Conferința Națională

“ PRIN SPORT CELEBRĂM SĂNĂTATEA ȘI CENTENARUL”

INFLUENŢAREA DEZVOLTĂRII CALITĂŢILOR MOTRICE

LA STUDENŢI PRIN MIJLOACE SPECIFICE ARTELOR
MARŢIALE
INFLUENCING THE DEVELOPMENT OF MOTOR
QUALITIES IN STUDENTS THROUGH SPECIFIC MARTIAL
ARTS MEANS
Ph.D. Enăchescu Sorin
1
The State University of Physical Education and Sport, Chișinău, Rep. Moldova,
Rezumat
În acest moment, se consideră că problema educaţei fizice în facultăţi necesită o atenţie mai
mare din partea Ministerului Învăţământului. În prezent, datorită principiului de autonomie al
universităţilor, s-au realizat multe lucruri bune prin includerea educaţiei fizice în planul de
învăţământ, implementarea multor discipline sportive noi şi atractive puse la dispoziţia studenţilor,
precum şi dezvoltarea bazei materiale în universităţile conştiente de valoarea educaţei fizice. Dar,
din păcate, există şi unele universităţi în care activitatea de educaţie fizică este tratată superficial, în
detrimentul studenţilor şi implicit al societăţii.
Cuvinte cheie: physical education, sports discipline, development, student
Abstract
At this point, it is considered that the problem of physical education in faculties requires
greater attention from the Ministry of Education. Today, due to the autonomy principle of
universities, many good things have been done by including physical education in the curriculum,
the implementation of many new and attractive sports disciplines at the disposal of students, as well
as the development of the material base in universities aware of the value of physical education .
But, unfortunately, there are also some universities where physical education is treated superficially,
to the detriment of the students and implicitly of society.
Key words: 3-5 cuvinte cheie

1. Introduction
According to Funakoshi G. (1976), as a simple physical exercise practiced
in university classes by a growing number of advanced, advanced or beginner
students, karate do Shotokan is an excellent means of physical culture preserving
health and keeping adipose tissue under control. Nakayama M. believes that the
martial arts harmoniously develops the entire muscular, suppleness and strength of
the body and maintains the right backbone. Under this form, karate do Shotokan
style can become accessible to any healthy person, regardless of age and sex or
 “ PRIN SPORT CELEBRĂM SĂNĂTATEA ȘI CENTENARUL”, 2018

previous experience.
Young students aspire, as a rule, in optional lessons to demonstrate
competence, choosing activities that they have pursued either in school or in sports
clubs but are also interested in new challenges of other attractive disciplines like
karate to Shotokan. There is a small percentage of students (less than 10%) who
have practiced performance sports or who, without being concerned about this,
have very good motor skills. They are encouraged and encouraged to continue their
work in the representative teams competing in the Pop C sports competitions.
At the opposite end there are students who, over-guarded by parents, have
obtained physical education exemptions during the gymnasium or high school and
now have an acute fear of physical discomfort. There are, of course, pathological
cases in which effort of any nature is contraindicated, but these are very rare.
The retrospective analysis of the research on the methodology of
developing motor skills in physical education and sports activities has allowed us
to highlight some contradictions between the need to improve the training process
and the imperfection of the methods used to develop the motoring qualities, namely
the need to design the learning and achievement units of the training process based
on the specific martial combat means selected for the development of motor skills
at the students of the unprofitable institutions (3).
2. Material and method
The purpose of the research is to improve and scientifically justify the
effectiveness of the specific means of martial combat karate do Shotokan on the
dynamics of the development of the motoring qualities in the educational-
educational process of physical education in the higher education of unprofitable.
The object of the research is the process of developing motor skills through
specific means from karate do Shotokan to students of non-profiled faculties during
physical education classes.
In Romania, the issue of developing motor skills by means of martial arts at
the students was not put before 1989, except for the few Judo sections that operated
alongside various university centers such as IEFS Bucharest, Bucharest University,
Cluj University, Constanta Marine Institute , Polytechnic Institute of Iasi,
Polytechnic Institute Timisoara etc. The only martial discipline allowed by the
Communist authorities at that time was judo, which was Olympic sport in 1964,
and since 1968 Romania has such a federation (FR Judo).
Karate has developed clandestinely in various forms, even under the "cover
of judo centers" so many students at that time became after 1989, coaches or
leaders of the karate federations until today.
After the 1989 Revolution, the situation of karate do sections of state or
private faculties of unprofact changed radically. There have been hundreds of
initiation centers in sports clubs that joined the FRAM (Romanian Martial Arts
Federation) in 1990 and then at various other federations (4).

