies with + visits from employers practical experience in job. “Schools must teach things ike money management and interview techniques." “Maybe kids would choose the right jobif they really knew what itwas about? Write an essay for your tutor in 220-260 words discussing two of the methods in your notes. You should explain which method you think is more practical for {governments to propose, giving reasons in support of your answer ‘You may, if you wish, make use of the opinions expressed in the discussion, but you should use your own words as far as possible. : i | t i i \ t & | «+ Therere any tee itso conse rom in awn tasks Dc which to you wont to deus * ‘ecide what ies ating to these wo general pons ouwantto ere eve ate some posible idea forthe thee method propre inthis questo: ~ agree schemes: shel tudes go tower foro dy ding the week eo shouldbe related theists et ~ work else subject tshoo lng in fos practising intriaw telvigues, amg about ‘money anagemen etc ~ vss rom employes presentations. question ard ansne ssn opportunities tov the aneieyerscompary et © ganieyurioes int ga preps Fortis question ello paragraph plan Cin exec Note tat yo could atthe mor important ‘metodin ete paragraph oo te, ar the sor oppes for he method which oto pac ‘Wt youresy using 2 range of cable and stu ‘Use some ofthe language you haveseen in this writing section. + Natesareyousiport cur opinions wih sons. onWork time Readigand) _(rss-textmultple matching Use of English} 1 Cy What‘ottice politics’ situations do the pictures below show? Have you ever been involved in similar situations at school or work? What other ‘office politics’ situations might exist in some companies? What do vou think might be the best way to deal with thorn? 2. Youare going to read four extracts from articles about office polities. For questions 1-4, choose from the extracts AUD. The extracts may be chosen more than once. eee ‘= Read the brig the ie ar the subtle carealy. Whatsthe central theme ofthe four texts? 7 > Reasthe feu quesdons and dey the ey information to focus on. Undertine relevant wordtin the questions. The Fst one has bean done foryou. 1 Qui reat each of te fou testo get an de of what each ones about. aad each text more carefully lecate2refrencato cach ofthe fur questions. For question the references to te ole of manages in text have been undefined, Now do the same fortes8, Cand, © enty the opinion hat coc writer has on each question and compare ttn thtfthe ether ters. ‘Which writer hasa diferent opinion from the othersan the appropriate role of managarsin dealing ith office pois? (This be the answer to question 1.) Office Politics Four writers talk about problems at work and how they should be resolved At surface evel, the subject of office politics may appear to be a trivial images arise of gossiping staff at the photocopier, intra-department, emails taking exception to a colleague's time off for childcare omimitments, the new assistant manager being given the coid shoulder because of his new dress cade policy. Yet all these situations may have a profound impact on the workplace dynamics of any business or industry, Unfortunately, office politics isan area that a number of department heads edmit to ignoring, in the vain hope that problems will resolve ‘themselves. Although itis nat advisable for them to intervene ditectly, ‘they do need to get Human Resources involved immediately. 52rT ma 8 E * Work time aa because offce politics has such an impact on company morale and productivity that business leaders must keep their er tothe ground and be alertto potential problems. Ishould, at this point, set out what | mean by office politics, We are not talking here about minar concerns such as arguments over the timekeeping of workmates, but rather how people will spread blame and employ deception to advance their own interests. By ro means i this kind of behaviour common to all workplaces, although it appears to be endemic television production, banking and advertising Once they are alert, on no account should a department head or other person in authority approach the individuals concerned in aparticular‘otfice politics’ situation, Instead, the matter should be dealt with, at least asa first a step, by Human Resources, who must be equipped with clear policies. ¢ Despite the fact that office polities occurs in all kinds of business, owners and department heads are often irritated whenever the suspicion arises that there are conflicts between staff members. Research suggests that in many cases, they will just turn a blind eye ‘to such situations, This may not matter so much when it comes to petty gossip abour the social lives of colleagues outside of work, for example, and besides, this sort of problem does not realy fit within the category of office politics. However, when employees are dishonest, taking credit for the work of others or pointing the finger when 2 mistake is their own, we ate dealing with the kind of situation that needs a strong response, which, in the first instence, 4 ‘must be from