Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
reactani
produi
Agent termic
reactani
(hidrocarburi)
Reactant
prenclzit
Zona de
convectie
produi
produi
2 reactoare
(dispuse in paralel)
Zona
de
radiatie
arztoare
combustibil
reactor
(serpentin/ diametru constant sau
variabil)
T(z + z)
T(z)
Ta
0
z + z
(D
m h )z +
debitul de
caldura intrat
cu amestecul
de reactie
QG z ST z
( Dm h )z +z + d t z K T ( T -Ta ) z
debitul de
caldura evacuat
cu amestecul
de reactie
debitul de caldura
transferat prin perete
(1)
Dm
h ( z + z ) -h ( z )
z
(2)
Dm
dh
=ST QG - d t K T ( T-Ta ) ;
dz
dh dh dT
dT
=
= cP
dz dT dz
dz
(3)
dT
=
dz
QG -
4
K T ( T -Ta )
dt
; z = 0,T = T0
Dm cP
d 2t
ST =
;
4
= Dm
D
m
ST
(4)
QG = ( - H R,i ) v R,i
r
i=1
(5)
QG=(-HR)vR = (-HR,A)vR,A
(6)
d m,i 1
=
v , ,, m,r ,T,P
m R,i m,1 m,2
dz D
z =0 , m,i =0 , i=1,2,,r
)
(7)
d XA
1
=
vRA ( X A ,T ) ;
dz
DMA,0
z=0, X A =X A,0
(8)
(- H RA ) vRA
=
Ta = T -
4
K ( T -Ta )
dt T
(9)
(- H RA ) vRA d t
4K T
Ta(z)
(9a)
Ta,e
T0
T0
Ta,i
Ta,i
Ta,i
(-HRA) vRA
Ta (endoterme)
T
T0
Ta (exoterme)
Ta,i
Ta,e
T a,i
Ta,i
d T ( H RA )
=
vRA ( X
dz
Dm cP
, T)
(10)
d XA
1
=
vRA ( X
dz
DMA,0
Tad =
Ct =
(-H RA )CA0
cp
,T )
rezult:
T=T0 +Tad X A
(11)
(12)
T, exo
XA
endot.
exot.
XA
panta =1/Tad
T, endo
T
dT
=
dz
4
K T ( T -Ta )
dt
; z = 0,T = T0
mc
D
P
(13)
d XA
1
=
vRA ( X A ,T ) ; z=0, X A =X A,0
dz
DMA,0
(14)
4
dT
K T ( T - Ta ) = ( - H RA ) vRA - D m c p
dt
dz
d XA d T
4
K T ( T - Ta ) =D m c p Tad
dt
d
z
d
z
Ta(z)
(15)
(16)
1
1
2
XA
z
1
q1 < q 2 < q3
q= KT(T-Ta)
2
3
T0
z
Tad
1
4 K T CA ,0
cp dt vRA
( T Ta)
Regim izoterm
dXA
1
=
dT
Tad
dXA
=
dT
B
Tf H GE
m
T
Regim adiabat
yi
Si,j =
j
Si,j =
( ln yi )
yi / yi
=
j / j
( ln j )
- Exprimare relativa
T0
Aplicaie. ntr-un reactor tubular, avnd diametrul interior dt = 2,5 cm, are loc reacia de
cracare termic a acetonei la ceten:
(A )
34,222 1
v R = k( T) CA ; k( T) = exp 34,34
s
CH 3COCH 3 CH 2CO + CH 4 ;
Specia
H0f,j
(J/mol)
(CH3) 2 CO
- 2,177 105
6,301
0,2606
- 1,253 10-4
2,038 10-8
CH2 CO
- 6,113 104
6,385
0,1638
- 1,084 10-4
2,698 10-8
CH4
- 7,490 104
19,250
5,213 10-2
1,197 10-5
- 1,132 10-8
Rezolvare:
a)
V
= t 0 = CA ,0
D V ,0
X Af
dX A
vRA (X A )
vRA = k CA ,0
1 X A
1+ A X A
; A = y A ,0
'
A
=1
t0
1
=
k
X Af
1+ X A
1
1
d X A = 2 ln
X Af
1X A
k
1X Af
V = t 0 D V,0 =1,4 10 m
-4
b)
CA = CA ,0
V
=
t0 =
DV ,0
Tad=
T
1 X A
0 ;
1+ A X A T
X A ,f
4V
= 0,285 m
2
dt
( A = 1)
T 1+ X A
dXA
T0 k (1 X A )
( H RA ) CA ,0
cp
L=
T = T0 + Tad X A
( H RA ) y A ,0
Cp
(i)
H R ( T ) = H R,298 + ( T - 298 ) +
0
0
0
H R,298 = H f,2
+ H f,3
-H f,1
= 81670
Tad =
-83046,91
K=
164,39
J
mol
H R (1035) = 83046,91
J
mol
-505,2 K
1 + X A ,i
Ti
T0 k( Ti ) 1 X A ,i
; i = 0,1, , N
f 0 + f N N 1
+ f i
t 0 = f ( X A ) d X A X A
2
i =1
0
Exemplu de calcul:
XA= 0.000
XA = 0.010
XA = 0.020
XA = 0.030
XA = 0.040
XA = 0.050
XA = 0.060
XA = 0.070
XA = 0.080
XA = 0.090
XA = 0.100
T=1035.00
T=1029.95
T=1024.90
T=1019.84
T=1014.79
T=1009.74
T=1004.69
T=999.64
T=994.59
T=989.53
T=984.48
f1 = 0.27936
f2 = 0.33354
f3 = 0.39887
f4 = 0.47776
f5 = 0.57319
f6 = 0.68882
f7 = 0.82918
f8 = 0.99986
f9 = 1.20779
f10 = 1.46156
f11 = 1.77186
XA = 0.110
XA = 0.120
XA = 0.130
XA = 0.140
XA = 0.150
XA = 0.160
XA = 0.170
XA = 0.180
XA = 0.190
XA = 0.200
T=979.43
T=974.38
T=969.33
T=964.28
T=959.22
T=954.17
T=949.12
T=944.07
T=939.02
T=933.97
-3
dz
D
MA,0
4
dT
1
(
K T (T Ta )
=
H RA ) vRA (X A ,T )
c
dt
dz
D
m p
z = 0 ; X A =0 ; T =T0
f12 = 2.15201
f13 = 2.61863
f14 = 3.19252
f15 = 3.89976
f16 = 4.77312
f17 = 5.85383
f18 = 7.19398
f19 = 8.85940
f20 = 10.93356
f21 = 13.52254
dz
<0
1
1100
XA
dT
dz
0.8
>0
1080
0.6
1060
0.4
1040
0.2
1020
1000
0
0.5
1.5
2.5
T, [K]
dT
z, [m]