3. Results
 “ PRIN SPORT CELEBRĂM SĂNĂTATEA ȘI CENTENARUL”, 2018

Driving qualities give the essence of physical training through a harmonious blend
of training and, although presented in many research papers, they are always a
matter of topicality, etc.
In the educational-educational process, the development of motor skills is a priority
because (6):
• motor skills greatly condition and determine the formation and in particular the
strengthening of motor skills;
• developing motor skills favors increasing the body's exercise capacity;
• the development of motor skills can be achieved in simple material conditions;
• the development of motor skills can be done in the framework of independent
student activity;
• the development of various combinations of these qualities, on a certain
percentage, leads to the support of specific professional or sporting efforts.
Coordination is a psychomotric coordinative quality that develops greatly with the
practice of fighting styles techniques, which they condition in turn. Learning new
techniques as quickly and correctly as possible, quickly and efficiently adapting
them to the ever-changing and unpredictable conditions of the struggle, all belong
to coordination.
Force is one of the many driving qualities required in physical activity. It is
the basis of the simplest skills and its importance increases in direct relation to the
aim pursued in the process of training and improving basic motor skills or those
specific to different sporting disciplines (7). We can assert, without fear of
deception, that this motor quality determines to a great extent the speed of motoric
acts, while also contributing to the considerable increase in the number of
repetitions made, that is to say the resistance. Involved in speeding up execution,
this quality also influences coordination. So the acquisition of any technique and its
tactical capitalization depends, among other things, on the level of development of
force (5).
Strength training exercises are done by the physical education teacher
according to the degree of student training and the ability to recover the body. Prior
to the beginning of the exercises of force, a good analytical processing of the joints
and main muscle groups that will be involved in the execution is required (4).
 Upon entering the faculty, in terms of the overall level of traction, students are
present as a heterogeneous mass, with little evidence peak, while more than 20% of
them is below the level of motility at this age, with a tendency to stagnation or even
lowering resistance and strength indices, compared to previous generations of
students.
 In terms of the level of training and practicing of some sports disciplines, there is
a small percentage of students at an acceptable level, while the others are at the
level of beginners or uninitiated. In students, the overall level of motorcycle is
below that of students.
 That is why, in the physical education and sporting activity, a very large number
of students opt for minimal efforts, preferring sports games, aerobic gymnastics or
fitness.
 “ PRIN SPORT CELEBRĂM SĂNĂTATEA ȘI CENTENARUL”, 2018

 During the years, students' interest in athletics and sports gymnastics has
diminished (3).
 Students with low motor skills are not given enough attention, because the level
of motor development and sometimes even the level of physical development is
lower. While their colleagues perfected a branch of sport, they should be motivated
to develop motor skills and self-esteem training, or, at best, will resume practice
physical education if it was just broken.
 Students prefer activity to be hosted predominantly in halls, asking for it to be
linked to the scheduling of courses or seminars.
 The correlation of the activity of physical education and sport with the
endowment and the existing material base is a factor limiting the satisfaction of the
students' wishes (9).
 In these circumstances, the organization and content of the physical education
and sport activities bear the imprint of the general and specific peculiarities existing
within each higher education institution (1).
Through the systematic involvement of students in the activity of physical
education and university sport, as part of the instructive - educational process, the
pre - university education process continues at a higher level on the background of
an evolved biodiesel potential.

Fig. Correlation of the motor skills specific to martial arts (Leştaru, LC,
2013)

4. Conclusions and discussions

The results obtained within our researches can contribute to the drawing up
of the curricula of the profile and unprofessional institutions that study the martial
disciplines and lead to the increase of the biomotric potential of the subjects, to the
improvement of the quality level of the training of the groups of performance
athletes, as well as to the the enrichment, from the point of view of systematization
and diversification of the knowledge to be taught to the students, of the forms of
lessons used in the instructive-educational process (8).
It is recommended that the programming of the efforts be made in close
coordination with the physiological and motoric potential of the groups and only on
the basis of the means that the students managed to master as best as the execution
 “ PRIN SPORT CELEBRĂM SĂNĂTATEA ȘI CENTENARUL”, 2018

technique given the intense demands they are subjected to the body in terms of
driving qualities and increased chances of injuries if these rules are not met.
Once basic battle techniques are well-received, the use of various means
included in the experimental program through the progressive evolution of effort
dynamics, understood as a quantitative and qualitative manifestation of the ratio
between volume, intensity and complexity of exercises, ensures success in
obtaining superior results in terms of developing motor skills (2).
Dosage differentiated (groups, pairs or individually) offer distinct
advantages and progress in education motor skills but needs a level of support and
training top students because employment is regularly divided and density does not
decrease.
References
1. Leștaru, LC,(2013), The influence of martial arts "karate do shotokan" on
the dynamics of motor skills at students of nonprofit institutions, Doctoral
thesis, USEFS
2. Carp I., (2001), Implementation of the theoretical and methodological basis
of the scientific research work, a basic condition in the professional
training of specialists in the field of physical culture, The International
Scientific Conference, Chişinău
3. Cârstea Gh., (2000), Theory and methodology of physical education and
sport, Bucharest, AN-DA Publishing House
4. Ciorbă C., Simion G., (2001), The Concept of conducting the educational
process in higher physical culture institutions, The International Scientific
Conference, Chişinău
5. Danail S., Chirazi M., (2001), Optimizing the physical education lesson
through fighting games. Iasi, Altius Academy Foundation Publishing House
6. Dragnea A.,(1984), Contributions on the directions of optimization of the
physical education and sports lesson through the theory of systems,
Bucharest, Physical Education Magazine nr.3
7. Leştaru M., (2007), The development of motor skills at the students of the
nonprofit institutions by means of specific karate Shotokan, Bucharest,
Scientific Conference "Achievements and perspectives in the field of
physical education and sport". The University of Bucharest
8. Manolachi V.,(2003), Battle Sports, Theory and Methodology (Free, Greco-
Roman, Judo), Handbook for Sports Institutions, Chisinau: Central Printing
House.