Human Resources or an intermediary. if senior managers tep in before proper procedures have been followed, they risk being accused of favouritism. D ‘Over the last decade, my research team and I have studied a range of workplaces with office politics issues, from small family-run enterprises to vast corporations. We have found indisputable evidence thatswiftand direct intervention by immediate superiors s the most effective way to stop d minor issues amongst juniors from getting out of hand and escalating into major crises. Indeed, many of the staff we surveyed said that this approach ‘to dealing with conflict played a large role in maintaining their overall job satisfaction. Essentially, it appears that staff are less likely to bear a grudge against fellow employees or managers when they perceive that a problem has been dealt with in an open and frank manner. Conversely, when they perceive that others have been talking about them behind their backs, resentment islikely to remain. Interestingly enough, these attitudes were held by both long-term employees and more recently-eppointed ones. Which writer has a different opinion from the others on the appropiateroleof == GT] -pagnages in dealing with office politics? shares writer BS view regarding the definition of office polities? Gl expresses a different view from the others regarding the extent to mo ‘which office politics exists in companies? takesa similar view to writer Con the attitudes of some im) managers towards office polities? © Reacting to the text ‘Some of the writers suggest that people in authority should intervene when there is a dispute or bad feeling between colleagues or people within the same peer group, ‘Do you think this is the right approach? What might it depend upon? 533Work time j Vocabulary 1; Body idioms : 1 a Completeeach ofthe idioms with a part ofthe body. You may need to use a plural form, i 1... the new assistant manager being given the ¢old because of his new ‘ ress code policy. (A) 2... business leaders must keep their to the ground and be alert to potential problems. (B] | 3 Research suggests that in many cases, they will just tura a blind, to such situations. (C) | 4... when ernployees are dishonest, taking credit for the work of others or pointing the ____"_"when a mistake is their own... (C) 5 ... direct intervention by immediate superiors is the mosteffective way to stop minor issues amongst juniors from getting out of _____and esealating into major crises. (D) 6... when they perceive that others have been talking about them behind their | ;Tesentmnent is likely to remain, (D) 1b Check your answers in the reading text on pages 52 and 53. The letters in brackets refer to the sections in which the idioms ean be found. 2 Use the contest to work out the meanings of the idioms in exercise 1. Long turn <> 1 Look at these pictures. They show people working in stressful situations. Student A: Compare two of the pictures, and say what might be causing the stress, and ‘what action the people might take asa result 1 Student B: Hi ‘When your partner has finished talking, say which situation in the two pictures looks H more difficult to resolve, 2 Now change roles. Follow the instructions again using the remaining pictures.Work time Sentence completion @D 1.19 1 ©) “Wo much to do and aot enough time to do it,’ To what extent docs this apply to aral form, : : Ml yOU? How well do vou organize your Lime? new i 2. You will hear part of a talk by time management expert David Markham. For questions in 1-8, complete the sontences with a word or short phrase. David says thatthe key to good time management i (1) . 0 esimportant to have (2) . _ expectations of what we can achieve, ning David warns that (3) uses ..Can prevent us achieving what we set out to do, He recommends giving priority to (4) it we feel overwhelmed. opminor ERE David advises against always trying to a our work, | Housework requires the samme (6) _. that we need to exercise at work, David suggests we should reserve time for those pursuits we find (7)... ‘He says it isa mistake to think ofthe (8) asaformof relaxation. | kets a ee Tee! es 3 > doyou manage to achieve the right balance between work and relaxation? Vocabulary 2: Time 1. Complete each gap in these extracts from the listening with a word from the box. against. = aside = for, Stor, ins up i] * What you hope to accompli the time available... ! you have tophone insick and take time work. ee -iftime ls you, ifyou're pressed tlie, .. don't worry if what you rocuce is less than wonderful. _ what we ill work foris to make time____aurselves, to free__time for the things We really want to do. “Ttsessential to set___enough time to pursue your interest. prime record-breaking sale spare “free leisure __g7ame You could use free time, leisure time and spare time wher talking about what you do when “Jou renot siudying or working. g:kitkolf —. iajury ‘winning departure olf peak viewing closing milking ee of the collocations from exercise 2 and write a sentence for each, leaving mE bere the collocate of rime should be. Then show your sentences to your partner ed the winning goal in the last minute of ____t rnjury] 5556 Word combinations For sentences 1-10, underline the correct alternative. 