Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
The State of nationality has the right to grant diplomatic protection to its citizens and to
choose the means of protection. In case of inability of the citizen to present an international
claim himself, the State of nationality has the legal duty to exercise diplomatic protection, if
the injury resulted from a grave breach of a jus cogens norm attributable to the territorial
State. Many contemporary States’ Constitutions have fixed the legal obligation of the State to
protect its citizens abroad.
Developments of international human rights law elevated the position of the individual
in international law.
Referinţe
257
Institutul de
Relaţii Internaţionale ANUAR ŞTIINŢIFIC
1. Anghel, I. M., Dreptul diplomatic şi consular, ediţia a II-a, volumul I, Editura Lumina
Lex, Bucureşti, 2002, 688 p.
2. Bennouna, M., La protection diplomatique, un droit de l’état?, în: Boutras Boutras-
Ghali: Amicorum Discipulorumque Liber: paix, développement, démocratie, Bruylant,
Bruxelles, 1998, vol. I, 843 p.
3. Bolintineanu, A., Năstase, A., Aurescu, B., Drept internaţional contemporan, ediţia a
II-a, Editura All Beck, Bucureşti, 2000, 464 p. Deşi problema se pune cu o mare acuitate atât
în teoria cât şi practica dreptului internaţional, astăzi individului nu îi este atribuită calitatea
de subiect de drept internaţional.
4. Brierly, J. L., The Law of Nations; an introduction to the international law of peace,
6th ed., Humphrey Waldock, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1963, 442 p.
5. Brierly, J. L., The Theory of Implied State Complicity in International Claims,
B.Y.I.L., 1928, vol. 9.
6. Constituţia Republicii Moldova, 29 iulie 1994, Monitorul Oficial al Republicii
Moldova, nr. 1 din 12 august 1994 (articolul 18 în redacţia Legii 1469-XV din 21 noiembrie
2002, Monitorul Oficial al Republicii Moldova, nr. 169/1290, 12 decembrie 2002).
7. Constitution of the Republic of Poland, 1997, http://www.sejm.gov.pl/english/
konstytucja/kon1.htm.
8. Constitution of the Russian Federation, 1993, http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/
russian/const/constit.html.
9. Constitution of Ukraine, 1996, http://www.rada.kiev.ua/const/conengl.htm.
10. Dugard, J. R., First Report on Diplomatic Protection, United Nations, Document
A/CN.4/506 (7 March 2000), http://www.un.org/law/ilc/index.htm
11. Garcia Amador, F. V., State Responsibility: Some New Problems, R.C.A.D.I., 1958-
II, vol. 94.
12. Geck, W. K., “Diplomatic Protection”, în: R. Bernhardt (ed.), Encyclopedia of
Public International Law, 1992, vol. I.
13. Guha Roy, S. N., Is the Law of Responsibility of States for Injures to Aliens a Part
of Universal International Law?, A.J.I.L, 1961, vol. 55.
14. Interhandel case, I.C.J., Reports, 1959.
15. Jessup, P. C., A Modern Law of Nations: An Itroduction, Archon Books, 1952,
(reprint 1968), 236 p.
16. Le caractère national d'une réclamation internationale présentée par un Etat en raison
d'un dommage subi par un individu, Session de Varsovie, 1965,
http://www.idi-iil.org/idiF/resolutionsF/1965_var_01_fr.pdf.
17. Mavrommatis Palestine Concessions case (Greece v. U.K.), P.C.I.J., Reports, 1924,
Series A, No. 2, 93 p.
18. Nottebohm case, I.C.J., Reports, 1955.
19. Orrego Vicuña, F., Final Report The Changing Law of Nationality of Claims,
International Law Association, London conference, (2000), Committee on Diplomatic
Protection of Persons and Property, http://www.ila-hq.org.
20. The Constitution of Greece, 1975, http://www.hri.org/MFA/syntagma.
21. The Constitution of the Republic of Hungary, 1997, http://www.constitution.org/
cons/hungary.txt.
22. The Spanish Constitution, 1978, http://www.spainemb.org/information/constitucionin.htm.
23. Waelbroeck, M., „Belgium”, în: E. Lauterpacht and J.G. Gollier (eds.), Individual
Rights and the State in Foreign Affairs: An International Compendium, Praeger Publishers,
New York – London, 1977, 473 p.
258
Institutul de
VOLUMUL V Relaţii Internaţionale
24. Warbrick, C., Protection of Nationals Abroad: Current Legal Problems, I.C.L.Q.,
1988, vol. 37.
25. Ваттель, Э. Де., Право народов или принципы естественного права, применяе-
мые к поведению и делам нации и суверенов, Государственное издательство юридиче-
ской литературы, Москва, 1960, 719 c.
Prezentat la 05.12.2007
259