Router:

 Cpu
 RAM: este o memorie volatile
 NVRAM : memoria in care se salveaza configuratia
 FLASH: memoria in vare se salveaza sistemul de operare

In principal system de operare CISCO este IOS

IP:
-IPv4
Ex:80.12.178.1
Cifrele sunt intre 0 si 255
Fiecare grupa are 1 Byte(1 byte=8 bits)

-IPv6
Ex: 2001:DB8:3333:4444:5555:6666:7777:8888.
Fiecare grupa are 2 bytes
Reprezentat hexazecimal(apar litere)

A: 1.0.0.0 – 126.255.255.255 : Private 10.0.0.0 – 10.255.255.255; Special: 127.0.0.0 – 127.255.255.255

B: 128.0.0.0 – 191.255.255.255 : Private 172.16.0.0 – 172.31.255.255; Special: 169.254.0.0 – 169.254.255.255

C: 192.0.0.0 – 223.255.255.255: Private192.168.0.0 – 192.168.255.255

Protocoale:

Wi fi: 802.11 a,b,g,n,ac,ax WiFi 6: 802.11ax

Ethernet: 802.3

Bluetooth: 802.15
IANA