1 We need to take action now, before Lhe situation gets out of head/hold/nand/elp. 2 When considering the reasons for the fall in productivity, management was rather too quick to aim/pointishow/erger the finger at workers, 3 Timsoryy | can't deal with it now ~Tm a little delayed pressedare/short for time. 4 None of the TV stations here put educationsl programmes on at peak showing? sightinglseeinglviewing tires, 5 You should siveffind/setfkeep aside at Jeast halFan hour a week to read an English newspaper or magazine, 6 Write on the other side of the paper if you cart fit everything into the space ftee/ sparelavailablefproviding. 7 Lwas most impressed by his way/tendency/abilitylcapacity of thinking and expressing himself 8 Thatelavoidiadraidoat' help to say it, but [thought it was a terrible film, 9 Sarah has made combined/predotermined!greathvide efforts to catch up with the ‘work she missed during her long absence, £0 Weoller exellent promotion prospects and you willbe ven every/muchireatlt opportunity to progress in your career. Gerunds and infinitives For 1-8, complete each of the gaps with the correct form of the ve 1 Treally dont fool at all ike brackets. (go) out tonight, soits no use tery) ee) me feo) clubbing wath you. 2 Assoon as! stopped (smoke), Fstarted (eat) more. 3 Leoulda'thelp (notice) you were wearing Gucci” shoes, | hope you don't mind me ask), buit how rmuch were they? 4 Mey (not keep) you for too long. T wouldnt like you (think) [was wasting your time, 8 Wereallydo appreciate you_____(give) up your valuable time (come) and (alk) to us today, Me Wilson, 6 {distinctly remember Steve_______(agree)__(help) us with the move today. He either forgot (set) his alarm, orhe’s found something bauer (@o). 7 *Phspotice made several unsuccessful attempts (enter) the building, and evei firefighters had difficulty (Gut) through the thick metal door 8 Herecommended me __ (claim) compensation for unfair dismissal, but he suggested ‘Gock) legal advice frst, RSEWork time QZ Key word transformation For questions 1-6, compleze the second sentence so that it has a sintlar meaning ro the fest sentence, using the word given, Do not change the word given, You must use between three and six words, including the word given, Hore is an example (0). ‘Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS. 0 The manis armed and you should not approach him wnder any cireustances. ‘hel ACCOUNT i The man is amod and..QNNOACCOUNT SHOULD. you approach im. rather In this exercise, all ofthe target language can be found in the article Office Politics. ral po 3 1 i Matcsth ny information inthe adi cetence with th infrmaton nthe acon sete Then relish decide whet infomation sti ising othe second sertence—enShow the ey word canopy ‘his ee + ltisinpotanttobe acrate far eal tha key wrdisa veh you need o aman takes 1.20 tk a q You will hear an interview with a sociologist and former counsellor called Adrian ‘Mitchell, who has just published a back on femily relationships. For questions 1-6, choose the answer (A, B, Cor D) which Bits best according to what you hear. 1. Why did Adrian decide lo write a hook on family relationships? A. Hewas persuaded by others in bis Held. B- He was encouraged by the success of his previous publication. He felt it was a natural outcome of his work in sociology: D He believed it was probably expected of him. 2. Adrian says that he gave up his role asa counsellor because A he was unable to remain objective. B he felt overloaded with responsibility. € itno longer provided sufficient challenge. D he resented its impact on his own physical health, 3 Advian says that the average 21st-century husband A. may be sulfering a form of identity crisis, B ‘sstil reluctant to participate in housework, secretly wishes to earn more than his wife. D ishappy to have been relicved of certain duties, 4 Adrian explains that his children did not feature in his book because A. academic publications should have an impersonal tone. B they were unwilling to be exposed in such a way. © he was relucrant to take advantage of thcir willingness to please, D descriptions of family experiences were becoming formulaic. 5 Adrian criticizes certain media reports on social issues tor A their misleading use of statistics. 1B the sensational style they are written in, the way they overlook areas of progress. D their focus on superficial subjects. 6 What does Adrian say about the institution of marriage? Iwill continue to decline in popularity. Hae B Itisundervalued in modern society. ts purpose is not the same for everyone, B It requires more compromise than many people realize, 2 ©) do you agree with Adrian that newspapers tend to focus on the negative when they are discussing new trends in society? ‘To what extent can we believe the information presented in printed and online newspapers? ae 59